{"pageNumber":"635","pageRowStart":"15850","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40807,"records":[{"id":70048385,"text":"70048385 - 2013 - Characterizing and estimating noise in InSAR and InSAR time series with MODIS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-24T16:50:46","indexId":"70048385","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T11:50:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing and estimating noise in InSAR and InSAR time series with MODIS","docAbstract":"InSAR time series analysis is increasingly used to image subcentimeter displacement rates of the ground surface. The precision of InSAR observations is often affected by several noise sources, including spatially correlated noise from the turbulent atmosphere. Under ideal scenarios, InSAR time series techniques can substantially mitigate these effects; however, in practice the temporal distribution of InSAR acquisitions over much of the world exhibit seasonal biases, long temporal gaps, and insufficient acquisitions to confidently obtain the precisions desired for tectonic research. Here, we introduce a technique for constraining the magnitude of errors expected from atmospheric phase delays on the ground displacement rates inferred from an InSAR time series using independent observations of precipitable water vapor from MODIS. We implement a Monte Carlo error estimation technique based on multiple (100+) MODIS-based time series that sample date ranges close to the acquisitions times of the available SAR imagery. This stochastic approach allows evaluation of the significance of signals present in the final time series product, in particular their correlation with topography and seasonality. We find that topographically correlated noise in individual interferograms is not spatially stationary, even over short-spatial scales (<10 km). Overall, MODIS-inferred displacements and velocities exhibit errors of similar magnitude to the variability within an InSAR time series. We examine the MODIS-based confidence bounds in regions with a range of inferred displacement rates, and find we are capable of resolving velocities as low as 1.5 mm/yr with uncertainties increasing to ∼6 mm/yr in regions with higher topographic relief.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ggge.20258","usgsCitation":"Barnhart, W.D., and Lohman, R.B., 2013, Characterizing and estimating noise in InSAR and InSAR time series with MODIS: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 14, no. 10, p. 4121-4132, https://doi.org/10.1002/ggge.20258.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"4121","endPage":"4132","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-051050","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473501,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ggge.20258","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280998,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ggge.20258"},{"id":280999,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","volume":"14","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd50c3e4b0b290850f3882","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnhart, William D. wbarnhart@usgs.gov","contributorId":5299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"William","email":"wbarnhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lohman, Rowena B.","contributorId":36050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohman","given":"Rowena","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70059279,"text":"70059279 - 2013 - Integrating complexity into data-driven multi-hazard supply chain network strategies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-02T11:53:04","indexId":"70059279","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T11:47:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Integrating complexity into data-driven multi-hazard supply chain network strategies","docAbstract":"<p>Major strategies in the wake of a large-scale disaster have focused on short-term emergency response solutions. Few consider medium-to-long-term restoration strategies that reconnect urban areas to the national supply chain networks (SCN) and their supporting infrastructure. To re-establish this connectivity, the relationships within the SCN must be defined and formulated as a model of a complex adaptive system (CAS). A CAS model is a representation of a system that consists of large numbers of inter-connections, demonstrates non-linear behaviors and emergent properties, and responds to stimulus from its environment. CAS modeling is an effective method of managing complexities associated with SCN restoration after large-scale disasters. In order to populate the data space large data sets are required. Currently access to these data is hampered by proprietary restrictions. The aim of this paper is to identify the data required to build a SCN restoration model, look at the inherent problems associated with these data, and understand the complexity that arises due to integration of these data.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the ASPRS\\CaGIS 2013 Specialty Conference","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the ASPRS\\CaGIS 2013 Specialty Conference","conferenceDate":"2013-10-30T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"San Antonio, TX","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Long, S., Shoberg, T.G., Ramachandran, V., Corns, S.M., and Carlo, H.J., 2013, Integrating complexity into data-driven multi-hazard supply chain network strategies.","ipdsId":"IP-051597","costCenters":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289376,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280456,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://info.asprs.org/publications/proceedings/SanAntonio2013/index.htm"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b7b18de4b0388651d917c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, Suzanna K.","contributorId":42139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Suzanna K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shoberg, Thomas G. 0000-0003-0173-1246 tshoberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0173-1246","contributorId":3764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoberg","given":"Thomas","email":"tshoberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramachandran, Varun","contributorId":71481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramachandran","given":"Varun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Corns, Steven M.","contributorId":77458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corns","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carlo, Hector J.","contributorId":95805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlo","given":"Hector","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70147937,"text":"70147937 - 2013 - Links between climate change, water-table depth, and water chemistry in a mineralized mountain watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-11T10:45:24","indexId":"70147937","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Links between climate change, water-table depth, and water chemistry in a mineralized mountain watershed","docAbstract":"<p>Recent studies suggest that climate change is causing rising solute concentrations in mountain lakes and streams. These changes may be more pronounced in mineralized watersheds due to the sensitivity of sulfide weathering to changes in subsurface oxygen transport. Specific causal mechanisms linking climate change and accelerated weathering rates have been proposed, but in general remain entirely hypothetical. For mineralized watersheds, a favored hypothesis is that falling water tables caused by declining recharge rates allow an increasing volume of sulfide-bearing rock to become exposed to air, thus oxygen. Here, we test the hypothesis that falling water tables are the primary cause of an increase in metals and SO4 (100-400%) observed since 1980 in the Upper Snake River (USR), Colorado. The USR drains an alpine watershed geologically and climatologically representative of many others in mineralized areas of the western U.S. Hydrologic and chemical data collected from 2005 to 2011 in a deep monitoring well (WP1) at the top of the USR watershed are utilized. During this period, both water table depths and groundwater SO4 concentrations have generally increased in the well. A numerical model was constructed using TOUGHREACT that simulates pyrite oxidation near WP1, including groundwater flow and oxygen transport in both saturated and unsaturated zones. The modeling suggests that a falling water table could produce an increase in metals and SO4 of a magnitude similar to that observed in the USR (up to 300%). Future water table declines may produce limited increases in sulfide weathering high in the watershed because of the water table dropping below the depth of oxygen penetration, but may continue to enhance sulfide weathering lower in the watershed where water tables are shallower. Advective air (oxygen) transport in the unsaturated zone caused by seasonally variable recharge and associated water table fluctuations was found to have little influence on pyrite oxidation rates near WP1. However, this mechanism could be important in the case of a shallow dynamic water table and more abundant/reactive sulfides in the shallow subsurface. Data from WP1 and numerical modeling results are thus consistent with the falling water table hypothesis, and illustrate fundamental processes linking climate and sulfide weathering in mineralized watersheds.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.07.002","usgsCitation":"Manning, A.H., Verplanck, P.L., Caine, J.S., and Todd, A.S., 2013, Links between climate change, water-table depth, and water chemistry in a mineralized mountain watershed: Applied Geochemistry, v. 37, p. 64-78, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.07.002.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"64","endPage":"78","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044072","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300277,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5551d2b6e4b0a92fa7e93bf2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manning, Andrew H. 0000-0002-6404-1237 amanning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-1237","contributorId":1305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Andrew","email":"amanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Verplanck, Philip L. 0000-0002-3653-6419 plv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"Philip","email":"plv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caine, Jonathan S. 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":1272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Todd, Andrew S. atodd@usgs.gov","contributorId":1022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"Andrew","email":"atodd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70073720,"text":"70073720 - 2013 - The innate immune response may be important for surviving plague in wild Gunnison's prairie dogs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-26T15:26:14","indexId":"70073720","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T11:40:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The innate immune response may be important for surviving plague in wild Gunnison's prairie dogs","docAbstract":"<p>Prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.) are highly susceptible to Yersinia pestis, with &ge;99% mortality reported from multiple studies of plague epizootics. A colony of Gunnison's prairie dogs (Cynomys gunnisoni) in the Aubrey Valley (AV) of northern Arizona appears to have survived several regional epizootics of plague, whereas nearby colonies have been severely affected by Y. pestis. To examine potential mechanisms accounting for survival in the AV colony, we conducted a laboratory Y. pestis challenge experiment on 60 wild-caught prairie dogs from AV and from a nearby, large colony with frequent past outbreaks of plague, Espee (n = 30 per colony). Test animals were challenged subcutaneously with the fully virulent Y. pestis strain CO92 at three doses: 50, 5,000, and 50,000 colony-forming units (cfu); this range is lethal in black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus). Contrary to our expectations, only 40% of the animals died. Although mortality trended higher in the Espee colony (50%) compared with AV (30%), the differences among infectious doses were not statistically significant. Only 39% of the survivors developed moderate to high antibody levels to Y. pestis, indicating that mechanisms other than humoral immunity are important in resistance to plague. The ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes was not correlated with plague survival in this study. However, several immune proteins with roles in innate immunity (VCAM-1, CXCL-1, and vWF) were upregulated during plague infection and warrant further inquiry into their role for protection against this disease. These results suggest plague resistance exists in wild populations of the Gunnison's prairie dog and provide important directions for future studies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/2012-08-209","usgsCitation":"Busch, J.D., Van Andel, R., Stone, N.E., Cobble, K.R., Nottingham, R., Lee, J., VerSteeg, M., Corcoran, J., Cordova, J., Van Pelt, W.E., Shuey, M., Foster, J., Schupp, J., Beckstrom-Sternberg, S., Beckstrom-Sternberg, J., Keim, P., Smith, S., Rodriguez-Ramos, J., Williamson, J.L., Rocke, T.E., and Wagner, D.M., 2013, The innate immune response may be important for surviving plague in wild Gunnison's prairie dogs: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 49, no. 4, p. 920-931, https://doi.org/10.7589/2012-08-209.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"920","endPage":"931","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045046","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281370,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281369,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.7589/2012-08-209"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Coconino County","otherGeospatial":"Aubrey Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.3527,34.4835 ], [ -113.3527,35.4656 ], [ -112.1842,35.4656 ], [ -112.1842,34.4835 ], [ -113.3527,34.4835 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"49","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd781be4b0b2908510bf04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Busch, Joseph D.","contributorId":44052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Busch","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":489087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Andel, Roger","contributorId":95799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Andel","given":"Roger","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stone, Nathan E.","contributorId":52075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cobble, Kacy R.","contributorId":38438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cobble","given":"Kacy","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nottingham, Roxanne","contributorId":89056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nottingham","given":"Roxanne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lee, Judy","contributorId":48479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Judy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"VerSteeg, Michael","contributorId":102382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VerSteeg","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Corcoran, Jeff","contributorId":101184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corcoran","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cordova, Jennifer","contributorId":73496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cordova","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Van Pelt, William E.","contributorId":101558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Pelt","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Shuey, Megan M.","contributorId":51200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shuey","given":"Megan M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Foster, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":8744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Jeffrey T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Schupp, James M.","contributorId":36455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schupp","given":"James M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Beckstrom-Sternberg, Stephen","contributorId":96588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beckstrom-Sternberg","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Beckstrom-Sternberg, James","contributorId":62519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beckstrom-Sternberg","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Keim, Paul","contributorId":93010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keim","given":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":489094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Smith, Susan","contributorId":41332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Susan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Rodriguez-Ramos, Julia","contributorId":105642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez-Ramos","given":"Julia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Williamson, Judy L. 0000-0001-7110-1632 jwilliamson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7110-1632","contributorId":3647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Judy","email":"jwilliamson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Wagner, David M.","contributorId":8737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagner","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":489082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21}]}}
,{"id":70074336,"text":"70074336 - 2013 - Multivariate analysis of ATR-FTIR spectra for assessment of oil shale organic geochemical properties","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-29T11:29:18","indexId":"70074336","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T11:27:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multivariate analysis of ATR-FTIR spectra for assessment of oil shale organic geochemical properties","docAbstract":"In this study, attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was coupled with partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis to relate spectral data to parameters from total organic carbon (TOC) analysis and programmed pyrolysis to assess the feasibility of developing predictive models to estimate important organic geochemical parameters. The advantage of ATR-FTIR over traditional analytical methods is that source rocks can be analyzed in the laboratory or field in seconds, facilitating more rapid and thorough screening than would be possible using other tools. ATR-FTIR spectra, TOC concentrations and Rock–Eval parameters were measured for a set of oil shales from deposits around the world and several pyrolyzed oil shale samples. PLSR models were developed to predict the measured geochemical parameters from infrared spectra. Application of the resulting models to a set of test spectra excluded from the training set generated accurate predictions of TOC and most Rock–Eval parameters. The critical region of the infrared spectrum for assessing S1, S2, Hydrogen Index and TOC consisted of aliphatic organic moieties (2800–3000 cm<sup>−1</sup>) and the models generated a better correlation with measured values of TOC and S2 than did integrated aliphatic peak areas. The results suggest that combining ATR-FTIR with PLSR is a reliable approach for estimating useful geochemical parameters of oil shales that is faster and requires less sample preparation than current screening methods.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Organic Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.07.007","usgsCitation":"Washburn, K.E., and Birdwell, J.E., 2013, Multivariate analysis of ATR-FTIR spectra for assessment of oil shale organic geochemical properties: Organic Geochemistry, v. 63, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.07.007.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-045241","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281649,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281639,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.07.007"}],"volume":"63","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd686ee4b0b2908510209f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Washburn, Kathryn E.","contributorId":76644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Washburn","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7152,"text":"Weatherford International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":489513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70046836,"text":"70046836 - 2013 - A multilocus evaluation of ermine (<i>Mustela erminea</i>) across the Holarctic, testing hypotheses of Pleistocene diversification in response to climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:10:59","indexId":"70046836","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T11:13:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multilocus evaluation of ermine (<i>Mustela erminea</i>) across the Holarctic, testing hypotheses of Pleistocene diversification in response to climate change","docAbstract":"Aim: \nWe examined data for ermine (Mustela erminea) to test two sets of diversification hypotheses concerning the number and location of late Pleistocene refugia, the timing and mode of diversification, and the evolutionary influence of insularization.\n\nLocation: \nTemperate and sub-Arctic Northern Hemisphere.\n\nMethods: \nWe used up to two mitochondrial and four nuclear loci from 237 specimens for statistical phylogeographical and demographic analyses. Coalescent species-tree estimation used a Bayesian approach for clade divergence based on external mutation rate calibrations. Approximate Bayesian methods were used to assess population size, timing of divergence and gene flow.\n\nResults: \nLimited structure coupled with evidence of population growth across broad regions, including previously ice-covered areas, indicated expansion from multiple centres of differentiation, but high endemism along the North Pacific coast (NPC). A bifurcating model of diversification with recent growth spanning three glacial cycles best explained the empirical data.\n\nMain conclusions: \nA newly identified clade in North America indicated a fourth refugial area for ermine. The shallow coalescence of all extant ermine reflects a recent history of diversification overlying a deeper fossil record. Post-glacial colonization has led to potential contact zones for multiple lineages in north-western North America. A model of diversification of ermine accompanied by recent gene flow was marginally less well supported than a model of divergence of major clades in response to the most recent glacial cycles.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Biogeography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jbi.12221","usgsCitation":"Dawson, N., Hope, A.G., Talbot, S.L., and Cook, J.A., 2013, A multilocus evaluation of ermine (<i>Mustela erminea</i>) across the Holarctic, testing hypotheses of Pleistocene diversification in response to climate change: Journal of Biogeography, v. 41, no. 3, p. 464-475, https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12221.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"464","endPage":"475","ipdsId":"IP-048873","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473502,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12221","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280864,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280862,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12221"}],"volume":"41","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4a20e4b0b290850ef950","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dawson, Natalie G.","contributorId":27781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Natalie G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hope, Andrew G. 0000-0003-3814-2891 ahope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3814-2891","contributorId":4309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hope","given":"Andrew","email":"ahope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cook, Joseph A.","contributorId":8323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":480421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70044590,"text":"70044590 - 2013 - Social-ecological predictors of global invasions and extinctions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-14T11:18:53","indexId":"70044590","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T11:13:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1468,"text":"Ecology and Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Social-ecological predictors of global invasions and extinctions","docAbstract":"Most assessments of resilience have been focused on local conditions. Studies focused on the relationship between humanity and environmental degradation are rare, and are rarely comprehensive. We investigated multiple social-ecological factors for 100 countries around the globe in relation to the percentage of invasions and extinctions within each country. These 100 countries contain approximately 87% of the world’s population, produce 43% of the world’s per capita gross domestic product (GDP), and take up 74% of the earth’s total land area. We used an information theoretic approach to determine which models were most supported by our data, utilizing an a priori set of plausible models that included a combination of 15 social-ecological variables, each social-ecological factor by itself, and selected social-ecological factors grouped into three broad classes. These variables were per capita GDP, export-import ratio, tourism, undernourishment, energy efficiency, agricultural intensity, rainfall, water stress, wilderness protection, total biodiversity, life expectancy, adult literacy, pesticide regulation, political stability, and female participation in government. Our results indicate that as total biodiversity and total land area increase, the percentage of endangered birds also increases. As the independent variables (agricultural intensity, rainfall, water stress, and total biodiversity) in the ecological class model increase, the percentage of endangered mammals in a country increases. The percentage of invasive birds and mammals in a country increases as per capita GDP increases. As life expectancy increases, the percentage of invasive and endangered birds and mammals increases. Although our analysis does not determine mechanisms, the patterns observed in this study provide insight into the dynamics of a complex, global, social-ecological system.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology and Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.5751/ES-05550-180315","usgsCitation":"Lotz, A., and Allen, C.R., 2013, Social-ecological predictors of global invasions and extinctions: Ecology and Society, v. 18, no. 3, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-05550-180315.","productDescription":"15 p.","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-041216","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5751/es-05550-180315","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":279074,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":279073,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-05550-180315"}],"volume":"18","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"528607a4e4b00926c21865b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lotz, Aaron","contributorId":105211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lotz","given":"Aaron","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70047293,"text":"70047293 - 2013 - Evaluation of potential gas clogging associated with managed aquifer recharge from a spreading basin, southwestern Utah, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-03T15:04:27","indexId":"70047293","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T11:04:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Evaluation of potential gas clogging associated with managed aquifer recharge from a spreading basin, southwestern Utah, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p>Sand Hollow Reservoir in southwestern Utah, USA, is operated for both surface-water storage and managed aquifer recharge via infiltration from surface basin spreading to the underlying Navajo Sandstone. The total volume of estimated recharge from 2002 through 2011 was 131 Mm<sup>3</sup>., resulting in groundwater levels rising as much as 40 m. Hydraulic and hydrochemical data from the reservoir and various monitoring wells in Sand Hollow were used to evaluate the timing and location or reservoir recharge moving through the aquifer, along either potential clogging from trapped gases in pore throats, siltation, or algal mats. Several hyrdochemical tracers indicated this recharge had arrived at four monitoring wells located within about 300 m of the reservoir by 2012. At these wells, peak total dissolved-gas pressures exceeded two atmospheres (&gt;1,500 mm mercury) and dissolved oxygen approached three times atmospherically equilibrated concentrations (&gt;25 mg/L). these field parameters indicate that large amounts of gas trapped in pore spaces beneath the water table have dissolved. Lesser but notable increases in these dissolved-gas parameters (without increases in other indicators such as chloride-to-bromide ratios) at monitoring wells farther away (&gt;300 m) indicate moderate amounts of in-situ sir entrapment and dissolution caused by the rise in regional groundwater levels. This is confirmed by hydrochemical difference between these sites and wells closer to the reservoir where recharge had already arrived. As the reservoir was being filled by 2002, managed aquifer recharge rates were initially very high (1.5 x 10<sup>-4</sup> cm/s) with the vadose zone becoming saturated beneath and surrounding the reservoir. These rates declined to less than 3.5 x 10<sup>-6</sup> cm/s during 2008. The 2002-08 decrease was likely associated with a declining regional hydraulic gradient and clogging. Increasing recharge rates during mid-2009 through 2010 may have been partly caused by dissolution of air bubbles initially entrapped in the aquifer matrix. Theoretical gas dissolution rates, coupled with field evidence of a decline iin total dissolved-gas pressure and dissolved oxygen from nearby monitoring wells, support the timing of this gas dissipation.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Clogging issues associated with managed aquifer recharge methods","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"IAH Commission on Managing Aquifer Recharge","publisherLocation":"Australia","isbn":"9780646908526","usgsCitation":"Heilweil, V.M., and Marston, T., 2013, Evaluation of potential gas clogging associated with managed aquifer recharge from a spreading basin, southwestern Utah, U.S.A., chap. <i>of</i> Clogging issues associated with managed aquifer recharge methods, p. 84-94.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"84","endPage":"94","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-046038","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278967,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278966,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://recharge.iah.org/recharge/clogging.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Sand Hollow Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.39374,37.101658 ], [ -113.39374,37.127394 ], [ -113.35936,37.127394 ], [ -113.35936,37.101658 ], [ -113.39374,37.101658 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527e586ae4b02d2057dd95db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heilweil, Victor M. heilweil@usgs.gov","contributorId":837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heilweil","given":"Victor","email":"heilweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marston, Thomas","contributorId":61734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marston","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70238330,"text":"70238330 - 2013 - The biogeographic histories of Pinus edulis and Pinus monophylla over the last 50,000 years","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-18T17:00:33.885183","indexId":"70238330","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T10:34:19","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The biogeographic histories of <i>Pinus edulis</i> and <i>Pinus monophylla</i> over the last 50,000 years","title":"The biogeographic histories of Pinus edulis and Pinus monophylla over the last 50,000 years","docAbstract":"<p><span>Well-preserved pine needles found in fossil packrat middens document the biogeographic responses of pinyon pines to changing climates over the last 50,000 years. During the full glacial Wisconsinan (MIS2),&nbsp;</span><i>Pinus monophylla</i><span>&nbsp;(single-needle pinyon),&nbsp;</span><i>Pinus edulis</i><span>&nbsp;(Colorado pinyon), and&nbsp;</span><i>P.&nbsp;edulis</i><span>&nbsp;var.&nbsp;</span><i>fallax</i><span>&nbsp;(Arizona singleleaf pinyon) all grew along the southern portions of their current ranges.&nbsp;</span><i>P. monophylla</i><span>&nbsp;extended from the southern Sierra Nevada across the Mojave Desert to northwestern Arizona.&nbsp;</span><i>P. edulis</i><span>&nbsp;grew from northwestern Arizona across central Arizona to New Mexico and south to westernmost Texas.&nbsp;</span><i>P. edulis</i><span>&nbsp;var.&nbsp;</span><i>fallax</i><span>&nbsp;grew throughout what is now the Sonoran Desert of southern Arizona. Application of the modern climate requirements for these species suggest that winter precipitation at this time was at least 150% of modern, but also that summer precipitation may have been somewhat greater than today, at least at the northernmost end of the Gulf of California. During the Bølling and Allerød intervals&nbsp;</span><i>P.&nbsp;edulis</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>P.&nbsp;edulis</i><span>&nbsp;var.&nbsp;</span><i>fallax</i><span>&nbsp;quickly expanded northward over the Mogollon Rim of central Arizona into the Little Colorado&nbsp;River basin&nbsp;and northwestern Arizona. This northerly expansion of the&nbsp;</span><i>fallax</i><span>&nbsp;variety during the Allerød interval suggests that temperatures were warmer than most of the latest Wisconsinan and that summer precipitation was at least 120% of modern. After the rapid warming at the start of the&nbsp;Holocene&nbsp;(11.7&nbsp;ka),&nbsp;</span><i>P.&nbsp;monophylla</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>P.&nbsp;edulis</i><span>&nbsp;populations were reduced in extent as their retreating southerly stands were not immediately replaced by expansion into cooler regions. These populations slowly expanded 300–500&nbsp;km northward at rates between 20 and 60&nbsp;m&nbsp;y</span><sup>−1</sup><span>, reaching some of their current northern limits only within the last millennium. Increases in temperature expected over the next several hundred years will result in a similar reduction in populations unless this warming is ameliorated by favorable increases in precipitation. The consistent needle anatomy and distributions of the three types relative to each other suggest that there has been little evolutionary change discernible from these needles over at least the last 25,000 years.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2012.04.037","usgsCitation":"Cole, K.L., Fisher, J.F., Ironside, K.E., Mead, J.I., and Koehler, P., 2013, The biogeographic histories of Pinus edulis and Pinus monophylla over the last 50,000 years: Quaternary International, v. 310, p. 96-110, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2012.04.037.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"96","endPage":"110","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409454,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Chihuahuan Desert, Great Basin Desert, Mojave Desert, Sierra Nevada, Sonoran Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.69578991237353,\n              39.869933176064194\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.88021882868375,\n              39.75781369136038\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.95610138719888,\n              38.2007805069687\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.627397857548,\n              36.96253774039948\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.79650956357409,\n              35.545590001021964\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.84660146374762,\n              34.279254432083064\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.74258524580608,\n              34.164486262576986\n            ],\n            [\n              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F.","contributorId":84464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ironside, Kirsten E. 0000-0003-1166-3793 kironside@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1166-3793","contributorId":3379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ironside","given":"Kirsten","email":"kironside@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mead, Jim I.","contributorId":87067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mead","given":"Jim","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koehler, Peter","contributorId":299111,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koehler","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":857149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70047957,"text":"70047957 - 2013 - An international network of magnetic observatories","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-17T10:28:45","indexId":"70047957","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T10:19:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An international network of magnetic observatories","docAbstract":"Since its formation in the late 1980s, the International Real-Time Magnetic Observatory Network (INTERMAGNET), a voluntary consortium of geophysical institutes from around the world, has promoted the operation of magnetic observatories according to modern standards [eg. Rasson, 2007]. INTERMAGNET institutes have cooperatively developed infrastructure for data exchange and management ads well as methods for data processing and checking. INTERMAGNET institute have also helped to expand global geomagnetic monitoring capacity, most notably by assisting magnetic observatory institutes in economically developing countries by working directly with local geophysicists. Today the INTERMAGNET consortium encompasses 57 institutes from 40 countries supporting 120 observatories (see Figures 1a and 1b). INTERMAGNET data record a wide variety of time series signals related to a host of different physical processes in the Earth's interiors and in the Earth's surrounding space environment [e.g., Love, 2008]. Observatory data have always had a diverse user community, and to meet evolving demand, INTERMAGNET has recently coordinated the introduction of several new data services.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2013EO420001","usgsCitation":"Love, J.J., and Chulliat, A., 2013, An international network of magnetic observatories: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 94, no. 42, p. 373-374, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013EO420001.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"373","endPage":"374","numberOfPages":"2","ipdsId":"IP-050889","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473508,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013eo420001","text":"External Repository"},{"id":281234,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281233,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013EO420001"}],"volume":"94","issue":"42","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4c9ae4b0b290850f114c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-3324-0348 jlove@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-0348","contributorId":760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chulliat, A.","contributorId":108393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chulliat","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70101100,"text":"70101100 - 2013 - Spatial variability of  \"Did You Feel It?\" intensity data:  insights into sampling biases in historical earthquake intensity distributions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-10T10:20:47","indexId":"70101100","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T10:17:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial variability of  \"Did You Feel It?\" intensity data:  insights into sampling biases in historical earthquake intensity distributions","docAbstract":"Recent parallel development of improved quantitative methods to analyze intensity distributions for historical earthquakes and of web‐based systems for collecting intensity data for modern earthquakes provides an opportunity to reconsider not only important individual historical earthquakes but also the overall characterization of intensity distributions for historical events. The focus of this study is a comparison between intensity distributions of historical earthquakes with those from modern earthquakes for which intensities have been determined by the U.S. Geological Survey “Did You Feel It?” (DYFI) website (see Data and Resources). As an example of a historical earthquake, I focus initially on the 1843 Marked Tree, Arkansas, event. Its magnitude has been previously estimated as 6.0–6.2. I first reevaluate the macroseismic effects of this earthquake, assigning intensities using a traditional approach, and estimate a preferred magnitude of 5.4. Modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) values for the Marked Tree earthquake are higher, on average, than those from the 2011 <i>>Mw</i> 5.8 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake for distances ≤500  km but comparable or lower on average at larger distances, with a smaller overall felt extent. Intensity distributions for other moderate historical earthquakes reveal similar discrepancies; the discrepancy is also even more pronounced using earlier published intensities for the 1843 earthquake. I discuss several hypotheses to explain the discrepancies, including the possibility that intensity values associated with historical earthquakes are commonly inflated due to reporting/sampling biases. A detailed consideration of the DYFI intensity distribution for the Mineral earthquake illustrates how reporting and sampling biases can account for historical earthquake intensity biases as high as two intensity units and for the qualitative difference in intensity distance decays for modern versus historical events. Thus, intensity maps for historical earthquakes tend to imply more widespread damage patterns than are revealed by intensity distributions of modern earthquakes of comparable magnitude. However, intensity accounts of historical earthquakes often include fragmentary accounts suggesting long‐period shaking effects that will likely not be captured fully in historical intensity distributions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"BSSA","doi":"10.1785/0120120285","usgsCitation":"Hough, S.E., 2013, Spatial variability of  \"Did You Feel It?\" intensity data:  insights into sampling biases in historical earthquake intensity distributions: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 103, no. 5, p. 2767-2781, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120120285.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"2767","endPage":"2781","ipdsId":"IP-044980","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286158,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286157,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120120285"}],"volume":"103","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53559566e4b0120853e8c201","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hough, Susan E. 0000-0002-5980-2986 hough@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-2986","contributorId":587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hough","given":"Susan","email":"hough@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70129606,"text":"70129606 - 2013 - Temporal dynamics of biogeochemical processes at the Norman Landfill site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-24T10:18:38","indexId":"70129606","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal dynamics of biogeochemical processes at the Norman Landfill site","docAbstract":"The temporal variability observed in redox sensitive species in groundwater can be attributed to coupled hydrological, geochemical, and microbial processes. These controlling processes are typically nonstationary, and distributed across various time scales. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate biogeochemical data sets from a municipal landfill site to identify the dominant modes of variation and determine the physical controls that become significant at different time scales. Data on hydraulic head, specific conductance, δ2H, chloride, sulfate, nitrate, and nonvolatile dissolved organic carbon were collected between 1998 and 2000 at three wells at the Norman Landfill site in Norman, OK. Wavelet analysis on this geochemical data set indicates that variations in concentrations of reactive and conservative solutes are strongly coupled to hydrologic variability (water table elevation and precipitation) at 8 month scales, and to individual eco-hydrogeologic framework (such as seasonality of vegetation, surface-groundwater dynamics) at 16 month scales. Apart from hydrologic variations, temporal variability in sulfate concentrations can be associated with different sources (FeS cycling, recharge events) and sinks (uptake by vegetation) depending on the well location and proximity to the leachate plume. Results suggest that nitrate concentrations show multiscale behavior across temporal scales for different well locations, and dominant variability in dissolved organic carbon for a closed municipal landfill can be larger than 2 years due to its decomposition and changing content. A conceptual framework that explains the variability in chemical concentrations at different time scales as a function of hydrologic processes, site-specific interactions, and/or coupled biogeochemical effects is also presented.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wrcr.20484","usgsCitation":"Arora, B., Mohanty, B., McGuire, J.T., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 2013, Temporal dynamics of biogeochemical processes at the Norman Landfill site: Water Resources Research, v. 49, no. 10, p. 6909-6926, https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20484.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"6909","endPage":"6926","numberOfPages":"18","ipdsId":"IP-045237","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473509,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20484","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":295712,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295704,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20484"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","city":"Norman","volume":"49","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544b6a31e4b03653c63fb1e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arora, Bhavna","contributorId":66191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arora","given":"Bhavna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mohanty, Binayak P.","contributorId":52509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mohanty","given":"Binayak P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGuire, Jennifer T.","contributorId":42155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70043866,"text":"70043866 - 2013 - Quaternary extensional growth folding beneath Reno, Nevada, imaged by urban seismic profiling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-07T13:48:32","indexId":"70043866","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T10:06:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quaternary extensional growth folding beneath Reno, Nevada, imaged by urban seismic profiling","docAbstract":"We characterize shallow subsurface faulting and basin structure along a transect through heavily urbanized Reno, Nevada, with high‐resolution seismic reflection imaging. The 6.8 km of P‐wave data image the subsurface to approximately 800 m depth and delineate two subbasins and basin uplift that are consistent with structure previously inferred from gravity modeling in this region of the northern Walker Lane. We interpret two primary faults that bound the uplift and deform Quaternary deposits. The dip of Quaternary and Tertiary strata in the western subbasin increases with greater depth to the east, suggesting recurrent fault motion across the westernmost of these faults. Deformation in the Quaternary section of the western subbasin is likely evidence of extensional growth folding at the edge of the Truckee River through Reno. This deformation is north of, and on trend with, previously mapped Quaternary fault strands of the Mt. Rose fault zone. In addition to corroborating the existence of previously inferred intrabasin structure, these data provide evidence for an active extensional Quaternary fault at a previously unknown location within the Truckee Meadows basin that furthers our understanding of both the seismotectonic framework and earthquake hazards in this urbanized region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120120311","usgsCitation":"Stephenson, W.J., Frary, R.N., Louie, J., and Odum, J., 2013, Quaternary extensional growth folding beneath Reno, Nevada, imaged by urban seismic profiling: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 103, no. 5, p. 2921-2927, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120120311.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2921","endPage":"2927","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-043720","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278928,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278927,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120120311"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","city":"Reno","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.002338,39.392426 ], [ -120.002338,39.723436 ], [ -119.699345,39.723436 ], [ -119.699345,39.392426 ], [ -120.002338,39.392426 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"103","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527cc493e4b0850ea050cea6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephenson, William J. 0000-0001-8699-0786 wstephens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-0786","contributorId":695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"William","email":"wstephens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frary, Roxy N.","contributorId":14722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frary","given":"Roxy","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Louie, John","contributorId":51191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Louie","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Odum, Jackson K. 0000-0003-4697-2430 odum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4697-2430","contributorId":1365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odum","given":"Jackson K.","email":"odum@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70094357,"text":"70094357 - 2013 - Moderate-magnitude earthquakes induced by magma reservoir inflation at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-30T08:41:54","indexId":"70094357","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Moderate-magnitude earthquakes induced by magma reservoir inflation at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","docAbstract":"Although volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes often occur in response to magma intrusion, it is rare for them to have magnitudes larger than ~<i>M</i>4. On 24 May 2007, two shallow <i>M</i>4+ earthquakes occurred beneath the upper part of the east rift zone of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i. An integrated analysis of geodetic, seismic, and field data, together with Coulomb stress modeling, demonstrates that the earthquakes occurred due to strike-slip motion on pre-existing faults that bound Kīlauea Caldera to the southeast and that the pressurization of Kīlauea's summit magma system may have been sufficient to promote faulting. For the first time, we infer a plausible origin to generate rare moderate-magnitude VTs at Kīlauea by reactivation of suitably oriented pre-existing caldera-bounding faults. Rare moderate- to large-magnitude VTs at Kīlauea and other volcanoes can therefore result from reactivation of existing fault planes due to stresses induced by magmatic processes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/2013GL058082","usgsCitation":"Wauthier, C., Roman, D., and Poland, M., 2013, Moderate-magnitude earthquakes induced by magma reservoir inflation at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 20, no. 40, p. 5366-5370, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GL058082.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"5366","endPage":"5370","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049148","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473511,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013gl058082","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":282519,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282518,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013GL058082"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.29,19.30 ], [ -155.29,19.42 ], [ -155.18,19.42 ], [ -155.18,19.30 ], [ -155.29,19.30 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"20","issue":"40","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd67f6e4b0b29085101baa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wauthier, Christelle","contributorId":81011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wauthier","given":"Christelle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roman, Diana C.","contributorId":59710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roman","given":"Diana C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":490584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70046084,"text":"70046084 - 2013 - Effect of correlated observation error on parameters, predictions, and uncertainty","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:33:11","indexId":"70046084","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of correlated observation error on parameters, predictions, and uncertainty","docAbstract":"Correlations among observation errors are typically omitted when calculating observation weights for model calibration by inverse methods. We explore the effects of omitting these correlations on estimates of parameters, predictions, and uncertainties. First, we develop a new analytical expression for the difference in parameter variance estimated with and without error correlations for a simple one-parameter two-observation inverse model. Results indicate that omitting error correlations from both the weight matrix and the variance calculation can either increase or decrease the parameter variance, depending on the values of error correlation (ρ) and the ratio of dimensionless scaled sensitivities (r<sub>dss</sub>). For small ρ, the difference in variance is always small, but for large ρ, the difference varies widely depending on the sign and magnitude of r<sub>dss</sub>. Next, we consider a groundwater reactive transport model of denitrification with four parameters and correlated geochemical observation errors that are computed by an error-propagation approach that is new for hydrogeologic studies. We compare parameter estimates, predictions, and uncertainties obtained with and without the error correlations. Omitting the correlations modestly to substantially changes parameter estimates, and causes both increases and decreases of parameter variances, consistent with the analytical expression. Differences in predictions for the models calibrated with and without error correlations can be greater than parameter differences when both are considered relative to their respective confidence intervals. These results indicate that including observation error correlations in weighting for nonlinear regression can have important effects on parameter estimates, predictions, and their respective uncertainties.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wrcr.20499","usgsCitation":"Tiedeman, C.R., and Green, C.T., 2013, Effect of correlated observation error on parameters, predictions, and uncertainty: Water Resources Research, v. 49, no. 10, p. 6339-6355, https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20499.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"6339","endPage":"6355","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045884","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473512,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20499","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":278960,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278959,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20499"}],"volume":"49","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527e5869e4b02d2057dd95d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tiedeman, Claire R. 0000-0002-0128-3685 tiedeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0128-3685","contributorId":196777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiedeman","given":"Claire","email":"tiedeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Green, Christopher T. 0000-0002-6480-8194 ctgreen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-8194","contributorId":1343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Christopher","email":"ctgreen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70058671,"text":"70058671 - 2013 - Cutthroat trout virus as a surrogate in vitro infection model for testing inhibitors of hepatitis E virus replication","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-12T09:27:20","indexId":"70058671","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T09:24:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":820,"text":"Antiviral Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cutthroat trout virus as a surrogate in vitro infection model for testing inhibitors of hepatitis E virus replication","docAbstract":"Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the most important causes of acute hepatitis worldwide. Although most infections are self-limiting, mortality is particularly high in pregnant women. Chronic infections can occur in transplant and other immune-compromised patients. Successful treatment of chronic hepatitis E has been reported with ribavirin and pegylated interferon-alpha, however severe side effects were observed. We employed the cutthroat trout virus (CTV), a non-pathogenic fish virus with remarkable similarities to HEV, as a potential surrogate for HEV and established an antiviral assay against this virus using the Chinook salmon embryo (CHSE-214) cell line. Ribavirin and the respective trout interferon were found to efficiently inhibit CTV replication. Other known broad-spectrum inhibitors of RNA virus replication such as the nucleoside analog 2′-C-methylcytidine resulted only in a moderate antiviral activity. In its natural fish host, CTV levels largely fluctuate during the reproductive cycle with the virus detected mainly during spawning. We wondered whether this aspect of CTV infection may serve as a surrogate model for the peculiar pathogenesis of HEV in pregnant women. To that end the effect of three sex steroids on in vitro CTV replication was evaluated. Whereas progesterone resulted in marked inhibition of virus replication, testosterone and 17β-estradiol stimulated viral growth. Our data thus indicate that CTV may serve as a surrogate model for HEV, both for antiviral experiments and studies on the replication biology of the Hepeviridae.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antiviral Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.07.013","usgsCitation":"Debing, Y., Winton, J., Neyts, J., and Dallmeier, K., 2013, Cutthroat trout virus as a surrogate in vitro infection model for testing inhibitors of hepatitis E virus replication: Antiviral Research, v. 100, no. 1, p. 98-101, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.07.013.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"98","endPage":"101","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-044728","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473513,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0166-3542(13)00200-3","text":"External Repository"},{"id":280263,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280251,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.07.013"}],"volume":"100","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd539de4b0b290850f53f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Debing, Yannick","contributorId":38462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Debing","given":"Yannick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winton, James","contributorId":53897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neyts, Johan","contributorId":48082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neyts","given":"Johan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dallmeier, Kai","contributorId":52480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dallmeier","given":"Kai","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70073501,"text":"70073501 - 2013 - Analysis of a GRACE global mascon solution for Gulf of Alaska glaciers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-07T18:01:43","indexId":"70073501","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T09:11:11","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2328,"text":"Journal of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of a GRACE global mascon solution for Gulf of Alaska glaciers","docAbstract":"We present a high-resolution Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mascon solution for Gulf of Alaska (GOA) glaciers and compare this with in situ glaciological, climate and other remote-sensing observations. Our GRACE solution yields a GOA glacier mass balance of –65 ± 11 Gt a<sup>–1</sup> for the period December 2003 to December 2010, with summer balances driving the interannual variability. Between October/November 2003 and October 2009 we obtain a mass balance of –61 ± 11 Gt a<sup>–1</sup> from GRACE, which compares well with –65 ± 12 Gt a<sup>–1</sup> from ICESat based on hypsometric extrapolation of glacier elevation changes. We find that mean summer (June–August) air temperatures derived from both ground and lower-troposphere temperature records were good predictors of GRACE-derived summer mass balances, capturing 59% and 72% of the summer balance variability respectively. Large mass losses during 2009 were likely due to low early melt season surface albedos, measured by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and likely associated with the 31 March 2009 eruption of Mount Redoubt, southwestern Alaska. GRACE data compared well with in situ measurements at Wolverine Glacier (maritime Alaska), but poorly with those at Gulkana Glacier (interior Alaska). We conclude that, although GOA mass estimates from GRACE are robust over the entire domain, further constraints on subregional and seasonal estimates are necessary to improve fidelity to ground observations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Glaciology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Glaciological Society","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, UK","doi":"10.3189/2013JoG12J197","usgsCitation":"Arendt, A., Luthcke, S., Gardner, A., O’Neel, S., Hill, D., Moholdt, G., and Abdalati, W., 2013, Analysis of a GRACE global mascon solution for Gulf of Alaska glaciers: Journal of Glaciology, v. 59, no. 217, p. 913-924, https://doi.org/10.3189/2013JoG12J197.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"913","endPage":"924","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-049021","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473515,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3189/2013jog12j197","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281272,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281265,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2013JoG12J197"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Alaska;Gulkana Glacier;Mount Redoubt;Wolverine Glacier","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -158.5,55.0 ], [ -158.5,65.0 ], [ -126.0,65.0 ], [ -126.0,55.0 ], [ -158.5,55.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"59","issue":"217","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4cd1e4b0b290850f1318","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arendt, Anthony","contributorId":74661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arendt","given":"Anthony","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luthcke, Scott","contributorId":104807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luthcke","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gardner, Alex","contributorId":24274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"Alex","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Neel, Shad 0000-0002-9185-0144 soneel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-0144","contributorId":166740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neel","given":"Shad","email":"soneel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hill, David","contributorId":10500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moholdt, Geir","contributorId":104808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moholdt","given":"Geir","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Abdalati, Waleed","contributorId":38469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abdalati","given":"Waleed","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70046079,"text":"70046079 - 2013 - Degree-day accumulation influences annual variability in growth of age-0 walleye","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-08T09:39:49","indexId":"70046079","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T09:02:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Degree-day accumulation influences annual variability in growth of age-0 walleye","docAbstract":"The growth of age-0 fishes influences survival, especially in temperate regions where size-dependent over-winter mortality can be substantial. Additional benefits of earlier maturation and greater fecundity may exist for faster growing individuals. This study correlated prey densities, growing-degree days, water-surface elevation, turbidity, and chlorophyll a with age-0 walleye Sander vitreus growth in a south-central Nebraska irrigation reservoir. Growth of age-0 walleye was variable between 2003 and 2011, with mean lengths ranging from 128 to 231 mm by fall (September 30th–October 15th). A set of a priori candidate models were used to assess the relative support of explanatory variables using Akaike's information criterion (AIC). A temperature model using the growing degree-days metric was the best supported model, describing 65% of the variability in annual mean lengths of age-0 walleye. The second and third best supported models included the variables chlorophyll a (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.49) and larval freshwater drum density (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.45), respectively. There have been mixed results concerning the importance of temperature effects on growth of age-0 walleye. This study supports the hypothesis that temperature is the most important predictor of age-0 walleye growth near the southwestern limits of its natural range.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2013.05.010","usgsCitation":"Uphoff, C.S., Schoenebeck, C.W., Hoback, W.W., Koupal, K.D., and Pope, K.L., 2013, Degree-day accumulation influences annual variability in growth of age-0 walleye: Fisheries Research, v. 147, p. 394-398, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2013.05.010.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"394","endPage":"398","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-042078","costCenters":[{"id":463,"text":"Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278957,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278956,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2013.05.010"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Henry County Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -99.393753,40.017068 ], [ -99.393753,40.098484 ], [ -99.210365,40.098484 ], [ -99.210365,40.017068 ], [ -99.393753,40.017068 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"147","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527e5868e4b02d2057dd95cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Uphoff, Christopher S.","contributorId":19073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uphoff","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoenebeck, Casey W.","contributorId":94201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenebeck","given":"Casey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoback, W. Wyatt","contributorId":30130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoback","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Wyatt","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koupal, Keith D.","contributorId":37592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koupal","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687 kpope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":1574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"kpope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70047452,"text":"70047452 - 2013 - Runoff-generated debris flows: observations and modeling of surge initiation, magnitude, and frequency","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-24T09:27:16","indexId":"70047452","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T08:53:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Runoff-generated debris flows: observations and modeling of surge initiation, magnitude, and frequency","docAbstract":"Runoff during intense rainstorms plays a major role in generating debris flows in many alpine areas and burned steeplands. Yet compared to debris flow initiation from shallow landslides, the mechanics by which runoff generates a debris flow are less understood. To better understand debris flow initiation by surface water runoff, we monitored flow stage and rainfall associated with debris flows in the headwaters of two small catchments: a bedrock-dominated alpine basin in central Colorado (0.06 km<sup>2</sup>) and a recently burned area in southern California (0.01 km<sup>2</sup>). We also obtained video footage of debris flow initiation and flow dynamics from three cameras at the Colorado site. Stage observations at both sites display distinct patterns in debris flow surge characteristics relative to rainfall intensity (I). We observe small, quasiperiodic surges at low I; large, quasiperiodic surges at intermediate I; and a single large surge followed by small-amplitude fluctuations about a more steady high flow at high I. Video observations of surge formation lead us to the hypothesis that these flow patterns are controlled by upstream variations in channel slope, in which low-gradient sections act as “sediment capacitors,” temporarily storing incoming bed load transported by water flow and periodically releasing the accumulated sediment as a debris flow surge. To explore this hypothesis, we develop a simple one-dimensional morphodynamic model of a sediment capacitor that consists of a system of coupled equations for water flow, bed load transport, slope stability, and mass flow. This model reproduces the essential patterns in surge magnitude and frequency with rainfall intensity observed at the two field sites and provides a new framework for predicting the runoff threshold for debris flow initiation in a burned or alpine setting.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jgrf.20148","usgsCitation":"Kean, J.W., McCoy, S.W., Tucker, G., Staley, D.M., and Coe, J.A., 2013, Runoff-generated debris flows: observations and modeling of surge initiation, magnitude, and frequency: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 118, no. 4, p. 2190-2207, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrf.20148.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"2190","endPage":"2207","numberOfPages":"18","ipdsId":"IP-050012","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279014,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":279012,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrf.20148"}],"country":"United States","state":"California;Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Arroyo Seco;Chalk Cliffs","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.23,34.08 ], [ -118.23,39.08 ], [ -105.79,39.08 ], [ -105.79,34.08 ], [ -118.23,34.08 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"118","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52835c25e4b047efbbb4ae75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kean, Jason W. 0000-0003-3089-0369 jwkean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":1654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"Jason","email":"jwkean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCoy, Scott W.","contributorId":94954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tucker, Gregory E.","contributorId":39280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"Gregory E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Staley, Dennis M. 0000-0002-2239-3402 dstaley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2239-3402","contributorId":4134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staley","given":"Dennis","email":"dstaley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Coe, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-0842-9608 jcoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-9608","contributorId":1333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jcoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70191693,"text":"70191693 - 2013 - Thermal controls of Yellowstone cutthroat trout and invasive fishes under climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-25T10:26:39","indexId":"70191693","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal controls of Yellowstone cutthroat trout and invasive fishes under climate change","docAbstract":"<p><span>We combine large observed data sets and dynamically downscaled climate data to explore historic and future (2050–2069) stream temperature changes over the topographically diverse Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (elevation range&nbsp;=&nbsp;824–4017&nbsp;m). We link future stream temperatures with fish growth models to investigate how changing thermal regimes could influence the future distribution and persistence of native Yellowstone cutthroat trout (YCT) and competing invasive species. We find that stream temperatures during the recent decade (2000–2009) surpass the anomalously warm period of the 1930s. Climate simulations indicate air temperatures will warm by 1&nbsp;°C to &gt;3&nbsp;°C over the Greater Yellowstone by mid-21st century, resulting in concomitant increases in 2050–2069 peak stream temperatures and protracted periods of warming from May to September (MJJAS). Projected changes in thermal regimes during the MJJAS growing season modify the trajectories of daily growth rates at all elevations with pronounced growth during early and late summer. For high-elevation populations, we find considerable increases in fish body mass attributable both to warming of cold-water temperatures and to extended growing seasons. During peak July to August warming, mid-21st century temperatures will cause periods of increased thermal stress, rendering some low-elevation streams less suitable for YCT. The majority (80%) of sites currently inhabited by YCT, however, display minimal loss (&lt;10%) or positive changes in total body mass by midcentury; we attribute this response to the fact that many low-elevation populations of YCT have already been extirpated by historical changes in land use and invasions of non-native species. Our results further suggest that benefits to YCT populations due to warmer stream temperatures at currently cold sites could be offset by the interspecific effects of corresponding growth of sympatric, non-native species, underscoring the importance of developing climate adaptation strategies that reduce limiting factors such as non-native species and habitat degradation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12262","usgsCitation":"Al-Chokhachy, R.K., Alder, J.R., Hostetler, S.W., Gresswell, R.E., and Shepard, B., 2013, Thermal controls of Yellowstone cutthroat trout and invasive fishes under climate change: Global Change Biology, v. 19, no. 10, p. 3069-3081, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12262.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"3069","endPage":"3081","ipdsId":"IP-041433","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12262","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347317,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114,\n              42\n            ],\n            [\n              -106,\n              42\n            ],\n            [\n              -106,\n              46\n            ],\n            [\n              -114,\n              46\n            ],\n            [\n              -114,\n              42\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f1a2aae4b0220bbd9d9fc8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Al-Chokhachy, Robert K. 0000-0002-2136-5098 ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-5098","contributorId":1674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Chokhachy","given":"Robert","email":"ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alder, Jay R. 0000-0003-2378-2853 jalder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2378-2853","contributorId":5118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alder","given":"Jay","email":"jalder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hostetler, Steven W. 0000-0003-2272-8302 swhostet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-8302","contributorId":3249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetler","given":"Steven","email":"swhostet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gresswell, Robert E. 0000-0003-0063-855X bgresswell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0063-855X","contributorId":147914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"Robert","email":"bgresswell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":713081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shepard, Bradley","contributorId":152364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shepard","given":"Bradley","affiliations":[{"id":18917,"text":"4B.B. Shepard and Associates, Livingston, MT, 59047 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":713085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70176642,"text":"70176642 - 2013 - Geomorphic and human influence on large-scale coastal change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-23T15:57:36","indexId":"70176642","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geomorphic and human influence on large-scale coastal change","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0005\">An increasing need exists for regional-scale measurements of shoreline change to aid in management and planning decisions over a broad portion of the coast and to inform assessments of coastal vulnerabilities and hazards. A recent dataset of regional shoreline change, covering a large portion of the U.S. East coast (New England and Mid-Atlantic), provides rates of shoreline change over historical (~&nbsp;150&nbsp;years) and recent (25–30&nbsp;years) time periods making it ideal for a broad assessment of the regional variation of shoreline change, and the natural and human-induced influences on coastal behavior. The variable coastal landforms of the region provide an opportunity to investigate how specific geomorphic landforms relate to the spatial variability of shoreline change. In addition to natural influences on the rates of change, we examine the effects that development and human modifications to the coastline have on the measurements of regional shoreline change.</p><p id=\"sp0010\">Regional variation in the rates of shoreline change is a function of the dominant type and distribution of coastal landform as well as the relative amount of human development. Our results indicate that geomorphology has measurable influence on shoreline change rates. Anthropogenic impacts are found to be greater along the more densely developed and modified portion of the coast where jetties at engineered inlets impound large volumes of sediment resulting in extreme but discrete progradation updrift of jetties. This produces a shift in averaged values of rates that may mask the natural long-term record. Additionally, a strong correlation is found to exist between rates of shoreline change and relative level of human development. Using a geomorphic characterization of the types of coastal landform as a guide for expected relative rates of change, we found that the shoreline appears to be changing naturally only along sparsely developed coasts. Even modest amounts of development influence the rates of change and the human imprint override the geomorphic signal. The study demonstrates that human activities associated with creating and maintaining coastal infrastructure alter the natural behavior of the coast over hundreds of kilometers and time spans greater than a century. This suggests that future assessments of vulnerability, based largely on rates of change along developed coastlines, need to take the role of human alterations into account.</p>","conferenceTitle":"Coastal Geomorphology and restoration 44th Binghampton Geomorphology Symposium","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.11.025","usgsCitation":"Hapke, C.J., Kratzmann, M.G., and Himmelstoss, E., 2013, Geomorphic and human influence on large-scale coastal change: Geomorphology, v. 199, p. 160-170, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.11.025.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"160","endPage":"170","ipdsId":"IP-031534","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328939,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"199","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f1aae4b0bc0bec09feec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hapke, Cheryl J. 0000-0002-2753-4075 chapke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-4075","contributorId":2981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hapke","given":"Cheryl","email":"chapke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6676,"text":"USGS (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":649561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kratzmann, Meredith G. 0000-0002-2513-2144 mkratzmann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-2144","contributorId":4950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kratzmann","given":"Meredith","email":"mkratzmann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Himmelstoss, Emily A. ehimmelstoss@usgs.gov","contributorId":2508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Himmelstoss","given":"Emily A.","email":"ehimmelstoss@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":649563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70189757,"text":"70189757 - 2013 - Rupture complexity of the Mw 8.3 sea of okhotsk earthquake: Rapid triggering of complementary earthquakes?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-24T15:21:17","indexId":"70189757","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rupture complexity of the Mw 8.3 sea of okhotsk earthquake: Rapid triggering of complementary earthquakes?","docAbstract":"<p><span>We derive a finite slip model for the 2013&nbsp;</span><i>M<sub>w</sub></i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>8.3 Sea of Okhotsk Earthquake (</span><i>Z</i><span> = 610 km) by inverting calibrated teleseismic<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>P</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>waveforms. The inversion shows that the earthquake ruptured on a 10° dipping rectangular fault zone (140 km × 50 km) and evolved into a sequence of four large sub-events (E1–E4) with an average rupture speed of 4.0 km/s. The rupture process can be divided into two main stages. The first propagated south, rupturing sub-events E1, E2, and E4. The second stage (E3) originated near E2 with a delay of 12 s and ruptured northward, filling the slip gap between E1 and E2. This kinematic process produces an overall slip pattern similar to that observed in shallow swarms, except it occurs over a compressed time span of about 30 s and without many aftershocks, suggesting that sub-event triggering for deep events is significantly more efficient than for shallow events.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/grl.50977","usgsCitation":"Wei, S., Helmberger, D., Zhan, Z., and Graves, R., 2013, Rupture complexity of the Mw 8.3 sea of okhotsk earthquake: Rapid triggering of complementary earthquakes?: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 40, no. 19, p. 5034-5039, https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50977.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"5034","endPage":"5039","ipdsId":"IP-051570","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473518,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50977","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344275,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"19","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59770755e4b0ec1a48889fc4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wei, Shengji","contributorId":192953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wei","given":"Shengji","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helmberger, Don","contributorId":192954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helmberger","given":"Don","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhan, Zhongwen","contributorId":195085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhan","given":"Zhongwen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graves, Robert 0000-0001-9758-453X rwgraves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9758-453X","contributorId":140738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"Robert","email":"rwgraves@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70143407,"text":"70143407 - 2013 - The role of irrigation runoff and winter rainfall on dissolved organic carbon loads in an agricultural watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-13T16:06:02","indexId":"70143407","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":682,"text":"Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of irrigation runoff and winter rainfall on dissolved organic carbon loads in an agricultural watershed","docAbstract":"<p><span>We investigated the role of land use/land cover and agriculture practices on stream dissolved organic carbon (DOC) dynamics in the Willow Slough watershed (WSW) from 2006 to 2008. The 415&nbsp;km</span><sup>2</sup><span>watershed in the northern Central Valley, California is covered by 31% of native vegetation and the remaining 69% of agricultural fields (primarily alfalfa, tomatoes, and rice). Stream discharge and weekly DOC concentrations were measured at eight nested subwatersheds to estimate the DOC loads and yields (loads/area) using the USGS developed stream load estimation model, LOADEST. Stream DOC concentrations peaked at 18.9&nbsp;mg&nbsp;L</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>&nbsp;during summer irrigation in the subwatershed with the highest percentage of agricultural land use, demonstrating the strong influence of agricultural activities on summer DOC dynamics. These high concentrations contributed to DOC yields increasing up to 1.29&nbsp;g&nbsp;m</span><sup>&minus;2</sup><span>&nbsp;during the 6 month period of intensive agricultural activity. The high DOC yields from the most agricultural subwatershed during the summer irrigation period was similar throughout the study, suggesting that summer DOC loads from irrigation runoff would not change significantly in the absence of major changes in crops or irrigation practices. In contrast, annual DOC yields varied from 0.89 to 1.68&nbsp;g&nbsp;m</span><sup>&minus;2</sup><span>&nbsp;yr</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>&nbsp;for the most agricultural watershed due to differences in winter precipitation. This suggests that variability in the annual DOC yields will be largely determined by the winter precipitation, which can vary significantly from year to year. Changes in precipitation patterns and intensities as well as agricultural practices have potential to considerably alter the DOC dynamics.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2013.07.004","usgsCitation":"Oh, N., Pellerin, B.A., Bachand, P., Hernes, P.J., Bachand, S., Ohara, N., Kavvas, M., Bergamaschi, B., and Horwath, W., 2013, The role of irrigation runoff and winter rainfall on dissolved organic carbon loads in an agricultural watershed: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, no. 179, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.07.004.","productDescription":"10 p","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049317","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298760,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.83563232421875,\n              38.495518711354016\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.83563232421875,\n              38.60506646289451\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.64199829101561,\n              38.60506646289451\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.64199829101561,\n              38.495518711354016\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.83563232421875,\n              38.495518711354016\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"179","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"550bf33ae4b02e76d759ce06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oh, Neung-Hwan","contributorId":139734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oh","given":"Neung-Hwan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12896,"text":"Department of Environmental Planning, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pellerin, Brian A. bpeller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellerin","given":"Brian","email":"bpeller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":542704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bachand, Philip","contributorId":81013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bachand","given":"Philip","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12526,"text":"Bachand & Associates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hernes, Peter J.","contributorId":85311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hernes","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":542708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bachand, Sandra M.","contributorId":45542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bachand","given":"Sandra M.","affiliations":[{"id":12526,"text":"Bachand & Associates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ohara, Noriaki","contributorId":139736,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ohara","given":"Noriaki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12898,"text":"Department of Civil & Architectural Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kavvas, M. Levent","contributorId":139737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kavvas","given":"M. Levent","affiliations":[{"id":12899,"text":"Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581 bbergama@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":1448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian A.","email":"bbergama@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":542705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Horwath, William R.","contributorId":37234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horwath","given":"William R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":542712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70150419,"text":"70150419 - 2013 - Links between riparian landcover, instream environment and fish assemblages in headwater streams of south-eastern Brazil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-24T14:03:36","indexId":"70150419","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Links between riparian landcover, instream environment and fish assemblages in headwater streams of south-eastern Brazil","docAbstract":"<p><span>We hypothesised and tested a hierarchical organisation model where riparian landcover would influence bank composition and light availability, which in turn would influence instream environments and control fish assemblages. The study was conducted during the dry season in 11 headwater tributaries of the Sorocaba River in the upper Paran&aacute; River Basin, south-eastern Brazil. We focused on seven environmental factors each represented by one or multiple environmental variables and seven fish functional traits each represented by two or more classes. Multivariate direct gradient analyses suggested that riparian zone landcover can be considered a higher level causal factor in a network of relations that control instream characteristics and fish assemblages. Our results provide a framework for a hierarchical conceptual model that identifies singular and collective influences of variables from different scales on each other and ultimately on different aspects related to stream fish functional composition. This conceptual model is focused on the relationships between riparian landcover and instream variables as causal factors on the organisation of stream fish assemblages. Our results can also be viewed as a model for headwater stream management in that landcover can be manipulated to influence factors such as bank composition, substrates and water quality, whereas fish assemblage composition can be used as indicators to monitor the success of such efforts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12065","usgsCitation":"Cruz, B.B., Miranda, L.E., and Cetra, M., 2013, Links between riparian landcover, instream environment and fish assemblages in headwater streams of south-eastern Brazil: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 22, no. 4, p. 607-616, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12065.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"607","endPage":"616","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-040676","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":302301,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Brazil","otherGeospatial":"Sorocaba River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -47.669677734375,\n              -23.61432859499169\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.669677734375,\n              -23.35486416841885\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.23297119140625,\n              -23.35486416841885\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.23297119140625,\n              -23.61432859499169\n            ],\n            [\n              -47.669677734375,\n              -23.61432859499169\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558bd4bbe4b0b6d21dd65310","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cruz, Bruna B.","contributorId":97129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cruz","given":"Bruna","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cetra, Mauricio","contributorId":143697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cetra","given":"Mauricio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70189077,"text":"70189077 - 2013 - Nature's refineries — Metals and metalloids in arc volcanoes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-29T16:25:27","indexId":"70189077","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1431,"text":"Earth-Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nature's refineries — Metals and metalloids in arc volcanoes","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0005\">Chemical data for fumaroles and for atmospheric gas and ash plumes from active arc volcanoes provide glimpses of the rates of release of metal and metalloids, such as Tl and Cd, from shallow and mid-crust magmas. Data from copper deposits formed in ancient volcanoes at depths of up to about 1500&nbsp;m in the fractures below paleo-fumaroles, and at around 2000–4000&nbsp;m in association with sub-volcanic intrusions (porphyry copper deposits) provide evidence of sub-surface deposition of Cu–Au–Ag–Mo and a range of other minor elements including Te, Se, As and Sb. These deposits, or ‘sinks’, of metals consistently record sustained histories of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>magmatic gas streaming</i><span>&nbsp;</span>through volcanic systems interspersed by continuing intrusive and eruptive activity. Here we integrate data from ancient and modern volcanic systems and show that the fluxes of metals and metalloids are controlled by a) the maintenance of fracture permeability in the stressed crust below volcanoes and b) the chemical processes that are triggered as magmatic gas, initially undersaturated with metals and metalloids, expands from lithostatic to very low pressure conditions through fracture arrays. The recognition of gas streaming may also account for the phenomenon of ‘excess degassing’, and defines an integral, but generally understated, component of active volcanic systems – a<span>&nbsp;</span><i>volcanic gas core</i><span>&nbsp;</span>– that is likely to be integral to the progression of eruptions to Plinean state.</p><p id=\"sp0010\">Destabilization of solvated molecular metal and metalloid species in magmatic gas mixtures and changes in their redox state are triggered, as it expands to the surface by abrupt pressure drops, or throttles' in the fracture array that guides expansion to the surface. The electronically harder, low electronegativity metals, such as copper and iron, deposit rapidly in response to expansion followed more slowly by arsenic with antimony as sulfosalts. Heavy, large radius, softer elements such as bismuth, lead, and thallium along with cadmium are strongly fractionated along the way, eventually venting their excess along with SO<sub>2</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub>, and other components of the carrier gas, into the atmosphere. These elements, many of which are toxic, may also be dispersed by mixing with groundwater in the permeable crust below volcanoes and generate potential health risks due to Hg, As, and Se contamination of drinking water resources.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.07.007","usgsCitation":"Henley, R., and Berger, B.R., 2013, Nature's refineries — Metals and metalloids in arc volcanoes: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 125, p. 146-170, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.07.007.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"146","endPage":"170","ipdsId":"IP-038071","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343187,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"125","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595611c2e4b0d1f9f05067c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henley, R.W.","contributorId":52810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henley","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berger, Byron R. bberger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"Byron","email":"bberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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