During a preliminary mineral resource assessment of Afghanistan (Peters and others, 2007), 24 mineralized areas of interest (AOIs) were highlighted as the focus for future economic development throughout various parts of the country. In addition to located mineral resources of value, development of a viable mining industry in Afghanistan will require the location of suitable groundwater resources for drinking, processing of mineral ores for use or for export, and for agriculture and food production in areas surrounding and supporting future mining enterprises. This report and accompanying GIS datasets describe the results of both automated and manual mapping of lineaments throughout the 24 mineral occurrence AOIs described in detail by Peters and others (2007; 2011). For this study, we define lineaments as \"mappable linear or curvilinear features of a surface whose parts align in a straight or slightly curving relationship that may be the expression of a fault or other linear zones of weakness\" as derived from remote sensing sources such as optical imagery, radar imagery or digital elevation models (DEMs) (Sabins, 2007).
\nWater wells in bedrock aquifers are generally more productive where boreholes intersect fractures or fracture zones. Lineament identification and analysis have long been used as a reconnaissance tool to identify such favorable conditions for groundwater resources in carbonate bedrock environments (Lattman and Parizek, 1964; Siddiqui and Parizek, 1971). More recently, lineament analysis has been used to identify areas of greater well yields in other bedrock settings, such as crystalline bedrock (Mabee and other, 1994; Moore and others, 2002). Lineaments provide an indication of bedrock areas that warrant further investigation for optimal water well placement. They may also indicate areas of preferential flow and storage of groundwater, and, thus, areas with a greater density of lineaments may indicate greater secondary porosity. Lineaments may indicate structurally trending mineralized areas (for example, Mars and Rowan, 2007), or locations of near-surface water resources, especially when surface vegetation growth coincides with lineaments.
\nThe purpose of this report and accompanying GIS data is to provide lineament maps that give one indication of areas that warrant further investigation for optimal bedrock water-well placement within 24 target areas for mineral resources (Peters and others, 2011). These data may also support the identification of faults related to modern seismic hazards (for example, Wheeler and others, 2005; Ruleman and others, 2007), as well as support studies attempting to understand the relationship between tectonic and structural controls on hydrothermal fluid flow, subsequent mineralization, and water-quality issues near mined and unmined mineral deposits (for example, Eppinger and others, 2007).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121048","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Afghanistan Geological Survey, Ministry of Mines under the auspices of the Task Force for Business and Stability Operations, Department of Defense","usgsCitation":"Hubbard, B.E., Mack, T.J., and Thompson, A.L., 2012, Lineament analysis of mineral areas of interest in Afghanistan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1048, iv, 15 p.; Appendix; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121048.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p.; Appendix; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254624,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1048.gif"},{"id":254623,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1048/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Afghanistan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 61,29.5 ], [ 61,38 ], [ 75,38 ], [ 75,29.5 ], [ 61,29.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a47abe4b0c8380cd6791a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hubbard, Bernard E. 0000-0002-9315-2032 bhubbard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-2032","contributorId":2342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Bernard","email":"bhubbard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mack, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0496-3918 tjmack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0496-3918","contributorId":1677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"Thomas","email":"tjmack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Allyson L.","contributorId":90575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Allyson","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70038137,"text":"70038137 - 2012 - Air-water oxygen exchange in a large whitewater river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-04T14:24:57.931663","indexId":"70038137","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2621,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography: Fluids and Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Air-water oxygen exchange in a large whitewater river","docAbstract":"Air–water gas exchange governs fluxes of gas into and out of aquatic ecosystems. Knowing this flux is necessary to calculate gas budgets (i.e., O2) to estimate whole‐ecosystem metabolism and basin‐scale carbon budgets. Empirical data on rates of gas exchange for streams, estuaries, and oceans are readily available. However, there are few data from large rivers and no data from whitewater rapids. We measured gas transfer velocity in the Colorado River, Grand Canyon, as decline in O2 saturation deficit, 7 times in a 28‐km segment spanning 7 rapids. The O2 saturation deficit exists because of hypolimnetic discharge from Glen Canyon Dam, located 25 km upriver from Lees Ferry. Gas transfer velocity (k600) increased with slope of the immediate reach. k600 was < 10 cm h− 1 in flat reaches, while k600 for the steepest rapid ranged 3600–7700 cm h− 1, an extremely high value of k600. Using the rate of gas exchange per unit length of water surface elevation (Kdrop, m− 1), segment‐integrated k600 varied between 74 and 101 cm h− 1. Using Kdrop we scaled k600 to the remainder of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon. At the scale corresponding to the segment length where 80% of the O2 exchanged with the atmosphere (mean length = 26.1 km), k600 varied 4.5‐fold between 56 and 272 cm h− 1 with a mean of 113 cm h− 1. Gas transfer velocity for the Colorado River was higher than those from other aquatic ecosystems because of large rapids. Our approach of scaling k600 based on Kdrop allows comparing gas transfer velocity across rivers with spatially heterogeneous morphology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.1215/21573689-1572535","usgsCitation":"Hall, R., Kennedy, T., and Rosi-Marshall, E.J., 2012, Air-water oxygen exchange in a large whitewater river: Limnology and Oceanography: Fluids and Environments, v. 2, no. 1, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1215/21573689-1572535.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474519,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1215/21573689-1572535","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381847,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River;Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.5604248046875,\n 35.94910642813857\n ],\n [\n -111.66229248046874,\n 35.94910642813857\n ],\n [\n -111.66229248046874,\n 36.29741818650811\n ],\n [\n -112.5604248046875,\n 36.29741818650811\n ],\n [\n -112.5604248046875,\n 35.94910642813857\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e91be4b0c8380cd480d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hall, Robert O.","contributorId":24604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"Robert O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, Theodore A. 0000-0003-3477-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3477-3629","contributorId":50227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Theodore A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosi-Marshall, Emma J.","contributorId":17722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosi-Marshall","given":"Emma","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70173539,"text":"70173539 - 2012 - Are Agrofuels a conservation threat or opportunity for grassland birds in the United States?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-16T10:51:56","indexId":"70173539","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Are Agrofuels a conservation threat or opportunity for grassland birds in the United States?","docAbstract":"In the United States, government-mandated growth in the production of crops dedicated to biofuel (agrofuels) is predicted to increase the demands on existing agricultural lands, potentially threatening the persistence of populations of grassland birds they support. We review recently published literature and datasets to (1) examine the ability of alternative agrofuel crops and their management regimes to provide habitat for grassland birds, (2) determine how crop placement in agricultural landscapes and agrofuel-related land-use change will affect grassland birds, and (3) identify critical research and policy-development needs associated with agrofuel production. We find that native perennial plants proposed as feedstock for agrofuel (switchgrass, Panicum virgatum, and mixed grass—forb prairie) have considerable potential to provide new habitat to a wide range of grassland birds, including rare and threatened species. However, industrialization of agrofuel production that maximizes biomass, homogenizes vegetation structure, and results in the cultivation of small fields within largely forested landscapes is likely to reduce species richness and/or abundance of grassland-dependent birds. Realizing the potential benefits of agrofuel production for grassland birds' conservation will require the development of new policies that encourage agricultural practices specifically targeting the needs of grassland specialists. The broad array of grower-incentive programs in existence may deliver new agrofuel policies effectively but will require coordination at a spatial scale broader than currently practiced, preferably within an adaptive-management framework.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1525/cond.2012.110136","usgsCitation":"Robertson, B.A., Rice, R.A., Ribic, C., Babcock, B.A., Landis, D.A., Herkert, J.R., Fletcher, R.J., Fontaine, J., Doran, P.J., and Schemske, D.W., 2012, Are Agrofuels a conservation threat or opportunity for grassland birds in the United States?: The Condor, v. 114, no. 4, p. 679-688, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2012.110136.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"679","endPage":"688","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-027569","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474520,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2012.110136","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323731,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5763cdaee4b07657d19ba74f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, Bruce A.","contributorId":171947,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robertson","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, Robert A.","contributorId":171948,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rice","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ribic, Christine 0000-0003-2583-1778 caribic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-1778","contributorId":147952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribic","given":"Christine","email":"caribic@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Babcock, Bruce A.","contributorId":171950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Babcock","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Landis, Douglas A.","contributorId":171951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Landis","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Herkert, James R.","contributorId":113967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkert","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fletcher, Robert J. Jr.","contributorId":41294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Robert","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fontaine, Joseph J","contributorId":117561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fontaine","given":"Joseph J","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Doran, Patrick J.","contributorId":171952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doran","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Schemske, Douglas W.","contributorId":171953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schemske","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70038214,"text":"sir20125049 - 2012 - Methods for evaluating temporal groundwater quality data and results of decadal-scale changes in chloride, dissolved solids, and nitrate concentrations in groundwater in the United States, 1988-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:36","indexId":"sir20125049","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5049","title":"Methods for evaluating temporal groundwater quality data and results of decadal-scale changes in chloride, dissolved solids, and nitrate concentrations in groundwater in the United States, 1988-2010","docAbstract":"Decadal-scale changes in groundwater quality were evaluated by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. Samples of groundwater collected from wells during 1988-2000 - a first sampling event representing the decade ending the 20th century - were compared on a pair-wise basis to samples from the same wells collected during 2001-2010 - a second sampling event representing the decade beginning the 21st century. The data set consists of samples from 1,236 wells in 56 well networks, representing major aquifers and urban and agricultural land-use areas, with analytical results for chloride, dissolved solids, and nitrate. Statistical analysis was done on a network basis rather than by individual wells. Although spanning slightly more or less than a 10-year period, the two-sample comparison between the first and second sampling events is referred to as an analysis of decadal-scale change based on a step-trend analysis. The 22 principal aquifers represented by these 56 networks account for nearly 80 percent of the estimated withdrawals of groundwater used for drinking-water supply in the Nation. Well networks where decadal-scale changes in concentrations were statistically significant were identified using the Wilcoxon-Pratt signed-rank test. For the statistical analysis of chloride, dissolved solids, and nitrate concentrations at the network level, more than half revealed no statistically significant change over the decadal period. However, for networks that had statistically significant changes, increased concentrations outnumbered decreased concentrations by a large margin. Statistically significant increases of chloride concentrations were identified for 43 percent of 56 networks. Dissolved solids concentrations increased significantly in 41 percent of the 54 networks with dissolved solids data, and nitrate concentrations increased significantly in 23 percent of 56 networks. At least one of the three - chloride, dissolved solids, or nitrate - had a statistically significant increase in concentration in 66 percent of the networks. Statistically significant decreases in concentrations were identified in 4 percent of the networks for chloride, 2 percent of the networks for dissolved solids, and 9 percent of the networks for nitrate. A larger percentage of urban land-use networks had statistically significant increases in chloride, dissolved solids, and nitrate concentrations than agricultural land-use networks. In order to assess the magnitude of statistically significant changes, the median of the differences between constituent concentrations from the first full-network sampling event and those from the second full-network sampling event was calculated using the Turnbull method. The largest median decadal increases in chloride concentrations were in networks in the Upper Illinois River Basin (67 mg/L) and in the New England Coastal Basins (34 mg/L), whereas the largest median decadal decrease in chloride concentrations was in the Upper Snake River Basin (1 mg/L). The largest median decadal increases in dissolved solids concentrations were in networks in the Rio Grande Valley (260 mg/L) and the Upper Illinois River Basin (160 mg/L). The largest median decadal decrease in dissolved solids concentrations was in the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin (6.0 mg/L). The largest median decadal increases in nitrate as nitrogen (N) concentrations were in networks in the South Platte River Basin (2.0 mg/L as N) and the San Joaquin-Tulare Basins (1.0 mg/L as N). The largest median decadal decrease in nitrate concentrations was in the Santee River Basin and Coastal Drainages (0.63 mg/L). The magnitude of change in networks with statistically significant increases typically was much larger than the magnitude of change in networks with statistically significant decreases. The magnitude of change was greatest for chloride in the urban land-use networks and greatest for dissolved solids and nitrate in the agricultural land-use networks. Analysis of data from all networks combined indicated statistically significant increases for chloride, dissolved solids, and nitrate. Although chloride, dissolved solids, and nitrate concentrations were typically less than the drinking-water standards and guidelines, a statistical test was used to determine whether or not the proportion of samples exceeding the drinking-water standard or guideline changed significantly between the first and second full-network sampling events. The proportion of samples exceeding the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level for dissolved solids (500 milligrams per liter) increased significantly between the first and second full-network sampling events when evaluating all networks combined at the national level. Also, for all networks combined, the proportion of samples exceeding the USEPA Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 10 mg/L as N for nitrate increased significantly. One network in the Delmarva Peninsula had a significant increase in the proportion of samples exceeding the MCL for nitrate. A subset of 261 wells was sampled every other year (biennially) to evaluate decadal-scale changes using a time-series analysis. The analysis of the biennial data set showed that changes were generally similar to the findings from the analysis of decadal-scale change that was based on a step-trend analysis. Because of the small number of wells in a network with biennial data (typically 4-5 wells), the time-series analysis is more useful for understanding water-quality responses to changes in site-specific conditions rather than as an indicator of the change for the entire network.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125049","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Lindsey, B., and Rupert, M.G., 2012, Methods for evaluating temporal groundwater quality data and results of decadal-scale changes in chloride, dissolved solids, and nitrate concentrations in groundwater in the United States, 1988-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5049, vi, 46 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125049.","productDescription":"vi, 46 p.; Appendices","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1988-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254608,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5049.png"},{"id":254607,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5049/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a55c0e4b0c8380cd6d291","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindsey, Bruce D. 0000-0002-7180-4319 blindsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7180-4319","contributorId":434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"Bruce D.","email":"blindsey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":463655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rupert, Michael G. mgrupert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupert","given":"Michael","email":"mgrupert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70038196,"text":"fs20123049 - 2012 - Water quality studied in areas of unconventional oil and gas development, including areas where hydraulic fracturing techniques are used, in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T14:10:00","indexId":"fs20123049","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-25T18:40:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3049","title":"Water quality studied in areas of unconventional oil and gas development, including areas where hydraulic fracturing techniques are used, in the United States","docAbstract":"Domestic oil and gas production and clean water are critical for economic growth, public health, and national security of the United States. As domestic oil and gas production increases in new areas and old fields are enhanced, there is increasing public concern about the effects of energy production on surface-water and groundwater quality. To a great extent, this concern arises from the improved hydraulic fracturing techniques being used today, including horizontal drilling, for producing unconventional oil and gas in low-permeability formations.
\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis is hosting an interdisciplinary working group of USGS scientists to conduct a temporal and spatial analysis of surface-water and groundwater quality in areas of unconventional oil and gas development. The analysis uses existing national and regional datasets to describe water quality, evaluate water-quality changes over time where there are sufficient data, and evaluate spatial and temporal data gaps.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123049","usgsCitation":"Susong, D.D., Gallegos, T.J., and Oelsner, G.P., 2012, Water quality studied in areas of unconventional oil and gas development, including areas where hydraulic fracturing techniques are used, in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3049, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123049.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332869,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3049/FS12-3049_508.pdf","size":"11 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":254602,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3049.gif"},{"id":254598,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3049/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc8f9e4b08c986b32cbce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Susong, David D. ddsusong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Susong","given":"David","email":"ddsusong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gallegos, Tanya J. 0000-0003-3350-6473 tgallegos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-6473","contributorId":2206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallegos","given":"Tanya","email":"tgallegos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oelsner, Gretchen P. 0000-0001-9329-7357 goelsner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9329-7357","contributorId":4440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oelsner","given":"Gretchen","email":"goelsner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70038192,"text":"sir20125060 - 2012 - Characterization of the Highway 95 Fault in lower Fortymile Wash using electrical and electromagnetic methods, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:35","indexId":"sir20125060","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-25T16:30:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5060","title":"Characterization of the Highway 95 Fault in lower Fortymile Wash using electrical and electromagnetic methods, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"The Highway 95 Fault is a buried, roughly east-west trending growth fault at the southern extent of Yucca Mountain and Southwestern Nevada Volcanic Field. Little is known about the role of this fault in the movement of groundwater from the Yucca Mountain area to downgradient groundwater users in Amargosa Valley. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Arizona Water Science Center (AZWSC), in cooperation with the Nye County Nuclear Waste Repository Project Office (NWRPO), has used direct current (DC) resistivity, controlled-source audio magnetotelluric (CSAMT), and transient electromagnetics (TEM) to better understand the fault. These geophysical surveys were designed to look at structures buried beneath the alluvium, following a transect of wells for lithologic control. Results indicate that the fault is just north of U.S. Highway 95, between wells NC-EWDP-2DB and -19D, and south of Highway 95, east of well NC-EWDP-2DB. The Highway 95 Fault may inhibit shallow groundwater movement by uplifting deep Paleozoic carbonates, effectively reducing the overlying alluvial aquifer thickness and restricting the movement of water. Upward vertical hydraulic gradients in wells proximal to the fault indicate that upward movement is occurring from deeper, higher-pressure aquifers.
\nFrom December 2006 to January 2007, the USGS and NWRPO collected dipole-dipole DC resistivity data to characterize the Highway 95 Fault. Modeled data from the resistivity study agreed with mapped faults from gravity anomalies and highlighted a prominent fault within 1.5 km of Highway 95, thought to be the Highway 95 Fault. Results of the dipole-dipole resistivity survey warranted further study.
\nFrom March to April of 2008, the USGS and Nye County continued their geophysical investigation of the Highway 95 Fault using TEM and CSAMT geophysical techniques. TEM and CSAMT data were collected along the same profile as the dipole-dipole resistivity data. Modeled data from these additional studies yielded similar results to the dipole-dipole resistivity study. An area of distinct resistivity change was detected within 1.5 km of Highway 95, and it is thought that this change is the Highway 95 Fault.
\nCoordinated application of electrical and electromagnetic geophysical methods provided better characterization of the Highway 95 Fault. The comparison of dipole-dipole resistivity, TEM, and CSAMT data confirm faulting of an uplifted block of resistive Paleozoic Carbonate that lies beneath a more conductive sandstone unit. A more resistive alluvial basin-fill unit is found above the sandstone unit, and it constitutes only about 150 m of the uppermost subsurface.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125060","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Nye County Nuclear Waste Repository Project Office","usgsCitation":"Macy, J.P., Kryder, L., and Walker, J., 2012, Characterization of the Highway 95 Fault in lower Fortymile Wash using electrical and electromagnetic methods, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5060, vi, 31 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125060.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p.; Appendix","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254605,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5060.gif"},{"id":254593,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5060/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.83333333333333,36.333333333333336 ], [ -116.83333333333333,37 ], [ -116.08333333333333,37 ], [ -116.08333333333333,36.333333333333336 ], [ -116.83333333333333,36.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4e3e4b0c8380cd4bf9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Macy, Jamie P. 0000-0003-3443-0079 jpmacy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-0079","contributorId":2173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macy","given":"Jamie","email":"jpmacy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kryder, Levi","contributorId":25392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kryder","given":"Levi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walker, Jamieson","contributorId":87787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Jamieson","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70038182,"text":"sir20125014 - 2012 - Evaluation of the effects of Middleton's stormwater-management activities on streamflow and water-quality characteristics of Pheasant Branch, Dane County, Wisconsin 1975-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-21T13:12:16","indexId":"sir20125014","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5014","title":"Evaluation of the effects of Middleton's stormwater-management activities on streamflow and water-quality characteristics of Pheasant Branch, Dane County, Wisconsin 1975-2008","docAbstract":"Few long-term data sets are available for evaluating the effects of urban stormwater-management practices. Over 30 years of data are available for evaluating the effectiveness of such practices by the city of Middleton, Wis. Analysis of streamflow and water-quality data collected on Pheasant Branch, demonstrates the relation between the changes in the watershed to the structural and nonstructural best management practices put in place during 1975-2008. A comparison of the data from Pheasant Branch with streamflow and water-quality data (suspended sediment and total phosphorus) collected at other nearby streams was made to assist in the determination of the possible causes of the changes in Pheasant Branch. \nBased on 34 years of streamflow data collected at the Pheasant Branch at Middleton streamflow-gaging station, flood peak discharges increased 37 percent for the 2-year flood and 83 percent for the 100-year flood. A comparison of data for the same period from an adjacent rural stream, Black Earth at Black Earth had a 43 percent increase in the 2-year flood peak discharge and a 140-percent increase in the 100-year flood peak discharge. Because the flood peak discharges on Pheasant Branch have not increased as much as Black Earth Creek it appears that the stormwater management practices have been successful in mitigating the effects of urbanization. Generally urbanization results in increased flood peak discharges. The overall increase in flood peak discharges seen in both streams probably is the result of the substantial increase in precipitation during the study period. Average annual runoff in Pheasant Branch has also been increasing due to increasing average annual precipitation and urbanization. \nThe stormwater-management practices in Middleton have been successful in decreasing the suspended-sediment and total phosphorus loads to Lake Mendota from the Pheasant Branch watershed. These loads decreased in spite of increased annual runoff and flood peaks, which are often expected to produce higher sediment and phosphorus loads. The biggest decreases in sediment and phosphorus loads occurred after 2001 when a large detention pond, the Confluence Pond, began operation. Since 2001, the annual suspended-sediment load has decreased from 2,650 tons per year to 1,450 tons per year for a 45-percent decrease. The annual total phosphorus load has decreased from 12,200 pounds per year to 6,300 pounds per year for a 48-percent decrease. A comparison of Pheasant Branch at Middleton with two other streams, Spring Harbor Storm Sewer and Yahara River at Windsor, that drain into Lake Mendota shows that suspended-sediment and total phosphorus load decreases were greatest at Pheasant Branch at Middleton. Prior to the construction of the Confluence Pond, annual suspended-sediment yield and total phosphorus yield from Pheasant Branch watershed was the largest of the three watersheds. After 2001, suspended-sediment yield was greatest at Spring Harbor Storm Sewer, and lowest at Yahara at Windsor; annual total phosphorus yield was greater at Yahara River at Windsor than that of Pheasant Branch. The stormwater-quality plan for Middleton shows that the city has met the present State of Wisconsin Administrative Code chap. NR216/NR151 requirements of reducing total suspended solids by 20 percent for the developed area in Middleton. In addition, the city already has met the 40-percent reduction in total suspended solids required by 2013. \nSnow and ice melt runoff from road surfaces and parking lots following winter storms can effect water quality because the runoff contains varying amounts of road salt. To evaluate the effect of road deicing on stream water quality in Pheasant Branch, specific conductance and chloride were monitored during two winter seasons. The maximum estimated concentration of chloride during the monitoring period was 931 milligrams per liter, which exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency acute criterion of 860 milligrams per liter. Chloride concentrations exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency chronic criterion of 230 milligrams per liter for at least 10 days during February and March 2007 and for 45 days during the 2007-8 winter seasons. The total sodium chloride load for the monitoring period was 1,720 tons and the largest sodium chloride load occurred in March and April of each year.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125014","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Middleton, Wisconsin","usgsCitation":"Gebert, W.A., Rose, W., and Garn, H.S., 2012, Evaluation of the effects of Middleton's stormwater-management activities on streamflow and water-quality characteristics of Pheasant Branch, Dane County, Wisconsin 1975-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5014, v, 27 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125014.","productDescription":"v, 27 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254591,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5014.jpg"},{"id":254590,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5014/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":332412,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5014/pdf/sir2012-5014_041712.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Dane","city":"Middleton","otherGeospatial":"Pheasant Branch watershed, Confluence Pond","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ce0e4b0c8380cd52d22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gebert, Warren A. wagebert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gebert","given":"Warren","email":"wagebert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":514114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, William J. wjrose@usgs.gov","contributorId":2182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"William J.","email":"wjrose@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":514115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garn, Herbert S. hsgarn@usgs.gov","contributorId":2592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garn","given":"Herbert","email":"hsgarn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":514116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70155281,"text":"70155281 - 2012 - Agricultural drought monitoring in Kenya using evapotranspiration derived from remote sensing and reanalysis data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-08T16:41:22.102513","indexId":"70155281","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-24T11:33:58","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"8","title":"Agricultural drought monitoring in Kenya using evapotranspiration derived from remote sensing and reanalysis data","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote sensing of drought","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","doi":"10.1201/b11863","usgsCitation":"Marshall, M., Funk, C.C., and Michaelsen, J., 2012, Agricultural drought monitoring in Kenya using evapotranspiration derived from remote sensing and reanalysis data, chap. 8 of Remote sensing of drought, p. 169-194, https://doi.org/10.1201/b11863.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"194","ipdsId":"IP-024903","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430808,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Kenya","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[40.993,-0.85829],[41.58513,-1.68325],[40.88477,-2.08255],[40.63785,-2.49979],[40.26304,-2.57309],[40.12119,-3.27768],[39.80006,-3.68116],[39.60489,-4.34653],[39.20222,-4.67677],[37.7669,-3.67712],[37.69869,-3.09699],[34.07262,-1.05982],[33.90371,-0.95],[33.89357,0.10981],[34.18,0.515],[34.6721,1.17694],[35.03599,1.90584],[34.59607,3.05374],[34.47913,3.5556],[34.005,4.24988],[34.6202,4.84712],[35.29801,5.506],[35.81745,5.33823],[35.81745,4.77697],[36.15908,4.44786],[36.85509,4.44786],[38.12091,3.59861],[38.43697,3.58851],[38.67114,3.61607],[38.89251,3.50074],[39.55938,3.42206],[39.85494,3.83879],[40.76848,4.25702],[41.1718,3.91909],[41.85508,3.91891],[40.98105,2.78452],[40.993,-0.85829]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Kenya\"}}]}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marshall, Michael","contributorId":145855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marshall","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":16265,"text":"Dept. of Geography, UC Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Funk, Christopher C. 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Christopher","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":565490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michaelsen, Joel","contributorId":149202,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michaelsen","given":"Joel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70038177,"text":"fs20123058 - 2012 - Studying ocean acidification in the Arctic Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:36","indexId":"fs20123058","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3058","title":"Studying ocean acidification in the Arctic Ocean","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) partnership with the U.S. Coast Guard Ice Breaker Healey and its United Nations Convention Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) cruises has produced new synoptic data from samples collected in the Arctic Ocean and insights into the patterns and extent of ocean acidification. This framework of foundational geochemical information will help inform our understanding of potential risks to Arctic resources due to ocean acidification.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123058","usgsCitation":"Robbins, L., 2012, Studying ocean acidification in the Arctic Ocean: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3058, 2 p.; HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123058.","productDescription":"2 p.; HTML Document","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254589,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3058.bmp"},{"id":254585,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3058/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic Ocean","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9ce6e4b08c986b31d50f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, Lisa","contributorId":87643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"Lisa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70038167,"text":"ofr20121047 - 2012 - Characterization of nutrients and fecal indicator bacteria at a concentrated swine feeding operation in Wake County, North Carolina, 2009-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-08T15:09:13","indexId":"ofr20121047","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-23T12:55:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1047","title":"Characterization of nutrients and fecal indicator bacteria at a concentrated swine feeding operation in Wake County, North Carolina, 2009-2011","docAbstract":"Hydrologic and water-quality data were collected during October 2009–January 2011 to characterize nutrient and bacteria concentrations in stormwater runoff from agricultural fields that receive wastewater originating at a swine facility at North Carolina State University's Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory (LWRFL) in Wake County, North Carolina. The swine facility consists of six swine houses, two wastewater storage lagoons, and wastewater spray fields. The data-collection network consisted of 11 sampling sites, including 4 wastewater sites, 3 in-field runoff sites, and 4 stream sites. Continuous precipitation data were recorded with a raingage to document rainfall conditions during the study.
\nStudy sites were sampled for laboratory analysis of nutrients, total suspended solids (TSS), and (or) fecal indicator bacteria (FIB). Nutrient analyses included measurement of dissolved ammonia, total and dissolved ammonia + organic nitrogen, dissolved nitrate + nitrite, dissolved orthophosphate, and total phosphorus. The FIB analyses included measurement of Escherichia coli and enterococci. Samples of wastewater at the swine facility were collected from a pipe outfall from the swine housing units, two storage lagoons, and the spray fields for analysis of nutrients, TSS, and FIB. Soil samples collected from a spray field were analyzed for FIB. Monitoring locations were established for collecting discharge and water-quality data during storm events at three in-field runoff sites and two sites on the headwater stream (one upstream and one downstream) next to the swine facility. Stormflow samples at the five monitoring locations were collected for four storm events during 2009 to 2010 and analyzed for nutrients, TSS, and FIB. Monthly water samples also were collected during base-flow conditions at all four stream sites for laboratory analysis of nutrients, TSS, and (or) FIB.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121047","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Risk Management Research Laboratory","usgsCitation":"Harden, S.L., Rogers, S.W., Jahne, M.A., Shaffer, C.E., and Smith, D.G., 2012, Characterization of nutrients and fecal indicator bacteria at a concentrated swine feeding operation in Wake County, North Carolina, 2009-2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1047, vii, 12 p.; Tables; Appendices 1 and 2 Download, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121047.","productDescription":"vii, 12 p.; Tables; Appendices 1 and 2 Download","temporalStart":"2009-10-01","temporalEnd":"2011-01-31","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254580,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1047.jpg"},{"id":254578,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1047/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Wake County","otherGeospatial":"Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -78.68333333333334,35.7175 ], [ -78.68333333333334,35.733333333333334 ], [ -78.66666666666667,35.733333333333334 ], [ -78.66666666666667,35.7175 ], [ -78.68333333333334,35.7175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4d3e4b0c8380cd4bf48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harden, Stephen L. 0000-0001-6886-0099 slharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6886-0099","contributorId":2212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Stephen","email":"slharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogers, Shane W.","contributorId":21017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Shane","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jahne, Michael A.","contributorId":90968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jahne","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shaffer, Carrie E.","contributorId":104321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Carrie","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Douglas G. dgsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Douglas","email":"dgsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70038166,"text":"ofr20121013 - 2012 - Quality of surface-water supplies in the Triangle area of North Carolina, water year 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-08T15:05:32","indexId":"ofr20121013","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-23T12:40:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1013","title":"Quality of surface-water supplies in the Triangle area of North Carolina, water year 2008","docAbstract":"Surface-water supplies are important sources of drinking water for residents in the Triangle area of North Carolina, which is located within the upper Cape Fear and Neuse River Basins. Since 1988, the U.S. Geological Survey and a consortium of governments have tracked water-quality conditions and trends in several of the area's water-supply lakes and streams. This report summarizes data collected through this cooperative effort, known as the Triangle Area Water Supply Monitoring Project, during October 2007 through September 2008. Major findings for this period include:
\n•Antecedent drought conditions during 2007 contributed to below-average flows at streams throughout the study area during 2008. Continuous records from 9 of the 10 project stream gages documented below-average streamflow during most of the year.
\n•More than 8,000 individual measurements of water quality were made at a total of 27 sites—15 in the Neuse River Basin and 12 in the Cape Fear River Basin.
\n•North Carolina water-quality standards were exceeded one or more times for nine constituents, including dissolved oxygen, dissolved oxygen percent saturation, pH, chlorophyll a, mercury, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc. Exceedances occurred at 26 sites, 14 of which were in the Neuse River Basin, and 12 of which were in the Cape Fear River Basin.
\n•Stream samples collected during storm events contained elevated concentrations of iron, copper, and total phosphorus relative to non-storm samples.
\n•The first full year of sampling was completed for a new project site at Lake Butner in Granville County. Among all lakes sampled during 2008, Lake Butner had the lowest concentrations of total ammonia plus organic nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll a, and specific conductance and the highest water clarity.
\n•Concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were within ranges observed during previous years; however, Falls Lake at U.S. Interstate 85 had elevated levels of nitrate plus nitrite and total phosphorus relative to other sites.
\n•Five lakes had chlorophyll a concentrations in excess of 40 micrograms per liter at least once during 2008, including Little River Reservoir, Falls Lake, Lake Benson, University Lake, and Jordan Lake.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121013","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Triangle Area Water Supply Monitoring Project Steering Committee","usgsCitation":"Giorgino, M., Rasmussen, R., and Pfeifle, C., 2012, Quality of surface-water supplies in the Triangle area of North Carolina, water year 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1013, iv, 12 p.; Table 2 Download, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121013.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.; Table 2 Download","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-10-01","temporalEnd":"2008-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254577,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1013.jpg"},{"id":254572,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1013/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Cape Fear And Neuse River Basins","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.41666666666667,35.666666666666664 ], [ -79.41666666666667,36.25 ], [ -78.25,36.25 ], [ -78.25,35.666666666666664 ], [ -79.41666666666667,35.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a913fe4b0c8380cd80186","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giorgino, M. J.","contributorId":97149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giorgino","given":"M. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rasmussen, R.B.","contributorId":90395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pfeifle, C.A.","contributorId":57304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pfeifle","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70038165,"text":"ds651 - 2012 - Archive of post-Hurricane Charley coastal oblique aerial photographs collected during U.S. Geological Survey field activity 04CCH01 from Marco Island to Fort DeSoto, Florida, August 15, 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:35","indexId":"ds651","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-23T12:24:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"651","title":"Archive of post-Hurricane Charley coastal oblique aerial photographs collected during U.S. Geological Survey field activity 04CCH01 from Marco Island to Fort DeSoto, Florida, August 15, 2004","docAbstract":"On August 15, 2004, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted an oblique aerial photographic survey off the southwest coast of Florida, from Marco Island to Fort DeSoto, aboard a Navajo Chieftain airplane, tail number N2KK, at an altitude of 500 ft and approximately 1000 ft offshore. These photographs were used to document coastal changes such as beach erosion and overwash caused by Hurricane Charley. They will also be used as baseline data for future coastal change. The oblique photography also served as qualitative ground truthing for the Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) coastal topography and bathymetry data collected on August 16, 2004 (Bonisteel and others, 2009). This report serves as an archive of photographs collected during the August 15, 2004, post-Hurricane Charley coastal oblique aerial survey along with associated flight path maps, KML files, navigation files, digital Field Activity Collection System (FACS) logs, and Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata. Refer to the Acronyms page for expansions of all acronyms and abbreviations used in this report.
\nThe USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) assigns a unique identifier to each cruise or field activity. For example, 04CCH01 tells us the data were collected in 2004 for the Coastal Change Hazards (CCH) study and the data were collected during the first field activity for that project in that calendar year. Refer to http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/programs/html/definition/activity.html for a detailed description of the method used to assign the ID number.
\nTwo separate records of flight navigation were collected during the survey. The first was a continuous ASCII text file from the PLGR that recorded only latitudes, longitudes, and altitudes every 30 sec for the entire flight. No time values were recorded by the PLGR. The second navigation record was recorded by a Trimble Centurion GPS and converted to subtitles on the video, using a Compix Titler unit. The video was shot continuously during the survey. The video subtitles recorded day, month, year, latitude, longitude, and time in hours, minutes, and seconds. In order to produce a digital record of the navigation values that included latitude, longitude, and time, each was manually extracted from the video every 5 min, and these values were matched to the latitude and longitude in the PLGR file. Next, the time was interpolated between these 5-min fixes using Excel to produce time values for each navigation fix recorded in the PLGR file.
\nThe location of each photograph taken was determined in the following manner. A Nikon MF-14 data back marks the time each photograph was acquired on the lower right corner of the image in day, hour, and minute format (in UTC). These values were entered from the photographs into an Excel spreadsheet. It is assumed for the purposes of locating the images that the photographs were taken at a constant rate during any given minute of flight. To assign the time value in seconds to each photograph, the number of photographs taken during each minute was evenly distributed across that minute. For example, if 15 photographs were taken during minute 19:00:00, we assume that a picture was taken every 4 sec. The photographs were assigned the time values 19:00:00, 19:00:04, 19:00:08, and so on. The video time navigation file was then merged with the new interpolated photograph file based on time to produce the point of which each photograph was collected. As a result, the positions assigned to each photograph are an estimate of the aircraft position, not the location of the landmark photographed.
\nThe photographs provided here are JPEG scanned images of the analog slides. The metadata values for photo creation time, GPS latitude, GPS longitude, GPS position, keywords, credit, artist, caption, copyright, and contact were added to each photograph's EXIF header using EXIFtools (see the Software page). Photographs can be opened directly with any JPEG-compatible image viewer by clicking on a thumbnail on the contact sheet, or, when viewing the Google Earth KML file, by clicking on the marker and then clicking on either the thumbnail or the link below the thumbnail. The KML files were created using the photographic navigation files and the CreateKML JavaScript (see the Software page).
\nTo view the survey maps and navigation files, and for more information about these items, see the Navigation page. Figure 1 displays the acquisition geometry. The tables provide detailed information about the assigned location, name, data, and time the photograph was taken along with links to the photo and corresponding 5-min contact sheet. Refer to table 1 and table 2 for details of the northern and southern county photographs, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds651","usgsCitation":"Subino, J.A., Morgan, K., Krohn, M.D., Miller, G.K., Dadisman, S.V., and Forde, A.S., 2012, Archive of post-Hurricane Charley coastal oblique aerial photographs collected during U.S. Geological Survey field activity 04CCH01 from Marco Island to Fort DeSoto, Florida, August 15, 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 651, HTML online; 2 DVDs, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds651.","productDescription":"HTML online; 2 DVDs","temporalStart":"2004-08-15","temporalEnd":"2004-08-15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":254576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_651.bmp"},{"id":254571,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/651/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Marco Island;Fort Desoto","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed49e4b0c8380cd49702","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Subino, Janice A.","contributorId":50386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Subino","given":"Janice","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morgan, Karen L.M. 0000-0002-2994-5572","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2994-5572","contributorId":95553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Karen L.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krohn, M. Dennis dkrohn@usgs.gov","contributorId":3378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krohn","given":"M.","email":"dkrohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Dennis","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Gregory K. gmiller@usgs.gov","contributorId":355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Gregory","email":"gmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":463553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dadisman, Shawn V. sdadisman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dadisman","given":"Shawn","email":"sdadisman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":463555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Forde, Arnell S. 0000-0002-5581-2255 aforde@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5581-2255","contributorId":376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forde","given":"Arnell","email":"aforde@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70038163,"text":"ds681 - 2012 - Hydrologic and water-quality data at Government Canyon State Natural Area, Bexar County, Texas, 2002-10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-08T09:06:53","indexId":"ds681","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-23T11:53:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"681","title":"Hydrologic and water-quality data at Government Canyon State Natural Area, Bexar County, Texas, 2002-10","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service, the Edwards Aquifer Authority, and the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, collected rainfall, streamflow, evapotranspiration, and stormflow water-quality data at the Laurel Canyon Creek watershed, within the Government Canyon State Natural Area, Bexar County, Tex. The purpose of the data collection was to support evaluations of the effects of brush management conservation practices on components of the hydrologic budget and water quality. One component of brush management was to take endangered wildlife into consideration, specifically the golden-cheeked warbler (Dendroica chrysoparia). Much of the area that may have been considered for brush management was left intact to protect habitat for the golden-cheeked warbler. The area identified for brush management was approximately 10 percent of the study watershed. The hydrologic data presented here (2002–10) represent pre- and post-treatment periods, with brush management treatment occurring from winter 2006–07 to spring 2008.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds681","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service, the Edwards Aquifer Authority, and the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department","usgsCitation":"Banta, J., and Slattery, R.N., 2012, Hydrologic and water-quality data at Government Canyon State Natural Area, Bexar County, Texas, 2002-10: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 681, v, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds681.","productDescription":"v, 43 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254574,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_681.gif"},{"id":254569,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/681/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Bexar","otherGeospatial":"Government Canyon State Natural Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -99,29.083333333333332 ], [ -99,30.166666666666668 ], [ -98,30.166666666666668 ], [ -98,29.083333333333332 ], [ -99,29.083333333333332 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3561e4b0c8380cd5fe87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banta, J. Ryan 0000-0002-2226-7270","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2226-7270","contributorId":78863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"J. Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slattery, Richard N. 0000-0002-9141-9776 rnslatte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9141-9776","contributorId":2471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slattery","given":"Richard","email":"rnslatte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70038162,"text":"ofr20121054 - 2012 - Florida Bay salinity and Everglades wetlands hydrology circa 1900 CE: A compilation of paleoecology-based statistical modeling analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-15T09:09:54","indexId":"ofr20121054","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-23T11:29:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1054","title":"Florida Bay salinity and Everglades wetlands hydrology circa 1900 CE: A compilation of paleoecology-based statistical modeling analyses","docAbstract":"Throughout the 20th century, the Greater Everglades Ecosystem of south Florida was greatly altered by human activities. Construction of water-control structures and facilities altered the natural hydrologic patterns of the south Florida region and consequently impacted the coastal ecosystem. Restoration of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem is guided by the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP), which is attempting to reverse some of the impacts of water management. In order to achieve this goal, it is essential to understand the predevelopment conditions (circa 1900 Common Era, CE) of the natural system, including the estuaries. The purpose of this report is to use empirical data derived from analyses of estuarine sediment cores and observations of modern hydrologic and salinity conditions to provide information on the natural system circa 1900 CE. A three-phase approach, developed in 2009, couples paleosalinity estimates derived from sediment cores to upstream hydrology using statistical models prepared from existing monitoring data. Results presented here update and improve previous analyses. A statistical method of estimating the paleosalinity from the core information improves the previous assemblage analyses, and the system of linear regression models was significantly upgraded and expanded.
\nThe upgraded method of coupled paleosalinity and hydrologic models was applied to the analysis of the circa-1900 CE segments of five estuarine sediment cores collected in Florida Bay. Comparisons of the observed mean stage (water level) data to the paleoecology-based model's averaged output show that the estimated stage in the Everglades wetlands was 0.3 to 1.6 feet higher at different locations. Observed mean flow data compared to the paleoecology-based model output show an estimated flow into Shark River Slough at Tamiami Trail of 401 to 2,539 cubic feet per second (cfs) higher than existing flows, and at Taylor Slough Bridge an estimated flow of 48 to 218 cfs above existing flows. For salinity in Florida Bay, the difference between paleoecology-based and observed mean salinity varies across the bay, from an aggregated average salinity of 14.7 less than existing in the northeastern basin to 1.0 less than existing in the western basin near the transition into the Gulf of Mexico. When the salinity differences are compared by region, the difference between paleoecology-based conditions and existing conditions are spatially consistent.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121054","usgsCitation":"Marshall, F., and Wingard, G., 2012, Florida Bay salinity and Everglades wetlands hydrology circa 1900 CE: A compilation of paleoecology-based statistical modeling analyses (Version 1.1; Originally posted April 10, 2012; Revised August 15, 2014): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1054, 32 p.; Tables; Appendix Download, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121054.","productDescription":"32 p.; Tables; Appendix Download","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292251,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121054.jpg"},{"id":254568,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1054/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Forida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","edition":"Version 1.1; Originally posted April 10, 2012; Revised August 15, 2014","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1227e4b0c8380cd541d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marshall, F.E.","contributorId":103380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"F.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wingard, G.L.","contributorId":79981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingard","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70038158,"text":"sir20115099 - 2012 - Projected climate and vegetation changes and potential biotic effects for Fort Benning, Georgia; Fort Hood, Texas; and Fort Irwin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:34","indexId":"sir20115099","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-23T11:12:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5099","title":"Projected climate and vegetation changes and potential biotic effects for Fort Benning, Georgia; Fort Hood, Texas; and Fort Irwin, California","docAbstract":"The responses of species and ecosystems to future climate changes will present challenges for conservation and natural resource managers attempting to maintain both species populations and essential habitat. This report describes projected future changes in climate and vegetation for three study areas surrounding the military installations of Fort Benning, Georgia, Fort Hood, Texas, and Fort Irwin, California. Projected climate changes are described for the time period 2070–2099 (30-year mean) as compared to 1961–1990 (30-year mean) for each study area using data simulated by the coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models CCSM3, CGCM3.1(T47), and UKMO-HadCM3, run under the B1, A1B, and A2 future greenhouse gas emissions scenarios. These climate data are used to simulate potential changes in important components of the vegetation for each study area using LPJ, a dynamic global vegetation model, and LPJ-GUESS, a dynamic vegetation model optimized for regional studies. The simulated vegetation results are compared with observed vegetation data for the study areas. Potential effects of the simulated future climate and vegetation changes for species and habitats of management concern are discussed in each study area, with a particular focus on federally listed threatened and endangered species.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115099","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP)","usgsCitation":"Shafer, S., Atkins, J., Bancroft, B., Bartlein, P., Lawler, J., Smith, B., and Wilsey, C., 2012, Projected climate and vegetation changes and potential biotic effects for Fort Benning, Georgia; Fort Hood, Texas; and Fort Irwin, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5099, viii, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115099.","productDescription":"viii, 46 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254573,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5099.png"},{"id":254567,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5099/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia;Texas;California","otherGeospatial":"Fort Benning;Fort Hood;Fort Irwin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8ef0e4b0c8380cd7f4a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shafer, S.L.","contributorId":26789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafer","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Atkins, J.","contributorId":16686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkins","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bancroft, B.A.","contributorId":107965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bancroft","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bartlein, P. J.","contributorId":54566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartlein","given":"P. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lawler, J.J.","contributorId":8641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawler","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, B.","contributorId":53740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wilsey, C.B.","contributorId":16251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilsey","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70038189,"text":"sir20125037 - 2012 - Escherichia coli bacteria density in relation to turbidity, streamflow characteristics, and season in the Chattahoochee River near Atlanta, Georgia, October 2000 through September 2008—Description, statistical analysis, and predictive modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T17:43:21","indexId":"sir20125037","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-20T17:16:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5037","title":"Escherichia coli bacteria density in relation to turbidity, streamflow characteristics, and season in the Chattahoochee River near Atlanta, Georgia, October 2000 through September 2008—Description, statistical analysis, and predictive modeling","docAbstract":"Water-based recreation—such as rafting, canoeing, and fishing—is popular among visitors to the Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area (CRNRA) in north Georgia. The CRNRA is a 48-mile reach of the Chattahoochee River upstream from Atlanta, Georgia, managed by the National Park Service (NPS). Historically, high densities of fecal-indicator bacteria have been documented in the Chattahoochee River and its tributaries at levels that commonly exceeded Georgia water-quality standards. In October 2000, the NPS partnered with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), State and local agencies, and non-governmental organizations to monitor Escherichia coli bacteria (E. coli) density and develop a system to alert river users when E. coli densities exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) single-sample beach criterion of 235 colonies (most probable number) per 100 milliliters (MPN/100 mL) of water. This program, called BacteriALERT, monitors E. coli density, turbidity, and water temperature at two sites on the Chattahoochee River upstream from Atlanta, Georgia. This report summarizes E. coli bacteria density and turbidity values in water samples collected between 2000 and 2008 as part of the BacteriALERT program; describes the relations between E. coli density and turbidity, streamflow characteristics, and season; and describes the regression analyses used to develop predictive models that estimate E. coli density in real time at both sampling sites.
\nBetween October 23, 2000, and September 30, 2008, about 1,400 water samples were collected and turbidity was measured at each of the two USGS streamgaging stations in the CRNRA near the cities of Norcross and Atlanta, Georgia. At both sites, water samples were collected at frequencies ranging from daily to twice per week and analyzed in the laboratory for E. coli bacteria, using the Colilert-18® and Quanti-tray-2000® defined substrate method, and turbidity. Beginning in mid-2002, turbidity and water temperature were measured in real time at both sites. Streamflow at both sites is affected by the operation of two hydroelectric facilities upstream that release water in response to daily peak power demands in the area. During dry weather, offpeak water released from both dams ranges from about 600 to 1,500 cubic feet per second.
\nDuring dry weather, 98 and 93 percent of water samples from Norcross and Atlanta sites, respectively, contained E. coli densities below the USEPA single-sample beach criterion (235 MPN/100 mL). Conversely during stormflow, only 26 percent of the samples from Norcross and 10 percent of the samples from Atlanta contained E. coli densities below the USEPA beach criterion. At both sites, median E. coli density and turbidity were statistically greater in stormflow samples than dry-weather samples. Furthermore, median E. coli density and turbidity were statistically lower at Norcross than at Atlanta during dry weather. During stormflow, median turbidity values were statistically similar at the two sites (36 and 35 formazin nephelometric units at Norcross and Atlanta, respectively); whereas the median E. coli density was statistically higher at Atlanta (810 MPN/100 mL) than at Norcross (530 MPN/100 mL). During dry weather, the maximum E. coli density was 1,200 MPN/100 mL at Norcross and 9,800 MPN/100 mL at Atlanta. During stormflow, the maximum E. coli density was 18,000 MPN/100 mL at Norcross and 28,000 MPN/100 mL at Atlanta.
\nRegression analyses show that E. coli density in samples was strongly related to turbidity, streamflow characteristics, and season at both sites. The regression equation chosen for the Norcross data showed that 78 percent of the variability in E. coli density (in log base 10 units) was explained by the variability in turbidity values (in log base 10 units), streamflow event (dry-weather flow or stormflow), season (cool or warm), and an interaction term that is the cross product of streamflow event and turbidity. The regression equation chosen for the Atlanta data showed that 76 percent of the variability in E. coli density (in log base 10 units) was explained by the variability in turbidity values (in log base 10 units), water temperature, streamflow event, and an interaction term that is the cross product of streamflow event and turbidity. Residual analysis and model confirmation using new data indicated the regression equations selected at both sites predicted E. coli density within the 90 percent prediction intervals of the equations and could be used to predict E. coli density in real time at both sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125037","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service, Upper Chattahoochee Riverkeeper, and Cobb County, Georgia","usgsCitation":"Lawrence, S.J., 2012, Escherichia coli bacteria density in relation to turbidity, streamflow characteristics, and season in the Chattahoochee River near Atlanta, Georgia, October 2000 through September 2008—Description, statistical analysis, and predictive modeling: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5037, xiv, 58 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125037.","productDescription":"xiv, 58 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2000-10-23","temporalEnd":"2008-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254600,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5037.jpg"},{"id":254595,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5037/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Cobb County","city":"Atlanta","otherGeospatial":"Chattahoochee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.80062103271484,\n 34.00457359375746\n ],\n [\n -83.42433929443357,\n 34.63292542249386\n ],\n [\n -83.53008270263669,\n 34.67302921203181\n ],\n [\n -83.67565155029295,\n 34.67415861524134\n ],\n [\n -83.74706268310545,\n 34.6244503086108\n ],\n [\n -83.77246856689452,\n 34.58093109811126\n ],\n [\n -84.41585540771483,\n 34.46778770509373\n ],\n [\n -84.65755462646483,\n 34.05920153948415\n ],\n [\n -85.10799407958982,\n 33.22691345261128\n ],\n [\n -85.36067962646483,\n 32.913891446880406\n ],\n [\n -85.37166595458982,\n 32.433005140150016\n ],\n [\n -85.63533782958982,\n 31.491627039818532\n ],\n [\n -85.92098236083983,\n 30.446009887036432\n ],\n [\n -85.80013275146482,\n 29.952257363232995\n ],\n [\n -85.32772064208983,\n 29.742618848931166\n ],\n [\n -85.27278900146482,\n 29.522981756190593\n ],\n [\n -85.05306243896482,\n 29.465606448299365\n ],\n [\n -84.814453125,\n 29.668962525992505\n ],\n [\n -84.61669921875,\n 29.6880527498568\n ],\n [\n -84.44091796875,\n 29.76437737516313\n ],\n [\n -84.44091796875,\n 30.012030680358613\n ],\n [\n -84.35302734375,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -84.2486572265625,\n 31.064698120353743\n ],\n [\n -83.84490966796875,\n 31.508312698943445\n ],\n [\n -83.7432861328125,\n 32.01972036197235\n ],\n [\n -83.84181976318358,\n 32.42141355642937\n ],\n [\n -84.49275970458984,\n 32.950775326763974\n ],\n [\n -84.51473236083982,\n 33.52966151776439\n ],\n [\n -83.80062103271484,\n 34.00457359375746\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4937e4b0b290850eefd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lawrence, Stephen J. slawrenc@usgs.gov","contributorId":1885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Stephen","email":"slawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70038138,"text":"ofr20121064 - 2012 - Preliminary assessment of channel stability and bed-material transport in the Coquille River basin, southwestern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-25T10:15:16","indexId":"ofr20121064","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1064","title":"Preliminary assessment of channel stability and bed-material transport in the Coquille River basin, southwestern Oregon","docAbstract":"This report summarizes a preliminary study of bed-material transport, vertical and lateral channel changes, and existing datasets for the Coquille River basin, which encompasses 2,745 km2 (square kilometers) of the southwestern Oregon coast. This study, conducted to inform permitting decisions regarding instream gravel mining, revealed that:
The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Hydro-Climatic Data Network (HCDN) is a subset of all USGS streamgages for which the streamflow primarily reflects prevailing meteorological conditions for specified years. These stations were screened to exclude sites where human activities, such as artificial diversions, storage, and other activities in the drainage basin or the stream channel, affect the natural flow of the watercourse. In addition, sites were included in the network because their record length was sufficiently long for analysis of patterns in streamflow over time. The purpose of the network is to provide a streamflow dataset suitable for analyzing hydrologic variations and trends in a climatic context. When originally published, the network was composed of 1,659 stations (Slack and Landwehr, 1992) for which the years of primarily \"natural\" flow were identified. Since then data from the HCDN have been widely used and cited in climate-related hydrologic investigations of the United States. The network has also served as a model for establishing climate-sensitive streamgage networks in other countries around the world.
\nAfter nearly two decades of use without undergoing a systematic revalidation, questions have arisen as to whether many of the original stations still maintain their climate-sensitive status or even remain operational, as some are known to have closed. Some watersheds had been altered to the point that stations no longer meet the minimal disturbance criteria set forth in the original HCDN report. In addition, some sites that did not qualify as HCDN sites in 1988 (the last year of data evaluation) because their records were too short now have sufficiently long streamflow records for climate-sensitivity studies. Accordingly, a review of the existing network was initiated in 2009 in order to drop old stations and add new ones as appropriate.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123047","usgsCitation":"Lins, H.F., 2012, USGS Hydro-Climatic Data Network 2009 (HCDN-2009): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3047, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123047.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":596,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3047.gif"},{"id":254550,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3047/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbb95e4b08c986b3286f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lins, Harry F. 0000-0001-5385-9247 hlins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5385-9247","contributorId":1505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lins","given":"Harry","email":"hlins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70193786,"text":"70193786 - 2012 - Site choice among Minnesota walleye anglers: The influence of resource conditions, regulations and catch orientation on Lake Preference","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T14:10:41","indexId":"70193786","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Site choice among Minnesota walleye anglers: The influence of resource conditions, regulations and catch orientation on Lake Preference","docAbstract":"Understanding angler site choice preferences is important in the management of recreational fisheries to forecast angling demand and effort. This study investigated lake choice by recreational anglers fishing for walleye Sander vitreus in Minnesota and examined how choices were influenced by lake characteristics, angler demographics, and angler catch orientation. We collected data through a stated choice preference experiment using a survey administered to a sample of Minnesota resident (n=1096) and nonresident (n=535) anglers. Multinomial probit choice models were used to estimate preferences in lake choice. Lake characteristics included walleye abundance, walleye size, bag limit, slot limit, and distance from primary residence. Models included (1) lake characteristics only, (2) lake characteristics and angler demographics, and (3) lake characteristics with angler demographics and catch orientation factors. The coefficients of lake attributes had expected signs with greater preference for higher walleye abundance, larger walleye, bigger bag limits, absence of slot limits, and less driving time from home (P<0.001 for all lake characteristics in the first model). Lake choice was influenced by the interaction of lake characteristics with age (negative with abundance of fish, P<0.100; positive with distance from home, P<0.001), metropolitan and out-of-state residency (positive with distance from home, P<0.001), and strength of preference for walleye (positive with distance, P<0.01). A stronger orientation to keep walleye was positively related to increased bag limits (P<0.001) and negatively related to slot limits (P<0.01). Study results have clear implications for managers—bag limits, relative to other lake characteristics, had a large influence on anglers’ lake choice for walleye fishing. Because of a stronger catch orientation among walleye anglers, low bag limits reduce lake preference. The results clarify the trade-offs that anglers make when selecting a place to fish for walleye and demonstrate how different management scenarios might influence angler participation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Informa UK ","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2012.675952","usgsCitation":"Carlin, C., Schroeder, S., and Fulton, D.C., 2012, Site choice among Minnesota walleye anglers: The influence of resource conditions, regulations and catch orientation on Lake Preference: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 32, no. 2, p. 299-312, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2012.675952.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"312","ipdsId":"IP-034031","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348468,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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dcf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5763-7887","contributorId":2208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"David","email":"dcf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70038103,"text":"ofr20121055 - 2012 - Protocols for collection of streamflow, water-quality, streambed-sediment, periphyton, macroinvertebrate, fish, and habitat data to describe stream quality for the Hydrobiological Monitoring Program, Equus Beds Aquifer Storage and Recovery Program, city of Wichita, Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:35","indexId":"ofr20121055","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1055","title":"Protocols for collection of streamflow, water-quality, streambed-sediment, periphyton, macroinvertebrate, fish, and habitat data to describe stream quality for the Hydrobiological Monitoring Program, Equus Beds Aquifer Storage and Recovery Program, city of Wichita, Kansas","docAbstract":"The city of Wichita, Kansas uses the Equus Beds aquifer, one of two sources, for municipal water supply. To meet future water needs, plans for artificial recharge of the aquifer have been implemented in several phases. Phase I of the Equus Beds Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Program began with injection of water from the Little Arkansas River into the aquifer for storage and subsequent recovery in 2006. Construction of a river intake structure and surface-water treatment plant began as implementation of Phase II of the Equus Beds ASR Program in 2010. An important aspect of the ASR Program is the monitoring of water quality and the effects of recharge activities on stream conditions. Physical, chemical, and biological data provide the basis for an integrated assessment of stream quality. This report describes protocols for collecting streamflow, water-quality, streambed-sediment, periphyton, macroinvertebrate, fish, and habitat data as part of the city of Wichita's hydrobiological monitoring program (HBMP). Following consistent and reliable methods for data collection and processing is imperative for the long-term success of the monitoring program.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121055","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the city of Wichita, Kansas","usgsCitation":"Stone, M.L., Rasmussen, T.J., Bennett, T.J., Poulton, B.C., and Ziegler, A., 2012, Protocols for collection of streamflow, water-quality, streambed-sediment, periphyton, macroinvertebrate, fish, and habitat data to describe stream quality for the Hydrobiological Monitoring Program, Equus Beds Aquifer Storage and Recovery Program, city of Wichita, Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1055, viii, 39 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121055.","productDescription":"viii, 39 p.; Appendices","startPage":"i","endPage":"55","numberOfPages":"63","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254548,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1055.gif"},{"id":254547,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1055/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","city":"Wichita","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8f85e4b0c8380cd7f7f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Mandy L. 0000-0002-6711-1536 mstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6711-1536","contributorId":4409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Mandy","email":"mstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rasmussen, Teresa J. 0000-0002-7023-3868 rasmuss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7023-3868","contributorId":3336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Teresa","email":"rasmuss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennett, Trudy J. trudyben@usgs.gov","contributorId":4218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Trudy","email":"trudyben@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":463449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Poulton, Barry C. 0000-0002-7219-4911 bpoulton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7219-4911","contributorId":2421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poulton","given":"Barry","email":"bpoulton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ziegler, Andrew C. aziegler@usgs.gov","contributorId":433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ziegler","given":"Andrew C.","email":"aziegler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":463446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70038085,"text":"ofr20111300 - 2012 - Total dissolved gas and water temperature in the lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, water year 2011: Quality-assurance data and comparison to water-quality standards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-27T17:46:43","indexId":"ofr20111300","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1300","title":"Total dissolved gas and water temperature in the lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, water year 2011: Quality-assurance data and comparison to water-quality standards","docAbstract":"Air is entrained in water as it is flows through the spillways of dams, which causes an increase in the concentration of total dissolved gas in the water downstream from the dams. The elevated concentrations of total dissolved gas can adversely affect fish and other freshwater aquatic life. An analysis of total-dissolved-gas and water-temperature data collected at eight monitoring stations on the lower Columbia River in Oregon and Washington in 2011 indicated the following:
\n