Barriers to migration are numerous in stream environments and can occur from anthropogenic activities (such as dams and culverts) or natural processes (such as log jams or dams constructed by beaver (Castor canadensis)). Identification of barriers can be difficult when obstructions are temporary or incomplete providing passage periodically. We examine the effect of several small irrigation diversion dams on the recent migration rates of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in three tributaries to the Methow River, Washington. The three basins had different recent migration patterns: Beaver Creek did not have any recent migration between sites, Libby Creek had two-way migration between sites and Gold Creek had downstream migration between sites. Sites with migration were significantly different from sites without migration in distance, number of obstructions, obstruction height to depth ratio and maximum stream gradient. When comparing the sites without migration in Beaver Creek to the sites with migration in Libby and Gold creeks, the number of obstructions was the only significant variable. Multinomial logistic regression identified obstruction height to depth ratio and maximum stream gradient as the best fitting model to predict the level of migration among sites. Small irrigation diversion dams were limiting population interactions in Beaver Creek and collectively blocking steelhead migration into the stream. Variables related to stream resistance (gradient, obstruction number and obstruction height to depth ratio) were better predictors of recent migration rates than distance, and can provide important insight into migration and population demographic processes in lotic species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10592-013-0513-8","usgsCitation":"Weigel, D.E., Connolly, P., and Powell, M.S., 2013, The impact of small irrigation diversion dams on the recent migration rates of steelhead and redband trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Conservation Genetics, v. 14, no. 6, p. 1255-1267, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-013-0513-8.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1255","endPage":"1267","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043681","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280266,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Methow Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.7857,45.5486 ], [ -124.7857,49.0024 ], [ -116.9156,49.0024 ], [ -116.9156,45.5486 ], [ -124.7857,45.5486 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"14","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd780ee4b0b2908510be61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weigel, Dana E.","contributorId":79389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weigel","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connolly, Patrick J. 0000-0001-7365-7618 pconnolly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7365-7618","contributorId":2920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connolly","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pconnolly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powell, Madison S.","contributorId":33609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Madison","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70056154,"text":"ofr20121007 - 2013 - National assessment of shoreline change: historical shoreline change along the Pacific Northwest coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-06T11:40:13","indexId":"ofr20121007","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-09T08:55:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1007","title":"National assessment of shoreline change: historical shoreline change along the Pacific Northwest coast","docAbstract":"Beach erosion is a chronic problem along most open ocean shores of the United States. As coastal populations continue to increase and infrastructure is threatened by erosion, there is increased demand for accurate information regarding past and present trends and rates of shoreline movement. There is also a need for a comprehensive analysis of shoreline movement that is consistent from one coastal region to another. To meet these national needs, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is conducting an analysis of historical shoreline changes along the open-ocean sandy shores of the conterminous United States and parts of Hawaii, Alaska, and the Great Lakes. One purpose of this work is to develop standard, repeatable methods for mapping and analyzing shoreline movement so that periodic, systematic, and internally consistent updates regarding coastal erosion and land loss can be made nationally. In the case of the analysis of shoreline change in the Pacific Northwest (PNW), the shoreline is the interpreted boundary between the ocean water surface and the sandy beach.
\nThis report on the PNW coasts of Oregon and Washington is the seventh in a series of regionally focused reports on historical shoreline change. Previous investigations include analyses and descriptive reports of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico (Morton and others, 2004), the southeastern Atlantic (Morton and Miller, 2005), the sandy shorelines (Hapke and others, 2006) and coastal cliffs (Hapke and Reid, 2007) of California, the New England and mid-Atlantic coasts (Hapke and others, 2011), and parts of the Hawaii coast (Fletcher and others, 2012). Like the earlier reports in this series, this report summarizes the methods of analysis, interprets the results of the analysis, provides explanations regarding long- and short-term trends and rates of shoreline change, and describes how different coastal communities are responding to coastal erosion. This report differs from the early USGS reports in the series in that those shoreline change analyses incorporated only four total shorelines to represent specific time periods. This assessment of the PNW incorporates all available shorelines that meet minimum quality standards for resolution and positional accuracy. Shoreline change evaluations are based on a comparison of historical shoreline positions digitized from maps or aerial photographic data sources with recent shorelines, at least one of which is derived from lidar surveys. The historical shorelines cover a variety of time periods ranging from the 1800s through the 1980s, whereas the lidar shoreline is from 2002. Long-term rates of change are calculated using all available shoreline data and short-term rates of change are calculated using the lidar shoreline and the historical shoreline that will produce an assessment for a 15- to 35-year period. The rates of change presented in this report represent conditions up to the date of only the most recent shoreline data and therefore are not intended for predicting future shoreline positions or rates of change.
\nThe PNW coast was subdivided into eight analysis regions for the purpose of graphically reporting regional trends in shoreline change rates. The average rate of long-term shoreline change for the entire PNW coast was 0.9 meter per year (m/yr) of progradation with an uncertainty of 0.07 m/yr. This rate is based on 8,823 individual transects, of which 36 percent was determined to be eroding. Long-term shoreline change was generally more progradational in Washington than in Oregon. This is primarily due to the influence of the Columbia River and human perturbations to the natural system, particularly the construction of jetties at both the mouth of the Columbia River and at Grays Harbor, Washington. The majority of the beaches in southwestern Washington have responded to these large-scale engineered structures by experiencing dramatic beach progradation during the past century. Although these beaches are still responding to the human effects, in several locations beaches that had been rapidly prograding are now either prograding at a slower rate or eroding.
\nThe average rate of short-term shoreline change in the PNW was also progradational at a rate of 0.9 m/yr with an uncertainty of 0.03 m/yr. This rate is based on 9,087 individual transects, of which 44 percent was determined to be eroding. Similar to the results of the long-term shoreline change analysis, the shorelines in Washington were typically more progradational than those in Oregon in the short term. However, many stretches of coast in Oregon are either less accretional, changed from accretional to erosional, or more erosional when comparing the long- and short-term rate calculations. In the long and short term, there are significantly different historical shoreline change trends for beaches deriving their modern sediments from the Columbia River in southwestern Washington and northwestern Oregon, and beaches elsewhere in the PNW. The majority of shorelines in Oregon and in Washington’s Olympic Peninsula are not influenced by the human effects to the Columbia River littoral cell and typically have not experienced the human-induced century-scale trends apparent in southwestern Washington and northwestern Oregon.
\nAn increase in erosion hazards in much of Oregon may be related to the effects of sea-level rise and increasing storm wave heights. Of importance, particularly in the short term, is the alongshore variability in land uplift rates due to tectonics, which results in an alongshore varying rate of relative sea level rise that appears to at least partially control the regional variability in short-term shoreline change rates. Other climate related processes, such as the occurrence of major El Niño events, also significantly affect the shoreline changes in the region. Major El Niño events elevate monthly mean sea levels by tens of centimeters throughout the winter and produce a shift in the storm tracks, resulting in alongshore redistributions in sand volumes on the beaches, leading to hotspot beach erosion and property losses north of headlands and tidal inlets to bays and estuaries. There are limited modern-day sources of sand to Oregon’s beaches, with much of the sand being relict in having arrived thousands of years ago at a time of lowered sea levels when headlands did not prevent the alongshore movement of the beach sediments, the result being that many beaches today are deficient in sand volumes and therefore do not provide sufficient buffer protection to backshore properties during winter storms.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121007","usgsCitation":"Ruggerio, P., Kratzmann, M., Himmelstoss, E., Reid, D., Allan, J., and Kaminsky, G., 2013, National assessment of shoreline change: historical shoreline change along the Pacific Northwest coast: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1007, xi, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121007.","productDescription":"xi, 61 p.","numberOfPages":"76","ipdsId":"IP-034232","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280213,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121007.jpg"},{"id":280211,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1007/"},{"id":280212,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1007/pdf/ofr2012-1007.pdf"}],"scale":"70000","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Oregon;Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River;Olympic Peninsula;Pacific Northwest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -125.97,41.87 ], [ -125.97,48.65 ], [ -121.2,48.65 ], [ -121.2,41.87 ], [ -125.97,41.87 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52a717f3e4b0de1a6d2d96f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruggerio, Peter","contributorId":67403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruggerio","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kratzmann, Meredith G.","contributorId":11565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kratzmann","given":"Meredith G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Himmelstoss, Emily A.","contributorId":24736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Himmelstoss","given":"Emily A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reid, David","contributorId":63888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allan, Jonathan","contributorId":46847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allan","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[{"id":7198,"text":"Oregon Department Geology and Mineral Industries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":486355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kaminsky, George","contributorId":60262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaminsky","given":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70049013,"text":"pp1798F - 2013 - Sediment transport and deposition in the lower Missouri River during the 2011 flood","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70049013,"text":"pp1798F - 2013 - Sediment transport and deposition in the lower Missouri River during the 2011 flood","indexId":"pp1798F","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"chapter":"F","title":"Sediment transport and deposition in the lower Missouri River during the 2011 flood"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70047427,"text":"pp1798 - 2013 - 2011 floods of the central United States","indexId":"pp1798","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"2011 floods of the central United States"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70047427,"text":"pp1798 - 2013 - 2011 floods of the central United States","indexId":"pp1798","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"2011 floods of the central United States"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-18T13:22:32.765683","indexId":"pp1798F","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-06T14:21:49","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1798","chapter":"F","title":"Sediment transport and deposition in the lower Missouri River during the 2011 flood","docAbstract":"Floodwater in the Missouri River in 2011 originated in upper-basin regions and tributaries, and then travelled through a series of large flood-control reservoirs, setting records for total runoff volume entering all six Missouri River main-stem reservoirs. The flooding lasted as long as 3 months. The U.S Geological Survey (USGS) examined sediment transport and deposition in the lower Missouri River in 2011 to investigate how the geography of floodwater sources, in particular the decanting effects of the Missouri River main-stem reservoir system, coupled with the longitudinal characteristics of civil infrastructure and valley-bottom topography, affected sediment transport and deposition in this large, regulated river system. During the flood conditions in 2011, the USGS, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, monitored suspended-sediment transport at six primary streamgages along the length of the lower Missouri River. Measured suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) in the lower Missouri River varied from approximately 150 milligrams per liter (mg/L) to 2,000 mg/L from January 1 to September 30, 2011. Median SSC increased in the downstream direction from 355 mg/L at Sioux City, Iowa, to 490 mg/L at Hermann, Missouri. The highest SSCs were measured downstream from Omaha, Nebraska, in late February when snowmelt runoff from tributaries, which were draining zones of high-sediment production, was entering the lower Missouri River, and releases of water at Gavins Point Dam were small. The combination of dilute releases of water at Gavins Point Dam and low streamflows in lower Missouri River tributaries caused sustained lowering of SSC at all streamgages from early July through late August. Suspended-sediment ranged from 5 percent washload (PW; percent silt and clay) to as much as 98 percent in the lower Missouri River from January 1 to September 30, 2011. Median PW increased in the downstream direction from 24 percent at Sioux City, Iowa, to 78 percent at Hermann, Missouri. Measurements made in early January, when SSC was low, indicate that suspended sediment mostly was composed of bed material, but by mid-February, runoff from the plains caused PW to increase at most streamgages. Total suspended-sediment discharge (SSD) during water year 2011 at the selected streamgages in the lower Missouri River ranged from approximately 29 to 64 million tons. Total estimated SSD had the lowest exceedance frequencies in the reaches between Gavins Point Dam and Nebraska City, Nebraska, but exceedance frequencies increased substantially downstream. In 2011, total SSD with low exceedance frequencies were reported at Sioux City, Iowa, Omaha, Nebraska, and Nebraska City, Nebraska, despite moderate-to-high exceedance frequencies for annual average SSC, indicating that the duration of high-magnitude flooding was the primary driver of total SSD. Comparison of median SSC for samples from water year 2011 with samples in the 20 years prior indicated that median SSC for high-action streamflows (streamflows likely to produce a stage exceeding the National Weather Service’s “action stage”) in 2011 were lower than those typical for high-action streamflows. Multiple-comparison analysis indicated that median SSC values for low-action streamflows (streamflows likely to produce stages lower than the National Weather Service’s “action stage”) and high-action streamflows sampled in 2011 at 4 of 6 streamgages were not significantly distinguishable from median SSC values for low-action streamflows in the previous 20 years. Longitudinal comparison of streamflow and SSD exceedance frequencies for 2011 with corresponding frequencies for 2008 and 1993 indicated the important role of tributary contributions to total SSD in the lower Missouri River. In 1993 and 2008, tributaries were the primary source of floodwater in the lower Missouri River, which resulted in a 20-fold increase in total SSD from Sioux City, Iowa, to Hermann, Missouri. In 2011, releases at Gavins Point Dam were the primary source of floodwater in the lower Missouri River, and total SSD at Hermann, Missouri, was only twice that estimated for Sioux City, Iowa. Sand deposition was estimated using analysis of multispectral satellite imagery collected in October and November 2011. Distributions of sand in the flood plain of the lower Missouri River also were quantified in relation to distance from the banks of the main channel for seven discrete river segments bounded by Gavins Point Dam and selected downstream tributaries. The areal extent of overbank flooding and flood-plain sand deposits increased downstream from Sioux City, Iowa to a broad peak near Rulo, Nebraska, and then decreased to levels near the lower limit of quantification downstream from Kansas City, Missouri. Most of the flood plain inundation and sediment-deposition damage to agricultural fields was observed between river miles 480 and 700, where 2011 peak streamflows had low exceedance frequencies, and the lower Missouri River channel was less incised or had aggraded recently. As channel capacity increased in the downstream direction, the relative magnitude of the flood decreased downstream, and overbank flooding was less extensive. In the constricted reaches, flood-plain sand deposits mainly were observed in association with levee breaks.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1798F","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Alexander, J.S., Jacobson, R.B., and Rus, D.L., 2013, Sediment transport and deposition in the lower Missouri River during the 2011 flood: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1798, Report: v, 27 p.; Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1798F.","productDescription":"Report: v, 27 p.; Dataset","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045437","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280217,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1798f/"},{"id":324790,"rank":4,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7BG2M2N","text":"Missouri River 2011 Regional Sand Floodplain"},{"id":280219,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp1798f.jpg"},{"id":280218,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1798f/pdf/pp1798f.pdf","text":"Report","description":"PP 1798-F"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.51074218749999,\n 48.96579381461063\n ],\n [\n -113.04931640625,\n 44.96479793033104\n ],\n [\n -108.544921875,\n 41.918628865183045\n ],\n [\n -106.69921875,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -105.732421875,\n 38.87392853923629\n ],\n [\n -94.63623046875,\n 37.75334401310656\n ],\n [\n -93.44970703125,\n 37.07271048132946\n ],\n [\n -90.966796875,\n 37.020098201368114\n ],\n [\n -89.89013671875,\n 38.70265930723801\n ],\n [\n -92.900390625,\n 40.6306300839918\n ],\n [\n -94.658203125,\n 43.51668853502909\n ],\n [\n -97.18505859374999,\n 45.98169518512228\n ],\n [\n -98.5693359375,\n 48.1367666796927\n ],\n [\n -99.77783203125,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -113.51074218749999,\n 48.96579381461063\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52a64071e4b0a6d695882675","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alexander, Jason S. 0000-0002-1602-482X jalexand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1602-482X","contributorId":2802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Jason","email":"jalexand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rus, David L. 0000-0003-3538-7826 dlrus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3538-7826","contributorId":881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rus","given":"David","email":"dlrus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70058474,"text":"ofr20131246 - 2013 - Geomorphic and vegetation processes of the Willamette River floodplain, Oregon: current understanding and unanswered science questions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-24T15:36:58","indexId":"ofr20131246","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-06T09:29:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1246","title":"Geomorphic and vegetation processes of the Willamette River floodplain, Oregon: current understanding and unanswered science questions","docAbstract":"This report summarizes the current understanding of floodplain processes and landforms for the Willamette River and its major tributaries. The area of focus encompasses the main stem Willamette River above Newberg and the portions of the Coast Fork Willamette, Middle Fork Willamette, McKenzie, and North, South and main stem Santiam Rivers downstream of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dams. These reaches constitute a large portion of the alluvial, salmon-bearing rivers in the Willamette Basin.
\nThe geomorphic, or historical, floodplain of these rivers has two zones - the active channel where coarse sediment is mobilized and transported during annual flooding and overbank areas where fine sediment is deposited during higher magnitude floods. Historically, characteristics of the rivers and geomorphic floodplain (including longitudinal patterns in channel complexity and the abundance of side channels, islands and gravel bars) were controlled by the interactions between floods and the transport of coarse sediment and large wood. Local channel responses to these interactions were then shaped by geologic features like bedrock outcrops and variations in channel slope.
\nOver the last 150 years, floods and the transport of coarse sediment and large wood have been substantially reduced in the basin. With dam regulation, nearly all peak flows are now confined to the main channels. Large floods (greater than 10-year recurrence interval prior to basinwide flow regulation) have been largely eliminated. Also, the magnitude and frequency of small floods (events that formerly recurred every 2–10 years) have decreased substantially. The large dams trap an estimated 50–60 percent of bed-material sediment—the building block of active channel habitats—that historically entered the Willamette River. They also trap more than 80 percent of the estimated bed material in the lower South Santiam River and Middle and Coast Forks of the Willamette River. Downstream, revetments further decrease bed-material supply by an unknown amount because they limit bank erosion and entrainment of stored sediment.
\nThe rivers, geomorphic floodplain, and vegetation within the study area have changed noticeably in response to the alterations in floods and coarse sediment and wood transport. Widespread decreases have occurred in the rates of meander migration and avulsions and the number and diversity of landforms such as gravel bars, islands, and side channels. Dynamic and, in some cases, multi-thread river segments have become stable, single-thread channels. Preliminary observations suggest that forest area has increased within the active channel, further reducing the area of unvegetated gravel bars.
\nAlterations to floods and sediment transport and ongoing channel, floodplain, and vegetation responses result in a modern Willamette River Basin. Here, the floodplain influenced by the modern flow and sediment regimes, or the functional floodplain, is narrower and inset with the broader and older geomorphic floodplain. The functional floodplain is flanked by higher elevation relict floodplain features that are no longer inundated by modern floods. The corridor of present- day active channel surfaces is narrower, enabling riparian vegetation to establish on formerly active gravel bar surfaces.
\nThe modern Willamette River Basin with its fundamental changes in the flood, sediment transport, and large wood regimes has implications for future habitat conditions. System-wide future trends probably include narrower floodplains and a lower diversity of landforms and habitats along the Willamette River and its major tributaries compared to historical patterns and today.
\nFurthermore, specific conditions and future trends will probably vary between geologically stable, anthropogenically stable, and dynamic reaches. The middle and lower segments of the Willamette River are geologically stable, whereas the South Santiam and Middle Fork Willamette Rivers were historically dynamic, but are now largely stable in response to flow regulation and revetment construction. The upper Willamette and North Santiam Rivers retain some dynamic characteristics, and provide the greatest diversity of aquatic and riparian habitats under the current flow and sediment regime. The McKenzie River has some areas that are more dynamic, whereas other sections are stable due to geology or revetments.
\nHistorical reductions in channel dynamism also have implications for ongoing and future recruitment and succession of floodplain forests. For instance, the succession of native plants like black cottonwood is currently limited by (1) fewer low-elevation gravel bars for stand initiation; (2) altered streamflow during seed release, germination, and stand initiation; (3) competition from introduced plant species; and (4) frequent erosion of young vegetation in some locations because scouring flows are concentrated within a narrow channel corridor.
\nDespite past alterations, the Willamette River Basin has many of the physical and ecological building blocks necessary for highly functioning rivers. Management strategies, including environmental flow programs, river and floodplain restoration, revetment modifications, and reclamation of gravel mines, are underway to mitigate some historical changes. However, there are some substantial gaps in the scientific understanding of the modern Willamette basin that is needed to efficiently integrate these blocks and to establish realistic objectives for future conditions. Unanswered questions include:
\n\n1. What is the distribution and diversity of landforms and habitats along the Willamette River and its tributaries?
\n2. What is the extent of today’s functional floodplain—the part of the river corridor actively formed and modified by fluvial processes?
\n3. How are landforms and habitats in the Willamette River Basin created and sustained by present-day flow and sediment conditions?
\n4. How is the succession of native floodplain vegetation shaped by present-day flow and sediment conditions?
Answering these questions will produce baseline data on the current distributions of landforms and habitats (question 1), the extent of the functional floodplain (question 2), and the effects of modern flow and sediment regimes on future floodplain landforms, habitats, and vegetation succession (questions 3 and 4). Addressing questions 1 and 2 is a logical next step because they underlie questions 3 and 4. Addressing these four questions would better characterize the modern Willamette Basin and help in implementing and setting realistic targets for ongoing management strategies, demonstrating their effectiveness at the site and basin scales, and anticipating future trends and conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131246","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Benton County Soil and Water Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Wallick, J., Jones, K.L., O'Connor, J., Keith, M., Hulse, D., and Gregory, S.V., 2013, Geomorphic and vegetation processes of the Willamette River floodplain, Oregon: current understanding and unanswered science questions: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1246, vi, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131246.","productDescription":"vi, 70 p.","numberOfPages":"79","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049307","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280210,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131246.jpg"},{"id":280208,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1246/"},{"id":280209,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1246/pdf/ofr2013-1246.pdf"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Oregon","city":"Newberg","otherGeospatial":"Mckenzie River;Santiam River;Willamette Basin;Willamette River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.4202,42.9986 ], [ -124.4202,46.077 ], [ -120.9155,46.077 ], [ -120.9155,42.9986 ], [ -124.4202,42.9986 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52a64033e4b0a6d6958823f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wallick, J. Rose 0000-0002-9392-272X rosewall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9392-272X","contributorId":3583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallick","given":"J. Rose","email":"rosewall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Krista L. 0000-0002-0301-4497 kljones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0301-4497","contributorId":4550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Krista","email":"kljones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'Connor, Jim E. 0000-0002-7928-5883 oconnor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-5883","contributorId":140771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"Jim E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keith, Mackenzie K.","contributorId":16560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"Mackenzie K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hulse, David","contributorId":72290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hulse","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gregory, Stanley V.","contributorId":60528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregory","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70055692,"text":"tm6A48 - 2013 - GWM-VI: groundwater management with parallel processing for multiple MODFLOW versions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-09T09:24:19","indexId":"tm6A48","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-06T08:39:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6-A48","title":"GWM-VI: groundwater management with parallel processing for multiple MODFLOW versions","docAbstract":"Groundwater Management–Version Independent (GWM–VI) is a new version of the Groundwater Management Process of MODFLOW. The Groundwater Management Process couples groundwater-flow simulation with a capability to optimize stresses on the simulated aquifer based on an objective function and constraints imposed on stresses and aquifer state. GWM–VI extends prior versions of Groundwater Management in two significant ways—(1) it can be used with any version of MODFLOW that meets certain requirements on input and output, and (2) it is structured to allow parallel processing of the repeated runs of the MODFLOW model that are required to solve the optimization problem. GWM–VI uses the same input structure for files that describe the management problem as that used by prior versions of Groundwater Management. GWM–VI requires only minor changes to the input files used by the MODFLOW model. GWM–VI uses the Joint Universal Parameter IdenTification and Evaluation of Reliability Application Programming Interface (JUPITER-API) to implement both version independence and parallel processing. GWM–VI communicates with the MODFLOW model by manipulating certain input files and interpreting results from the MODFLOW listing file and binary output files. Nearly all capabilities of prior versions of Groundwater Management are available in GWM–VI. GWM–VI has been tested with MODFLOW-2005, MODFLOW-NWT (a Newton formulation for MODFLOW-2005), MF2005-FMP2 (the Farm Process for MODFLOW-2005), SEAWAT, and CFP (Conduit Flow Process for MODFLOW-2005). This report provides sample problems that demonstrate a range of applications of GWM–VI and the directory structure and input information required to use the parallel-processing capability.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section A: Ground water in Book 6 Modeling Techniques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm6A48","collaboration":"Groundwater Resources Program; This report is Chapter 48 of Section A: Ground water in Book 6 Modeling Techniques","usgsCitation":"Banta, E., and Ahlfeld, D.P., 2013, GWM-VI: groundwater management with parallel processing for multiple MODFLOW versions: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A48, v, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6A48.","productDescription":"v, 33 p.","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-038984","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280200,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm6a48.jpg"},{"id":280197,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/6a48/"},{"id":280199,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/6a48/pdf/tm6-a48.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52a6402ee4b0a6d6958823c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banta, Edward R.","contributorId":49820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"Edward R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ahlfeld, David P.","contributorId":49464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahlfeld","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70125299,"text":"70125299 - 2013 - Loess origin, transport, and deposition over the past 10,000 years, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-28T09:27:38","indexId":"70125299","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":666,"text":"Aeolian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Loess origin, transport, and deposition over the past 10,000 years, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park, Alaska","docAbstract":"Contemporary glaciogenic dust has not received much attention, because most research has been on glaciogenic dust of the last glacial period or non-glaciogenic dust of the present interglacial period. Nevertheless, dust from modern glaciogenic sources may be important for Fe inputs to primary producers in the ocean. Adjacent to the subarctic Pacific Ocean, we studied a loess section near Chitina, Alaska along the Copper River in Wrangell-St. Elias National Park, where dust has been accumulating over the past ∼10,000 years. Mass accumulation rates for the fine-grained (<20 μm) fraction of this loess section are among the highest reported for the Holocene of high-latitude regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Based on mineralogy and geochemistry, loess at Chitina is derived from glacial sources in the Wrangell Mountains, the Chugach Mountains, and probably the Alaska Range. Concentrations of Fe in the silt-plus-clay fraction of the loess at Chitina are much higher than in all other loess bodies in North America and higher than most loess bodies on other continents. The very fine-grained (<2 μm) portion of this sediment, capable of long-range transport, is dominated by Fe-rich chlorite, which can yield Fe readily to primary producers in the ocean. Examination of satellite imagery shows that dust from the Copper River is transported by wind on a regular basis to the North Pacific Ocean. This Alaskan example shows that high-latitude glaciogenic dust needs to be considered as a significant Fe source to primary producers in the open ocean.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2013.06.001","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D.R., Budahn, J.R., McGeehin, J.P., Bettis, E., Skipp, G.L., Paces, J.B., and Wheeler, E.A., 2013, Loess origin, transport, and deposition over the past 10,000 years, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park, Alaska: Aeolian Research, v. 11, p. 85-99, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2013.06.001.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"99","ipdsId":"IP-041338","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336171,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Wrangell-St. Elias National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149,\n 60\n ],\n [\n -142,\n 60\n ],\n [\n -142,\n 63.5\n ],\n [\n -149,\n 63.5\n ],\n [\n -149,\n 60\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b1543ae4b01ccd54fc5ea5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":1857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Budahn, James R. 0000-0001-9794-8882 jbudahn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9794-8882","contributorId":1175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budahn","given":"James","email":"jbudahn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGeehin, John P. mcgeehin@usgs.gov","contributorId":140956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGeehin","given":"John","email":"mcgeehin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bettis, E. Arthur III","contributorId":72822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettis","given":"E. Arthur","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Skipp, Gary L. 0000-0002-9404-0980 gskipp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9404-0980","contributorId":2102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skipp","given":"Gary","email":"gskipp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Paces, James B. 0000-0002-9809-8493 jbpaces@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8493","contributorId":2514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paces","given":"James","email":"jbpaces@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wheeler, Elisabeth A.","contributorId":119014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Elisabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70058009,"text":"70058009 - 2013 - Integrated carbon budget models for the Everglades terrestrial-coastal-oceanic gradient: Current status and needs for inter-site comparisons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-03T16:05:03","indexId":"70058009","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-03T15:54:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2929,"text":"Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated carbon budget models for the Everglades terrestrial-coastal-oceanic gradient: Current status and needs for inter-site comparisons","docAbstract":"Recent studies suggest that coastal ecosystems can bury significantly \nmore C than tropical forests, indicating that continued coastal development and \nexposure to sea level rise and storms will have global biogeochemical consequences. \nThe Florida Coastal Everglades Long Term Ecological Research (FCE LTER) site \nprovides an excellent subtropical system for examining carbon (C) balance because \nof its exposure to historical changes in freshwater distribution and sea level rise and \nits history of significant long-term carbon-cycling studies. FCE LTER scientists used \nnet ecosystem C balance and net ecosystem exchange data to estimate C budgets \nfor riverine mangrove, freshwater marsh, and seagrass meadows, providing insights \ninto the magnitude of C accumulation and lateral aquatic C transport. Rates of net \nC production in the riverine mangrove forest exceeded those reported for many \ntropical systems, including terrestrial forests, but there are considerable uncertainties \naround those estimates due to the high potential for gain and loss of C through \naquatic fluxes. C production was approximately balanced between gain and loss in \nEverglades marshes; however, the contribution of periphyton increases uncertainty \nin these estimates. Moreover, while the approaches used for these initial estimates \nwere informative, a resolved approach for addressing areas of uncertainty is critically \nneeded for coastal wetland ecosystems. Once resolved, these C balance estimates, \nin conjunction with an understanding of drivers and key ecosystem feedbacks, can \ninform cross-system studies of ecosystem response to long-term changes in climate, \nhydrologic management, and other land use along coastlines","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Oceanography Society","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2013.51","usgsCitation":"Troxler, T.G., Gaiser, E., Barr, J., Fuentes, J.D., Jaffe, R., Childers, D., Collado-Vides, L., Rivera-Monroy, V., Castañeda-Moya, E., Anderson, W., Chambers, R., Chen, M., Coronado-Molina, C., Davis, S., Engel, V.C., Fitz, C., Fourqurean, J., Frankovich, T., Kominoski, J., Madden, C., Malone, S.L., Oberbauer, S.F., Olivas, P., Richards, J., Saunders, C., Schedlbauer, J., Scinto, L.J., Sklar, F., Smith, T.J., Smoak, J.M., Starr, G., Twilley, R., and Whelan, K., 2013, Integrated carbon budget models for the Everglades terrestrial-coastal-oceanic gradient: Current status and needs for inter-site comparisons: Oceanography, v. 26, no. 3, p. 98-107, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2013.51.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"98","endPage":"107","ipdsId":"IP-049533","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473403,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2013.51","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280172,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280171,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2013.51"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Everglades","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.6559,25.1279 ], [ -81.6559,27.0151 ], [ -80.2167,27.0151 ], [ -80.2167,25.1279 ], [ -81.6559,25.1279 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"529efd70e4b01942f4ab8b89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Troxler, Tiffany G.","contributorId":35599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troxler","given":"Tiffany","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gaiser, Evelyn","contributorId":61727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaiser","given":"Evelyn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barr, Jordan","contributorId":58007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barr","given":"Jordan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fuentes, Jose D.","contributorId":97231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuentes","given":"Jose","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jaffe, Rudolf","contributorId":9128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Rudolf","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Childers, Daniel L.","contributorId":75816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childers","given":"Daniel L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Collado-Vides, Ligia","contributorId":13528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collado-Vides","given":"Ligia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rivera-Monroy, Victor H.","contributorId":34198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rivera-Monroy","given":"Victor H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Castañeda-Moya, Edward","contributorId":42842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castañeda-Moya","given":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Anderson, William","contributorId":106006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Chambers, Randy","contributorId":27349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chambers","given":"Randy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Chen, Meilian","contributorId":25452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Meilian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Coronado-Molina, Carlos","contributorId":46833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coronado-Molina","given":"Carlos","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Davis, Stephen E.","contributorId":73494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Stephen E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Engel, Victor C. 0000-0002-3858-7308 vengel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3858-7308","contributorId":2329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engel","given":"Victor","email":"vengel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Fitz, Carl","contributorId":15925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitz","given":"Carl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Fourqurean, James","contributorId":77038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fourqurean","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Frankovich, Tom","contributorId":32445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankovich","given":"Tom","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Kominoski, John","contributorId":36044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kominoski","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Madden, Chris","contributorId":24680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madden","given":"Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Malone, Sparkle L.","contributorId":93811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Sparkle","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Oberbauer, Steve F.","contributorId":42129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oberbauer","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Olivas, Paulo","contributorId":102783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olivas","given":"Paulo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Richards, Jennifer","contributorId":65375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Saunders, Colin","contributorId":73913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saunders","given":"Colin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Schedlbauer, Jessica","contributorId":102784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schedlbauer","given":"Jessica","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Scinto, Leonard J.","contributorId":85495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scinto","given":"Leonard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Sklar, Fred","contributorId":72295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sklar","given":"Fred","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Smith, Thomas J. III tom_j_smith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Thomas","suffix":"III","email":"tom_j_smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Smoak, Joseph M.","contributorId":32392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoak","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30},{"text":"Starr, Gregory","contributorId":100735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starr","given":"Gregory","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31},{"text":"Twilley, Robert","contributorId":27350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twilley","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":32},{"text":"Whelan, Kevin","contributorId":34035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":33}]}} ,{"id":70048992,"text":"sim3275 - 2013 - Flood-inundation maps for the DuPage River from Plainfield to Shorewood, Illinois, 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-02T15:52:35","indexId":"sim3275","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-02T15:29:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3275","title":"Flood-inundation maps for the DuPage River from Plainfield to Shorewood, Illinois, 2013","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for a 15.5-mi reach of the DuPage River from Plainfield to Shorewood, Illinois, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Will County Stormwater Management Planning Committee. The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/ depict estimates of the areal extent of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (gage heights or stages) at the USGS streamgage at DuPage River at Shorewood, Illinois (sta. no. 05540500). Current conditions at the USGS streamgage may be obtained on the Internet at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/usa/nwis/uv?05540500. In addition, the information has been provided to the National Weather Service (NWS) for incorporation into their Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) flood warning system (http://water.weather.gov/ahps/). The NWS forecasts flood hydrographs at many places that are often colocated with USGS streamgages. The NWS-forecasted peak-stage information, also shown on the DuPage River at Shorewood inundation Web site, may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation. In this study, flood profiles were computed for the stream reach by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The hydraulic model was then used to determine nine water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-ft intervals referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from NWS Action stage of 6 ft to the historic crest of 14.0 ft. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) (derived from Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) data) by using a Geographic Information System (GIS) in order to delineate the area flooded at each water level. These maps, along with information on the Internet regarding current gage height from USGS streamgages and forecasted stream stages from the NWS, provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for postflood recovery efforts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3275","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Will County Stormwater Management Planning Committee","usgsCitation":"Murphy, E., and Sharpe, J.B., 2013, Flood-inundation maps for the DuPage River from Plainfield to Shorewood, Illinois, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3275, Pamphlet: vi, 8 p.; Map Sheets: 9 jpg files, 9 PDF files 11 inches x 17 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3275.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: vi, 8 p.; Map Sheets: 9 jpg files, 9 PDF files 11 inches x 17 inches; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-043662","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280119,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3275.jpg"},{"id":280109,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3275/pdf/sim3275_mapsheets_pdf/Sheet02stage7_sim3275.pdf"},{"id":280110,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3275/pdf/sim3275_mapsheets_pdf/Sheet01stage6_sim3275.pdf"},{"id":280107,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3275/"},{"id":280108,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3275/pdf/sim3275_pamphlet.pdf"},{"id":280111,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3275/pdf/sim3275_mapsheets_pdf/Sheet03stage8_sim3275.pdf"},{"id":280112,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3275/pdf/sim3275_mapsheets_pdf/Sheet04stage9_sim3275.pdf"},{"id":280113,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3275/pdf/sim3275_mapsheets_pdf/Sheet05stage10_sim3275.pdf"},{"id":280114,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3275/pdf/sim3275_mapsheets_pdf/Sheet06stage11_sim3275.pdf"},{"id":280115,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3275/pdf/sim3275_mapsheets_pdf/Sheet07stage12_sim3275.pdf"},{"id":280116,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3275/pdf/sim3275_mapsheets_pdf/Sheet08stage13_sim3275.pdf"},{"id":280117,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3275/pdf/sim3275_mapsheets_pdf/Sheet09stage14_sim3275.pdf"},{"id":280118,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3275/Downloads"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.233333,41.516667 ], [ -88.233333,41.700000 ], [ -88.150000,41.700000 ], [ -88.150000,41.516667 ], [ -88.233333,41.516667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"529dac16e4b0516126f66b4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murphy, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":69660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sharpe, Jennifer B. 0000-0002-5192-7848 jbsharpe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5192-7848","contributorId":2825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharpe","given":"Jennifer","email":"jbsharpe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70057876,"text":"70057876 - 2013 - Evidence for high salinity of Early Cretaceous sea water from the Chesapeake Bay crater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-02T14:34:08","indexId":"70057876","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-02T14:27:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for high salinity of Early Cretaceous sea water from the Chesapeake Bay crater","docAbstract":"High salinity groundwater more than 1000 metres deep in the Atlantic Coastal Plain of the United States has been documented in several locations1,2, most recently within the 35 million-year-old Chesapeake Bay impact crater3,4,5. Suggestions for the origin of increased salinity in the crater have included evaporite dissolution6, osmosis6, and evaporation from heating7 associated with the bolide impact. Here we present chemical, isotopic and physical evidence that together indicate that groundwater in the Chesapeake crater is remnant Early Cretaceous North Atlantic (ECNA) seawater. We find that the seawater is likely 100-145 million years old and that it has an average salinity of about 70 per mil, which is twice that of modern seawater and consistent with the nearly closed ECNA basin8. Previous evidence for temperature and salinity levels of ancient oceans have been estimated indirectly from geochemical, isotopic and paleontological analyses of solid materials in deep sediment cores. In contrast, our study identifies ancient seawater in situ and provides a direct estimate of its age and salinity. Moreover, we suggest that it is likely that remnants of ECNA seawater persist in deep sediments at many locations along the Atlantic margin.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"MacMillan Publishing Limited","doi":"10.1038/nature12714","usgsCitation":"Sanford, W.E., Doughten, M.W., Coplen, T.B., Hunt, A.G., and Bullen, T.D., 2013, Evidence for high salinity of Early Cretaceous sea water from the Chesapeake Bay crater: Nature, v. 503, no. 745, p. 252-256, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12714.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"252","endPage":"256","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-046198","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280103,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280102,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature12714"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl;Virginia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.4633,36.9078 ], [ -76.4633,37.9656 ], [ -75.2563,37.9656 ], [ -75.2563,36.9078 ], [ -76.4633,36.9078 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"503","issue":"745","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"529dac15e4b0516126f66b45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanford, Ward E. 0000-0002-6624-0280 wsanford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":2268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"Ward","email":"wsanford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doughten, Michael W. doughten@usgs.gov","contributorId":4717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doughten","given":"Michael","email":"doughten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hunt, Andrew G. 0000-0002-3810-8610 ahunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-8610","contributorId":1582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Andrew","email":"ahunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bullen, Thomas D. 0000-0003-2281-1691 tdbullen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2281-1691","contributorId":1969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"Thomas","email":"tdbullen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70057877,"text":"70057877 - 2013 - Large dams and alluvial rivers in the Anthropocene: The impacts of the Garrison and Oahe Dams on the Upper Missouri River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-02T13:43:58","indexId":"70057877","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-02T13:27:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":815,"text":"Anthropocene","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large dams and alluvial rivers in the Anthropocene: The impacts of the Garrison and Oahe Dams on the Upper Missouri River","docAbstract":"The Missouri River has had a long history of anthropogenic modification with considerable impacts on river and riparian ecology, form, and function. During the 20th century, several large dam-building efforts in the basin served the needs for irrigation, flood control, navigation, and the generation of hydroelectric power. The managed flow provided a range of uses, including recreation, fisheries, and habitat. Fifteen dams impound the main stem of the river, with hundreds more on tributaries. Though the effects of dams and reservoirs are well-documented, their impacts have been studied individually, with relatively little attention paid to their interaction along a river corridor. We examine the morphological and sedimentological changes in the Upper Missouri River between the Garrison Dam in ND (operational in 1953) and Oahe Dam in SD (operational in 1959). Through historical aerial photography, stream gage data, and cross sectional surveys, we demonstrate that the influence of the upstream dam is still a major control of river dynamics when the backwater effects of the downstream reservoir begin. In the “Anthropocene”, dams are ubiquitous on large rivers and often occur in series, similar to the Garrison Dam Segment. We propose a conceptual model of how interacting dams might affect river geomorphology, resulting in distinct and recognizable morphologic sequences that we term “Inter-Dam sequence” characteristic of major rivers in the US.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Anthropocene","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ancene.2013.10.002","usgsCitation":"Skalak, K., Benthem, A.J., Schenk, E.R., Hupp, C.R., Galloway, J.M., Nustad, R.A., and Wiche, G.J., 2013, Large dams and alluvial rivers in the Anthropocene: The impacts of the Garrison and Oahe Dams on the Upper Missouri River: Anthropocene, v. 2, p. 51-64, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ancene.2013.10.002.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"64","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-049280","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280100,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280097,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ancene.2013.10.002"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota;South Dakota;Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.3648,42.4969 ], [ -105.3648,47.5073 ], [ -99.2708,47.5073 ], [ -99.2708,42.4969 ], [ -105.3648,42.4969 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"529dac18e4b0516126f66b5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skalak, Katherine 0000-0003-4122-1240 kskalak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4122-1240","contributorId":3990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skalak","given":"Katherine","email":"kskalak@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benthem, Adam J. 0000-0003-2372-0281 abenthem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2372-0281","contributorId":2740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benthem","given":"Adam","email":"abenthem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schenk, Edward R. 0000-0001-6886-5754 eschenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6886-5754","contributorId":2183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Edward","email":"eschenk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hupp, Cliff R. 0000-0003-1853-9197 crhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":2344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Cliff","email":"crhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Galloway, Joel M. 0000-0002-9836-9724 jgallowa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9836-9724","contributorId":1562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"Joel","email":"jgallowa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nustad, Rochelle A. 0000-0002-4713-5944 ranustad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4713-5944","contributorId":1811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nustad","given":"Rochelle","email":"ranustad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wiche, Gregg J. gjwiche@usgs.gov","contributorId":1675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiche","given":"Gregg","email":"gjwiche@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70126224,"text":"70126224 - 2013 - Intraseasonal variation in survival and probable causes of mortality in greater sage-grouse Centrocercus urophasianus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-19T18:15:05","indexId":"70126224","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T18:11:53","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3766,"text":"Wildlife Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intraseasonal variation in survival and probable causes of mortality in greater sage-grouse Centrocercus urophasianus","docAbstract":"The mortality process is a key component of avian population dynamics, and understanding factors that affect mortality is central to grouse conservation. Populations of greater sage-grouse Centrocercus urophasianus have declined across their range in western North America. We studied cause-specific mortality of radio-marked sage-grouse in Eureka County, Nevada, USA, during two seasons, nesting (2008-2012) and fall (2008-2010), when survival was known to be lower compared to other times of the year. We used known-fate and cumulative incidence function models to estimate weekly survival rates and cumulative risk of cause-specific mortalities, respectively. These methods allowed us to account for temporal variation in sample size and staggered entry of marked individuals into the sample to obtain robust estimates of survival and cause-specific mortality. We monitored 376 individual sage-grouse during the course of our study, and investigated 87 deaths. Predation was the major source of mortality, and accounted for 90% of all mortalities during our study. During the nesting season (1 April - 31 May), the cumulative risk of predation by raptors (0.10; 95% CI: 0.05-0.16) and mammals (0.08; 95% CI: 0.03-013) was relatively equal. In the fall (15 August - 31 October), the cumulative risk of mammal predation was greater (M(mam) = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.04-0.19) than either predation by raptors (M(rap) = 0.05; 95% CI: 0.00-0.10) or hunting harvest (M(hunt) = 0.02; 95% CI: 0.0-0.06). During both seasons, we observed relatively few additional sources of mortality (e.g. collision) and observed no evidence of disease-related mortality (e.g. West Nile Virus). In general, we found little evidence for intraseasonal temporal variation in survival, suggesting that the nesting and fall seasons represent biologically meaningful time intervals with respect to sage-grouse survival.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nordic Board for Wildlife Research","doi":"10.2981/13-001","usgsCitation":"Blomberg, E.J., Gibson, D., Sedinger, J.S., Casazza, M.L., and Coates, P.S., 2013, Intraseasonal variation in survival and probable causes of mortality in greater sage-grouse Centrocercus urophasianus: Wildlife Biology, v. 19, no. 4, p. 347-357, https://doi.org/10.2981/13-001.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"347","endPage":"357","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-042803","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2981/13-001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294257,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294256,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2981/13-001"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Eureka County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.601,39.1612 ], [ -116.601,41.0004 ], [ -115.7949,41.0004 ], [ -115.7949,39.1612 ], [ -116.601,39.1612 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"19","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541d459de4b0f68901ec30b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blomberg, Erik J.","contributorId":17543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blomberg","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":501961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gibson, Daniel","contributorId":94984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibson","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":501963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sedinger, James S.","contributorId":84861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sedinger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":501962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70046031,"text":"70046031 - 2013 - Rodent-Mediated Interactions Among Seed Species of Differing Quality in a Shrubsteppe Ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-11T15:38:14","indexId":"70046031","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T15:34:04","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rodent-Mediated Interactions Among Seed Species of Differing Quality in a Shrubsteppe Ecosystem","docAbstract":"Interactions among seeds, mediated by granivorous rodents, are likely to play a strong role in shrubsteppe ecosystem restoration. Past studies typically consider only pairwise interactions between preferred and less preferred seed species, whereas rangeland seedings are likely to contain more than 2 seed species, potentially leading to complex interactions. We examined how the relative proportion of seeds in a 3-species polyculture changes rodent seed selectivity (i.e., removal) and indirect interactions among seeds. We presented 2 rodent species, Peromyscus maniculatus (deer mice) and Perognathus parvus (pocket mice), in arenas with 3-species seed mixtures that varied in the proportion of a highly preferred, moderately preferred, and least preferred seed species, based on preferences determined in this study. We then conducted a field experiment in a pocket mouse—dominated ecosystem with the same 3-species seed mixtures in both “treated” (reduced shrub and increased forb cover) and “untreated” shrubsteppe. In the arena experiment, we found that rodents removed more of the highly preferred seed when the proportions of all 3 seeds were equal. Moderately preferred seeds experienced increased removal when the least preferred seed was in highest proportion. Removal of the least preferred seed increased when the highly preferred seed was in highest proportion. In the field experiment, results were similar to those from the arena experiment and did not differ between treated and untreated shrubsteppe areas. Though our results suggest that 3-species mixtures induce complex interactions among seeds, managers applying these results to restoration efforts should carefully consider the rodent community present and the potential fate of removed seeds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Western North American Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.3398/064.073.0415","usgsCitation":"Beard, K., Faulhaber, C.A., Howe, F.P., and Edwards, T.C., 2013, Rodent-Mediated Interactions Among Seed Species of Differing Quality in a Shrubsteppe Ecosystem: Western North American Naturalist, v. 73, no. 4, p. 426-441, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.073.0415.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"426","endPage":"441","ipdsId":"IP-034262","costCenters":[{"id":609,"text":"Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":283866,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":283865,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3398/064.073.0415"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Rich County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.5102,41.1438 ], [ -111.5102,42.0014 ], [ -111.0458,42.0014 ], [ -111.0458,41.1438 ], [ -111.5102,41.1438 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"73","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd711fe4b0b290851077a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beard, Karen H.","contributorId":14296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","given":"Karen H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Faulhaber, Craig A.","contributorId":48865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faulhaber","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howe, Frank P.","contributorId":26621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howe","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edwards, Thomas C. Jr. 0000-0002-0773-0909 tce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-0909","contributorId":2061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Thomas","suffix":"Jr.","email":"tce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70125444,"text":"70125444 - 2013 - How to predict community responses to perturbations in the face of imperfect knowledge and network complexity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-18T09:12:27","indexId":"70125444","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T14:40:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How to predict community responses to perturbations in the face of imperfect knowledge and network complexity","docAbstract":"Recent attempts to predict the response of large food webs to perturbations have revealed that in larger systems increasingly precise information on the elements of the system is required. Thus, the effort needed for good predictions grows quickly with the system's complexity. Here, we show that not all elements need to be measured equally well, suggesting that a more efficient allocation of effort is possible. We develop an iterative technique for determining an efficient measurement strategy. In model food webs, we find that it is most important to precisely measure the mortality and predation rates of long-lived, generalist, top predators. Prioritizing the study of such species will make it easier to understand the response of complex food webs to perturbations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2013.2355","usgsCitation":"Aufderheide, H., Rudolf, L., Gross, T., and Lafferty, K.D., 2013, How to predict community responses to perturbations in the face of imperfect knowledge and network complexity: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 280, no. 1773, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2355.","productDescription":"9 p.","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-051227","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473410,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1983/828d9e9b-a4cd-4813-a86f-f58cab762af2","text":"External Repository"},{"id":294070,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294002,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2355"}],"volume":"280","issue":"1773","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541a948fe4b01571b3d4cc42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aufderheide, Helge","contributorId":70708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aufderheide","given":"Helge","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rudolf, Lars","contributorId":99062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudolf","given":"Lars","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gross, Thilo","contributorId":16336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"Thilo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70046979,"text":"70046979 - 2013 - Urban runoff (URO) process for MODFLOW 2005: simulation of sub-grid scale urban hydrologic processes in Broward County, FL","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-07T09:17:50","indexId":"70046979","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T14:12:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Urban runoff (URO) process for MODFLOW 2005: simulation of sub-grid scale urban hydrologic processes in Broward County, FL","docAbstract":"Climate change and sea-level rise could cause substantial changes in urban runoff and flooding in low-lying coast landscapes. A major challenge for local government officials and decision makers is to translate the potential global effects of climate change into actionable and cost-effective adaptation and mitigation strategies at county and municipal scales. A MODFLOW process is used to represent sub-grid scale hydrology in urban settings to help address these issues. Coupled interception, surface water, depression, and unsaturated zone storage are represented. A two-dimensional diffusive wave approximation is used to represent overland flow. Three different options for representing infiltration and recharge are presented. Additional features include structure, barrier, and culvert flow between adjacent cells, specified stage boundaries, critical flow boundaries, source/sink surface-water terms, and the bi-directional runoff to MODFLOW Surface-Water Routing process. Some abilities of the Urban RunOff (URO) process are demonstrated with a synthetic problem using four land uses and varying cell coverages. Precipitation from a hypothetical storm was applied and cell by cell surface-water depth, groundwater level, infiltration rate, and groundwater recharge rate are shown. Results indicate the URO process has the ability to produce time-varying, water-content dependent infiltration and leakage, and successfully interacts with MODFLOW.","largerWorkTitle":"MODFLOW and More 2013: Translating Science into Practice: Conference Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"MODFLOW and More 2013: Translating Science into Practice","conferenceDate":"2013-06-02T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Golden, CO","language":"English","publisher":"Integrated GroundWater Modeling Center, Colorado School of Mines","publisherLocation":"Golden, CO","usgsCitation":"Decker, J.D., and Hughes, J., 2013, Urban runoff (URO) process for MODFLOW 2005: simulation of sub-grid scale urban hydrologic processes in Broward County, FL, p. 216-221.","productDescription":"p. 216-221","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-044959","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289445,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Broward County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.881233,25.95675 ], [ -80.881233,26.334698 ], [ -80.074729,26.334698 ], [ -80.074729,25.95675 ], [ -80.881233,25.95675 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bbc187e4b084059e8bff08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Decker, Jeremy D. 0000-0002-0700-515X jdecker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0700-515X","contributorId":514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Decker","given":"Jeremy","email":"jdecker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hughes, J.D.","contributorId":25539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70103852,"text":"70103852 - 2013 - Inferring tidal wetland stability from channel sediment fluxes: observations and a conceptual model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-08T13:43:37","indexId":"70103852","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T13:35:54","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inferring tidal wetland stability from channel sediment fluxes: observations and a conceptual model","docAbstract":"Anthropogenic and climatic forces have modified the geomorphology of tidal wetlands over a range of timescales. Changes in land use, sediment supply, river flow, storminess, and sea level alter the layout of tidal channels, intertidal flats, and marsh plains; these elements define wetland complexes. Diagnostically, measurements of net sediment fluxes through tidal channels are high-temporal resolution, spatially integrated quantities that indicate (1) whether a complex is stable over seasonal timescales and (2) what mechanisms are leading to that state. We estimated sediment fluxes through tidal channels draining wetland complexes on the Blackwater and Transquaking Rivers, Maryland, USA. While the Blackwater complex has experienced decades of degradation and been largely converted to open water, the Transquaking complex has persisted as an expansive, vegetated marsh. The measured net export at the Blackwater complex (1.0 kg/s or 0.56 kg/m2/yr over the landward marsh area) was caused by northwesterly winds, which exported water and sediment on the subtidal timescale; tidally forced net fluxes were weak and precluded landward transport of suspended sediment from potential seaward sources. Though wind forcing also exported sediment at the Transquaking complex, strong tidal forcing and proximity to a turbidity maximum led to an import of sediment (0.031 kg/s or 0.70 kg/m2/yr). This resulted in a spatially averaged accretion of 3.9 mm/yr, equaling the regional relative sea level rise. Our results suggest that in areas where seaward sediment supply is dominant, seaward wetlands may be more capable of withstanding sea level rise over the short term than landward wetlands. We propose a conceptual model to determine a complex's tendency toward stability or instability based on sediment source, wetland channel location, and transport mechanisms. Wetlands with a reliable portfolio of sources and transport mechanisms appear better suited to offset natural and anthropogenic loss.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/jgrf.20143","usgsCitation":"Ganju, N., Nidzieko, N.J., and Kirwan, M., 2013, Inferring tidal wetland stability from channel sediment fluxes: observations and a conceptual model: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 118, no. 4, p. 2045-2058, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrf.20143.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2045","endPage":"2058","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-049087","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsarticles/1405","text":"External Repository"},{"id":286998,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286992,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrf.20143"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl","otherGeospatial":"Blackwater River;Transquaking River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.195,38.323 ], [ -76.195,38.462 ], [ -75.910,38.462 ], [ -75.910,38.323 ], [ -76.195,38.323 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"118","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"536ca76ce4b060efff280db9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":93543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nidzieko, Nicholas J.","contributorId":91018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nidzieko","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirwan, Matthew L. 0000-0002-0658-3038","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0658-3038","contributorId":84060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirwan","given":"Matthew L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70048366,"text":"70048366 - 2013 - Predicting the effects of proposed Mississippi River diversions on oyster habitat quality; application of an oyster habitat suitability index model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-08T13:08:46","indexId":"70048366","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T13:04:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2455,"text":"Journal of Shellfish Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting the effects of proposed Mississippi River diversions on oyster habitat quality; application of an oyster habitat suitability index model","docAbstract":"In an attempt to decelerate the rate of coastal erosion and wetland loss, and protect human communities, the state of Louisiana developed its Comprehensive Master Plan for a Sustainable Coast. The master plan proposes a combination of restoration efforts including shoreline protection, marsh creation, sediment diversions, and ridge, barrier island, and hydrological restoration. Coastal restoration projects, particularly the large-scale diversions of fresh water from the Mississippi River, needed to supply sediment to an eroding coast potentially impact oyster populations and oyster habitat. An oyster habitat suitability index model is presented that evaluates the effects of a proposed sediment and freshwater diversion into Lower Breton Sound. Voluminous freshwater, needed to suspend and broadly distribute river sediment, will push optimal salinities for oysters seaward and beyond many of the existing reefs. Implementation and operation of the Lower Breton Sound diversion structure as proposed would render about 6,173 ha of hard bottom immediately east of the Mississippi River unsuitable for the sustained cultivation of oysters. If historical harvests are to be maintained in this region, a massive and unprecedented effort to relocate private leases and restore oyster bottoms would be required. Habitat suitability index model results indicate that the appropriate location for such efforts are to the east and north of the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Shellfish Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Shellfisheries Association","doi":"10.2983/035.032.0302","usgsCitation":"Soniat, T.M., Conzelmann, C.P., Byrd, J.D., Roszell, D.P., Bridevaux, J.L., Suir, K.J., and Colley, S.B., 2013, Predicting the effects of proposed Mississippi River diversions on oyster habitat quality; application of an oyster habitat suitability index model: Journal of Shellfish Research, v. 32, no. 3, p. 629-638, https://doi.org/10.2983/035.032.0302.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"629","endPage":"638","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-048870","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2983/035.032.0302","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280732,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280731,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2983/035.032.0302"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Breton Sound;Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.75,29.0 ], [ -90.75,30.75 ], [ -88.25,30.75 ], [ -88.25,29.0 ], [ -90.75,29.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"32","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6c66e4b0b290851048ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soniat, Thomas M.","contributorId":11109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soniat","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conzelmann, Craig P. 0000-0002-4227-8719","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4227-8719","contributorId":92137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conzelmann","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Byrd, Jason D. byrdj@usgs.gov","contributorId":4893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byrd","given":"Jason","email":"byrdj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roszell, Dustin P.","contributorId":16311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roszell","given":"Dustin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bridevaux, Joshua L.","contributorId":103567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridevaux","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Suir, Kevin J. 0000-0003-1570-9648 suirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1570-9648","contributorId":4894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suir","given":"Kevin","email":"suirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Colley, Susan B.","contributorId":36844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colley","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70125640,"text":"70125640 - 2013 - Seismic Station Installation Orientation Errors at ANSS and IRIS/USGS Stations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-18T12:58:39","indexId":"70125640","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T12:56:18","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic Station Installation Orientation Errors at ANSS and IRIS/USGS Stations","docAbstract":"Many seismological studies depend on the published orientations of sensitive axes of seismic instruments relative to north (e.g., Li et al., 2011). For example, studies of the anisotropic structure of the Earth’s mantle through SKS‐splitting measurements (Long et al., 2009), constraints on core–mantle electromagnetic coupling from torsional normal‐mode measurements (Dumberry and Mound, 2008), and models of three‐dimensional (3D) velocity variations from surface waves (Ekström et al., 1997) rely on accurate sensor orientation. Unfortunately, numerous results indicate that this critical parameter is often subject to significant error (Laske, 1995; Laske and Masters, 1996; Yoshizawa et al., 1999; Schulte‐Pelkum et al., 2001; Larson and Ekström, 2002).
\nFor the Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS; ANSS Technical Integration Committee, 2002), the Global Seismographic Network (GSN; Butler et al., 2004), and many other networks, sensor orientation is typically determined by a field engineer during installation. Successful emplacement of a seismic instrument requires identifying true north, transferring a reference line, and measuring the orientation of the instrument relative to the reference line. Such an exercise is simple in theory, but there are many complications in practice.
\nThere are four commonly used methods for determining true north at the ANSS and GSN stations operated by the USGS Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory (ASL), including gyroscopic, astronomical, Global Positioning System (GPS), and magnetic field techniques. A particular method is selected based on site conditions (above ground, below ground, availability of astronomical observations, and so on) and in the case of gyroscopic methods, export restrictions. Once a north line has been determined, it must be translated to the sensor location. For installations in mines or deep vaults, this step can include tracking angles through the one or more turns in the access tunnel leading to the vault (e.g., GSN station WCI in Wyandotte Cave, Indiana). Finally, the third source of error comes from the ability of field engineers to orient the sensor relative to the reference line.
\nIn order to quantify bounds on the errors in each step in the orientation process, we conducted a series of tests at the ASL using twelve GSN and ANSS field engineers. The results from this exercise allow us to estimate upper bounds on the precision of our ability to orient instruments, as well as identify the sources of error in the procedures. We are also able to identify systematic bias of various true‐north‐finding methods relative to one another. Although we are unable to estimate the absolute accuracy of our orientation measurements due to our inability to identify true north without some error, the agreement between independent methods for finding true north provides confidence in the different approaches, assuming no systematic bias. Finally, our study neglects orientation errors that are beyond the control of the field engineer during a station visit. These additional errors can arise from deviations in the sensitive axes of the instruments relative to the case markings, processing errors (Holcomb, 2002) when comparing horizontal orientations relative to other sensors (e.g., borehole installations), and deviations of the sensitive axes of instruments from true orthogonality (e.g., instruments with separate modules such as the Streckeisen STS‐1).
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Seismological Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0220130072","usgsCitation":"Ringler, A.T., Hutt, C.R., Persfield, K., and Gee, L., 2013, Seismic Station Installation Orientation Errors at ANSS and IRIS/USGS Stations: Seismological Research Letters, v. 84, no. 6, p. 926-931, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220130072.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"926","endPage":"931","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-045633","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294160,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294159,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220130072"}],"volume":"84","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541bf456e4b0e96537ddf87b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ringler, Adam T. 0000-0002-9839-4188 aringler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-4188","contributorId":3946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringler","given":"Adam","email":"aringler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutt, Charles R. 0000-0001-9033-9195 bhutt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9033-9195","contributorId":1622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutt","given":"Charles","email":"bhutt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Persfield, K.","contributorId":87078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Persfield","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gee, Lind S. lgee@usgs.gov","contributorId":2247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"Lind S.","email":"lgee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70124317,"text":"70124317 - 2013 - Detecting short-term responses to weekend recreation activity: desert bighorn sheep avoidance of hiking trails","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-11T12:51:17","indexId":"70124317","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T12:46:02","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detecting short-term responses to weekend recreation activity: desert bighorn sheep avoidance of hiking trails","docAbstract":"To study potential effects of recreation activity on habitat use of desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis nelsoni), we placed Global Positioning System collars on 10 female bighorn sheep within the Wonderland of Rocks–Queen Mountain region of Joshua Tree National Park (JOTR), California, USA, from 2002 to 2004. Recreation use was highest from March to April and during weekends throughout the year. Daily use of recreation trails was highest during midday. By comparing habitat use (slope, ruggedness, distance to water, and distance to recreation trails) of female bighorn sheep on weekdays versus weekends, we were able to detect short-term shifts in behavior in response to recreation. In a logistic regression of bighorn sheep locations versus random locations for March and April, female locations at midday (1200 hours) were significantly more distant from recreation trails on weekends compared with weekdays. Our results indicate that within this region of JOTR, moderate to high levels of human recreation activity may temporarily exclude bighorn females from their preferred habitat. However, the relative proximity of females to recreation trails during the weekdays before and after such habitat shifts indicates that these anthropogenic impacts were short-lived. Our results have implications for management of wildlife on public lands where the co-existence of wildlife and recreational use is a major goal.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wsb.349","usgsCitation":"Longshore, K.M., Lowrey, C., and Thompson, D., 2013, Detecting short-term responses to weekend recreation activity: desert bighorn sheep avoidance of hiking trails: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 37, no. 4, p. 698-706, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.349.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"698","endPage":"706","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-009849","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499982,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/e94d64d653cb4dd3ae768a26bbdfd675","text":"External Repository"},{"id":293719,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293701,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wsb.349"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Joshua Tree National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.457722,33.670186 ], [ -116.457722,34.129343 ], [ -115.262191,34.129343 ], [ -115.262191,33.670186 ], [ -116.457722,33.670186 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"37","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5412b9a3e4b0239f1986ba3f","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/wsb.349","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wsb.349","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Longshore Kathleen, Lowrey Chris, Thompson Daniel B.","journalName":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","publicationDate":"10/11/2013","publiclyAccessibleDate":"10/11/2013"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Longshore, Kathleen M. 0000-0001-6621-1271 longshore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6621-1271","contributorId":2677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longshore","given":"Kathleen","email":"longshore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowrey, Chris","contributorId":84282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowrey","given":"Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Daniel B.","contributorId":97829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Daniel B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70074802,"text":"70074802 - 2013 - Applying the Land Use Portfolio Model with Hazus to analyse risk from natural hazard events","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-05T12:35:20","indexId":"70074802","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T12:33:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2069,"text":"International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Applying the Land Use Portfolio Model with Hazus to analyse risk from natural hazard events","docAbstract":"This paper describes and demonstrates the integration of two geospatial decision-support systems for natural-hazard risk assessment and management. Hazus is a risk-assessment tool developed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency to identify risks and estimate the severity of risk from natural hazards. The Land Use Portfolio Model (LUPM) is a risk-management tool developed by the U.S. Geological Survey to evaluate plans or actions intended to reduce risk from natural hazards. We analysed three mitigation policies for one earthquake scenario in the San Francisco Bay area to demonstrate the added value of using Hazus and the LUPM together. The demonstration showed that Hazus loss estimates can be input to the LUPM to obtain estimates of losses avoided through mitigation, rates of return on mitigation investment, and measures of uncertainty. Together, they offer a more comprehensive approach to help with decisions for reducing risk from natural hazards.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Inderscience Publishers","doi":"10.1504/IJRAM.2013.054381","usgsCitation":"Dinitz, L.B., and Taketa, R.A., 2013, Applying the Land Use Portfolio Model with Hazus to analyse risk from natural hazard events: International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management, v. 17, no. 1, p. 69-88, https://doi.org/10.1504/IJRAM.2013.054381.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"88","numberOfPages":"20","ipdsId":"IP-022351","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282018,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJRAM.2013.054381"},{"id":282019,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4db0e4b0b290850f1a28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dinitz, Laura B. ldinitz@usgs.gov","contributorId":3332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinitz","given":"Laura","email":"ldinitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":489901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taketa, Richard A. rtaketa@usgs.gov","contributorId":3870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taketa","given":"Richard","email":"rtaketa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":489902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70147930,"text":"70147930 - 2013 - Abundance and density of lesser prairie-chickens and leks in Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-11T11:18:41","indexId":"70147930","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abundance and density of lesser prairie-chickens and leks in Texas","docAbstract":"Lesser prairie-chickens (LEPCs; Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) have experienced population declines due to both direct and indirect habitat loss, including conversion of native rangeland to cropland and disturbance from energy development. Our objectives were to 1) determine the current density of LEPC leks and LEPCs within the Texas (USA) occupied range, including areas with high potential for wind-energy development; and 2) find new leks. To estimate lek and LEPC density, we employed a line-transect-based aerial survey method using a Robinson 22 helicopter to count leks. We surveyed 26,810.9 km of transect in the spring of 2010 and 2011 and we detected 96 leks. We estimated a density of 2.0 leks/100 km(2) (90% CI = 1.4-2.7 leks/100 km(2)) and 12.3 LEPCs/100 km(2) (90% CI = 8.5-17.9 LEPCs/100 km(2)) and an abundance of 293.6 leks (90% CI = 213.9-403.0 leks) and 1,822.4 LEPCs (90% CI = 1,253.7-2,649.1 LEPCs) for our sampling frame. Our best model indicated that lek size and lek type (AIC(c) wt = 0.235) influenced lek detectability. Lek detectability was greater for larger leks and natural leks versus man-made leks. Our statewide survey efforts provide wildlife managers and biologists with population estimates, new lek locations, and areas to target for monitoring and conservation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/wsb.304","usgsCitation":"Timmer, J.M., Butler, M., Ballard, W., Boal, C.W., and Whitlaw, H.A., 2013, Abundance and density of lesser prairie-chickens and leks in Texas: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 37, no. 4, p. 741-749, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.304.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"741","endPage":"749","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-039518","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/50f7193b40a54e858d00ddac419888d9","text":"External Repository"},{"id":300286,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5551d2ade4b0a92fa7e93bd0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Timmer, Jennifer M.","contributorId":140717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Timmer","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butler, M.J.","contributorId":83061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ballard, Warren","contributorId":80398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballard","given":"Warren","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boal, Clint W. 0000-0001-6008-8911 cboal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6008-8911","contributorId":1909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boal","given":"Clint","email":"cboal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Whitlaw, Heather A.","contributorId":13026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitlaw","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70148699,"text":"70148699 - 2013 - Northern bobwhite response to habitat restoration in eastern oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-22T11:23:38","indexId":"70148699","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Northern bobwhite response to habitat restoration in eastern oklahoma","docAbstract":"In response to the decline of northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus; hereafter, bobwhite) in eastern Oklahoma, USA, a cost-share incentive program for private landowners was initiated to restore early successional habitat. Our objectives were to determine whether the program had an effect on bobwhite occupancy in the restoration areas and evaluate how local-and landscape-level habitat characteristics affect occupancy in both restoration and control areas. We surveyed 14 sample units that received treatment between 2009 and 2011, and 17 sample units that were controls. We used single-season occupancy models, with year as a dummy variable, to test for an effect of restoration treatment and habitat variables on occupancy. We found no significant treatment effect. Model selection showed that occupancy was best explained by the combination of overstory canopy cover and habitat area at both the local and landscape scales. Moran's I revealed positive spatial autocorrelation in the 1,000-3,000-m distance band, indicating that the likelihood of bobwhite occupancy increased with proximity to other populations. We show that creating ≥ 20 ha of habitat within 1-3 km of existing bobwhite populations increases the chance of restoration being successful.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1002/wsb.351","collaboration":"Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation; Oklahoma State University; Nature Conservancy's Weaver Grant Program; Oklahoma Ornithological Society; Payne County Audubon Society","usgsCitation":"Crosby, A.D., Elmore, R., and Leslie, D.M., 2013, Northern bobwhite response to habitat restoration in eastern oklahoma: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 37, no. 4, p. 733-740, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.351.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"733","endPage":"740","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041182","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473415,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/f66a66d7711e4cf38dbe396d4ebd5796","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":301510,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558931d1e4b0b6d21dd61bff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crosby, Andrew D.","contributorId":141455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crosby","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elmore, R.D.","contributorId":64450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elmore","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr. 0000-0002-3884-1484 cleslie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-1484","contributorId":2483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cleslie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":549066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70065872,"text":"70065872 - 2013 - Long-range hazard assessment of volcanic ash dispersal for a Plinian eruptive scenario at Popocatépetl volcano (Mexico): implications for civil aviation safety","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-04T12:25:01","indexId":"70065872","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T11:53:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-range hazard assessment of volcanic ash dispersal for a Plinian eruptive scenario at Popocatépetl volcano (Mexico): implications for civil aviation safety","docAbstract":"Popocatépetl is one of Mexico’s most active volcanoes threatening a densely populated area that includes Mexico City with more than 20 million inhabitants. The destructive potential of this volcano is demonstrated by its Late Pleistocene–Holocene eruptive activity, which has been characterized by recurrent Plinian eruptions of large magnitude, the last two of which destroyed human settlements in pre-Hispanic times. Popocatépetl’s reawakening in 1994 produced a crisis that culminated with the evacuation of two villages on the northeastern flank of the volcano. Shortly after, a monitoring system and a civil protection contingency plan based on a hazard zone map were implemented. The current volcanic hazards map considers the potential occurrence of different volcanic phenomena, including pyroclastic density currents and lahars. However, no quantitative assessment of the tephra hazard, especially related to atmospheric dispersal, has been performed. The presence of airborne volcanic ash at low and jet-cruise atmospheric levels compromises the safety of aircraft operations and forces re-routing of aircraft to prevent encounters with volcanic ash clouds. Given the high number of important airports in the surroundings of Popocatépetl volcano and considering the potential threat posed to civil aviation in Mexico and adjacent regions in case of a Plinian eruption, a hazard assessment for tephra dispersal is required. In this work, we present the first probabilistic tephra dispersal hazard assessment for Popocatépetl volcano. We compute probabilistic hazard maps for critical thresholds of airborne ash concentrations at different flight levels, corresponding to the situation defined in Europe during 2010, and still under discussion. Tephra dispersal mode is performed using the FALL3D numerical model. Probabilistic hazard maps are built for a Plinian eruptive scenario defined on the basis of geological field data for the “Ochre Pumice” Plinian eruption (4965 14C yr BP). FALL3D model input eruptive parameters are constrained through an inversion method carried out with the semi-analytical HAZMAP model and are varied by sampling them using probability density functions. We analyze the influence of seasonal variations on ash dispersal and estimate the average persistence of critical ash concentrations at relevant locations and airports. This study assesses the impact that a Plinian eruption similar to the Ochre Pumice eruption would have on the main airports of Mexico and adjacent areas. The hazard maps presented here can support long-term planning that would help minimize the impacts of such an eruption on civil aviation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Volcanology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-013-0789-z","usgsCitation":"Bonasia, R., Scaini, C., Capra, L., Nathenson, M., Siebe, C., Arana-Salinas, L., and Folch, A., 2013, Long-range hazard assessment of volcanic ash dispersal for a Plinian eruptive scenario at Popocatépetl volcano (Mexico): implications for civil aviation safety: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 76, no. 789, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-013-0789-z.","productDescription":"16 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052850","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Popocatépetl Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.0,15.0 ], [ -120.0,30.0 ], [ -80.0,30.0 ], [ -80.0,15.0 ], [ -120.0,15.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"76","issue":"789","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd64f7e4b0b290850ffc85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonasia, Rosanna","contributorId":52481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonasia","given":"Rosanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scaini, Chirara","contributorId":46867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scaini","given":"Chirara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Capra, Lucia","contributorId":77836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capra","given":"Lucia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nathenson, Manuel 0000-0002-5216-984X mnathnsn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-984X","contributorId":1358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nathenson","given":"Manuel","email":"mnathnsn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Siebe, Claus","contributorId":24121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siebe","given":"Claus","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Arana-Salinas, Lilia","contributorId":79793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arana-Salinas","given":"Lilia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Folch, Arnau","contributorId":76219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Folch","given":"Arnau","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70168545,"text":"70168545 - 2013 - Insights into the latent multinomial model through mark-resight data on female grizzly bears with cubs-of-the-year","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-19T10:29:54","indexId":"70168545","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2151,"text":"Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Insights into the latent multinomial model through mark-resight data on female grizzly bears with cubs-of-the-year","docAbstract":"Mark-resight designs for estimation of population abundance are common and attractive to researchers. However, inference from such designs is very limited when faced with sparse data, either from a low number of marked animals, a low probability of detection, or both. In the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, yearly mark-resight data are collected for female grizzly bears with cubs-of-the-year (FCOY), and inference suffers from both limitations. To overcome difficulties due to sparseness, we assume homogeneity in sighting probabilities over 16 years of bi-annual aerial surveys. We model counts of marked and unmarked animals as multinomial random variables, using the capture frequencies of marked animals for inference about the latent multinomial frequencies for unmarked animals. We discuss undesirable behavior of the commonly used discrete uniform prior distribution on the population size parameter and provide OpenBUGS code for fitting such models. The application provides valuable insights into subtleties of implementing Bayesian inference for latent multinomial models. We tie the discussion to our application, though the insights are broadly useful for applications of the latent multinomial model.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Biometric Society","publisherLocation":"Alexandria, VA","doi":"10.1007/s13253-013-0148-8","usgsCitation":"Higgs, M., Link, W.A., White, G.C., Haroldson, M.A., and Bjornlie, D., 2013, Insights into the latent multinomial model through mark-resight data on female grizzly bears with cubs-of-the-year: Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics, v. 18, no. 4, p. 556-577, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13253-013-0148-8.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"556","endPage":"577","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036679","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318168,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c84acae4b0b3c9ae38107f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Higgs, Megan D.","contributorId":14718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgs","given":"Megan D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Link, William A. 0000-0002-9913-0256 wlink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":146920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"William","email":"wlink@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, Gary C.","contributorId":66831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haroldson, Mark A. 0000-0002-7457-7676 mharoldson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7676","contributorId":1773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haroldson","given":"Mark","email":"mharoldson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bjornlie, Daniel D.","contributorId":145512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bjornlie","given":"Daniel D.","affiliations":[{"id":16140,"text":"Wyoming Game & Fish Department, Large Carnivore Section, Lander, Wyoming 82520, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70048137,"text":"70048137 - 2013 - Ca, Sr, O and D isotope approach to defining the chemical evolution of hydrothermal fluids: example from Long Valley, CA, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-25T14:26:33","indexId":"70048137","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T11:26:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ca, Sr, O and D isotope approach to defining the chemical evolution of hydrothermal fluids: example from Long Valley, CA, USA","docAbstract":"We present chemical and isotopic data for fluids, minerals and rocks from the Long Valley meteoric-hydrothermal system. The samples encompass the presumed hydrothermal upwelling zone in the west moat of the caldera, the Casa Diablo geothermal field, and a series of wells defining a nearly linear, ∼16 km long, west-to-east trend along the likely fluid flow path. Fluid samples were analyzed for the isotopes of water, Sr, and Ca, the concentrations of major cations and anions, alkalinity, and total CO2. Water isotope data conform to trends documented in earlier studies, interpreted as indicating a single hydrothermal fluid mixing with local groundwater. Sr isotopes show subtle changes along the flow path, which requires rapid fluid flow and minimal reaction between the channelized fluids and the wallrocks. Sr and O isotopes are used to calculate fracture spacing using a dual porosity model. Calculated fracture spacing and temperature data for hydrothermal fluids indicate the system is (approximately) at steady-state. Correlated variations among total CO2, and the concentration and isotopic composition of Ca suggest progressive fluid degassing (loss of CO2), which drives calcite precipitation as the fluid flows west-to-east and cools. The shifts in Ca isotopes require that calcite precipitated at temperatures of 150–180 °C is fractionated by ca. −0.3‰ to −0.5‰ relative to aqueous species. Our data are the first evidence that Ca isotopes undergo kinetic fractionation at high temperatures (>100 °C) and can be used to trace calcite precipitation along hydrothermal fluid flow paths.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2013.08.011","usgsCitation":"Brown, S.T., Kennedy, B.M., DePaolo, D., Hurwitz, S., and Evans, W.C., 2013, Ca, Sr, O and D isotope approach to defining the chemical evolution of hydrothermal fluids: example from Long Valley, CA, USA: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 122, p. 209-225, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.08.011.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"225","numberOfPages":"17","ipdsId":"IP-051352","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280992,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.34,37.4 ], [ -119.34,37.87 ], [ -118.63,37.87 ], [ -118.63,37.4 ], [ -119.34,37.4 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"122","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4ffde4b0b290850f30f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Shaun T.","contributorId":68647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Shaun","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, B. Mack","contributorId":82758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Mack","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DePaolo, Donald J.","contributorId":69472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DePaolo","given":"Donald J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hurwitz, Shaul 0000-0001-5142-6886 shaulh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6886","contributorId":2169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"Shaul","email":"shaulh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Evans, William C. 0000-0001-5942-3102 wcevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-3102","contributorId":2353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"wcevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70072614,"text":"70072614 - 2013 - Surprising abundance of Gallionella-related iron oxidizers in creek sediments at pH 4.4 or at high heavy metal concentrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-22T11:27:48","indexId":"70072614","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T11:23:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1702,"text":"Frontiers in Microbiology","onlineIssn":"1664-302X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surprising abundance of Gallionella-related iron oxidizers in creek sediments at pH 4.4 or at high heavy metal concentrations","docAbstract":"We identified and quantified abundant iron-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) at three iron-rich, metal-contaminated creek sites with increasing sediment pH from extremely acidic (R1, pH 2.7), to moderately acidic (R2, pH 4.4), to slightly acidic (R3, pH 6.3) in a former uranium-mining district. The geochemical parameters showed little variations over the 1.5 year study period. The highest metal concentrations found in creek sediments always coincided with the lowest metal concentrations in creek water at the slightly acidic site R3. Sequential extractions of R3 sediment revealed large portions of heavy metals (Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, U) bound to the iron oxide fraction. Light microscopy of glass slides exposed in creeks detected twisted stalks characteristic of microaerobic FeOB of the family Gallionellaceae at R3 but also at the acidic site R2. Sequences related to FeOB such as Gallionella ferruginea, Sideroxydans sp. CL21, Ferritrophicum radicicola, and Acidovorax sp. BrG1 were identified in the sediments. The highest fraction of clone sequences similar to the acidophilic “Ferrovum myxofaciens” was detected in R1. Quantitative PCR using primer sets specific for Gallionella spp., Sideroxydans spp., and “Ferrovum myxofaciens” revealed that ~72% (R2 sediment) and 37% (R3 sediment) of total bacterial 16S rRNA gene copies could be assigned to groups of FeOB with dominance of microaerobic Gallionella spp. at both sites. Gallionella spp. had similar and very high absolute and relative gene copy numbers in both sediment communities. Thus, Gallionella-like organisms appear to exhibit a greater acid and metal tolerance than shown before. Microaerobic FeOB from R3 creek sediment enriched in newly developed metal gradient tubes tolerated metal concentrations of 35 mM Co, 24 mM Ni, and 1.3 mM Cd, higher than those in sediments. Our results will extend the limited knowledge of FeOB at contaminated, moderately to slightly acidic environments.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Frontiers in Microbiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Research Foundation","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2013.00390","usgsCitation":"Fabisch, M., Beulig, F., Akob, D.M., and Küsel, K., 2013, Surprising abundance of Gallionella-related iron oxidizers in creek sediments at pH 4.4 or at high heavy metal concentrations: Frontiers in Microbiology, v. 4, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00390.","productDescription":"12 p.","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-052860","costCenters":[{"id":434,"text":"National Research Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00390","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281365,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281116,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00390"}],"country":"Germany","city":"Ronneburg","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 9.012929,50.201997 ], [ 9.012929,50.249873 ], [ 9.077526,50.249873 ], [ 9.077526,50.201997 ], [ 9.012929,50.201997 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7604e4b0b2908510aa18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fabisch, Maria","contributorId":17137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fabisch","given":"Maria","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beulig, Felix","contributorId":56971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beulig","given":"Felix","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Akob, Denise M. 0000-0003-1534-3025 dakob@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1534-3025","contributorId":4980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akob","given":"Denise","email":"dakob@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5058,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Küsel, Kirsten","contributorId":96191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Küsel","given":"Kirsten","affiliations":[{"id":13425,"text":"Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":488531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}