{"pageNumber":"637","pageRowStart":"15900","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40807,"records":[{"id":70048290,"text":"tm6A44 - 2013 - MODFLOW–LGR—Documentation of ghost node local grid refinement (LGR2) for multiple areas and the boundary flow and head (BFH2) package","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-19T14:06:20","indexId":"tm6A44","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-19T13:48:15","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6-A44","title":"MODFLOW–LGR—Documentation of ghost node local grid refinement (LGR2) for multiple areas and the boundary flow and head (BFH2) package","docAbstract":"This report documents the addition of ghost node Local Grid Refinement (LGR2) to MODFLOW-2005, the U.S. Geological Survey modular, transient, three-dimensional, finite-difference groundwater flow model. LGR2 provides the capability to simulate groundwater flow using multiple block-shaped higher-resolution local grids (a child model) within a coarser-grid parent model. LGR2 accomplishes this by iteratively coupling separate MODFLOW-2005 models such that heads and fluxes are balanced across the grid-refinement interface boundary. LGR2 can be used in two-and three-dimensional, steady-state and transient simulations and for simulations of confined and unconfined groundwater systems. Traditional one-way coupled telescopic mesh refinement methods can have large, often undetected, inconsistencies in heads and fluxes across the interface between two model grids. The iteratively coupled ghost-node method of LGR2 provides a more rigorous coupling in which the solution accuracy is controlled by convergence criteria defined by the user. In realistic problems, this can result in substantially more accurate solutions and require an increase in computer processing time. The rigorous coupling enables sensitivity analysis, parameter estimation, and uncertainty analysis that reflects conditions in both model grids. This report describes the method used by LGR2, evaluates accuracy and performance for two-and three-dimensional test cases, provides input instructions, and lists selected input and output files for an example problem. It also presents the Boundary Flow and Head (BFH2) Package, which allows the child and parent models to be simulated independently using the boundary conditions obtained through the iterative process of LGR2.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section A: Ground water in Book 6 <i>Modeling Techniques</i>","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm6A44","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, A Product of the Groundwater Resources Program; This report is Chapter 44 of Section A: Ground water in Book 6 <i>Modeling Techniques</i>","usgsCitation":"Mehl, S.W., and Hill, M.C., 2013, MODFLOW–LGR—Documentation of ghost node local grid refinement (LGR2) for multiple areas and the boundary flow and head (BFH2) package: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A44, viii, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6A44.","productDescription":"viii, 43 p.","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277921,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm6a44.gif"},{"id":277919,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/6a44/pdf/T&M6A-44.pdf"},{"id":277918,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/6a44/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523c0efce4b024b60d40725e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mehl, Steffen W. swmehl@usgs.gov","contributorId":975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehl","given":"Steffen","email":"swmehl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048250,"text":"70048250 - 2013 - Late Quaternary stratigraphy, sedimentology, and geochemistry of an underfilled lake basin in the Puna (north-west Argentina)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-18T10:01:44","indexId":"70048250","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-18T15:20:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":972,"text":"Basin Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Quaternary stratigraphy, sedimentology, and geochemistry of an underfilled lake basin in the Puna (north-west Argentina)","docAbstract":"Depositional models of ancient lakes in thin-skinned retroarc foreland basins rarely benefit from appropriate Quaternary analogues. To address this, we present new stratigraphic, sedimentological and geochemical analyses of four radiocarbon-dated sediment cores from the Pozuelos Basin (PB; northwest Argentina) that capture the evolution of this low-accommodation Puna basin over the past ca. 43 cal kyr. Strata from the PB are interpreted as accumulations of a highly variable, underfilled lake system represented by lake-plain/littoral, profundal, palustrine, saline lake and playa facies associations. The vertical stacking of facies is asymmetric, with transgressive and thin organic-rich highstand deposits underlying thicker, organic-poor regressive deposits. The major controls on depositional architecture and basin palaeogeography are tectonics and climate. Accommodation space was derived from piggyback basin-forming flexural subsidence and Miocene-Quaternary normal faulting associated with incorporation of the basin into the Andean hinterland. Sediment and water supply was modulated by variability in the South American summer monsoon, and perennial lake deposits correlate in time with several well-known late Pleistocene wet periods on the Altiplano/Puna plateau. Our results shed new light on lake expansion–contraction dynamics in the PB in particular and provide a deeper understanding of Puna basin lakes in general.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Basin Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/bre.12025","usgsCitation":"McGlue, M.M., Cohen, A.S., Ellis, G.S., and Kowler, A.L., 2013, Late Quaternary stratigraphy, sedimentology, and geochemistry of an underfilled lake basin in the Puna (north-west Argentina): Basin Research, v. 25, no. 6, p. 638-658, https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.12025.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"638","endPage":"658","numberOfPages":"21","ipdsId":"IP-039035","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277830,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277829,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bre.12025"}],"country":"Argentina","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -66.8408,-23.926 ], [ -66.8408,-21.064 ], [ -62.9956,-21.064 ], [ -62.9956,-23.926 ], [ -66.8408,-23.926 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"25","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523abd76e4b08cabd166cb00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGlue, Michael M. mmcglue@usgs.gov","contributorId":4091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGlue","given":"Michael","email":"mmcglue@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cohen, Andrew S.","contributorId":100989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, Geoffrey S. 0000-0003-4519-3320 gsellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-3320","contributorId":1058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gsellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kowler, Andrew L.","contributorId":36043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowler","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70048242,"text":"70048242 - 2013 - Caveats on tomographic images","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-18T15:17:27","indexId":"70048242","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-18T15:12:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3531,"text":"Terra Nova","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Caveats on tomographic images","docAbstract":"Geological and geodynamic models of the mantle often rely on joint interpretations of published seismic tomography images and petrological/geochemical data. This approach tends to neglect the fundamental limitations of, and uncertainties in, seismic tomography results. These limitations and uncertainties involve theory, correcting for the crust, the lack of rays throughout much of the mantle, the difficulty in obtaining the true strength of anomalies, choice of what background model to subtract to reveal anomalies, and what cross-sections to select for publication. The aim of this review is to provide a relatively non-technical summary of the most important of these problems, collected together in a single paper, and presented in a form accessible to non-seismologists. Appreciation of these issues is essential if final geodynamic models are to be robust, and required by the scientific observations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Terra Nova","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ter.12041","usgsCitation":"Foulger, G.R., Panza, G.F., Artemieva, I.M., Bastow, I.D., Cammarano, F., Evans, J.R., Hamilton, W.B., Julian, B.R., Lustrino, M., Thybo, H., and Yanovskaya, 2013, Caveats on tomographic images: Terra Nova, v. 25, no. 4, p. 258-281, https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12041.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"258","endPage":"281","numberOfPages":"23","ipdsId":"IP-043231","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473532,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1384842","text":"External Repository"},{"id":277828,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277804,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ter.12041"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-04-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523abd71e4b08cabd166cae4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foulger, Gillian R.","contributorId":34796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foulger","given":"Gillian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Panza, Giuliano F.","contributorId":58933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Panza","given":"Giuliano","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Artemieva, Irina M.","contributorId":103171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Artemieva","given":"Irina","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bastow, Ian D.","contributorId":91780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bastow","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cammarano, Fabio","contributorId":15924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cammarano","given":"Fabio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Evans, John R. jrevans@usgs.gov","contributorId":529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"John","email":"jrevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hamilton, Warren B.","contributorId":74664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Warren","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Julian, Bruce R.","contributorId":50063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julian","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lustrino, Michele","contributorId":63711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lustrino","given":"Michele","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Thybo, Hans","contributorId":62129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thybo","given":"Hans","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Yanovskaya","contributorId":128096,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Yanovskaya","id":535593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70048247,"text":"fs20133051 - 2013 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T16:04:57","indexId":"fs20133051","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-18T14:48:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3051","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Minnesota","docAbstract":"Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of Minnesota, elevation data are critical for agriculture and precision farming, natural resources conservation, flood risk management, infrastructure and construction management, water supply and quality, coastal zone management, and other business uses. Today, high-quality light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the sources for creating elevation models and other elevation datasets. Federal, State, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data, on a national basis, that are (on average) 30 years old and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data. The new 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other three-dimensional representations of the Nation’s natural and constructed features.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133051","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2013, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3051, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133051.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":277825,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133051.gif"},{"id":277823,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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Jr. carswell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"William J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"carswell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70048245,"text":"ofr20131160 - 2013 - Design of Cycle 3 of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, 2013-23: Part 2: Science plan for improved water-quality information and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-07T17:05:29","indexId":"ofr20131160","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-18T13:55:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1160","subseriesTitle":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","title":"Design of Cycle 3 of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, 2013-23: Part 2: Science plan for improved water-quality information and management","docAbstract":"This report presents a science strategy for the third decade of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, which since 1991, has been responsible for providing nationally consistent information on the quality of the Nation's streams and groundwater; how water quality is changing over time; and the major natural and human factors that affect current water quality conditions and trends. The strategy is based on an extensive evaluation of the accomplishments of NAWQA over its first two decades, the current status of water-quality monitoring activities by USGS and its partners, and an updated analysis of stakeholder priorities. The plan is designed to address priority issues and national needs identified by NAWQA stakeholders and the National Research Council (2012) irrespective of budget constraints. This plan describes four major goals for the third decade (Cycle 3), the approaches for monitoring, modeling, and scientific studies, key partnerships required to achieve these goals, and products and outcomes that will result from planned assessment activities. The science plan for 2013–2023 is a comprehensive approach to meet stakeholder priorities for: (1) rebuilding NAWQA monitoring networks for streams, rivers, and groundwater, and (2) upgrading models used to extrapolate and forecast changes in water-quality and stream ecosystem condition in response to changing climate and land use. The Cycle 3 plan continues approaches that have been central to the Program’s long-term success, but adjusts monitoring intensities and study designs to address critical information needs and identified data gaps. Restoration of diminished monitoring networks and new directions in modeling and interpretative studies address growing and evolving public and stakeholder needs for water-quality information and improved management, particularly in the face of increasing challenges related to population growth, increasing demands for water, and changing land use and climate. However, a combination of funding growth and extensive collaboration with other USGS programs and other Federal, State, and local agencies, public interest groups, professional and trade associations, academia, and private industry will be needed to fully realize the monitoring and modeling goals laid out in this plan (USGS Fact Sheet 2013-3008).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131160","usgsCitation":"Rowe, G.L., Belitz, K., Demas, C.R., Essaid, H.I., Gilliom, R.J., Hamilton, P.A., Hoos, A.B., Lee, C., Munn, M.D., and Wolock, D.W., 2013, Design of Cycle 3 of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, 2013-23: Part 2: Science plan for improved water-quality information and management: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1160, xiv, 110 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131160.","productDescription":"xiv, 110 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":277822,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131160.gif"},{"id":277820,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1160/"},{"id":277821,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1160/pdf/OF13-1160.pdf"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523abd72e4b08cabd166cae8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowe, Gary L. glrowe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"Gary","email":"glrowe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Demas, Charlie R.","contributorId":11929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demas","given":"Charlie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Essaid, Hedeff I. 0000-0003-0154-8628 hiessaid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-8628","contributorId":2284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essaid","given":"Hedeff","email":"hiessaid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hamilton, Pixie A. pahamilt@usgs.gov","contributorId":1068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Pixie","email":"pahamilt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hoos, Anne B. abhoos@usgs.gov","contributorId":2236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoos","given":"Anne","email":"abhoos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lee, Casey J. 0000-0002-5753-2038","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5753-2038","contributorId":31062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Casey J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Munn, Mark D. 0000-0002-7154-7252 mdmunn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7154-7252","contributorId":976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munn","given":"Mark","email":"mdmunn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wolock, David W.","contributorId":64357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70048233,"text":"70048233 - 2013 - Probabilistic accounting of uncertainty in forecasts of species distributions under climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-23T14:48:52","indexId":"70048233","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-18T10:34:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Probabilistic accounting of uncertainty in forecasts of species distributions under climate change","docAbstract":"Forecasts of species distributions under future climates are inherently uncertain, but there have been few attempts to describe this uncertainty comprehensively in a probabilistic manner. We developed a Monte Carlo approach that accounts for uncertainty within generalized linear regression models (parameter uncertainty and residual error), uncertainty among competing models (model uncertainty), and uncertainty in future climate conditions (climate uncertainty) to produce site-specific frequency distributions of occurrence probabilities across a species’ range. We illustrated the method by forecasting suitable habitat for bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) in the Interior Columbia River Basin, USA, under recent and projected 2040s and 2080s climate conditions. The 95% interval of total suitable habitat under recent conditions was estimated at 30.1–42.5 thousand km; this was predicted to decline to 0.5–7.9 thousand km by the 2080s. Projections for the 2080s showed that the great majority of stream segments would be unsuitable with high certainty, regardless of the climate data set or bull trout model employed. The largest contributor to uncertainty in total suitable habitat was climate uncertainty, followed by parameter uncertainty and model uncertainty. Our approach makes it possible to calculate a full distribution of possible outcomes for a species, and permits ready graphical display of uncertainty for individual locations and of total habitat.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Change Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons Ltd","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12294","usgsCitation":"Wenger, S.J., Som, N.A., Dauwalter, D.C., Isaak, D.J., Neville, H.M., Luce, C.H., Dunham, J., Young, M.K., Fausch, K., and Rieman, B.E., 2013, Probabilistic accounting of uncertainty in forecasts of species distributions under climate change: Global Change Biology, v. 19, no. 11, p. 3343-3354, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12294.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"3343","endPage":"3354","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-048847","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277803,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277801,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12294"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Montana","otherGeospatial":"Interior Columbia River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.53,41.86 ], [ -117.53,49.0 ], [ -110.19,49.0 ], [ -110.19,41.86 ], [ -117.53,41.86 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"19","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523abd77e4b08cabd166cb04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wenger, Seth J.","contributorId":64786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wenger","given":"Seth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Som, Nicholas A.","contributorId":36039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Som","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dauwalter, Daniel C.","contributorId":69879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dauwalter","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Isaak, Daniel J.","contributorId":57202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isaak","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Neville, Helen M.","contributorId":21273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neville","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Luce, Charles H.","contributorId":65980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luce","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dunham, Jason B.","contributorId":64791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Young, Michael K.","contributorId":34253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fausch, Kurt D. 0000-0001-5825-7560","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-7560","contributorId":29370,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fausch","given":"Kurt D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rieman, Bruce E.","contributorId":107420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rieman","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70048231,"text":"70048231 - 2013 - Evaluating the effectiveness of an ultrasonic acoustic deterrent for reducing bat fatalities at wind turbines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-18T10:10:05","indexId":"70048231","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-18T09:34:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the effectiveness of an ultrasonic acoustic deterrent for reducing bat fatalities at wind turbines","docAbstract":"Large numbers of bats are killed by wind turbines worldwide and minimizing fatalities is critically important to bat conservation and acceptance of wind energy development. We implemented a 2-year study testing the effectiveness of an ultrasonic acoustic deterrent for reducing bat fatalities at a wind energy facility in Pennsylvania. We randomly selected control and treatment turbines that were searched daily in summer and fall 2009 and 2010. Estimates of fatality, corrected for field biases, were compared between treatment and control turbines. In 2009, we estimated 21–51% fewer bats were killed per treatment turbine than per control turbine. In 2010, we determined an approximate 9% inherent difference between treatment and control turbines and when factored into our analysis, variation increased and between 2% more and 64% fewer bats were killed per treatment turbine relative to control turbines. We estimated twice as many hoary bats were killed per control turbine than treatment turbine, and nearly twice as many silver-haired bats in 2009. In 2010, although we estimated nearly twice as many hoary bats and nearly 4 times as many silver-haired bats killed per control turbine than at treatment turbines during the treatment period, these only represented an approximate 20% increase in fatality relative to the pre-treatment period for these species when accounting for inherent differences between turbine sets. Our findings suggest broadband ultrasound broadcasts may reduce bat fatalities by discouraging bats from approaching sound sources. However, effectiveness of ultrasonic deterrents is limited by distance and area ultrasound can be broadcast, in part due to rapid attenuation in humid conditions. We caution that an operational deterrent device is not yet available and further modifications and experimentation are needed. Future efforts must also evaluate cost-effectiveness of deterrents in relation to curtailment strategies to allow a cost-benefit analysis for mitigating bat fatalities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0065794","usgsCitation":"Arnett, E.B., Hein, C.D., Schirmacher, M.R., Huso, M., and Szewczak, J.M., 2013, Evaluating the effectiveness of an ultrasonic acoustic deterrent for reducing bat fatalities at wind turbines: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 6, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065794.","productDescription":"11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-051349","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473534,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065794","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":277796,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277793,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065794"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Columbia County;Schuylkill County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.6755,40.6585 ], [ -76.6755,41.1023 ], [ -75.835,41.1023 ], [ -75.835,40.6585 ], [ -76.6755,40.6585 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523abd74e4b08cabd166caf0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arnett, Edward B.","contributorId":39339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnett","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hein, Cris D.","contributorId":73910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hein","given":"Cris","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12591,"text":"Bat Conservation International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":484062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schirmacher, Michael R.","contributorId":76635,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schirmacher","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12591,"text":"Bat Conservation International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":484063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huso, Manuela M.P.","contributorId":80566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huso","given":"Manuela M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Szewczak, Joseph M.","contributorId":30127,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Szewczak","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6958,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":484060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70048232,"text":"70048232 - 2013 - Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) affects vegetation more than seed banks in mixed-grass prairies of the Northern Great Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-16T10:46:36","indexId":"70048232","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T15:18:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2100,"text":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) affects vegetation more than seed banks in mixed-grass prairies of the Northern Great Plains","docAbstract":"Exotic plants have the ability to modify soil seed banks in habitats they invade, but little is known about the legacy of invasion on seed banks once an exotic plant has successfully been controlled. Natural areas previously invaded by leafy spurge in the northern Great Plains typically have one of two fates following its removal: a return of native plants, or a secondary invasion of other exotic plants. It is unknown, however, if this difference in plant communities following leafy spurge control is due to seed bank differences. To answer this question, we monitored seed banks and standing vegetation for 2 yr in mixed-grass prairies that were previously invaded by leafy spurge but controlled within 5 yr of our study. We found that native plant seed banks were largely intact in areas previously invaded by leafy spurge, regardless of the current living plant community, and leafy spurge invasion history had a larger impact on cover and diversity of the vegetation than on the seed banks. Differences in plant communities following leafy spurge control do not appear to be related to the seed banks, and soil conditions may be more important in determining trajectories of these postinvasion communities.","language":"English","publisher":"Weed Science Society of America","doi":"10.1614/IPSM-D-12-00076.1","usgsCitation":"Larson, D.L., Haines, D.F., and Larson, J.L., 2013, Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) affects vegetation more than seed banks in mixed-grass prairies of the Northern Great Plains: Invasive Plant Science and Management, v. 6, no. 3, p. 416-432, https://doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-D-12-00076.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"416","endPage":"432","ipdsId":"IP-041036","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277716,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277677,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-D-12-00076.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Theodore Roosevelt National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -103.643161,46.886562 ], [ -103.643161,47.075279 ], [ -103.242968,47.075279 ], [ -103.242968,46.886562 ], [ -103.643161,46.886562 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52396bf8e4b04b9308ae4e2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, Diane L. 0000-0001-5202-0634 dlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5202-0634","contributorId":2120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Diane","email":"dlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haines, Dustin F.","contributorId":70052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haines","given":"Dustin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larson, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-6259-0101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6259-0101","contributorId":68144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70125466,"text":"70125466 - 2013 - Obtaining changes in calibration-coil to seismometer output constants using sine waves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-17T15:07:28","indexId":"70125466","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T14:59:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Obtaining changes in calibration-coil to seismometer output constants using sine waves","docAbstract":"The midband sensitivity of a broadband seismometer is one of the most commonly used parameters from station metadata. Thus, it is critical for station operators to robustly estimate this quantity with a high degree of accuracy. We develop an <i>in situ</i> method for estimating changes in sensitivity using sine‐wave calibrations, assuming the calibration coil and its drive are stable over time and temperature. This approach has been used in the past for passive instruments (e.g., geophones) but has not been applied, to our knowledge, to derive sensitivities of modern force‐feedback broadband seismometers. We are able to detect changes in sensitivity to well within 1%, and our method is capable of detecting these sensitivity changes using any frequency of sine calibration within the passband of the instrument.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120130128","usgsCitation":"Ringler, A.T., Hutt, C.R., Gee, L., Sandoval, L.D., and Wilson, D., 2013, Obtaining changes in calibration-coil to seismometer output constants using sine waves: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 104, no. 1, p. 582-586, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120130128.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"582","endPage":"586","ipdsId":"IP-050909","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294072,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294071,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120130128"}],"volume":"104","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541aa2a1e4b01571b3d51ce5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ringler, Adam T. 0000-0002-9839-4188 aringler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-4188","contributorId":3946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringler","given":"Adam","email":"aringler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutt, Charles R. 0000-0001-9033-9195 bhutt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9033-9195","contributorId":1622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutt","given":"Charles","email":"bhutt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gee, Lind S. lgee@usgs.gov","contributorId":2247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"Lind S.","email":"lgee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sandoval, Leo D. lsandoval@usgs.gov","contributorId":5391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandoval","given":"Leo","email":"lsandoval@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":501475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilson, David C. dwilson@usgs.gov","contributorId":4588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"David C.","email":"dwilson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70125481,"text":"70125481 - 2013 - Parasites affect food web structure primarily through increased diversity and complexity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-17T14:38:58","indexId":"70125481","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T14:36:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2979,"text":"PLoS Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parasites affect food web structure primarily through increased diversity and complexity","docAbstract":"Comparative research on food web structure has revealed generalities in trophic organization, produced simple models, and allowed assessment of robustness to species loss. These studies have mostly focused on free-living species. Recent research has suggested that inclusion of parasites alters structure. We assess whether such changes in network structure result from unique roles and traits of parasites or from changes to diversity and complexity. We analyzed seven highly resolved food webs that include metazoan parasite data. Our analyses show that adding parasites usually increases link density and connectance (simple measures of complexity), particularly when including concomitant links (links from predators to parasites of their prey). However, we clarify prior claims that parasites ‘‘dominate’’ food web links. Although parasites can be involved in a majority of links, in most cases classic predation links outnumber classic parasitism links. Regarding network structure, observed changes in degree distributions, 14 commonly studied metrics, and link probabilities are consistent with scale-dependent changes in structure associated with changes in diversity and complexity. Parasite and free-living species thus have similar effects on these aspects of structure. However, two changes point to unique roles of parasites. First, adding parasites and concomitant links strongly alters the frequency of most motifs of interactions among three taxa, reflecting parasites’ roles as resources for predators of their hosts, driven by trophic intimacy with their hosts. Second, compared to free-living consumers, many parasites’ feeding niches appear broader and less contiguous, which may reflect complex life cycles and small body sizes. This study provides new insights about generic versus unique impacts of parasites on food web structure, extends the generality of food web theory, gives a more rigorous framework for assessing the impact of any species on trophic organization, identifies limitations of current food web models, and provides direction for future structural and dynamical models.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"PLoS Biology","doi":"10.1371/journal.pbio.1001579","usgsCitation":"Dunne, J.A., Lafferty, K.D., Dobson, A.P., Hechinger, R., Kuris, A.M., Martinez, N.D., McLaughlin, J.P., Mouritsen, K.N., Poulin, R., Reise, K., Stouffer, D.B., Thieltges, D.W., Williams, R.J., and Zander, C.D., 2013, Parasites affect food web structure primarily through increased diversity and complexity: PLoS Biology, v. 11, no. 6, e1001579; 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001579.","productDescription":"e1001579; 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-043169","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473538,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001579","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294067,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294016,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001579"}],"volume":"11","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541aa2a2e4b01571b3d51cf7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunne, Jennifer A.","contributorId":28538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunne","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dobson, Andrew P.","contributorId":63693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobson","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hechinger, Ryan F.","contributorId":73730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hechinger","given":"Ryan F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuris, Armand M.","contributorId":54332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuris","given":"Armand","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Martinez, Neo D.","contributorId":86270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinez","given":"Neo","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McLaughlin, John P.","contributorId":17153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mouritsen, Kim N.","contributorId":59360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mouritsen","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Poulin, Robert","contributorId":106813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poulin","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Reise, Karsten","contributorId":62527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reise","given":"Karsten","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Stouffer, Daniel B.","contributorId":67423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stouffer","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Thieltges, David W.","contributorId":56163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieltges","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Williams, Richard J.","contributorId":34443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Zander, Claus Dieter","contributorId":45638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zander","given":"Claus","email":"","middleInitial":"Dieter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70048230,"text":"sir20135122 - 2013 - Preliminary groundwater flow model of the basin-fill aquifers in Detrital, Hualapai, and Sacramento Valleys, Mohave County, northwestern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-17T14:43:50","indexId":"sir20135122","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T14:33:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5122","title":"Preliminary groundwater flow model of the basin-fill aquifers in Detrital, Hualapai, and Sacramento Valleys, Mohave County, northwestern Arizona","docAbstract":"Preliminary numerical models were developed to simulate groundwater flow in the basin-fill alluvium in Detrital, Hualapai, and Sacramento Valleys in northwestern Arizona. The purpose of this exercise was to gather and evaluate available information and data, to test natural‑recharge concepts, and to indicate directions for improving future regional groundwater models of the study area. Both steady-state and transient models were developed with a single layer incorporating vertically averaged hydraulic properties over the model layer. Boundary conditions for the models were constant-head cells along the northern and western edges of the study area, corresponding to the location of the Colorado River, and no-flow boundaries along the bedrock ridges that bound the rest of the study area, except for specified flow where Truxton Wash enters the southern end of Hualapai Valley. Steady-state conditions were simulated for the pre-1935 period, before the construction of Hoover Dam in the northwestern part of the model area. Two recharge scenarios were investigated using the steady-state model—one in which natural aquifer recharge occurs directly in places where water is available from precipitation, and another in which natural aquifer recharge from precipitation occurs in the basin-fill alluvium that drains areas of available water. A transient model with 31 stress periods was constructed to simulate groundwater flow for the period 1935–2010. The transient model incorporates changing Colorado River, Lake Mead, and Lake Mohave water levels and includes time-varying groundwater withdrawals and aquifer recharge. Both the steady-state and transient models were calibrated to available water-level observations in basin-fill alluvium, and simulations approximate observed water-level trends throughout most of the study area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135122","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arizona Department of Water Resources and Mohave County, Arizona","usgsCitation":"Tillman, F., Garner, B.D., and Truini, M., 2013, Preliminary groundwater flow model of the basin-fill aquifers in Detrital, Hualapai, and Sacramento Valleys, Mohave County, northwestern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5122, vii, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135122.","productDescription":"vii, 52 p.","numberOfPages":"64","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277661,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135122.PNG"},{"id":277659,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5122/"},{"id":277660,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5122/pdf/sir2013-5122.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Mohave County","otherGeospatial":"Detrital Valley;Hualapai Valley;Sacramento Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.7556,34.3097 ], [ -114.7556,36.2247 ], [ -112.7119,36.2247 ], [ -112.7119,34.3097 ], [ -114.7556,34.3097 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52396bf9e4b04b9308ae4e34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillman, Fred D. 0000-0002-2922-402X ftillman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2922-402X","contributorId":1629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillman","given":"Fred D.","email":"ftillman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garner, Bradley D. 0000-0002-6912-5093 bdgarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6912-5093","contributorId":2133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garner","given":"Bradley","email":"bdgarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5054,"text":"Office of Water Information","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Truini, Margot mtruini@usgs.gov","contributorId":599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truini","given":"Margot","email":"mtruini@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70125644,"text":"70125644 - 2013 - Host range, host ecology, and distribution of more than 11800 fish parasite species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-17T13:34:45","indexId":"70125644","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Host range, host ecology, and distribution of more than 11800 fish parasite species","docAbstract":"Our data set includes 38 008 fish parasite records (for Acanthocephala, Cestoda, Monogenea, Nematoda, Trematoda) compiled from the scientific literature, Internet databases, and museum collections paired to the corresponding host ecological, biogeographical, and phylogenetic traits (maximum length, growth rate, life span, age at maturity, trophic level, habitat preference, geographical range size, taxonomy). The data focus on host features, because specific parasite traits are not consistently available across records. For this reason, the data set is intended as a flexible resource able to extend the principles of ecological niche modeling to the host–parasite system, providing researchers with the data to model parasite niches based on their distribution in host species and the associated host features. In this sense, the database offers a framework for testing general ecological, biogeographical, and phylogenetic hypotheses based on the identification of hosts as parasite habitat. Potential applications of the data set are, for example, the investigation of species–area relationships or the taxonomic distribution of host-specificity. The provided host–parasite list is that currently used by Fish Parasite Ecology Software Tool (FishPEST, <a href=\"http://purl.oclc.org/fishpest\" target=\"_blank\">http://purl.oclc.org/fishpest</a>), which is a website that allows researchers to model several aspects of the relationships between fish parasites and their hosts. The database is intended for researchers who wish to have more freedom to analyze the database than currently possible with FishPEST. However, for readers who have not seen FishPEST, we recommend using this as a starting point for interacting with the database.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/12-1419.1","usgsCitation":"Strona, G., Palomares, M.L., Bailly, N., Galli, P., and Lafferty, K.D., 2013, Host range, host ecology, and distribution of more than 11800 fish parasite species: Ecology, v. 94, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.1890/12-1419.1.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"544","ipdsId":"IP-041812","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294060,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294025,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/12-1419.1"}],"volume":"94","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541aa29ee4b01571b3d51cc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strona, Giovanni","contributorId":62940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strona","given":"Giovanni","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palomares, Maria Lourdes D.","contributorId":16330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palomares","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"Lourdes D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bailly, Nicholas","contributorId":99902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailly","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Galli, Paolo","contributorId":89459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galli","given":"Paolo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70125650,"text":"70125650 - 2013 - Predicting what helminth parasites a fish species should have using Parasite Co-occurrence Modeler (PaCo)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-17T13:09:20","indexId":"70125650","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T13:04:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2414,"text":"Journal of Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting what helminth parasites a fish species should have using Parasite Co-occurrence Modeler (PaCo)","docAbstract":"Fish pathologists are often interested in which parasites would likely be present in a particular host. Parasite Co-occurrence Modeler (PaCo) is a tool for identifying a list of parasites known from fish species that are similar ecologically, phylogenetically, and geographically to the host of interest. PaCo uses data from FishBase (maximum length, growth rate, life span, age at maturity, trophic level, phylogeny, and biogeography) to estimate compatibility between a target host and parasite species–genera from the major helminth groups (Acanthocephala, Cestoda, Monogenea, Nematoda, and Trematoda). Users can include any combination of host attributes in a model. These unique features make PaCo an innovative tool for addressing both theoretical and applied questions in parasitology. In addition to predicting the occurrence of parasites, PaCo can be used to investigate how host characteristics shape parasite communities. To test the performance of the PaCo algorithm, we created 12,400 parasite lists by applying any possible combination of model parameters (248) to 50 fish hosts. We then measured the relative importance of each parameter by assessing their frequency in the best models for each host. Host phylogeny and host geography were identified as the most important factors, with both present in 88% of the best models. Habitat (64%) was identified in more than half of the best models. Among ecological parameters, trophic level (41%) was the most relevant while life span (34%), growth rate (32%), maximum length (28%), and age at maturity (20%) were less commonly linked to best models. PaCo is free to use at <a href=\"www.purl.oclc.org/fishpest\" target=\"_blank\">www.purl.oclc.org/fishpest</a>.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Parasitology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Parasitologists","doi":"10.1645/GE-3147.1","usgsCitation":"Strona, G., and Lafferty, K.D., 2013, Predicting what helminth parasites a fish species should have using Parasite Co-occurrence Modeler (PaCo): Journal of Parasitology, v. 99, no. 1, p. 6-10, https://doi.org/10.1645/GE-3147.1.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-038365","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294054,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294036,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-3147.1"}],"volume":"99","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541aa2a6e4b01571b3d51d13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strona, Giovanni","contributorId":62940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strona","given":"Giovanni","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048215,"text":"fs20133083 - 2013 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T16:07:48","indexId":"fs20133083","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T10:35:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3083","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of Alaska, elevation data are critical for aviation navigation and safety, natural resources conservation, oil and gas resources, flood risk management, geologic resource assessment and hazards mitigation, forest resources management, and other business uses. Today, high-quality light detection and ranging (lidar) data and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (ifsar) are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and datasets. Federal, State, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data, on a national basis, that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist.</p>\n<p>Recent mapping information for the majority of land in Alaska is not available because clouds, smoke, and remoteness have hampered data collection. Lidar data have been collected only at selected coastal areas, cities, refuges, and parks. Within the last decade, ifsar technology has become the most effective tool for overcoming the challenges to acquiring elevation data for Alaska because this technology can penetrate clouds. State efforts for the collection of ifsar data are being coordinated through Alaska&rsquo;s Statewide Digital Mapping Initiative (SDMI), a cooperative program implemented across six State of Alaska departments and the University of Alaska. Federal efforts are coordinated through the Alaska Mapping Executive Committee (AMEC), chaired by the Department of the Interior with membership from 15 Federal agencies and representatives from the State of Alaska.</p>\n<p>Coordination by SDMI and AMEC avoids duplication of effort and ensures a unified approach to consistent, statewide data acquisition; the enhancement of existing data; and support for emerging applications. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other three-dimensional representations of the Nation&rsquo;s natural and constructed features.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133083","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2013, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3083, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133083.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133083.PNG"},{"id":277617,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3083/pdf/fs2013-3083.pdf","text":"Report","size":"271 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Jr. carswell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"William J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"carswell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70125371,"text":"70125371 - 2013 - Evolutionary dynamics of a rapidly receding southern range boundary in the threatened California red-legged frog (<i>Rana draytonii</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-17T10:20:53","indexId":"70125371","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T10:14:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1601,"text":"Evolutionary Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolutionary dynamics of a rapidly receding southern range boundary in the threatened California red-legged frog (<i>Rana draytonii</i>)","docAbstract":"Populations forming the edge of a species range are often imperiled by isolation and low genetic diversity, with proximity to human population centers being a major determinant of edge stability in modern landscapes. Since the 1960s, the California red-legged frog (<i>Rana draytonii</i>) has undergone extensive declines in heavily urbanized southern California, where the range edge has rapidly contracted northward while shifting its cardinal orientation to an east-west trending axis. We studied the genetic structure and diversity of these frontline populations, tested for signatures of contemporary disturbance, specifically fire, and attempted to disentangle these signals from demographic events extending deeper into the past. Consistent with the genetic expectations of the ‘abundant-center’ model, we found that diversity, admixture, and opportunity for random mating increases in populations sampled successively further away from the range boundary. Demographic simulations indicate that bottlenecks in peripheral isolates are associated with processes extending tens to a few hundred generations in the past, despite the demographic collapse of some due to recent fire-flood events. While the effects of recent disturbance have left little genetic imprint on these populations, they likely contribute to an extinction debt that will lead to continued range contraction unless management intervenes to stall or reverse the process.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Evolutionary Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Publishing","doi":"10.1111/eva.12067","usgsCitation":"Richmond, J.Q., Barr, K.R., Backlin, A.R., Vandergast, A.G., and Fisher, R.N., 2013, Evolutionary dynamics of a rapidly receding southern range boundary in the threatened California red-legged frog (<i>Rana draytonii</i>): Evolutionary Applications, v. 6, no. 5, p. 808-822, https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12067.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"808","endPage":"822","ipdsId":"IP-042321","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473542,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12067","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294026,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293963,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12067"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.9462,35.4903 ], [ -120.9462,34.0217 ], [ -118.2363,34.0217 ], [ -118.2363,35.4903 ], [ -120.9462,35.4903 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"6","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541aa29be4b01571b3d51ca4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richmond, Jonathan Q. 0000-0001-9398-4894 jrichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-4894","contributorId":5400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Jonathan","email":"jrichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barr, Kelly R. kelly_barr@usgs.gov","contributorId":5628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barr","given":"Kelly","email":"kelly_barr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Backlin, Adam R. 0000-0001-5618-8426 abacklin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5618-8426","contributorId":3802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Backlin","given":"Adam","email":"abacklin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vandergast, Amy G. 0000-0002-7835-6571","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-6571","contributorId":97617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergast","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70048189,"text":"70048189 - 2013 - Effects of thinning on drought vulnerability and climate response in north temperate forest ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-23T10:26:50","indexId":"70048189","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-16T12:43:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of thinning on drought vulnerability and climate response in north temperate forest ecosystems","docAbstract":"Reducing tree densities through silvicultural thinning has been widely advocated as a strategy for enhancing resistance and resilience to drought, yet few empirical evaluations of this approach exist. We examined detailed dendrochronological data from a long-term (>50 yrs) replicated thinning experiment to determine if density reductions conferred greater resistance and/or resilience to droughts, assessed by the magnitude of stand-level growth reductions. Our results suggest that thinning generally enhanced drought resistance and resilience; however, this relationship showed a pronounced reversal over time in stands maintained at lower tree densities. Specifically, lower-density stands exhibited greater resistance and resilience at younger ages (49 years), yet exhibited lower resistance and resilience at older ages (76 years), relative to higher-density stands. We attribute this reversal to significantly greater tree sizes attained within the lower-density stands through stand development, which in turn increased tree-level water demand during the later droughts. Results from response-function analyses indicate that thinning altered growth-climate relationships, such that higher-density stands were more sensitive to growing-season precipitation relative to lower-density stands. These results confirm the potential of density management to moderate drought impacts on growth, and they highlight the importance of accounting for stand structure when predicting climate-change impacts to forest systems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/13-0677.1","usgsCitation":"D’Amato, A.W., Bradford, J.B., Fraver, S., and Palik, B.J., 2013, Effects of thinning on drought vulnerability and climate response in north temperate forest ecosystems: Ecological Applications, v. 23, no. 8, p. 1735-1742, https://doi.org/10.1890/13-0677.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1735","endPage":"1742","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-042109","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473543,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/13-0677.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":277600,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277573,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13-0677.1"},{"id":277574,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/13-0677.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -92,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -89,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -89,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -92,0.0011111111111111111 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"23","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52381a4fe4b0c7d45ef060ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D’Amato, Anthony W.","contributorId":35632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Amato","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fraver, Shawn","contributorId":91379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fraver","given":"Shawn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":483944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Palik, Brian J.","contributorId":78619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palik","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70048191,"text":"sir20135134 - 2013 - Potential depletion of surface water in the Colorado River and agricultural drains by groundwater pumping in the Parker-Palo Verde-Cibola area, Arizona and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-16T07:55:11","indexId":"sir20135134","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-16T07:46:54","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5134","title":"Potential depletion of surface water in the Colorado River and agricultural drains by groundwater pumping in the Parker-Palo Verde-Cibola area, Arizona and California","docAbstract":"Water use along the lower Colorado River is allocated as “consumptive use,” which is defined to be the amount of water diverted from the river minus the amount that returns to the river. Diversions of water from the river include surface water in canals and water removed from the river by pumping wells in the aquifer connected to the river. A complication in accounting for water pumped by wells occurs if the pumping depletes water in drains and reduces measured return flow in those drains. In that case, consumptive use of water pumped by the wells is accounted for in the reduction of measured return flow. A method is needed to understand where groundwater pumping will deplete water in the river and where it will deplete water in drains. To provide a basis for future accounting for pumped groundwater in the Parker-Palo Verde-Cibola area, a superposition model was constructed. The model consists of three layers of finite-difference cells that cover most of the aquifer in the study area. The model was run repeatedly with each run having a pumping well in a different model cell. The source of pumped water that is depletion of the river, expressed as a fraction of the pumping rate, was computed for all active cells in model layer 1, and maps were constructed to understand where groundwater pumping depletes the river and where it depletes drains. The model results indicate that if one or more drains exist between a pumping well location and the river, nearly all of the depletion will be from drains, and little or no depletion will come from the Colorado River. Results also show that if a well pumps on a side of the river with no drains in the immediate area, depletion will come from the Colorado River. Finally, if a well pumps between the river and drains that parallel the river, a fraction of the pumping will come from the river and the rest will come from the drains. Model results presented in this report may be considered in development or refinement of strategies for accounting for groundwater pumping in the river aquifer connected to the Colorado River in the study area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135134","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Leake, S.A., Owen-Joyce, S.J., and Heilman, J., 2013, Potential depletion of surface water in the Colorado River and agricultural drains by groundwater pumping in the Parker-Palo Verde-Cibola area, Arizona and California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5134, iv, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135134.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p.","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277579,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135134.jpg"},{"id":277577,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5134/"},{"id":277578,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5134/pdf/sir2013-5134.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona;California","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.5,33 ], [ -115.5,34.5 ], [ -113.75,34.5 ], [ -113.75,33 ], [ -115.5,33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52381a7fe4b0c7d45ef060f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leake, Stanley A. 0000-0003-3568-2542 saleake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3568-2542","contributorId":1846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leake","given":"Stanley","email":"saleake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Owen-Joyce, Sandra J. 0000-0002-4400-5618 sjowen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4400-5618","contributorId":5215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owen-Joyce","given":"Sandra","email":"sjowen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":483950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heilman, Julian A. jahr@usgs.gov","contributorId":5727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heilman","given":"Julian A.","email":"jahr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048183,"text":"ds777 - 2013 - Geodatabase compilation of hydrogeologic, remote sensing, and water-budget-component data for the High Plains aquifer, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T13:43:08","indexId":"ds777","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-13T13:39:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"777","title":"Geodatabase compilation of hydrogeologic, remote sensing, and water-budget-component data for the High Plains aquifer, 2011","docAbstract":"<p>The High Plains aquifer underlies almost 112 million acres in the central United States. It is one of the largest aquifers in the Nation in terms of annual groundwater withdrawals and provides drinking water for 2.3 million people. The High Plains aquifer has gained national and international attention as a highly stressed groundwater supply primarily because it has been appreciably depleted in some areas. The U.S. Geological Survey has an active program to monitor the changes in groundwater levels for the High Plains aquifer and has documented substantial water-level changes since predevelopment: the High Plains Groundwater Availability Study is part of a series of regional groundwater availability studies conducted to evaluate the availability and sustainability of major aquifers across the Nation. The goals of the regional groundwater studies are to quantify current groundwater resources in an aquifer system, evaluate how these resources have changed over time, and provide tools to better understand a systems response to future demands and environmental stresses. The purpose of this report is to present selected data developed and synthesized for the High Plains aquifer as part of the High Plains Groundwater Availability Study. The High Plains Groundwater Availability Study includes the development of a water-budget-component analysis for the High Plains completed in 2011 and development of a groundwater-flow model for the northern High Plains aquifer. Both of these tasks require large amounts of data about the High Plains aquifer. Data pertaining to the High Plains aquifer were collected, synthesized, and then organized into digital data containers called geodatabases. There are 8 geodatabases, 1 file geodatabase and 7 personal geodatabases, that have been grouped in three categories: hydrogeologic data, remote sensing data, and water-budget-component data. The hydrogeologic data pertaining to the northern High Plains aquifer is included in three separate geodatabases: (1) base data from a groundwater-flow model; (2) hydrogeology and hydraulic properties data; and (3) groundwater-flow model data to be used as calibration targets. The remote sensing data for this study were developed by the U. S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science Center and include historical and predicted land-use/land-cover data and actual evapotranspiration data by using remotely sensed temperature data. The water-budget-component data contains selected raster data from maps in the &ldquo;Selected Approaches to Estimate Water-Budget Components of the High Plains, 1940 Through 1949 and 2000 Through 2009&rdquo; report completed in 2011 (<a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5183/\" target=\"_blank\">http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5183/</a>). Federal Geographic Data Committee compliant metadata were created for each spatial and tabular data layer in the geodatabases.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds777","usgsCitation":"Houston, N.A., Gonzales-Bradford, S.L., Flynn, A., Qi, S.L., Peterson, S.M., Stanton, J.S., Ryter, D.W., Sohl, T.L., and Senay, G., 2013, Geodatabase compilation of hydrogeologic, remote sensing, and water-budget-component data for the High Plains aquifer, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 777, Report: vii, 12 p.; 29 Datasets, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds777.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 12 p.; 29 Datasets","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277569,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds777.gif"},{"id":277567,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/777/"},{"id":277568,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/777/pdf/ds777.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -0.016666666666666666,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -96,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -96,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,8.333333333333334E-4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523425d2e4b0b9e9b3336cd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houston, Natalie A. 0000-0002-6071-4545 nhouston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-4545","contributorId":1682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houston","given":"Natalie","email":"nhouston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gonzales-Bradford, Sophia L.","contributorId":92572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzales-Bradford","given":"Sophia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flynn, Amanda T.","contributorId":66586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"Amanda T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Qi, Sharon L. 0000-0001-7278-4498 slqi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7278-4498","contributorId":1130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Sharon","email":"slqi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterson, Steven M. 0000-0002-9130-1284 speterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9130-1284","contributorId":847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Steven","email":"speterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stanton, Jennifer S. 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sohl, Terry L. 0000-0002-9771-4231 sohl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-4231","contributorId":648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Terry","email":"sohl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":66808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70147910,"text":"70147910 - 2013 - Predicting paddlefish roe yields using an extension of the Beverton–Holt equilibrium yield-per-recruit model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-11T11:49:08","indexId":"70147910","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-13T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting paddlefish roe yields using an extension of the Beverton–Holt equilibrium yield-per-recruit model","docAbstract":"<p>Equilibrium yield models predict the total biomass removed from an exploited stock; however, traditional yield models must be modified to simulate roe yields because a linear relationship between age (or length) and mature ovary weight does not typically exist. We extended the traditional Beverton-Holt equilibrium yield model to predict roe yields of Paddlefish Polyodon spathula in Kentucky Lake, Tennessee-Kentucky, as a function of varying conditional fishing mortality rates (10-70%), conditional natural mortality rates (cm; 9% and 18%), and four minimum size limits ranging from 864 to 1,016mm eye-to-fork length. These results were then compared to a biomass-based yield assessment. Analysis of roe yields indicated the potential for growth overfishing at lower exploitation rates and smaller minimum length limits than were suggested by the biomass-based assessment. Patterns of biomass and roe yields in relation to exploitation rates were similar regardless of the simulated value of cm, thus indicating that the results were insensitive to changes in cm. Our results also suggested that higher minimum length limits would increase roe yield and reduce the potential for growth overfishing and recruitment overfishing at the simulated cm values. Biomass-based equilibrium yield assessments are commonly used to assess the effects of harvest on other caviar-based fisheries; however, our analysis demonstrates that such assessments likely underestimate the probability and severity of growth overfishing when roe is targeted. Therefore, equilibrium roe yield-per-recruit models should also be considered to guide the management process for caviar-producing fish species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2013.820242","usgsCitation":"Colvin, M., Bettoli, P.W., and Scholten, G., 2013, Predicting paddlefish roe yields using an extension of the Beverton–Holt equilibrium yield-per-recruit model: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 33, no. 5, p. 940-949, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2013.820242.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"940","endPage":"949","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041177","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300296,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5551d2b8e4b0a92fa7e93c00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colvin, M.E.","contributorId":53190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colvin","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bettoli, Phillip William pbettoli@usgs.gov","contributorId":1919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettoli","given":"Phillip","email":"pbettoli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scholten, G.D.","contributorId":39184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholten","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048146,"text":"70048146 - 2013 - Thinning increases climatic resilience of red pine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-13T10:42:05","indexId":"70048146","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-13T10:24:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1170,"text":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thinning increases climatic resilience of red pine","docAbstract":"Forest management techniques such as intermediate stand-tending practices (e.g., thinning) can promote climatic resiliency in forest stands by moderating tree competition. Residual trees gain increased access to environmental resources (i.e., soil moisture, light), which in turn has the potential to buffer trees from stressful climatic conditions. The influences of climate (temperature and precipitation) and forest management (thinning method and intensity) on the productivity of red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) in Michigan were examined to assess whether repeated thinning treatments were able to increase climatic resiliency (i.e., maintaining productivity and reduced sensitivity to climatic stress). The cumulative productivity of each thinning treatment was determined, and it was found that thinning from below to a residual basal area of 14 m<sup>2</sup>·ha<sup>−1</sup> produced the largest average tree size but also the second lowest overall biomass per acre. On the other hand, the uncut control and the thinning from above to a residual basal area of 28 m<sup>2</sup>·ha<sup>−1</sup> produced the smallest average tree size but also the greatest overall biomass per acre. Dendrochronological methods were used to quantify sensitivity of annual radial growth to monthly and seasonal climatic factors for each thinning treatment type. Climatic sensitivity was influenced by thinning method (i.e., thinning from below decreased sensitivity to climatic stress more than thinning from above) and by thinning intensity (i.e., more intense thinning led to a lower climatic sensitivity). Overall, thinning from below to a residual basal area of 21 m<sup>2</sup>·ha<sup>−1</sup> represented a potentially beneficial compromise to maximize tree size, biomass per acre, and reduced sensitivity to climatic stress, and, thus, the highest level of climatic resilience.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfr-2013-0088","usgsCitation":"Magruder, M., Chhin, S., Palik, B., and Bradford, J.B., 2013, Thinning increases climatic resilience of red pine: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, v. 43, no. 9, p. 878-889, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2013-0088.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"878","endPage":"889","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-042108","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277544,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277513,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2013-0088"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Manistee National Forest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -86.4891,43.2936 ], [ -86.4891,44.3957 ], [ -85.4559,44.3957 ], [ -85.4559,43.2936 ], [ -86.4891,43.2936 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"43","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52342607e4b0b9e9b3336ce2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Magruder, Matthew","contributorId":75432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magruder","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chhin, Sophan","contributorId":7611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chhin","given":"Sophan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Palik, Brian","contributorId":34412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palik","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70048114,"text":"70048114 - 2013 - Linking river management to species conservation using dynamic landscape scale models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-12T12:56:29","indexId":"70048114","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-12T12:39:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking river management to species conservation using dynamic landscape scale models","docAbstract":"Efforts to conserve stream and river biota could benefit from tools that allow managers to evaluate landscape-scale changes in species distributions in response to water management decisions. We present a framework and methods for integrating hydrology, geographic context and metapopulation processes to simulate effects of changes in streamflow on fish occupancy dynamics across a landscape of interconnected stream segments. We illustrate this approach using a 482 km<sup>2</sup> catchment in the southeastern US supporting 50 or more stream fish species. A spatially distributed, deterministic and physically based hydrologic model is used to simulate daily streamflow for sub-basins composing the catchment. We use geographic data to characterize stream segments with respect to channel size, confinement, position and connectedness within the stream network. Simulated streamflow dynamics are then applied to model fish metapopulation dynamics in stream segments, using hypothesized effects of streamflow magnitude and variability on population processes, conditioned by channel characteristics. The resulting time series simulate spatially explicit, annual changes in species occurrences or assemblage metrics (e.g. species richness) across the catchment as outcomes of management scenarios. Sensitivity analyses using alternative, plausible links between streamflow components and metapopulation processes, or allowing for alternative modes of fish dispersal, demonstrate large effects of ecological uncertainty on model outcomes and highlight needed research and monitoring. Nonetheless, with uncertainties explicitly acknowledged, dynamic, landscape-scale simulations may prove useful for quantitatively comparing river management alternatives with respect to species conservation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"River Research and Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.2575","usgsCitation":"Freeman, M., Buell, G.R., Hay, L.E., Hughes, W.B., Jacobson, R.B., Jones, J., Jones, S., LaFontaine, J.H., Odom, K.R., Peterson, J., Riley, J.W., Schindler, J.S., Shea, C., and Weaver, J., 2013, Linking river management to species conservation using dynamic landscape scale models: River Research and Applications, v. 29, no. 7, p. 906-918, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2575.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"906","endPage":"918","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-017718","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277469,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.2575"},{"id":277509,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Flint River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.0,29.0 ], [ -87.0,35.0 ], [ -83.0,35.0 ], [ -83.0,29.0 ], [ -87.0,29.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"29","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5232d470e4b0b7ac626cfa2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freeman, Mary 0000-0001-7615-6923 mcfreeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":3528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"mcfreeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buell, Gary R. grbuell@usgs.gov","contributorId":3107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buell","given":"Gary","email":"grbuell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hay, Lauren E. 0000-0003-3763-4595 lhay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3763-4595","contributorId":1287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"Lauren","email":"lhay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hughes, W. Brian","contributorId":84353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jones, John W. 0000-0001-6117-3691 jwjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-3691","contributorId":2220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"John","email":"jwjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jones, S.A.","contributorId":38596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"LaFontaine, Jacob H. 0000-0003-4923-2630 jlafonta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4923-2630","contributorId":2258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaFontaine","given":"Jacob","email":"jlafonta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Odom, Kenneth R.","contributorId":72087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odom","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Riley, Jeffrey W. 0000-0001-5525-3134 jriley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5525-3134","contributorId":3605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riley","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jriley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Schindler, J. Stephen 0000-0001-9550-5957 sschindl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9550-5957","contributorId":3270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schindler","given":"J.","email":"sschindl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Shea, C.","contributorId":36834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shea","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Weaver, J.D.","contributorId":29466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70048141,"text":"70048141 - 2013 - Comparison of bird community indices for riparian restoration planning and monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T12:41:28","indexId":"70048141","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-12T11:28:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of bird community indices for riparian restoration planning and monitoring","docAbstract":"The use of a bird community index that characterizes ecosystem integrity is very attractive to conservation planners and habitat managers, particularly in the absence of any single focal species. In riparian areas of the western USA, several attempts at arriving at a community index signifying a functioning riparian bird community have been made previously, mostly resorting to expert opinions or national conservation rankings for species weights. Because extensive local and regional bird monitoring data were available for Nevada, we were able to develop three different indices that were derived empirically, rather than from expert opinion. We formally examined the use of three species weighting schemes in comparison with simple species richness, using different definitions of riparian species assemblage size, for the purpose of predicting community response to changes in vegetation structure from riparian restoration. For the three indices, species were weighted according to the following criteria: (1) the degree of riparian habitat specialization based on regional data, (2) the relative conservation ranking of landbird species, and (3) the degree to which a species is under-represented compared to the regional species pool for riparian areas. To evaluate the usefulness of these indices for habitat restoration planning and monitoring, we modeled them using habitat variables that are expected to respond to riparian restoration efforts, using data from 64 sampling sites in the Walker River Basin in Nevada and California. We found that none of the species-weighting schemes performed any better as an index for evaluating overall habitat condition than using species richness alone as a community index. Based on our findings, the use of a fairly complete list of 30–35 riparian specialists appears to be the best indicator group for predicting the response of bird communities to the restoration of riparian vegetation.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Indicators","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.05.004","usgsCitation":"Young, J.S., Ammon, E.M., Weisburg, P.J., Dilts, T.E., Newton, W.E., Wong-Kone, D.C., and Heki, L.G., 2013, Comparison of bird community indices for riparian restoration planning and monitoring: Ecological Indicators, v. 34, p. 159-167, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.05.004.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"167","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-042483","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277504,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277502,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.05.004"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Walker River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.225693,38.779163 ], [ -119.225693,39.16178 ], [ -118.715032,39.16178 ], [ -118.715032,38.779163 ], [ -119.225693,38.779163 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"34","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5232d46fe4b0b7ac626cfa2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Young, Jock S.","contributorId":28154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Jock","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ammon, Elisabeth M.","contributorId":106785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ammon","given":"Elisabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weisburg, Peter J.","contributorId":62912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weisburg","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dilts, Thomas E.","contributorId":36833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dilts","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Newton, Wesley E. 0000-0002-1377-043X wnewton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-043X","contributorId":3661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"Wesley","email":"wnewton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wong-Kone, Diane C.","contributorId":79790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong-Kone","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Heki, Lisa G.","contributorId":75052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heki","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70048144,"text":"70048144 - 2013 - Does calving matter? Evidence for significant submarine melt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-07T18:09:02","indexId":"70048144","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-12T09:36:18","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does calving matter? Evidence for significant submarine melt","docAbstract":"During the summer in the northeast Pacific Ocean, the Alaska Coastal Current sweeps water with temperatures in excess of 12 °C past the mouths of glacierized fjords and bays. The extent to which these warm waters affect the mass balance of Alaskan tidewater glaciers is uncertain. Here we report hydrographic measurements made within Icy Bay, Alaska, and calculate rates of submarine melt at Yahtse Glacier, a tidewater glacier terminating in Icy Bay. We find strongly stratified water properties consistent with estuarine circulation and evidence that warm Gulf of Alaska water reaches the head of 40 km-long Icy Bay, largely unaltered. A 10–20 m layer of cold, fresh, glacially-modified water overlies warm, saline water. The saline water is observed to reach up to 10.4 °C within 1.5 km of the terminus of Yahtse Glacier. By quantifying the heat and salt deficit within the glacially-modified water, we place bounds on the rate of submarine melt. The submarine melt rate is estimated at >9 m d<sup>−1</sup>, at least half the rate at which ice flows into the terminus region, and can plausibly account for all of the submarine terminus mass loss. Our measurements suggest that summer and fall subaerial calving is a direct response to thermal undercutting of the terminus, further demonstrating the critical role of the ocean in modulating tidewater glacier dynamics.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2013.08.014","usgsCitation":"Bartholomaus, T.C., Larsen, C., and O’Neel, S., 2013, Does calving matter? Evidence for significant submarine melt: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 380, p. 21-30, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.08.014.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"30","ipdsId":"IP-044262","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277536,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277510,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.08.014"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Icy Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -141.6059,59.9093 ], [ -141.6059,60.0998 ], [ -141.2761,60.0998 ], [ -141.2761,59.9093 ], [ -141.6059,59.9093 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"380","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523433e4e4b0b9e9b3336d1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholomaus, Timothy C.","contributorId":50437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomaus","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larsen, Christopher F.","contributorId":107178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"Christopher F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Neel, Shad 0000-0002-9185-0144 soneel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-0144","contributorId":166740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neel","given":"Shad","email":"soneel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048132,"text":"sir20135116 - 2013 - Sediment distribution and hydrologic conditions of the Potomac aquifer in Virginia and parts of Maryland and North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T20:46:55","indexId":"sir20135116","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-11T15:08:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5116","title":"Sediment distribution and hydrologic conditions of the Potomac aquifer in Virginia and parts of Maryland and North Carolina","docAbstract":"Sediments of the heavily used Potomac aquifer broadly contrast across major structural features of the Atlantic Coastal Plain Physiographic Province in eastern Virginia and adjacent parts of Maryland and North Carolina. Thicknesses and relative dominance of the highly interbedded fluvial sediments vary regionally. Vertical intervals in boreholes of coarse-grained sediment commonly targeted for completion of water-supply wells are thickest and most widespread across the central and southern parts of the Virginia Coastal Plain. Designated as the Norfolk arch depositional subarea, the entire sediment thickness here functions hydraulically as a single interconnected aquifer. By contrast, coarse-grained sediment intervals are thinner and less widespread across the northern part of the Virginia Coastal Plain and into southern Maryland, designated as the Salisbury embayment depositional subarea. Fine-grained intervals that are generally avoided for completion of water-supply wells are increasingly thick and widespread northward. Fine-grained intervals collectively as thick as several hundred feet comprise two continuous confining units that hydraulically separate three vertically spaced subaquifers. The subaquifers are continuous northward but merge southward into the single undivided Potomac aquifer. Lastly, far southeastern Virginia and northeastern North Carolina are designated as the Albemarle embayment depositional subarea, where both coarse- and fine-grained intervals are of only moderate thickness. The entire sediment thickness functions hydraulically as a single interconnected aquifer. A substantial hydrologic separation from overlying aquifers is imposed by the upper Cenomanian confining unit.\n\nPotomac aquifer sediments were deposited by a fluvial depositional complex spanning the Virginia Coastal Plain approximately 100 to 145 million years ago. Westward, persistently uplifted granite and gneiss source rocks sustained a supply of coarse-grained sand and gravel. Immature, high-gradient braided streams deposited longitudinal bars and channel fills across the Norfolk arch subarea. By contrast, across the Salisbury and Albemarle embayment subareas, mature, medium- to low-gradient meandering streams deposited medium- to coarse-grained channel fills and point bars segregated from fine-grained overbank deposits. The Virginia depositional complex merged northward across the Salisbury embayment subarea with another complex in Maryland. Here, additional sediments were received from schist source rocks that underwent three cycles of initial uplift and rapid erosion followed by crustal stability and erosional leveling.\n\nBecause of the predominance of coarse-grained sediments, transmissivity, hydraulic conductivity, and regional velocities of lateral flow through the Potomac aquifer are greatest across the Norfolk arch depositional subarea, but decrease progressively northward with increasingly fine-grained sediments. Confining units hydraulically separate the Potomac aquifer from overlying aquifers, as indicated by large vertical hydraulic gradients. By contrast, most of the Potomac aquifer internally functions hydraulically as a single interconnected aquifer, as indicated by uniformly small vertical gradients. Most fine-grained sediments within the aquifer do not hydraulically separate overlying and underlying coarse-grained sediments. Across the Salisbury embayment depositional subarea, however, hydraulic separation among the vertically spaced subaquifers is imposed by the intervening confining units.\n\nThe Potomac aquifer is the largest and most heavily used source of groundwater in the Virginia Coastal Plain. Water-level declines as great as 200 feet create the potential for saltwater intrusion. Conventional stratigraphic correlation has been generally ineffective at accurately characterizing complexly distributed fluvial sediments that compose the Potomac aquifer. Consequently, the aquifer’s internal hydraulic connectivity and overall hydrologic function have not been well understood. Water-supply planning and development efforts have been hampered, and interpretations of regulatory criteria for allowable water-level declines have been ambiguous.\n\nAn investigation undertaken during 2010–11 by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, provides a comprehensive regional description of the spatial distribution of Potomac aquifer sediments and their relation to hydrologic conditions. Altitudes and thicknesses of 2,725 vertical sediment intervals represent the spatial distribution of Potomac aquifer sediments in the Virginia Coastal Plain and adjacent parts of Maryland and North Carolina. Sediment intervals are designated as either dominantly coarse or fine grained and were determined by interpretation of geophysical logs and ancillary information from 456 boreholes. Sediment-interval and borehole summary statistical data indicate regional trends in sediment lithology and stratigraphic continuity, upon which three structurally based and hydrologically distinct sediment depositional subareas are designated. Broad patterns of sediment deposition over time are inferred from published sediment pollen-age data. Discrepancies in previously drawn hydrostratigraphic relations between southeastern Virginia and northeastern North Carolina are partly resolved based on borehole geophysical logs and a recently documented geologic map and corehole. A conceptual model theorizes the depositional history of the sediments and geologically accounts for their distribution. Documented pumping tests of the Potomac aquifer at 197 locations produced 336 values of transmissivity and 127 values of storativity. Based on effective aquifer thicknesses, 296 values of sediment hydraulic conductivity and 113 values of sediment specific storage are calculated. Vertical hydraulic gradients are calculated from 9,479 pairs of water levels measured between November 17, 1953, and October 4, 2011, in 129 closely spaced pairs of wells.\n\nBorehole sediment-interval and related data provide a means to achieve high yielding production wells in the Potomac aquifer by site-specific targeting of drilling operations toward water-bearing coarse-grained sand and gravel. Advance knowledge of the potential of different parts of the aquifer also aids in planning optimal groundwater-development areas. Depositional subareas further provide a possible context for resource management. Current (2013) regulatory limits on water-level declines are relative to top surfaces of subdivided upper, middle, and lower Potomac aquifers across the entire Virginia Coastal Plain, but have the potential to exceed the same limit relative to a single undivided Potomac aquifer. By contrast, designation of the sediments as a single aquifer in the Norfolk arch and Albemarle embayment subareas—and as a series of vertically spaced subaquifers and intervening confining units in the Salisbury embayment subarea—best reflects understanding of the Potomac aquifer and can avoid the potential for excessive water-level declines. Simulation modeling to evaluate effects of groundwater withdrawals could be designed similarly, including vertical discretization and (or) zonation of the Potomac aquifer based on depositional subareas and a geostatistical distribution of aquifer properties derived from borehole sediment-interval data. Further resource-management information needs extend beyond the developed part of the Potomac aquifer, particularly across the Northern Neck and Middle Peninsula where only the shallowest part of the aquifer is known, and include structural aspects such as faults, basement bedrock, and the Chesapeake Bay impact crater.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135116","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"McFarland, R.E., 2013, Sediment distribution and hydrologic conditions of the Potomac aquifer in Virginia and parts of Maryland and North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5116, Report: vi, 67 p.; 3 Attachments; 2 Plates: 24 x 36 inches and 36 x 40 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135116.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 67 p.; 3 Attachments; 2 Plates: 24 x 36 inches and 36 x 40 inches","numberOfPages":"77","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277490,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5116/tables/sir2013-5116_attachment2.xlsx"},{"id":277485,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5116/"},{"id":277484,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5116/pdf/sir2013-5116.pdf"},{"id":277486,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5116/tables/sir2013-5116_attachment3.xlsx"},{"id":277487,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5116/plates/sir2013-5116_plate1.pdf"},{"id":277488,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5116/plates/sir2013-5116_plate2.pdf"},{"id":277491,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5116/tables/sir2013-5116_attachment1.xls"},{"id":277492,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135116.jpg"}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Maryland, North Carolina, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Potomac Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.6964,35.9713 ], [ -77.6964,38.7026 ], [ -75.26,38.7026 ], [ -75.26,35.9713 ], [ -77.6964,35.9713 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f251e4b0bc0bec0a02f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McFarland, Randolph E.","contributorId":93879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McFarland","given":"Randolph","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70045871,"text":"70045871 - 2013 - The influence of stream thermal regimes and preferential flow paths on hyporheic exchange in a glacial meltwater stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:40:46","indexId":"70045871","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-11T10:55:56","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of stream thermal regimes and preferential flow paths on hyporheic exchange in a glacial meltwater stream","docAbstract":"Given projected increases in stream temperatures attributable to global change, improved understanding of relationships between stream temperatures and hyporheic exchange would be useful. We conducted two conservative tracer injection experiments in a glacial meltwater stream, to evaluate the effects of hyporheic thermal gradients on exchange processes, including preferential flow paths (PFPs). The experiments were conducted on the same day, the first (a stream injection) during a cool, morning period and the second (dual stream and hyporheic injections) during a warm, afternoon period. In the morning, the hyporheic zone was thermally uniform at 4°C, whereas by the afternoon the upper 10 cm had warmed to 6–12°C and exhibited greater temperature heterogeneity. Solute transport modeling showed that hyporheic cross-sectional areas (A<sub>s</sub>) at two downstream sites were two and seven times lower during the warm experiment. Exchange metrics indicated that the hyporheic zone had less influence on downstream solute transport during the warm, afternoon experiment. Calculated hyporheic depths were less than 5 cm, contrasting with tracer detection at 10 and 25 cm depths. The hyporheic tracer arrival at one downstream site was rapid, comparable to the in-stream tracer arrival, providing evidence for PFPs. We thus propose a conceptual view of the hyporheic zone in this reach as being dominated by discrete PFPs weaving through hydraulically isolated areas. One explanation for the simultaneous increase in temperature heterogeneity and A<sub>s</sub> decrease in a warmer hyporheic zone may be a flow path preferentiality feedback mechanism resulting from a combination of temperature-related viscosity decreases and streambed heterogeneity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/wrcr.20410","usgsCitation":"Cozzetto, K.D., Bencala, K.E., Gooseff, M.N., and McKnight, D.M., 2013, The influence of stream thermal regimes and preferential flow paths on hyporheic exchange in a glacial meltwater stream: Water Resources Research, v. 49, no. 9, p. 5552-5569, https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20410.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"5552","endPage":"5569","numberOfPages":"18","ipdsId":"IP-045473","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280980,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280977,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20410"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica;Mcmurdo Dry Valleys;Transantarctic Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 162.849,-77.6898 ], [ 162.849,-77.5593 ], [ 163.493,-77.5593 ], [ 163.493,-77.6898 ], [ 162.849,-77.6898 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"49","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7819e4b0b2908510bee7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cozzetto, Karen D.","contributorId":44461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzetto","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bencala, Kenneth E. kbencala@usgs.gov","contributorId":1541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbencala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":478464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gooseff, Michael N.","contributorId":71880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gooseff","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":478465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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