Despite extensive range overlap between Great Basin gopher snakes (Pituophis catenifer deserticola) and Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) within sagebrush ecosystems, there are few documented predator–prey interactions between these species. Although gopher snakes have been observed preying on nests of other prairie grouse, studies that used video-monitoring at sage-grouse nests found gopher snakes unable to consume sage-grouse eggs and reported just a single instance of a snake consuming a <1-day-old chick in a nest bowl. On the morning of 4 June 2018 at 04:55, we observed a Great Basin gopher snake killing, constricting, and attempting to consume a 19-day-old sage-grouse chick in the foothills of the Owyhee Mountains, southwestern Idaho. This observation is the first record of a gopher snake killing a sage-grouse chick during the late brood-rearing period and highlights the likelihood that large gopher snakes are a cause of chick mortality from hatch day to at least 19 days post-hatch.
","language":"English","publisher":"Brigham Young University","doi":"10.3398/064.080.0107","usgsCitation":"McIntire, S.E., Rabon, J.C., Coates, P.S., Ricca, M.A., and Johnson, T.N., 2020, Greater sage-grouse chick killed by Great Basin gopher snake: Western North American Naturalist, v. 80, no. 1, p. 70-73, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.080.0107.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"73","ipdsId":"IP-110082","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373698,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","county":"Owyhee County","otherGeospatial":"Owyhee 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America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regionally Optimized Background Earthquake Rates from ETAS (ROBERE) for probabilistic seismic hazard assessment","docAbstract":"We use an epidemic‐type aftershock sequence (ETAS) based approach to develop a regionally optimized background earthquake rates from ETAS (ROBERE) method for probabilistic seismic hazard assessment. ROBERE fits parameters to the full seismicity catalog for a region with maximum‐likelihood estimation, including uncertainty. It then averages the earthquake rates over a suite of catalogs from which foreshocks and aftershocks have been removed using stochastic declustering while maintaining the same Gaussian smoothing currently used for the U.S. Geological Survey National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM). The NSHM currently determines these rates by smoothing a single catalog from which foreshocks and aftershocks have been removed using the method of Gardner and Knopoff (1974; hereafter, GK74). The parameters used in GK74 were determined from subjectively identified aftershock sequences, unlike ROBERE, in which both background rate and aftershock triggering parameters are objectively fitted. A major difference between the impacts of the two methods is GK74 significantly reduces the
This is a summary chapter of a multichapter volume that includes a brief description of the study area and descriptions of the hydrogeologic framework, numerical groundwater-flow model, and estimates of simulated changes to groundwater levels of the Truxton aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205017A","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Mason J.P., Knight, J.E., Ball, L.B. Kennedy, J.R., Bills, D.J., and Macy, J.P., 2020, Groundwater availability in the Truxton basin, northwestern Arizona, chap. A of Mason, J.P., ed., Geophysical surveys, hydrogeologic characterization, and groundwater flow model for the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau, northwestern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5017, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205017A.","productDescription":"vi, 14 p.","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-106205","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399684,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_109883.htm"},{"id":373639,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5017/a/sir20205017_chap_a.pdf","text":"Report","size":"11.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":373500,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5017/a/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Truxton basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.0333,\n 35.3039\n ],\n [\n -113.1667,\n 35.3039\n ],\n [\n -113.1667,\n 36.1636\n ],\n [\n -114.0333,\n 36.1636\n ],\n [\n -114.0333,\n 35.3039\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
A three-dimensional, numerical groundwater flow model of the Hualapai Plateau and Truxton basin was developed to assist water-resource managers in understanding the potential effects of projected groundwater withdrawals on groundwater levels and storage in the basin. The Truxton Basin Hydrologic Model (TBHM) is a transient model that simulates the hydrologic system for the years 1976 through 2139, including hypothetical low-, medium-, and high-groundwater withdrawal scenarios beginning in 2020. The simulated effects of these withdrawal scenarios are presented as groundwater-level changes from the year 2020 to 2070, and from 2020 to 2140. Hydrologic properties in the TBHM are derived from calibration of a steady-state model of the predevelopment (before 1976) groundwater system. The future pumping scenarios are each simulated with three different interpretations of basin depth supported by geophysical data. For each of the resulting nine transient models, a Monte Carlo approach is used to produce a range of possible and probable groundwater-level changes at points throughout the basin given probabilistic ranges of hydrologically reasonable aquifer property values supported by the model calibration results. The ensemble of models that simulate the future pumping scenarios include pumping from the existing well field (three wells) plus additional pumping from a proposed new well. Simulated high future pumping increases progressively to 1,840 acre-feet per year in 2120 and produces a range of drawdowns between 20 and 39 feet (ft) near the pumping center, with a median drawdown of 28 ft. The low future pumping scenario, which increases progressively to 650 acre-ft per year in 2120, produces a range of drawdowns between 5 and 15 ft, with a median drawdown of 10 ft at the same location over the same period of time.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205017E","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Knight, J.E., 2020, Simulation of groundwater-level changes from projected groundwater withdrawals in the Truxton basin, northwestern Arizona, chap. E of Mason, J.P., ed., Geophysical surveys, hydrogeologic characterization, and groundwater flow model for the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau, northwestern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5017, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205017E.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 39 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-108383","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399689,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_109887.htm"},{"id":373648,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9O2WGLS","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW-NWT groundwater model used for simulating potential future pumping scenarios and forecasting associated groundwater-level changes in the Truxton aquifer on the Hualapai Reservation and adjacent areas, Mohave County, Arizona"},{"id":373647,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5017/e/sir20205017_chap_e.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020-5017 Chapter E"},{"id":373504,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5017/e/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Truxton basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.05,\n 35.2403\n ],\n [\n -113.18,\n 35.2403\n ],\n [\n -113.18,\n 36.1656\n ],\n [\n -114.05,\n 36.1656\n ],\n [\n -114.05,\n 35.2403\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
The geology of northwestern Arizona is prominently displayed on the canyon and cliff walls that compose the high-desert landscape of the Hualapai Plateau and that border the Truxton basin. The Truxton basin is a small topographic basin filled with Quaternary and Tertiary deposits and volcanic rock (about 1,600 feet thick near Truxton, Arizona) that overlie Proterozoic crystalline metamorphic rocks in the west or Cambrian sedimentary rocks in the east. The Hualapai Plateau is a large block of Paleozoic-age sedimentary rocks that are dissected by many deep canyons. Most surface-water drainages in the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau are ephemeral and flow only in response to significant precipitation events, but a few drainages have perennial reaches that are supported by groundwater discharge from springs. Saturated basin-fill sediments in the Truxton basin compose the Truxton aquifer, which is currently used as a water supply for the community of Peach Springs, Arizona, and supplies a small number of livestock and domestic wells. Usable groundwater on the Hualapai Plateau is in either perched water-bearing zones close to land surface or in the Muav Limestone aquifer at depths of greater than 2,000 feet below land surface. To date, only two test wells have been drilled through the Muav Limestone on the Hualapai Plateau, and neither of those wells encountered water in the limestone, indicating the unit is not saturated in all areas of the plateau.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205017B","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Mason, J.P., Bills, D.J., and Macy, J.P., 2020, Geology and hydrology of the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau, northwestern Arizona, chap. B of Mason, J.P., ed., Geophysical surveys, hydrogeologic characterization, and groundwater flow model for the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau, northwestern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5017, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205017B.","productDescription":"iv, 9 p.","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-115098","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373640,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5017/b/sir20205017_chap_b.pdf","text":"Report","size":"21 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020-5017 Chapter B"},{"id":399685,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_109884.htm"},{"id":373501,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5017/b/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Hualapai Plateau, Truxton Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.2125,\n 35.2281\n ],\n [\n -113.0603,\n 35.2281\n ],\n [\n -113.0603,\n 36.2139\n ],\n [\n -114.2125,\n 36.2139\n ],\n [\n -114.2125,\n 35.2281\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
Director,
Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
The area surrounding the Grand Canyon has spectacular outcrop exposure in the modern canyon walls, leading to stratigraphic contact delineations that are well constrained near canyons yet poorly constrained where the terrain remains undissected and relatively unexplored by boreholes. An airborne electromagnetic and magnetic survey of the western Hualapai Indian Reservation and surrounding areas was undertaken to support the development of a three-dimensional hydrostratigraphic framework of the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau. These data were used to develop models of the resistivity structure with total depths of investigation ranging from 200 meters in the most conductive parts of the Truxton basin to more than 600 meters in the higher resistivity areas underlying the Hualapai Plateau. The modeled resistivity structure was used in conjunction with geologic maps, well lithologic records, and results from gravity models of the depth to bedrock to develop high-resolution regional interpretations of the elevation of the Muav Limestone-Bright Angel Shale contact and the top of the crystalline basement. These contacts are conceptualized to serve as the base of the Paleozoic limestone aquifers primarily underlying the Hualapai Plateau and the Tertiary-Quaternary sedimentary and volcanic aquifers of the Truxton basin, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205017D","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Ball, L.B., 2020, Major hydrostratigraphic contacts of the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau, northwestern Arizona, developed from airborne electromagnetic data, chap. D of Mason, J.P., ed., Geophysical surveys, hydrogeologic characterization, and groundwater flow model for the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau, northwestern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5017, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205017D.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 24 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-108191","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399687,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_109886.htm"},{"id":373646,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P91OLJN3","linkHelpText":"Airborne electromagnetic and magnetic survey data from the western Hualapai Indian Reservation near Grand Canyon West and Peach Springs, Arizona, 2018"},{"id":373503,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5017/d/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":373645,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5017/d/sir20205017_chap_d.pdf","text":"Report","size":"27 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020-5017 Chapter D"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Hualapai Plateau, Truxton basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.2125,\n 35.2281\n ],\n [\n -113.0603,\n 35.2281\n ],\n [\n -113.0603,\n 36.2139\n ],\n [\n -114.2125,\n 36.2139\n ],\n [\n -114.2125,\n 35.2281\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
This study was developed to assess if groundwater from the western Hualapai Plateau could be used to supply developments in the Grand Canyon West area of the Hualapai Indian Reservation and to collect hydrogeologic data for future use in a numerical groundwater model for the reservation. Ground-based geophysical surveys; existing well, spring, and other hydrogeologic information from previous studies; and new well and spring data collected for this study were used to provide a better understanding of the hydrogeology of the western Hualapai Plateau.
Surface geophysical data provided information on the depth and geologic structure of lower Paleozoic rock units and Proterozoic crystalline and metamorphic rocks that underlie the western Hualapai Plateau. The surface geophysical data and discharge information from springs were used to select a site to drill and develop the U.S. Geological Survey Hualapai Test Well.
The Hualapai Test Well was drilled to understand the geophysical properties of geologic formations at depth. These data were used to verify the results of surface geophysical data and to evaluate if sufficient water was present in the Hualapai Test Well for potential groundwater development. The Hualapai Test Well was drilled to a depth of 2,468 feet and bottomed in Proterozoic granite. Water was expected in the lower part of the Muav Limestone, but water was not observed until the Tapeats Sandstone at a depth of 2,400 feet. The Tapeats Sandstone was determined to be confined with a hydrostatic head of over 900 feet. A 48-hour pumping test was conducted to determine aquifer properties. Low specific capacity indicated that although groundwater is present in the Tapeats Sandstone, well yields are likely to be small. A water-quality sample indicated the sample had a calcium, magnesium-bicarbonate water type with a total dissolved-solids concentration of 371 milligrams per liter. Alpha radioactivity of the sample, 18.3 picocuries per liter, exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level of 15 picocuries per liter for drinking water. Concentrations of iron and manganese in the water sample also exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency secondary maximum contaminant levels for drinking water.
An inventory of wells and springs provided insight into the occurrence of groundwater on the western Hualapai Plateau. Data from 56 springs on and adjacent to the western Hualapai Plateau were compiled for this study, and new data were collected at 31 springs. Discharge from springs visited for this study ranged from dry to about 345 gallons per minute. The temporal data from springs, where repeat measurements were available, indicated that spring flow is highly variable and likely related to seasonal and annual precipitation. Water levels from 36 wells on and adjacent to the western Hualapai Plateau were compiled for this study, and new water levels were collected at 5 wells. The spring and well data in conjunction with the Hualapai Test Well results indicated that on the western Hualapai Plateau, bedrock aquifers have limited discrete flow paths that make extensive groundwater development unlikely.
Director,
Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
Radio‐telemetry is a commonly used scientific technique that allows researchers to collect detailed movement, habitat use, and survival data of animals; however, evidence indicates that using telemetry can affect behavior and survival. Using multiple breeding colonies and years, we investigated the effects of attached radio‐transmitters on growth and survival of Forster's tern (Sterna forsteri ) chicks in San Francisco Bay, California, USA, 2010–2011. We tested these potential effects at isolated islands that allowed for high re‐capture rates (typically >85%) in radio‐marked and banded‐only chicks. Modeled Gompertz growth curves suggested that transmitters had a small negative effect on some of the asymptotic growth parameters of tern chicks; tarsus (−1.5 ± 0.7% [SE]), culmen (−1.7 ± 1.2%), and wing (−4.9 ± 2.0%) lengths were shorter for radio‐marked chicks compared to banded‐only chicks. In contrast, there was no difference in asymptotic mass between radio‐marked chicks and banded‐only chicks. Survival from hatching to fledging was lower for radio‐marked chicks than banded‐only chicks during 2010 (banded‐only = 0.313 ± 0.162 vs. radio‐marked = 0.250 ± 0.165) and 2011 (0.193 ± 0.030 vs. 0.123 ± 0.027). Most of the transmitter effect occurred within the first week after hatching, rather than in older chicks. Notably, the effect of transmitters on chick survival was primarily additive, indicating that the effect of transmitters on radio‐marked chicks was not influenced by other ecological covariates. Given the effect radio‐transmitters had on survival did not change across temporal or ecological gradients, transmitters can still be used to evaluate ecological factors affecting survival and timing of mortality and radio‐marked birds can be used to make inferences to the general population.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21864","usgsCitation":"Herzog, M.P., Ackerman, J.T., Hartman, C.A., and Peterson, S.H., 2020, Transmitter effects on growth and survival of Forster’s tern chicks: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 84, no. 5, p. 891-901, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21864.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"891","endPage":"901","ipdsId":"IP-113026","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377393,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.13775634765625,\n 37.4113460970232\n ],\n [\n -121.92386627197266,\n 37.4113460970232\n ],\n [\n -121.92386627197266,\n 37.505368263398104\n ],\n [\n -122.13775634765625,\n 37.505368263398104\n ],\n [\n -122.13775634765625,\n 37.4113460970232\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herzog, Mark P. 0000-0002-5203-2835 mherzog@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5203-2835","contributorId":131158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"Mark","email":"mherzog@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":202848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hartman, C. Alex 0000-0002-7222-1633 chartman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-1633","contributorId":131157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"C.","email":"chartman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alex","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peterson, Sarah H. 0000-0003-2773-3901 sepeterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2773-3901","contributorId":167181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Sarah","email":"sepeterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70211857,"text":"70211857 - 2020 - A pan-African high-resolution drought index dataset","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-13T20:49:05.342953","indexId":"70211857","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-30T15:48:21","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1426,"text":"Earth System Science Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A pan-African high-resolution drought index dataset","docAbstract":"Droughts in Africa cause severe problems, such as crop failure, food shortages, famine, epidemics and even mass migration. To minimize the effects of drought on water and food security on Africa, a high-resolution drought dataset is essential to establish robust drought hazard probabilities and to assess drought vulnerability considering a multi- and cross-sectional perspective that includes crops, hydrological systems, rangeland and environmental systems. Such assessments are essential for policymakers, their advisors and other stakeholders to respond to the pressing humanitarian issues caused by these environmental hazards. In this study, a high spatial resolution Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) drought dataset is presented to support these assessments. We compute historical SPEI data based on Climate Hazards group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) precipitation estimates and Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) potential evaporation estimates. The high-resolution SPEI dataset (SPEI-HR) presented here spans from 1981 to 2016 (36 years) with 5 km spatial resolution over the whole of Africa. To facilitate the diagnosis of droughts of different durations, accumulation periods from 1 to 48 months are provided. The quality of the resulting dataset was compared with coarse-resolution SPEI based on Climatic Research Unit (CRU) Time Series (TS) datasets, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) calculated from the Global Inventory Monitoring and Modeling System (GIMMS) project and root zone soil moisture modelled by GLEAM. Agreement found between coarse-resolution SPEI from CRU TS (SPEI-CRU) and the developed SPEI-HR provides confidence in the estimation of temporal and spatial variability of droughts in Africa with SPEI-HR. In addition, agreement of SPEI-HR versus NDVI and root zone soil moisture – with an average correlation coefficient (R) of 0.54 and 0.77, respectively – further implies that SPEI-HR can provide valuable information for the study of drought-related processes and societal impacts at sub-basin and district scales in Africa. The dataset is archived in Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) via the following link: https://doi.org/10.5285/bbdfd09a04304158b366777eba0d2aeb (Peng et al., 2019a).
","language":"English","doi":"10.5194/essd-12-753-2020","usgsCitation":"Peng, J., Dawdson, S., Hirpa, F., Dyer, E., Vicento-Serrano, S., and Funk, C., 2020, A pan-African high-resolution drought index dataset: Earth System Science Data, v. 12, no. 1, p. 753-769, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-753-2020.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"753","endPage":"769","ipdsId":"IP-111573","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457233,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-753-2020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":398683,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Africa","volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peng, Jian","contributorId":223712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peng","given":"Jian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40756,"text":"Oxford","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dawdson, Simon","contributorId":223713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dawdson","given":"Simon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40757,"text":"Max Planck Institute for Meteorology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hirpa, Firaya","contributorId":223714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hirpa","given":"Firaya","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40758,"text":"Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dyer, Ellen","contributorId":223715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyer","given":"Ellen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27567,"text":"Ghent University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vicento-Serrano, Sergio","contributorId":223716,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vicento-Serrano","given":"Sergio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40759,"text":"Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPE-CSIC) Zaragoza, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Funk, Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":167070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Chris","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70228571,"text":"70228571 - 2020 - Efficacy and biases of cover object survey design for sampling eastern red-backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) at forest edge and interior locations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-14T21:42:14.684548","indexId":"70228571","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-30T15:30:55","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1894,"text":"Herpetological Conservation and Biology","onlineIssn":"2151-0733","printIssn":"1931-7603","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Efficacy and biases of cover object survey design for sampling eastern red-backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) at forest edge and interior locations","title":"Efficacy and biases of cover object survey design for sampling eastern red-backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) at forest edge and interior locations","docAbstract":"Terrestrial salamanders are adapted to moist, cool microenvironments that facilitate cutaneous respiration and decrease risk of desiccation. Warmer, drier microenvironments may induce habitat use changes by salamanders to alleviate stressful microenvironmental conditions. Changes in salamander habitat use may bias population metrics when sampling occurs in areas with different microenvironmental conditions. The objective of this study was to determine whether Plethodon cinereus (Eastern Red-backed Salamander) exhibit surface cover object refugia preferences or occupancy rate differences at sampling locations with different microenvironmental conditions and with respect to sampling day of year. We assessed P. cinereus occupancy rates and preference of surface cover refugia using artificial and natural cover objects in two sampling locations: forests along rights-of-way (EDGEFOR) and interior forests (INTFOR). Plethodon cinereus showed no preference for cover object type (coverboards, logs, and rocks) in either EDGEFOR or INTFOR sampling plots. Occupancy rates were greater under cover objects in INTFOR plots than EDGEFOR plots. Occupancy rates increased with increasing cover object width and decreased with day of year (spring-late summer) irrespective of cover object type or sampling location. Our study suggests that incorporating multiple cover object types into study designs will not incur bias resulting from preference of P. cinereus for cover objects.
","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Margenau, E.L., Wood, P.B., and Brown, D.A., 2020, Efficacy and biases of cover object survey design for sampling eastern red-backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) at forest edge and interior locations: Herpetological Conservation and Biology, v. 15, no. 2, p. 440-447.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"440","endPage":"447","ipdsId":"IP-117511","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395948,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Beury Mountain, Lewis Wetzel Wildlife Management 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A.","contributorId":276180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36400,"text":"US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70211208,"text":"70211208 - 2020 - Climate-induced expansions of invasive species in the Pacific Northwest, North America: A synthesis of observations and projections","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-17T18:29:21.992555","indexId":"70211208","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-30T13:23:24","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-induced expansions of invasive species in the Pacific Northwest, North America: A synthesis of observations and projections","docAbstract":"Climate change may facilitate the expansion of non-native invasive species (NIS) in aquatic and terrestrial systems. However, empirical evidence remains scarce and poorly synthesized at scales necessary for effective management. We conducted a literature synthesis to assess the state of research on the observed and predicted effects of climate change on a suite of 398 aquatic and terrestrial NIS now present in or a major threat to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems of the Pacific Northwest (PNW), USA and British Columbia. Surprisingly, very few studies (n = 15) have investigated the observed effects of climate change on the distribution, abundance, spread, or impact of the focal NIS, with only five studies focusing on terrestrial (n = 2) or aquatic (n = 3) species within the PNW. Only 93 studies predicted the future dynamics of the focal NIS somewhere in their non-native range using climate model projections, yielding 117 species-specific predictions. However, only 30 of those studies generated predictions that overlapped with the PNW, and only six focused specifically on the expansion or abundance of NIS (n = 11 species) entirely within the region. Although our understanding of how climate change may interact with biological invasions is notably lacking, some evidence suggests that climate-induced NIS expansions are already underway in the PNW, particularly in aquatic ecosystems, and will be exacerbated by future changes in temperature and precipitation regimes. Better information is urgently needed for managers to implement strategic prevention, early detection, and proactive actions that ameliorate ecologically and economically devastating impacts of NIS.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10530-020-02244-2","usgsCitation":"Gervais, J., Kovach, R., Sepulveda, A.J., Al-Chokhachy, R.K., Giersch, J.J., and Muhlfeld, C.C., 2020, Climate-induced expansions of invasive species in the Pacific Northwest, North America: A synthesis of observations and projections: Biological Invasions, v. 22, p. 2163-2183, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-020-02244-2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"2163","endPage":"2183","ipdsId":"IP-109006","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376477,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Northwest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.9912109375,\n 40.27952566881291\n ],\n [\n -109.8193359375,\n 40.27952566881291\n ],\n [\n -109.8193359375,\n 48.8936153614802\n ],\n [\n -125.9912109375,\n 48.8936153614802\n ],\n [\n -125.9912109375,\n 40.27952566881291\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gervais, Jennifer","contributorId":229450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gervais","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[{"id":41648,"text":"Oregon Wildlife Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kovach, Ryan P.","contributorId":126724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kovach","given":"Ryan P.","affiliations":[{"id":6580,"text":"University of Montana, Flathead Lake Biological Station, Polson, Montana 59860, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sepulveda, Adam J. 0000-0001-7621-7028 asepulveda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7621-7028","contributorId":150628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"Adam","email":"asepulveda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Al-Chokhachy, Robert K. 0000-0002-2136-5098 ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-5098","contributorId":1674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Chokhachy","given":"Robert","email":"ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Giersch, J. Joseph 0000-0001-7818-3941 jgiersch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7818-3941","contributorId":198074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giersch","given":"J.","email":"jgiersch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Joseph","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Muhlfeld, Clint C. 0000-0002-4599-4059 cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-4059","contributorId":924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"Clint","email":"cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70226976,"text":"70226976 - 2020 - Seasonal habitat use indicates that depth may mediate the potential for invasive round goby impacts in inland lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-08T15:37:05.65671","indexId":"70226976","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-30T10:28:58","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal habitat use indicates that depth may mediate the potential for invasive round goby impacts in inland lakes","docAbstract":"Satellite-based actual evapotranspiration (ETa) is becoming increasingly reliable and available for various water management and agricultural applications from water budget studies to crop performance monitoring. The Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model is currently used by the US Geological Survey (USGS) Famine Early Warning System Network (FEWS NET) to routinely produce and post multitemporal ETa and ETa anomalies online for drought monitoring and early warning purposes. Implementation of the global SSEBop using the Aqua satellite’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature and global gridded weather datasets is presented. Evaluation of the SSEBop ETa data using 12 eddy covariance (EC) flux tower sites over six continents indicated reasonable performance in capturing seasonality with a correlation coefficient up to 0.87. However, the modeled ETa seemed to show regional biases whose natures and magnitudes require a comprehensive investigation using complete water budgets and more quality-controlled EC station datasets. While the absolute magnitude of SSEBop ETa would require a one-time bias correction for use in water budget studies to address local or regional conditions, the ETa anomalies can be used without further modifications for drought monitoring. All ETa products are freely available for download from the USGS FEWS NET website.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/s20071915","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Senay, G., Kagone, S., and Velpuri, N.M., 2020, Operational global actual evapotranspiration: Development, evaluation, and dissemination, v. 7, no. 20, 1915, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/s20071915.","productDescription":"1915, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-116111","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457241,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s20071915","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437046,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9OUVUUI","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Operational Global Actual Evapotranspiration using the SSEBop model"},{"id":374752,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, Gabriel 0000-0002-8810-8539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":216910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":788972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kagone, Stefanie 0000-0002-2979-4655","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-4655","contributorId":210980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kagone","given":"Stefanie","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Velpuri, Naga M. 0000-0002-6370-1926","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6370-1926","contributorId":96183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velpuri","given":"Naga","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70209444,"text":"70209444 - 2020 - Movement-assisted localization from acoustic telemetry data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-08T12:37:57.712286","indexId":"70209444","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-30T07:36:21","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2792,"text":"Movement Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movement-assisted localization from acoustic telemetry data","docAbstract":"Acoustic telemetry technologies are being increasingly deployed to study a variety of aquatic taxa including fishes, reptiles, and marine mammals. Large cooperative telemetry networks produce vast quantities of data useful in the study of movement, resource selection and species distribution. Efficient use of acoustic telemetry data requires estimation of acoustic source locations from detections at receivers (i.e., “localization”). Multiple processes provide information for localization estimation including detection/non-detection data at receivers, information on signal rate, and an underlying movement model describing how individuals move and utilize space. Frequently, however, localization methods only integrate a subset of these processes and do not utilize the full spatial encounter history information available from receiver arrays.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/s40462-020-00199-6","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Hostetter, N., and Royle, A., 2020, Movement-assisted localization from acoustic telemetry data: Movement Ecology, v. 8, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-020-00199-6.","productDescription":"15, 13 p.","startPage":"","ipdsId":"IP-113754","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457243,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-020-00199-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":373834,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hostetter, Nathan J.","contributorId":223869,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hostetter","given":"Nathan J.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167 aroyle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":146229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","email":"aroyle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70209829,"text":"70209829 - 2020 - High-throughput sequencing reveals distinct regional genetic structure among remaining populations of an endangered salt marsh plant in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-04T17:14:15.685216","indexId":"70209829","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-30T07:31:55","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-throughput sequencing reveals distinct regional genetic structure among remaining populations of an endangered salt marsh plant in California","docAbstract":"Conservation of rare species requires careful consideration to both preserve locally adapted traits and maintain genetic diversity, as species’ ranges fluctuate in response to a changing climate and habitat loss. Salt marsh systems in California have been highly modified and many salt marsh obligate species have undergone range reductions and habitat loss with concomitant losses of genetic diversity and connectivity. Remaining salt marshes are threatened by rising sea levels, and so these habitats will likely require active restoration and re-establishment efforts. This study aims to provide a reference point for the current status of genetic diversity and range-wide population structure of a federally and state listed endangered plant, Salt Marsh Bird’s Beak (Chloropyron maritimum subsp. maritimum) that can inform future preservation and restoration efforts. We used historical data and current monitoring information to locate and sample all known occurrences throughout the species range in Southern California, and three additional occurrences from Baja California, Mexico. We used flow cytometry and single nucleotide polymorphic markers (SNPs), generated by double-digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD), to assess relative ploidy, and estimate genetic diversity and population structure across the region. Overall, we found four to five distinct genetic clusters that coincide with geographic regions. Genetic diversity was greatest in the southern part of the range including Baja California and San Diego. These findings can bolster management and restoration efforts by identifying potentially isolated occurrences and areas that are rich sources of allelic diversity, and by providing insight into the amount of genetic differentiation across the species range.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10592-020-01269-3","usgsCitation":"Milano, E.R., Mulligan, M.R., Rebman, J.P., and Vandergast, A.G., 2020, High-throughput sequencing reveals distinct regional genetic structure among remaining populations of an endangered salt marsh plant in California: Conservation Genetics, v. 21, p. 547-559, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-020-01269-3.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"547","endPage":"559","ipdsId":"IP-112923","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374396,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.201171875,\n 32.65787573695528\n ],\n [\n -116.103515625,\n 32.65787573695528\n ],\n [\n -116.103515625,\n 35.460669951495305\n ],\n [\n -121.201171875,\n 35.460669951495305\n ],\n [\n -121.201171875,\n 32.65787573695528\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milano, Elizabeth R. 0000-0003-4143-9303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4143-9303","contributorId":210607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milano","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mulligan, Margaret R","contributorId":224408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mulligan","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[{"id":40878,"text":"San Diego Natural History Museum, San Diego, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":788207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rebman, Jon P.","contributorId":145616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rebman","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":16175,"text":"San Diego Natural History Museum","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":788208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vandergast, Amy G. 0000-0002-7835-6571 avandergast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-6571","contributorId":3963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergast","given":"Amy","email":"avandergast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70209855,"text":"70209855 - 2020 - Molecular indicators of methane metabolisms at cold seeps along the United States Atlantic margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-01T12:34:54.893408","indexId":"70209855","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-30T07:24:46","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular indicators of methane metabolisms at cold seeps along the United States Atlantic margin","docAbstract":"A lipid biomarker study was undertaken to determine the microbial composition and variability in authigenic carbonates and associated soft bottom habitats from the Norfolk and the Baltimore Canyon seep fields along the US mid-Atlantic margin. Results from this study capture a distinct molecular signal from methane oxidizing archaea, including archaeol (I), sn-2-hydroxyarchaeol, pentamethylicosane (PMI), and crocetane. These consortia of methane-oxidizing Archaea have been identified as carrying out anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM), thereby favoring the precipitation of methane derived authigneic carbonates. The carbon isotope (δ13C) values of AOM-related lipids were strongly depleted in 13C, (i.e., archaeol: -91.64 ‰, sn-2-hydroxyarchaeol: -129.18 ‰, pentamethylicosane (PMI); -131.36 ‰, and crocetane: -70.94 ‰), confirming the dominance of methane as the dominant carbon source for the Archaea during AOM fractionation. The presence of terminally branched fatty acids such as the antesio- and iso-C15:0 components, diagnostic of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), and their depleted δ13C signature (-107.6 ‰), supports syntrophy of SRB with methane-oxidizing archaea. While lipid biomarker profiles of authigenic carbonates biomarker are similar to those found in the seep sediment, suggesting a similar microbial assemblage within the seep-microbiome, a range in lipid composition, distribution, and isotopic signature between seep sites and matrix type suggests AOM is performed by multiple archaeal sources, instead of a single archaeal species.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2020.119603","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Prouty, N.G., Campbell, P.L., Close, H., Biddle, J.F., and Beckmann, S., 2020, Molecular indicators of methane metabolisms at cold seeps along the United States Atlantic margin: Chemical Geology, v. 119603, 542, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2020.119603.","productDescription":"542, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-104562","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2020.119603","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":374429,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic margin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.79541015625,\n 39.757879992021756\n ],\n [\n -74.2236328125,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -74.70703125,\n 36.59788913307022\n ],\n [\n -74.619140625,\n 34.92197103616377\n ],\n [\n -76.83837890625,\n 34.08906131584994\n ],\n [\n -77.45361328125,\n 33.284619968887675\n ],\n [\n -76.13525390624999,\n 32.58384932565662\n ],\n [\n -73.65234375,\n 32.37996146435729\n ],\n [\n -70.927734375,\n 33.578014746143985\n ],\n [\n -68.66455078125,\n 36.03133177633187\n ],\n [\n -67.78564453125,\n 39.774769485295465\n ],\n [\n -69.3896484375,\n 40.094882122321145\n ],\n [\n -72.79541015625,\n 39.757879992021756\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"119603","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prouty, Nancy G. 0000-0002-8922-0688 nprouty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8922-0688","contributorId":3350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"Nancy","email":"nprouty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, Pamela L. 0000-0001-7056-4352","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7056-4352","contributorId":211947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":788288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Close, Hilary G.","contributorId":199931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Close","given":"Hilary","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Biddle, Jennifer F.","contributorId":224433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biddle","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beckmann, Sabrina","contributorId":224434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beckmann","given":"Sabrina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70212867,"text":"70212867 - 2020 - Activation of optimally and unfavourably oriented faults in a uniform local stress field during the 2011 Prague, Oklahoma, sequence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-02T01:12:28.451539","indexId":"70212867","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-29T20:08:19","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Activation of optimally and unfavourably oriented faults in a uniform local stress field during the 2011 Prague, Oklahoma, sequence","docAbstract":"The orientations of faults activated relative to the local principal stress directions can provide insights into the role of pore pressure changes in induced earthquake sequences. Here, we examine the 2011 M 5.7 Prague earthquake sequence that was induced by nearby wastewater disposal. We estimate the local principal compressive stress direction near the rupture as inferred from shear wave splitting measurements at spatial resolutions as small as 750 m. We find that the dominant azimuth observed is parallel to previous estimates of the regional compressive stress with some secondary azimuths oriented subparallel to the strike of the major fault structures. From an extended catalogue, we map ten distinct fault segments activated during the sequence that exhibit a wide array of orientations. We assess whether the five near-vertical fault planes are optimally oriented to fail in the determined stress field. We find that only two of the fault planes, including the M 5.7 main shock fault, are optimally oriented. Both the M 4.8 foreshock and M 4.8 aftershock occur on fault planes that deviate 20–29° from the optimal orientation for slip. Our results confirm that induced event sequences can occur on faults not optimally oriented for failure in the local stress field. The results suggest elevated pore fluid pressures likely induced failure along several of the faults activated in the 2011 Prague sequence.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggaa153","usgsCitation":"Cochran, E.S., Skoumal, R., McPhillips, D., Ross, Z., and Keranen, K.M., 2020, Activation of optimally and unfavourably oriented faults in a uniform local stress field during the 2011 Prague, Oklahoma, sequence: Geophysical Journal International, v. 222, no. 1, p. 153-168, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa153.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"153","endPage":"168","ipdsId":"IP-112912","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa153","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":378084,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","city":"Prague","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.83349609375,\n 35.34425514918409\n ],\n [\n -96.54510498046875,\n 35.34425514918409\n ],\n [\n -96.54510498046875,\n 35.65394870599763\n ],\n [\n -96.83349609375,\n 35.65394870599763\n ],\n [\n -96.83349609375,\n 35.34425514918409\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"222","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cochran, Elizabeth S. 0000-0003-2485-4484 ecochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484","contributorId":2025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ecochran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skoumal, Robert","contributorId":217693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skoumal","given":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McPhillips, Devin 0000-0003-1987-9249","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1987-9249","contributorId":217362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPhillips","given":"Devin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ross, Z.","contributorId":215300,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13711,"text":"Caltech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Keranen, Katie M.","contributorId":197630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keranen","given":"Katie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":797731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70220206,"text":"70220206 - 2020 - Hillslope groundwater discharges provide localized ecosystem buffers from regional PFAS contamination in a gaining coastal stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-27T13:19:56.792469","indexId":"70220206","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-29T08:04:39","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hillslope groundwater discharges provide localized ecosystem buffers from regional PFAS contamination in a gaining coastal stream","docAbstract":"Emerging groundwater contaminants such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may impact surface-water quality and groundwater-dependent ecosystems of gaining streams. Although complex near-surface hydrogeology of stream corridors challenges sampling efforts, recent advances in heat tracing of discharge zones enable efficient and informed data collection. For this study we used a combination of streambed temperature push-probe and thermal infrared methods to guide a discharge-zone-oriented sample collection along approximately 6 km of a coastal trout stream on Cape Cod, MA where groundwater discharge constitutes approximately 95% of total streamflow. Eight surface-water locations and discharging groundwater from 24 streambed and bank seepages were analyzed for dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, stable water isotopes, and a range of PFAS compounds which are contaminants of emerging concern in aquatic environments. The results indicate a complex system of groundwater discharge source flowpaths, where the sum of concentrations of six PFAS compounds (Environmental Protection Agency third Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule UCMR 3) showed a median concentration of 52 331 (SD) ng/L with two higher outliers and three discharges with non-detection of PFAS. Higher UCMR 3 PFAS concentration was related -0.66 (Spearman Rank, p<0.001) to discharging groundwater that showed an evaporative signature (deuterium excess), indicating flow through at least one upgradient kettle lake. Therefore, more regional groundwater flowpaths originating from outside the local river corridor tended to show higher PFAS concentrations as evaluated at their respective discharge zones. Conversely, UCMR 3 PFAS concentrations were typically low at discharges that did not indicate evaporation and were adjacent to steep hillslopes and, therefore, were classified as locally recharged groundwater. Previous research at this stream found that the native brook trout favor discharge points of groundwater recharged on local hillslopes for spawning, likely in response to generally higher levels of dissolved oxygen compared to discharge zones located further away from hillslopes. Our study shows that the trout may thereby be avoiding emerging contaminants such as PFAS in groundwater recharged farther from the stream.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.13752","usgsCitation":"Briggs, M.A., Tokranov, A.K., Hull, R.B., LeBlanc, D.R., Haynes, A., and Lane, J., 2020, Hillslope groundwater discharges provide localized ecosystem buffers from regional PFAS contamination in a gaining coastal stream: Hydrological Processes, v. 34, no. 10, p. 2281-2291, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13752.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2281","endPage":"2291","ipdsId":"IP-117276","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385320,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod, Quashnet River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.24932861328125,\n 42.06356771883277\n ],\n [\n -70.2081298828125,\n 42.02481360781777\n ],\n [\n -70.1806640625,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -70.16693115234375,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -70.18890380859375,\n 42.04317376494972\n ],\n [\n -70.16143798828125,\n 42.06356771883277\n ],\n [\n -70.11199951171875,\n 42.04113400940807\n ],\n [\n -70.07904052734375,\n 41.92475971933975\n ],\n [\n -70.0653076171875,\n 41.89818843043047\n ],\n [\n -70.0543212890625,\n 41.920672548686824\n ],\n [\n -70.02960205078125,\n 41.92271616673922\n ],\n [\n -70.0213623046875,\n 41.887965758804484\n ],\n [\n -70.00762939453125,\n 41.81021999190292\n ],\n [\n -70.07080078125,\n 41.777456667491066\n ],\n [\n -70.125732421875,\n 41.76106872528616\n ],\n [\n -70.16693115234375,\n 41.75492216766298\n ],\n [\n -70.20263671875,\n 41.748775021355044\n ],\n [\n -70.257568359375,\n 41.7180304600481\n ],\n [\n -70.279541015625,\n 41.72828028223453\n ],\n [\n -70.345458984375,\n 41.74262728637672\n ],\n [\n -70.44158935546875,\n 41.75287318430239\n ],\n [\n -70.49102783203125,\n 41.77336007442076\n ],\n [\n -70.55145263671875,\n 41.775408403663285\n ],\n [\n -70.587158203125,\n 41.748775021355044\n ],\n [\n -70.6201171875,\n 41.73647896274239\n ],\n [\n -70.65582275390625,\n 41.68316883525891\n ],\n [\n -70.6475830078125,\n 41.64213096472801\n ],\n [\n -70.653076171875,\n 41.60312076451184\n ],\n [\n -70.64208984375,\n 41.57436130598913\n ],\n [\n -70.78765869140625,\n 41.47771800887871\n ],\n [\n -70.94146728515625,\n 41.42625319507269\n ],\n [\n -70.94970703125,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n -70.86181640625,\n 41.41801503608024\n ],\n [\n -70.784912109375,\n 41.4509614012039\n ],\n [\n -70.653076171875,\n 41.51680395810118\n ],\n [\n -70.6201171875,\n 41.541477666790286\n ],\n [\n -70.5487060546875,\n 41.53531012183376\n ],\n [\n -70.48828125,\n 41.54764462357737\n ],\n [\n -70.4443359375,\n 41.588742636696765\n ],\n [\n -70.43060302734375,\n 41.60517452129933\n ],\n [\n -70.39764404296875,\n 41.60722821271717\n ],\n [\n -70.367431640625,\n 41.61749568924243\n ],\n [\n -70.3125,\n 41.6257084937525\n ],\n [\n -70.26580810546875,\n 41.60928183876483\n ],\n [\n -70.24108886718749,\n 41.6257084937525\n ],\n [\n -70.17791748046875,\n 41.65239288426814\n ],\n [\n -70.13946533203124,\n 41.65034063112266\n ],\n [\n -70.06805419921875,\n 41.66470503009207\n ],\n [\n -70.015869140625,\n 41.668808555620586\n ],\n [\n -69.98016357421875,\n 41.65239288426814\n ],\n [\n -70.0103759765625,\n 41.566141964768384\n ],\n [\n -70.0103759765625,\n 41.539421883822854\n ],\n [\n -69.9884033203125,\n 41.54764462357737\n ],\n [\n -69.98016357421875,\n 41.59490508367679\n ],\n [\n -69.92523193359375,\n 41.68316883525891\n ],\n [\n -69.93072509765625,\n 41.81431422987254\n ],\n [\n -69.97467041015625,\n 41.94927724511655\n ],\n [\n -70.048828125,\n 42.039094188385945\n ],\n [\n -70.13397216796875,\n 42.07783959017503\n ],\n [\n -70.21087646484375,\n 42.08803181932636\n ],\n [\n -70.24932861328125,\n 42.06356771883277\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-04-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Briggs, Martin A. 0000-0003-3206-4132 mbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":4114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin","email":"mbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - 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Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":210076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John W.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70211926,"text":"70211926 - 2020 - Channel narrowing by inset floodplain formation of the lower Green River in the Canyonlands region, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-13T15:49:48.618701","indexId":"70211926","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-27T14:38:38","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Channel narrowing by inset floodplain formation of the lower Green River in the Canyonlands region, Utah","docAbstract":"The lower Green River episodically narrowed between the mid-1930s and present day through deposition of new floodplains within a wider channel that had been established and/or maintained during the early twentieth century pluvial period. Comparison of air photos spanning a 74-yr period (1940−2014) and covering a 61 km study area shows that the channel narrowed by 12% from 138 ± 3.4 m to 122 ± 2.1 m. Stratigraphic and sedimentologic analysis and tree ring dating of a floodplain trench corroborates the air photo analysis and suggests that the initial phase of floodplain formation began by the mid-1930s, approximately the same time that the flow regime decreased in total annual and peak annual flow. Tamarisk, a nonnative shrub, began to establish in the 1930s as well. Narrowing from the 1940s to the mid-1980s was insignificant, because floodplain formation was approximately matched by bank erosion. Air photo analysis demonstrates that the most significant episode of narrowing was underway by the late 1980s, and analysis of the trench shows that floodplain formation had begun in the mid-1980s during a multi-year period of low peak annual flow. Air photo analysis shows that mean channel width decreased by ∼7% between 1993 and 2009. A new phase of narrowing may have begun in 2003, based on evidence in the trench. Comparison of field surveys made in 1998 and 2015 in an 8.5 km reach near Fort Bottom suggests that narrowing continues and demonstrates that new floodplain formation has been a very small proportion of the total annual fine sediment flux of the Green River. Vertical accretion of new floodplains near Fort Bottom averaged 2.4 m between 1998 and 2015 but only accounted for ∼1.5% of the estimated fine sediment flux during that period. Flood control by Flaming Gorge Dam after 1962 significantly influenced flow regime, reducing the magnitude of the annual snowmelt flood and increasing the magnitude of base flows. Though narrowing was initiated by changes in flow regime, native and nonnative riparian vegetation promoted floodplain formation and channel narrowing especially through establishment on channel bars and incipient floodplains during years of small annual floods.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B35233.1","usgsCitation":"Walker, A.E., Moore, J.N., Grams, P.E., Dean, D.J., and Schmidt, J.C., 2020, Channel narrowing by inset floodplain formation of the lower Green River in the Canyonlands region, Utah: GSA Bulletin, v. 132, no. 11-12, p. 2333-2352, https://doi.org/10.1130/B35233.1.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"2333","endPage":"2352","ipdsId":"IP-104944","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437047,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9RNMPLN","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Channel narrowing data for the lower Green River in the Canyonlands region, Utah, USA"},{"id":380513,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Canyonlands National Park, Green River, Tower Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.1218032836914,\n 38.306102934215616\n ],\n [\n -109.90276336669922,\n 38.306102934215616\n ],\n [\n -109.90276336669922,\n 38.518623540576485\n ],\n [\n -110.1218032836914,\n 38.518623540576485\n ],\n [\n -110.1218032836914,\n 38.306102934215616\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"132","issue":"11-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, Alexander E. awalker@usgs.gov","contributorId":5267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Alexander","email":"awalker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Johnnie N.","contributorId":102532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Johnnie","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":795837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grams, Paul E. 0000-0002-0873-0708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0873-0708","contributorId":216115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grams","given":"Paul","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dean, David J. 0000-0003-0203-088X djdean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0203-088X","contributorId":131047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"David","email":"djdean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmidt, John C. 0000-0002-2988-3869 jcschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2988-3869","contributorId":1983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"John","email":"jcschmidt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}