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,{"id":5221084,"text":"5221084 - 1971 - Occurrence of the Xantus' murrelet off the Oregon coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-27T13:25:57.697015","indexId":"5221084","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:52","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence of the Xantus' murrelet off the Oregon coast","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1365852","usgsCitation":"Scott, J.M., Butler, J., Pearcy, W., and Bertrand, G., 1971, Occurrence of the Xantus' murrelet off the Oregon coast: Condor, v. 73, no. 2, p. 254-254, https://doi.org/10.2307/1365852.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"254","endPage":"254","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197504,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -125.71946974909555,\n              46.74205791300582\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.71946974909555,\n              41.64247456197879\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.02806349909534,\n              41.64247456197879\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.02806349909534,\n              46.74205791300582\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.71946974909555,\n              46.74205791300582\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"73","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db6921a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, J. M.","contributorId":55766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butler, J.","contributorId":63500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pearcy, W.C.","contributorId":98837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearcy","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bertrand, G.A.","contributorId":82418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bertrand","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5222385,"text":"5222385 - 1971 - 'When in doubt, check it out'--A request for banders to look before they leap, or publish and perhaps perish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:41","indexId":"5222385","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:52","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1411,"text":"EBBA [Eastern Bird Banding Association] News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"'When in doubt, check it out'--A request for banders to look before they leap, or publish and perhaps perish","docAbstract":"If you have a recovery which is worthy of a note, it should be verified first with either the Banding Laboratory, where all the recovery letters are kept on file, or with the person who found the band.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"EBBA [Eastern Bird Banding Association] News","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Sharp, B., 1971, 'When in doubt, check it out'--A request for banders to look before they leap, or publish and perhaps perish: EBBA [Eastern Bird Banding Association] News, v. 34, no. 6.","productDescription":"298","startPage":"298","numberOfPages":"298","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199639,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b45bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sharp, Brian","contributorId":34606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharp","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5221054,"text":"5221054 - 1971 - Connoisseur of snails","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:50","indexId":"5221054","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:52","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1979,"text":"In-Sight (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Connoisseur of snails","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"In-Sight (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"In-sight has no volume or issue numbers.","usgsCitation":"Sykes, P., 1971, Connoisseur of snails: In-Sight (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service), no. October.","productDescription":"6","startPage":"6","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197438,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"October","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697d77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sykes, P.W. Jr.","contributorId":107385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sykes","given":"P.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5220177,"text":"5220177 - 1971 - Transcontinental mourning dove recovery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-18T12:48:03","indexId":"5220177","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:52","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transcontinental mourning dove recovery","docAbstract":"<p>A Mourning Dove (<i>Zenaida macroura</i>) banded in New York has been reported shot in California. On 25 August 1969, near Palmyra (43<span>°</span>00' N, 77<span>°</span>10' W), New York Department of Environmental Conservation personnel placed U. S. Fish &amp; Wildlife Service band 883-97279 on the leg of a hatching-year Mourning Dove of unknown sex. During the first weekend of the dove season in September 1970, Stan Solus (P.O. Box 594, Seiad Valley, California) recovered the band from a dove he shot in the Shasta Valley, Siskiyou County, California (41<span>°</span>30' N, 122<span>°</span>20' W). As Mr. Solus included the band with his reporting letter and, in response to my asking him for verification, reaffirmed his original information, the recovery has been accepted as authentic.</p><p> I suggest this vagrancy may be explained by assuming that the inexperienced New York bird got emotionally involved with a western bird with which it shared winter quarters, perhaps in Mexico, and thus the following year ended up a flower child in California.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4083853","usgsCitation":"Sharp, B., 1971, Transcontinental mourning dove recovery: The Auk, v. 88, no. 4, p. 924-924, https://doi.org/10.2307/4083853.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"924","endPage":"924","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503140,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/auk/vol88/iss4/25","text":"External Repository"},{"id":193761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db626ece","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sharp, Brian","contributorId":81543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sharp","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5222147,"text":"5222147 - 1971 - Seventy-first Christmas bird count.  303.  Little Creek, Va","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:36","indexId":"5222147","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:52","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":708,"text":"American Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seventy-first Christmas bird count.  303.  Little Creek, Va","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Sykes, P., 1971, Seventy-first Christmas bird count.  303.  Little Creek, Va: American Birds, v. 25, no. 2, p. 256-257.","productDescription":"256-257","startPage":"256","endPage":"257","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201716,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4b97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sykes, P. Jr.","contributorId":75653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sykes","given":"P.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5221487,"text":"5221487 - 1971 - Seventy-first Christmas bird count.  291.  Back Bay National Wildlife Refuge, Va","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:48","indexId":"5221487","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:52","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":708,"text":"American Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seventy-first Christmas bird count.  291.  Back Bay National Wildlife Refuge, Va","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Sykes, P., 1971, Seventy-first Christmas bird count.  291.  Back Bay National Wildlife Refuge, Va: American Birds, v. 25, no. 2, p. 250-251.","productDescription":"250-251","startPage":"250","endPage":"251","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196646,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f51fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sykes, P. Jr.","contributorId":75653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sykes","given":"P.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5220153,"text":"5220153 - 1971 - Aquatic weed problems in estuarine areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:37","indexId":"5220153","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:52","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1917,"text":"Hyacinth Control Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aquatic weed problems in estuarine areas","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hyacinth Control Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Steenis, J., 1971, Aquatic weed problems in estuarine areas: Hyacinth Control Journal, v. 9, no. 1, p. 25-26.","productDescription":"25-26","startPage":"25","endPage":"26","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db67a016","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steenis, J.H.","contributorId":73694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steenis","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5220246,"text":"5220246 - 1971 - Stilts nest at Little Creek","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:37","indexId":"5220246","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:52","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":919,"text":"Atlantic Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stilts nest at Little Creek","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Atlantic Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Samson, F.B., and Longcore, J.R., 1971, Stilts nest at Little Creek: Atlantic Naturalist, v. 26, no. 1, p. 37-38.","productDescription":"37-38","startPage":"37","endPage":"38","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193718,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4353","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Samson, F. B.","contributorId":77880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samson","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longcore, J. R. 0000-0003-4898-5438","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-5438","contributorId":43835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5222371,"text":"5222371 - 1971 - Thirty-fifth breeding- bird census: 1. Hickory-oak-ash floodplain forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:37","indexId":"5222371","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:52","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":708,"text":"American Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thirty-fifth breeding- bird census: 1. Hickory-oak-ash floodplain forest","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1971, Thirty-fifth breeding- bird census: 1. Hickory-oak-ash floodplain forest: American Birds, v. 25, no. 6, p. 963-964.","productDescription":"963-964","startPage":"963","endPage":"964","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c14d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5222372,"text":"5222372 - 1971 - Thirty-fifth breeding bird census: 10. Upland tulip-tree_maple-oak forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:37","indexId":"5222372","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:52","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":708,"text":"American Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thirty-fifth breeding bird census: 10. Upland tulip-tree_maple-oak forest","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1971, Thirty-fifth breeding bird census: 10. Upland tulip-tree_maple-oak forest: American Birds, v. 25, no. 6.","productDescription":"971","startPage":"971","numberOfPages":"971","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199493,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c0b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5221949,"text":"5221949 - 1971 - Winter bird survey of Central Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:48","indexId":"5221949","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:51","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2687,"text":"Maryland Birdlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Winter bird survey of Central Maryland","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Maryland Birdlife","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1971, Winter bird survey of Central Maryland: Maryland Birdlife, v. 27, no. 1, p. 31-38.","productDescription":"31-38","startPage":"31","endPage":"38","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196528,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e495ae4b07f02db59791f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5220191,"text":"5220191 - 1971 - The season - January, February, March, 1971","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:41","indexId":"5220191","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:51","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2687,"text":"Maryland Birdlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The season - January, February, March, 1971","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Maryland Birdlife","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1971, The season - January, February, March, 1971: Maryland Birdlife, v. 27, no. 2, p. 73-78.","productDescription":"73-78","startPage":"73","endPage":"78","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194021,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abd36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5220192,"text":"5220192 - 1971 - The season - April, May, June, 1971","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:41","indexId":"5220192","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:51","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2687,"text":"Maryland Birdlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The season - April, May, June, 1971","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Maryland Birdlife","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1971, The season - April, May, June, 1971: Maryland Birdlife, v. 27, no. 3, p. 139-149.","productDescription":"139-149","startPage":"139","endPage":"149","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194022,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640d19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5220396,"text":"5220396 - 1971 - Great Dismal Swamp mammals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-24T18:21:12.219318","indexId":"5220396","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:51","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":919,"text":"Atlantic Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Great Dismal Swamp mammals","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Atlantic Naturalist","usgsCitation":"Meanley, B., 1971, Great Dismal Swamp mammals: Atlantic Naturalist, v. 26, no. 1, p. 17-18.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"18","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194084,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Great Dismal Swamp","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.5911865234375,\n              36.42570252039198\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.3275146484375,\n              36.42570252039198\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.3275146484375,\n              36.785091795976946\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.5911865234375,\n              36.785091795976946\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.5911865234375,\n              36.42570252039198\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671eb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meanley, B.","contributorId":43867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meanley","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5220397,"text":"5220397 - 1971 - Additional notes on pre-nesting and nesting behavior of the Swainson's warbler","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-25T13:49:23.286288","indexId":"5220397","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:51","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Additional notes on pre-nesting and nesting behavior of the Swainson's warbler","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Meanley, B., 1971, Additional notes on pre-nesting and nesting behavior of the Swainson's warbler: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 83, no. 2.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"194","numberOfPages":"194","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16138,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4160075","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"83","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699ae6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meanley, B.","contributorId":43867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meanley","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5221759,"text":"5221759 - 1971 - Organochlorine pesticide residues in woodcock, soils and earthworms in Louisiana, 1965","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-20T13:06:40","indexId":"5221759","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:51","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3038,"text":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","onlineIssn":" 0031-615","printIssn":" 0031-615","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine pesticide residues in woodcock, soils and earthworms in Louisiana, 1965","docAbstract":"Woodcock (Philohela minor), earthworms, and soil samples were collected from January-March 1965, from fields in southeastern Louisiana approximately 3 years after discontinuance of areal treatments with heptachlor in this region.  Heptachlor epoxide residues in woodcock averaged 0.42 ppm (dry weight), conspicuously lower than in 1961 and 1962.  Residues of DDE in woodcock averaged 3.62 pprn, higher than in birds taken in the same area in 1961-62.  Earthworms and soils contained traces of several organochlorine pesticides.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"McLane, M.A., Stickel, L., and Newsom, J., 1971, Organochlorine pesticide residues in woodcock, soils and earthworms in Louisiana, 1965: Pesticides Monitoring Journal, v. 5, no. 3, p. 248-250.","productDescription":"248-250","startPage":"248","endPage":"250","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196588,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269750,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26094740"}],"volume":"5","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a893","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLane, M. Anne Ross","contributorId":107799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLane","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Anne Ross","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stickel, L.F.","contributorId":41095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stickel","given":"L.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Newsom, J.D.","contributorId":47484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newsom","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5221237,"text":"5221237 - 1971 - DDE thins eggshells and lowers reproductive success of captive black ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-01T11:42:38.672968","indexId":"5221237","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:51","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"DDE thins eggshells and lowers reproductive success of captive black ducks","docAbstract":"Eggs of captive black ducks fed diets containing DDE at 10 and 30 ppm (dry weight) experienced significant shell thinning and an increase in shell cracking when compared to eggs of untreated black ducks.  Eggshells from dosed ducks were: 18-24 percent thinner at the equator than shells from undosed ducks; 28-31 percent thinner at the cap; and 29-38 percent thinner at the apex.  Shell cracking averaged 21 percent among eggs fram the 30 ppm DDE dosage and 10 percent among eggs from the 10 ppm dosage.  Only 2 percent of the eggs from untreated black ducks were cracked.  Survival of ducklings fram dosed parents in terms of 'percentage of 21-day ducklings of embryonated eggs' was 40-76 percent lower than survival of ducklings from undosed parents.  Average DDE residues (wet weight) in eggs from hens fed 10 and 30 ppm DDE were 46 ppm and 144 ppm, respectively.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01796852","usgsCitation":"Longcore, J.R., Samson, F.B., and Whittendale, T., 1971, DDE thins eggshells and lowers reproductive success of captive black ducks: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 6, no. 6, p. 485-490, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01796852.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"485","endPage":"490","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193482,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67eb0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Longcore, J. R. 0000-0003-4898-5438","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-5438","contributorId":43835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Samson, F. B.","contributorId":77880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samson","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whittendale, T.W. Jr.","contributorId":16520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whittendale","given":"T.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5221236,"text":"5221236 - 1971 - Semiquantitative determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in tissue samples by thin layer chromatography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-03T16:02:27.884081","indexId":"5221236","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:51","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2533,"text":"Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Semiquantitative determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in tissue samples by thin layer chromatography","docAbstract":"<p><span>A method is described for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) compounds in tissue samples. Cleanup by hexane-acetonitrile partitioning and Florisil column chromatography are performed on samples before oxidative treatment to convert DDE to DCBP. PCB components are then determined semi-quantitatively by TLC. No prior separation of PCB from chlorinated pesticides is required. The lower limit of sensitivity is 0.2&nbsp;</span><i>μ</i><span>g.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jaoac/54.3.548","usgsCitation":"Mulhern, B., Cromartie, E., Reichel, W.L., and Belisle, A.A., 1971, Semiquantitative determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in tissue samples by thin layer chromatography: Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, v. 54, no. 3, p. 548-550, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/54.3.548.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"548","endPage":"550","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197361,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-02-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4e30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mulhern, B.M.","contributorId":98683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulhern","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cromartie, E.","contributorId":13926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cromartie","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reichel, W. L.","contributorId":50482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reichel","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belisle, A. A.","contributorId":77897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belisle","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5220189,"text":"5220189 - 1971 - The season - October, November, December, 1970","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:41","indexId":"5220189","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:51","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2687,"text":"Maryland Birdlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The season - October, November, December, 1970","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Maryland Birdlife","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1971, The season - October, November, December, 1970: Maryland Birdlife, v. 27, no. 1, p. 42-50.","productDescription":"42-50","startPage":"42","endPage":"50","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194019,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ce4b07f02db63ebcc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5220190,"text":"5220190 - 1971 - The season - July, August, September, 1971","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:41","indexId":"5220190","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:51","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2687,"text":"Maryland Birdlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The season - July, August, September, 1971","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Maryland Birdlife","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1971, The season - July, August, September, 1971: Maryland Birdlife, v. 27, no. 4, p. 186-193.","productDescription":"186-193","startPage":"186","endPage":"193","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640c28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5220591,"text":"5220591 - 1971 - Blood parasites of wood ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-13T20:16:50.624524","indexId":"5220591","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:50","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Blood parasites of wood ducks","docAbstract":"<p>Examination of blood films from wood ducks (<i>Aix sponsa</i>) from several northeastern states revealed <i>Haemoproteus</i>, <i>Leucocytozoon</i>, <i>Plasmodium</i> and a typanosome. <i>Haemoproteus</i> occurred in all areas sampled and birds of the year from Massachusetts demonstrated the highest incidence during the last 2 weeks in August. <i>Leucocytozoon</i> was most prevalent in more northern areas. <i>P. circumflexum</i> and a trypanosome are reported for the first time from this host.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3799879","usgsCitation":"Herman, C.M., Knisley, J.O., and Knipling, G.D., 1971, Blood parasites of wood ducks: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 35, no. 1, p. 119-122, https://doi.org/10.2307/3799879.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"122","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16125,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3799879","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States ","state":"Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, Vermont ","otherGeospatial":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": 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M.","contributorId":101335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knisley, J. O. Jr.","contributorId":103755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knisley","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knipling, G. D.","contributorId":23654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knipling","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5220467,"text":"5220467 - 1971 - Thirty-fifth breeding-bird census. 47.  Powerline right-of-way","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:39","indexId":"5220467","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:50","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":708,"text":"American Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thirty-fifth breeding-bird census. 47.  Powerline right-of-way","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Census taken in Maryland.","usgsCitation":"Longcore, J.R., 1971, Thirty-fifth breeding-bird census. 47.  Powerline right-of-way: American Birds, v. 25, no. 6, p. 997-999.","productDescription":"997-999","startPage":"997","endPage":"999","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193838,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c38c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Longcore, J. R. 0000-0003-4898-5438","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-5438","contributorId":43835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5221241,"text":"5221241 - 1971 - The occurrence and significance of polychlorinated biphenyls in the environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:49","indexId":"5221241","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:50","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3638,"text":"Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The occurrence and significance of polychlorinated biphenyls in the environment","docAbstract":"SUMMARY:    Polychlorinated biphenyls constitute a group of chlorine-bearing compounds of industrial origin that have permeated the natural environment throughout the world.      Their chemical structure resembles that of some of the organochlorine pesticides. They are troublesome interferences in gas chromatographic analysis of these pesticides. Although methods have been developed to overcome analytical problems, measurements of quantity still are only approximate.      Special studies in the United States, Netherlands, and Great Britain have traced PCB's to industrial effluent, but other possible sources have not been followed. Their use in paints, cartons, and insulating fluids suggests that environmental pollution may be from many different sources.      PCB's are present in fish and wildlife in many countries of the world. Quantities are higher in animals living near industrial areas. PCB's build up in biological food chains with increases of tens to thousands of times from lower to higher organisms.      Experimental studies have shown that PCB's have a toxicity to mallards, pheasants, bobwhite quail, coturnix quail, red-winged blackbirds, starlings, cowbirds, and grackles that is of the same order as the toxicity of DDE to these species. Overt signs of poisoning also are similar to those caused by compounds of the DDT group. Toxic effects of DDE and Aroclor 1254 to coturnix chicks were additive, but not synergistic.      PCB's containing higher percentages of chlorine are more toxic to birds than those containing lower percentages. PCB's of foreign manufacture contained contaminants to an extent that greatly increased their toxicity     Aroclor 1242.      Statistical evaluations of the role that different chemicals may play in thinning of eggshells of brown pelicans show that DDE residues correlate better with shell thinning than do residues of dieldrin or PCB's.      Studies of the effects of PCB's in the environment are as yet insufficient for well-rounded conclusions. The evidence available indicates that they must be viewed as potential problems until fuller data can be assembled.  Toxicity to insects of PCB's of different degrees of chlorination is the reverse of the pattern in birds: the lower chlorinations are more toxic to insects. PCB's enhanced the toxicity of dieldrin and DDT to insects.      Shrimp are very sensitive to PCB's and most will die as a result of 20-day exposure to a concentration of 5 ppb. PCB's also inhibit shell growth of oysters. Fish and crabs are less sensitive; all accumulate residues to many times the concentrations in the water, and a test with crabs showed that they lost the residues very slowly.      Residues of PCB's in the brains of birds killed by these compounds measure in the hundreds of parts per million. PCB's may have contributed to mortality of some birds in the field.      PCB's induce microsomal enzyme activity in birds and mammals and the lower chlorinated mixtures have estrogenic activity in rats.      Exposure to PCB's increased the susceptibility of mallard ducklings to duck hepatitis virus.  Offspring of pheasants whose parents received high dosages of PCB's made poor choices in visual cliff tests. Egg production and hatching after pipping also were affected.      Long-term studies of the reproductive effects of Aroclor 1254 on mallards and bobwhite quail and of Aroclor 1254 plus DDE on quail showed no significant differences from controls. In studies of chickens, however, egg production, hatchability, and shell thickness were impaired by high doses of Aroclor 1254 and by low doses of Aroclor 1242.      Statistical evaluations of the role that different chemicals may play in thinning of eggshells of brown pelicans show that DDE residues correlate better with shell thinning than do residues of dieldrin or PCB's.      Studies of the effects of PCB's in the environment are as yet insufficient for well-rounded conclusions. The evidence available indicates that they must be","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"1339_Dustman.pdf","usgsCitation":"Dustman, E.H., Stickel, L., Blus, L.J., Reichel, W.L., and Wiemeyer, S.N., 1971, The occurrence and significance of polychlorinated biphenyls in the environment: Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference, v. 36, p. 118-131.","productDescription":"118-131","startPage":"118","endPage":"131","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197327,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b46f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dustman, E. H.","contributorId":12579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dustman","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stickel, L.F.","contributorId":41095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stickel","given":"L.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blus, L. J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reichel, W. L.","contributorId":50482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reichel","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wiemeyer, Stanley N.","contributorId":78279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiemeyer","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5220529,"text":"5220529 - 1971 - Heartworm...the detection, treatment, and control","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:33","indexId":"5220529","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:50","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3210,"text":"Pure-Bred Dogs, American Kennel Gazette","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heartworm...the detection, treatment, and control","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure-Bred Dogs, American Kennel Gazette","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Kocan, R.M., 1971, Heartworm...the detection, treatment, and control: Pure-Bred Dogs, American Kennel Gazette, v. 88, p. 12-15.","productDescription":"12-15","startPage":"12","endPage":"15","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63d4ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kocan, R. M.","contributorId":41783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocan","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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