{"pageNumber":"63","pageRowStart":"1550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10450,"records":[{"id":70215554,"text":"70215554 - 2020 - Modeling three-dimensional flow over spur-and-groove morphology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-30T16:06:18.953016","indexId":"70215554","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-19T08:24:35","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1338,"text":"Coral Reefs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling three-dimensional flow over spur-and-groove morphology","docAbstract":"<div id=\"Abs1-section\" class=\"c-article-section\"><div id=\"Abs1-content\" class=\"c-article-section__content\"><p>Spur-and-groove (SAG) morphology characterizes the fore reef of many coral reefs worldwide. Although the existence and geometrical properties of SAG have been well documented, an understanding of the hydrodynamics over them is limited. Here, the three-dimensional flow patterns over SAG formations, and a sensitivity of those patterns to waves, currents, and SAG geometry were characterized using the physics-based Delft3D-FLOW and SWAN models. Shore-normal shoaling waves over SAG formations were shown to drive two circulation cells: a cell on the lower fore reef with offshore flow over the spurs and onshore flow over the grooves, except near the seabed where velocities were always onshore, and a cell on the upper fore reef with offshore surface velocities and onshore bottom currents, which result in depth-averaged onshore and offshore flow over the spurs and grooves, respectively. The mechanism driving this flow results from the net of the radiation stress gradients and pressure gradient, which is balanced by the Reynolds stress gradients and bottom friction that differ over the spur and over the groove. Waves were the primary driver of variations in modelled flow over SAG, with the flow strength increasing for increasing wave heights and periods. Spur height, SAG wavelength, and the water depth at peak spur height were the dominant influences on the hydrodynamics, with spur heights directly proportional to the strength of SAG circulation cells. SAG formations with shorter SAG wavelengths only presented one circulation cell on the shallower portion of the reef, as opposed to the two circulation cells for longer SAG wavelengths. SAG formations with peak spur heights occurring in shallower water had stronger circulation than those with peak spur heights occurring in deeper water. These hydrodynamic patterns also likely affect coral and reef development through sediment and nutrient fluxes.</p></div></div><div id=\"Sec1-section\" class=\"c-article-section\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00338-020-02011-8","usgsCitation":"da Silva, R., Storlazzi, C., Rogers, J.S., Reyns, J., and McCall, R.T., 2020, Modeling three-dimensional flow over spur-and-groove morphology: Coral Reefs, v. 39, p. 1841-1858, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-020-02011-8.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1841","endPage":"1858","ipdsId":"IP-111695","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ZRJ9H8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Database to model three-dimensional flow over coral reef spur-and-groove morphology"},{"id":379645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"da Silva, Renan","contributorId":243607,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"da Silva","given":"Renan","affiliations":[{"id":48753,"text":"Deltares and UWA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":229614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":802703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rogers, Justin S.","contributorId":208527,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reyns, Johan","contributorId":224304,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reyns","given":"Johan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36257,"text":"Deltares","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCall, Robert T.","contributorId":148986,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCall","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12474,"text":"Deltares, Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70227625,"text":"70227625 - 2020 - Estimating population-specific predation effects on Chinook salmon via data integration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-21T14:54:34.2629","indexId":"70227625","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-18T08:33:32","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating population-specific predation effects on Chinook salmon via data integration","docAbstract":"<ol class=\"\"><li>Recent success in the conservation of many marine mammals has resulted in new management challenges due to increasing conflict with fisheries. Increasing predation by pinnipeds on threatened salmon is of particular concern. Seemingly, pinniped conservation is now in conflict with the recovery of threatened salmon, creating a dilemma for managers.</li><li>We use the Lower Columbia River as a case study for examining the relationship between seasonal California sea lion<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Zalophus californianus</i><span>&nbsp;</span>abundance and survival of threatened salmon. To quantify mortality associated with increasing sea lion abundance, we examined the effect of seasonal sea lion abundance on adult Chinook salmon<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span>&nbsp;</span>survival during migrations through the Lower Columbia River. We integrated data on survival with data on population-specific migration timing, allowing quantification of the relationship between sea lion abundance and survival in 18 populations of spring–summer Chinook salmon listed as Threatened or Endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act.</li><li>Of the 18 populations examined, earlier migrating populations experienced lower survival in association with increased exposure to higher sea lion abundance. We estimated that in years with high sea lion abundance, the nine earliest-migrating populations experienced an additional 21.1% (95% CI&nbsp;=&nbsp;16.3–26.1) mortality compared to years with baseline sea lion abundance, while the nine latest migrating populations experienced an additional 10.1% (7.5–13.0).</li><li><i>Synthesis and applications</i>. Integrating datasets on seasonal survival and migration timing made it possible for us to estimate population-specific mortality associated with increased sea lion abundance in the Lower Columbia River. This information could not be produced from any one dataset, highlighting the utility of data integration approaches. The mortality experienced by early migrating Chinook salmon suggests the potential for demographic and evolutionary consequences. Management actions such as hazing, relocating, or removing individuals that are frequent predators on salmon have been proposed. Identifying the management actions that will allow for socially and legally acceptable trade-offs between multiple conservation and other social values will be facilitated by development of explicit multi-species management frameworks. Continued monitoring will help to reduce the substantial uncertainty about the effect of pinnipeds on salmon and the predicted outcomes of alternative management actions.</li></ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.13772","usgsCitation":"Sorel, M.H., Zabel, R.W., Johnson, D.S., Wargo Rub, A., and Converse, S.J., 2020, Estimating population-specific predation effects on Chinook salmon via data integration: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 58, no. 2, p. 372-381, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13772.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"372","endPage":"381","ipdsId":"IP-116070","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455024,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13772","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":394656,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":394655,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4037280"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.67584228515625,\n              46.14368574598159\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.4808349609375,\n              46.14368574598159\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.4808349609375,\n              46.31089291474789\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.67584228515625,\n              46.31089291474789\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.67584228515625,\n              46.14368574598159\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"58","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"McCallum, Hamish","contributorId":174852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCallum","given":"Hamish","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831409,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Sorel, Mark H.","contributorId":171739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sorel","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zabel, Richard W.","contributorId":272049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zabel","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Devin S.","contributorId":167773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Devin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":24829,"text":"National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Seattle, Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wargo Rub, A. Michelle","contributorId":272050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wargo Rub","given":"A. Michelle","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Converse, Sarah J. 0000-0002-3719-5441 sconverse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-5441","contributorId":173772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah","email":"sconverse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70227991,"text":"70227991 - 2020 - Optimizing release strategies: A stepping-stone approach to reintroduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-03T18:03:42.811857","indexId":"70227991","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-13T11:46:57","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"title":"Optimizing release strategies: A stepping-stone approach to reintroduction","docAbstract":"Evaluation of alternative management strategies enables informed decisions to accelerate species recovery. For reintroductions, post-release survival to reproductive age is a key parameter influencing population growth. Here we trial a ‘stepping-stone’ method to maximize the success of captive-bred animals when the availability of more suitable wild-born release candidates is limited. Our approach makes use of relatively safe and established wild populations to prepare captive-bred individuals for eventual translocation to a final release destination, thus building resilience through establishment of multiple populations over time. We developed a novel multievent model integrating encounter history and biotelemetry data to evaluate reintroduction strategies for the critically endangered Vancouver Island marmot (Marmota vancouverensis). We compared post-release survival of 176 individuals (52 wild-born, 47 captive-bred marmots released directly to destinations, and 77 captive-bred marmots released with a stepping-stone approach). Survival estimates to prime breeding-age (PBA), were then used to quantify expected success of potential release strategies. Our analysis indicates that post-release survival varies by source population and release method, as well as age, season, year, and years since release. Conditional on an objective of maximizing survival to PBA, our results suggest that using wild-born marmots for translocations as often as possible, and stepping-stone captive-bred marmots prior to final release, will result in the best outcomes. There was a 0.86 probability that survival to PBA was greater for captive-bred marmots released as yearlings using a stepping-stone approach (survival to PBA mode = 0.13, 95% CRI = 0.05-0.30) than for captive-bred animals that were directly released to destination sites as one-year-olds (survival to PBA mode = 0.04, 95% CRI = 0.01-0.24). Consequently, the stepping-stone approach yields much higher population establishment or growth potential than previous release strategies that used captive-bred marmots. Optimizing the combination of release candidates, sites, and timing can thereby increase the effectiveness of reintroductions.","language":"English","doi":"10.1111/acv.12448","usgsCitation":"Lloyd, N., Hostetter, N.J., Jackson, C., Converse, S.J., and Moehrenschlager, A., 2020, Optimizing release strategies: A stepping-stone approach to reintroduction, v. 22, no. 2, p. 105-115, https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12448.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"115","ipdsId":"IP-096318","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455061,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12448","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395380,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"British Columbia","otherGeospatial":"Mount Washington , Strathcona Provincial Park, Vancouver Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -125.46798706054689,\n              49.65962776497079\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.22285461425781,\n              49.65962776497079\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.22285461425781,\n              49.75864680446802\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.46798706054689,\n              49.75864680446802\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.46798706054689,\n              49.65962776497079\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lloyd, N.A.","contributorId":215990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lloyd","given":"N.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39343,"text":"Centre for Conservation Research, Calgary Zoological Society, Calgary, AB, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hostetter, Nathan J. 0000-0001-6075-2157 nhostetter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6075-2157","contributorId":198843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetter","given":"Nathan","email":"nhostetter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":833079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jackson, C.L.","contributorId":215991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39344,"text":"Marmot Recovery Foundation, Nanaimo, BC, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Converse, Sarah J. 0000-0002-3719-5441 sconverse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-5441","contributorId":173772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah","email":"sconverse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moehrenschlager, A.","contributorId":215992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moehrenschlager","given":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39343,"text":"Centre for Conservation Research, Calgary Zoological Society, Calgary, AB, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70228408,"text":"70228408 - 2020 - Expanding the feasibility of fish and wildlife assessments with close-kin mark–recapture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-10T16:22:04.76759","indexId":"70228408","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-13T10:17:15","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Expanding the feasibility of fish and wildlife assessments with close-kin mark–recapture","docAbstract":"<p><span>Close-kin mark–recapture (CKMR) is a powerful new method for the assessment of fish and wildlife population dynamics. Unlike traditional mark–recapture techniques, the use of kinship as an identifying mark is robust to many forms of capture heterogeneity including variation in gear efficiency and tagging-based effects such as loss and differential mortality. In addition, close-kin methods can be applied to a wider range of sampling designs than traditional methods (e.g., single-occasion surveys and lethal capture), can provide retrospective historical abundance estimates, and can produce survival estimates from as few as two sampling occasions. We evaluated the ability of CKMR to provide estimates of abundance and adult survival and then compared results to those from traditional mark–recapture. This analysis incorporated data from a three-year study of lake resident brook trout (</span><i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i><span>) where individuals were both physically (PIT) tagged and genotyped for 44 de novo developed microsatellites with high throughput sequencing. Traditional mark–recapture estimates were derived using Pollock’s Robust Design, relying upon three primary open sampling occasions and four secondary closed occasions. We found that close-kin methods produced contemporary estimates of adult abundance and survival that were similar to those produced by traditional mark–recapture in both magnitude and precision. Furthermore, CKMR provided abundance estimates for multiple years prior to sampling and, when restricted to data from a single year, still produced reliable abundance estimates for at least one and as many as three years. Retrospective abundance estimates corresponded with those from a separate historical two-sample mark–recapture dataset. This study provides support for the use of CKMR as a robust and sampling-efficient alternative to traditional mark–recapture methods of assessing population parameters.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3259","usgsCitation":"Marcy-Quay, B., Sethi, S., Therkildsen, N.O., and Kraft, C., 2020, Expanding the feasibility of fish and wildlife assessments with close-kin mark–recapture: Ecosphere, v. 11, no. 10, e3259, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3259.","productDescription":"e3259, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-115671","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3259","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395777,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Honnedaga Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.8139762878418,\n              43.5031182163569\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.79663848876953,\n              43.514945729095245\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.8029899597168,\n              43.52229007033024\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.81002807617186,\n              43.52888676718944\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.87508773803711,\n              43.53797160252612\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.86993789672852,\n              43.530006889344705\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.82891082763672,\n              43.52353478532976\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.81552124023438,\n              43.51681301924114\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.81809616088867,\n              43.50573291871012\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.8139762878418,\n              43.5031182163569\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marcy-Quay, Benjamin","contributorId":275703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marcy-Quay","given":"Benjamin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sethi, Suresh 0000-0002-0053-1827 ssethi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0053-1827","contributorId":191424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sethi","given":"Suresh","email":"ssethi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Therkildsen, Nina O.","contributorId":275704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Therkildsen","given":"Nina","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kraft, Clifford E.","contributorId":275705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kraft","given":"Clifford E.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70215356,"text":"70215356 - 2020 - Determining habitat limitations of Maumee River walleye production to western Lake Erie fish stocks: Documenting a spawning ground barrier","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-30T16:39:00.408384","indexId":"70215356","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-09T08:22:22","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining habitat limitations of Maumee River walleye production to western Lake Erie fish stocks: Documenting a spawning ground barrier","docAbstract":"<p><span>Tributaries provide spawning habitat for three of four major sub-stocks of Lake Erie walleye (</span><i>Sander vitreus</i><span>). Despite anthropogenic degradation and the extirpation of other potamodromous species, the Maumee River, Ohio, USA continues to support one of the largest fish migrations in the Laurentian Great Lakes. To determine if spawning habitat availability and quality could limit production of Maumee River walleye, two habitat suitability models were created for the lower 51&nbsp;km of the Maumee River and the distribution and numbers of walleye eggs deposited in a 25 km stretch of river were assessed. Walleye eggs were collected using a diaphragm pump at 7 and 10 sites from March/April to May 2014 and 2015. The habitat suitability models showed that &lt;3% of the river yielded ‘good’ walleye spawning habitat and 11–38% yielded ‘moderate’ walleye spawning habitat, depending on the model. However, a large set of rapids at river kilometer 28 and more than five river kilometers of less suitable habitat separated areas of ‘good’ habitat. The rapids may present a migratory barrier for many spawning walleye, as modeled water velocities exceed maximum estimated walleye swim speeds 71–100% of days during pre-spawn migration and spawning during the study period. In both study years, there was a sharp decline in mean egg numbers from spawning sites downstream of the rapids (439.7 eggs/2 min tow&nbsp;±&nbsp;990.6 SD) to upstream sites (5.9&nbsp;eggs/2 min tow&nbsp;±&nbsp;19.4 SD). Physical barriers like rapids may reduce spawning habitat connectivity and could limit walleye production in the Maumee River.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2020.08.022","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, B., Tucker, T., Collier, J., Mayer, C., Roseman, E., Stott, W., and Pritt, J., 2020, Determining habitat limitations of Maumee River walleye production to western Lake Erie fish stocks: Documenting a spawning ground barrier: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 46, no. 6, p. 1661-1673, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.08.022.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1661","endPage":"1673","ipdsId":"IP-115670","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9214IQU","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Walleye (Sander vitreus) egg deposition and spawning habitat suitability in the Maumee River, OH (2014-2015)"},{"id":379460,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Maumee River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.36975097656249,\n              41.68111756290652\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.47412109375,\n              41.75492216766298\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.232177734375,\n              41.47977575214487\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.638671875,\n              41.31082388091818\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.5947265625,\n              41.08763212467916\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.81469726562499,\n              41.33970040774419\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.5015869140625,\n              41.51269075845857\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.36975097656249,\n              41.68111756290652\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Brian 0000-0001-7067-6194","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7067-6194","contributorId":242674,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Brian","affiliations":[{"id":13589,"text":"Ohio DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tucker, Taaja 0000-0003-1534-4677","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1534-4677","contributorId":217908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"Taaja","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collier, Jessica","contributorId":242677,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collier","given":"Jessica","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mayer, Christine","contributorId":237769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mayer","given":"Christine","affiliations":[{"id":47604,"text":"University of Toledo, Lake Erie Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F. 0000-0002-5315-9838","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5315-9838","contributorId":217909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stott, Wendylee 0000-0002-5252-4901 wstott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5252-4901","contributorId":191249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stott","given":"Wendylee","email":"wstott@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pritt, Jeremy J.","contributorId":138591,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pritt","given":"Jeremy J.","affiliations":[{"id":12455,"text":"University of Toledo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70215393,"text":"70215393 - 2020 - Patterns and isotopic composition of greenhouse gases under ice in lakes of interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-17T15:25:20.524564","indexId":"70215393","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-08T10:20:52","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns and isotopic composition of greenhouse gases under ice in lakes of interior Alaska","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-text wd-jnl-art-abstract cf\"><p>Arctic and boreal lake greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) are an important component of regional carbon (C) budgets. Yet the magnitude and seasonal patterns of lake GHG emissions are poorly constrained, because sampling is limited in these remote landscapes, particularly during winter and shoulder seasons. To better define patterns of under ice GHG content (and emissions potential at spring thaw), we surveyed carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) concentrations and stable isotopic composition during winter of 2017 in 13 lakes in the arid Yukon Flats Basin of interior Alaska, USA. Partial pressures of CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and CH<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>ranged over three orders of magnitude, were positively correlated, and CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>exceeded CH<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>at all but one site. Shallow, organic matter-rich lakes located at lower elevations tended to have the highest concentrations of both gases, though CH<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>content was more heterogeneous and only abundant in oxygen-depleted lakes, while CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>was negatively correlated to oxygen content. Isotopic values of CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>spanned a narrow range (−10‰ to −23‰) compared to CH<sub>4</sub>, which ranged over 50‰ (−19‰ to −71‰), indicating CH<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>source pathways and sink strength varied widely between lakes. Miller-Tans and Keeling plots qualitatively suggested two groups of lakes were present; one with isotopically enriched source CH<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>possibly more dominated by acetoclastic methanogenesis, and one with depleted signatures suggesting a dominance of the hydrogenotrophic production. Overall, regional lake differences in winter under ice GHG content appear to track landscape position, oxygen, and organic matter content and composition, causing patterns to vary widely even within a relatively small geographic area of interior Alaska.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Science","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/abb493","usgsCitation":"O’Dwyer, M., Butman, D., Striegl, R.G., Dornblaser, M.M., Wickland, K.P., Kuhn, C.D., and Bogard, M.J., 2020, Patterns and isotopic composition of greenhouse gases under ice in lakes of interior Alaska: Environmental Research Letters, v. 15, no. 10, 105016, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abb493.","productDescription":"105016, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-116217","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455096,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abb493","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379483,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -149.677734375,\n              66.05371622067922\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.0205078125,\n              66.05371622067922\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.0205078125,\n              68.47992564291266\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.677734375,\n              68.47992564291266\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.677734375,\n              66.05371622067922\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Dwyer, Madeline","contributorId":243303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Dwyer","given":"Madeline","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butman, David","contributorId":224754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butman","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":16962,"text":"U. Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":801987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dornblaser, Mark M. 0000-0002-6298-3757 mmdornbl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6298-3757","contributorId":1636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dornblaser","given":"Mark","email":"mmdornbl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wickland, Kimberly P. 0000-0002-6400-0590 kpwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-0590","contributorId":1835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickland","given":"Kimberly","email":"kpwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kuhn, Catherine D. 0000-0002-9220-630X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9220-630X","contributorId":213255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuhn","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bogard, Matthew J. 0000-0001-9491-0328","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9491-0328","contributorId":213254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bogard","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70215232,"text":"70215232 - 2020 - A latent process model approach to improve the utility of indicator species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-14T16:42:07.776742","indexId":"70215232","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-08T07:35:14","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2939,"text":"Oikos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A latent process model approach to improve the utility of indicator species","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>The state of an ecosystem is governed by dynamic biotic and abiotic processes, which can only be partially observed. Costs associated with measuring each component limit the feasibility of comprehensive assessments of target ecosystems. Instead, indicator species are recommended as a surrogate index. While this is an attractive concept, indicator species have rarely proven to be an effective tool for monitoring ecosystems and informing management decisions. One deficiency in the existing theoretical development of indicator species may be overcome with the incorporation of latent (i.e. unobservable) states. Advancements in quantitative ecological models allow for latent‐state models to be tested empirically, facilitating the robust evaluation and practical use of indicator species for ecosystem science and management. Here, we extend the existing conceptual models of indicator species to include a direct relationship between an indicator species, ecosystem change drivers and latent processes and variables. Our approach includes explicit consideration of important estimation uncertainty and narrows the range of values a latent variable may take by relating it to measurable attribute(s) of an indicator species. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by relating a commonly cited indicator species, the red‐backed salamander<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Plethodon cinereus</i>, to a typical latent process of interest – ecosystem health.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/oik.07334","usgsCitation":"Fleming, J.E., Sutherland, C., Sterrett, S., and Campbell Grant, E.H., 2020, A latent process model approach to improve the utility of indicator species: Oikos, v. 129, no. 12, p. 1753-1762, https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.07334.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1753","endPage":"1762","ipdsId":"IP-118473","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379347,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"129","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, Jillian Elizabeth 0000-0003-2570-914X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2570-914X","contributorId":238931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"Jillian","email":"","middleInitial":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sutherland, Chris","contributorId":150670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sutherland","given":"Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":801244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sterrett, Sean C 0000-0003-1356-2785","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1356-2785","contributorId":242972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sterrett","given":"Sean C","affiliations":[{"id":38445,"text":"Monmouth University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Campbell Grant, Evan H. 0000-0003-4401-6496 ehgrant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":150443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell Grant","given":"Evan","email":"ehgrant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70215014,"text":"70215014 - 2020 - Can oceanic prey effects on growth and time to fledging mediate terrestrial predator limitation of an at‐risk seabird?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T16:36:03.416549","indexId":"70215014","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-05T11:28:51","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Can oceanic prey effects on growth and time to fledging mediate terrestrial predator limitation of an at‐risk seabird?","docAbstract":"<p><span>Most seabird species nest colonially on cliffs or islands with limited terrestrial predation, so that oceanic effects on the quality or quantity of prey fed to chicks more often determine nest success. However, when predator access increases, impacts can be dramatic, especially when exposure to predators is extended due to slow growth from inadequate food. Kittlitz’s Murrelet (</span><i>Brachyramphus brevirostris</i><span>), a rare seabird having experienced serious declines, nests solitarily on the ground in barren, often alpine areas where exposure to predators is generally low. Nestling growth rates are exceptionally high and nestling periods very short relative to other Alcidae. This strategy reduces duration of exposure to predators, but demands adequate deliveries of high‐energy prey. In an area where foxes can access nests, we investigated whether varying energy content of prey fed to chicks could alter growth rates and resulting duration of predator exposure, and whether prolonged exposure appreciably reduced nest success. From 2009 to 2016, we monitored 139 nests; 49% were depredated (almost all by foxes) and 25% fledged. Prey fed to nestlings were 80% Pacific sand lance (</span><i>Ammodytes personatus</i><span>) and 19% capelin (</span><i>Mallotus villosus</i><span>), with capelin having 2.3× higher energy content per fish. In a year of slow chick growth, increased sand lance energy density of 31% (4.29–5.64&nbsp;kJ/g, within published values), or increased proportion of capelin in the diet from 5.6% to 27.2%, would have allowed maximum chick growth. Maximum growth rates were attainable by delivering only 1.9 capelin/d versus 5.5 sand lance/d. Slow growth increased time to fledging by up to 5&nbsp;d, decreasing survival by 7.7% (0.142–0.131). Breeding propensity of Kittlitz’s Murrelet averages only 20%, so even small changes in nest success could affect populations. Although nest success was limited mainly by predation, oceanic effects on prey quantity and quality had overriding impacts in one year (2015 heat wave), and small but substantive effects in other years by mediating exposure to predation. Climate warming that decreases availability of high‐energy forage fish, or increases expansion of predators into nesting habitats, may disproportionately affect this sensitive species and others with predator‐accessible nests and demands for energy‐rich prey.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3229","usgsCitation":"Knudson, T., Lovvorn, J.R., Lawonn, M.J., Corcoran, R., Roby, D., Piatt, J.F., and Pyle, W., 2020, Can oceanic prey effects on growth and time to fledging mediate terrestrial predator limitation of an at‐risk seabird?: Ecosphere, v. 11, no. 10, e03229, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3229.","productDescription":"e03229, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-104627","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455127,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3229","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379090,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kodiak Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -154.072265625,\n              57.844750992891\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.9951171875,\n              57.326521225217064\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.20410156249997,\n              56.46249048388979\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.4794921875,\n              57.58655886615978\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.875,\n              58.6769376725869\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.072265625,\n              57.844750992891\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knudson, Timothy","contributorId":242627,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knudson","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48489,"text":"Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lovvorn, James R.","contributorId":167714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lovvorn","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13212,"text":"Southern Illinois University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lawonn, M. James","contributorId":242628,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawonn","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[{"id":13016,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Corcoran, Robin","contributorId":242629,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corcoran","given":"Robin","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roby, Dan","contributorId":242630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roby","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13016,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pyle, William","contributorId":242631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pyle","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70215254,"text":"70215254 - 2020 - Linking mesoscale meteorology with extreme landscape response: Effects of narrow cold frontal rainbands (NCFR)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-14T12:30:56.62952","indexId":"70215254","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-04T07:23:39","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6454,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research - Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking mesoscale meteorology with extreme landscape response: Effects of narrow cold frontal rainbands (NCFR)","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Landscapes evolve in response to prolonged and/or intense precipitation resulting from atmospheric processes at various spatial and temporal scales. Whereas synoptic (large‐scale) features (e.g., atmospheric rivers and hurricanes) govern regional‐scale hydrologic hazards such as widespread flooding, mesoscale features such as thunderstorms or squall lines are more likely to trigger localized geomorphic hazards such as landslides. Thus, to better understand relations between hydrometeorological drivers and landscape response, a knowledge of mesoscale meteorology and its impacts is needed. Here we investigate the extreme geomorphic response associated with one type of mesoscale meteorological feature, the narrow cold frontal rainband (NCFR). Resulting from low‐level convergence and shallow convection along a cold front, NCFRs are narrow bands of high‐intensity rainfall that occur in midlatitude areas of the world. Our study examines an NCFR impacting the Sierra Nevada foothills (California, USA) that initiated over 500 landslides, mobilized ~360,000 metric tons of sediment to the fluvial system (as much as 16 times the local annual sediment yield), and severely damaged local infrastructure and regional water transport facilities. Coupling geomorphological field investigations with meteorological analyses, we demonstrate that precipitation associated with the NCFR was both intense (maximum 15&nbsp;min intensity of 70&nbsp;mm/hr) and localized, resulting in a highly concentrated band of shallow landsliding. This meteorological phenomenon likely plays an important role in landscape evolution and hazard initiation. Other types of mesoscale meteorological features also occur globally and offer new avenues for understanding the effects of storms on landscapes.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020JF005675","usgsCitation":"Collins, B.D., Oakley, N.S., Perkins, J.P., East, A.E., Corbett, S.C., and Hatchett, B.J., 2020, Linking mesoscale meteorology with extreme landscape response: Effects of narrow cold frontal rainbands (NCFR): Journal of Geophysical Research - Earth Surface, v. 125, no. 10, e2020JF005675, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JF005675.","productDescription":"e2020JF005675, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118118","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455145,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jf005675","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436767,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BU8FAQ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Field, geotechnical, and meteorological data of the 22 March 2018 narrow cold frontal rainband (NCFR) and its effects, Tuolumne River canyon, Sierra Nevada Foothills, California"},{"id":379345,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Groveland vicinity","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.56121826171875,\n              37.66208079655377\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.93225097656251,\n              37.66208079655377\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.93225097656251,\n              38.013476231041935\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.56121826171875,\n              38.013476231041935\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.56121826171875,\n              37.66208079655377\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"125","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Brian D. 0000-0003-4881-5359 bcollins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4881-5359","contributorId":149278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Brian","email":"bcollins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oakley, N. S. 0000-0001-5680-9296","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5680-9296","contributorId":236978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oakley","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":47583,"text":"Desert Research Institute and Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perkins, Jonathan P. 0000-0002-6113-338X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6113-338X","contributorId":237053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"East, Amy E. 0000-0002-9567-9460 aeast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9567-9460","contributorId":196364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Amy","email":"aeast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Corbett, Skye C. 0000-0003-3277-1021 scorbett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3277-1021","contributorId":200617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corbett","given":"Skye","email":"scorbett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hatchett, Benjamin J. 0000-0003-1066-3601","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1066-3601","contributorId":214405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatchett","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":39033,"text":"Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70228380,"text":"70228380 - 2020 - An open-sourced, web-based application to improve our ability to understand hunter and angler purchasing behavior from license data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T15:54:16.569092","indexId":"70228380","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-01T09:45:04","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An open-sourced, web-based application to improve our ability to understand hunter and angler purchasing behavior from license data","docAbstract":"<p>State fish and wildlife agencies rely on hunters and anglers (i.e., sportspersons) to fund management actions through revenue generated from license sales and excise taxes on hunting and fishing equipment. There is a need to develop new techniques that bridge the information gap on participation and provide agencies with an understanding of sportspersons at a resolution that can more directly inform efforts to engage sportspersons. Monitoring sportsperson participation using information about their license-purchasing behavior has the potential to reveal important patterns in recruitment (first-time purchase of a hunting or fishing license), retention (continued purchase of licenses across multiple years), and reactivation (purchase a license after several years with no purchases). Providing up-to-date information on what licenses are purchased, when and by whom may prove invaluable to managers and policy makers. We present a customizable, open-source, web-based application—huntfishapp—that allows the user to query and interact with a structured query language (SQL) hunting and fishing license database. The huntfishapp serves as an informational resource and tool that provides a framework to share information on license sales across an agency, with intent of increasing understanding of (a) sportspersons and (b) how management decisions affect sportspersons. Data dashboards, like the huntfishapp, allow agencies and non-governmental organizations to become more knowledgeable of their customer base and provide a greater understanding of management-decision effects on hunting and fishing participation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0226397","usgsCitation":"Price, N.B., Chizinski, C.J., Fontaine, J.J., Pope, K.L., Rahe, M., and Rawlinson, J., 2020, An open-sourced, web-based application to improve our ability to understand hunter and angler purchasing behavior from license data: PLoS ONE, v. 15, no. 10, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226397.","productDescription":"e0226397, 17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","ipdsId":"IP-111226","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455159,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226397","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395669,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Xin, Baogui","contributorId":275367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xin","given":"Baogui","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834054,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Price, Nathaniel B.","contributorId":264316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Price","given":"Nathaniel","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chizinski, Christopher J.","contributorId":7178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chizinski","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fontaine, Joseph J. 0000-0002-7639-9156 jfontaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7639-9156","contributorId":3820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fontaine","given":"Joseph","email":"jfontaine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":270762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rahe, Micaela","contributorId":275362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rahe","given":"Micaela","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56765,"text":"National Wild Turkey Federation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rawlinson, Jeff","contributorId":275363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rawlinson","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17640,"text":"Nebraska Game and Parks Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70260213,"text":"70260213 - 2020 - Two ensemble approaches for forecasting sulfur dioxide concentrations from Kīlauea volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-30T11:58:35.950719","indexId":"70260213","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-01T06:55:48","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3735,"text":"Weather and Forecasting","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Two ensemble approaches for forecasting sulfur dioxide concentrations from Kīlauea volcano","docAbstract":"<div class=\"component component-content-item component-content-summary abstract_or_excerpt\"><div class=\"content-box box border-bottom border-bottom-inherit border-bottom-inherit no-padding no-header vertical-margin-bottom null\"><div class=\"content-box-body \"><p>Kīlauea volcano, located on the island of Hawaii, is one of the most active volcanoes in the world. It was in a state of nearly continuous eruption from 1983 to 2018 with copious emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>) that affected public health, agriculture, and infrastructure over large portions of the island. Since 2010, the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa provides publicly available vog forecasts that began in 2010 to aid in the mitigation of volcanic smog (or “vog”) as a hazard. In September 2017, the forecast system began to produce operational ensemble forecasts. The months that preceded Kīlauea’s historic lower east rift zone eruption of 2018 provide an opportunity to evaluate the newly implemented air quality ensemble prediction system and compare it another approach to the generation of ensemble members. One of the two approaches generates perturbations in the wind field while the other perturbs the sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>) emission rate from the volcano. This comparison has implications for the limits of forecast predictability under the particularly dynamic conditions at Kīlauea volcano. We show that for ensemble forecasts of SO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>generated under these conditions, the uncertainty associated with the SO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>emission rate approaches that of the uncertainty in the wind field. However, the inclusion of a fluctuating SO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>emission rate has the potential to improve the prediction of the changes in air quality downwind of the volcano with suitable postprocessing.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/WAF-D-19-0189.1","usgsCitation":"Holland, L., Businger, S., Elias, T., and Cherubini, T., 2020, Two ensemble approaches for forecasting sulfur dioxide concentrations from Kīlauea volcano: Weather and Forecasting, v. 35, no. 5, p. 1923-1937, https://doi.org/10.1175/WAF-D-19-0189.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1923","endPage":"1937","ipdsId":"IP-112118","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-19-0189.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":463414,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.5280575771671,\n              19.636187244535606\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.5280575771671,\n              19.167002726002252\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.9496591158342,\n              19.167002726002252\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.9496591158342,\n              19.636187244535606\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.5280575771671,\n              19.636187244535606\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holland, Lacey","contributorId":147879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holland","given":"Lacey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16953,"text":"University of Utah, Atmospheric Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Businger, Steven","contributorId":345757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Businger","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39036,"text":"University of Hawaii at Manoa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elias, Tamar 0000-0002-9592-4518 telias@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9592-4518","contributorId":3916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elias","given":"Tamar","email":"telias@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":917427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cherubini, Tiziana","contributorId":199762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cherubini","given":"Tiziana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":917428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70214614,"text":"ofr20201103 - 2020 - Annotated bibliography of scientific research on greater sage-grouse published from 2015 to 2019","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70195366,"text":"ofr20181008 - 2018 - Annotated bibliography of scientific research on greater sage-grouse published since January 2015","indexId":"ofr20181008","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"title":"Annotated bibliography of scientific research on greater sage-grouse published since January 2015"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70214614,"text":"ofr20201103 - 2020 - Annotated bibliography of scientific research on greater sage-grouse published from 2015 to 2019","indexId":"ofr20201103","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"title":"Annotated bibliography of scientific research on greater sage-grouse published from 2015 to 2019"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-01T17:06:53.237674","indexId":"ofr20201103","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-30T17:33:34","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-1103","displayTitle":"Annotated Bibliography of Scientific Research on Greater Sage-Grouse Published from 2015 to 2019","title":"Annotated bibliography of scientific research on greater sage-grouse published from 2015 to 2019","docAbstract":"<p>The greater sage-grouse (<i>Centrocercus urophasianus</i>; hereafter GRSG) has been a focus of scientific investigation and management action for the past two decades. The 2015 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service listing determination of “not warranted” was in part due to a large-scale collaborative effort to develop strategies to conserve GRSG populations and their habitat and to reduce threats to both. New scientific information augments existing knowledge and can help inform updates or modifications to existing plans for managing GRSG and sagebrush ecosystems. However, the sheer number of scientific publications can be a challenge for managers tasked with evaluating and determining the need for potential updates to existing planning documents. To assist in this process, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has reviewed and summarized the scientific literature published since January 1, 2015. The first GRSG literature summary was published early in 2018. Here we provide an update to that document by adding summaries of articles published between January 6, 2018 and October 2, 2019.</p><p>To identify articles and reports published about GRSG, we first conducted a structured search of three reference databases (Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar) using the search term “greater sage-grouse.” We refined the initial list of products by (1) removing duplicates, (2) excluding products that were not published as research or scientific review articles in peer-reviewed journals or as formal technical reports, and (3) retaining only those products for which GRSG or their habitat was a research focus.</p><p>We summarized the contents of each product by using a consistent structure (background, objectives, methods, location, findings, and implications) and assessed the content of each product relevant to a list of 31 management topics. These topics include GRSG biology and habitat characteristics along with potential management actions, land uses, and environmental factors related to GRSG management and conservation. We also noted which articles/reports created new geospatial data.</p><p>Our original search, conducted on January 7, 2018, and the application of our criteria, resulted in the inclusion of 169 published products (2 of these products were published corrections to journal articles). This update adds summaries of 69 products published between then and October 2, 2019. The management topics most commonly addressed were GRSG behavior or demographics and GRSG habitat selection or habitat characteristics at broad or site scales. Few products addressed captive breeding, recreation, wild horses and burros, and range management structures (including fences). The management topics with the largest increase in representation between the 2018 GRSG literature summary and this update were GRSG survival and GRSG population estimates or targets, which were each addressed in 16 percent of products in the original literature summary document, but were addressed in 30 and 33 percent, respectively, of newly summarized products. Topics with the largest declines in representation were conifer expansion, - 17 to 10 percent, and new geospatial data, -31 to 21 percent. We include in this annotated bibliography the full citation, Digital Object Identifier (DOI), product summary, and management topics addressed by each product. The online version of this bibliography (https://apps.usgs.gov/gsgbib/index.php) is searchable by topic and location and includes links to journal landing pages for each original publication.</p><p>A substantial body of literature has been compiled on research explicitly related to the conservation, management, monitoring, and assessment of GRSG. These studies may inform planning and management actions that seek to balance conservation, economic, and social objectives and manage diverse resource uses and values across the western United States.</p><p>The review process for this product included requesting input on each summary from one or more authors of the original peer-reviewed article or report and a formal review of the entire document by three independent reviewers for the original document and by two independent reviewers for the updated document and, subsequently, the USGS Bureau Approving Official. This process is consistent with USGS Fundamental Science Practices.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201103","usgsCitation":"Carter, S.K., Arkle, R.S., Bencin, H.L., Harms, B.R., Manier, D.J., Johnston, A.N., Phillips, S.L., Hanser, S.E., and Bowen, Z.H., 2020, Annotated bibliography of scientific research on greater sage-grouse published from 2015 to 2019: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1103, 264 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201103.","productDescription":"v, 264 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-117994","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378931,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://apps.usgs.gov/gsgbib/index.php","text":"Interactive, searchable version —","description":"Related Work - Interactive, searchable version","linkHelpText":"Annotated Bibliography of Scientific Research on Greater Sage-Grouse Published since January 2015"},{"id":378930,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1103/ofr20201103.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020-1103"},{"id":378929,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1103/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":378932,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181017","text":"Open-File Report 2018-1017 —","description":"Related Work - OFR 2018-1017","linkHelpText":"Greater Sage-Grouse Science (2015–17)—Synthesis and Potential Management Implications"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Greater sage-grouse Management Zones","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.71679687499999,\n              32.54681317351514\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.337890625,\n              34.95799531086792\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.07421875,\n              52.482780222078226\n            ],\n            [\n              -126.12304687500001,\n              50.233151832472245\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.71679687499999,\n              32.54681317351514\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/fort\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/fort\">Fort Collins Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>2150 Centre Ave., Building C<br>Fort Collins, CO 80526-8118</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Purpose and Scope</li><li>Methods</li><li>Results and Conclusions</li><li>Review Process</li><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Annotated Bibliography</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-09-30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, Sarah K. 0000-0003-3778-8615","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3778-8615","contributorId":192418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arkle, Robert S. 0000-0003-3021-1389 rarkle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3021-1389","contributorId":3501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arkle","given":"Robert S.","email":"rarkle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":800232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bencin, Heidi L. 0000-0002-0879-5392","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0879-5392","contributorId":222412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencin","given":"Heidi","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harms, Benjamin R. 0000-0001-7570-6962","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7570-6962","contributorId":222413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harms","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Manier, Daniel J. 0000-0002-1105-1327 manierd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1105-1327","contributorId":4589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manier","given":"Daniel","email":"manierd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":800235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnston, Aaron N. 0000-0003-4659-0504 ajohnston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-0504","contributorId":241957,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnston","given":"Aaron N.","email":"ajohnston@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":800236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Phillips, Susan L. 0000-0002-5891-8485 sue_phillips@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5891-8485","contributorId":717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Susan","email":"sue_phillips@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":800237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hanser, Steven E. 0000-0002-4430-2073 shanser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4430-2073","contributorId":3020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanser","given":"Steven E.","email":"shanser@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":800238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bowen, Zachary H. 0000-0002-8656-1831 bowenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-1831","contributorId":821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Zachary","email":"bowenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70214612,"text":"70214612 - 2020 - Pesticide  mixtures show potential toxicity to aquatic life in U.S. streams, water years 2013-2017","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-27T17:11:21.101486","indexId":"70214612","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-30T12:47:20","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pesticide  mixtures show potential toxicity to aquatic life in U.S. streams, water years 2013-2017","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0060\">During water years (WY) 2013–2017, the U.S. Geological Survey, National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Project, sampled the National Water Quality Network – Rivers and Streams (NWQN) year-round and reported on 221 pesticides at 72 sites across the United States in agricultural, developed, and mixed land use watersheds. The Pesticide Toxicity Index (PTI) was used to estimate the potential chronic and acute toxicity to three taxonomic groups – fish, cladocerans, and benthic invertebrates. For invertebrates (either cladocerans, benthic invertebrates, or both), the maximum PTI score exceeded the predicted acute toxicity screening level at 18 of the 72 sites (25%) at some point during WY 2013–2017. The predicted toxicity of a single pesticide compound was found to overwhelm the toxicity of other pesticides in the mixtures after concentrations were toxicity weighted. For this study, about 71%, 72%, and 92% of the Fish-, Cladoceran-, and Benthic Invertebrate-PTI scores, respectively, had one pesticide compound primarily contributing to sample potential toxicity (&gt;50%).</p><p id=\"sp0065\">There were 17 (13 insecticides, 2 herbicides, 1 fungicide, and 1 synergist) of the 221 pesticide compounds analyzed that were the primary drivers of potential toxicity in each water sample in which the PTI and TUmax (toxic unit score for the pesticide that makes the single largest contribution to the PTI) scores were above predicted chronic (&gt;0.1) or acute (&gt;1) toxicity levels for one of the three taxa. For cladocerans and benthic invertebrates, the drivers of predicted chronic (&gt;0.1) and acute (&gt;1) PTIs were mostly insecticides. For cladocerans, the pesticide compounds driving the PTI scores were bifenthrin, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dichlorvos, dicrotophos, diflubenzuron, flubendiamide, and tebupirimfos. For benthic invertebrates, atrazine (an herbicide), as well as the insecticides – bifenthrin, carbaryl, carbofuran, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dichlorvos, fipronil, imidacloprid, and methamidophos – were the drivers of predicted toxicity. For fish, there were three pesticide types that contributed the most to predicted chronic (&gt;0.1) PTIs – acetochlor, an herbicide; carbendazim, a fungicide degradate; and piperonylbutoxide, a synergist.</p>","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141285","usgsCitation":"Covert, S.A., Shoda, M.E., Stackpoole, S.M., and Stone, W.W., 2020, Pesticide  mixtures show potential toxicity to aquatic life in U.S. streams, water years 2013-2017: Science of the Total Environment, v. 745, 141285, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141285.","productDescription":"141285, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117042","costCenters":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455178,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141285","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436772,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9T86C5U","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Pesticide Toxicity Index (PTI) and maximum Toxic Unit (TUmax) scores and information for fish, cladocerans, and benthic invertebrates from water samples collected at National Water Quality Network sites during Water Years 2013-2017"},{"id":378920,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              [\n                -94.81758,\n                49.38905\n              ],\n              [\n                -94.64,\n                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,{"id":70215026,"text":"70215026 - 2020 - Pressure coring operations during The University of Texas-Gulf of Mexico 2-1 (UT-GOM2-1) Hydrate Pressure Coring Expedition in Green Canyon Block 955, northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T20:08:45.472394","indexId":"70215026","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-30T10:53:36","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":605,"text":"AAPG Bulletin","printIssn":"0149-1423","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pressure coring operations during The University of Texas-Gulf of Mexico 2-1 (UT-GOM2-1) Hydrate Pressure Coring Expedition in Green Canyon Block 955, northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"<p><span>In May 2017, The University of Texas Hydrate Pressure Coring Expedition Gulf of Mexico 2-1 (UT-GOM2-1) drilled two adjacent holes in Green Canyon Block 955 in the deep-water Gulf of Mexico as part of The University of Texas at Austin and US Department of Energy Deepwater Methane Hydrate Characterization and Scientific Assessment. Expedition operations included testing two configurations of a rotary pressure-coring tool in a gas hydrate–bearing formation. In the first hole, an extended core barrel (cutting shoe) configuration of the Pressure Coring Tool with Ball Valve (PCTB-CS) was deployed, and in the second hole, the PCTB face bit configuration (PCTB-FB) was deployed. The PCTB-CS successfully recovered and maintained pressure for only one core out of eight deployments. A series of incremental modifications were made during and after the PCTB-CS deployment period that impacted the operations of the subsequent PCTB-FB deployments. Thus, in the second hole, the PCTB-FB successfully recovered and maintained pressure within the hydrate stability zone for 11 cores out of 13 deployments. The PCTB cored gas hydrate–bearing sandy silt interbedded with non–hydrate-bearing clayey silt within the main reservoir. The PCTB also recovered long intervals of unbroken, high-quality core with preserved sedimentary structures. We recovered one pressure core 130 m (437 ft) above the main hydrate reservoir in the silty clay. Pressure coring is the only available technology for recovering intact cores from sediment that is normally disturbed by gas expansion, dissolution, or dissociation; this allows a wide range of scientific measurements to be obtained with minimal disturbance to the core sediment fabric. Analysis of pressure cores has the potential to illuminate the in situ properties, gas saturation, and gas composition of a wide range of reservoirs including unconventional shale systems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/02262019036","usgsCitation":"Thomas, C., Phillips, S.C., Flemings, P., Santra, M., Hammon, H., Collett, T., Cook, A., Pettigrew, T., Mimitz, M., Holland, M., and Schultheiss, P., 2020, Pressure coring operations during The University of Texas-Gulf of Mexico 2-1 (UT-GOM2-1) Hydrate Pressure Coring Expedition in Green Canyon Block 955, northern Gulf of Mexico: AAPG Bulletin, v. 104, no. 9, p. 1877-1901, https://doi.org/10.1306/02262019036.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1877","endPage":"1901","ipdsId":"IP-106754","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science 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,{"id":70227669,"text":"70227669 - 2020 - Assessing the efficacy of protected and multiple-use lands for bird conservation in the U.S.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-26T15:41:46.426505","indexId":"70227669","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-30T09:36:38","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the efficacy of protected and multiple-use lands for bird conservation in the U.S.","docAbstract":"<p><span>Setting land aside has long been a primary approach for protecting biodiversity; however, the efficacy of this approach has been questioned. We examined whether protecting lands positively influences bird species in the U.S., and thus overall biodiversity. We used the North American Breeding Bird Survey and Protected Areas Database of the U.S. to assess effects of protected and multiple-use lands on the prevalence and long-term population trends of imperiled and non-imperiled bird species. We evaluated whether both presence and proportional area of protected and multiple-use lands surrounding survey routes affected prevalence and population trends for imperiled and non-imperiled species. Regarding presence of these lands surrounding these survey routes, our results suggest that imperiled and non-imperiled species are using the combination of protected and multiple-use lands more than undesignated lands. We found no difference between protected and multiple-use lands. Mean population trends were negative for imperiled species in all land categories and did not differ between the land categories. Regarding proportion of protected lands surrounding the survey routes, we found that neither the prevalence nor population trends of imperiled or non-imperiled species was positively associated with any land category. We conclude that, although many species (in both groups) tend to be using these protected and multiple-use lands more frequently than undesignated lands, this protection does not appear to improve population trends. Our results may be influenced by external pressures (e.g., habitat fragmentation), the size of protected lands, the high mobility of birds that allows them to use a combination of all land categories, and management strategies that result in similar habitat between protected and multiple-use lands, or our approach to detect limited relationships. Overall, our results suggest that the combination of protected and multiple-use lands is insufficient, alone, to prevent declines in avian biodiversity at a national scale.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0239184","usgsCitation":"Dornak, L.L., Aycrigg, J., Sauer, J.R., and Conway, C.J., 2020, Assessing the efficacy of protected and multiple-use lands for bird conservation in the U.S.: PLoS ONE, v. 15, no. 9, e0239184, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239184.","productDescription":"e0239184, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-056234","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239184","text":"Publisher Index 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,{"id":70263603,"text":"70263603 - 2020 - Nodal seismograph recordings of the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-18T15:40:58.148666","indexId":"70263603","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nodal seismograph recordings of the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence","docAbstract":"<p>The 2019 Ridgecrest, California earthquake sequence included <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> 6.4 and Mw 7.1 earthquakes that occurred on successive days beginning on 4 July 2019. These two largest earthquakes of the sequence occurred on orthogonal faults that ruptured the Earth’s surface. To better evaluate the 3D subsurface fault structure, (<i>P</i>- and <i>S</i>-wave) velocity, 3D and temporal variations in seismicity, and other important aspects of the earthquake sequence, we recorded aftershocks and ambient noise using up to 461 three-component nodal seismographs for about two months, beginning about one day after the <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> 7.1 mainshock. The ~ 30,000 <i>M</i><sub>w</sub>≥1 earthquakes that were recorded on the dense arrays provide an unusually large volume of data with which to evaluate the earthquake sequence. This report describes the recording arrays and is intended to provide metadata for researchers interested in evaluating various aspects of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence using the nodal data set.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220200203","usgsCitation":"Catchings, R.D., Goldman, M., Steidl, J.H., Chan, J., Allam, A., Criley, C., Ma, Z., Langermann, D., Huddleston, G., McEvilly, A., Mongovin, D., and Ben-Zion, Y., 2020, Nodal seismograph recordings of the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence: Seismological Research Letters, v. 91, no. 6, p. 3622-3633, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220200203.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"3622","endPage":"3633","ipdsId":"IP-116990","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482160,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70214617,"text":"70214617 - 2020 - Shifting food web structure during dam removal—Disturbance and recovery during a major restoration action","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-01T17:55:07.21694","indexId":"70214617","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-29T12:46:56","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shifting food web structure during dam removal—Disturbance and recovery during a major restoration action","docAbstract":"<p><span>We measured food availability and diet composition of juvenile salmonids over multiple years and seasons before and during the world’s largest dam removal on the Elwha River, Washington State. We conducted these measurements over three sediment-impacted sections (the estuary and two sections of the river downstream of each dam) and compared these to data collected from mainstem tributaries not directly affected by the massive amount of sediment released from the reservoirs. We found that sediment impacts from dam removal significantly reduced invertebrate prey availability, but juvenile salmon adjusted their foraging so that the amount of energy in diets was similar before and during dam removal. This general pattern was seen in both river and estuary habitats, although the mechanisms driving the change and the response differed between habitats. In the estuary, the dietary shifts were related to changes in invertebrate assemblages following a hydrological transition from brackish to freshwater caused by sediment deposition at the river’s mouth. The loss of brackish invertebrate species caused fish to increase piscivory and rely on new prey sources such as plankton. In the river, energy provided to fish by Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera taxa before dam removal was replaced first by terrestrial invertebrates, and then by sediment-tolerant taxa such as Chironomidae. The results of our study are consistent with many others that have shown sharp declines in invertebrate density during dam removal. Our study further shows how those changes can move through the food web and affect fish diet composition, selectivity, and energy availability. As we move further along the dam removal response trajectory, we hypothesize that food web complexity will continue to increase as annual sediment load now approaches natural background levels, anadromous fish have recolonized the majority of the watershed between and above the former dams, and revegetation and microhabitats continue to develop in the estuary.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0239198","usgsCitation":"Morley, S.A., Foley, M.M., Duda, J.J., Beirne, M.M., Paradis, R.L., Johnson, R.C., McHenry, M.L., Elofson, M., Sampson, E.M., McCoy, R.E., Stapleton, J., and Pess, G.R., 2020, Shifting food web structure during dam removal—Disturbance and recovery during a major restoration action: PLoS ONE, v. 15, no. 9, e0239198, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239198.","productDescription":"e0239198, 34 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117389","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research 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E","contributorId":241971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCoy","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":47700,"text":"Natural Resources Department, Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe, Port Angeles, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Stapleton, Justin","contributorId":241974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stapleton","given":"Justin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47700,"text":"Natural Resources Department, Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe, Port Angeles, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Pess, George R.","contributorId":13501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pess","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6578,"text":"National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70218208,"text":"70218208 - 2020 - Comparing simulations of umbrella-cloud growth and ash transport with observations from Pinatubo, Kelud, and Calbuco volcanoes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-19T20:33:29.170078","indexId":"70218208","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-27T14:28:03","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5634,"text":"Atmosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing simulations of umbrella-cloud growth and ash transport with observations from Pinatubo, Kelud, and Calbuco volcanoes","docAbstract":"<p><span>The largest explosive volcanic eruptions produce umbrella clouds that drive ash radially outward, enlarging the area that impacts aviation and ground-based communities. Models must consider the effects of umbrella spreading when forecasting hazards from these eruptions. In this paper we test a version of the advection–dispersion model Ash3d that considers umbrella spreading by comparing its simulations with observations from three well-documented umbrella-forming eruptions: (1) the 15 June 1991 eruption of Pinatubo (Philippines); (2) the 13 February 2014 eruption of Kelud (Indonesia); and (3) phase 2 of the 22–23 April 2015 eruption of Calbuco (Chile). In volume, these eruptions ranged from several cubic kilometers dense-rock equivalent (DRE) for Pinatubo to about one tenth for Calbuco. In mass eruption rate (MER), they ranged from 10</span><sup>8</sup><span>–10</span><sup>9</sup><span>&nbsp;kg s</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;at Pinatubo to 9–16 × 10</span><sup>6</sup><span>&nbsp;kg s</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;at Calbuco. For each case we ran simulations that considered umbrella growth and ones that did not. All umbrella-cloud simulations produced a cloud whose area was within ~25% of the observed cloud by the end of the eruption. By the eruption end, the simulated areas of the Pinatubo, Kelud, and Calbuco clouds were 851, 53.2, and 100 × 10</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;respectively. These areas were 2.2, 2.2, and 1.5 times the areas calculated in simulations that ignored umbrella growth. For Pinatubo and Kelud, the umbrella simulations provided better agreement with the observed cloud area than the non-umbrella simulations. Each of these simulations extended 24 h from the eruption start. After the eruption ended, the difference in cloud area (umbrella minus non-umbrella) at Pinatubo persisted for many hours; at Kelud it diminished and became negative after 14 h and at Calbuco it became negative after ~23 h. The negative differences were inferred to result from the fact that non-umbrella simulations distributed ash over a wider vertical extent in the plume, and that wind shear spread the cloud out in multiple directions. Thus, for some smaller eruptions, wind shear can produce a larger cloud than might be produced by umbrella spreading alone.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/atmos11101038","usgsCitation":"Mastin, L.G., and Van Eaton, A.R., 2020, Comparing simulations of umbrella-cloud growth and ash transport with observations from Pinatubo, Kelud, and Calbuco volcanoes: Atmosphere, v. 11, no. 10, 1038, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11101038.","productDescription":"1038, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-121394","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455211,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11101038","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NPYCRH","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Observations and model simulations of umbrella-cloud growth during eruptions of Mount Pinatubo (Philippines, June 15, 1991), Kelud Volcano (Indonesia, February 14, 2014), and Calbuco Volcano (Chile, April 22-23, 2015)"},{"id":383397,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile, Indonesia, Philippines","otherGeospatial":"Calbuco volcano, Kelud volcano, Pinatubo volcano","volume":"11","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mastin, Larry G. 0000-0002-4795-1992 lgmastin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-1992","contributorId":555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"Larry","email":"lgmastin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Eaton, Alexa R. 0000-0001-6646-4594 avaneaton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6646-4594","contributorId":184079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Eaton","given":"Alexa","email":"avaneaton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70228535,"text":"70228535 - 2020 - Wildlife resistance and protection in a changing New England landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-14T22:00:41.849543","indexId":"70228535","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-24T15:45:50","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wildlife resistance and protection in a changing New England landscape","docAbstract":"Rapid changes in climate and land use threaten the persistence of wildlife species. Understanding where species are likely to occur now and in the future can help identify areas that are resistant to change over time and guide conservation planning. We estimated changes in species distribution patterns and spatial resistance in five future scenarios for the New England region of the northeastern United States. We present scenario-specific distribution change maps for nine harvested wildlife species, identifying regions of increasing, decreasing, or stable habitat suitability within each scenario.  Next, we isolated areas of greatest resistance across all future scenarios. Resistance was also evaluated relative to current land protection to identify patterns in and out of Protected Areas (PAs). Generally, species distributions declined in area over the 50-year assessment period (2010-2060), with the greatest declines occurring for moose (62.4%) and wild turkey (24.2%). Species resistance varied considerably across the region with coyote demonstrating the highest regional resistance (91.81% of the region) and moose demonstrating the lowest (0.76 % of the region). At the state level, average focal species resistance was highest in Maine and lowest in Massachusetts. Many of the focal species showed high overlap in resistance and land protection. Coyote, white-tailed deer, and black bear had the highest representation of resistance within PAs, while moose and wild turkey had the largest proportions of regional resistance occurring within PAs. Overall, relatively small portions of New England – ranging between 0.25% and 21.12% – were both protected and resistant for the focal species. Our results provide estimates of resistance that can inform conservation planning for commonly harvested species that are important ecologically, economically, and culturally to the region.  Expanding protected area coverage to include resistant areas may provide longer term benefits to these species.   ","language":"English","publisher":"Plos","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0239525","usgsCitation":"Pearman-Gillman, S., Duveneck, M.J., Murdoch, J.D., and Donovan, T.M., 2020, Wildlife resistance and protection in a changing New England landscape: PLoS ONE, v. 15, no. 9, e0239525, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239525.","productDescription":"e0239525, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117952","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455229,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239525","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395952,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, 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 \"}}]}","volume":"15","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearman-Gillman, Schuyler B.","contributorId":276072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearman-Gillman","given":"Schuyler B.","affiliations":[{"id":13253,"text":"University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duveneck, Matthew J.","contributorId":276073,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duveneck","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16811,"text":"Harvard University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Murdoch, James D.","contributorId":276074,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murdoch","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13253,"text":"University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Donovan, Therese M. 0000-0001-8124-9251 tdonovan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8124-9251","contributorId":204296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donovan","given":"Therese","email":"tdonovan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70216421,"text":"70216421 - 2020 - Investigation of the 2018 thick-billed murre (Uria lomvia) die-off on St. Lawrence Island rules out food shortage as the cause","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T21:49:24.268152","indexId":"70216421","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-24T07:57:56","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5536,"text":"Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Investigation of the 2018 thick-billed murre (Uria lomvia) die-off on St. Lawrence Island rules out food shortage as the cause","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"abs0010\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"abssec0010\"><p id=\"abspara0010\">Die-offs of seabirds in Alaska have occurred with increased frequency since 2015. In 2018, on St. Lawrence Island, seabirds were reported washing up dead on beaches starting in late May, peaking in June, and continuing until early August. The cause of death was documented to be starvation, leading to the conclusion that a severe food shortage was to blame. We use physiology and colony-based observations to examine whether food shortage is a sufficient explanation for the die-off, or if evidence indicates an alternative cause of starvation such as disease. Specifically, we address what species were most affected, the timing of possible food shortages, and food shortage severity in a historical context. We found that thick-billed murres (<i>Uria lomvia</i>) were most affected by the die-off, making up 61% of all bird carcasses encountered during beach surveys. Thick-billed murre carcasses were proportionately more numerous (26:1) than would be expected based on ratios of thick-billed murres to co-occurring common murres (<i>U. aalge</i>) observed on breeding study plots (7:1). Concentrations of the stress hormone corticosterone, a reliable physiological indicator of nutritional stress, in thick-billed murre feathers grown in the fall indicate that foraging conditions in the northern Bering Sea were poor in the fall of 2017 and comparable in severity to those experienced by murres during the 1976–1977 Bering Sea regime shift. Concentrations of corticosterone in feathers grown during the pre-breeding molt indicate that foraging conditions in late winter 2018 were similar to previous years. The 2018 murre egg harvest in the village of Savoonga (on St. Lawrence Is.) was one-fifth the 1993–2012 average, and residents observed that fewer birds laid eggs in 2018. Exposure of thick-billed murres to nutritional stress in August, however, was no different in 2018 compared to 2016, 2017, and 2019, and was comparable to levels observed on St. George Island in 2003–2017. Prey abundance, measured by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in bottom-trawl surveys, was also similar in 2018 to 2017 and 2019, supporting the evidence that food was not scarce in the summer of 2018 in the vicinity of St. Lawrence Island. Of two moribund thick-billed murres collected at the end of the mortality event, one tested positive for a novel re-assortment H10 strain of avian influenza with Eurasian components, likely contracted during the non-breeding season. It is not currently known how widely spread infection of murres with the novel virus was, thus insufficient evidence exists to attribute the die-off to an outbreak of avian influenza. We conclude that food shortage alone is not an adequate explanation for the mortality of thick-billed murres in 2018, and highlight the importance of rapid response to mortality events in order to document alternative or confounding causes of mortality.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2020.104879","usgsCitation":"Will, A., Thiebot, J., Ip, S., Shoogukwruk, P., Annogiyuk, M., Takahashi, A., Shearn-Bochsler, V.I., Killian, M., Torchetti, M.K., and Kitaysky, A., 2020, Investigation of the 2018 thick-billed murre (Uria lomvia) die-off on St. Lawrence Island rules out food shortage as the cause: Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 181-182, 104879, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2020.104879.","productDescription":"104879, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-115465","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455235,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7949294","text":"External Repository"},{"id":380568,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"St. Lawrence Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -171.990966796875,\n              63.479957459231464\n            ],\n            [\n              -171.7822265625,\n              63.08481377701739\n            ],\n            [\n              -169.60693359375,\n              62.865168668923125\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.48632812499997,\n              63.08481377701739\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.695068359375,\n     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Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":804977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ip, S. 0000-0003-4844-7533 hip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"S.","email":"hip@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shoogukwruk, Panguk","contributorId":244984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shoogukwruk","given":"Panguk","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Annogiyuk, Morgan","contributorId":244985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Annogiyuk","given":"Morgan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Takahashi, Akinori 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Veterinary Services Laboratories, Veterinary Services, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa, USAa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Torchetti, Mia Kim","contributorId":190856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Torchetti","given":"Mia","email":"","middleInitial":"Kim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kitaysky, Alexander","contributorId":221846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kitaysky","given":"Alexander","affiliations":[{"id":36971,"text":"University of Alaska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70217201,"text":"70217201 - 2020 - Phytoremediation of slightly brackish, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon‐contaminated groundwater from 250 ft below land surface: A pilot‐scale study using salt‐tolerant, endophyte‐enhanced hybrid poplar trees at a Superfund site in the Central Valley of California, April‒November 2019","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-12T13:29:36.585387","indexId":"70217201","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-22T07:26:08","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3249,"text":"Remediation Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phytoremediation of slightly brackish, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon‐contaminated groundwater from 250 ft below land surface: A pilot‐scale study using salt‐tolerant, endophyte‐enhanced hybrid poplar trees at a Superfund site in the Central Valley of California, April‒November 2019","docAbstract":"<p>Slightly brackish groundwater contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at a Superfund site in the Central Valley of California was pumped from 250 feet below land surface to a water storage tank using solar power and then gravity‐fed into 18, 330‐gallon intermediate bulk containers (totes) as follows:</p><p><br></p><ul class=\"rlist hanging\"><li><span class=\"number\">(1)</span><p>Five totes contained planting medium with three salt‐tolerant hybrid poplar trees per tote (<i>n</i> = 15);</p></li><li><span class=\"number\">(2)</span><p>Seven totes contained planting medium with three salt‐tolerant hybrid poplar trees per tote and inoculated with the naturally occurring, PAH‐degrading endophyte<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Pseudomonas putida</i><span>&nbsp;</span>PD1 (<i>n</i> = 21);</p></li><li><span class=\"number\">(3)</span><p>Three totes contained planting medium only (<i>n</i> = 0);</p></li><li><span class=\"number\">(4)</span><p>One tote contained groundwater with three PD1‐inoculated trees (<i>n</i> = 3) and one tote contained groundwater with three regular trees (<i>n</i> = 3); and</p></li><li><span class=\"number\">(5)</span><p>One tote contained groundwater only (<i>n</i> = 0).</p></li></ul><p><br></p><p>All trees grew well during the 7‐month growing season in spite of the area's hot, dry air temperature, little precipitation, tote‐influent chloride concentrations of 290 mg/L, and tote‐influent naphthalene concentrations that ranged from 650 to 5100 mg/L. PD1‐inoculated trees initially had 56% larger tree area (tree height × tree width) than regular trees and up to 69% larger tree area by the end of the growing season, indicating some conferred phytoprotection to the PAH contamination. All trees had similar trunk caliper (diameter) and leaf chlorophyll content by the end of the growing season. Total naphthalene removal ranged from 88% to 100% across all totes. The lowest naphthalene removal of 88% was observed in a tote that contained only planting medium and indicates substantial adsorption of naphthalene onto the high organic content of the planting medium. Contaminant removal due to uptake by the hybrid poplar trees was confirmed by the detection of naphthalene in in vivo passive samplers placed in tree trunks. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, total xylenes, 2‐methylnaphthalene, 1,2,4‐trimethylbenzene, and isopropylbenzene were also detected. These results from the pilot‐scale study indicate that a full‐scale application of using salt‐tolerant hybrid poplar trees at this site could effectively decrease naphthalene concentrations in groundwater pumped from the deep aquifer. These initial results provide hope for similar application at other contaminated sites characterized by groundwater at considerable depths, especially at Superfund sites where costly pump‐and‐treat systems have been used long term to treat low levels of groundwater contamination.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rem.21664","usgsCitation":"Landmeyer, J.E., Rock, S., Freeman, J., Nagle, G., Samolis, M., Levine, H., Cook, A., and O’Neill, H., 2020, Phytoremediation of slightly brackish, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon‐contaminated groundwater from 250 ft below land surface: A pilot‐scale study using salt‐tolerant, endophyte‐enhanced hybrid poplar trees at a Superfund site in the Central Valley of California, April‒November 2019: Remediation Journal, v. 31, no. 1, p. 73-89, https://doi.org/10.1002/rem.21664.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"89","ipdsId":"IP-118071","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science 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These costly ecological impacts cascade to human communities, and understanding this changing drought landscape is one of today’s grand challenges. By using a modified horizon-scanning approach that integrated scientists, managers, and decision-makers, we identified the emerging issues in ecological drought that represent key challenges to timely and effective responses. Here we review the themes that most urgently need attention, including novel drought conditions, the potential for transformational drought impacts, and the need for anticipatory drought management. This horizon scan and review provides a roadmap to facilitate the research and management innovations that will support forward-looking, co-developed approaches to reduce the risk of drought to our socio-ecological systems during the 21</span><sup>st</sup><span>&nbsp;century.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.oneear.2020.08.019","usgsCitation":"Crausbay, S.D., Betancourt, J.L., Bradford, J., Cartwright, J.M., Dennison, W., Dunham, J.B., Enquist, C.A., Frazier, A.G., Hall, K.R., Littell, J., Luce, C.H., Palmer, R., Ramirez, A.R., Rangwala, I., Thompson, L., Walsh, B.M., and Carter, S., 2020, Unfamiliar territory: Emerging themes for ecological drought research and management: One Earth, v. 3, no. 3, p. 337-353, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.08.019.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"337","endPage":"353","ipdsId":"IP-110891","costCenters":[{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science 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Jason B. 0000-0002-6268-0633 jdunham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":147808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason","email":"jdunham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Enquist, Carolyn Armstrong 0000-0001-6677-7064","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6677-7064","contributorId":244370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enquist","given":"Carolyn","email":"","middleInitial":"Armstrong","affiliations":[{"id":41166,"text":"Southwest Climate Adaptation Science 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Luce, Charlie H.","contributorId":173471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luce","given":"Charlie","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6684,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Aiken, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Palmer, Richard","contributorId":202903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palmer","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Ramirez, Aaron R.","contributorId":149780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramirez","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":17824,"text":"UC Berkeley, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Rangwala, Imtiaz 0000-0002-4313-9374","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-9374","contributorId":148973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rangwala","given":"Imtiaz","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34534,"text":"Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":813895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Thompson, Laura 0000-0002-7884-6001","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7884-6001","contributorId":212190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Walsh, Brianne 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,{"id":70216424,"text":"70216424 - 2020 - Improving the accessibility and transferability of machine learning algorithms for identification of animals in camera trap images: MLWIC2","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-17T13:53:10.508922","indexId":"70216424","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-16T07:46:44","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving the accessibility and transferability of machine learning algorithms for identification of animals in camera trap images: MLWIC2","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Motion‐activated wildlife cameras (or “camera traps”) are frequently used to remotely and noninvasively observe animals. The vast number of images collected from camera trap projects has prompted some biologists to employ machine learning algorithms to automatically recognize species in these images, or at least filter‐out images that do not contain animals. These approaches are often limited by model transferability, as a model trained to recognize species from one location might not work as well for the same species in different locations. Furthermore, these methods often require advanced computational skills, making them inaccessible to many biologists. We used 3&nbsp;million camera trap images from 18 studies in 10 states across the United States of America to train two deep neural networks, one that recognizes 58 species, the “species model,” and one that determines if an image is empty or if it contains an animal, the “empty‐animal model.” Our species model and empty‐animal model had accuracies of 96.8% and 97.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the models performed well on some out‐of‐sample datasets, as the species model had 91% accuracy on species from Canada (accuracy range 36%–91% across all out‐of‐sample datasets) and the empty‐animal model achieved an accuracy of 91%–94% on out‐of‐sample datasets from different continents. Our software addresses some of the limitations of using machine learning to classify images from camera traps. By including many species from several locations, our species model is potentially applicable to many camera trap studies in North America. We also found that our empty‐animal model can facilitate removal of images without animals globally. We provide the trained models in an R package (MLWIC2: Machine Learning for Wildlife Image Classification in R), which contains Shiny Applications that allow scientists with minimal programming experience to use trained models and train new models in six neural network architectures with varying depths.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.6692","usgsCitation":"Tabak, M.A., Norouzzadeh, M.S., Wolfson, D., Newton, E.J., Boughton, R.K., Ivan, J., Odell, E., Newkirk, E.S., Conrey, R.Y., Stenglein, J., Iannarilli, F., Erb, J., Brook, R.K., Davis, A.J., Lewis, J., Walsh, D.P., Beasley, J.C., Vercauteren, K.C., Clune, J., and Miller, R.S., 2020, Improving the accessibility and transferability of machine learning algorithms for identification of animals in camera trap images: MLWIC2: Ecology and Evolution, v. 10, no. 19, p. 10374-10383, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6692.","productDescription":"10 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,{"id":70215761,"text":"70215761 - 2020 - Habitat use by tiger prey in Thailand’s Western Forest Complex: What will it take to fill a half-full tiger landscape?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-29T12:56:30.154835","indexId":"70215761","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-10T07:53:25","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2142,"text":"Journal for Nature Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat use by tiger prey in Thailand’s Western Forest Complex: What will it take to fill a half-full tiger landscape?","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"abs0005\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"abst0005\"><p id=\"spar0045\">Tiger populations are declining globally, and depletion of major ungulate prey is an important contributing factor. To better understand factors affecting prey distribution in Thailand’s Western Forest Complex (WEFCOM), we conducted sign surveys for gaur<span>&nbsp;</span><i>(Bos gaurus</i>), banteng (<i>Bos javanicus</i>), and sambar (<i>Rusa unicolor</i>) along 3517 1-km transects and used occupancy models to identify important covariates associated with habitat use by each species. Habitat use by both gaur and sambar was lowest in areas closest to human settlements, although sambar preferred lower slopes near streams whereas gaur preferred steeper slopes at higher elevations. Banteng were found in only one of 17 protected areas (Huai Kha Khaeng [HKK] Wildlife Sanctuary), where they used low elevations and low slopes. We used these modeled relationships to predict occurrence of gaur, sambar, and banteng across each square km of the 19,000 km<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>WEFCOM landscape, using &gt; 60 % occupancy probability to define suitable habitat use for each species. Based on this criterion, gaur and sambar occupied 28 and 50 % of suitable habitat in WEFCOM, and banteng occupied 57 % of suitable habitat in HKK. We used our models to assess the effectiveness of two hypothetical conservation initiatives. First, we modeled the impact of decreasing human activities around nine villages in the core of WEFCOM, which increased predicted suitable habitat in WEFCOM to 68 and 75 % for guar and sambar. We also modeled the extent of potential banteng habitat that still remains in the other 16 protected areas. This could result in a 4-fold increase in banteng suitable habitat in WEFCOM. This is the first study to use occupancy surveys to determine where large prey species can be restored to support management to increase the distribution of tigers, and potentially fill a half-full tiger landscape.</p></div></div></div><ul id=\"issue-navigation\" class=\"issue-navigation u-margin-s-bottom u-bg-grey1\"></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2020.125896","usgsCitation":"Jornburom, P., Duangchantrasiri, S., Jinamoy, S., Pattanavibool, A., Hines, J.E., Arnold, T.W., Fieberg, J., and Smith, J.L., 2020, Habitat use by tiger prey in Thailand’s Western Forest Complex: What will it take to fill a half-full tiger landscape?: Journal for Nature Conservation, v. 58, 125896, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2020.125896.","productDescription":"125896, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117662","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455358,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2020.125896","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379906,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Thailand","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              97.88818359375,\n              13.645986814875332\n            ],\n            [\n              100.12939453125,\n              13.645986814875332\n            ],\n            [\n              100.12939453125,\n              16.678293098288513\n            ],\n            [\n              97.88818359375,\n              16.678293098288513\n            ],\n            [\n              97.88818359375,\n              13.645986814875332\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"58","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jornburom, Pornkamol","contributorId":217488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jornburom","given":"Pornkamol","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39650,"text":"Univ. of MN, WCS Thailand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duangchantrasiri, Somphot","contributorId":244117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duangchantrasiri","given":"Somphot","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48844,"text":"Wildlife Conservation Society Thailand Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jinamoy, Sitthichai","contributorId":217489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jinamoy","given":"Sitthichai","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39651,"text":"WCS, Thailand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pattanavibool, Anak","contributorId":244118,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pattanavibool","given":"Anak","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48844,"text":"Wildlife Conservation Society Thailand Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hines, James E. 0000-0001-5478-7230 jhines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":146530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Arnold, Todd W.","contributorId":36058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnold","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12644,"text":"University of Minnesota, St. Paul","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fieberg, John","contributorId":44804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fieberg","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":7201,"text":"University of Minnesota-St. Paul","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Smith, James L D","contributorId":217491,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L D","affiliations":[{"id":39652,"text":"Univ. of MN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70227924,"text":"70227924 - 2020 - Concealment of juvenile bull trout in response to temperature, light, and substrate: Implications for detection","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-02T20:56:32.662954","indexId":"70227924","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-04T14:47:18","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Concealment of juvenile bull trout in response to temperature, light, and substrate: Implications for detection","docAbstract":"<p><span>Bull trout (</span><i>Salvelinus confluentus)</i><span>&nbsp;are challenging to detect as a result of the species cryptic behavior and coloration, relatively low densities in complex habitats, and affinity for cold, high clarity, low conductivity waters. Bull trout are also closely associated with the stream bed, frequently conceal in substrate, and this concealment behavior is poorly understood. Consequently, population assessments are problematic and biologists and managers often lack quantitative information to accurately describe bull trout distributions, estimate abundance, and assess status and trends; particularly for stream-dwelling populations. During controlled laboratory trials, we recorded concealment, resting, and swimming behavior of juvenile wild bull trout in response to: (1) constant and fluctuating water temperature, (2) presence or absence of light, and (3) substrate size. Light level had the strongest influence on wild fish concealment and more fish concealed as light levels increased from darkness to daylight. Wild fish were 14.5 times less likely to conceal in constant darkness and 4.1 times more likely to conceal in 12 h light x 12 h darkness compared to constant light. Wild fish were 6.2 times less likely to conceal in small (26–51 mm) substrate compared to larger (52–102 mm) substrate. As water temperature increased, fewer wild fish concealed. Knowledge of wild bull trout concealment will improve field sampling protocols and increase detection efficiencies. These data also enhance knowledge of bull trout niche requirements which illuminates ecological differences among species and informs conservation and restoration efforts.</span></p>","language":"English","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0237716","usgsCitation":"Russell F. Thurow, Peterson, J., Chandler, G.L., Moffitt, C.M., and Bjornn, T.C., 2020, Concealment of juvenile bull trout in response to temperature, light, and substrate: Implications for detection: PLoS ONE, v. 15, no. 9, e0237716, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237716.","productDescription":"e0237716, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-099310","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":455408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237716","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395306,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Russell F. Thurow","contributorId":273112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Russell F. Thurow","affiliations":[{"id":56194,"text":"fs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chandler, Gwynne L.","contributorId":273115,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chandler","given":"Gwynne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":56194,"text":"fs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moffitt, Christine M.","contributorId":273113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moffitt","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":39599,"text":"ui","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bjornn, Theodore C.","contributorId":273114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bjornn","given":"Theodore","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":39599,"text":"ui","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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