Coalbed methane (CBM) has emerged as a clean energy resource in the global energy mix, especially in countries such as Australia, China, India and the USA. The economical and successful development of CBM requires a thorough evaluation and optimization of well placement prior to field-scale exploitation. This paper presents a two-stage, step-wise optimization framework to obtain the optimal placement of wells for large-scale development of CBM reservoirs. In the first stage, an optimal uniform well pattern is obtained by optimizing well pattern description parameters with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Subsequently, the location and status (active/inactive) of each well are perturbed and optimized within the patterns through the integration of the generalized pattern search (GPS) algorithm and a quality map (QM) representing the production potential. This framework was tested in a synthetic anthracite CBM reservoir in the Qinshui basin (with high gas content and low permeability) and a real field high volatile bituminous reservoir in the Illinois basin (with low gas content and high permeability). The results show that: (i) significant variations in the net present value (NPV) exist with respect to different uniform well patterns (even for cases where the total number of wells are identical), the optima of which can be efficiently determined by the PSO within 100 numerical simulation runs; (ii) the optimization of well perturbations by the GPS results in a more noticeable improvement in NPVs for the synthetic (12.3%) than for the real field model (4.6%); (iii) for the low permeable synthetic model with narrow optimal well spacings (320 m × 200 m), the contribution of the optimization of well perturbation to the NPV increment is heavily dependent on the uniform well placement solution; (iv) for the high permeable real field model with large optimal well spacings (1300 m × 1300 m), the initial uniform well placement has a very minor effect on the subsequent well perturbation solutions in terms of NPV; (v) the proposed framework significantly outperforms the conventional well-by-well concatenation procedure in terms of computational efficiency, robustness and optimal criteria set for production potential.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2020.103479","usgsCitation":"Zhang, J., Feng, Q., Zhang, X., Bai, J., Karacan, C.O., and Elsworth, D., 2020, A two-stage step-wise framework for fast optimization of well placement in coalbed methane reservoirs: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 225, 103479, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2020.103479.","productDescription":"103479, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-111995","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375662,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"225","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Jiyuan","contributorId":225384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Jiyuan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feng, Qihong","contributorId":225385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feng","given":"Qihong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, Xianmin","contributorId":225386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Xianmin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bai, Jia","contributorId":225387,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bai","given":"Jia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Karacan, C. Ozgen 0000-0002-0947-8241","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0947-8241","contributorId":201991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karacan","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ozgen","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Elsworth, Derek","contributorId":225388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elsworth","given":"Derek","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70209691,"text":"70209691 - 2020 - The role of seismic and slow slip events in triggering the 2018 M7.1 Anchorage earthquake in the Southcentral Alaska subduction zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-03T13:40:17.693808","indexId":"70209691","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-23T17:01:55","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of seismic and slow slip events in triggering the 2018 M7.1 Anchorage earthquake in the Southcentral Alaska subduction zone","docAbstract":"The M 7.1 2018 Anchorage earthquake occurred in the bending part of the subducting North Pacific plate near the geometrical barrier formed by the underthrusting Yakutat terrane. We calculate the triggering potential related with stress redistribution from deformation sources including the M 9.2 1964 earthquake coseismic slip, postseismic deformation, slip from regional M > 5 earthquakes, and the cumulative slip of previously detected slow slip events over the past 55 years. We investigate the deeper shallow depth (20–60 km) seismicity response to these perturbations using an epidemic type aftershock sequence model to describe earthquake‐to‐earthquake interactions. The statistical forecast captures the triggered seismicity during the 1983 M 6+ aftershocks in Columbia Bay but performs poorly during the slow slip event period between 1992.0 and 2004.8 that presents a statistically significant rate change (β , Z > 2; M < 4.0). We find that stress effects from the 1964 postseismic source and the 12‐year‐long slow slip event (~M 7.8) contribute to the 2018 Anchorage earthquake occurrence and that slow slip events modulate the deeper shallow depth seismicity patterns in the region.
Salinity, selenium, and uranium pose water‐quality challenges for the Arkansas River in southeastern Colorado and other rivers that support irrigation in semiarid regions. This study used 31 years of continuous discharge and specific conductance (SC) monitoring data to assess interannual patterns in water quality using mass balance on a 120‐km reach of river. Discrete sampling data were used to link the SC records to salinity, selenium, and uranium. Several important patterns emerged. Consumptive use reduced discharge by a median value of 33% and drove corresponding increases in salinity and uranium concentrations. Increased water availability for irrigation from rainfall and upstream snowpack in 1995–1999 flushed additional salinity and uranium into the river in 1996–2000; average annual total dissolved solids (salinity) concentrations increased 25%, and loads increased 131%. Smaller flushing events have occurred, sometimes lagging an increase in water availability by about one year. The pattern indicates flushing of salts temporarily stored, evaporatively concentrated, or of geologic origin. Mobilization of selenium from the reach was minor compared to salinity and uranium, and net selenium removal from the river was suggested in some years. Several processes related to irrigation could be removing selenium. The results provide context for efforts to improve water quality in the Arkansas River and rivers in other semiarid regions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12841","usgsCitation":"Bern, C.R., Holmberg, M.J., and Kisfalusi, Z.D., 2020, Salt flushing, salt storage, and controls on selenium: A 31-year mass-balance analysis of an irrigated, semiarid valley: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 56, no. 4, p. 647-668, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12841.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"647","endPage":"668","ipdsId":"IP-102689","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456966,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12841","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377212,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Arkansas River Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.06298828125,\n 38.62545397209084\n ],\n [\n -103.45275878906249,\n 39.104488809440475\n ],\n [\n -104.5074462890625,\n 39.35978526869001\n ],\n [\n -105.9906005859375,\n 39.29604824402406\n ],\n [\n -106.622314453125,\n 39.78321267821705\n ],\n [\n -107.13317871093749,\n 39.65222681530652\n ],\n [\n -105.58959960937499,\n 38.12159327165922\n ],\n [\n -105.3369140625,\n 37.85316995894978\n ],\n [\n -105.4852294921875,\n 37.592471511019085\n ],\n [\n -105.2105712890625,\n 37.61858263247881\n ],\n [\n -105.018310546875,\n 37.405073750176925\n ],\n [\n -105.16113281249999,\n 37.03325468997236\n ],\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 36.99816565700228\n ],\n [\n -102.06298828125,\n 38.62545397209084\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-04-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bern, Carleton R. 0000-0002-8980-1781 cbern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8980-1781","contributorId":201152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bern","given":"Carleton","email":"cbern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holmberg, Michael J. 0000-0002-1316-0412 mholmber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1316-0412","contributorId":190084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmberg","given":"Michael","email":"mholmber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kisfalusi, Zachary D. 0000-0001-6016-3213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6016-3213","contributorId":222422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kisfalusi","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70211831,"text":"70211831 - 2020 - Model selection for the North American Breeding Bird Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-10T20:29:14.489574","indexId":"70211831","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-23T16:28:27","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Model selection for the North American Breeding Bird Survey","docAbstract":"The North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) provides data that can be used in complex, multiscale analyses of population change, while controlling for scale‐specific nuisance factors. Many alternative models can be fit to the data, but most model selection procedures are not appropriate for hierarchical models. Leave‐one‐out cross‐validation (LOOCV), in which relative model fit is assessed by omitting an observation and assessing the prediction of a model fit using the remainder of the data, provides a reasonable approach for assessing models, but is time consuming and not feasible to apply for all observations in large data sets. We report the first large‐scale formal model selection for BBS data, applying LOOCV to stratified random samples of observations from BBS data. Our results are for 548 species of North American birds, comparing the fit of four alternative models that differ in year effect structures and in descriptions of extra‐Poisson overdispersion. We use a hierarchical model among species to evaluate posterior probabilities that models are best for individual species. Models in which differences in year effects are conditionally independent (D models) were generally favored over models in which year effects are modeled by a slope parameter and a random year effect (S models), and models in which extra‐Poisson overdispersion effects are independent and t‐distributed (H models) tended to be favored over models where overdispersion was independent and normally distributed. Our conclusions lead us to recommend a change from the conventional S model to D and H models for the vast majority of species (544/548). Comparison of estimated population trends based on the favored model relative to the S model currently used for BBS summaries indicates no consistent differences in estimated trends. Of the 18 species that showed large differences in estimated trends between models, estimated trends from the default S model were more extreme, reflecting the influence of the slope parameter in that model for species that are undergoing large population changes. WAIC, a computationally simpler alternative to LOOCV, does not appear to be a reliable alternative to LOOCV.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.2137","usgsCitation":"Link, W.A., Sauer, J.R., and Niven, D.K., 2020, Model selection for the North American Breeding Bird Survey: Ecological Applications, v. 30, no. 6, e2037, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2137.","productDescription":"e2037, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-112644","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377210,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.2109375,\n 7.013667927566642\n ],\n [\n -71.015625,\n 20.3034175184893\n ],\n [\n -77.34374999999999,\n 28.92163128242129\n ],\n [\n -68.5546875,\n 40.713955826286046\n ],\n [\n -50.625,\n 49.15296965617042\n ],\n [\n -62.22656249999999,\n 68.65655498475735\n ],\n [\n -84.375,\n 76.67978490310692\n ],\n [\n -123.04687499999999,\n 77.61770905279676\n ],\n [\n -131.1328125,\n 71.52490903732816\n ],\n [\n -159.2578125,\n 71.85622888185527\n ],\n [\n -166.9921875,\n 69.03714171275197\n ],\n [\n -166.9921875,\n 62.75472592723178\n ],\n [\n -162.7734375,\n 58.07787626787517\n ],\n [\n -162.421875,\n 54.97761367069628\n ],\n [\n -148.0078125,\n 56.36525013685606\n ],\n [\n -141.328125,\n 57.326521225217064\n ],\n [\n -134.296875,\n 54.36775852406841\n ],\n [\n -127.265625,\n 47.040182144806664\n ],\n [\n -126.21093749999999,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -116.01562499999999,\n 26.43122806450644\n ],\n [\n -104.0625,\n 14.944784875088372\n ],\n [\n -81.2109375,\n 7.013667927566642\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-06-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Link, William A. 0000-0002-9913-0256 wlink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":146920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"William","email":"wlink@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauer, John R. 0000-0002-4557-3019 jrsauer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":146917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"John","email":"jrsauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Niven, Daniel K 0000-0002-3253-7211 dniven@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3253-7211","contributorId":237775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niven","given":"Daniel","email":"dniven@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70211919,"text":"70211919 - 2020 - Variable prey consumption leads to distinct regional differences in Chinook salmon growth during the early marine critical period","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-11T20:47:03.355543","indexId":"70211919","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-23T15:38:49","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variable prey consumption leads to distinct regional differences in Chinook salmon growth during the early marine critical period","docAbstract":"Growth during the early marine critical period is positively associated with survival and recruitment for Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp., so it is important to understand how certain foraging strategies may bolster growth in estuarine and marine environments. To elucidate how spatiotemporal and demographic differences in diet contribute to growth rate variability, we analyzed stomach contents in tandem with morphometric and hormonal indices of growth for subyearling Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha captured in Puget Sound, Washington, USA. Regional dietary patterns indicated that fish caught in northern Puget Sound ate insects in the estuarine and nearshore habitats, followed by decapod larvae, euphausiids, or forage fish in the offshore zone. In southern Puget Sound, fish ate insects in the estuary but were more likely to eat mysids and other crustaceans in the nearshore zone. In the marine habitats adjacent to the San Juan Islands, subyearlings ate forage fish, and their stomachs were as much as 1.4 to 3 times fuller than salmon captured in other regions. Scale-derived growth rates and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels showed distinct growth advantages for San Juan Islands fish which were strongly associated with the early adoption of piscivory. However, consumption of larger crustaceans such as mysids and euphausiids was also associated with greater relative growth regardless of where individuals were captured. These findings highlight how spatiotemporal differences in prey quantity, prey profitability, and individual foraging strategies result in variable growth rates among salmon populations. Specifically, they emphasize the role of piscivory in promoting early marine growth for out-migrating Chinook salmon.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Press","doi":"10.3354/meps13279","usgsCitation":"Davis, M.J., Chamberlin, J.W., Gardner, J.R., Connelly, K.A., Gamble, M.M., Beckman, B.R., and Beauchamp, D., 2020, Variable prey consumption leads to distinct regional differences in Chinook salmon growth during the early marine critical period: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 640, p. 147-169, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps13279.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"169","ipdsId":"IP-112067","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377391,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.34374999999999,\n 48.596592251456705\n ],\n [\n -122.58544921875,\n 48.79239019646406\n ],\n [\n -122.86010742187499,\n 48.785151998043155\n ],\n [\n -123.167724609375,\n 48.669198799260045\n ],\n [\n -123.22265625000001,\n 48.20271028869972\n ],\n [\n -122.98095703125,\n 48.04870994288686\n ],\n [\n -122.76123046875,\n 47.95314495015594\n ],\n [\n -123.20068359374999,\n 47.46523622438362\n ],\n [\n -123.18969726562499,\n 47.14489748555398\n ],\n [\n -122.947998046875,\n 46.99524110694593\n ],\n [\n -122.398681640625,\n 47.12995075666307\n ],\n [\n -122.16796875,\n 47.368594345213374\n ],\n [\n -121.9921875,\n 47.64318610543658\n ],\n [\n -122.27783203125,\n 47.77625204393233\n ],\n [\n -122.15698242187499,\n 48.070738264258296\n ],\n [\n -122.32177734375,\n 48.16608541901253\n ],\n [\n -122.34374999999999,\n 48.596592251456705\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"640","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Melanie J","contributorId":238012,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":47679,"text":"University of Washington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chamberlin, Joshua W.","contributorId":203910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chamberlin","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":36753,"text":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gardner, Jennifer R.","contributorId":175505,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardner","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":795807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Connelly, Kristin A.","contributorId":174523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connelly","given":"Kristin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":795808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gamble, Madilyn M.","contributorId":203908,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gamble","given":"Madilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36751,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Beckman, Brian R.","contributorId":238013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beckman","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":47680,"text":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, Washington 98112, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Beauchamp, David 0000-0002-3592-8381","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3592-8381","contributorId":217816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70228354,"text":"70228354 - 2020 - Comparing environmental flow implementation options with structured decision making: Case study from the Willamette River, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T20:59:03.745231","indexId":"70228354","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-23T14:46:32","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing environmental flow implementation options with structured decision making: Case study from the Willamette River, Oregon","docAbstract":"Many frameworks have been used to identify environmental flows for sustaining river ecosystems or specific taxa in the face of widespread flow alteration for human use. However, these methods mostly focus on identifying suitable flows and largely ignore the important links between management actions, resulting flows, flow variability, and ecosystem or social responses. Structured decision making (SDM) could assist the comparison and implementation of environmental flows by providing a framework to compare effects of flow management actions on objectives via environmental flow science. We describe the SDM process and illustrate its application using a case study focused on comparing environmental flow scenarios for the mainstem Willamette River, Oregon, USA. In a short timeframe, SDM was successfully applied to identify management objectives, develop empirical and expert opinion based models predicting ecological responses, and compare scenarios while accounting for uncertainty and partial controllability. We found that no flow scenario was clearly preferred based on available knowledge, largely because river flows could only be partially controlled through available dam operations. Participants agreed that the SDM process was useful and that an additional iteration focused on refining predictive models and incorporating additional objectives could help better inform dam release decisions for the entire basin. In our view, SDM can provide managers with more realistic comparisons of environmental flows by accounting for partial controllability and uncertainty, which may result in greater implementation of available flow management actions.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12845","usgsCitation":"DeWeber, J., and Peterson, J., 2020, Comparing environmental flow implementation options with structured decision making: Case study from the Willamette River, Oregon: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 56, no. 4, p. 599-614, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12845.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"599","endPage":"614","ipdsId":"IP-098527","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395729,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Willamette River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.255615234375,\n 43.23719944365308\n ],\n [\n -123.255615234375,\n 45.62940492064501\n ],\n [\n -121.7449951171875,\n 45.62940492064501\n ],\n [\n -121.7449951171875,\n 43.23719944365308\n ],\n [\n -123.255615234375,\n 43.23719944365308\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-04-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeWeber, J. Tyrell","contributorId":275279,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeWeber","given":"J. Tyrell","affiliations":[{"id":25426,"text":"OSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70212525,"text":"70212525 - 2020 - Spatiotemporal seismic structure variations associated with the 2018 Kīlauea eruption based on temporary dense geophone arrays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-19T14:15:31.661551","indexId":"70212525","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-23T09:09:27","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatiotemporal seismic structure variations associated with the 2018 Kīlauea eruption based on temporary dense geophone arrays","docAbstract":"During the 2018 Kīlauea volcanic eruption, lava erupted from a series of new fissures in the lower East Rift Zone more than 30 km away from the summit through a dike intrusion. Between late May and early August, variations in the effusion rate at the persistent eruptive vent (Fissure 8) were observed following near‐daily summit caldera collapse events. Targeting the ongoing eruptive activity and the subsurface magma movement, we deployed a temporary dense seismic array. The observed time‐lapse changes in seismic velocity associated with the response of the summit collapse in three areas are presented in this study. The results show (1) clear spatially dependent co‐collapse velocity reductions across the newly‐intruded dike structure, (2) a gradual post‐collapse velocity increase near Fissure 8 correlated with the surge of magma supply, and (3) a gradual post‐collapse velocity increase on the summit likely associated with reservoir pressurization and crustal welding.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2019GL086668","usgsCitation":"Wu, S., Lin, F., Farrell, J., Shiro, B., Karlstrom, L., Okubo, P.G., and Koper, K.D., 2020, Spatiotemporal seismic structure variations associated with the 2018 Kīlauea eruption based on temporary dense geophone arrays: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 47, no. 9, e2019GL086668, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL086668.","productDescription":"e2019GL086668, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-112920","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019gl086668","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377647,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.33843994140625,\n 19.36427174188655\n ],\n [\n -155.19012451171875,\n 19.36427174188655\n ],\n [\n -155.19012451171875,\n 19.46141299683288\n ],\n [\n -155.33843994140625,\n 19.46141299683288\n ],\n [\n -155.33843994140625,\n 19.36427174188655\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, Sin-Mei","contributorId":175479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wu","given":"Sin-Mei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lin, Fan-Chi","contributorId":175478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lin","given":"Fan-Chi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farrell, Jamie","contributorId":175477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farrell","given":"Jamie","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shiro, Brian 0000-0001-8756-288X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8756-288X","contributorId":204040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shiro","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Karlstrom, Leif","contributorId":23048,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karlstrom","given":"Leif","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":796693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Okubo, Paul G. 0000-0002-0381-6051 pokubo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0381-6051","contributorId":2730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okubo","given":"Paul","email":"pokubo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":796694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Koper, Keith D.","contributorId":175489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koper","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":27579,"text":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70215561,"text":"70215561 - 2020 - Climate change causes river network contraction and disconnection in the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-23T13:58:50.631328","indexId":"70215561","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-23T08:55:08","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7170,"text":"Frontiers in Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate change causes river network contraction and disconnection in the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon, USA","docAbstract":"Headwater streams account for more than 89% of global river networks and provide numerous ecosystem services that benefit downstream ecosystems and human water uses. It has been established that changes in climate have shifted the timing and magnitude of observed precipitation, which, at specific gages, have been directly linked to long-term reductions in large river discharge. However, climate impacts on ungaged headwater streams, where ecosystem function is tightly coupled to flow permanence along the river corridor, remain unknown due to the lack of data sets and ability to model and predict flow permanence. We analyzed a network of 10 gages with 38–69 years of records across a 5th-order river basin in the U.S. Pacific Northwest, finding increasing frequency of lower low-flow conditions across the basin. Next, we simulated river network expansion and contraction for a 65-year period of record, revealing 24% and 9% declines in flowing and contiguous network length, respectively, during the driest months of the year. This study is the first to mechanistically simulate network expansion and contraction at the scale of a large river basin, informing if and how climate change is altering connectivity along river networks. While the heuristic model presented here yields basin-specific conclusions, this approach is generalizable and transferable to the study of other large river basins. Finally, we interpret our model results in the context of regulations based on flow permanence, demonstrating the complications of static regulatory definitions in the face of non-stationary climate.
We present a comprehensive relative sea-level (RSL) database for north, central, and south-central Chile (18.5°S – 43.6°S) using a consistent, systematic, and internationally comparable approach. Despite its latitudinal extent, this coastline has received little rigorous or systematic attention and details of its RSL history remain largely unexplored. To address this knowledge gap, we re-evaluate the geological context and age of previously published sea-level indicators, providing 78 index points and 84 marine or terrestrial limiting points spanning from 11 ka to the present day. Many data points were originally collected for research in other fields and have not previously been examined for the information they provide on sea-level change. Additionally, we describe new sea-level data from four sites located between the Gulf of Arauco and Valdivia. By compiling RSL histories for 11 different regions, we summarise current knowledge of Chilean RSL. These histories indicate mid Holocene sea levels above present in all regions, but at highly contrasting elevations from ∼30 m to <5 m. We compare the spatiotemporal distribution of sea-level data points with a suite of glacial isostatic adjustment models and place first-order constraints on the influence of tectonic processes over 103–104 year timescales. While seven regions indicate uplift rates <1 m ka−1, the remaining regions may experience substantially higher rates. In addition to enabling discussion of the factors driving sea-level change, our compilation provides a resource to assist attempts to understand the distribution of archaeological, palaeoclimatic, and palaeoseismic evidence in the coastal zone and highlights directions for future sea-level research in Chile.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106281","usgsCitation":"Garrett, E., Melnick, D., Dura, T., Cisternas, M., Ely, L., Wesson, R.L., Jara-Munoz, J., and Whitehouse, P.L., 2020, Holocene relative sea-level change along the tectonically active Chilean coast: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 236, 106281, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106281.","productDescription":"106281, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117621","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456975,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106281","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387803,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.2890625,\n -41.178653972331674\n ],\n [\n -72.333984375,\n -41.442726377672116\n ],\n [\n -67.939453125,\n -21.943045533438166\n ],\n [\n -73.47656249999999,\n -22.350075806124853\n ],\n [\n -75.673828125,\n -22.350075806124853\n ],\n [\n -76.2890625,\n -41.178653972331674\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"236","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garrett, Ed","contributorId":263491,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garrett","given":"Ed","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":820908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Melnick, Daniel","contributorId":195525,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melnick","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":820909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dura, Tina","contributorId":195530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dura","given":"Tina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cisternas, Marco","contributorId":198928,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cisternas","given":"Marco","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":820911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ely, Lisa","contributorId":195528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ely","given":"Lisa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":820912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wesson, Robert L. 0000-0003-2702-0012 rwesson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2702-0012","contributorId":850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesson","given":"Robert","email":"rwesson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jara-Munoz, Julius","contributorId":263474,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jara-Munoz","given":"Julius","affiliations":[{"id":53996,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Whitehouse, Pippa L","contributorId":263475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitehouse","given":"Pippa","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":53998,"text":"Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70209726,"text":"fs20203025 - 2020 - Groundwater quality in the Redding–Red Bluff shallow aquifer study unit of the northern Sacramento Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-16T16:35:55.018658","indexId":"fs20203025","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-23T07:35:40","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-3025","displayTitle":"Groundwater Quality in the Redding–Red Bluff Shallow Aquifer Study Unit of the Northern Sacramento Valley, California","title":"Groundwater quality in the Redding–Red Bluff shallow aquifer study unit of the northern Sacramento Valley, California","docAbstract":"Groundwater provides more than 40 percent of California’s drinking water. To protect this vital resource, the State of California created the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The Priority Basin Project of the GAMA Program provides a comprehensive assessment of the State’s groundwater quality and increases public access to groundwater-quality information. Private domestic and small system drinking water wells in the Redding–Red Bluff study unit primarily draw from shallow aquifers which are the target for this assessment.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20203025","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Harkness, J.S., and Shelton, J.L., 2020, Groundwater quality in the Redding–Red Bluff shallow aquifer study unit of the northern Sacramento Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2020–3025, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20203025.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-114766","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437016,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ZKAH3O","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Groundwater-quality Data in the Redding-Red Bluff Shallow Aquifer Study Unit, 2018-2019: Results from the California GAMA Priority Basin Project"},{"id":374207,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2020/3025/fs20203025.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":374206,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2020/3025/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Northern Sacramento Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.882080078125,\n 39.70296052957233\n ],\n [\n -121.58569335937501,\n 39.70296052957233\n ],\n [\n -121.58569335937501,\n 40.97575093157534\n ],\n [\n -122.882080078125,\n 40.97575093157534\n ],\n [\n -122.882080078125,\n 39.70296052957233\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"GAMA Project Chief
California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, CA 95819
Telephone number: (916) 278-3000
GAMA Program Unit Chief
State Water Resources Control Board
Division of Water Quality
PO Box 2231, Sacramento, CA 95812
Telephone number: (916) 341-5855
Groundwater has been a major source of agricultural, municipal, and domestic water supply since the early 1920s in the Coachella Valley, California, USA. Land subsidence, resulting from aquifer-system compaction and groundwater-level declines, has been a concern of the Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD) since the mid-1990s. As a result, the CVWD has implemented several projects to address groundwater overdraft that fall under three categories – groundwater substitution, conservation, and managed aquifer-recharge (MAR). The implementation of three projects in particular – replacing groundwater extraction with surface water from the Colorado River and recycled water (Mid-Valley Pipeline project), reducing water usage by tiered-rate costs, and increasing groundwater recharge at the Thomas E. Levy Groundwater Replenishment Facility – are potentially linked to markedly improved groundwater levels and subsidence conditions, including in some of the historically most overdrafted areas in the southern Coachella Valley. Groundwater-level and subsidence monitoring have tracked the effect these projects have had on the aquifer system. Prior to about 2010, water levels persistently declined, and some had reached historically low levels by 2010. Since about 2010, however, groundwater levels have stabilized or partially recovered, and subsidence has stopped or slowed substantially almost everywhere it previously had been observed; uplift was observed in some areas. Furthermore, results of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar analyses for 1995–2017 indicate that as much as about 0.6 m of subsidence occurred; nearly all of which occurred prior to 2010. Continued monitoring of water levels and subsidence is necessary to inform the CVWD about future mitigation measures. The water management strategies implemented by the CVWD can inform managers of other overdrafted and subsidence-prone basins as they seek solutions to reduce overdraft and subsidence.
","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/piahs-382-809-2020","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Sneed, M., and Brandt, J.T., 2020, Mitigating land subsidence in the Coachella Valley, California, USA: An emerging success story: Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences, v. 382, p. 809-813, https://doi.org/10.5194/piahs-382-809-2020.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"809","endPage":"813","ipdsId":"IP-111082","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456979,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/piahs-382-809-2020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":374224,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Coachella Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.37954711914062,\n 33.53223722395908\n ],\n [\n -116.02523803710938,\n 33.53223722395908\n ],\n [\n -116.02523803710938,\n 33.82023008524739\n ],\n [\n -116.37954711914062,\n 33.82023008524739\n ],\n [\n -116.37954711914062,\n 33.53223722395908\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"382","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-04-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sneed, Michelle 0000-0002-8180-382X micsneed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8180-382X","contributorId":155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sneed","given":"Michelle","email":"micsneed@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brandt, Justin T. 0000-0002-9397-6824 jbrandt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9397-6824","contributorId":157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"Justin","email":"jbrandt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70209736,"text":"70209736 - 2020 - Airborne lidar and electro-optical imagery along surface ruptures of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence, Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-09T14:51:19.4533","indexId":"70209736","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-22T09:55:23","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Airborne lidar and electro-optical imagery along surface ruptures of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence, Southern California","docAbstract":"Surface rupture from the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence, initially associated with the M 6.4 foreshock, occurred on July 4 on a ~17 km long, northeast-southwest oriented, left-lateral zone of faulting. Following the M 7.1 mainshock on July 5 (local time), extensive northwest-southeast-oriented, right-lateral faulting was then also mapped along a ~50 km long zone of faults, including sub-parallel splays in several areas. The largest slip was observed in the epicentral area, and crossing the dry lakebed of China Lake to the southeast. Surface fault rupture mapping by a large team, reported elsewhere, was used to guide the airborne data acquisition reported here. Rapid rupture mapping allowed for accurate and efficient flight line planning for the high-resolution lidar and aerial photography. Flight line planning trade-offs were considered to allocate the medium (25 pulses per square meter, or ppsm) and high resolution (80 ppsm) lidar data collection polygons. The National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping (NCALM) acquired the airborne imagery with a Titan multispectral lidar system and DiMAC aerial digital camera, and USGS acquired GPS ground control data. This effort required extensive coordination with the Navy as much of the airborne data acquisition occurred within their restricted airspace at the China Lake Ranges.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220190338","usgsCitation":"Hudnut, K.W., Brooks, B.A., Scharer, K.M., Hernandez, J.L., Dawson, T.E., Oskin, M.E., Arrowsmith, J.R., Goulet, C.A., Blake, K., Boggie, M.A., Bork, S., Craig L. Glennie, Fernandez-Diaz, J., Singhania, A., Hauser, D., and Sorhus, S., 2020, Airborne lidar and electro-optical imagery along surface ruptures of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence, Southern California: Seismological Research Letters, v. 91, no. 4, p. 2096-2107, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220190338.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2096","endPage":"2107","ipdsId":"IP-114239","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374220,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Calilfornia","otherGeospatial":"Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.125,\n 35.1154153142536\n ],\n [\n -117.2076416015625,\n 35.1154153142536\n ],\n [\n -117.2076416015625,\n 36.27085020723902\n ],\n [\n -118.125,\n 36.27085020723902\n ],\n [\n -118.125,\n 35.1154153142536\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"91","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-04-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Brooks, Benjamin A. 0000-0001-7954-6281 bbrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7954-6281","contributorId":5237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Benjamin","email":"bbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787726,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scharer, Katherine M. 0000-0003-2811-2496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2811-2496","contributorId":217361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scharer","given":"Katherine M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787727,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hernandez, Janis","contributorId":216335,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hernandez","given":"Janis","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787728,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dawson, Timothy E.","contributorId":24429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dawson","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7099,"text":"Calif. 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In this study, stable isotope analysis was used to quantify carbon sources in a restoring, sparsely vegetated marsh (Restoring) and an adjacent, historically unaltered marsh (Reference) in the Nisqually River Delta (NRD) of Washington, USA. Three sediment cores were collected at “Inland” and “Seaward” locations at both marshes ~ 6 years after restoration. Benthic diatoms, C3 plants, C4 plants, and particulate organic matter (POM) were collected throughout the NRD. δ13C and δ15N values of sources and sediments were used in a Bayesian stable isotope mixing model to determine the contribution of each carbon source to the sediments of both marshes. Autochthonous marsh C3 plants contributed 73 ± 10% (98 g C m−2 year−1) and 89 ± 11% (119 g C m−2 year−1) to Reference-Inland and Reference-Seaward sediment carbon sinks, respectively. In contrast, the sediment carbon sink at the Restoring Marsh received a broad assortment of predominantly allochthonous materials, which varied in relative contribution based on source distance and abundance. Marsh POM contributed the most to Restoring-Seaward (42 ± 34%) (69 g C m−2 year−1) followed by Riverine POM at Restoring-Inland (32 ± 41%) (52 g C m−2 year−1). Overall, this study demonstrates that largely unvegetated, restoring marshes can accumulate carbon by relying predominantly on allochthonous material, which comes mainly from the most abundant and closest estuarine sources.
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Warmer and drier conditions, coupled with dispersal distance limitations, are impeding tree seedling establishment and survival following high-severity fire. High-severity patches are commonly dominated by non-forest vegetation, a state that can be reinforced by subsequent fire events. We sought to determine the influence of fire probability on post-fire vegetation development in a severely burned landscape in New Mexico, USA. We used LANDIS-II to simulate three fire probability scenarios—historical fire probability, contemporary fire probability, and the mean of the two—with contemporary climate. As fire probability increased, the mean size of the largest fires and the mean landscape fire severity increased. These changes in fire characteristics resulted in decreased total aboveground biomass and photosynthetic capacity on the landscape after 50 years. Additionally, the distribution of individual species biomass shifted, with early successional species, especially those that resprout after fire, increasing as a fraction of total biomass with increasing fire occurrence. Counter to empirical data, our simulations did not show a conifer establishment limitation, suggesting a source of uncertainty that will need to be addressed to improve projections of forest dynamics under future climate. Even without limited conifer regeneration, continued increases in fire frequency are likely to favor resprouting species and result in a loss of forest biomass and ecosystem productivity in this southwestern forest landscape.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-020-00498-4","usgsCitation":"Keyser, A.R., Krofchek, D.J., Remy, C.C., Allen, C.D., and Hurteau, M.D., 2020, Simulated increases in fire activity reinforce shrub conversion in a southwestern US forest: Ecosystems, v. 23, p. 1702-1713, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-020-00498-4.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1702","endPage":"1713","ipdsId":"IP-117785","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488249,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hal.science/hal-05042363","text":"External Repository"},{"id":382542,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.8695068359375,\n 35.706377408871774\n ],\n [\n -106.3970947265625,\n 35.706377408871774\n ],\n [\n -106.3970947265625,\n 36.10681461011844\n ],\n [\n -106.8695068359375,\n 36.10681461011844\n ],\n [\n -106.8695068359375,\n 35.706377408871774\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-04-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keyser, Alisa R.","contributorId":248331,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keyser","given":"Alisa","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":49860,"text":"Univ. of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krofchek, Dan J.","contributorId":248332,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krofchek","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":35754,"text":"Univ of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Remy, Cecile C.","contributorId":248333,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Remy","given":"Cecile","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":35754,"text":"Univ of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hurteau, Matthew D.","contributorId":211635,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hurteau","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":38287,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70209787,"text":"70209787 - 2020 - Detection and measurement of land subsidence and uplift using interferometric synthetic aperture radar, San Diego, California, USA, 2016–2018","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-29T13:17:26.480601","indexId":"70209787","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-22T08:16:45","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Detection and measurement of land subsidence and uplift using interferometric synthetic aperture radar, San Diego, California, USA, 2016–2018","docAbstract":"Land subsidence associated with groundwater-level declines is stipulated as an “undesirable effect” in California’s Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA), and has been identified as a potential issue in San Diego, California, USA. The United States Geological Survey (USGS), the Sweetwater Authority, and the City of San Diego, undertook a cooperative study to better understand the hydromechanical response of the coastal aquifer system using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) techniques. Three periods of interest were analyzed for this study that correspond to the periods before and after two substantial changes were made to the location and volume of pumpage: (1) April–August 2016 when groundwater levels and land surface elevation were relatively stable during normal pumping, (2) September 2016–May 2017 when groundwater levels recovered and the land surface uplifted during a period of substantially reduced pumping, (3) June 2017–October 2018 when groundwater levels declined and land subsidence occurred when pumpage resumed and expanded to new wells. Spatial and temporal characterization of the hydromechanical response to changes in pumpage is important for managing land subsidence. Further study using InSAR techniques, especially when combined with ground-based geodetic and monitoring-well networks, will provide water managers information to help effectively manage groundwater resources as stipulated in the SGMA.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/piahs-382-45-2020","collaboration":"City of San Diego, Sweetwater Authority","usgsCitation":"Brandt, J.T., Sneed, M., and Danskin, W.R., 2020, Detection and measurement of land subsidence and uplift using interferometric synthetic aperture radar, San Diego, California, USA, 2016–2018, in Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences, v. 382, p. 45-49, https://doi.org/10.5194/piahs-382-45-2020.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"49","ipdsId":"IP-111228","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456989,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/piahs-382-45-2020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":374348,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Diego","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.28179931640626,\n 32.565333160841035\n ],\n [\n -117.04284667968749,\n 32.565333160841035\n ],\n [\n -117.04284667968749,\n 32.75840715084112\n ],\n [\n -117.28179931640626,\n 32.75840715084112\n ],\n [\n -117.28179931640626,\n 32.565333160841035\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"382","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-04-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brandt, Justin T. 0000-0002-9397-6824 jbrandt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9397-6824","contributorId":157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"Justin","email":"jbrandt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sneed, Michelle 0000-0002-8180-382X micsneed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8180-382X","contributorId":155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sneed","given":"Michelle","email":"micsneed@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Danskin, Wesley R. 0000-0001-8672-5501 wdanskin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8672-5501","contributorId":1034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danskin","given":"Wesley","email":"wdanskin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70217223,"text":"70217223 - 2020 - The Missoula and Bonneville floods—A review of ice-age megafloods in the Columbia River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-13T13:59:28.598323","indexId":"70217223","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-22T07:51:58","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1431,"text":"Earth-Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Missoula and Bonneville floods—A review of ice-age megafloods in the Columbia River basin","docAbstract":"The Channeled Scabland of eastern Washington State, USA, brought megafloods to the scientific forefront. A 30,000-km2 landscape of coulees and cataracts carved into the region’s loess-covered basalt attests to overwhelming volumes of energetic water. The scarred landscape, garnished by huge boulder bars and far-travelled ice-rafted erratics, spurred J Harlen Bretz’s vigorously disputed flood hypothesis in the 1920s. First known as the Spokane flood, it was rebranded the Missoula flood once understood that the water came from glacial Lake Missoula, formed when the Purcell Trench lobe of the last-glacial Cordilleran ice sheet dammed the Clark Fork valley in northwestern Idaho with ice a kilometer thick. Bretz’s flood evidence in the once-remote Channeled Scabland, widely seen and elaborated by the 1950s, eventually swayed consensus for cataclysmic flooding. Missoula flood questions then turned to some that continue today: how many? when? how big? what routes? what processes?
The Missoula floods passed through eastern Washington by a multitude of valleys, coulees and scabland tracts, some contemporaneously, some sequentially. Which routings and their timing depended on the positions of various lobes of the multi-pronged Cordilleran ice sheet and the erosional development of the channels themselves. The first floods mostly followed the big bend of Columbia valley looping through north-central Washington. But the south-advancing Okanogan ice lobe soon blocked that path, forming long-lasting glacial Lake Columbia in the impounded Columbia valley. Missoula floods into this lake were diverted south out of the Columbia valley and into eastern Washington coulees and scabland tracts. At least four floods entered Moses Coulee, but then as the Okanogan lobe advanced over and blocked the head of that coulee, more eastern paths took the water, including Grand Coulee and the Telford-Crab-Creek and Cheney-Palouse scabland tracts. Flood routing also depended on the erosion of the coulees. At some point, headward erosion of upper Grand Coulee lowered the divide saddle between the west-running Columbia valley and the deep and wide Grand Coulee heading southwest. Still uncertain is when this happened and the consequences with respect to the stage and extent of glacial Lake Columbia and to flood access to the other, higher, flood routes. Downstream, all flood routes converged onto Pasco Basin, flowed through Wallula Gap and the Columbia River Gorge into the Pacific Ocean, following submarine canyons and depositing sediment layers on abyssal plains.
Stratigraphic studies indicate dozens—likely more than a hundred—separate Missoula floods during the last glacial period. Over the length of the flood route, backwater areas and depositional basins preserve multiple flood beds, many of which are separated by signs of time, including volcanic ash layers and soil development in subaerial environments; and varve-like beds and pelagic mud layers in lacustrine and marine settings. Evidence also comes from the glacial Lake Missoula basin, where stratigraphy indicates dozens of filling and emptying cycles. Varve counts in conjunction of radiocarbon dating and paleomagnetic secular variation show the repeated filling-and-release cycles of glacial Lake Missoula had intervals possibly as long as 100 years early in the lake’s history but diminished to just one or two years for the last few floods. This behavior accords with jökulhlaup-style floods released by subglacial drainage from a self-dumping ice-dammed lake. But not yet clear is whether such a mechanism applies to all the floods or if some emptied more cataclysmically as hypothesized by some.
Radiocarbon dating of sparse organic materials remains key to defining flood chronology but has been lately bolstered by analyses of terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides and optically stimulated luminescence. Varve counts and paleomagnetic secular variation studies help to define durations and intervals represented by sequences of flood beds. The ~16 ka Mount St. Helens Set S tephra is commonly interbedded within flood deposits, enabling correlation of deposits among sites. Tephra from the 13.7–13.4 ka eruption of Glacier Peak overlies all glacial Lake Missoula and Missoula flood deposits, defining an end time. Overall conclusions are that glacial Lake Missoula was extant and producing floods for at least 3–4 ky during 20–14 ka. At least ~75 floods preceded Mount St Helens Set S, followed by 30 or more after the tephra fall. Most floods entered glacial Lake Columbia, impounded by the Okanogan lobe, for 2–5 ky between about 18.5 and 15 ka. Glacial Lake Columbia outlived Lake Missoula by >200–400 yr but may have been born later since at least one flood came down the Columbia valley before the Okanogan ice lobe blocked the Columbia valley at 18.5–18 ka. The maximum extent of the Okanogan and Purcell Trench lobes, many Missoula floods, substantial erosion of upper Grand Coulee, and the widespread tephra falls from Mount St. Helens eruptions all happened about 17–15 ka. People, in the area since 16.6–15.3 ka, almost certainly witnessed the last of the Missoula floods and later large floods from other ice-dammed lakes in the Columbia River basin.
Quantitative flow analyses give peak discharge estimates and support understanding of erosional and depositional processes. The first flow assessments were simple cross-section calculations but recent assessments employ two-dimensional hydrodynamic models. The general finding is that emplacement of the maximum stage evidence requires about 20 million m3/s near the Lake Missoula outlet and about 5–15 million m3/s through Wallula Gap and downstream in the Columbia River Gorge. These hydraulic analyses raise still-unresolved questions regarding canyon erosion and possible additional water sources.
The large Pleistocene Bonneville flood entered the Columbia River system from the southeast from pluvial Lake Bonneville, the Pleistocene predecessor to Great Salt Lake in the eastern Great Basin. During the last glacial, the lake basin filled, covering >50,000 km2 with 10,400 km3 of water before reaching its maximum possible stage governed by Red Rock Pass, the lowest divide separating the basin from the Snake River basin to the north. The overtopping lake rapidly incised 108–125 m into the Red Rock Pass outlet, spilling half of its total lake volume. G.K. Gilbert described the essential sequence in the 1870s, but the flood was mostly forgotten until the late 1950s when Harold Malde linked the spectacular scabland topography and bouldery “melon gravel” on the Snake River Plain to the Lake Bonneville overflow. The Bonneville flood appears to have been a singular event at about 18 ka. No evidence of multiple or pre-last-glacial spillovers has yet been found. Its total volume was about twice that of a maximum Lake Missoula flood yet its peak discharge was ~1 million m3/s, less than a tenth of the largest Missoula floods. Its comparatively simple flow path and much steadier flow make the Bonneville flood ideal for new studies of erosional and depositional processes.
At least two floods seem to have passed down the Columbia valley after the last of the Missoula floods, including a large flood about ~14 ka likely from cataclysmic demise of the thinning Okanogan ice lobe dam impounding glacial Lake Columbia. Floods from earlier glacial ages left scant yet clear evidence in the Channeled Scabland and Columbia valley. But their source, timing, and magnitudes are little understood. Some deposits are paleomagnetically reversed, thus older than ~800 ka. Last-glacial floods and perhaps older ones affected the Snake River Plain, some likely sourced in lakes dammed by alpine glaciers in central Idaho.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103181","usgsCitation":"O'Connor, J., Baker, V.R., Waitt, R.B., Smith, L.N., Cannon, C.M., George, D.L., and Denlinger, R.P., 2020, The Missoula and Bonneville floods—A review of ice-age megafloods in the Columbia River basin: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 208, 103181, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103181.","productDescription":"103181, 51 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117652","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456992,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00624/73634/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":382128,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.76171875,\n 45.73685954736049\n ],\n [\n -116.4111328125,\n 45.73685954736049\n ],\n [\n -116.4111328125,\n 48.31242790407178\n ],\n [\n -120.76171875,\n 48.31242790407178\n ],\n [\n -120.76171875,\n 45.73685954736049\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"208","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Connor, Jim E. 0000-0002-7928-5883 oconnor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-5883","contributorId":140771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"Jim E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":808089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, Victor R.","contributorId":201141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waitt, Richard B. 0000-0002-6392-5604 waitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6392-5604","contributorId":2343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waitt","given":"Richard","email":"waitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Larry N","contributorId":247679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"N","affiliations":[{"id":49605,"text":"Montana Technological University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cannon, Charles M. 0000-0003-4136-2350 ccannon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4136-2350","contributorId":247680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Charles","email":"ccannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"George, David L. 0000-0002-5726-0255 dgeorge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5726-0255","contributorId":3120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"David","email":"dgeorge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Denlinger, Roger P. 0000-0003-0930-0635 roger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-0635","contributorId":2679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denlinger","given":"Roger","email":"roger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70209671,"text":"ofr20201023 - 2020 - Design and methods of the California stream quality assessment (CSQA), 2017","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-27T12:01:20.795249","indexId":"ofr20201023","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-21T14:01:19","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-1023","displayTitle":"Design and Methods of the California Stream Quality Assessment (CSQA), 2017","title":"Design and methods of the California stream quality assessment (CSQA), 2017","docAbstract":"During 2017, as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Project, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted the California Stream Quality Assessment to investigate the quality of streams in the Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains ecoregion, United States. The goal of the California Stream Quality Assessment study was to assess the health of wadeable streams in the region by characterizing multiple water-quality factors that are stressors to aquatic biota and by evaluating the relation between these stressors and biological indicators of stream health. Urbanization, agriculture, and modifications to streamflow are anthropogenic changes that affect water quality in the region; consequently, the study design primarily targeted sites and specific stressors associated with these activities. For the study, 85 stream sites were selected to represent the types and intensity of land use in the watershed; categories of site types were undeveloped, urban (low, medium, high), agriculture (low, high), and mixed (urban and agriculture). Most sites (about 70 percent) represent a gradient of urbanization from undeveloped to 99-percent urbanized. At most of the sites, streamgages or pressure transducers were used to monitor stream discharge and stage, as well as temperature. Water-quality samples were collected routinely at all sites and were analyzed for major ions, organic contaminants, nutrients, and suspended sediment. Sampling frequency varied on the basis of site type and location. Discrete water samples were collected weekly and generally 6 times per site, except for 11 undeveloped sites that were sampled only 4 times (during the last 4 weeks). Water sampling began at sites in the southern part of the study on March 13, 2017, and at sites in the northern part of the study on April 3, 2017. Passive samplers were deployed at most sites for measurement of polar organic contaminants (pesticides and pharmaceuticals). In May 2017, coincident with completion of water-quality sampling, an ecological survey was conducted at each site to assess benthic algal and macroinvertebrate communities and instream habitat. During the ecological surveys, a single composite streambed-sediment sample was collected for chemical analysis and toxicity testing. In addition, a few focused studies were done at subsets of sites, namely, measuring pesticides using small-volume automated samplers, measuring pesticides in biofilms, and sampling suspended sediments using passive samplers. This report describes the various study components and methods of the California Stream Quality Assessment, including measurements of water quality, sediment chemistry, habitat assessments, and ecological surveys, as well as procedures for sample analysis, quality assurance and quality control, and data management.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201023","collaboration":"National Water Quality Program","usgsCitation":"May, J.T., Nowell, L.H., Coles, J.F., Button, D.T., Bell, A.H., Qi, S.L., and Van Metre, P.C., 2020, Design and methods of the California stream quality assessment, 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1023, 88 p.,","productDescription":"Report: x, 88 p.; 1 Table","numberOfPages":"88","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-105445","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374128,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1023/ofr20201023.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":374127,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1023/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":374197,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1023/ofr20201023_app_table_1.1.xlsx","text":"Table 1.1","size":"30 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"linkHelpText":" - Sampling matrix for the 85 sites used in the U.S. Geological Survey California Stream Quality Assessment in 2017."}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.34423828125,\n 34.50655662164561\n ],\n [\n -119.267578125,\n 34.95799531086792\n ],\n [\n -121.4208984375,\n 37.78808138412046\n ],\n [\n -122.10205078125,\n 39.14710270770074\n ],\n [\n -122.25585937500001,\n 39.41922073655956\n ],\n [\n -123.48632812499999,\n 38.85682013474361\n ],\n [\n -122.67333984374999,\n 37.87485339352928\n ],\n [\n -122.05810546875,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -121.79443359375,\n 36.65079252503471\n ],\n [\n -121.9482421875,\n 36.61552763134925\n ],\n [\n -121.83837890625,\n 36.155617833818525\n ],\n [\n -121.26708984374999,\n 35.585851593232356\n ],\n [\n -120.58593749999999,\n 35.04798673426734\n ],\n [\n -120.5419921875,\n 34.488447837809304\n ],\n [\n -120.34423828125,\n 34.50655662164561\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
1) Interannual variability of seed crops (CVp) has profound consequences for plant populations and food webs, where high CVp is termed ‘masting’. Here we ask: is global variation in CVp better predicted by plant or habitat differences consistent with adaptive economies of scale, in which flower and seed benefits increase disproportionately during mast years; or to passive mechanisms, in which seed production responds to variation in resource availability associated with climate variability?
2) To address this question, we compiled a dataset for phylogenetic comparative analysis of long-term fruit/seed production for plants comprising 920 time-series spanning 311 plant species.
3) Factors associated with both adaptive benefits of CVp (wind pollination and seed dispersal) and climatic variability (variability of summer precipitation) were among the best predictors of global variation in CVp. We observed a hump-shaped relationship between CVp and latitude and intermediate phylogenetic and geographic signals in CVp.
4) CVp is patterned non-randomly across the globe and over the plant tree of life, where high CVp is associated with species benefiting from economies of scale of seed or flower production and with species that experience variable rainfall over summer months when seeds usually mature.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/nph.16617","usgsCitation":"Pearse, I., LaMontagne, J., Lordon, M., Hipp, A., and Koenig, W.D., 2020, Biogeography and phylogeny of masting: Do global patterns fit functional hypotheses?: New Phytologist, v. 227, no. 5, p. 1557-1567, https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16617.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1557","endPage":"1567","ipdsId":"IP-106437","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456994,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16617","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437017,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9U7278U","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data on interannual seed set variation, weather, and reproductive traits for global plants"},{"id":377406,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"227","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearse, Ian S. 0000-0001-7098-0495","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7098-0495","contributorId":211154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Ian","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaMontagne, Jalene M.","contributorId":223096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaMontagne","given":"Jalene","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36623,"text":"DePaul University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lordon, Michael","contributorId":228860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lordon","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36623,"text":"DePaul University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hipp, Andrew","contributorId":219598,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hipp","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37343,"text":"The Morton Arboretum","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koenig, Walter D.","contributorId":46255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koenig","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":795878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70216404,"text":"70216404 - 2020 - FiCli, the Fish and Climate Change Database, informs climate adaptation and management for freshwater fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T15:34:12.008748","indexId":"70216404","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-21T09:03:28","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3907,"text":"Scientific Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"FiCli, the Fish and Climate Change Database, informs climate adaptation and management for freshwater fishes","docAbstract":"Inland fishes provide important ecosystem services to communities worldwide and are especially vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Fish respond to climate change in diverse and nuanced ways, which creates challenges for practitioners of fish conservation, climate change adaptation, and management. Although climate change is known to affect fish globally, a comprehensive online, public database of how climate change has impacted inland fishes worldwide and adaptation or management practices that may address these impacts does not exist. We conducted an extensive, systematic primary literature review to identify peer-reviewed journal publications describing projected and documented examples of climate change impacts on inland fishes. From this standardized Fish and Climate Change database, FiCli (pronounced fick-lee), researchers and managers can query fish families, species, response types, or geographic locations to obtain summary information on inland fish responses to climate change and recommended management actions. The FiCli database is updatable and provides access to comprehensive published information to inform inland fish conservation and adaptation planning in a changing climate.
Rangeland managers need tools to control invasive annual grasses, particularly following wildfire. We assessed responses of native and invasive/exotic grasses to the MB906 soil amendment containing live cultures of a purportedly weed-suppressive strain of the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens (“WSB”). MB906 was applied alone and in combination with the pre-emergent herbicide imazapic on >3000 ha across three sagebrush-steppe landscapes burned several months prior. Replicate plots of each treatment type were established and plant cover was measured in the following three years. Cover of invasive-annual grasses (“IAG”) was not responsive to MB906 when all IAG species were considered (“IAG-All”). However, MB906 led to a 54% reduction in the IAG's that were previously reported to be controlled by WSB (“IAG-Target”) in the second year following application (IAG-Target = cheatgrass, Bromus tectorum and medusahead, Taeniatherum caput-medusae; IAG-All also includes Vulpia myuros and Bromus arvensis). MB906 reduced the effectiveness of co-applied imazapic: Imazapic alone reduced IAG-All by 83% and 68% in years 1 and 2, respectively, while imazapic+MB906 reduced IAG-All by 48% and 38% in years 1 and 2, respectively, across all landscapes, and a similar response pattern was observed for IAG-Target. Perennial grass cover was unaffected by the treatments except where it increased 4-fold in response to imazapic applied at a high rate (0.140 kg a.i. ha−1) in one of the landscapes. Tank mixing MB906 and herbicide may have lessened the biological activity of the herbicide by altering the pH or mineral content of the spray solution or by direct metabolism of the herbicide by the bacteria. These results do not provide strong support for MB906 as a tool for annual grass control, though they suggest further investigation may be warranted.
Most state and provincial fish and wildlife agencies have access to important information about patterns in sportsperson participation through their license databases. Using transaction data from Nebraska Game and Parks Commission's electronic hunting and fishing license system, we tracked license purchases of Nebraska, USA, resident license holders in 2010 through 2017. We categorized sportspersons by gender and yearly purchases as hunting only (Hunter), fishing only (Angler), a combination of hunting and fishing (Hunter–Angler), or no purchases (Inactive). The probability of movement among active sportsperson groups was limited and varied little based on initial group participation. The Angler group had the greatest probability of an individual transitioning to the Inactive group (females = 0.39; males = 0.33). The Hunter–Angler group had the greatest probability of an individual remaining within the same group (females = 0.65; males = 0.76). There was a relatively low probability of an individual in the Hunter group moving to the Angler group and vice versa (≤0.02). The sportsperson population is dynamic and understanding patterns of sportsperson participation is important for the future of fish and wildlife management in North America. Using data readily available to most fish and wildlife agencies has the potential to significantly improve our understanding of hunter and angler participation and aid management agencies and conservation organizations in the development of more effective strategies for managing sportspersons. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Background
Biological controls with predators of larval mosquito vectors have historically focused almost exclusively on insectivorous animals, with few studies examining predatory plants as potential larvacidal agents. In this study, we experimentally evaluate a generalist plant predator of North America, Utricularia macrorhiza, the common bladderwort, and evaluate its larvacidal efficiency for the mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in no-choice, laboratory experiments. We sought to determine first, whether U. macrorhiza is a competent predator of container-breeding mosquitoes, and second, its predation efficiency for early and late instar larvae of each mosquito species.
Methods
Newly hatched, first instar Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti larvae were separately exposed in cohorts of 10 to field collected U. macrorhiza cuttings. Data on development time and larval survival were collected on a daily basis to ascertain the effectiveness of U. macrorhiza as a larval predator. Survival models were used to assess differences in larval survival between cohorts that were exposed to U. macrorhiza and those that were not. A permutation analysis was used to investigate whether storing U. macrorhiza in laboratory conditions for extended periods of time (1 month vs. 6 months) affected its predation efficiency.
Results
Our results indicated a 100% and 95% reduction of survival of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus larvae respectively, in the presence of U. macrorhiza relative to controls within five days, with peak larvacidal efficiency in plant cuttings from ponds collected in August. Utricularia macrorhiza cuttings, which were prey-deprived, and maintained in laboratory conditions for 6 months were more effective larval predators than cuttings, which were maintained prey-free for 1 month.
Conclusions
Due to the combination of high predation efficiency and the unique biological feature of facultative predation, we suggest that U. macrorhiza warrants further development as a method for larval mosquito control.