{"pageNumber":"636","pageRowStart":"15875","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165227,"records":[{"id":70207590,"text":"70207590 - 2020 - Colony-forming unit spreadplate assay versus liquid culture enrichment-polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Bacillus Endospores in soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-30T16:20:46","indexId":"70207590","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-21T16:19:07","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1816,"text":"Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Colony-forming unit spreadplate assay versus liquid culture enrichment-polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Bacillus Endospores in soils","docAbstract":"A liquid culture enrichment-polymerase chain reaction (E-PCR) assay was investigated as a potential tool to overcome inhibition by chemical component, debris, and background biological impurities in soil that were affecting detection assay performance for soil samples containing Bacillus atrophaeus subsp. globigii (a surrogate for B. anthracis). To evaluate this assay, 9 g of matched sets of three different soil types (loamy sand [sand], sandy loam [loam] and clay) was spiked with 0, ~4.5, 45, 225, 675 and 1350 endospores. One matched set was evaluated using a previously published endospore concentration and colony-forming unit spreadplate (CFU-S) assay and the other matched set was evaluated using an E-PCR assay to investigate differences in limits of detection between the two assays. Data illustrated that detection using the CFU-S assay at the 45-endospore spike level started to become sporadic whereas the E-PCR assay produced repeatable detection at the ~4.5-endospore spike concentration. The E-PCR produced an ~2-log increase in sensitivity and required slightly less time to complete than the CFU-S assay. This study also investigated differences in recovery among pure and blended sand and clay soils and found potential activation of B. anthracis in predominately clay-based soils.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/geosciences10010005","usgsCitation":"Griffin, D.W., Lisle, J.T., Feldhake, D., and Silvestri, E.E., 2020, Colony-forming unit spreadplate assay versus liquid culture enrichment-polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Bacillus Endospores in soils: Geosciences, v. 1, no. 10, 5, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10010005.","productDescription":"5, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-105751","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10010005","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":370875,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffin, Dale W. 0000-0003-1719-5812 dgriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1719-5812","contributorId":2178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale","email":"dgriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisle, John T. 0000-0002-5447-2092 jlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5447-2092","contributorId":2944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisle","given":"John","email":"jlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feldhake, David","contributorId":176367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feldhake","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Silvestri, Erin E.","contributorId":127343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silvestri","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70215153,"text":"70215153 - 2020 - A hydrologic landscapes perspective on groundwater connectivity of depressional wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-08T14:52:59.912851","indexId":"70215153","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-21T09:46:32","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3709,"text":"Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A hydrologic landscapes perspective on groundwater connectivity of depressional wetlands","docAbstract":"
Research into processes governing the hydrologic connectivity of depressional wetlands has advanced rapidly in recent years. Nevertheless, a need persists for broadly applicable, non-site-specific guidance to facilitate further research. Here, we explicitly use the hydrologic landscapes theoretical framework to develop broadly applicable conceptual knowledge of depressional-wetland hydrologic connectivity. We used a numerical model to simulate the groundwater flow through five generic hydrologic landscapes. Next, we inserted depressional wetlands into the generic landscapes and repeated the modeling exercise. The results strongly characterize groundwater connectivity from uplands to lowlands as being predominantly indirect. Groundwater flowed from uplands and most of it was discharged to the surface at a concave-upward break in slope, possibly continuing as surface water to lowlands. Additionally, we found that groundwater connectivity of the depressional wetlands was primarily determined by the slope of the adjacent water table. However, we identified certain arrangements of landforms that caused the water table to fall sharply and not follow the surface contour. Finally, we synthesize our findings and provide guidance to practitioners and resource managers regarding the management significance of indirect groundwater discharge and the effect of depressional wetland groundwater connectivity on pond permanence and connectivity. 
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/w12010050","usgsCitation":"Neff, B.P., Rosenberry, D.O., Leibowitz, S.G., Mushet, D.M., Golden, H.E., Rains, M.C., Brooks, R., and Lane, C., 2020, A hydrologic landscapes perspective on groundwater connectivity of depressional wetlands: Water, v. 12, no. 1, 50, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/w12010050.","productDescription":"50, 29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-111844","costCenters":[{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458317,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w12010050","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379231,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neff, Brian P. 0000-0003-3718-7350","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3718-7350","contributorId":242891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neff","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6655,"text":"University of Waterloo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leibowitz, Scott G.","contributorId":156432,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leibowitz","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744 dmushet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":1299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David","email":"dmushet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Golden, Heather E.","contributorId":202423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Golden","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36429,"text":"USEPA ORD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rains, Mark C.","contributorId":138983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rains","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12607,"text":"Univ of South florida, School of Geosciences, Tampa FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brooks, Renee 0000-0002-5008-9774","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5008-9774","contributorId":242892,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooks","given":"Renee","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lane, Charles R.","contributorId":138991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lane","given":"Charles R.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70206612,"text":"70206612 - 2020 - Post-12 Ma deformation of the lower Colorado River corridor, southwestern USA: Implications for diffuse transtension and the Bouse Formation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-06T11:33:10","indexId":"70206612","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-20T17:17:32","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-12 Ma deformation of the lower Colorado River corridor, southwestern USA: Implications for diffuse transtension and the Bouse Formation","docAbstract":"

Structural evidence presented here documents that deformation was ongoing within the lower Colorado River corridor (southwestern USA) during and after the latest Miocene Epoch, postdating large-magnitude extension and metamorphic core complex formation. Geometric and kinematic data collected on faults in key geologic units constrain the timing of deformation in relation to the age of the Bouse Formation, a unit that records the first arrival and integration of the Colorado River. North-south–striking extensional, NW-SE–striking oblique dextral, NE-SW–striking oblique sinistral, and east-west–striking contractional faults and related structures are observed to deform pre– (>6 Ma), syn– (6–4.8 Ma), and post–Bouse Formation (<4.8 Ma) strata. Fault displacements are typically at the centimeter to meter scale, and locally exhibit 10-m-scale displacements. Bouse Formation basalt carbonate locally exhibits outcrop-scale (tens of meters) syndepositional dips of 30°–90°, draped over and encrusted upon paleotopography, and has a basin-wide vertical distribution of as much as 500 m. We argue that part of this vertical distribution of Bouse Formation deposits represents syn- and post-Bouse deformation that enhanced north-south–trending depocenters due to combined tectonic and isostatic subsidence in a regional fault kinematic framework of east-west diffuse extension within an overall strain field of dextral transtension. Here we (1) characterize post-detachment tectonism within the corridor, (2) show that diffuse tectonism is cumulatively significant and likely modified original elevations of Bouse Formation outcrops, and (3) demonstrate that this tectonism may have played a role in the integration history of the lower Colorado River. We suggest a model whereby intracontinental transtension took place in a several hundred kilometers-wide area inboard of the San Andreas fault within a diffuse Pacific–North America plate margin since the latest Miocene.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES02104.1","usgsCitation":"Thacker, J., Karlstrom, K., Crossey, L., Crow, R.S., Cassidy, C., Beard, L.S., Singleton, J., Strickland, E., Seymour, N., and Wyatt, M., 2020, Post-12 Ma deformation of the lower Colorado River corridor, southwestern USA: Implications for diffuse transtension and the Bouse Formation: Geosphere, v. 16, no. 1, p. 111-135, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02104.1.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"135","ipdsId":"IP-104568","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458319,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02104.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":371093,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Lower Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.6201171875,\n 32.7872745269555\n ],\n [\n -113.51074218749999,\n 32.7872745269555\n ],\n [\n -113.51074218749999,\n 35.94243575255426\n ],\n [\n -115.6201171875,\n 35.94243575255426\n ],\n [\n -115.6201171875,\n 32.7872745269555\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thacker, Jacob 0000-0001-7174-6115 jthacker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7174-6115","contributorId":187771,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thacker","given":"Jacob","email":"jthacker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karlstrom, Karl","contributorId":218165,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karlstrom","given":"Karl","affiliations":[{"id":16658,"text":"UNM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crossey, Laura","contributorId":220554,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crossey","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":16658,"text":"UNM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crow, Ryan S. 0000-0002-2403-6361 rcrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-6361","contributorId":5792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crow","given":"Ryan","email":"rcrow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cassidy, Colleen 0000-0003-2963-9185","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-9185","contributorId":207193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cassidy","given":"Colleen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Beard, L. Sue 0000-0001-9552-1893 sbeard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9552-1893","contributorId":152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","given":"L.","email":"sbeard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Sue","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Singleton, John","contributorId":220555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singleton","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Strickland, Evan","contributorId":220556,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strickland","given":"Evan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Seymour, Nikki","contributorId":220557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seymour","given":"Nikki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wyatt, Michael","contributorId":220558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wyatt","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70207543,"text":"70207543 - 2020 - Invertebrate communities of Prairie-Pothole wetlands in the age of the aquatic Homogenocene","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-12T16:29:50.24873","indexId":"70207543","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-20T11:44:21","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Invertebrate communities of Prairie-Pothole wetlands in the age of the aquatic Homogenocene","docAbstract":"

Simplification of communities is a common consequence of anthropogenic modification. However, the prevalence and mechanisms of biotic homogenization among wetland systems require further examination. Biota of wetlands in the North American Prairie Pothole Region are adapted to high spatial and temporal variability in ponded-water duration and salinity. Recent climate change, however, has resulted in decreased hydrologic variability. Land-use changes have exacerbated this loss of variability. We used aquatic-macroinvertebrate data from 16 prairie-pothole wetlands sampled between 1992 and 2015 to explore homogenization of wetland communities. Macroinvertebrate communities of small wetlands that continued to cycle between wet and dry phases experienced greater turnover and supported unique taxa compared to larger wetlands that shifted towards less dynamic permanently ponded, lake-like regimes. Temporal turnover in beta-diversity was lowest in these permanently ponded wetlands. Additionally, wetlands that shifted to permanently ponded regimes also experienced a shift from palustrine to lacustrine communities. While increased pond permanence can increase species and overall beta-diversity in local areas previously lacking lake communities, homogenization of wetland communities at a larger, landscape scale can result in an overall loss of biodiversity as the diverse communities of many wetland systems become increasingly similar to those of lakes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer International Publishing","doi":"10.1007/s10750-019-04154-4","usgsCitation":"McLean, K., Mushet, D.M., Sweetman, J.N., Anteau, M.J., and Wiltermuth, M.T., 2020, Invertebrate communities of Prairie-Pothole wetlands in the age of the aquatic Homogenocene: Hydrobiologia, v. 847, p. 3773-3793, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-019-04154-4.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"3773","endPage":"3793","ipdsId":"IP-111199","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370671,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","county":"Stutsman County","otherGeospatial":"Cottonwood Lake Study Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.77999114990234,\n 47.820762392755846\n ],\n [\n -100.63407897949219,\n 47.820762392755846\n ],\n [\n -100.63407897949219,\n 47.939116930322\n ],\n [\n -100.77999114990234,\n 47.939116930322\n ],\n [\n -100.77999114990234,\n 47.820762392755846\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"847","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLean, Kyle 0000-0003-3803-0136 kmclean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3803-0136","contributorId":168533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLean","given":"Kyle","email":"kmclean@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744 dmushet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":1299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David","email":"dmushet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sweetman, Jon N. 0000-0002-9849-7355","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9849-7355","contributorId":221489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sweetman","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":12471,"text":"North Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anteau, Michael J. 0000-0002-5173-5870 manteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-5870","contributorId":3427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"Michael","email":"manteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wiltermuth, Mark T. 0000-0002-8871-2816 mwiltermuth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8871-2816","contributorId":708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiltermuth","given":"Mark","email":"mwiltermuth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70207540,"text":"70207540 - 2020 - Alternative stable states in inherently unstable systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-06T11:23:06","indexId":"70207540","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-20T11:43:17","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alternative stable states in inherently unstable systems","docAbstract":"

Alternative stable states are nontransitory states within which communities can exist. However, even highly dynamic communities can be viewed within the framework of stable‐state theory if an appropriate “ecologically relevant” time scale is identified. The ecologically relevant time scale for dynamic systems needs to conform to the amount of time needed for a system's community to complete an entire cycle through its normal range of variation. For some systems, the ecologically relevant period can be relatively short (eg, tidal systems), for others it can be decadal (eg, prairie wetlands). We explore the concept of alternative stable states in unstable systems using the highly dynamic wetland ecosystems of North America's Prairie Pothole Region. The communities in these wetland ecosystems transition through multiple states in response to decadal‐long climate oscillations that cyclically influence ponded‐water depth, permanence, and chemistry. The perspective gained by considering dynamic systems in the context of stable‐state theory allows for an increased understanding of how these systems respond to changing drivers that can push them past tipping points into alternative states. Incorporation of concepts inherent to stable‐state theory has been suggested as a key scientific element upon which to base sustainable environmental management.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ece3.5944","usgsCitation":"Mushet, D.M., McKenna, O.P., and McLean, K., 2020, Alternative stable states in inherently unstable systems: Ecology and Evolution, v. 10, no. 2, p. 843-850, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5944.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"843","endPage":"850","ipdsId":"IP-102838","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5944","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":370670,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alberta, Iowa, Manitoba, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Saskatchewan, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Prairie Potholes Wetlands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.27929687499999,\n 56.12106042504407\n ],\n [\n -113.64257812499999,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -113.37890625,\n 47.81315451752768\n ],\n [\n -102.12890625,\n 47.87214396888731\n ],\n [\n -99.66796875,\n 44.08758502824516\n ],\n [\n -93.955078125,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -92.63671875,\n 42.22851735620852\n ],\n [\n -95.00976562499999,\n 47.69497434186282\n ],\n [\n -99.84374999999999,\n 51.23440735163459\n ],\n [\n -106.61132812499999,\n 54.059387886623576\n ],\n [\n -109.86328125,\n 55.677584411089526\n ],\n [\n -116.27929687499999,\n 56.12106042504407\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744 dmushet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":1299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David","email":"dmushet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKenna, Owen P. 0000-0002-5937-9436 omckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5937-9436","contributorId":198598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"Owen","email":"omckenna@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":778404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McLean, Kyle 0000-0003-3803-0136 kmclean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3803-0136","contributorId":168533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLean","given":"Kyle","email":"kmclean@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70211033,"text":"70211033 - 2020 - From theory to experiments for testing the proximate mechanisms of mast seeding: An agenda for an experimental ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-10T20:47:51.716539","indexId":"70211033","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-19T15:44:29","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1466,"text":"Ecology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From theory to experiments for testing the proximate mechanisms of mast seeding: An agenda for an experimental ecology","docAbstract":"Highly variable and synchronised production of seeds by plant populations is called masting and is implicated in many important ecological processes, but how it arises remains poorly understood. The lack of experimental studies prevents underlying mechanisms from being explicitly tested, and thereby precludes meaningful predictions on the consequences of changing environments for plant reproductive patterns and global vegetation dynamics. Here we review the most relevant hypothetical drivers of masting and outline a research agenda that takes the biology of masting from a largely observational field of ecology to one rooted in mechanistic understanding. We divide the experimental framework into three main processes: resource dynamics, pollen limitation, and genetic and hormonal regulation, and illustrate how specific predictions about proximate mechanisms can be tested, highlighting the few successful experiments as examples. We envision that the experiments we outline will deliver new insights into how and why masting patterns might respond to a changing environment.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ele.13442","usgsCitation":"Bogdziewicz, M., Ascoli, D., Hacket-Pain, A., Koenig, W., Pearse, I., Pesendorfer, M.B., Satake, A., Thomas, P., Vacchiano, G., Wohlgemuth, T., and Tanentzap, A., 2020, From theory to experiments for testing the proximate mechanisms of mast seeding: An agenda for an experimental ecology: Ecology Letters, v. 23, no. 2, p. 210-220, https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13442.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"210","endPage":"220","ipdsId":"IP-113960","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458328,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13442","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376267,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bogdziewicz, M.","contributorId":228912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bogdziewicz","given":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40150,"text":"Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ascoli, Davide","contributorId":224289,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ascoli","given":"Davide","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40848,"text":"University of Torino","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hacket-Pain, Andrew","contributorId":224290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hacket-Pain","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":16977,"text":"University of Liverpool","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koenig, W. D.","contributorId":225096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koenig","given":"W. D.","affiliations":[{"id":36682,"text":"Cornell Lab of Ornithology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pearse, Ian S. 0000-0001-7098-0495","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7098-0495","contributorId":211154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Ian","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":792501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pesendorfer, Mario B.","contributorId":201187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pesendorfer","given":"Mario","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":792502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Satake, A.","contributorId":228913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Satake","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41525,"text":"Kyushu University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Thomas, P.","contributorId":211421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":792504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Vacchiano, Giorgio","contributorId":224295,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vacchiano","given":"Giorgio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40851,"text":"University of Milan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wohlgemuth, T.","contributorId":228914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wohlgemuth","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40850,"text":"Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Tanentzap, A.","contributorId":228915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanentzap","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27136,"text":"University of Cambridge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70211941,"text":"70211941 - 2020 - Geophysical characterization of a Proterozoic REE terrane at Mountain Pass, eastern Mojave Desert, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-12T20:06:20.547455","indexId":"70211941","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-19T15:00:52","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geophysical characterization of a Proterozoic REE terrane at Mountain Pass, eastern Mojave Desert, California","docAbstract":"

Mountain Pass, California (USA), located in the eastern Mojave Desert, hosts one of the world’s richest rare earth element (REE) deposits. The REE-rich terrane occurs in a 2.5-km-wide, northwest-trending belt of Mesoproterozoic (1.4 Ga) stocks and dikes, which intrude a larger Paleoproterozoic (1.7 Ga) metamorphic block that extends ∼10 km southward from Clark Mountain to the eastern Mescal Range. To characterize the REE terrane, gravity, magnetic, magnetotelluric, and whole-rock physical property data were analyzed. Geophysical data reveal that the Mountain Pass carbonatite body is associated with an ∼5 mGal local gravity high that is superimposed on a gravity terrace (∼4 km wide) caused by granitic Paleoproterozoic host rocks. Physical rock property data indicate that the Mountain Pass REE suite is essentially nonmagnetic at the surface with a magnetic susceptibility of 2.0 × 10−3 SI (n = 57), and lower-than-expected magnetizations may be the result of alteration. However, aeromagnetic data indicate that the intrusive suite occurs along the eastern edge of a distinct northwest-trending aeromagnetic high along the eastern Mescal Range. The source of this magnetic anomaly is ∼1.5–2 km below the surface and coincides with an electrical conductivity zone that is several orders of magnitude more conductive than the surrounding rock. The source of the magnetic anomaly is likely a moderately magnetic pluton. Combined geophysical data and models suggest that the carbonatite and its associated REE-enriched ultrapotassic suite were preferentially emplaced along a northwest-trending zone of weakness, which has potential implications for regional mineral exploration.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES02066.1","usgsCitation":"Denton, K., Ponce, D.A., Peacock, J., and Miller, D., 2020, Geophysical characterization of a Proterozoic REE terrane at Mountain Pass, eastern Mojave Desert, California: Geosphere, v. 16, no. 1, p. 456-471, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02066.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"456","endPage":"471","ipdsId":"IP-097916","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02066.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377423,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mountain Pass","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.04583740234374,\n 35.0254981588326\n ],\n [\n -115.103759765625,\n 35.0254981588326\n ],\n [\n -115.103759765625,\n 35.628279555648845\n ],\n [\n -116.04583740234374,\n 35.628279555648845\n ],\n [\n -116.04583740234374,\n 35.0254981588326\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Denton, Kevin 0000-0001-9604-4021","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9604-4021","contributorId":207718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denton","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ponce, David A. 0000-0003-4785-7354 ponce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":1049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"David","email":"ponce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peacock, Jared R. 0000-0002-0439-0224","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0439-0224","contributorId":210082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacock","given":"Jared R.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":140769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70222079,"text":"70222079 - 2020 - Shift in the Raman symmetric stretching band of N2, CO2, and CH4 as a function of temperature, pressure, and density","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-20T11:43:16.251262","indexId":"70222079","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-19T10:49:53","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5508,"text":"Journal of Raman Spectroscopy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Shift in the Raman symmetric stretching band of N2, CO2, and CH4 as a function of temperature, pressure, and density","title":"Shift in the Raman symmetric stretching band of N2, CO2, and CH4 as a function of temperature, pressure, and density","docAbstract":"

The Raman spectra of pure N2, CO2, and CH4 were analyzed over the range 10 to 500 bars and from −160°C to 200°C (N2), 22°C to 350°C (CO2), and −100°C to 450°C (CH4). At constant temperature, Raman peak position, including the more intense CO2 peak (ν+), decreases (shifts to lower wave number) with increasing pressure for all three gases over the entire pressure and temperature (PT) range studied. At constant pressure, the peak position for CO2 and CH4 increases (shifts to higher wave number) with increasing temperature over the entire PT range studied. In contrast, N2 first shows an increase in peak position with increasing temperature at constant pressure, followed by a decrease in peak position with increasing temperature. The inflection temperature at which the trend reverses for N2 is located between 0°C and 50°C at pressures above ~50 bars and is pressure dependent. Below ~50 bars, the inflection temperature was observed as low as −120°C. The shifts in Raman peak positions with PT are related to relative density changes, which reflect changes in intermolecular attraction and repulsion. A conceptual model relating the Raman spectral properties of N2, CO2, and CH4 to relative density (volume) changes and attractive and repulsive forces is presented here. Additionally, reduced temperature-dependent densimeters and barometers are presented for each pure component over the respective PT ranges. The Raman spectral behavior of the pure gases as a function of temperature and pressure is assessed to provide a framework for understanding the behavior of each component in multicomponent N2-CO2-CH4 gas systems in a future study.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jrs.5805","usgsCitation":"Sublett, D.M., Sendula, E., Lamadrid, H., Steele-MacInnis, M., Spiekermann, G., Burruss, R., and Bodnar, R., 2020, Shift in the Raman symmetric stretching band of N2, CO2, and CH4 as a function of temperature, pressure, and density: Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, v. 51, no. 3, p. 555-568, https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.5805.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"555","endPage":"568","ipdsId":"IP-111317","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.5805","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387232,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sublett, D. Matthew","contributorId":261188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sublett","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sendula, Eszter","contributorId":261189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sendula","given":"Eszter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lamadrid, Hector","contributorId":261190,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamadrid","given":"Hector","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steele-MacInnis, Matthew","contributorId":261191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steele-MacInnis","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36696,"text":"University of Alberta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Spiekermann, Georg","contributorId":261192,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spiekermann","given":"Georg","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52768,"text":". Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Potsdam","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Burruss, Robert 0000-0001-6827-804X burruss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-804X","contributorId":146833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burruss","given":"Robert","email":"burruss@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bodnar, Robert J.","contributorId":261193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bodnar","given":"Robert J.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70210758,"text":"70210758 - 2020 - Postmortem evaluation of reintroduced migratory whooping cranes (Grus americana) in eastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-21T16:54:08.35167","indexId":"70210758","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-19T10:17:53","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3768,"text":"Wildlife Disease","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Postmortem evaluation of reintroduced migratory whooping cranes (Grus americana) in eastern North America","title":"Postmortem evaluation of reintroduced migratory whooping cranes (Grus americana) in eastern North America","docAbstract":"

We reviewed necropsy records of 124 Whooping Cranes (Grus americana) recovered following reintroduction of 268 individuals from 2001 to 2016 in the eastern US. Causes of death were determined in 62% (77/124) of cases facilitated by active monitoring that limited decomposition and scavenging artifact. The greatest proportions of mortality were caused by predation (0.468; 95% confidence interval 0.356–0.580; 36/77), collision with power lines or vehicles (0.260; 0.162–0.358; 20/77), and gunshot (0.169; 0.085–0.253; 13/77). Six deaths were attributed to infection (0.078; 0.018–0.138; 6/77), including bacterial and fungal etiologies. Lead analysis of 50 liver samples yielded two results with elevated concentrations (3.65 and 10.97 ppm wet weight), and 10 bone samples from partial carcasses lacking suitable liver tissue resulted in one elevated result (48.82 ppm dry weight). These data indicate that underlying subclinical or clinical lead toxicosis may be a factor in up to 5% of deaths attributed to predation or impact trauma. Brain cholinesterase activity testing indicated no exposure to organophosphate or carbamate pesticides (mean±SD=17.32±2.90 µmol/min/g, 31/71). The causes of death and potential underlying factors summarized in this study constitute the first definitive mortality survey of migratory Whooping Cranes based on a high carcass recovery rate. Causes of death by infectious etiologies remained comparatively rare in this study, and occurred as single cases with no evidence of sustained transmission among reintroduced Whooping Cranes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/2019-05-124","usgsCitation":"Yaw, T.J., Miller, K.J., Lankton, J.S., and Hartup, B.K., 2020, Postmortem evaluation of reintroduced migratory whooping cranes (Grus americana) in eastern North America: Wildlife Disease, v. 56, no. 3, p. 673-678, https://doi.org/10.7589/2019-05-124.","productDescription":"6 p.; Data Release","startPage":"673","endPage":"678","ipdsId":"IP-104967","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375814,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":418310,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9MR4XN4"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Eastern North America","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.5517578125,\n 25.3241665257384\n ],\n [\n -79.8046875,\n 27.449790329784214\n ],\n [\n -80.947265625,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -75.1025390625,\n 35.88905007936091\n ],\n [\n -76.2451171875,\n 38.95940879245423\n ],\n [\n -76.11328125,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 39.774769485295465\n ],\n [\n -80.37597656249999,\n 41.96765920367816\n ],\n [\n -78.662109375,\n 47.66538735632654\n ],\n [\n -81.1669921875,\n 52.26815737376817\n ],\n [\n -92.59277343749999,\n 52.16045455774706\n ],\n [\n -96.94335937499999,\n 52.696361078274485\n ],\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -96.6357421875,\n 43.54854811091286\n ],\n [\n -95.97656249999999,\n 41.376808565702355\n ],\n [\n -97.3828125,\n 31.653381399664\n ],\n [\n -96.8994140625,\n 27.68352808378776\n ],\n [\n -92.8125,\n 28.844673680771795\n ],\n [\n -88.06640625,\n 29.305561325527698\n ],\n [\n -84.814453125,\n 29.267232865200878\n ],\n [\n -82.529296875,\n 27.01998400798257\n ],\n [\n -80.5517578125,\n 25.3241665257384\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yaw, Taylor J.","contributorId":225414,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yaw","given":"Taylor","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":41101,"text":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Kimberli J.G. 0000-0002-7947-0894","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7947-0894","contributorId":81447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Kimberli","email":"","middleInitial":"J.G.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lankton, Julia S. 0000-0002-6843-4388 jlankton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6843-4388","contributorId":5888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lankton","given":"Julia","email":"jlankton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hartup, Barry K.","contributorId":209630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hartup","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":16606,"text":"International Crane Foundation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70237931,"text":"70237931 - 2020 - The method controls the story - Sampling method impacts on the detection of pore-water nitrogen concentrations in streambeds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-01T16:00:00.148611","indexId":"70237931","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-19T09:50:57","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The method controls the story - Sampling method impacts on the detection of pore-water nitrogen concentrations in streambeds","docAbstract":"

Biogeochemical gradients in streambeds are steep and can vary over short distances often making adequate characterisation of sediment biogeochemical processes challenging. This paper provides an overview and comparison of streambed pore-water sampling methods, highlighting their capacity to address gaps in our understanding of streambed biogeochemical processes. This work reviews and critiques available pore-water sampling techniques to characterise streambed biogeochemical conditions, including their characteristic spatial and temporal resolutions, and associated advantages and limitations. A field study comparing three commonly-used pore-water sampling techniques (multilevel mini-piezometers, miniature drivepoint samplers and diffusive equilibrium in thin-film gels) was conducted to assess differences in observed nitrate and ammonium concentration profiles. Pore-water nitrate concentrations did not differ significantly between sampling methods (p-value = 0.54) with mean concentrations of 2.53, 4.08 and 4.02 mg l−1 observed with the multilevel mini-piezometers, miniature drivepoint samplers and diffusive equilibrium in thin-film gel samplers, respectively. Pore-water ammonium concentrations, however, were significantly higher in pore-water extracted by multilevel mini-piezometers (3.83 mg l−1) and significantly lower where sampled with miniature drivepoint samplers (1.05 mg l−1, p-values <0.01). Differences in observed pore-water ammonium concentration profiles between active (suction: multilevel mini-piezometers) and passive (equilibrium; diffusive equilibrium in thin-film gels) samplers were further explored under laboratory conditions. Measured pore-water ammonium concentrations were significantly greater when sampled by diffusive equilibrium in thin-film gels than with multilevel mini-piezometers (all p-values ≤0.02).

The findings of this study have critical implications for the interpretation of field-based research on hyporheic zone biogeochemical cycling and highlight the need for more systematic testing of sampling protocols. For the first time, the impact of different active and passive pore-water sampling methods is addressed systematically here, highlighting to what degree the choice of pore-water sampling methods affects research outcomes, with relevance for the interpretation of previously published work as well as future studies.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136075","usgsCitation":"Comer-Warner, S., Knapp, J.L., Blaen, P.J., Klaar, M., Shelley, F., Zarnetske, J.P., Lee-Cullen, J., Folegot, S., Kurz, M., Lewandowski, J., Harvey, J., Ward, A., Mendoza-Lera, C., Ullah, S., Datry, T., Kettridge, N., Gooddy, D., Drummond, J., Marti, E., Milner, A., Hannah, D., and Krause, S., 2020, The method controls the story - Sampling method impacts on the detection of pore-water nitrogen concentrations in streambeds: Science of the Total Environment, v. 709, 136075, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136075.","productDescription":"136075, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-114183","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458336,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136075","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":408992,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"709","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Comer-Warner, Sophie 0000-0003-1260-3151","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1260-3151","contributorId":298689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Comer-Warner","given":"Sophie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64658,"text":"Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knapp, Julia LA","contributorId":243624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knapp","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"LA","affiliations":[{"id":48754,"text":"Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blaen, Phillip J","contributorId":242774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blaen","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":48522,"text":"School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klaar, Megan","contributorId":298690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klaar","given":"Megan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64659,"text":"School of Geography and Water, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shelley, Felicity","contributorId":298691,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shelley","given":"Felicity","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64660,"text":"Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zarnetske, Jay P.","contributorId":210073,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zarnetske","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lee-Cullen, Joseph","contributorId":298692,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee-Cullen","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64662,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Folegot, Silvia","contributorId":298693,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Folegot","given":"Silvia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64663,"text":"Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Universitätsplatz 5 - piazza Università, 5 39100, Bozen-Bolzano","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kurz, Marie","contributorId":242783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kurz","given":"Marie","affiliations":[{"id":38143,"text":"The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lewandowski, Jorg","contributorId":298694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewandowski","given":"Jorg","affiliations":[{"id":64664,"text":"Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Department of Ecohydrology, Müggelseedamm 310, D-12587 Berlin, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Harvey, Judson 0000-0002-2654-9873","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":219104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Judson","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Ward, Adam 0000-0002-6376-0061","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6376-0061","contributorId":296003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40154,"text":"Indiana University Bloomington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Mendoza-Lera, Clara","contributorId":298695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mendoza-Lera","given":"Clara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64665,"text":"Department of Freshwater Conservation Brandenburg University of Technology BTU Cottbus–Senftenberg Bad Saarow Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Ullah, Sami","contributorId":298696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ullah","given":"Sami","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64658,"text":"Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Datry, Thibault 0000-0003-1390-6736","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1390-6736","contributorId":225166,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Datry","given":"Thibault","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41062,"text":"Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 69626 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Kettridge, Nicholas","contributorId":298784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kettridge","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":856386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Gooddy, Daren","contributorId":298785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gooddy","given":"Daren","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":856387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Drummond, Jennifer","contributorId":298786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drummond","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":856388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Marti, Eugenia","contributorId":243628,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marti","given":"Eugenia","affiliations":[{"id":48756,"text":"Integrative Freshwater Ecology Group, Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Milner, Alexander","contributorId":242787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milner","given":"Alexander","affiliations":[{"id":48522,"text":"School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Hannah, David","contributorId":242779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hannah","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":48522,"text":"School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Krause, Stefan","contributorId":242782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krause","given":"Stefan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48522,"text":"School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22}]}} ,{"id":70215091,"text":"70215091 - 2020 - The relative importance of wetland area versus habitat heterogeneity for promoting species richness and abundance of wetland birds in the Prairie Pothole Region, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-08T13:35:36.883808","indexId":"70215091","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-19T08:28:57","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relative importance of wetland area versus habitat heterogeneity for promoting species richness and abundance of wetland birds in the Prairie Pothole Region, USA","docAbstract":"

Recent work has suggested that a tradeoff exists between habitat area and habitat heterogeneity, with a moderate amount of heterogeneity supporting greatest species richness. Support for this unimodal relationship has been mixed and has differed among habitats and taxa. We examined the relationship between habitat heterogeneity and species richness after accounting for habitat area in glacially formed wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region in the United States at both local and landscape scales. We tested for area–habitat heterogeneity tradeoffs in wetland bird species richness, the richness of groups of similar species, and in species’ abundances. We then identified the habitat relationships for individual species and the relative importance of wetland area vs. habitat heterogeneity and other wetland characteristics. We found that habitat area was the primary driver of species richness and abundance. Additional variation in richness and abundance could be explained by habitat heterogeneity or other wetland and landscape characteristics. Overall avian species richness responded unimodally to habitat heterogeneity, suggesting an area–heterogeneity tradeoff. Group richness and abundance metrics showed either unimodal or linear relationships with habitat heterogeneity. Habitat heterogeneity indices at local and landscape scales were important for some, but not all, species and avian groups. Both abundance of individual species and species richness of most avian groups were higher on publicly owned wetlands than on privately owned wetlands, on restored wetlands than natural wetlands, and on permanent wetlands than on wetlands of other classes. However, we found that all wetlands examined, regardless of ownership, restoration status, and wetland class, supported wetland-obligate birds. Thus, protection of all wetland types contributes to species conservation. Our results support conventional wisdom that protection of large wetlands is a priority but also indicate that maintaining habitat heterogeneity will enhance biodiversity and support higher populations of individual species.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1093/condor/duz060","usgsCitation":"Elliott, L.H., Igl, L., and Johnson, D., 2020, The relative importance of wetland area versus habitat heterogeneity for promoting species richness and abundance of wetland birds in the Prairie Pothole Region, USA: The Condor, v. 122, no. 1, duz060, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duz060.","productDescription":"duz060, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-100551","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458338,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duz060","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379225,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Prairie Potholes Region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": 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-96.448974609375,\n 42.48830197960227\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"122","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, Lisa H.","contributorId":199322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elliott","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7201,"text":"University of Minnesota-St. Paul","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Igl, Lawrence 0000-0003-0530-7266","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-7266","contributorId":218901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Igl","given":"Lawrence","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":223588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70227481,"text":"70227481 - 2020 - Future losses of playa wetlands decrease network structure and connectivity of the Rainwater Basin, Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-19T12:50:27.021336","indexId":"70227481","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-19T06:45:48","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Future losses of playa wetlands decrease network structure and connectivity of the Rainwater Basin, Nebraska","docAbstract":"

Context

The Rainwater Basin in south-central Nebraska once supported a complex network of ~ 12,000 spatially-isolated playa wetlands, but ~ 90% have been lost since European settlement. Future losses are likely and expected reductions in connectivity could further isolate populations, increasing local extinction rates of many wetland species. However, to what extent future losses will affect wildlife likely depends on the role of lost wetlands in maintaining connectivity.

Objectives

We compared the current Rainwater Basin network to future wetland loss scenarios to assess minimum, mean, and maximum effects of losses on network connectivity for a range of wildlife taxa.

Methods

We used network models to rank wetlands by their functionality and relative importance in maintaining connectivity. We then removed 10–50% of high-ranked, low-ranked, or random subsets of wetlands and assessed connectivity of the remaining network.

Results

A 10% loss of highly-ranked wetlands substantially decreased connectivity for species with dispersal capabilities < 5.5 km, while a 40–50% loss reduced connectivity for all tested dispersal distances (0.5–12.0 km). When large proportions of highly-ranked wetlands were lost, the eastern and western halves of the Rainwater Basin network were no longer connected for any dispersal distance. Loss of low-ranked wetlands had minimal effects on network connectivity, until at least the lowest-ranked 50% were removed.

Conclusions

Many highly-ranked playa wetlands in the Rainwater Basin are currently unprotected and might disappear from the landscape. Protecting wetlands that are key in maintaining connectivity especially benefits species with limited dispersal capabilities (< 5.5 km) for which consequences of future habitat losses might be worst.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-019-00958-w","usgsCitation":"Verheijen, B.H., Varner, D.M., and Haukos, D.A., 2020, Future losses of playa wetlands decrease network structure and connectivity of the Rainwater Basin, Nebraska: Landscape Ecology, v. 35, p. 453-467, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-019-00958-w.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"453","endPage":"467","ipdsId":"IP-108305","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394501,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.4482421875,\n 40.07807142745009\n ],\n [\n -96.0205078125,\n 40.07807142745009\n ],\n [\n -96.0205078125,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n -99.4482421875,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n -99.4482421875,\n 40.07807142745009\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verheijen, Bram H.F.","contributorId":271195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Verheijen","given":"Bram","email":"","middleInitial":"H.F.","affiliations":[{"id":48533,"text":"ksu","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Varner, Dana M.","contributorId":271196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Varner","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40582,"text":"Rainwater Basin Joint Venture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207990,"text":"70207990 - 2020 - Variation of annual apparent survival and detection rates with age, year, and individual identity in male Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) from long-term mark-recapture data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-23T06:35:11","indexId":"70207990","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-19T06:33:36","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3103,"text":"Population Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation of annual apparent survival and detection rates with age, year, and individual identity in male Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) from long-term mark-recapture data","docAbstract":"Exploring age- and sex-specific survival rates provides insight regarding population behavior and life-history trait evolution, but many population studies exclude males. Accordingly, our understanding of how age-specific patterns of survival, including actuarial senescence, compare between the sexes remains inadequate. Using 35 years of mark-recapture data for 7,516 male Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) born in Erebus Bay, Antarctica, we estimated age- specific annual survival rates using a hierarchical model for mark-recapture data in a Bayesian framework. Our male survival estimates were moderate for pups and yearlings, highest for 2- year-olds, and gradually declined with age thereafter such that the oldest animals observed had the lowest rates of any age. Reports of senescence in other wildlife populations of species with similar longevity occurred at older ages than those presented here. When compared to recently published estimates for reproductive Weddell seal females, we found that peak survival rates were similar (males: 0.94, 95% CI = 0.92-0.96; females: 0.92, 95% CI = 0.93-0.95), but rates declined more rapidly in males. Costs of reproduction for males seem to exceed costs incurred by females, but age-specific reproductive data for males are necessary to fully evaluate survival- reproduction tradeoffs in males. Similar studies on a broad range of species are needed to contextualize these results for a better understanding of the variation in senescence patterns between the sexes of the same species, but our study adds information for a marine mammal species to a research topic dominated by avian and ungulate species.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/1438-390X.12036","usgsCitation":"Brusa, J.L., Rotella, J.J., Garrott, R.A., Paterson, J.T., and Link, W., 2020, Variation of annual apparent survival and detection rates with age, year, and individual identity in male Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) from long-term mark-recapture data: Population Ecology, v. 62, no. 1, p. 134-150, https://doi.org/10.1002/1438-390X.12036.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"134","endPage":"150","ipdsId":"IP-111162","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371490,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brusa, Jamie L.","contributorId":221719,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brusa","given":"Jamie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":780052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rotella, Jay J.","contributorId":37271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rotella","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5098,"text":"Department of Ecology, Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":780053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garrott, Robert A.","contributorId":171537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garrott","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paterson, J. Terrill","contributorId":206296,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paterson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Terrill","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":780055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Link, William 0000-0002-9913-0256","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":221718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"William","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70207414,"text":"70207414 - 2020 - Simulation of post-hurricane impact on invasive species with biological control management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-11T14:24:23","indexId":"70207414","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-18T14:57:46","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5881,"text":"Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems-A","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulation of post-hurricane impact on invasive species with biological control management","docAbstract":"

Understanding the effects of hurricanes and other large storms on ecological communities and the post-event recovery in these communities can guide management and ecosystem restoration. This is particularly important for communities impacted by invasive species, as the hurricane may affect control efforts. Here we consider the effect of a hurricane on tree communities in southern Florida that has been invaded by Melaleuca quinquevervia (melaleuca), an invasive Australian tree. Biological control agents were introduced starting in the 1990s and are reducing melaleuca in habitats where they are established. We used size-structured matrix modeling as a tool to project the continued possible additional effects of a hurricane on a pure stand of melaleuca that already had some level of biological control. The model results indicate that biological control could suppress or eliminate melaleuca within decades. A hurricane that does severe damage to the stand may accelerate the trend toward elimination of melaleuca with both strong and moderate biological control. However, if the biological control is weak, the stand is resilient to all but extremely severe hurricane damage. Although only a pure melaleuca stand was simulated in this study, other plants, such as natives, are likely to accelerate the decline of melaleuca due to competition. Our model provides a new tool to simulate post-hurricanes effect on invasive species and highlights the essential role that biological control has played on invasive species management.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Mathematical Sciences","doi":"10.3934/dcds.2020038","usgsCitation":"Xu, L., Zdechlik, M.C., Smith, M.C., Rayamajhi, M.B., DeAngelis, D., and Zhang, B., 2020, Simulation of post-hurricane impact on invasive species with biological control management: Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems-A, v. 40, no. 6, p. 4059-4071, https://doi.org/10.3934/dcds.2020038.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"4059","endPage":"4071","ipdsId":"IP-100870","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458343,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3934/dcds.2020038","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":370514,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.96875,\n 24.5271348225978\n ],\n [\n -79.8486328125,\n 24.5271348225978\n ],\n [\n -79.8486328125,\n 28.304380682962783\n ],\n [\n -82.96875,\n 28.304380682962783\n ],\n [\n -82.96875,\n 24.5271348225978\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, Linhao","contributorId":221358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xu","given":"Linhao","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40353,"text":"Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Jiangsu Province Key","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zdechlik, Marya Claire","contributorId":221359,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zdechlik","given":"Marya","email":"","middleInitial":"Claire","affiliations":[{"id":13532,"text":"Department of Biology, University of Miami","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Melissa C.","contributorId":221360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":40354,"text":"USDA-ARS Invasive Plant Research Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rayamajhi, Min B.","contributorId":191306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rayamajhi","given":"Min","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":33268,"text":"USDA-ARS Aquatic Weed Research Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DeAngelis, Don 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":221357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Don","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zhang, Bo","contributorId":146526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Bo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16714,"text":"Dept. of Biology, University of Miami","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":777929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70207455,"text":"70207455 - 2020 - Caribou use of habitat near energy development in Arctic Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-06T21:16:30.68736","indexId":"70207455","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-18T14:44:55","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Caribou use of habitat near energy development in Arctic Alaska","docAbstract":"Increasing demands for energy have generated interest in expanding oil and gas production on the North Slope of Alaska, raising questions about the resilience of barren-ground caribou populations to new development. Although the amount of habitat lost directly to energy development in the Arctic will likely be relatively small, there are significant concerns about habitat that may be indirectly impacted due to caribou avoidance behaviors. Behavioral responses to energy development for wildlife have been well-documented, but such responses are often assumed to dissipate over time, despite scant information on the ability of animals to habituate. To understand the long-term effects of energy development on barren-ground caribou we investigated the behavior of the Central Arctic Herd in northern Alaska, which has been exposed to oil development on its summer range for approximately 40 years. Using recent (2015-2017) location data from GPS collared females, we conducted a zone of influence analysis to assess whether caribou reduced their use of habitat near energy development, and if so, the distance the effects attenuated. We conducted this analysis for the calving, post-calving and mosquito harassment periods when caribou exhibit distinct resource selection patterns, and contrasted our results to past research that investigated the responses of the Central Arctic Caribou Herd immediately following the construction of the oil fields. Despite the long-term presence of energy development within the Central Arctic Herd summer range, we found that female caribou exhibited avoidance responses to infrastructure during all time periods, although the effects waned across the summer. Caribou reduced their use of habitat within 5 km of development during the calving period, within 2 km during the post-calving period, and within 1 km during the mosquito harassment period, areas which were predicted to overlap 12%, 15% and 17% of important calving, post-calving, and mosquito habitat areas, respectively. During the calving period, the indirect effects we observed were similar to those observed in past research, whereas during the post-calving and mosquito periods, we detected avoidance responses which had not been previously reported. These findings corroborate a growing body of evidence suggesting that habituation to industrial development in Arctic caribou is likely to be weak or absent, and emphasizes the value of minimizing the footprint of infrastructure within important seasonal habitat areas to reduce behavioral impacts to barren-ground caribou.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21809","usgsCitation":"Johnson, H.E., Golden, T., Adams, L., Gustine, D., and Lenart, E.A., 2020, Caribou use of habitat near energy development in Arctic Alaska: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 84, no. 3, p. 401-412, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21809.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"401","endPage":"412","ipdsId":"IP-108741","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458345,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21809","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":370513,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -164.53125,\n 67.33986082559095\n ],\n [\n -140.9765625,\n 67.33986082559095\n ],\n [\n -140.9765625,\n 71.35706654962706\n ],\n [\n -164.53125,\n 71.35706654962706\n ],\n [\n -164.53125,\n 67.33986082559095\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Heather E. 0000-0001-5392-7676 hejohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5392-7676","contributorId":205919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Heather","email":"hejohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Golden, Trevor","contributorId":221421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Golden","given":"Trevor","affiliations":[{"id":40372,"text":"Axiom Data Science (formerly with USGS)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gustine, David","contributorId":200449,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gustine","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lenart, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":209732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lenart","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70231750,"text":"70231750 - 2020 - An assessment of the representation of ecosystems in global protected areas using new maps of World Climate Regions and World Ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-26T10:55:38.004661","indexId":"70231750","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-18T10:19:20","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3871,"text":"Global Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An assessment of the representation of ecosystems in global protected areas using new maps of World Climate Regions and World Ecosystems","docAbstract":"

Representation of ecosystems in protected area networks and conservation strategies is a core principle of global conservation priority setting approaches and a commitment in Aichi Target 11 of the Convention on Biological Diversity. The 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) explicitly call for the conservation of terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems. Accurate ecosystem distribution maps are required to assess representation of ecosystems in protected areas, but standardized, high spatial resolution, and globally comprehensive ecosystem maps have heretofore been lacking. While macroscale global ecoregions maps have been used in global conservation priority setting exercises, they do not identify distinct localized ecosystems at the occurrence (patch) level, and instead describe large ecologically meaningful areas within which additional conservation planning and management are necessary. We describe a new set of maps of globally consistent climate regions and ecosystems at a much finer spatial resolution (250 m) than existing ecological regionalizations. We then describe a global gap analysis of the representation of these ecosystems in protected areas. The new map of terrestrial World Ecosystems was derived from the objective development and integration of 1) global temperature domains, 2) global moisture domains, 3) global landforms, and 4) 2015 global vegetation and land use. These new terrestrial World Ecosystems do not include either freshwater or marine ecosystems, but analog products for the freshwater and marine domains are in development. A total of 431 World Ecosystems were identified, and of these a total of 278 units were natural or semi-natural vegetation/environment combinations, including different kinds of forestlands, shrublands, grasslands, bare areas, and ice/snow regions. The remaining classes were different kinds of croplands and settlements. Of the 278 natural and semi-natural classes, 9 were not represented in global protected areas with a strict biodiversity conservation management objective (IUCN management categories I-IV), and an additional 206 were less than 8.5% protected (half way to the 17% Aichi Target 11 goal). Forty four classes were between 8.5% and 17% protected (more than half way towards the Aichi 17% target), and only 19 classes exceeded the 17% Aichi target. However, when all protected areas (IUCN management categories I-VI plus protected areas with no IUCN designation) were included in a separate global gap analysis, representation of ecosystems increases substantially, with a third of the ecosystems exceeding the 17% Aichi target, and another third between 8.5% and 17%. The overall protection (representation) of global ecosystems in protected areas is considerably less when assessed using only strictly conserved protected areas, and more if all protected areas are included in the analysis. Protected area effectiveness should be included in further evaluations of global ecosystem protection. The ecosystems with the highest representation in protected areas were often bare or sparsely vegetated and found in inhospitable environments (e.g. cold mountains, deserts), and the eight most protected ecosystems were all snow and ice ecosystems. In addition to the global gap analysis of World Ecosystems in protected areas, we report on the representation results for the ecosystems in each biogeographic realm (Neotropical, Nearctic, Afrotropical, Palearctic, Indomalayan, Australasian, and Oceania).

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00860","usgsCitation":"Sayre, R., Karagulle, D., Frye, C., Boucher, T., Wolff, N., Breyer, S., Wright, D., Martin, M.T., Butler, K., Van Graafeiland, K., Touval, J., Sotomayor, L., McGowan, J., Game, E.T., and Possingham, H.P., 2020, An assessment of the representation of ecosystems in global protected areas using new maps of World Climate Regions and World Ecosystems: Global Ecology and Conservation, v. 21, e00860, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00860.","productDescription":"e00860, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-114088","costCenters":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458348,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00860","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437186,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DO61LP","text":"USGS data 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P.","contributorId":20882,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Possingham","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12552,"text":"University of Queensland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":843642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70218766,"text":"70218766 - 2020 - Testing reproducibility of vitrinite and solid bitumen reflectance measurements in North American unconventional source-rock reservoir petroleum systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-12T14:30:22.076149","indexId":"70218766","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-18T08:10:01","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Testing reproducibility of vitrinite and solid bitumen reflectance measurements in North American unconventional source-rock reservoir petroleum systems","docAbstract":"

An interlaboratory study (ILS) was conducted to test reproducibility of vitrinite and solid bitumen reflectance measurements in six mudrock samples from United States unconventional source-rock reservoir petroleum systems. Samples selected from the Marcellus, Haynesville, Eagle Ford, Barnett, Bakken and Woodford are representative of resource plays currently under exploitation in North America. All samples are from marine depositional environments, are thermally mature (Tmax >445 °C) and have moderate to high organic matter content (2.9–11.6 wt% TOC). Their organic matter is dominated by solid bitumen, which contains intraparticle nano-porosity. Visual evaluation of organic nano-porosity (pore sizes < 100 nm) via SEM suggests that intraparticle organic nano-pores are most abundant in dry gas maturity samples and less abundant at lower wet gas/condensate and peak oil maturities. Samples were distributed to ILS participants in forty laboratories in the Americas, Europe, Africa and Australia; thirty-seven independent sets of results were received. Mean vitrinite reflectance (VRo) values from all ILS participants range from 0.90 to 1.83% whereas mean solid bitumen reflectance (BRo) values range from 0.85 to 2.04% (no outlying values excluded), confirming the thermally mature nature of all six samples. Using multiple statistical approaches to eliminate outlying values, we evaluated reproducibility limit R, the maximum difference between valid mean reflectance results obtained on the same sample by different operators in different laboratories using different instruments. Removal of outlying values where the individual signed multiple of standard deviation was >1.0 produced lowest R values, generally ≤0.5% (absolute reflectance), similar to a prior ILS for similar samples. Other traditional approaches to outlier removal (outside mean ± 1.5*interquartile range and outside F10 to F90 percentile range) also produced similar R values. Standard deviation values < 0.15*(VRo or BRo) reduce R and should be a requirement of dispersed organic matter reflectance analysis. After outlier removal, R values were 0.1%–0.2% for peak oil thermal maturity, about 0.3% for wet gas/condensate maturity and 0.4%–0.5% for dry gas maturity. That is, these R values represent the uncertainty (in absolute reflectance) that users of vitrinite and solid bitumen reflectance data should assign to any one individual reported mean reflectance value from a similar thermal maturity mudrock sample. R values of this magnitude indicate a need for further standardization of reflectance measurement of dispersed organic matter. Furthermore, these R values quantify realistic interlaboratory measurement dispersion for a difficult but critically important analytical technique necessary for thermal maturity determination in the source-rock reservoirs of unconventional petroleum systems.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.104172","usgsCitation":"Hackley, P.C., Araujo, C., Borrego, A.G., Bouzinos, A., Cardott, B.J., Carvajal-Ortiz, H., Rocio Lopez Cely, M., Chabalala, V., Crosdale, P.J., Demchuk, T.D., Eble, C.F., Flores, D., Furmann, A., Gentzis, T., Goncalves, P., Guvad, C., Hamor-Vido, M., Jelonek, I., Johnston, M., Juliao-Lemus, T., Kalaitzidis, S., Knowles, W., Kus, J., Li, Z., Macleod, G., Mastalerz, M., Rego Menezes, T., Ocubalidet, S., Orban, R., Pickel, W., Ranasinghe, P., Ribeiro, J., Gomez Rojas, O.P., Ruiz-Monroy, R., Schmidt, J., Seyedolali, A., Siavalas, G., Suarez-Ruiz, I., Vargas, C.V., Valentine, B.J., Wagner, N., Wrolson, B., and Jaramillo Zapata, J.E., 2020, Testing reproducibility of vitrinite and solid bitumen reflectance measurements in North American unconventional source-rock reservoir petroleum systems: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 114, 104172, 17 p., 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drylands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-01T13:26:38.240593","indexId":"70216701","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-18T07:21:02","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Traversing the wasteland: A framework for assessing ecological threats to drylands","docAbstract":"

Drylands cover 41% of the Earth's terrestrial surface, play a critical role in global ecosystem function, and are home to over two billion people. Like other biomes, drylands face increasing pressure from global change, but many of these ecosystems are close to tipping points, which, if crossed, can lead to abrupt transitions and persistent degraded states. Their limited but variable precipitation, low soil fertility, and low productivity have given rise to a perception that drylands are wastelands, needing societal intervention to bring value to them. Negative perceptions of drylands synergistically combine with conflicting sociocultural values regarding what constitutes a threat to these ecosystems. In the present article, we propose a framework for assessing threats to dryland ecosystems and suggest we must also combat the negative perceptions of drylands in order to preserve the ecosystem services that they offer.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biz126","usgsCitation":"Hoover, D.L., Bestelmeyer, B.T., Grimm, N.B., Huxman, T.E., Reed, S.C., Sala, O.E., Seastedt, T., Wilmer, H., and Ferrenberg, S., 2020, Traversing the wasteland: A framework for assessing ecological threats to drylands: BioScience, v. 70, no. 1, p. 35-47, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz126.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"47","ipdsId":"IP-106918","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458352,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz126","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380904,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.236328125,\n 33.94335994657882\n ],\n [\n -105.46875,\n 33.94335994657882\n ],\n [\n -105.46875,\n 39.977120098439634\n ],\n [\n -112.236328125,\n 39.977120098439634\n ],\n [\n -112.236328125,\n 33.94335994657882\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"70","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoover, David L. dlhoover@usgs.gov","contributorId":5843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoover","given":"David","email":"dlhoover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":805946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bestelmeyer, Brandon T.","contributorId":26180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bestelmeyer","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6973,"text":"USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range and Jornada Basin LTER, Las Cruces, NM; 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Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) were discovered in Yellowstone Lake in 1994 and their population expanded dramatically despite intensive suppression. The lake is species-depauperate, with no major lake trout embryo predators. We hypothesized that without this predation threat, lake trout free embryo feeding and growth may be greater than in their native range, leading to increased survival of age-0 individuals and rapid population growth. We compared length, developmental rate, and feeding patterns of lake trout free embryos captured at a spawning site in Yellowstone Lake with free embryos captured in their native range in Lake Champlain, Vermont. More embryos were feeding, contained more food, and were significantly longer at the same developmental stages in Yellowstone Lake. With an abundance of available food and minimal threat of predation, free embryos remained on the spawning site in Yellowstone Lake later into the summer than in Lake Champlain and achieved a greater maximum length before they dispersed. Greater food consumption and associated growth likely leads to high survival of lake trout free embryos in Yellowstone Lake, contributing to rapid population growth.

","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2019-0122","usgsCitation":"Simard, L.G., Marsden, J., Gresswell, R.E., and Euclide, M., 2020, Rapid early development and feeding benefits an invasive population of lake trout: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 77, no. 3, p. 496-504, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2019-0122.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"496","endPage":"504","ipdsId":"IP-106159","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501105,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/98728","text":"External Repository"},{"id":387200,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"New York, Quebec, Vermont, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Lake Champlain, Yellowstone Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.1873779296875,\n 44.305178455794234\n ],\n [\n -110.27664184570312,\n 44.55035619497771\n ],\n [\n -110.3466796875,\n 44.584599008752015\n ],\n [\n -110.41259765625,\n 44.569925985528336\n ],\n [\n -110.4510498046875,\n 44.53763230134611\n ],\n [\n -110.43594360351562,\n 44.49650533109348\n ],\n [\n -110.49911499023438,\n 44.46613109099745\n ],\n [\n -110.54443359375,\n 44.482789890501586\n ],\n [\n -110.5938720703125,\n 44.44456558540571\n ],\n [\n -110.57189941406249,\n 44.37785821716272\n ],\n [\n -110.489501953125,\n 44.39454219215587\n ],\n [\n -110.478515625,\n 44.42397290075389\n ],\n [\n -110.43319702148438,\n 44.41220239438348\n ],\n [\n -110.40847778320312,\n 44.39356091349481\n ],\n [\n -110.47027587890624,\n 44.362151308620156\n ],\n [\n -110.390625,\n 44.34840430835639\n ],\n [\n -110.3631591796875,\n 44.37196862007497\n ],\n [\n -110.36590576171875,\n 44.33170718680922\n ],\n [\n -110.35491943359375,\n 44.269788156801084\n ],\n [\n -110.1873779296875,\n 44.29141809546585\n ],\n [\n -110.1873779296875,\n 44.305178455794234\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.23760986328125,\n 44.22158376545796\n ],\n [\n -73.13873291015625,\n 44.476910857223224\n ],\n [\n -73.16619873046875,\n 44.5924231071787\n ],\n [\n -73.1304931640625,\n 44.859762688042736\n ],\n [\n -73.0535888671875,\n 45.0657615477031\n ],\n [\n -73.06732177734375,\n 45.09485258791474\n ],\n [\n -73.1304931640625,\n 45.11230010229608\n ],\n [\n -73.2623291015625,\n 45.26135531683859\n ],\n [\n -73.388671875,\n 45.03083274759959\n ],\n [\n -73.41339111328125,\n 44.8344477567128\n ],\n [\n -73.5205078125,\n 44.61197874551103\n ],\n [\n -73.44085693359375,\n 44.44358514592119\n ],\n [\n -73.3721923828125,\n 44.308126684886126\n ],\n [\n -73.47381591796875,\n 44.15856343854312\n ],\n [\n -73.4710693359375,\n 44.000717834282774\n ],\n [\n -73.38043212890625,\n 44.01652134387754\n ],\n [\n -73.23760986328125,\n 44.22158376545796\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"77","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simard, Lee G.","contributorId":194905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simard","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":819347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marsden, J Ellen","contributorId":239662,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marsden","given":"J Ellen","affiliations":[{"id":47957,"text":"Universtiy of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gresswell, Robert E. 0000-0003-0063-855X bgresswell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0063-855X","contributorId":152031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"Robert","email":"bgresswell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Euclide, Megan","contributorId":222034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Euclide","given":"Megan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13253,"text":"University of Vermont","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70219115,"text":"70219115 - 2020 - Fault fictions: Systematic biases in the conceptualization of fault-zone architecture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-24T12:30:48.087213","indexId":"70219115","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-16T07:29:20","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5279,"text":"Special Publications","onlineIssn":"0149-1768","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fault fictions: Systematic biases in the conceptualization of fault-zone architecture","docAbstract":"

Mental models are a human's internal representation of the real world and have an important role in the way we understand and reason about uncertainties, explore potential options and make decisions. Mental models have not yet received much attention in geosciences, yet systematic biases can affect any geological investigation: from how the problem is conceived, through selection of appropriate hypotheses and data collection/processing methods, to the conceptualization and communication of results. We draw on findings from cognitive science and system dynamics, with knowledge and experiences of field geology, to consider the limitations and biases presented by mental models in geoscience, and their effect on predictions of the physical properties of faults in particular. We highlight biases specific to geological investigations and propose strategies for debiasing. Doing so will enhance how multiple data sources can be brought together, and minimize controllable geological uncertainty to develop more robust geological models. Critically, there is a need for standardized procedures that guard against biases, permitting data from multiple studies to be combined and communication of assumptions to be made. While we use faults to illustrate potential biases in mental models and the implications of these biases, our findings can be applied across the geosciences.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of London","doi":"10.1144/SP496-2018-161","usgsCitation":"Shipton, Z.K., Roberts, J.J., L, C.E., Kremer, Y., Lunn, R.J., and Caine, J., 2020, Fault fictions: Systematic biases in the conceptualization of fault-zone architecture: Special Publications, v. 496, p. 125-143, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP496-2018-161.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"143","ipdsId":"IP-101941","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458358,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/view/author/742207.html>","text":"External Repository"},{"id":384631,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"496","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shipton, Zoe K 0000-0002-2268-7750","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2268-7750","contributorId":255721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shipton","given":"Zoe","email":"","middleInitial":"K","affiliations":[{"id":51656,"text":"University of Strathclyde","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roberts, Jennifer J","contributorId":255722,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roberts","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":51656,"text":"University of Strathclyde","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"L, Comrie Emma","contributorId":255723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"L","given":"Comrie","email":"","middleInitial":"Emma","affiliations":[{"id":51656,"text":"University of Strathclyde","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kremer, Yannick","contributorId":255724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kremer","given":"Yannick","affiliations":[{"id":51656,"text":"University of Strathclyde","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lunn, Rebecca J","contributorId":255725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lunn","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":51656,"text":"University of Strathclyde","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Caine, Jonathan Saul 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":199295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan Saul","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":812832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70208560,"text":"70208560 - 2020 - UAV-derived estimates of forest structure to inform ponderosa pine forest restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-19T16:23:52.408024","indexId":"70208560","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-16T06:54:21","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5347,"text":"Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"UAV-derived estimates of forest structure to inform ponderosa pine forest restoration","docAbstract":"

Restoring forest ecosystems has become an increasingly high priority for land managers across the American West. Millions of hectares of forest are in need of drastic yet strategic reductions in density (e.g., basal area). Meeting the restoration and management goals requires quantifying metrics of vertical and horizontal forest structure, which has relied upon field‐based measurements, manned airborne or satellite remote sensing datasets. We used unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV ) image‐derived Structure‐from‐Motion (SfM) models and high‐resolution multispectral orthoimagery in this study to quantify vertical and horizontal forest structure at both the fine‐ (<4 ha) and mid‐scales (4–400 ha) across a forest density gradient. We then used these forest structure estimates to assess specific objectives of a forest restoration treatment. At the fine‐scale, we found that estimates of individual tree height and canopy diameter were most accurate in low‐density conditions, with accuracies degrading significantly in high‐density conditions. Mid‐scale estimates of canopy cover and forest density followed a similar pattern across the density gradient, demonstrating the effectiveness of UAV image‐derived estimates in low‐ to medium‐density conditions as well as the challenges associated with high‐density conditions. We found that post‐treatment conditions met a majority of the prescription objectives and demonstrate the UAV image application in quantifying changes from a mechanical thinning treatment. We provide a novel approach to forest restoration monitoring using UAV ‐derived data, one that considers varying density conditions and spatial scales. Future research should consider a more spatially extensive sampling design, including different restoration treatments, as well as experimenting with different combinations of equipment, flight parameters, and data processing workflows.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rse2.137","usgsCitation":"Belmonte, A., Sankey, T.T., Biederman, J.A., Bradford, J.B., Goetz, S.J., Kolb, T., and Woolley, T., 2020, UAV-derived estimates of forest structure to inform ponderosa pine forest restoration: Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation, v. 6, no. 2, p. 181-197, https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.137.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"181","endPage":"197","ipdsId":"IP-113835","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.137","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":372377,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.150390625,\n 48.8936153614802\n ],\n [\n -123.48632812499999,\n 49.1242192485914\n ],\n [\n -123.22265625000001,\n 48.31242790407178\n ],\n [\n -125.595703125,\n 48.42920055556841\n ],\n [\n -124.76074218749999,\n 46.800059446787316\n ],\n [\n -125.33203125,\n 41.77131167976407\n ],\n [\n -124.4091796875,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -120.58593749999999,\n 34.05265942137599\n ],\n [\n -117.59765625,\n 32.84267363195431\n ],\n [\n -116.103515625,\n 32.69486597787505\n ],\n [\n -108.9404296875,\n 31.316101383495624\n ],\n [\n -106.2158203125,\n 31.914867503276223\n ],\n [\n -103.3154296875,\n 31.952162238024975\n ],\n [\n -102.216796875,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -101.953125,\n 40.78054143186033\n ],\n [\n -103.84277343749999,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -104.150390625,\n 48.8936153614802\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belmonte, Adam","contributorId":222546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belmonte","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40559,"text":"School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sankey, Temuulen T.","contributorId":173297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sankey","given":"Temuulen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7202,"text":"NAU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Biederman, Joel A.","contributorId":201939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biederman","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6758,"text":"USDA-ARS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goetz, Scott J.","contributorId":222547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goetz","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40559,"text":"School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kolb, Thomas","contributorId":174381,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kolb","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Woolley, Travis","contributorId":222548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woolley","given":"Travis","affiliations":[{"id":40560,"text":"The Nature Conservancy Northern Arizona Program, Flagstaff, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70209440,"text":"70209440 - 2020 - Time scales of arsenic variability and the role of high-frequency monitoring at three water-supply wells in New Hampshire, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-05T12:11:42.664539","indexId":"70209440","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-14T19:51:48","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Time scales of arsenic variability and the role of high-frequency monitoring at three water-supply wells in New Hampshire, USA","docAbstract":"

Groundwater geochemistry, redox process classification, high-frequency physicochemical and hydrologic measurements, and climate data were analyzed to identify controls on arsenic (As) concentration changes. Groundwater was monitored in two public-supply wells (one glacial aquifer and one bedrock aquifer), and one bedrock-aquifer domestic well in New Hampshire, USA, from 2014 to 2018 to identify time scales of and controls on As concentration changes. Concentrations of As and other geochemical constituents were measured bimonthly. Specific conductance (SC), pH, dissolved oxygen, and pumping rate/water level were measured at high frequency (every 5 to 15 min). Median (and 95% confidence interval) As concentrations at the three wells were 4.1 (3.7–4.6), 18.9 (17.2–23.6), and 37.5 (30.4–42.9) μg/L. Arsenic variability in each of the three wells, in relative standard deviation, ranged from 9 to 12%. Median quarterly As concentrations were highest in all wells in the spring. The bedrock-aquifer public-supply well As concentration increased over the period of study while pumping rate decreased. In the public-supply wells, As variability was correlated with SC and pH, and As species were related to SC, pH, pumping, precipitation, and changes in redox process. Specific conductance also had a seasonal pattern in the two public-supply wells and was correlated with Na and Cl. Excess Na in water samples suggests possible ion exchange with dissolved Ca, creating more capacity to dissolve CaCO3 from calcareous rocks, which can increase pH and in turn, As concentrations in wells. High-frequency monitoring data are cost effective to collect, which could be advantageous in other parts of the United States and in the many parts of the world where glacial aquifers are in direct contact with other water supply aquifers or where water from different aquifers have potential to mix.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135946","usgsCitation":"Degnan, J.R., Levitt, J.P., Erickson, M., Jurgens, B.C., Lindsey, B.D., and Ayotte, J.D., 2020, Time scales of arsenic variability and the role of high-frequency monitoring at three water-supply wells in New Hampshire, USA: Science of the Total Environment, v. 709, Report: 135946, 13 p.; Data Release, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135946.","productDescription":"Report: 135946, 13 p.; Data Release","ipdsId":"IP-107690","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458363,"rank":4,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135946","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437187,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9C2H7F4","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data for Time Scales of Arsenic Variability and the Role of High-Frequency Monitoring at Three Water-Supply Wells in New Hampshire, USA"},{"id":373803,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":373804,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5d0a2c07e4b0e3d3115de4cb","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data for Time Scales of Arsenic Variability and the Role of High-Frequency Monitoring at Three Water-Supply Wells in New Hampshire, USA"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.35595703125,\n 42.73087427928485\n ],\n [\n -71.19140625,\n 42.71473218539458\n ],\n [\n -70.94970703125,\n 42.76314586689492\n ],\n [\n -70.72998046875,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n -70.94970703125,\n 43.45291889355465\n ],\n [\n -71.08154296875,\n 45.259422036351694\n ],\n [\n -71.34521484375,\n 45.22848059584359\n ],\n [\n -71.54296874999999,\n 44.91813929958515\n ],\n [\n -71.7626953125,\n 44.38669150215206\n ],\n [\n -72.0703125,\n 44.10336537791152\n ],\n [\n -72.3779296875,\n 43.43696596521823\n ],\n [\n -72.4658203125,\n 42.74701217318067\n ],\n [\n -72.35595703125,\n 42.73087427928485\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"709","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Degnan, James R. 0000-0002-5665-9010 jrdegnan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5665-9010","contributorId":498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Degnan","given":"James","email":"jrdegnan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Levitt, Joseph P. 0000-0002-2058-9516 jlevitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2058-9516","contributorId":198353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levitt","given":"Joseph","email":"jlevitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Erickson, Melinda L. 0000-0002-1117-2866 merickso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1117-2866","contributorId":206446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Melinda","email":"merickso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jurgens, Bryant C. 0000-0002-1572-113X bjurgens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1572-113X","contributorId":127842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jurgens","given":"Bryant","email":"bjurgens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lindsey, Bruce D. 0000-0002-7180-4319 blindsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7180-4319","contributorId":175346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"Bruce","email":"blindsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ayotte, Joseph D. 0000-0002-1892-2738 jayotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1892-2738","contributorId":149619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayotte","given":"Joseph","email":"jayotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70207564,"text":"70207564 - 2020 - The assessment and remediation of mercury contaminated sites: A review of current approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-24T13:15:31","indexId":"70207564","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-13T13:15:25","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The assessment and remediation of mercury contaminated sites: A review of current approaches","docAbstract":"

Remediation of mercury (Hg) contaminated sites has long relied on traditional approaches, such as removal and containment/capping. Here we review contemporary practices in the assessment and remediation of industrial-scale Hg contaminated sites and discuss recent advances. Significant improvements have been made in site assessment, including the use of XRF to rapidly identify the spatial extent of contamination, Hg stable isotope fractionation to identify sources and transformation processes, and solid-phase characterization (XAFS) to evaluate Hg forms. The understanding of Hg bioavailability for methylation has been improved by methods such as sequential chemical extractions and porewater measurements, including the use of diffuse gradient in thin-film (DGT) samplers. These approaches have shown varying success in identifying bioavailable Hg fractions and further study and field applications are needed. The downstream accumulation of methylmercury (MeHg) in biota is a concern at many contaminated sites. Identifying the variables limiting/controlling MeHg production—such as bioavailable inorganic Hg, organic carbon, and/or terminal electron acceptors (e.g. sulfate, iron) is critical. Mercury can be released from contaminated sites to the air and water, both of which are influenced by meteorological and hydrological conditions. Mercury mobilized from contaminated sites is predominantly bound to particles, highly correlated with total sediment solids (TSS), and elevated during stormflow. Remediation techniques to address Hg contamination can include the removal or containment of Hg contaminated materials, the application of amendments to reduce mobility and bioavailability, landscape/waterbody manipulations to reduce MeHg production, and food web manipulations through stocking or extirpation to reduce MeHg accumulated in desired species. These approaches often rely on knowledge of the Hg forms/speciation at the site, and utilize physical, chemical, thermal and biological methods to achieve remediation goals. Overall, the complexity of Hg cycling allows many different opportunities to reduce/mitigate impacts, which creates flexibility in determining suitable and logistically feasible remedies.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136031","usgsCitation":"Eckley, C.S., Gilmour, C.C., Janssen, S., Luxton, T., Randall, P.M., Whalin, L., and Austin, C., 2020, The assessment and remediation of mercury contaminated sites: A review of current approaches: Science of the Total Environment, v. 707, 136031, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136031.","productDescription":"136031, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-111241","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458364,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6980986","text":"External Repository"},{"id":370681,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"707","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eckley, Chris S.","contributorId":167256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eckley","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilmour, Cynthia C","contributorId":221508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilmour","given":"Cynthia","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[{"id":13510,"text":"Smithsonian Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Janssen, Sarah E. 0000-0003-4432-3154","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4432-3154","contributorId":210991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janssen","given":"Sarah E.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Luxton, Todd P","contributorId":221509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luxton","given":"Todd P","affiliations":[{"id":40396,"text":"US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Randall, Paul M","contributorId":221510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Randall","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":40396,"text":"US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Whalin, Lindsay","contributorId":221511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whalin","given":"Lindsay","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40397,"text":"San Francisco Bay Water Board","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Austin, Carrie","contributorId":221512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Austin","given":"Carrie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40397,"text":"San Francisco Bay Water Board","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70218231,"text":"70218231 - 2020 - Seismo-acoustic evidence for vent drying during shallow submarine eruptions at Bogoslof volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-19T17:59:44.99221","indexId":"70218231","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-13T11:53:55","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7594,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology Special Issue on the Bogoslof Eruption","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismo-acoustic evidence for vent drying during shallow submarine eruptions at Bogoslof volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"

Characterizing the state of the volcanic vent is key for interpreting observational datasets and accurately assessing volcanic hazards. This is particularly true for remote, complex eruptions such as the 2016–2017 Bogoslof volcano, Alaska eruption sequence. Bogoslof’s eruptions in this period were either shallow submarine or subaerial, or some combination of both. Our results demonstrate how low-frequency sound waves (infrasound), integrated with seismic and satellite data, can provide unique insight into shallow vent processes, otherwise not available. We use simple metrics, such as the infrasound frequency index (FI), event duration, and acoustic-seismic amplitude ratio, to look at changes in the elastic energy radiation and infer changes in seawater access to the vent. Satellite imagery before and after selected eruptions is used to ground-truth inferences on vent conditions. High FI and gradual increases in infrasound frequency content at Bogoslof correspond with transitions from submarine to subaerial vent conditions and a diminished or absent role of water, likely resulting in a drying out of the vent region. Event durations generally correlate with high FI and the range of FI values for each event, suggesting long duration events were more effective at drying out the vent region. A trend from low to high acoustic-seismic amplitude ratios for some long duration events also suggests an increase in acoustic efficiency as the vent dried out. We demonstrate that infrasound can serve as a robust indicator of seawater involvement for Bogoslof and other shallow submarine eruptions that may not be inferable from other datasets, particularly in near-real-time.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-019-1326-5","usgsCitation":"Fee, D., Lyons, J.J., Haney, M.M., Wech, A., Waythomas, C.F., Diefenbach, A., Lopez, T., Van Eaton, A.R., and Schneider, D.J., 2020, Seismo-acoustic evidence for vent drying during shallow submarine eruptions at Bogoslof volcano, Alaska: Bulletin of Volcanology Special Issue on the Bogoslof Eruption, v. 82, 2, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-019-1326-5.","productDescription":"2, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-107901","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458366,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-019-1326-5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383378,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bogoslof volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": 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K.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lopez, Taryn","contributorId":237830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopez","given":"Taryn","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Van Eaton, Alexa R. 0000-0001-6646-4594 avaneaton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6646-4594","contributorId":184079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Eaton","given":"Alexa","email":"avaneaton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Schneider, David J. 0000-0001-9092-1054 djschneider@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9092-1054","contributorId":198601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"David","email":"djschneider@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":810544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70208852,"text":"70208852 - 2020 - Traveling to thermal refuges during stressful temperatures leads to foraging constraints in a central-place forager","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-03T11:28:40","indexId":"70208852","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-13T11:24:27","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Traveling to thermal refuges during stressful temperatures leads to foraging constraints in a central-place forager","docAbstract":"

Central-place foragers can be constrained by the distance between habitats. When an organism relies on a central place for thermal refuge, the distance to food resources can potentially constrain foraging behavior. We investigated the effect of distance between thermal refuges and forage patches of the cold-intolerant marine mammal, the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris), on foraging duration. We tested the alternative hypotheses of time minimization and energy maximization as a response to distance between habitats. We also determined if manatees mitigate foraging constraints with increased visits to closer thermal refuges. We used hidden Markov models to assign discrete behaviors from movement parameters as a function of water temperature and assessed the influence of distance on foraging duration in water temperatures above (> 20°C) and below (≤ 20°C) the lower critical limit of the thermoneutral zone of manatees. We found that with increased distance, manatees decreased foraging duration in cold water temperature and increased foraging duration in warmer temperatures. We also found that manatees returned to closer thermal refuges more often. Our results suggest that the spatial relationship of thermal and forage habitats can impact behavioral decisions regarding foraging. Addressing foraging behavior questions while considering thermoregulatory behavior implicates the importance of understanding changing environments on animal behavior, particularly in the face of current global change.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyz197","usgsCitation":"Haase, C.G., Fletcher, R.J., Slone, D.H., Reid, J.P., and Butler, S.M., 2020, Traveling to thermal refuges during stressful temperatures leads to foraging constraints in a central-place forager: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 101, no. 1, p. 271-280, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyz197.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"280","ipdsId":"IP-093855","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyz197","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":372851,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haase, Catherine G. 0000-0002-7682-0625 chaase@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7682-0625","contributorId":195794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haase","given":"Catherine","email":"chaase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":783667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fletcher, Robert J. Jr.","contributorId":41294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Robert","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slone, Daniel H. 0000-0002-9903-9727 dslone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9903-9727","contributorId":205617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slone","given":"Daniel","email":"dslone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":783669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reid, James P. 0000-0002-8497-1132 jreid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8497-1132","contributorId":3460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"James","email":"jreid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":783670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Butler, Susan M. 0000-0003-3676-9332 sbutler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-9332","contributorId":195796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"Susan","email":"sbutler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":783671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}