{"pageNumber":"63","pageRowStart":"1550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11370,"records":[{"id":70197071,"text":"70197071 - 2017 - Introduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-12T11:20:55","indexId":"70197071","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Introduction","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Dynamic geology of the Northern Cordillera (Alaska and western Canada) and adjacent marine areas: Tectonics, hazards, and resources","language":"English","publisher":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","usgsCitation":"Nokleberg, W.J., 2017, Introduction, chap. of Dynamic geology of the Northern Cordillera (Alaska and western Canada) and adjacent marine areas: Tectonics, hazards, and resources, E-book.","productDescription":"E-book","ipdsId":"IP-074028","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354210,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://scholarworks.alaska.edu/handle/11122/7994"},{"id":354937,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e64ee4b060350a15d276","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bundtzen, Thomas K.","contributorId":83560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bundtzen","given":"Thomas K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737704,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737705,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Price, Raymond A.","contributorId":205543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Price","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737706,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scholl, David W. 0000-0001-6500-6962 dscholl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6500-6962","contributorId":3738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"David","email":"dscholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737707,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stone, David B.","contributorId":65324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"David B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737708,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70196881,"text":"70196881 - 2017 - Geologic road guides for the Southern Canadian Cordillera--Viewing geology and tectonics along major highways","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-13T10:29:11","indexId":"70196881","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geologic road guides for the Southern Canadian Cordillera--Viewing geology and tectonics along major highways","docAbstract":"The Geologic Road Guides for the Southern Canadian Cordillera provide a layperson’s understanding of the major geologic units and their tectonic origins along portions of two sets of major highways corridors, herein termed the Southern Road Guide and the Northern Road Guide. The two routes are shown on the Southern Canadian Cordillera Geologic Map. The first page of each Road Guide is this map that has Hot Spots for each site.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Dynamic geology of the Northern Cordillera (Alaska and western Canada) and adjacent marine areas: Tectonics, hazards, and resources","language":"English","publisher":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","usgsCitation":"Nokleberg, W.J., and Price, R.A., 2017, Geologic road guides for the Southern Canadian Cordillera--Viewing geology and tectonics along major highways, chap. of Dynamic geology of the Northern Cordillera (Alaska and western Canada) and adjacent marine areas: Tectonics, hazards, and resources, E-book.","productDescription":"E-book","ipdsId":"IP-073136","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354959,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":354958,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11122/7994"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e64ee4b060350a15d280","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bundtzen, Thomas K.","contributorId":192968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bundtzen","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737871,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737792,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Price, Raymond A.","contributorId":205543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Price","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737793,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scholl, David W. 0000-0001-6500-6962 dscholl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6500-6962","contributorId":3738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"David","email":"dscholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737872,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stone, David B.","contributorId":65324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"David B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737873,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Price, Raymond A.","contributorId":205543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Price","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70195207,"text":"70195207 - 2017 - Environment and science","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-20T18:16:57.676628","indexId":"70195207","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"9","title":"Environment and science","docAbstract":"Alaska is part of an international circumpolar North, which makes the United States an Arctic nation. Alaska is a place of Indigenous ingenuity and adaptation, a place where environmental extremes challenge the ways of living. In its more recent history, Alaska has been a place of resources and influx-a land known best for what it provides. This frontier persona, with its sourdoughs and prospectors, has not been easily shed, but Alaska today is pivotal because it represents America's North and a complex and changing Arctic. North: Finding Place in Alaska explores the state's various facets through exhibitions and artifacts at the Anchorage Museum and the words of a diverse selection of writers, curators, historians, anthropologists, and artists. From romantic landscapes by Rockwell Kent and Thomas Hill, to the art and spirituality of Alaska's Native peoples represented by a bentwood feast dish and a uniquely carved hook for catching halibut, this collection examines connections throughout the circumpolar North. No longer as remote as once thought, Alaska serves as a narrative for our future.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"North: Finding place in Alaska","language":"English","publisher":"University of Washington Press","usgsCitation":"Pearce, J.M., and Talbot, S.L., 2017, Environment and science, chap. 9 of North: Finding place in Alaska.","ipdsId":"IP-076247","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351536,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351154,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.washington.edu/uwpress/search/books/DECNOR.html#contents"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee7c7e4b0da30c1bfc374","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70193280,"text":"70193280 - 2017 - Drivers and environmental responses to the changing annual snow cycle of northern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T14:18:35","indexId":"70193280","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1112,"text":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society","onlineIssn":"1520-0477","printIssn":"0003-0007","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drivers and environmental responses to the changing annual snow cycle of northern Alaska","docAbstract":"

On the North Slope of Alaska, earlier spring snowmelt and later onset of autumn snow accumulation are tied to atmospheric dynamics and sea ice conditions, and result in environmental responses.

Linkages between atmospheric, ecological and biogeochemical variables in the changing Arctic are analyzed using long-term measurements near Utqiaġvik (formerly Barrow), Alaska. Two key variables are the date when snow disappears in spring, as determined primarily by atmospheric dynamics, precipitation, air temperature, winter snow accumulation and cloud cover, as well as the date of onset of snowpack in autumn that is additionally influenced by ocean temperature and sea ice extent. In 2015 and 2016 the snow melted early at Utqiaġvik due mainly to anomalous warmth during May of both years attributed to atmospheric circulation patterns, with 2016 having the record earliest snowmelt. These years are discussed in the context of a 115-year snowmelt record at Utqiaġvik with a trend toward earlier melting since the mid- 1970s (-2.86 days/decade, 1975-2016). At nearby Cooper Island, where a colony of seabirds, Black Guillemots, have been monitored since 1975, timing of egg laying is correlated with Utqiaġvik snowmelt with 2015 and 2016 being the earliest years in the 42-year record. Ice-out at a nearby freshwater lagoon is also correlated with Utqiaġvik snowmelt. The date when snow begins to accumulate in autumn at Utqiaġvik shows a trend towards later dates (+4.6 days/decade, 1975-2016), with 2016 the latest on record. The relationships between the lengthening snow-free season and regional phenology, soil temperatures, fluxes of gases from the tundra, and to regional sea ice conditions are discussed. Better understanding of these interactions is needed to predict the annual snow cycles in the region at seasonal to decadal scales, and to anticipate coupled environmental responses.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0201.1","usgsCitation":"Cox, C.J., Stone, R.S., Douglas, D.C., Stanitski, D., Divoky, G.J., Dutton, G.S., Sweeney, C., George, J.C., and Longenecker, D.U., 2017, Drivers and environmental responses to the changing annual snow cycle of northern Alaska: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 98, p. 2559-2577, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0201.1.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"2559","endPage":"2577","ipdsId":"IP-082498","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348056,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160.94970703125,\n 68.22052325573338\n ],\n [\n -148.07373046875,\n 68.22052325573338\n ],\n [\n -148.07373046875,\n 71.73266202440855\n ],\n [\n -160.94970703125,\n 71.73266202440855\n ],\n [\n -160.94970703125,\n 68.22052325573338\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"98","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fadd1ee4b0531197b13c65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cox, Christopher J.","contributorId":199259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cox","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, Robert S.","contributorId":199260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stone","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stanitski, Diane","contributorId":199261,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stanitski","given":"Diane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Divoky, George J.","contributorId":100912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Divoky","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dutton, Geoff S.","contributorId":199262,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dutton","given":"Geoff","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sweeney, Colm","contributorId":176387,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sweeney","given":"Colm","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"George, J. Craig","contributorId":199263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"George","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Craig","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Longenecker, David U.","contributorId":199264,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Longenecker","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70193424,"text":"70193424 - 2017 - Variation in abundance of Pacific Blue Mussel (Mytilus trossulus) in the Northern Gulf of Alaska, 2006–2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-28T09:43:30","indexId":"70193424","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5536,"text":"Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Variation in abundance of Pacific Blue Mussel (Mytilus trossulus) in the Northern Gulf of Alaska, 2006–2015","title":"Variation in abundance of Pacific Blue Mussel (Mytilus trossulus) in the Northern Gulf of Alaska, 2006–2015","docAbstract":"

Mussels are conspicuous and ecologically important components of nearshore marine communities around the globe. Pacific blue mussels (Mytilus trossulus) are common residents of intertidal habitats in protected waters of the North Pacific, serving as a conduit of primary production to a wide range of nearshore consumers including predatory invertebrates, sea ducks, shorebirds, sea otters, humans, and other terrestrial mammals. We monitored seven metrics of intertidal Pacific blue mussel abundance at five sites in each of three regions across the northern Gulf of Alaska: Katmai National Park and Preserve (Katmai) (2006–2015), Kenai Fjords National Park (Kenai Fjords) (2008–2015) and western Prince William Sound (WPWS) (2007–2015). Metrics included estimates of: % cover at two tide heights in randomly selected rocky intertidal habitat; and in selected mussel beds estimates of: the density of large mussels (≥ 20 mm); density of all mussels > 2 mm estimated from cores extracted from those mussel beds; bed size; and total abundance of large and all mussels, i.e. the product of density and bed size. We evaluated whether these measures of mussel abundance differed among sites or regions, whether mussel abundance varied over time, and whether temporal patterns in abundance were site specific, or synchronous at regional or Gulf-wide spatial scales. We found that, for all metrics, mussel abundance varied on a site-by-site basis. After accounting for site differences, we found similar temporal patterns in several measures of abundance (both % cover metrics, large mussel density, large mussel abundance, and mussel abundance estimated from cores), in which abundance was initially high, declined significantly over several years, and subsequently recovered. Averaged across all sites, we documented declines of 84% in large mussel abundance through 2013 with recovery to 41% of initial abundance by 2015. These findings suggest that factors operating across the northern Gulf of Alaska were affecting mussel survival and subsequently abundance. In contrast, density of primarily small mussels obtained from cores (as an index of recruitment), varied markedly by site, but did not show meaningful temporal trends. We interpret this to indicate that settlement was driven by site-specific features rather than Gulf wide factors. By extension, we hypothesize that temporal changes in mussel abundance observed was not a result of temporal variation in larval supply leading to variation in recruitment, but rather suggestive of mortality as a primary demographic factor driving mussel abundance. Our results highlight the need to better understand underlying mechanisms of change in mussels, as well as implications of that change to nearshore consumers.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.04.008","usgsCitation":"Bodkin, J.L., Coletti, H.A., Ballachey, B.E., Monson, D., Esler, D., and Dean, T.A., 2017, Variation in abundance of Pacific Blue Mussel (Mytilus trossulus) in the Northern Gulf of Alaska, 2006–2015: Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 147, p. 87-97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.04.008.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"97","ipdsId":"IP-079564","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461363,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.04.008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348052,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.40136718749997,\n 56.80087831233043\n ],\n [\n -146.689453125,\n 56.80087831233043\n ],\n [\n -146.689453125,\n 61.01572481397616\n ],\n [\n -156.40136718749997,\n 61.01572481397616\n ],\n [\n -156.40136718749997,\n 56.80087831233043\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"147","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fadd19e4b0531197b13c48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coletti, Heather A.","contributorId":187561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coletti","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ballachey, Brenda E. 0000-0003-1855-9171 bballachey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-9171","contributorId":2966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballachey","given":"Brenda","email":"bballachey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Monson, Daniel 0000-0002-4593-5673 dmonson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-5673","contributorId":196670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monson","given":"Daniel","email":"dmonson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dean, Thomas A.","contributorId":187562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dean","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70192628,"text":"70192628 - 2017 - A model-based approach to wildland fire reconstruction using sediment charcoal records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T16:59:23","indexId":"70192628","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1577,"text":"Environmetrics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A model-based approach to wildland fire reconstruction using sediment charcoal records","docAbstract":"

Lake sediment charcoal records are used in paleoecological analyses to reconstruct fire history, including the identification of past wildland fires. One challenge of applying sediment charcoal records to infer fire history is the separation of charcoal associated with local fire occurrence and charcoal originating from regional fire activity. Despite a variety of methods to identify local fires from sediment charcoal records, an integrated statistical framework for fire reconstruction is lacking. We develop a Bayesian point process model to estimate the probability of fire associated with charcoal counts from individual-lake sediments and estimate mean fire return intervals. A multivariate extension of the model combines records from multiple lakes to reduce uncertainty in local fire identification and estimate a regional mean fire return interval. The univariate and multivariate models are applied to 13 lakes in the Yukon Flats region of Alaska. Both models resulted in similar mean fire return intervals (100–350 years) with reduced uncertainty under the multivariate model due to improved estimation of regional charcoal deposition. The point process model offers an integrated statistical framework for paleofire reconstruction and extends existing methods to infer regional fire history from multiple lake records with uncertainty following directly from posterior distributions.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/env.2450","usgsCitation":"Itter, M.S., Finley, A., Hooten, M., Higuera, P., Marlon, J.R., Kelly, R., and McLachlan, J.S., 2017, A model-based approach to wildland fire reconstruction using sediment charcoal records: Environmetrics, v. 28, no. 7, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1002/env.2450.","productDescription":"e2450; 15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","ipdsId":"IP-081669","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469372,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1612.02382","text":"External Repository"},{"id":348520,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a0425b2e4b0dc0b45b45316","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Itter, Malcolm S.","contributorId":193084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Itter","given":"Malcolm","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":26875,"text":"Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finley, Andrew O.","contributorId":70666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"Andrew O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hooten, Mevin 0000-0002-1614-723X mhooten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-723X","contributorId":2958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"Mevin","email":"mhooten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12963,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":716584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Higuera, Philip E.","contributorId":100741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higuera","given":"Philip E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marlon, Jennifer R.","contributorId":23432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marlon","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kelly, Ryan","contributorId":172597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelly","given":"Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McLachlan, Jason S.","contributorId":167179,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLachlan","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70196924,"text":"70196924 - 2017 - Regional geology and tectonics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-12T13:45:48","indexId":"70196924","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Regional geology and tectonics","docAbstract":"This chapter describes the regional geology and tectonic origins of the major geologic units for the Northern Cordillera. The goals of the chapter are to: (1) provide a summary and regional overview of this vast region that contains a complicated geologic history; and (2) describe the major geologic units and tectonic events that cover a broad geologic time span from the Proterozoic to the Holocene (Recent).","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Dynamic geology of the Northern Cordillera (Alaska and western Canada) and adjacent marine areas: Tectonics, hazards, and resources","language":"English","publisher":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","usgsCitation":"Nokleberg, W.J., 2017, Regional geology and tectonics, chap. of Dynamic geology of the Northern Cordillera (Alaska and western Canada) and adjacent marine areas: Tectonics, hazards, and resources, E-book.","productDescription":"E-book","ipdsId":"IP-081592","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354956,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":354047,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://scholarworks.alaska.edu/handle/11122/7994"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e64ee4b060350a15d27c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bundtzen, Thomas K.","contributorId":83560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bundtzen","given":"Thomas K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737782,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737783,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Price, Raymond A.","contributorId":205543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Price","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737784,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scholl, David W. 0000-0001-6500-6962 dscholl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6500-6962","contributorId":3738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"David","email":"dscholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":737785,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stone, David B.","contributorId":65324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"David B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":737786,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70193284,"text":"70193284 - 2017 - High altitude flights by ruddy shelduck Tadorna ferruginea during trans-Himalayan migrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-01T16:41:04","indexId":"70193284","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"High altitude flights by ruddy shelduck Tadorna ferruginea during trans-Himalayan migrations","title":"High altitude flights by ruddy shelduck Tadorna ferruginea during trans-Himalayan migrations","docAbstract":"

Birds that migrate across high altitude mountain ranges are faced with the challenge of maintaining vigorous exercise in environments with limited oxygen. Ruddy shelducks are known to use wintering grounds south of the Tibetan Plateau at sea level and breeding grounds north of Himalayan mountain range. Therefore, it is likely these shelducks are preforming high altitude migrations. In this study we analyse satellite telemetry data collected from 15 ruddy shelduck from two populations wintering south of the Tibetan Plateau from 2007 to 2011. During north and south migrations ruddy shelduck travelled 1481 km (range 548–2671 km) and 1238 km (range 548–2689 km) respectively. We find mean maximum altitudes of birds in flight reached 5590 m (range of means 4755–6800 m) and mean maximum climb rates of 0.45 m s–1 (range 0.23–0.74 m s–1). The ruddy shelduck is therefore an extreme high altitude migrant that has likely evolved a range of physiological adaptations in order to complete their migrations.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jav.01443","usgsCitation":"Parr, N., Bearhop, S., Douglas, D.C., Takekawa, J., Prosser, D.J., Newman, S., Perry, W., Balachandran, S., Witt, M., Hou, Y., Lu, Z., and Hawkes, L., 2017, High altitude flights by ruddy shelduck Tadorna ferruginea during trans-Himalayan migrations: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 48, no. 10, p. 1310-1315, https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.01443.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1310","endPage":"1315","ipdsId":"IP-080832","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10871/31703","text":"External Repository"},{"id":348054,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China, India, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 80,\n 15\n ],\n [\n 102,\n 15\n ],\n [\n 102,\n 50\n ],\n [\n 80,\n 50\n ],\n [\n 80,\n 15\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fadd1de4b0531197b13c62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parr, N.","contributorId":199268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parr","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bearhop, S.","contributorId":199269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bearhop","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Takekawa, J.Y.","contributorId":199270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Takekawa","given":"J.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Prosser, Diann J. 0000-0002-5251-1799 dprosser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":2389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"Diann","email":"dprosser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Newman, S.H.","contributorId":199271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Newman","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Perry, W.M.","contributorId":199272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perry","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Balachandran, S.","contributorId":199273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balachandran","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Witt, M.J.","contributorId":199274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Witt","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hou, Y.","contributorId":199275,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hou","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lu, Z.","contributorId":199276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lu","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Hawkes, L.A.","contributorId":199277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hawkes","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70197051,"text":"70197051 - 2017 - Differences in human versus lightning fires between urban and rural areas of the boreal forest in interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-17T11:30:47","indexId":"70197051","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1689,"text":"Forests","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differences in human versus lightning fires between urban and rural areas of the boreal forest in interior Alaska","docAbstract":"

In western North America, the carbon-rich boreal forest is experiencing warmer temperatures, drier conditions and larger and more frequent wildfires. However, the fire regime is also affected by direct human activities through suppression, ignition, and land use changes. Models are important predictive tools for understanding future conditions but they are based on regional generalizations of wildfire behavior and weather that do not adequately account for the complexity of human–fire interactions. To achieve a better understanding of the intensity of human influence on fires in this sparsely populated area and to quantify differences between human and lightning fires, we analyzed fires by both ignition types in regard to human proximity in urban (the Fairbanks subregion) and rural areas of interior Alaska using spatial (Geographic Information Systems) and quantitative analysis methods. We found substantial differences in drivers of wildfire: while increases in fire ignitions and area burned were caused by lightning in rural interior Alaska, in the Fairbanks subregion these increases were due to human fires, especially in the wildland urban interface. Lightning fires are starting earlier and fires are burning longer, which is much more pronounced in the Fairbanks subregion than in rural areas. Human fires differed from lightning fires in several ways: they started closer to settlements and highways, burned for a shorter duration, were concentrated in the Fairbanks subregion, and often occurred outside the brief seasonal window for lightning fires. This study provides important insights that improve our understanding of the direct human influence on recently observed changes in wildfire regime with implications for both fire modeling and fire management.

","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/f8110422","usgsCitation":"Calef, M., Varvak, A., and McGuire, A.D., 2017, Differences in human versus lightning fires between urban and rural areas of the boreal forest in interior Alaska: Forests, v. 8, no. 11, Article 422; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/f8110422.","productDescription":"Article 422; 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-079778","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f8110422","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354257,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160,\n 60\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 60\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -160,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -160,\n 60\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-11-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee7c6e4b0da30c1bfc36c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Calef, Monika","contributorId":167164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Calef","given":"Monika","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Varvak, Anna","contributorId":200173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Varvak","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGuire, A. David 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":166708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":735375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70195119,"text":"70195119 - 2017 - Significance of northeast-trending features in Canada Basin, Arctic Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-08T12:55:31","indexId":"70195119","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Significance of northeast-trending features in Canada Basin, Arctic Ocean","docAbstract":"

Synthesis of seismic velocity, potential field, and geological data from Canada Basin and its surrounding continental margins suggests that a northeast-trending structural fabric has influenced the origin, evolution, and current tectonics of the basin. This structural fabric has a crustal origin, based on the persistence of these trends in upward continuation of total magnetic intensity data and vertical derivative analysis of free-air gravity data. Three subparallel northeast-trending features are described. Northwind Escarpment, bounding the east side of the Chukchi Borderland, extends ∼600 km and separates continental crust of Northwind Ridge from high-velocity transitional crust in Canada Basin. A second, shorter northeast-trending zone extends ∼300 km in northern Canada Basin and separates inferred continental crust of Sever Spur from magmatically intruded crust of the High Arctic Large Igneous Province. A third northeast-trending feature, here called the Alaska-Prince Patrick magnetic lineament (APPL) is inferred from magnetic data and its larger regional geologic setting. Analysis of these three features suggests strike slip or transtensional deformation played a role in the opening of Canada Basin. These features can be explained by initial Jurassic-Early Cretaceous strike slip deformation (phase 1) followed in the Early Cretaceous (∼134 to ∼124 Ma) by rotation of Arctic Alaska with seafloor spreading orthogonal to the fossil spreading axis preserved in the central Canada Basin (phase 2). In this model, the Chukchi Borderland is part of Arctic Alaska.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Untion","doi":"10.1002/2017GC007099","usgsCitation":"Hutchinson, D., Jackson, H., Houseknecht, D.W., Li, Q., Shimeld, J., Mosher, D., Chian, D., Saltus, R., and Oakey, G., 2017, Significance of northeast-trending features in Canada Basin, Arctic Ocean: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 18, no. 11, p. 4156-4178, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GC007099.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"4156","endPage":"4178","ipdsId":"IP-088639","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017gc007099","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":351350,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Northwest Territories, Yukon Territory","otherGeospatial":"Canada Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -165.58593749999997,\n 68.00757101804004\n ],\n [\n -113.90625,\n 68.00757101804004\n ],\n [\n -113.90625,\n 80.297927149974\n ],\n [\n -165.58593749999997,\n 80.297927149974\n ],\n [\n -165.58593749999997,\n 68.00757101804004\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-11-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7d7001e4b00f54eb2441ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutchinson, Deborah 0000-0002-2544-5466 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saltus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6920-2936","contributorId":201827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saltus","given":"Richard","email":"saltus@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Oakey, G.N.","contributorId":201826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oakey","given":"G.N.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36265,"text":"Geological Survey of Canada Atlantic, 1 Challenger Dr. Box 1006 Dartmouth, N.S., B2Y 4A2","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70192845,"text":"70192845 - 2017 - Effects of industrial and investigator disturbance on Arctic-nesting geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-01T16:54:00","indexId":"70192845","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of industrial and investigator disturbance on Arctic-nesting geese","docAbstract":"

Oil and gas development on the Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) of Alaska, USA may have effects on Arctic-nesting birds. To estimate effects of industrial activity and investigator disturbance on avian productivity, we monitored nests of greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons) with digital cameras and periodic nest visits during 2013–2014 at 2 sites on the ACP. A disturbed site was adjacent to human-made infrastructure and industrial clean-up activities initiated at the onset of the study and a control site was >2 km from sources of industrial disturbance. We assessed variation in estimates of incubation constancy, nest survival, and predator behavior relative to site, year, and distance from industrial activity using nest photographs obtained at 1-minute intervals. We compared analysis of hourly nest survival informed by intensive monitoring with cameras to analysis of daily nest survival informed by traditional nest visit data obtained at intervals of 5–7 days to assess how method and time scale of sampling affect ecological inference. Geese in both sites exhibited high levels of nest attendance and initiated incubation breaks less than once per day. Observer-caused incubation breaks associated with nest visits (\"math = 37.8 min) were longer than other types of incubation breaks (\"math = 8.7 min), demonstrating a differential response by nesting geese to direct human encroachment versus indirect vehicular and aircraft traffic. During both years, geese were absent from nests more frequently in the disturbed (\"math = 0.9 breaks/day) than control (\"math = 0.6 breaks/day) site, and this break frequency was slightly higher for nests closer to industrial activity. In the year with high rates of depredation, nest survival was positively related to distance from industrial activity and abandoned infrastructure, consistent with predictions of industry-caused effects. This relationship, however, was not evident in the year with reduced predation pressure, likely because of annual variation in arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) behavior. Analysis of nest survival probability informed by camera data allowed for detection of detailed patterns of variation that were not supported when using only visit data for the same nests. Observer visits were responsible for reductions of 7–35% in nest survival probability, highlighting the importance of minimizing, and controlling for, observer effects in studies of avian productivity. Indirect vehicular and aircraft disturbance posed less risk to nest survival than direct encroachment by observers at nest sites. Therefore, effects of industrial activities on avian productivity in the Arctic can be minimized through practices that limit direct encounters with nests. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21312","usgsCitation":"Meixell, B.W., and Flint, P.L., 2017, Effects of industrial and investigator disturbance on Arctic-nesting geese: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 81, no. 8, p. 1372-1385, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21312.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1372","endPage":"1385","ipdsId":"IP-082311","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438162,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7NV9GP9","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Greater White-fronted Goose (Anser albifrons) Nest Characteristics and Nesting Behavior Classifications from Time-lapse Photographs; Point Lonely, Alaska, 2013-2014"},{"id":348059,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153.31369400024414,\n 70.89024547571003\n ],\n [\n -153.21224212646484,\n 70.89024547571003\n ],\n [\n -153.21224212646484,\n 70.91613598862408\n ],\n [\n -153.31369400024414,\n 70.91613598862408\n ],\n [\n -153.31369400024414,\n 70.89024547571003\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"81","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fadd1ee4b0531197b13c6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meixell, Brandt W. 0000-0002-6738-0349 bmeixell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-0349","contributorId":138716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meixell","given":"Brandt","email":"bmeixell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70193120,"text":"70193120 - 2017 - Environmental and behavioral changes may influence the exposure of an Arctic apex predator to pathogens and contaminants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T11:28:39","indexId":"70193120","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental and behavioral changes may influence the exposure of an Arctic apex predator to pathogens and contaminants","docAbstract":"

Recent decline of sea ice habitat has coincided with increased use of land by polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the southern Beaufort Sea (SB), which may alter the risks of exposure to pathogens and contaminants. We assayed blood samples from SB polar bears to assess prior exposure to the pathogens Brucella spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Coxiella burnetii, Francisella tularensis, and Neospora caninum, estimate concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and evaluate risk factors associated with exposure to pathogens and POPs. We found that seroprevalence of Brucella spp. and T. gondii antibodies likely increased through time, and provide the first evidence of exposure of polar bears to C. burnetii, N. caninum, and F. tularensis. Additionally, the odds of exposure to T. gondii were greater for bears that used land than for bears that remained on the sea ice during summer and fall, while mean concentrations of the POP chlordane (ΣCHL) were lower for land-based bears. Changes in polar bear behavior brought about by climate-induced modifications to the Arctic marine ecosystem may increase exposure risk to certain pathogens and alter contaminant exposure pathways.

","language":"English","publisher":"Macmillan Publishers","doi":"10.1038/s41598-017-13496-9","usgsCitation":"Atwood, T.C., Duncan, C.G., Patyk, K.A., Nol, P., Rhyan, J., McCollum, M., McKinney, M.A., Ramey, A.M., Cerqueira-Cezar, C., Kwok, O., Dubey, J.P., and Hennager, S., 2017, Environmental and behavioral changes may influence the exposure of an Arctic apex predator to pathogens and contaminants: Scientific Reports, v. 7, 13193; 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13496-9.","productDescription":"13193; 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-086497","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469377,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13496-9","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F78P5Z0G","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Pathogen and Contaminant Exposure Data from Southern Beaufort Sea Polar Bears, 2007-2014"},{"id":347841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.763916015625,\n 69.79034074260014\n ],\n [\n -148.38134765625,\n 69.79034074260014\n ],\n [\n -148.38134765625,\n 71.61867863505971\n ],\n [\n -156.763916015625,\n 71.61867863505971\n ],\n [\n -156.763916015625,\n 69.79034074260014\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bb0e4b0531197af9fca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duncan, Colleen G.","contributorId":15512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duncan","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patyk, Kelly A.","contributorId":139696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patyk","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6622,"text":"US Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nol, Pauline","contributorId":34053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nol","given":"Pauline","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6622,"text":"US Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rhyan, Jack","contributorId":199054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rhyan","given":"Jack","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McCollum, Matthew","contributorId":199055,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCollum","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McKinney, Melissa A.","contributorId":11496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKinney","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6619,"text":"University of Connecticutt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cerqueira-Cezar, Camila","contributorId":199056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cerqueira-Cezar","given":"Camila","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kwok, Oliver C H","contributorId":199057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kwok","given":"Oliver C H","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Dubey, Jitender P","contributorId":199058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dubey","given":"Jitender","email":"","middleInitial":"P","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Hennager, S.G.","contributorId":38309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hennager","given":"S.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70193121,"text":"70193121 - 2017 - Demographic and temporal variations in immunity and condition of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the southern Beaufort Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T10:13:32","indexId":"70193121","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2280,"text":"Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Ecological Genetics and Physiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demographic and temporal variations in immunity and condition of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the southern Beaufort Sea","docAbstract":"Assessing the health and condition of animals in their natural environment can be problematic. Many physiological metrics, including immunity, are highly influenced by specific context and recent events to which researchers may be unaware. Thus, using a multifaceted physiological approach and a context-specific analysis encompassing multiple time scales can be highly informative. Ecoimmunological tools in particular can provide important indications to the health of animals in the wild. We collected blood and hair samples from free-ranging polar bears (Ursus maritimus) in the southern Beaufort Sea and examined the influence of sex, age, and reproductive status on metrics of immunity, stress, and body condition during 2013–2015. We examined metrics of innate immunity (bactericidal ability and lysis) and stress (hair cortisol, reactive oxygen species, and oxidative barrier), in relation to indices of body condition considered to be short term (urea to creatinine ratio; UC ratio) and long term (storage energy and body mass index). We found the factors of sex, age, and reproductive status of the bear were critical for interpreting different physiological metrics. Additionally, the metrics of body condition were important predictors for stress indicators. Finally, many of these metrics differed between years, illustrating the need to examine populations on a longer time scale. Taken together, this study demonstrates the complex relationship between multiple facets of physiology and how interpretation requires us to examine individuals within a specific context.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jez.2112","usgsCitation":"Neuman-Lee, L., Terletzky, P., Atwood, T.C., Gese, E., Smith, G., Greenfield, S., Pettit, J., and French, S., 2017, Demographic and temporal variations in immunity and condition of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the southern Beaufort Sea: Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Ecological Genetics and Physiology, v. 327, no. 5, p. 333-346, https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.2112.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"333","endPage":"346","ipdsId":"IP-086018","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438170,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7F76BDV","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Innate Immunity and Stress and Reproductive Hormone Metrics for Southern Beaufort Sea Polar Bears, 2013-2015"},{"id":347806,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea","volume":"327","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bafe4b0531197af9fc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neuman-Lee, Lorin","contributorId":199061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neuman-Lee","given":"Lorin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Terletzky, Patricia","contributorId":199062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Terletzky","given":"Patricia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gese, Eric","contributorId":199063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gese","given":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Geoffrey","contributorId":199064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Geoffrey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Greenfield, Sydney","contributorId":199065,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greenfield","given":"Sydney","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pettit, John","contributorId":199066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pettit","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"French, Susannah","contributorId":199067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"French","given":"Susannah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70193125,"text":"70193125 - 2017 - Polar bear attacks on humans: Implications of a changing climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T10:04:40","indexId":"70193125","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Polar bear attacks on humans: Implications of a changing climate","docAbstract":"Understanding causes of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) attacks on humans is critical to ensuring both human safety and polar bear conservation. Although considerable attention has been focused on understanding black (U. americanus) and grizzly (U. arctos) bear conflicts with humans, there have been few attempts to systematically collect, analyze, and interpret available information on human-polar bear conflicts across their range. To help fill this knowledge gap, a database was developed (Polar Bear-Human Information Management System [PBHIMS]) to facilitate the range-wide collection and analysis of human-polar bear conflict data. We populated the PBHIMS with data collected throughout the polar bear range, analyzed polar bear attacks on people, and found that reported attacks have been extremely rare. From 1870–2014, we documented 73 attacks by wild polar bears, distributed among the 5 polar bear Range States (Canada, Greenland, Norway, Russia, and United States), which resulted in 20 human fatalities and 63 human injuries. We found that nutritionally stressed adult male polar bears were the most likely to pose threats to human safety. Attacks by adult females were rare, and most were attributed to defense of cubs. We judged that bears acted as a predator in most attacks, and that nearly all attacks involved ≤2 people. Increased concern for both human and bear safety is warranted in light of predictions of increased numbers of nutritionally stressed bears spending longer amounts of time on land near people because of the loss of their sea ice habitat. Improved conflict investigation is needed to collect accurate and relevant data and communicate accurate bear safety messages and mitigation strategies to the public. With better information, people can take proactive measures in polar bear habitat to ensure their safety and prevent conflicts with polar bears. This work represents an important first step towards improving our understanding of factors influencing human-polar bear conflicts. Continued collection and analysis of range-wide data on interactions and conflicts will help increase human safety and ensure the conservation of polar bears for future generations.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.783","usgsCitation":"Wilder, J., Vongraven, D., Atwood, T.C., Hansen, B., Jessen, A., Kochnev, A.A., York, G., Vallender, R., Hedman, D., and Gibbons, M., 2017, Polar bear attacks on humans: Implications of a changing climate: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 41, no. 3, p. 537-547, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.783.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"537","endPage":"547","ipdsId":"IP-079208","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500007,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/12a8c44c8a1340928699d571ff587c4e","text":"External Repository"},{"id":347802,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Greenland, Norway, Russia, United States","volume":"41","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bade4b0531197af9fbd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilder, James","contributorId":152610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilder","given":"James","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vongraven, Dag","contributorId":131092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vongraven","given":"Dag","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7238,"text":"Norwegian Polar Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, Bob","contributorId":199071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"Bob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jessen, Amalie","contributorId":199072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jessen","given":"Amalie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kochnev, Anatoly A.","contributorId":50096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kochnev","given":"Anatoly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"York, Geoff","contributorId":199074,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"York","given":"Geoff","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Vallender, Rachel","contributorId":194966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vallender","given":"Rachel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34540,"text":"Canadian Museum of Nature","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":27312,"text":"Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 6 Bruce Street, Mount","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hedman, Daryll","contributorId":199075,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hedman","given":"Daryll","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gibbons, Melissa","contributorId":199076,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibbons","given":"Melissa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70193123,"text":"70193123 - 2017 - Relative influences of climate change and human activity on the onshore distribution of polar bears","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T10:08:45","indexId":"70193123","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relative influences of climate change and human activity on the onshore distribution of polar bears","docAbstract":"Climate change is altering habitat for many species, leading to shifts in distributions that can increase levels of human-wildlife conflict. To develop effective strategies for minimizing human-wildlife conflict, we must understand the relative influences that climate change and other factors have on wildlife distributions. Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are increasingly using land during summer and autumn due to sea ice loss, leading to higher incidents of conflict and concerns for human safety. We sought to understand the relative influence of sea ice conditions, onshore habitat characteristics, and human-provisioned food attractants on the distribution and abundance of polar bears while on shore. We also wanted to determine how mitigation measures might reduce human-polar bear conflict associated with an anthropogenic food source. We built a Bayesian hierarchical model based on 14 years of aerial survey data to estimate the weekly number and distribution of polar bears on the coast of northern Alaska in autumn. We then used the model to predict how effective two management options for handling subsistence-harvested whale remains in the community of Kaktovik, Alaska might be. The distribution of bears on shore was most strongly influenced by the presence of whale carcasses and to a lesser extent sea ice and onshore habitat conditions. The numbers of bears on shore were related to sea ice conditions. The two management strategies for handling the whale carcasses reduced the estimated number of bears near Kaktovik by > 75%. By considering multiple factors associated with the onshore distribution and abundance of polar bears we discerned what role human activities played in where bears occur and how successful efforts to manage the whale carcasses might be for reducing human-polar bear conflict.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2017.08.005","usgsCitation":"Wilson, R.H., Regehr, E.V., St. Martin, M., Atwood, T.C., Peacock, E.L., Miller, S., and Divoky, G.J., 2017, Relative influences of climate change and human activity on the onshore distribution of polar bears: Biological Conservation, v. 214, p. 288-294, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.08.005.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"288","endPage":"294","ipdsId":"IP-081468","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469378,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.08.005","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438172,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F74Q7S6Z","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Polar Bear Fall Coastal Survey Data from the Southern Beaufort Sea of Alaska, 2010-2013"},{"id":347803,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -157.8955078125,\n 69.51914693717981\n ],\n [\n -147.205810546875,\n 69.51914693717981\n ],\n [\n -147.205810546875,\n 71.54926391392517\n ],\n [\n -157.8955078125,\n 71.54926391392517\n ],\n [\n -157.8955078125,\n 69.51914693717981\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"214","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98baee4b0531197af9fc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Ryan H. 0000-0001-7740-7771","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7740-7771","contributorId":130989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Regehr, Eric V. 0000-0003-4487-3105","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4487-3105","contributorId":66364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regehr","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"St. Martin, Michelle","contributorId":150114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"St. Martin","given":"Michelle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peacock, Elizabeth L. 0000-0001-7279-0329 lpeacock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7279-0329","contributorId":3361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacock","given":"Elizabeth","email":"lpeacock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":718063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, Susanne","contributorId":50955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Susanne","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13235,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine Mammals Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Divoky, George J.","contributorId":100912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Divoky","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70193126,"text":"70193126 - 2017 - Temporal complexity of southern Beaufort Sea polar bear diets during a period of increasing land use","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-26T14:25:20","indexId":"70193126","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal complexity of southern Beaufort Sea polar bear diets during a period of increasing land use","docAbstract":"

From 2000 to 2013, use of land as a seasonal habitat by polar bears (Ursus maritimus) of the southern Beaufort Sea (SB) subpopulation substantially increased. This onshore use has been linked to reduced spatial and temporal availability of sea ice, as well as to the availability of subsistence‐harvested bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) bone piles. Here, we evaluated the role of climate conditions on consumption of traditional ice‐associated prey relative to onshore bowhead whale bone piles. We determined seasonal and interannual trends in the diets of SB polar bears using fatty acid‐based analysis during this period of increasing land use. Diet estimates of 569 SB polar bears from 2004 to 2012 showed high seasonal fluctuations in the proportions of prey consumed. Higher proportions of bowhead whale, as well as ringed seal (Pusa hispida) and beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas), were estimated to occur in the winter–spring diet, while higher proportions of bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus) were estimated for summer–fall diets. Trends in the annual mean proportions of individual prey items were not found in either period, except for significant declines in the proportion of beluga in spring‐sampled bears. Nonetheless, in years following a high winter Arctic oscillation index, proportions of ice‐associated ringed seal were lower in the winter–spring diets of adult females and juveniles. Proportions of bowhead increased in the winter–spring diets of adult males with the number of ice‐free days over the continental shelf. In one or both seasons, polar bears that were in better condition were estimated to have consumed less ringed seal and/or more bowhead whale than those in worse condition. Therefore, climate variation over this recent period appeared to influence the extent of onshore vs. on‐ice food use, which in turn, appeared to be linked to fluctuating condition of SB polar bears.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1633","usgsCitation":"McKinney, M.A., Atwood, T.C., Iverson, S.J., and Peacock, E.L., 2017, Temporal complexity of southern Beaufort Sea polar bear diets during a period of increasing land use: Ecosphere, v. 8, no. 1, Article e01633; 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1633.","productDescription":"Article e01633; 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-071660","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469376,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1633","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438173,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NIMT90","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Southern Beaufort Sea Polar Bear Fatty Acid Data, Spring Samples 2004-2016"},{"id":347801,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea","volume":"8","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bade4b0531197af9fb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKinney, Melissa A.","contributorId":11496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKinney","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6619,"text":"University of Connecticutt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Iverson, Sara J.","contributorId":38471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peacock, Elizabeth L. 0000-0001-7279-0329 lpeacock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7279-0329","contributorId":3361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacock","given":"Elizabeth","email":"lpeacock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":718080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70192827,"text":"70192827 - 2017 - Movements and habitat use of White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons frontalis) during the remigial molt in arctic Alaska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-27T18:47:35","indexId":"70192827","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Movements and habitat use of White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons frontalis) during the remigial molt in arctic Alaska, USA","title":"Movements and habitat use of White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons frontalis) during the remigial molt in arctic Alaska, USA","docAbstract":"

Proposed oil and gas leasing in the National Petroleum Reserve - Alaska has raised questions about possible impacts of development on molting Greater White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons frontalis) and their habitats. We used GPS transmitters to record fine-scale location data of molting and post-molt White-fronted Geese to assess patterns of movement and resource selection relative to vegetation class, year (2012, 2013), and body mass at capture. Molting White-fronted Geese were located an average of 63.3 ± 4.9 m (SE) from lakeshores. Estimated terrestrial home range size for flightless birds differed between years (2012 = 13.2 ± 2.6 km2; 2013 = 6.5 ± 1.8 km2), but did not vary among habitat strata or with body mass. Molting White-fronted Geese used sedge (Carex aquatilus) dominated low centered polygons and water more frequently than expected given proportional habitat availability, but avoided tussock tundra and wet sedge vegetation classes. Upon regaining flight, individuals tended to remain in the same general area, and the center of their home range only moved an average of 6.9 km. Greater White-fronted Geese that could fly tended to forage further from lakeshores ( = 245 m), and used a larger home range ( = 44.3 ± 9.5 km2) than when flightless.

","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.040.0308","usgsCitation":"Flint, P.L., and Meixell, B.W., 2017, Movements and habitat use of White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons frontalis) during the remigial molt in arctic Alaska, USA: Waterbirds, v. 40, no. 3, p. 272-281, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.040.0308.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"272","endPage":"281","ipdsId":"IP-085017","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461375,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1675/063.040.0308","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438175,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7PR7TG8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Greater White-fronted Goose (Anser albifrons) Habitat Use Data, Teshekpuk Lake Special Area, 2012-2013"},{"id":347594,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.22607421875,\n 70.50657489320895\n ],\n [\n -151.50146484375,\n 70.50657489320895\n ],\n [\n -151.50146484375,\n 70.98655968762381\n ],\n [\n -154.22607421875,\n 70.98655968762381\n ],\n [\n -154.22607421875,\n 70.50657489320895\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f44595e4b063d5d306f2ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meixell, Brandt W. 0000-0002-6738-0349 bmeixell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-0349","contributorId":138716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meixell","given":"Brandt","email":"bmeixell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70192457,"text":"70192457 - 2017 - Best practices for assessing forage fish fisheries-seabird resource competition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T14:52:18","indexId":"70192457","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Best practices for assessing forage fish fisheries-seabird resource competition","docAbstract":"Worldwide, in recent years capture fisheries targeting lower-trophic level forage fish and euphausiid crustaceans have been substantial (∼20 million metric tons [MT] annually). Landings of forage species are projected to increase in the future, and this harvest may affect marine ecosystems and predator-prey interactions by removal or redistribution of biomass central to pelagic food webs. In particular, fisheries targeting forage fish and euphausiids may be in competition with seabirds, likely the most sensitive of marine vertebrates given limitations in their foraging abilities (ambit and gape size) and high metabolic rate, for food resources. Lately, apparent competition between fisheries and seabirds has led to numerous high-profile conflicts over interpretations, as well as the approaches that could and should be used to assess the magnitude and consequences of fisheries-seabird resource competition. In this paper, we review the methods used to date to study fisheries competition with seabirds, and present “best practices” for future resource competition assessments. Documenting current fisheries competition with seabirds generally involves addressing two major issues: 1) are fisheries causing localized prey depletion that is sufficient to affect the birds? (i.e., are fisheries limiting food resources?), and 2) how are fisheries-induced changes to forage stocks affecting seabird populations given the associated functional or numerical response relationships? Previous studies have been hampered by mismatches in the scale of fisheries, fish, and seabird data, and a lack of causal understanding due to confounding by climatic and other ecosystem factors (e.g., removal of predatory fish). Best practices for fisheries-seabird competition research should include i) clear articulation of hypotheses, ii) data collection (or summation) of fisheries, fish, and seabirds on matched spatio-temporal scales, and iii) integration of observational and experimental (including numerical simulation) approaches to establish connections and causality between fisheries and seabirds. As no single technique can provide all the answers to this vexing issue, an integrated approach is most promising to obtain robust scientific results and in turn the sustainability of forage fish fisheries from an ecosystem perspective.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2017.05.018","usgsCitation":"Sydeman, W., Thompson, S.A., Anker-Nilssen, T., Arimitsu, M.L., Bennison, A., Bertrand, S., Boersch-Supan, P., Boyd, C., Bransome, N.C., Crawford, R.J., Daunt, F., Furness, R.W., Gianuca, D., Gladics, A., Koehn, L., Lang, J.W., Loggerwell, E., Morris, T.L., Phillips, E., Provencher, J., Punt, A.E., Saraux, C., Shannon, L., Sherley, R.B., Simeone, A., Wanless, R.M., Wanless, S., and Zador, S., 2017, Best practices for assessing forage fish fisheries-seabird resource competition: Fisheries Research, v. 194, p. 209-221, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2017.05.018.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"221","ipdsId":"IP-085251","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347499,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"194","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e85ae4b09af898c8cb5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sydeman, William J.","contributorId":172574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sydeman","given":"William J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, Sarah Ann","contributorId":198394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anker-Nilssen, 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Sophie","contributorId":172071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bertrand","given":"Sophie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Boersch-Supan, Philipp","contributorId":198396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boersch-Supan","given":"Philipp","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Boyd, Charlotte","contributorId":172067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyd","given":"Charlotte","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bransome, Nicole C.","contributorId":198397,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bransome","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Crawford, Robert 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Dimas","contributorId":198398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gianuca","given":"Dimas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Gladics, Amanda","contributorId":198399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gladics","given":"Amanda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Koehn, Laura","contributorId":198400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koehn","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Lang, Jennifer W.","contributorId":198401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lang","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Loggerwell, Elizabeth","contributorId":198402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loggerwell","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Morris, Taryn L.","contributorId":198403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morris","given":"Taryn","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Phillips, Elizabeth M.","contributorId":131163,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phillips","given":"Elizabeth M.","affiliations":[{"id":6751,"text":"Moss Landing Marine Laboratories","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Provencher, Jennifer","contributorId":198404,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Provencher","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Punt, Andre E.","contributorId":172069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Punt","given":"Andre","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Saraux, Claire","contributorId":198406,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saraux","given":"Claire","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Shannon, Lynne","contributorId":103896,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shannon","given":"Lynne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Sherley, Richard B.","contributorId":198407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sherley","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Simeone, Alejandro","contributorId":198408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simeone","given":"Alejandro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Wanless, Ross M. 0000-0002-4593-7775","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-7775","contributorId":198409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wanless","given":"Ross","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Wanless, Sarah","contributorId":198410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wanless","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Zador, Stephani","contributorId":60992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zador","given":"Stephani","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28}]}} ,{"id":70192233,"text":"70192233 - 2017 - Remote measurement of river discharge using thermal particle image velocimetry (PIV) and various sources of bathymetric information","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-24T12:21:45","indexId":"70192233","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote measurement of river discharge using thermal particle image velocimetry (PIV) and various sources of bathymetric information","docAbstract":"

Although river discharge is a fundamental hydrologic quantity, conventional methods of streamgaging are impractical, expensive, and potentially dangerous in remote locations. This study evaluated the potential for measuring discharge via various forms of remote sensing, primarily thermal imaging of flow velocities but also spectrally-based depth retrieval from passive optical image data. We acquired thermal image time series from bridges spanning five streams in Alaska and observed strong agreement between velocities measured in situ and those inferred by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), which quantified advection of thermal features by the flow. The resulting surface velocities were converted to depth-averaged velocities by applying site-specific, calibrated velocity indices. Field spectra from three clear-flowing streams provided strong relationships between depth and reflectance, suggesting that, under favorable conditions, spectrally-based bathymetric mapping could complement thermal PIV in a hybrid approach to remote sensing of river discharge; this strategy would not be applicable to larger, more turbid rivers, however. A more flexible and efficient alternative might involve inferring depth from thermal data based on relationships between depth and integral length scales of turbulent fluctuations in temperature, captured as variations in image brightness. We observed moderately strong correlations for a site-aggregated data set that reduced station-to-station variability but encompassed a broad range of depths. Discharges calculated using thermal PIV-derived velocities were within 15% of in situ measurements when combined with depths measured directly in the field or estimated from field spectra and within 40% when the depth information also was derived from thermal images. The results of this initial, proof-of-concept investigation suggest that remote sensing techniques could facilitate measurement of river discharge.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.09.004","usgsCitation":"Legleiter, C.J., Kinzel, P.J., and Nelson, J.M., 2017, Remote measurement of river discharge using thermal particle image velocimetry (PIV) and various sources of bathymetric information: Journal of Hydrology, v. 554, p. 490-506, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.09.004.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"490","endPage":"506","ipdsId":"IP-084918","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469406,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.09.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438181,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7ST7N0J","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Thermal image time series from rivers in Alaska, September 18-20, 2016"},{"id":438180,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7J964K7","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"ADCP data from rivers in Alaska, September 18-20, 2016"},{"id":438179,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7M906TJ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Field spectra from rivers in Alaska, September 19-21, 2016"},{"id":347224,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"554","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f0511ee4b0220bbd9a1d64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Legleiter, Carl J. 0000-0003-0940-8013 cjl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-8013","contributorId":169002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legleiter","given":"Carl","email":"cjl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kinzel, Paul J. 0000-0002-6076-9730 pjkinzel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-9730","contributorId":743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinzel","given":"Paul","email":"pjkinzel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-7632-8526 jmn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7632-8526","contributorId":2812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Jonathan","email":"jmn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70191857,"text":"70191857 - 2017 - U.S. Geological Survey experience with the residual absolutes method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-18T14:02:39","indexId":"70191857","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5518,"text":"Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U.S. Geological Survey experience with the residual absolutes method","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Geomagnetism Program has developed and tested the residual method of absolutes, with the assistance of the Danish Technical University's (DTU) Geomagnetism Program. Three years of testing were performed at College Magnetic Observatory (CMO), Fairbanks, Alaska, to compare the residual method with the null method. Results show that the two methods compare very well with each other and both sets of baseline data were used to process the 2015 definitive data. The residual method will be implemented at the other USGS high-latitude geomagnetic observatories in the summer of 2017 and 2018.

","language":"English","publisher":"EGU","doi":"10.5194/gi-6-419-2017","usgsCitation":"Worthington, E.W., and Matzka, J., 2017, U.S. Geological Survey experience with the residual absolutes method: Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems, v. 6, p. 419-427, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-6-419-2017.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"419","endPage":"427","ipdsId":"IP-085974","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469431,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-6-419-2017","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346870,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e86830e4b05fe04cd4d1b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Worthington, E. William 0000-0002-5879-0477 bworth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5879-0477","contributorId":2570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Worthington","given":"E.","email":"bworth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":713419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matzka, Jurgen","contributorId":197403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matzka","given":"Jurgen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70191601,"text":"70191601 - 2017 - Recurrent Holocene movement on the Susitna Glacier Thrust Fault: The structure that initiated the Mw 7.9 Denali Fault earthquake, central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-21T12:50:49.463077","indexId":"70191601","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Recurrent Holocene movement on the Susitna Glacier Thrust Fault: The structure that initiated the Mw 7.9 Denali Fault earthquake, central Alaska","title":"Recurrent Holocene movement on the Susitna Glacier Thrust Fault: The structure that initiated the Mw 7.9 Denali Fault earthquake, central Alaska","docAbstract":"

We conducted a trench investigation and analyzed pre‐ and postearthquake topography to determine the timing and size of prehistoric surface ruptures on the Susitna Glacier fault (SGF), the thrust fault that initiated the 2002 Mw 7.9 Denali fault earthquake sequence in central Alaska. In two of our three hand‐excavated trenches, we found clear evidence for a single pre‐2002 earthquake (penultimate earthquake [PE]) and determined an age of 2210±420  cal. B.P. (2σ) for this event. We used structure‐from‐motion software to create a pre‐2002‐earthquake digital surface model (DSM) from 1:62,800‐scale aerial photography taken in 1980 and compared this DSM with postearthquake 5‐m/pixel Interferometric Synthetic Aperature Radar topography taken in 2010. Topographic profiles measured from the pre‐earthquake DSM show features that we interpret as fault and fold scarps. These landforms were about the same size as those formed in 2002, so we infer that the PE was similar in size to the initial (Mw 7.2) subevent of the 2002 sequence. A recurrence interval of 2270 yrs and dip slip of ∼4.8  m yield a single‐interval slip rate of ∼1.8  mm/yr. The lack of evidence for pre‐PE deformation indicates probable episodic (clustering) behavior on the SGF that may be related to strain migration among other similarly oriented thrust faults that together accommodate shortening south of the Denali fault. We suspect that slip‐partitioned thrust‐triggered earthquakes may be a common occurrence on the Denali fault system, but documenting the frequency of such events will be very difficult, given the lack of long‐term paleoseismic records, the number of potential thrust‐earthquake sources, and the pervasive glacial erosion in the region.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120160286","usgsCitation":"Personius, S., Crone, A.J., Burns, P., and Reitman, N.G., 2017, Recurrent Holocene movement on the Susitna Glacier Thrust Fault: The structure that initiated the Mw 7.9 Denali Fault earthquake, central Alaska: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 107, no. 4, p. 1593-1609, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120160286.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1593","endPage":"1609","ipdsId":"IP-084517","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346844,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.68749999999997,\n 58.309488840677645\n ],\n [\n -143.525390625,\n 58.309488840677645\n ],\n [\n -143.525390625,\n 63.78248603116502\n ],\n [\n -154.68749999999997,\n 63.78248603116502\n ],\n [\n -154.68749999999997,\n 58.309488840677645\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e86832e4b05fe04cd4d1d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Personius, Stephen 0000-0001-8347-7370 personius@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-7370","contributorId":150055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Personius","given":"Stephen","email":"personius@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crone, Anthony J. 0000-0002-3006-406X crone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-406X","contributorId":790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crone","given":"Anthony","email":"crone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burns, Patricia A.","contributorId":197193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burns","given":"Patricia A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reitman, Nadine G. 0000-0002-6730-2682 nreitman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6730-2682","contributorId":5816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reitman","given":"Nadine","email":"nreitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70194310,"text":"70194310 - 2017 - Harvesting wildlife affected by climate change: a modelling and management approach for polar bears","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T11:41:08","indexId":"70194310","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Harvesting wildlife affected by climate change: a modelling and management approach for polar bears","docAbstract":"
  1. The conservation of many wildlife species requires understanding the demographic effects of climate change, including interactions between climate change and harvest, which can provide cultural, nutritional or economic value to humans.
  2. We present a demographic model that is based on the polar bear Ursus maritimus life cycle and includes density-dependent relationships linking vital rates to environmental carrying capacity (K). Using this model, we develop a state-dependent management framework to calculate a harvest level that (i) maintains a population above its maximum net productivity level (MNPL; the population size that produces the greatest net increment in abundance) relative to a changing K, and (ii) has a limited negative effect on population persistence.
  3. Our density-dependent relationships suggest that MNPL for polar bears occurs at approximately 0·69 (95% CI = 0·63–0·74) of K. Population growth rate at MNPL was approximately 0·82 (95% CI = 0·79–0·84) of the maximum intrinsic growth rate, suggesting relatively strong compensation for human-caused mortality.
  4. Our findings indicate that it is possible to minimize the demographic risks of harvest under climate change, including the risk that harvest will accelerate population declines driven by loss of the polar bear's sea-ice habitat. This requires that (i) the harvest rate – which could be 0 in some situations – accounts for a population's intrinsic growth rate, (ii) the harvest rate accounts for the quality of population data (e.g. lower harvest when uncertainty is large), and (iii) the harvest level is obtained by multiplying the harvest rate by an updated estimate of population size. Environmental variability, the sex and age of removed animals and risk tolerance can also affect the harvest rate.
  5. Synthesis and applications. We present a coupled modelling and management approach for wildlife that accounts for climate change and can be used to balance trade-offs among multiple conservation goals. In our example application to polar bears experiencing sea-ice loss, the goals are to maintain population viability while providing continued opportunities for subsistence harvest. Our approach may be relevant to other species for which near-term management is focused on human factors that directly influence population dynamics within the broader context of climate-induced habitat degradation.
","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.12864","usgsCitation":"Regehr, E.V., Wilson, R.H., Rode, K.D., Runge, M.C., and Stern, H., 2017, Harvesting wildlife affected by climate change: a modelling and management approach for polar bears: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 54, no. 5, p. 1534-1543, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12864.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1534","endPage":"1543","ipdsId":"IP-076053","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469471,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12864","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349269,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb3ae4b06e28e9c22e17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Regehr, Eric V. 0000-0003-4487-3105","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4487-3105","contributorId":66364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regehr","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Ryan H. 0000-0001-7740-7771","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7740-7771","contributorId":130989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rode, Karyn D. 0000-0002-3328-8202 krode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-8202","contributorId":5053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rode","given":"Karyn","email":"krode@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Runge, Michael C. 0000-0002-8081-536X mrunge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":3358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"Michael","email":"mrunge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stern, Harry","contributorId":192065,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stern","given":"Harry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70193038,"text":"70193038 - 2017 - Future of Pacific salmon in the face of environmental change: Lessons from one of the world's remaining productive salmon regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-28T14:28:14","indexId":"70193038","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Future of Pacific salmon in the face of environmental change: Lessons from one of the world's remaining productive salmon regions","docAbstract":"

Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. face serious challenges from climate and landscape change, particularly in the southern portion of their native range. Conversely, climate warming appears to be allowing salmon to expand northwards into the Arctic. Between these geographic extremes, in the Gulf of Alaska region, salmon are at historically high abundances but face an uncertain future due to rapid environmental change. We examined changes in climate, hydrology, land cover, salmon populations, and fisheries over the past 30–70 years in this region. We focused on the Kenai River, which supports world-famous fisheries but where Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha populations have declined, raising concerns about their future resilience. The region is warming and experiencing drier summers and wetter autumns. The landscape is also changing, with melting glaciers, wetland loss, wildfires, and human development. This environmental transformation will likely harm some salmon populations while benefiting others. Lowland salmon streams are especially vulnerable, but retreating glaciers may allow production gains in other streams. Some fishing communities harvest a diverse portfolio of fluctuating resources, whereas others have specialized over time, potentially limiting their resilience. Maintaining diverse habitats and salmon runs may allow ecosystems and fisheries to continue to thrive amidst these changes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/03632415.2017.1374251","usgsCitation":"Schoen, E.R., Wipfli, M.S., Trammell, J., Rinella, D.J., Floyd, A.L., Grunblatt, J., McCarthy, M.D., Meyer, B.E., Morton, J.M., Powell, J.E., Prakash, A., Reimer, M.N., Stuefer, S.L., Toniolo, H., Wells, B.M., and Witmer, F.D., 2017, Future of Pacific salmon in the face of environmental change: Lessons from one of the world's remaining productive salmon regions: Fisheries, v. 42, no. 10, p. 538-553, https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2017.1374251.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"538","endPage":"553","ipdsId":"IP-084989","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482061,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2017.1374251","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348312,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"42","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e872e4b09af898c8cb6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoen, Erik R.","contributorId":184107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schoen","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wipfli, Mark S. 0000-0002-4856-6068 mwipfli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-6068","contributorId":1425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"Mark","email":"mwipfli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit 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Jess","contributorId":189261,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grunblatt","given":"Jess","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCarthy, Molly D.","contributorId":200049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCarthy","given":"Molly","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Meyer, Benjamin E.","contributorId":200050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meyer","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Morton, John M.","contributorId":17097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Powell, James E.","contributorId":200051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Powell","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Prakash, Anupma","contributorId":189216,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Prakash","given":"Anupma","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13662,"text":"Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Reimer, Matthew N.","contributorId":200052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reimer","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Stuefer, Svetlana L.","contributorId":200053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stuefer","given":"Svetlana","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Toniolo, Horacio","contributorId":200054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Toniolo","given":"Horacio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Wells, Brett M.","contributorId":200055,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wells","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Witmer, Frank D. W.","contributorId":200056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Witmer","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"D. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70192823,"text":"70192823 - 2017 - Surveillance for highly pathogenic influenza A viruses in California during 2014–2015 provides insights into viral evolutionary pathways and the spatiotemporal extent of viruses in the Pacific Americas Flyway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T10:13:25","indexId":"70192823","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5203,"text":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surveillance for highly pathogenic influenza A viruses in California during 2014–2015 provides insights into viral evolutionary pathways and the spatiotemporal extent of viruses in the Pacific Americas Flyway","docAbstract":"

We used surveillance data collected in California before, concurrent with, and subsequent to an outbreak of highly pathogenic (HP) clade 2.3.4.4 influenza A viruses (IAVs) in 2014–2015 to (i) evaluate IAV prevalence in waterfowl, (ii) assess the evidence for spill-over infections in marine mammals and (iii) genetically characterize low-pathogenic (LP) and HP IAVs to refine inference on the spatiotemporal extent of HP genome constellations and to evaluate possible evolutionary pathways. We screened samples from 1496 waterfowl and 1142 marine mammals collected from April 2014 to August 2015 and detected IAV RNA in 159 samples collected from birds (n=157) and pinnipeds (n=2). HP IAV RNA was identified in three samples originating from American wigeon (Anas americana). Genetic sequence data were generated for a clade 2.3.4.4 HP IAV-positive diagnostic sample and 57 LP IAV isolates. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the HP IAV was a reassortant H5N8 virus with gene segments closely related to LP IAVs detected in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) sampled in California and other IAVs detected in wild birds sampled within the Pacific Americas Flyway. In addition, our analysis provided support for common ancestry between LP IAVs recovered from waterfowl sampled in California and gene segments of reassortant HP H5N1 IAVs detected in British Columbia, Canada and Washington, USA. Our investigation provides evidence that waterfowl are likely to have played a role in the evolution of reassortant HP IAVs in the Pacific Americas Flyway during 2014–2015, whereas we did not find support for spill-over infections in potential pinniped hosts.

","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/emi.2017.66","usgsCitation":"Ramey, A.M., Hill, N.J., Cline, T., Plancarte, M., De La Cruz, S., Casazza, M.L., Ackerman, J., Fleskes, J.P., Vickers, T.W., Reeves, A.B., Gulland, F., Fontaine, C., Prosser, D.J., Runstadler, J., and Boyce, W.M., 2017, Surveillance for highly pathogenic influenza A viruses in California during 2014–2015 provides insights into viral evolutionary pathways and the spatiotemporal extent of viruses in the Pacific Americas Flyway: Emerging Microbes & Infections, v. 6, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1038/emi.2017.66.","productDescription":"e80; 10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-086106","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/emi.2017.66","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348062,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fadd20e4b0531197b13c7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Nichola J.","contributorId":189563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hill","given":"Nichola","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cline, Troy","contributorId":198753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cline","given":"Troy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Plancarte, Magdalena","contributorId":198754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plancarte","given":"Magdalena","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"De La Cruz, Susan sdelacruz@usgs.gov","contributorId":131159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De La Cruz","given":"Susan","email":"sdelacruz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":717072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fleskes, Joseph P. 0000-0001-5388-6675 joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-6675","contributorId":177154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"Joseph","email":"joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Vickers, T. 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Freshwater growth of juvenile sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) depends upon the quality and quantity of prey and interactions with potential competitors in the foraging environment. To a large extent, knowledge about the ecology of lake-rearing juvenile sockeye salmon has emerged from studies of commercially important runs returning to deep nursery lakes, yet information from shallow nursery lakes (mean depth ≤ 10 m) is limited. We examined seasonal and ontogenetic variation in diets of juvenile sockeye salmon (N = 219, 30–85 mm) and an abundant potential competitor, threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus; N = 198, 42–67 mm), to understand their foraging ecology and potential trophic interactions in a shallow Alaska lake. This study revealed that adult insects made up 74% of all sockeye salmon diets by weight and were present in 98% of all stomachs in Afognak Lake during the summer of 2013. Diets varied temporally for all fishes, but small sockeye salmon (<60 mm) showed a distinct shift in consumption from zooplankton in early summer to adult insects in late summer. We found significant differences in diet composition between sockeye salmon and threespine stickleback and the origin of their prey indicated that they also separated their use of habitat on a fine scale; however, the two species showed overlap in size selectivity of zooplankton prey. Considering that aquatic insects can be a primary resource for juvenile sockeye salmon in Afognak Lake, we encourage the development of nursery lake carrying capacity models that include aquatic insects as a prey source for sockeye salmon.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12302","usgsCitation":"Richardson, N., Beaudreau, A.H., Wipfli, M.S., and Finkle, H., 2017, Prey partitioning and use of insects by juvenile sockeye salmon and a potential competitor, threespine stickleback, in Afognak Lake, Alaska: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 26, no. 4, p. 586-601, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12302.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"586","endPage":"601","ipdsId":"IP-077021","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348357,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Afognak Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.9894256591797,\n 58.08677049395305\n ],\n [\n -152.85261154174805,\n 58.08677049395305\n ],\n [\n -152.85261154174805,\n 58.13682719052186\n ],\n [\n -152.9894256591797,\n 58.13682719052186\n ],\n [\n -152.9894256591797,\n 58.08677049395305\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e873e4b09af898c8cb6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richardson, Natura","contributorId":198967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richardson","given":"Natura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beaudreau, Anne H.","contributorId":198968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beaudreau","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wipfli, Mark S. 0000-0002-4856-6068 mwipfli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-6068","contributorId":1425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"Mark","email":"mwipfli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finkle, Heather","contributorId":198969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finkle","given":"Heather","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}