{"pageNumber":"637","pageRowStart":"15900","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46883,"records":[{"id":70037818,"text":"70037818 - 2012 - Implementation of the vortex force formalism in the coupled ocean-atmosphere-wave-sediment transport (COAWST) modeling system for inner shelf and surf zone applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-30T01:01:38","indexId":"70037818","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-25T09:25:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2925,"text":"Ocean Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implementation of the vortex force formalism in the coupled ocean-atmosphere-wave-sediment transport (COAWST) modeling system for inner shelf and surf zone applications","docAbstract":"<p>The coupled ocean-atmosphere-wave-sediment transport modeling system (COAWST) enables simulations that integrate oceanic, atmospheric, wave and morphological processes in the coastal ocean. Within the modeling system, the three-dimensional ocean circulation module (ROMS) is coupled with the wave generation and propagation model (SWAN) to allow full integration of the effect of waves on circulation and vice versa. The existing wave-current coupling component utilizes a depth dependent radiation stress approach. In here we present a new approach that uses the vortex force formalism. The formulation adopted and the various parameterizations used in the model as well as their numerical implementation are presented in detail. The performance of the new system is examined through the presentation of four test cases. These include obliquely incident waves on a synthetic planar beach and a natural barred beach (DUCK' 94); normal incident waves on a nearshore barred morphology with rip channels; and wave-induced mean flows outside the surf zone at the Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory (MVCO).</p>\n<p>Model results from the planar beach case show good agreement with depth-averaged analytical solutions and with theoretical flow structures. Simulation results for the DUCK' 94 experiment agree closely with measured profiles of cross-shore and longshore velocity data from  and . Diagnostic simulations showed that the nonlinear processes of wave roller generation and wave-induced mixing are important for the accurate simulation of surf zone flows. It is further recommended that a more realistic approach for determining the contribution of wave rollers and breaking induced turbulent mixing can be formulated using non-dimensional parameters which are functions of local wave parameters and the beach slope. Dominant terms in the cross-shore momentum balance are found to be the quasi-static pressure gradient and breaking acceleration. In the alongshore direction, bottom stress, breaking acceleration, horizontal advection and horizontal vortex forces dominate the momentum balance. The simulation results for the bar/rip channel morphology case clearly show the ability of the modeling system to reproduce horizontal and vertical circulation patterns similar to those found in laboratory studies and to numerical simulations using the radiation stress representation. The vortex force term is found to be more important at locations where strong flow vorticity interacts with the wave-induced Stokes flow field. Outside the surf zone, the three-dimensional model simulations of wave-induced flows for non-breaking waves closely agree with flow observations from MVCO, with the vertical structure of the simulated flow varying as a function of the vertical viscosity as demonstrated by Lentz et al. (2008).</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ocean Modelling","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2012.01.003","usgsCitation":"Kumar, N., Voulgaris, G., Warner, J., and Olabarrieta, M., 2012, Implementation of the vortex force formalism in the coupled ocean-atmosphere-wave-sediment transport (COAWST) modeling system for inner shelf and surf zone applications: Ocean Modelling, v. 47, p. 65-95, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2012.01.003.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"95","numberOfPages":"71","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474502,"rank":101,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/5231","text":"External Repository"},{"id":257004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":256998,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2012.01.003","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3911e4b0c8380cd617b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kumar, Nirnimesh","contributorId":102308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumar","given":"Nirnimesh","affiliations":[{"id":27143,"text":"University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":462820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voulgaris, George","contributorId":26377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Voulgaris","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27143,"text":"University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":462818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":2681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John C.","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olabarrieta, Maitane 0000-0002-7619-7992 molabarrieta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7619-7992","contributorId":81631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olabarrieta","given":"Maitane","email":"molabarrieta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":462819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70038426,"text":"fs20123066 - 2012 - Landsat Data Continuity Mission","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-26T01:01:37","indexId":"fs20123066","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3066","title":"Landsat Data Continuity Mission","docAbstract":"The Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) is a partnership formed between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to place the next Landsat satellite in orbit in January 2013. The Landsat era that began in 1972 will become a nearly 41-year global land record with the successful launch and operation of the LDCM. The LDCM will continue the acquisition, archiving, and distribution of multispectral imagery affording global, synoptic, and repetitive coverage of the Earth's land surfaces at a scale where natural and human-induced changes can be detected, differentiated, characterized, and monitored over time.\r\nThe mission objectives of the LDCM are to (1) collect and archive medium resolution (30-meter spatial resolution) multispectral image data affording seasonal coverage of the global landmasses for a period of no less than 5 years; (2) ensure that LDCM data are sufficiently consistent with data from the earlier Landsat missions in terms of acquisition geometry, calibration, coverage characteristics, spectral characteristics, output product quality, and data availability to permit studies of landcover and land-use change over time; and (3) distribute LDCM data products to the general public on a nondiscriminatory basis at no cost to the user.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123066","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2012, Landsat Data Continuity Mission: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3066, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123066.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256974,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3066.gif"},{"id":256968,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3066/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a43cfe4b0c8380cd66631","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70038423,"text":"tm11C5 - 2012 - Analyzing legacy U.S. Geological Survey geochemical databases using GIS: applications for a national mineral resource assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-20T12:57:09","indexId":"tm11C5","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"11-C5","title":"Analyzing legacy U.S. Geological Survey geochemical databases using GIS: applications for a national mineral resource assessment","docAbstract":"This report emphasizes geographic information system analysis and the display of data stored in the legacy U.S. Geological Survey National Geochemical Database for use in mineral resource investigations. Geochemical analyses of soils, stream sediments, and rocks that are archived in the National Geochemical Database provide an extensive data source for investigating geochemical anomalies. A study area in the Egan Range of east-central Nevada was used to develop a geographic information system analysis methodology for two different geochemical datasets involving detailed (Bureau of Land Management Wilderness) and reconnaissance-scale (National Uranium Resource Evaluation) investigations. ArcGIS was used to analyze and thematically map geochemical information at point locations. Watershed-boundary datasets served as a geographic reference to relate potentially anomalous sample sites with hydrologic unit codes at varying scales. The National Hydrography Dataset was analyzed with Hydrography Event Management and ArcGIS Utility Network Analyst tools to delineate potential sediment-sample provenance along a stream network. These tools can be used to track potential upstream-sediment-contributing areas to a sample site. This methodology identifies geochemically anomalous sample sites, watersheds, and streams that could help focus mineral resource investigations in the field.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm11C5","usgsCitation":"Yager, D.B., Hofstra, A.H., and Granitto, M., 2012, Analyzing legacy U.S. Geological Survey geochemical databases using GIS: applications for a national mineral resource assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 11-C5, iv, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm11C5.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm_11_c5.png"},{"id":256967,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11c05/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Egan Range","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ebeee4b0c8380cd48f89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yager, Douglas B. 0000-0001-5074-4022 dyager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5074-4022","contributorId":798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yager","given":"Douglas","email":"dyager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hofstra, Albert H. 0000-0002-2450-1593 ahofstra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":1302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"Albert","email":"ahofstra@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Granitto, Matthew 0000-0003-3445-4863 granitto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3445-4863","contributorId":1224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granitto","given":"Matthew","email":"granitto@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70038419,"text":"sir20125036 - 2012 - Altitude, age, and quality of groundwater, Papio-Missouri River Natural Resources District, eastern Nebraska, 1992 to 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-25T01:01:50","indexId":"sir20125036","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5036","title":"Altitude, age, and quality of groundwater, Papio-Missouri River Natural Resources District, eastern Nebraska, 1992 to 2009","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Papio-Missouri River Natural Resources District (PMRNRD), conducted this study to map the water-level altitude of 2009 within the Elkhorn River Valley, Missouri River Valley, and Platte River Valley alluvial aquifers; to present the predevelopment potentiometric-surface altitude within the Dakota aquifer; and to describe the age and quality of groundwater in the five principal aquifers of the PMRNRD in eastern Nebraska using data collected from 1992 to 2009. In addition, implications of alternatives to the current PMRNRD groundwater-quality monitoring approach are discussed. In the PMRNRD, groundwater altitude, relative to National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929, ranged from about 1,080 feet (ft) to 1,180 ft in the Elkhorn River Valley alluvial aquifer and from about 960 ft to 1,080 ft in the Missouri River Valley and Platte River Valley alluvial aquifers. In the PMRNRD, the estimated altitude of the potentiometric surface of the Dakota aquifer, predevelopment, ranged from about 1,100 ft to 1,200 ft. To assess groundwater age and quality, groundwater samples were collected from a total of 217 wells from 1992 to 2009 for analysis of various analytes. Groundwater samples collected in the PMRNRD from 1992 to 2009 and interpreted in this report were analyzed for age-dating analytes (chlorofluorocarbons), dissolved gases, major ions, trace elements, nutrients, stable isotope ratios, pesticides and pesticide degradates, volatile organic compounds, explosives, and 222radon. Apparent groundwater age was estimated from concentrations of chlorofluorocarbons measured in samples collected in 2000. Apparent groundwater-recharge dates ranged from older than 1940 in samples from wells screened in the Missouri River Valley alluvial aquifer to the early 1980s in samples from wells screened in the Dakota aquifer. Concentrations of major ions in the most recent sample per well collected from 1992 to 2009 indicate that the predominant water type was calcium bicarbonate. Samples from 4 wells exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Secondary Drinking Water Regulation (SDWR) for sulfate [250 milligrams per liter (mg/L)], and samples from 4 wells exceeded the USEPA Drinking Water Advisory Table for sodium (30-60 mg/L). Eighteen of the 21 trace elements analyzed in samples from PMRNRD wells have USEPA drinking-water standards. Sixteen of the trace elements with USEPA standards were detected in the selected samples. In the samples selected for trace-element analysis, the only trace-element concentration that exceeded an enforceable USEPA drinking-water standard, the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL), was for arsenic; arsenic concentration exceeded the USEPA MCL of 10 micrograms per liter (&mu;g/L) in 4 percent of the samples. Trace-element concentrations that exceeded the USEPA SDWR or Lifetime Health Advisory level were iron (46 percent of the samples were greater than USEPA SDWR of 300 &mu;g/L), manganese (70 percent of the samples were greater than USEPA SDWR of 50 &mu;g/L), and strontium (4 percent of the samples were greater than USEPA Lifetime Health Advisory level of 4,000 &mu;/L). The concentration of nitrate plus nitrite as nitrogen (nitrate-N) in the most recent nutrient samples collected from the network wells and from one randomly selected well in the well nests from 1992 to 2009 for most wells (80 percent) ranged from less than 0.06 to 8.55 mg/L, with a median value of 0.12 mg/L. Concentrations of nitrate-N in 13 (7 percent) nutrient samples, 1992 to 2009, were greater than or equal to the USEPA MCL and Nebraska Title-118 standard of 10 mg/L, and concentrations of nitrate-N in 35 (18 percent) nutrient samples, 1992 to 2009, were greater than or equal to 5 mg/L, which is the PMRNRD action level for possible management implementation to reduce nitrate concentrations in groundwater. Of the 61 pesticides or pesticide degradates analyzed from 2007 to 2009, 21 were detected. Three of the 21 pesticides detected (alachlor, atrazine, and metolachlor) have established health-based criteria; all detections of these compounds were at concentrations less than their USEPA standards. From 2007 to 2009, 1 or more pesticide compounds were detected in 16 of the 82 network wells and in 18 of the 26 wells in well nests. From 2007 to 2009, the individual pesticide compounds that were detected most frequently were alachlor ethane sulfonic acid, a degradate of alachlor; deethylcyanazine acid, a degradate of cyanazine; and atrazine. Analytes with concentrations that exceeded 30 percent of the applicable Nebraska Title-118 standard were identified so that the PMRNRD can plan to monitor groundwater in the area and consider possible actions should the analyte concentrations continue to rise. The analytical results from the most recent samples collected in the network wells and all the wells in well nests from 1992 to 2009 indicate that, in at least 1 sample, there was a concentration that exceeded 30 percent of the Nebraska Title-118 standard for at least 1 of 3 major ions (chloride, fluoride, and sulfate), 1 nutrient (nitrate-N), 1 pesticide (atrazine), or 3 trace elements (arsenic, iron, and manganese). In addition, 30 percent of the USEPA MCL or Nebraska Title-118 standard for gross alpha activity likely was exceeded in samples from three wells screened in the Dakota aquifer. Study findings indicate that some alternatives to the current PMRNRD groundwater-sampling approach that could be considered are to collect fewer samples for nutrient analysis and to collect samples periodically for determining concentrations of additional analytes, particularly the analytes with concentrations that were at least 30 percent or more than the Nebraska Title-118 standard.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125036","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Papio-Missouri River Natural Resources District","usgsCitation":"McGuire, V.L., Ryter, D.W., and Flynn, A.S., 2012, Altitude, age, and quality of groundwater, Papio-Missouri River Natural Resources District, eastern Nebraska, 1992 to 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5036, ix, 66 p.; Appendices; Appendices Download Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125036.","productDescription":"ix, 66 p.; Appendices; Appendices Download Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1992-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5036.gif"},{"id":256958,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5036/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"2000000","projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","county":"Burt;Dakota;Douglas;Sarpy;Thurston;Washington","city":"Bellevue;Blair;Dakota City;Elkhorn;Gretna;Omaha;Papillion;Ralston;South Sioux City;Tekamah","otherGeospatial":"Papio-missouri River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.75,41 ], [ -96.75,42.583333333333336 ], [ -95.75,42.583333333333336 ], [ -95.75,41 ], [ -96.75,41 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e998e4b0c8380cd4837a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGuire, Virginia L. 0000-0002-3962-4158 vlmcguir@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3962-4158","contributorId":404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Virginia","email":"vlmcguir@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryter, Derek W. 0000-0002-2488-626X dryter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2488-626X","contributorId":3395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryter","given":"Derek","email":"dryter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flynn, Amanda S.","contributorId":107135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70159147,"text":"70159147 - 2012 - Bayesian WLS/GLS regression for regional skewness analysis for regions with large crest stage gage networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-27T16:14:13.779152","indexId":"70159147","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Bayesian WLS/GLS regression for regional skewness analysis for regions with large crest stage gage networks","docAbstract":"<p><span>This paper summarizes methodological advances in regional log-space skewness analyses that support flood-frequency analysis with the log Pearson Type III (LP3) distribution. A Bayesian Weighted Least Squares/Generalized Least Squares (B-WLS/B-GLS) methodology that relates observed skewness coefficient estimators to basin characteristics in conjunction with diagnostic statistics represents an extension of the previously developed B-GLS methodology. B-WLS/B-GLS has been shown to be effective in two California studies. B-WLS/B-GLS uses B-WLS to generate stable estimators of model parameters and B-GLS to estimate the precision of those B-WLS regression parameters, as well as the precision of the model. The study described here employs this methodology to develop a regional skewness model for the State of Iowa. To provide cost effective peak-flow data for smaller drainage basins in Iowa, the U.S. Geological Survey operates a large network of crest stage gages (CSGs) that only record flow values above an identified recording threshold (thus producing a censored data record). CSGs are different from continuous-record gages, which record almost all flow values and have been used in previous B-GLS and B-WLS/B-GLS regional skewness studies. The complexity of analyzing a large CSG network is addressed by using the B-WLS/B-GLS framework along with the Expected Moments Algorithm (EMA). Because EMA allows for the censoring of low outliers, as well as the use of estimated interval discharges for missing, censored, and historic data, it complicates the calculations of effective record length (and effective concurrent record length) used to describe the precision of sample estimators because the peak discharges are no longer solely represented by single values. Thus new record length calculations were developed. The regional skewness analysis for the State of Iowa illustrates the value of the new B-WLS/BGLS methodology with these new extensions.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"World environmental and water resources congress 2012: Crossing boundaries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2012: Crossing Boundaries","conferenceDate":"May 20-24 2012","conferenceLocation":"Albuquerque, New Mexico","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/9780784412312.227","usgsCitation":"Veilleux, A.G., Stedinger, J.R., and Eash, D.A., 2012, Bayesian WLS/GLS regression for regional skewness analysis for regions with large crest stage gage networks, <i>in</i> World environmental and water resources congress 2012: Crossing boundaries, Albuquerque, New Mexico, May 20-24 2012, p. 2253-2263, https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784412312.227.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2253","endPage":"2263","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-034624","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309969,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5620ce4fe4b06217fc478ac3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Veilleux, Andrea G. aveilleux@usgs.gov","contributorId":4404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veilleux","given":"Andrea","email":"aveilleux@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stedinger, Jery R.","contributorId":76198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stedinger","given":"Jery","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eash, David A. 0000-0002-2749-8959 daeash@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2749-8959","contributorId":1887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eash","given":"David","email":"daeash@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70156907,"text":"70156907 - 2012 - Warming experiments underpredict plant phenological responses to climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-26T16:55:14.565652","indexId":"70156907","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Warming experiments underpredict plant phenological responses to climate change","docAbstract":"<p><span>Warming experiments are increasingly relied on to estimate plant responses to global climate change. For experiments to provide meaningful predictions of future responses, they should reflect the empirical record of responses to temperature variability and recent warming, including advances in the timing of flowering and leafing. We compared phenology (the timing of recurring life history events) in observational studies and warming experiments spanning four continents and 1,634 plant species using a common measure of temperature sensitivity (change in days per degree Celsius). We show that warming experiments underpredict advances in the timing of flowering and leafing by 8.5-fold and 4.0-fold, respectively, compared with long-term observations. For species that were common to both study types, the experimental results did not match the observational data in sign or magnitude. The observational data also showed that species that flower earliest in the spring have the highest temperature sensitivities, but this trend was not reflected in the experimental data. These significant mismatches seem to be unrelated to the study length or to the degree of manipulated warming in experiments. The discrepancy between experiments and observations, however, could arise from complex interactions among multiple drivers in the observational data, or it could arise from remediable artefacts in the experiments that result in lower irradiance and drier soils, thus dampening the phenological responses to manipulated warming. Our results introduce uncertainty into ecosystem models that are informed solely by experiments and suggest that responses to climate change that are predicted using such models should be re-evaluated.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/nature11014","usgsCitation":"Wolkovich, E., Cook, B., Allen, J.M., Crimmins, T., Betancourt, J.L., Travers, S.E., Pau, S., Regetz, J., Davies, T., Kraft, N., Ault, T., Bolmgren, K., Mazer, S., McCabe, G., McGill, B.J., Parmesan, C., Salamin, N., Schwartz, M., and Cleland, E., 2012, Warming experiments underpredict plant phenological responses to climate change: Nature, p. 494-497, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11014.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"494","endPage":"497","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-031445","costCenters":[{"id":144,"text":"Branch of Regional Research","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307798,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560bb71de4b058f706e53f8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolkovich, Elizabeth M.","contributorId":69288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolkovich","given":"Elizabeth M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cook, Benjamin I.","contributorId":81237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Benjamin I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, Jenica M.","contributorId":146420,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"Jenica","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13006,"text":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crimmins, Theresa","contributorId":103579,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crimmins","given":"Theresa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Travers, Steven E.","contributorId":146419,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Travers","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16604,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pau, Stephanie","contributorId":86094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pau","given":"Stephanie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Regetz, James","contributorId":20596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Regetz","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Davies, T. Jonathan","contributorId":84062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"T. Jonathan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kraft, Nathan J. B.","contributorId":86471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraft","given":"Nathan J. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Ault, Toby R.","contributorId":48852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ault","given":"Toby R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Bolmgren, Kjell","contributorId":80001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolmgren","given":"Kjell","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Mazer, Susan J.","contributorId":96564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazer","given":"Susan J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"McCabe, Gregory J. 0000-0002-9258-2997 gmccabe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":1453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"Gregory J.","email":"gmccabe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":571102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"McGill, Brian J.","contributorId":146422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGill","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Parmesan, Camille","contributorId":146423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parmesan","given":"Camille","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12430,"text":"University of Texas at Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Salamin, Nicolas","contributorId":146424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salamin","given":"Nicolas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Schwartz, Mark D.","contributorId":11092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Mark D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Cleland, Elsa E.","contributorId":92790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleland","given":"Elsa E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}}
,{"id":70156625,"text":"70156625 - 2012 - Comparison of acoustic doppler current profiler and Price AA mechanical current meter measurements made during the 2011 Mississippi River Flood","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-27T16:18:16.970488","indexId":"70156625","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Comparison of acoustic doppler current profiler and Price AA mechanical current meter measurements made during the 2011 Mississippi River Flood","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Mississippi River and Tributaries project performed as designed during the historic 2011 Mississippi River flood, with many of the operational decisions based on discharge targets as opposed to stage. Measurement of discharge at the Tarbert Landing, Mississippi range provides critical information used in operational decisions for the floodways located in Louisiana. Historically, discharge measurements have been made using a Price AA current meter and the mid-section method, and a long record exists based on these types of measurements, including historical peak discharges. Discharge measurements made using an acoustic Doppler current profiler from a moving boat have been incorporated into the record since the mid 1990's, and are used along with the Price AA mid-section measurements. During the 2011 flood event, both methods were used and appeared to provide different results at times. The apparent differences between the measurement techniques are due to complex hydrodynamics at this location that created large spatial and temporal fluctuations in the flow. The data and analysis presented herein show the difference between the two methods to be within the expected accuracy of the measurements when the measurements are made concurrently. The observed fluctuations prevent valid comparisons of data collected sequentially or even with different observation durations.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"World environmental and water resources congress 2012: Crossing boundaries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2012: Crossing Boundaries","conferenceDate":"May 20-24 2012","conferenceLocation":"Albuquerque, New Mexico","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/9780784412312.127","usgsCitation":"O’Brien, P., Mueller, D., and Pratt, T., 2012, Comparison of acoustic doppler current profiler and Price AA mechanical current meter measurements made during the 2011 Mississippi River Flood, <i>in</i> World environmental and water resources congress 2012: Crossing boundaries, Albuquerque, New Mexico, May 20-24 2012, p. 1260-1269, https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784412312.127.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1260","endPage":"1269","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-035088","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307404,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.9013671875,\n              29.649868677972304\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.7470703125,\n              31.240985378021307\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.8349609375,\n              33.137551192346145\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.5380859375,\n              33.063924198120645\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.197265625,\n              31.052933985705163\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.5380859375,\n              29.878755346037977\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.3515625,\n              28.8831596093235\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.5166015625,\n              28.613459424004414\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.9013671875,\n              29.649868677972304\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f4fbe4b0bc0bec0a1331","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Brien, Patrick","contributorId":146976,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Brien","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mueller, David","contributorId":146977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mueller","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pratt, Thad","contributorId":146978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pratt","given":"Thad","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70038412,"text":"ofr20121077 - 2012 - Automated delineation and characterization of watersheds for more than 3,000 surface-water-quality monitoring stations active in 2010 in Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-08T09:05:14","indexId":"ofr20121077","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-22T13:33:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1077","title":"Automated delineation and characterization of watersheds for more than 3,000 surface-water-quality monitoring stations active in 2010 in Texas","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, developed computer scripts and applications to automate the delineation of watershed boundaries and compute watershed characteristics for more than 3,000 surface-water-quality monitoring stations in Texas that were active during 2010. Microsoft Visual Basic applications were developed using ArcGIS ArcObjects to format the source input data required to delineate watershed boundaries. Several automated scripts and tools were developed or used to calculate watershed characteristics using Python, Microsoft Visual Basic, and the RivEX tool. Automated methods were augmented by the use of manual methods, including those done using ArcMap software. Watershed boundaries delineated for the monitoring stations are limited to the extent of the Subbasin boundaries in the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset, which may not include the total watershed boundary from the monitoring station to the headwaters.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121077","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Archuleta, C., Gonzales, S.L., and Maltby, D.R., 2012, Automated delineation and characterization of watersheds for more than 3,000 surface-water-quality monitoring stations active in 2010 in Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1077, v, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121077.","productDescription":"v, 33 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1077.gif"},{"id":256946,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1077/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109,26 ], [ -109,42 ], [ -88,42 ], [ -88,26 ], [ -109,26 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eef3e4b0c8380cd4a066","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Archuleta, Christy-Ann M. 0000-0002-4522-8573","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4522-8573","contributorId":9736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archuleta","given":"Christy-Ann M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gonzales, Sophia L.","contributorId":93310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzales","given":"Sophia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maltby, David R. II","contributorId":65196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maltby","given":"David","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70003805,"text":"70003805 - 2012 - A study of the spawning ecology and early life history survival of Bonneville Cutthroat Trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-26T15:18:10.279933","indexId":"70003805","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-22T01:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A study of the spawning ecology and early life history survival of Bonneville Cutthroat Trout","docAbstract":"<div data-canvas-width=\"717.2955615999997\"><span>We completed a large‐scale field experiment in four tributaries of the Logan River, Utah, where the largest metapopulation of imperiled Bonneville cutthroat trout&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus clarkii utah</i><span>&nbsp;persists. We documented the spatial and temporal distributions of spawners, quantified substrate use versus substrate availability, and evaluated differences in hatch and emergence fry success between and among sites in relation to habitat characteristics. We observed considerable variability in the timing, magnitude, and duration of spawning among study areas (streams), in part as a function of a variable, multipeaked hydrograph. Nevertheless, across study areas, &gt;70% of redds were constructed on the final descending limb of the hydrograph. Despite large differences in the amount of spawning substrate available, Bonneville cutthroat trout utilized a narrow range of substrate and sizes (3–80 mm) similar to that utilized by other subspecies of cutthroat trout, albeit biased towards larger sizes. Water temperatures generally remained below the recommended range (6–17°C) for spawning; however, the viability of this metapopulation of cutthroat trout suggests that the recommended temperature range for spawning is overestimated for this subspecies and (or) does not account for local thermal adaptation. Hatch varied from 43% to 77% and emergence survival from 39% to 65% among streams, and within‐stream variability was substantial; both survival rates declined significantly as a function of increased fine sediment concentrations. Egg development rates were nearly 50% greater in a high‐elevation tributary where redd counts were also lowest. In high, mountain systems with short growing seasons, this incubation delay likely presents a significant growth disadvantage for age‐0 trout. Our research enhances our understanding of Bonneville cutthroat trout spawning ecology and early survival and provides critical information for aiding in the development of benchmarks for their recovery. Effective conservation efforts should be directed towards minimizing anthropogenic activities that result in excess sedimentation in their critical spawning tributaries.</span></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2012.675945","usgsCitation":"Budy, P., Wood, S., and Roper, B.B., 2012, A study of the spawning ecology and early life history survival of Bonneville Cutthroat Trout: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 32, no. 3, p. 436-449, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2012.675945.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"436","endPage":"449","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-026596","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385304,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Logan River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.95205688476562,\n              41.585661192598415\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.95205688476562,\n              41.99624282178583\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.30935668945312,\n              41.99624282178583\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.30935668945312,\n              41.585661192598415\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.95205688476562,\n              41.585661192598415\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d4572ce4b0518e354694a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Budy, Phaedra","contributorId":24215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budy","given":"Phaedra","affiliations":[{"id":609,"text":"Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":512714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, Sara","contributorId":257602,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Sara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":814704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roper, Brett B.","contributorId":120701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roper","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":512717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70038407,"text":"ds667 - 2012 - Dissolved pesticides, dissolved organic carbon, and water-quality characteristics in selected Idaho streams, April--December 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-23T01:01:52","indexId":"ds667","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"667","title":"Dissolved pesticides, dissolved organic carbon, and water-quality characteristics in selected Idaho streams, April--December 2010","docAbstract":"Water-quality samples were collected from April through December 2010 from four streams in Idaho and analyzed for a suite of pesticides, including fungicides, by the U.S. Geological Survey. Water samples were collected from two agricultural and two nonagricultural (control) streams approximately biweekly from the beginning of the growing season (April) through the end of the calendar year (December). Samples were analyzed for 90 pesticides using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Twenty-three pesticides, including 8 fungicides, 10 herbicides, 3 insecticides, and 2 pesticide degradates, were detected in 45 water samples. The most frequently detected compounds in the two agricultural streams and their detection frequencies were metolachlor, 96 percent; azoxystrobin, 79 percent; boscalid, 79 percent; atrazine, 46 percent; pendimethalin, 33 percent; and trifluralin, 33 percent. Dissolved-pesticide concentrations ranged from below instrumental limits of detection (0.5-1.0 nanograms per liter) to 771 nanograms per liter (hexazinone). The total number of pesticides detected in any given water sample ranged from 0 to 11. Only three pesticides (atrazine, fipronil, and simazine) were detected in samples from the control streams during the sampling period.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds667","collaboration":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","usgsCitation":"Reilly, T.J., Smalling, K., Wilson, E.R., and Battaglin, W.A., 2012, Dissolved pesticides, dissolved organic carbon, and water-quality characteristics in selected Idaho streams, April--December 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 667, vii, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds667.","productDescription":"vii, 17 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256940,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_667.jpg"},{"id":256935,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/667/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","county":"Canyon;Ada","city":"Parma;Boise","otherGeospatial":"Sand Run Gulch;Cottonwood Creek;Dry Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117,43 ], [ -117,44 ], [ -116,44 ], [ -116,43 ], [ -117,43 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a023fe4b0c8380cd4ff78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reilly, Timothy J. 0000-0002-2939-3050 tjreilly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2939-3050","contributorId":1858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"Timothy","email":"tjreilly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smalling, Kelly L.","contributorId":16105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smalling","given":"Kelly L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, Emma R.","contributorId":58499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Emma","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Battaglin, William A. 0000-0001-7287-7096 wbattagl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-7096","contributorId":1527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"William","email":"wbattagl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70038389,"text":"sir20125078 - 2012 - Analysis of low flows and selected methods for estimating low-flow characteristics at partial-record and ungaged stream sites in western Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-22T01:01:41","indexId":"sir20125078","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-21T09:42:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5078","title":"Analysis of low flows and selected methods for estimating low-flow characteristics at partial-record and ungaged stream sites in western Washington","docAbstract":"<p>A regional low-flow survey of small, perennial streams in western Washington was initiated by the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission (NWIFC), NWIFC-member tribes, and Point-No-Point Treaty Council in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey in 2007 and repeated by the tribes during the low-flow seasons of 2008&ndash;09. Low-flow measurements at 63 partial-record and miscellaneous streamflow-measurement sites during surveys in 2007&ndash;09 are used with concurrent flows at continuous streamflow-gaging stations (index sites) within the U.S. Geological Survey network to estimate the low-flow metric Q<sub>7,10</sub> at each measurement site (Q<sub>7,10</sub> is defined as the lowest average streamflow for a consecutive 7-day period that recurs on average once every 10 years). Index-site correlation methods for estimating low-flow characteristics at partial-record sites are reviewed and an empirical Monte Carlo technique is used with the daily streamflow record at 43 index sites to determine the error and bias associated with estimating the Q<sub>7,10</sub> at synthetic partial-record sites using three methods: Q-ratio, MOVE.1, and Base-Flow Correlation. The Q-ratio method generally has the lowest error and least amount of bias for 170 scenarios, with each scenario defined by the number of concurrent flow measurements between the partial-record and index sites (ranging from 4 to 20) and the combination of basin attributes used to select the index site. The root-mean square error for the Q-ratio method ranged from 70 to 118 percent, depending on the scenario. The scenario with the smallest root-mean square error used four concurrent flow measurements and the basin attributes: basin area, mean annual precipitation, and base-flow recession time constant, also referred to as tau (&tau;).</p>\n<p>Regional low-flow regression models for estimating Q<sub>7,10</sub> at ungaged stream sites are developed from the records of daily discharge at 65 continuous gaging stations (including 22 discontinued gaging stations) for the purpose of evaluating explanatory variables. By incorporating the base-flow recession time constant &tau; as an explanatory variable in the regression model, the root-mean square error for estimating Q<sub>7,10</sub> at ungaged sites can be lowered to 72 percent (for known values of &tau;), which is 42 percent less than if only basin area and mean annual precipitation are used as explanatory variables. If partial-record sites are included in the regression data set, &tau; must be estimated from pairs of discharge measurements made during continuous periods of declining low flows. Eight measurement pairs are optimal for estimating &tau; at partial-record sites, and result in a lowering of the root-mean square error by 25 percent. A low-flow survey strategy that includes paired measurements at partial-record sites requires additional effort and planning beyond a standard strategy, but could be used to enhance regional estimates of &tau; and potentially reduce the error of regional regression models for estimating low-flow characteristics at ungaged sites.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125078","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission","usgsCitation":"Curran, C.A., Eng, K., and Konrad, C.P., 2012, Analysis of low flows and selected methods for estimating low-flow characteristics at partial-record and ungaged stream sites in western Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5078, vi, 36 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125078.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p.; Appendix","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256902,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5078.jpg"},{"id":256899,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5078/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.83333333333333,49.25 ], [ -124.83333333333333,49 ], [ -121,49 ], [ -121,49.25 ], [ -124.83333333333333,49.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb1fe4b0c8380cd48c2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curran, Christopher A. 0000-0001-8933-416X ccurran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8933-416X","contributorId":1650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curran","given":"Christopher","email":"ccurran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eng, Ken","contributorId":89480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eng","given":"Ken","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Konrad, Christopher P. 0000-0002-7354-547X cpkonrad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7354-547X","contributorId":1716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konrad","given":"Christopher","email":"cpkonrad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70038385,"text":"sir20125023 - 2012 - Transient effects on groundwater chemical compositions from pumping of supply wells at the Nevada National Security Site, 1951-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-19T01:01:36","indexId":"sir20125023","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5023","title":"Transient effects on groundwater chemical compositions from pumping of supply wells at the Nevada National Security Site, 1951-2008","docAbstract":"Nuclear testing and support activities at the Nevada National Security Site have required large amounts of water for construction, public consumption, drilling, fire protection, hydraulic and nuclear testing, and dust control. To supply this demand, approximately 20,000 million gallons of water have been pumped from 23 wells completed in 19 boreholes located across the Nevada National Security Site starting as early as the 1950s. As a consequence of more or less continuous pumping from many of these wells for periods as long as 58 years, transient groundwater flow conditions have been created in the aquifers that supplied the water. To evaluate whether long-term pumping caused changes in water compositions over time, available chemical analyses of water samples from these 19 boreholes were compiled, screened, and evaluated for variability including statistically significant temporal trends that can be compared to records of groundwater pumping. Data used in this report have been extracted from a large database (Geochem08, revision 3.0, released in September 2008) containing geochemical and isotopic information created and maintained by primary contractors to the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration, Nevada Site Office. Data extracted from this source were compiled for the entire period of record, converted to uniform reporting units, and screened to eliminate analyses of poor or unknown quality, as well as clearly spurious values. The resulting data are included in accompanying spreadsheets that give values for (1) pH and specific conductance, (2) major ion concentrations, (3) trace element concentrations and environmental isotope ratios, and (4) mean, median, and variance estimates for major ion concentrations. The resulting data vary widely in quality and time-series density. An effort has been made to establish reasonable ranges of analytical uncertainty expected for each analyte and eliminate analyses that are obvious outliers. Analysis of chemical trends in this report primarily rely on specific conductance measurements and major ion concentrations, data considered to be the most accurate and reliable over the entire time span of investigation. The analysis uses parametric and non-parametric evaluations to provide a statistical basis for trend identification. Trace element and isotope data are examined for consistency, but typically are too inaccurate or infrequent to provide a reliable long term basis for trend evaluation. Groundwater withdrawal records compiled in a companion report are included graphically in this report to allow qualitative comparisons between water quality and pumping history. Data for each supply well include (1) a borehole description and summary of pumping history, (2) a description of water-quality parameters, (3) an evaluation of temporal variations of specific conductance and major ion concentrations, and (4) an examination of supporting information from trace element and isotope data. A range of responses are observed for individual supply wells that likely include the effects of both aquifer dynamics and changing borehole conditions. Data from most wells show little or no evidence for temporal variation in water-quality parameters indicating that aquifers at the Nevada National Security Site are capable of producing large volumes of compositionally uniform water over many years of pumping. A smaller number of wells show evidence of transient changes. Wells that have ceased pumping commonly show compositions that shift toward lower concentrations in subsequent bailed samples, which indicates that more dilute water entered the well over time due to either leakage of meteoric water into the well casing or more wide-spread recharge into the shallow phreatic zone. Wells that show systematic changes in water compositions during episodes of pumping commonly have multiple open intervals whose contributions to water in the well may change over time due to hydraulic conditions or well dynamics.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125023","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office, Office of Environmental Management under Interagency Agreement DE-A152-07NA28100","usgsCitation":"Paces, J.B., Elliott, P.E., Fenelon, J.M., Laczniak, R.J., and Moreo, M.T., 2012, Transient effects on groundwater chemical compositions from pumping of supply wells at the Nevada National Security Site, 1951-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5023, xii, 104 p.; Appendices; XLS Downloads of Appendices A-D, F; PDF Download of Appendix E, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125023.","productDescription":"xii, 104 p.; Appendices; XLS Downloads of Appendices A-D, F; PDF Download of Appendix E","startPage":"i","endPage":"108","numberOfPages":"120","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1951-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256893,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5023.jpg"},{"id":256891,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5023/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","otherGeospatial":"Nevada National Security Site","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb6fbe4b08c986b326faa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paces, James B. 0000-0002-9809-8493 jbpaces@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8493","contributorId":2514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paces","given":"James","email":"jbpaces@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elliott, Peggy E. 0000-0002-7264-664X pelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7264-664X","contributorId":3805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Peggy","email":"pelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":464030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fenelon, Joseph M. 0000-0003-4449-245X jfenelon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4449-245X","contributorId":2355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenelon","given":"Joseph","email":"jfenelon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Laczniak, Randell J.","contributorId":90687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laczniak","given":"Randell","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moreo, Michael T. 0000-0002-9122-6958 mtmoreo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9122-6958","contributorId":2363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moreo","given":"Michael","email":"mtmoreo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70007497,"text":"70007497 - 2012 - The structure of Mediterranean rocky reef ecosystems across environmental and human gradients, and conservation implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T10:04:57","indexId":"70007497","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The structure of Mediterranean rocky reef ecosystems across environmental and human gradients, and conservation implications","docAbstract":"<p>Historical exploitation of the Mediterranean Sea and the absence of rigorous baselines makes it difficult to evaluate the current health of the marine ecosystems and the efficacy of conservation actions at the ecosystem level. Here we establish the first current baseline and gradient of ecosystem structure of nearshore rocky reefs at the Mediterranean scale. We conducted underwater surveys in 14 marine protected areas and 18 open access sites across the Mediterranean, and across a 31-fold range of fish biomass (from 3.8 to 118 g m-2). Our data showed remarkable variation in the structure of rocky reef ecosystems. Multivariate analysis showed three alternative community states: (1) large fish biomass and reefs dominated by non-canopy algae, (2) lower fish biomass but abundant native algal canopies and suspension feeders, and (3) low fish biomass and extensive barrens, with areas covered by turf algae. Our results suggest that the healthiest shallow rocky reef ecosystems in the Mediterranean have both large fish and algal biomass. Protection level and primary production were the only variables significantly correlated to community biomass structure. Fish biomass was significantly larger in well-enforced no-take marine reserves, but there were no significant differences between multi-use marine protected areas (which allow some fishing) and open access areas at the regional scale. The gradients reported here represent a trajectory of degradation that can be used to assess the health of any similar habitat in the Mediterranean, and to evaluate the efficacy of marine protected areas.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0032742","usgsCitation":"Sala, E., Ballesteros, E., Dendrinos, P., Di Franco, A., Ferretti, F., Foley, D., Fraschetti, S., Friedlander, A.M., Garrabou, J., Guclusoy, H., Guidetti, P., Halpern, B.S., Hereu, B., Karamanlidis, A.A., Kizilkaya, Z., Macpherson, E., Mangialajo, L., Mariani, S., Micheli, F., Pais, A., Riser, K., Rosenberg, A.A., Sales, M., Selkoe, K.A., Starr, R., Tomas, F., and Zabala, M., 2012, The structure of Mediterranean rocky reef ecosystems across environmental and human gradients, and conservation implications: PLoS ONE, v. 7, no. 2, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032742.","productDescription":"e32742: 13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-033784","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474504,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032742","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":256894,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":256892,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032742","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"otherGeospatial":"Mediterranean Sea","volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb098e4b08c986b324f67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sala, Enric","contributorId":38437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sala","given":"Enric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ballesteros, Enric","contributorId":56113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballesteros","given":"Enric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dendrinos, Panagiotis","contributorId":63278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dendrinos","given":"Panagiotis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Di Franco, Antonio","contributorId":50055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Di Franco","given":"Antonio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ferretti, Francesco","contributorId":55294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferretti","given":"Francesco","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Foley, David","contributorId":49244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fraschetti, Simonetta","contributorId":16720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fraschetti","given":"Simonetta","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Friedlander, Alan M. afriedlander@usgs.gov","contributorId":4296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedlander","given":"Alan","email":"afriedlander@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Garrabou, Joaquim","contributorId":100255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrabou","given":"Joaquim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Guclusoy, Harun","contributorId":18637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guclusoy","given":"Harun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Guidetti, Paolo","contributorId":51164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guidetti","given":"Paolo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Halpern, Benjamin S.","contributorId":86649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halpern","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Hereu, Bernat","contributorId":56524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hereu","given":"Bernat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Karamanlidis, Alexandros A.","contributorId":83402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karamanlidis","given":"Alexandros","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Kizilkaya, Zafer","contributorId":106763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kizilkaya","given":"Zafer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Macpherson, Enrique","contributorId":104351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macpherson","given":"Enrique","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Mangialajo, Luisa","contributorId":53665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangialajo","given":"Luisa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Mariani, Simone","contributorId":16283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mariani","given":"Simone","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Micheli, Fiorenza","contributorId":6731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Micheli","given":"Fiorenza","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Pais, Antonio","contributorId":62475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pais","given":"Antonio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Riser, Kristin","contributorId":23399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riser","given":"Kristin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Rosenberg, Andrew A.","contributorId":104780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberg","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Sales, Marta","contributorId":14701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sales","given":"Marta","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Selkoe, Kimberly A.","contributorId":48835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selkoe","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Starr, Rick","contributorId":27867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starr","given":"Rick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Tomas, Fiona","contributorId":20617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tomas","given":"Fiona","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Zabala, Mikel","contributorId":57733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zabala","given":"Mikel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27}]}}
,{"id":70038378,"text":"fs20123056 - 2012 - Beryllium--important for national defense","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-22T01:01:41","indexId":"fs20123056","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3056","title":"Beryllium--important for national defense","docAbstract":"Beryllium is one of the lightest and stiffest metals, but there was little industrial demand for it until the 1930s and 1940s when the aerospace, defense, and nuclear sectors began using beryllium and its compounds. Beryllium is now classified by the U.S. Department of Defense as a strategic and critical material because it is used in products that are vital to national security. The oxide form of beryllium was identified in 1797, and scientists first isolated metallic beryllium in 1828. The United States is the world's leading source of beryllium. A single mine at Spor Mountain, Utah, produced more than 85 percent of the beryllium mined worldwide in 2010. China produced most of the remainder, and less than 2 percent came from Mozambique and other countries. National stockpiles also provide significant amounts of beryllium for processing. To help predict where future beryllium supplies might be located, U.S.Geological Survey (USGS) scientists study how and where beryllium resources are concentrated in Earth's crust and use that knowledge to assess the likelihood that undiscovered beryllium resources may exist. Techniques to assess mineral resources have been developed by the USGS to support the stewardship of Federal lands and to better evaluate mineral resource availability in a global context. The USGS also compiles statistics and information on the worldwide supply of, demand for, and flow of beryllium. These data are used to inform U.S. national policymaking.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123056","usgsCitation":"Boland, M., 2012, Beryllium--important for national defense: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3056, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123056.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256885,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3056.gif"},{"id":256879,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3056/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f0cde4b0c8380cd4a90c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boland, M.A.","contributorId":60060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boland","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70038377,"text":"sir20125079 - 2012 - Well network installation and hydrogeologic data collection, Assateague Island National Seashore, Worcester County, Maryland, 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-09T20:19:02.55174","indexId":"sir20125079","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5079","title":"Well network installation and hydrogeologic data collection, Assateague Island National Seashore, Worcester County, Maryland, 2010","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, as part of its Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program, is conducting a multi-year investigation to assess potential impacts on the natural resources of Assateague Island National Seashore, Maryland that may result from changes in the hydrologic system in response to projected sea-level rise. As part of this effort, 26 monitoring wells were installed in pairs along five east-west trending transects. Each of the five transects has between two and four pairs of wells, consisting of a shallow well and a deeper well. The shallow well typically was installed several feet below the water table&mdash;usually in freshwater about 10 feet below land surface (ft bls)&mdash;to measure water-level changes in the shallow groundwater system. The deeper well was installed below the anticipated depth to the freshwater-saltwater interface&mdash;usually in saltwater about 45 to 55 ft bls&mdash;for the purpose of borehole geophysical logging to characterize local differences in lithology and salinity and to monitor tidal influences on groundwater. Four of the 13 shallow wells and 5 of the 13 deeper wells were instrumented with water-level recorders that collected water-level data at 15-minute intervals from August 12 through September 28, 2010. Data collected from these instrumented wells were compared with tide data collected north of Assateague Island at the Ocean City Inlet tide gage, and precipitation data collected by National Park Service staff on Assateague Island. These data indicate that precipitation events coupled with changes in ambient sea level had the largest effect on groundwater levels in all monitoring wells near the Atlantic Ocean and Chincoteague and Sinepuxent Bays, whereas precipitation events alone had the greatest impact on shallow groundwater levels near the center of the island. Daily and bi-monthly tidal cycles appeared to have minimal influence on groundwater levels throughout the island and the water-level changes that were observed appeared to vary among well sites, indicating that changes in lithology and salinity also may affect the response of water levels in the shallow and deeper groundwater systems throughout the island. Borehole geophysical logs were collected at each of the 13 deeper wells along the 5 transects. Electromagnetic induction logs were collected to identify changes in lithology; determine the approximate location of the freshwater-saltwater interface; and characterize the distribution of fresh and brackish water in the shallow aquifer, and the geometry of the fresh groundwater lens beneath the island. Natural gamma logs were collected to provide information on the geologic framework of the island including the presence and thickness of finer-grained deposits found in the subsurface throughout the island during previous investigations. Results of this investigation show the need for collection of continuous water-level data in both the shallow and deeper parts of the flow system and electromagnetic induction and natural gamma geophysical logging data to better understand the response of this groundwater system to changes in precipitation and tidal forcing. Hydrologic data collected as part of this investigation will serve as the foundation for the development of numerical flow models to assess the potential effects of climate change on the coastal groundwater system of Assateague Island.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125079","collaboration":"USGS Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program","usgsCitation":"Banks, W.S., Masterson, J., and Johnson, C.D., 2012, Well network installation and hydrogeologic data collection, Assateague Island National Seashore, Worcester County, Maryland, 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5079, v, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125079.","productDescription":"v, 20 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"25","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia  Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256886,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5079.gif"},{"id":256878,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5079/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl","county":"Worcester County","otherGeospatial":"Assateague Island National Seashore","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcfd9e4b08c986b32eb3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banks, William S.L.","contributorId":35281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"S.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Masterson, John P. 0000-0003-3202-4413 jpmaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-4413","contributorId":1865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masterson","given":"John P.","email":"jpmaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":464013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Carole D. 0000-0001-6941-1578 cjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1578","contributorId":1891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Carole","email":"cjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70157098,"text":"70157098 - 2012 - Fuel treatment impacts on estimated wildfire carbon loss from forests in Montana, Oregon, California, and Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-05T15:50:31","indexId":"70157098","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-16T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fuel treatment impacts on estimated wildfire carbon loss from forests in Montana, Oregon, California, and Arizona","docAbstract":"<div data-canvas-width=\"613.7058754166663\">Using forests to sequester carbon in response to anthropogenically induced climate change is being considered across the globe. A recent U.S. executive order mandated that all federal agencies account for sequestration and emissions of greenhouse gases, highlighting the importance of understanding how forest carbon stocks are influenced by wildfire. This paper reports the effects of the most common forest fuel reduction treatments on carbon pools composed of live and dead biomass as well as potential wildfire emissions from six different sites in four western U.S. states. Additionally, we predict the median forest product life spans and uses of materials removed during mechanical treatments. Carbon loss from modeled wildfire-induced tree mortality was lowest in the mechanical plus prescribed fire treatments, followed by the prescribed fire-only treatments. Wildfire emissions varied from 10&ndash;80 Mg/ha and were lowest in the prescribed fire and mechanical followed by prescribed fire treatments at most sites. Mean biomass removals per site ranged from approximately 30&ndash;60 dry Mg/ha; the median lives of products in first use varied considerably (from &lt;10 to &gt;50 years). Our research suggests most of the benefits of increased fire resistance can be achieved with relatively small reductions in current carbon stocks. Retaining or growing larger trees also reduced the vulnerability of carbon loss from wildfire. In addition, modeled vulnerabilities to carbon losses and median forest product life spans varied considerably across our study sites, which could be used to help prioritize treatment implementation.</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1890/ES11-00289.1","usgsCitation":"Stephens, S.L., Boerner, R.E., Maghaddas, J.J., Maghaddas, E.E., Collins, B.M., Dow, C.B., Edminster, C., Fiedler, C.E., Fry, D.L., Hartsough, B.R., Keeley, J.E., Knapp, E.E., McIver, J.D., Skinner, C.N., and Youngblood, A.P., 2012, Fuel treatment impacts on estimated wildfire carbon loss from forests in Montana, Oregon, California, and Arizona: Ecosphere, v. 3, no. 5, Art. 38: 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1890/ES11-00289.1.","productDescription":"Art. 38: 17 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-026488","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research 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,{"id":70038374,"text":"ofr20121070 - 2012 - Geochemical data from groundwater at the proposed Dewey Burdock uranium in-situ recovery mine, Edgemont, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-17T01:01:41","indexId":"ofr20121070","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-16T09:50:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1070","title":"Geochemical data from groundwater at the proposed Dewey Burdock uranium in-situ recovery mine, Edgemont, South Dakota","docAbstract":"This report releases groundwater geochemistry data from samples that were collected in June 2011 at the Dewey Burdock proposed uranium in-situ recovery site near Edgemont, South Dakota. The sampling and analytical methods are summarized, and all of the data, including quality assurance/quality control information are provided in data tables.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121070","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.H., 2012, Geochemical data from groundwater at the proposed Dewey Burdock uranium in-situ recovery mine, Edgemont, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1070, iii, 5 p.; Figures; Tables Download; Appendices Download, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121070.","productDescription":"iii, 5 p.; Figures; Tables Download; Appendices Download","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2011-06-01","temporalEnd":"2011-06-30","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256862,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1070.png"},{"id":256860,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1070/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","city":"Edgemont","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.03416666666666,43.4175 ], [ -104.03416666666666,43.53333333333333 ], [ -103.93333333333334,43.53333333333333 ], [ -103.93333333333334,43.4175 ], [ -104.03416666666666,43.4175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1617e4b0c8380cd55040","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Raymond H. rhjohnso@usgs.gov","contributorId":707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Raymond","email":"rhjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":464011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70038373,"text":"sir20125041 - 2012 - The systematic geologic mapping program and a quadrangle-by-quadrangle analysis of time-stratigraphic relations within oil shale-bearing rocks of the Piceance Basin, western Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-17T01:01:41","indexId":"sir20125041","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-16T09:33:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5041","title":"The systematic geologic mapping program and a quadrangle-by-quadrangle analysis of time-stratigraphic relations within oil shale-bearing rocks of the Piceance Basin, western Colorado","docAbstract":"During the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, the U.S. Geological Survey mapped the entire area underlain by oil shale of the Eocene Green River Formation in the Piceance Basin of western Colorado. The Piceance Basin contains the largest known oil shale deposit in the world, with an estimated 1.53 trillion barrels of oil in place and as much as 400,000 barrels of oil per acre. This report places the sixty-nine 7&#189;-minute geologic quadrangle maps and one 15-minute quadrangle map published during this period into a comprehensive time-stratigraphic framework based on the alternating rich and lean oil shale zones. The quadrangles are placed in their respective regional positions on one large stratigraphic chart so that tracking the various stratigraphic unit names that have been applied can be followed between adjacent quadrangles. Members of the Green River Formation were defined prior to the detailed mapping, and many inconsistencies and correlation problems had to be addressed as mapping progressed. As a result, some of the geologic units that were defined prior to mapping were modified or discarded. The extensive body of geologic data provided by the detailed quadrangle maps contributes to a better understanding of the distribution and characteristics of the oil shale-bearing rocks across the Piceance Basin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125041","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.C., 2012, The systematic geologic mapping program and a quadrangle-by-quadrangle analysis of time-stratigraphic relations within oil shale-bearing rocks of the Piceance Basin, western Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5041, iv, 28 p.; Plate 1: 58.94 x 118.48 inches; Plate 2: 107.56 x 86.49 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125041.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.; Plate 1: 58.94 x 118.48 inches; Plate 2: 107.56 x 86.49 inches","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5041.png"},{"id":256859,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5041/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Piceance Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.25,38 ], [ -112.25,43.416666666666664 ], [ -106.25,43.416666666666664 ], [ -106.25,38 ], [ -112.25,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb0e2e4b08c986b3250e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Ronald C. 0000-0002-6197-5165 rcjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-5165","contributorId":1550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Ronald","email":"rcjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70038372,"text":"ds643 - 2012 - National wildlife refuge visitor survey 2010/2011: Individual refuge results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-17T01:01:41","indexId":"ds643","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"643","title":"National wildlife refuge visitor survey 2010/2011: Individual refuge results","docAbstract":"The National Wildlife Refuge System (Refuge System), established in 1903 and managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), is the leading network of protected lands and waters in the world dedicated to the conservation of fish, wildlife and their habitats. There are 556 national wildlife refuges and 38 wetland management districts nationwide, encompassing more than 150 million acres. The Refuge System attracts more than 45 million visitors annually, including 25 million people per year to observe and photograph wildlife, over 9 million to hunt and fish, and more than 10 million to participate in educational and interpretation programs. Understanding visitors and characterizing their experiences on national wildlife refuges are critical elements of managing these lands and meeting the goals of the Refuge System. The Service collaborated with the U.S. Geological Survey to conduct a national survey of visitors regarding their experiences on national wildlife refuges. The survey was conducted to better understand visitor needs and experiences and to design programs and facilities that respond to those needs. The survey results will inform Service performance planning, budget, and communications goals. Results will also inform Comprehensive Conservation Plan (CCPs), Visitor Services, and Transportation Planning processes. This data series consists of 53 separate data files. Each file describes the results of the survey for an individual refuge and contains the following information: * Introduction: An overview of the Refuge System and the goals of the national surveying effort. * Methods: The procedures for the national surveying effort, including selecting refuges, developing the survey instrument, contacting visitors, and guidance for interpreting the results. * Refuge Description: A brief description of the refuge location, acreage, purpose, recreational activities, and visitation statistics, including a map (where available) and refuge website link. * Sampling at This Refuge: The sampling periods, locations, and response rate for the refuge. * Selected Survey Results: Key findings for the refuge, including: - Visitor and Trip Characteristics - Visitor Spending in the Local Communities - Visitors Opinions about This Refuge - Visitor Opinions about National Wildlife Refuge System Topics * Conclusion * References * Survey Frequencies (Appendix A): The survey instrument with the frequency results for this refuge. * Visitor Comments (Appendix B): The verbatim responses to the open-ended survey questions for this refuge. Combined results for the 53 participating refuges are available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/685/ as part of USGS Data Series 685.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds643","usgsCitation":"Sexton, N.R., Dietsch, A.M., Don Carlos, A.W., Koontz, L.M., Solomon, A.N., and Miller, H.M., 2012, National wildlife refuge visitor survey 2010/2011: Individual refuge results: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 643, HTML Document; PDF Downloads of Visitor Survey Results for 53 National Wildlife Refuges, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds643.","productDescription":"HTML Document; PDF Downloads of Visitor Survey Results for 53 National Wildlife Refuges","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2010-07-01","temporalEnd":"2011-11-30","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256854,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_643.png"},{"id":256851,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/643/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6293e4b0c8380cd71fc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sexton, Natalie R.","contributorId":82750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexton","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dietsch, Alia M.","contributorId":66399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietsch","given":"Alia","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Don Carlos, Andrew W.","contributorId":89755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Don Carlos","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koontz, Lynne M.","contributorId":26167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Solomon, Adam N.","contributorId":18212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solomon","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, Holly M. 0000-0003-0914-7570 millerh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0914-7570","contributorId":29544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Holly","email":"millerh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70045140,"text":"70045140 - 2012 - W phase source inversion for moderate to large earthquakes (1990-2010)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-28T10:08:25","indexId":"70045140","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"W phase source inversion for moderate to large earthquakes (1990-2010)","docAbstract":"Rapid characterization of the earthquake source and of its effects is a growing field of interest. Until recently, it still took several hours to determine the first-order attributes of a great earthquake (e.g. M<sub>w</sub>≥ 7.5), even in a well-instrumented region. The main limiting factors were data saturation, the interference of different phases and the time duration and spatial extent of the source rupture. To accelerate centroid moment tensor (CMT) determinations, we have developed a source inversion algorithm based on modelling of the W phase, a very long period phase (100–1000 s) arriving at the same time as the P wave. The purpose of this work is to finely tune and validate the algorithm for large-to-moderate-sized earthquakes using three components of W phase ground motion at teleseismic distances. To that end, the point source parameters of all M<sub>w</sub>≥ 6.5 earthquakes that occurred between 1990 and 2010 (815 events) are determined using Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks, Global Seismographic Network broad-band stations and STS1 global virtual networks of the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology Data Management Center. For each event, a preliminary magnitude obtained from W phase amplitudes is used to estimate the initial moment rate function half duration and to define the corner frequencies of the passband filter that will be applied to the waveforms. Starting from these initial parameters, the seismic moment tensor is calculated using a preliminary location as a first approximation of the centroid. A full CMT inversion is then conducted for centroid timing and location determination. Comparisons with Harvard and Global CMT solutions highlight the robustness of W phase CMT solutions at teleseismic distances. The differences in M<sub>w</sub> rarely exceed 0.2 and the source mechanisms are very similar to one another. Difficulties arise when a target earthquake is shortly (e.g. within 10 hr) preceded by another large earthquake, which disturbs the waveforms of the target event. To deal with such difficult situations, we remove the perturbation caused by earlier disturbing events by subtracting the corresponding synthetics from the data. The CMT parameters for the disturbed event can then be retrieved using the residual seismograms. We also explore the feasibility of obtaining source parameters of smaller earthquakes in the range 6.0 ≤M<sub>w</sub> < 6.5. Results suggest that the W phase inversion can be implemented reliably for the majority of earthquakes of M<sub>w</sub>= 6 or larger.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Journal International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2012.05419.x","usgsCitation":"Duputel, Z., Rivera, L., Kanamori, H., and Hayes, G.P., 2012, W phase source inversion for moderate to large earthquakes (1990-2010): Geophysical Journal International, v. 189, no. 2, p. 1125-1147, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2012.05419.x.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1125","endPage":"1147","ipdsId":"IP-035740","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474506,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2012.05419.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":272856,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272855,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2012.05419.x"}],"country":"United States","volume":"189","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a5d1f1e4b0605bc571f03b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duputel, Zacharie","contributorId":20462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duputel","given":"Zacharie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rivera, Luis","contributorId":102367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rivera","given":"Luis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kanamori, Hiroo","contributorId":106120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanamori","given":"Hiroo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hayes, Gavin P. 0000-0003-3323-0112 ghayes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3323-0112","contributorId":842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Gavin","email":"ghayes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":476921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70044427,"text":"70044427 - 2012 - Stable isotopes to detect food-conditioned bears and to evaluate human-bear management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-07T10:49:35","indexId":"70044427","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stable isotopes to detect food-conditioned bears and to evaluate human-bear management","docAbstract":"We used genetic and stable isotope analysis of hair from free-ranging black bears (Ursus americanus) in Yosemite National Park, California, USA to: 1) identify bears that consume human food, 2) estimate the diets of these bears, and 3) evaluate the Yosemite human–bear management program. Specifically, we analyzed the isotopic composition of hair from bears known a priori to be food-conditioned or non-food-conditioned and used these data to predict whether bears with an unknown management status were food-conditioned (FC) or non-food-conditioned (NFC). We used a stable isotope mixing model to estimate the proportional contribution of natural foods (plants and animals) versus human food in the diets of FC bears. We then used results from both analyses to evaluate proactive (population-level) and reactive (individual-level) human–bear management, and discussed new metrics to evaluate the overall human–bear management program in Yosemite. Our results indicated that 19 out of 145 (13%) unknown bears sampled from 2005 to 2007 were food-conditioned. The proportion of human food in the diets of known FC bears likely declined from 2001–2003 to 2005–2007, suggesting proactive management was successful in reducing the amount of human food available to bears. In contrast, reactive management was not successful in changing the management status of known FC bears to NFC bears, or in reducing the contribution of human food to the diets of FC bears. Nine known FC bears were recaptured on 14 occasions from 2001 to 2007; all bears were classified as FC during subsequent recaptures, and human–bear management did not reduce the amount of human food in the diets of FC bears. Based on our results, we suggest Yosemite continue implementing proactive human–bear management, reevaluate reactive management, and consider removing problem bears (those involved in repeated bear incidents) from the population.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.318","usgsCitation":"Hopkins, J.B., Koch, P.L., Schwartz, C.C., Ferguson, J.M., Greenleaf, S.S., and Kalinowski, S.T., 2012, Stable isotopes to detect food-conditioned bears and to evaluate human-bear management: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 76, no. 4, p. 703-713, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.318.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"703","endPage":"713","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-028784","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271941,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271934,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.318"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Yosemite National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.88,37.49 ], [ -119.88,38.18 ], [ -119.19,38.18 ], [ -119.19,37.49 ], [ -119.88,37.49 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"76","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518a227ae4b061e1bd5334c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hopkins, John B. III","contributorId":42112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"John","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koch, Paul L.","contributorId":6742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwartz, Charles C.","contributorId":55950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":475577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferguson, Jake M.","contributorId":17895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferguson","given":"Jake","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Greenleaf, Schuyler S.","contributorId":16729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenleaf","given":"Schuyler","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kalinowski, Steven T.","contributorId":78465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalinowski","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70038371,"text":"ofr20121011 - 2012 - Logs and data from trenches across and near the Green Valley Fault at the Mason Road site, Fairfield, Solano County, California, 2006-2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-17T01:01:41","indexId":"ofr20121011","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-15T20:35:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1011","title":"Logs and data from trenches across and near the Green Valley Fault at the Mason Road site, Fairfield, Solano County, California, 2006-2009","docAbstract":"The primary purpose of this report is to provide drafted field logs of exploratory trenches excavated across the Green Valley Fault in 2007 and 2009 that show evidence for four surface rupturing earthquakes in the past one thousand years. The site location and site detail are shown on sheet 1. The trench logs are shown on sheets 1, 2, and 3. We also provide radiocarbon laboratory dates used for chronological modeling of the earthquake history. Sheets 4 and 5 show additional data obtained in 2006&ndash;2009 to document data obtained in our studies of the long-term geologic slip rate on the Green Valley Fault. However, that effort ultimately did not prove feasible and no slip rate estimate resulted.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121011","usgsCitation":"Lienkaemper, J.J., Sickler, R.R., Mahan, S., Brown, J., Reidy, L.M., and Kimball, M.A., 2012, Logs and data from trenches across and near the Green Valley Fault at the Mason Road site, Fairfield, Solano County, California, 2006-2009: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1011, Pamphlet: iii, 5 p.; Sheet 1: 36.00 x 24.00 inches; Sheet 2: 36.00 x 18.00 inches; Sheet 3: 24.00 x 15.00 inches; Sheet 4: 24.00 x 20.00 inches; Sheet 5: 17.00 x 11.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121011.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iii, 5 p.; Sheet 1: 36.00 x 24.00 inches; Sheet 2: 36.00 x 18.00 inches; Sheet 3: 24.00 x 15.00 inches; Sheet 4: 24.00 x 20.00 inches; Sheet 5: 17.00 x 11.00 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":379,"text":"Menlo Park Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256853,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1011.gif"},{"id":256850,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1011/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Solano","city":"Fairfield","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a494fe4b0c8380cd684de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lienkaemper, James J. 0000-0002-7578-7042 jlienk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7578-7042","contributorId":1941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienkaemper","given":"James","email":"jlienk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sickler, Robert R. 0000-0002-9141-625X rsickler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9141-625X","contributorId":3235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sickler","given":"Robert","email":"rsickler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":1215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":463998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Johnathan","contributorId":56082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Johnathan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reidy, Liam M.","contributorId":105372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reidy","given":"Liam","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kimball, Mindy A.","contributorId":72241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Mindy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70038369,"text":"ds685 - 2012 - National wildlife refuge visitor survey results: 2010/2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-10-22T17:16:26","indexId":"ds685","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"685","title":"National wildlife refuge visitor survey results: 2010/2011","docAbstract":"The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) collaborated with the U.S. Geological Survey to conduct a national survey of visitors regarding their experiences on national wildlife refuges. The survey was conducted to better understand visitor needs and experiences and to design programs and facilities that respond to those needs. The survey results will inform Service performance planning, budget, and communications goals. Results will also inform Comprehensive Conservation Plan (CCPs), Visitor Services, and Transportation Planning processes. The survey was conducted on 53 refuges across the National Wildlife Refuge System (Refuge System) to better understand visitor needs and experiences and to design programs and facilities that respond to those needs. A total of 14,832 visitors agreed to participate in the survey between July 2010 and November 2011. In all, 10,233 visitors completed the survey for a 71% response rate. This report provides a summary of visitor and trip characteristics; visitor opinions about refuges and their offerings; and visitor opinions about alternative transportation and climate change, two Refuge System topics of interest. The Refuge System, established in 1903 and managed by the Service, is the leading network of protected lands and waters in the world dedicated to the conservation of fish, wildlife and their habitats. There are 556 National Wildlife Refuges and 38 wetland management districts nationwide, encompassing more than 150 million acres. The Refuge System attracts more than 45 million visitors annually, including 25 million people per year to observe and photograph wildlife, over 9 million to hunt and fish, and more than 10 million to participate in educational and interpretation programs. Understanding visitors and characterizing their experiences on national wildlife refuges are critical elements of managing these lands and meeting the goals of the Refuge System. These combined results are based on surveying at 53 participating refuges during 2010/2011 and contain the following information: * Synopsis: Brief summary of the survey results. * Introduction: An overview of the Refuge System and the goals of the national surveying effort. * Methods: The procedures for the national surveying effort, including selecting refuges, developing the survey instrument, contacting visitors, and guidance for interpreting the results. * Survey Results: Key findings from the survey, including:  - Visitor and trip characteristics - Visitors opinions about refuges - Visitor opinions about alternative transportation - Visitor opinions about climate change * Conclusion * References Individual results for each of the 53 participating refuges are available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/643/ as part of USGS Data Series 643.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds685","usgsCitation":"Sexton, N.R., Dietsch, A.M., Don Carolos, A.W., Miller, H.M., Koontz, L.M., and Solomon, A.N., 2012, National wildlife refuge visitor survey results: 2010/2011: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 685, iv, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds685.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256848,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_685.png"},{"id":256847,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/685/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6294e4b0c8380cd71fc8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sexton, Natalie R.","contributorId":82750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexton","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dietsch, Alia M.","contributorId":66399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietsch","given":"Alia","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Don Carolos, Andrew W.","contributorId":9099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Don Carolos","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Holly M. 0000-0003-0914-7570 millerh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0914-7570","contributorId":29544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Holly","email":"millerh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koontz, Lynne M.","contributorId":26167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Solomon, Adam N.","contributorId":18212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solomon","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70038364,"text":"sir20115228 - 2012 - Evaluation of geophysical techniques for the detection of paleochannels in the Oakland area of eastern Nebraska as part of the Eastern Nebraska Water Resource Assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-15T01:01:40","indexId":"sir20115228","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-14T15:35:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5228","title":"Evaluation of geophysical techniques for the detection of paleochannels in the Oakland area of eastern Nebraska as part of the Eastern Nebraska Water Resource Assessment","docAbstract":"<p>Over the winter and spring of 2009, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a general assessment of the capabilities of several geophysical tools to delineate buried paleochannel aquifers in the glacial terrain of eastern Nebraska. Mapping these paleochannels is an important objective for the Eastern Nebraska Water Resources Assessment group. Previous attempts at mapping these channels included a helicopter electromagnetic survey flown over an area near the town of Oakland, Nebraska, in March 2007. This survey had limited success in imaging the paleochannels due to the restricted depth of investigation of the system in the clay-rich till overburden. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether other airborne electromagnetic or surface geophysical techniques, including audio-magnetotelluric, time-domain electromagnetic, gravity, and magnetic methods, could be used to image the paleochannels in the clay-rich tills of eastern Nebraska. This report releases the results of testing the ability of selected geophysical techniques to map aquifers in glacial deposits near the town of Oakland, Nebraska.</p>\n<p>Surface audio-magnetotelluric and time-domain electromagnetic methods achieved sufficient depth of penetration and indicated that the paleochannel was much more complex than the original geological model. Simulated and observed gravity anomalies indicate that imaging sand and gravel aquifers near Oakland, Nebraska, would be difficult due to the complex basement density contrasts. Interpretation of the magnetic data indicates no magnetic sources from geologic units above the bedrock surface. Based upon the analysis and interpretation of the four methods evaluated, we suggest a large-scale survey using a high-powered time-domain airborne system. This is the most efficient and cost-effective path forward for the Eastern Nebraska Water Assessment group to map paleochannels that lie beneath thick clay-rich glacial tills.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115228","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Eastern Nebraska Water Resource Assessment","usgsCitation":"Abraham, J., Bedrosian, P.A., Asch, T., Ball, L.B., Cannia, J.C., Phillips, J.D., and Lackey, S., 2012, Evaluation of geophysical techniques for the detection of paleochannels in the Oakland area of eastern Nebraska as part of the Eastern Nebraska Water Resource Assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5228, viii, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115228.","productDescription":"viii, 40 p.","temporalStart":"2009-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5228.gif"},{"id":254766,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5228/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","city":"Oakland","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98,40 ], [ -98,43 ], [ -95,43 ], [ -95,40 ], [ -98,40 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c7de4b0c8380cd52b86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abraham, Jared D.","contributorId":42630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abraham","given":"Jared D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Asch, Theodore H.","contributorId":83617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asch","given":"Theodore H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ball, Lyndsay B. 0000-0002-6356-4693 lbball@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6356-4693","contributorId":1138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"Lyndsay","email":"lbball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cannia, James C.","contributorId":94356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannia","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Phillips, Jeffery D.","contributorId":63489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lackey, Susan","contributorId":44397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lackey","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70038358,"text":"ds653 - 2012 - Archive of digital boomer seismic reflection data collected offshore northeast Florida during USGS cruise 02FGS01, October 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-15T01:01:40","indexId":"ds653","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"653","title":"Archive of digital boomer seismic reflection data collected offshore northeast Florida during USGS cruise 02FGS01, October 2002","docAbstract":"This Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds653","usgsCitation":"Subino, J.A., Forde, A.S., Dadisman, S.V., Wiese, D.S., and Calderon, K., 2012, Archive of digital boomer seismic reflection data collected offshore northeast Florida during USGS cruise 02FGS01, October 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 653, HTML Document; DVD, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds653.","productDescription":"HTML Document; DVD","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2002-10-01","temporalEnd":"2002-10-31","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_653.bmp"},{"id":254758,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/653/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed48e4b0c8380cd496ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Subino, Janice A.","contributorId":50386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Subino","given":"Janice","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Forde, Arnell S. 0000-0002-5581-2255 aforde@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5581-2255","contributorId":376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forde","given":"Arnell","email":"aforde@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dadisman, Shawn V. sdadisman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dadisman","given":"Shawn","email":"sdadisman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":463955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wiese, Dana S. dwiese@usgs.gov","contributorId":2476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiese","given":"Dana","email":"dwiese@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Calderon, Karynna","contributorId":92739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calderon","given":"Karynna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
]}