{"pageNumber":"6380","pageRowStart":"159475","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184913,"records":[{"id":70227416,"text":"70227416 - 1971 - Boulder Creek batholith, Colorado part III: Fingerprinting discordant zircon ages in a complex intrusion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-13T21:44:21.359303","indexId":"70227416","displayToPublicDate":"1971-06-01T15:39:19","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Boulder Creek batholith, Colorado part III: Fingerprinting discordant zircon ages in a complex intrusion","docAbstract":"<p>The apparent ages (32 lead/alpha and 6 Pb<sup>206</sup>/U<sup>238</sup>) of zircon as plotted on an isochron map of the Boulder Creek batholith define the following pattern: (1) very high ages (1600 to 1900 m.y.) within the outermost border zone on the southwest, south, and southeast; (2) transitional high ages (1300 to 1600 m.y.) within an inner border zone on the east and widening to the south and west to include about one-third of the batholith; (3) transitional low ages (1000 to 1300 m.y.) throughout much of the interior of the northern half; and (4) very low ages (1000 m.y. or less) limited to a small area within the northeast corner.</p><p>The area of minimum age is shown to be part of the reduced-age aureole surrounding the 77 m.y. hornblende granodiorite stock at Jamestown that intrudes the Silver Plume Granite of the Longs Peak-St. Vrain batholith in the region immediately to the north of the minimum-age area of the Boulder Creek batholith. A southeastward elongation of the area of minimum age is attributed to channelway control of the solutions responsible for the recrystallization of the zircon by those northwest-trending breccia reefs that are cut by, or strike toward, the Laramide intrusion.</p><p>Statistical studies of five zircon separates used for isotopic work showed that the frequency of grains having partial, or complete, rims of colorless zircon on purple to semiopaque zircon cores increased inversely with measured Pb<sup>206</sup>/U<sup>238</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>age along a smooth curve that, when extrapolated, connected the point representing age of emplacement (0 percent rims) and the point representing the approximate age of re-crystallization (100 percent rims). Consequently, in the Boulder Creek zircon rim frequency gives a useful estimate of the amount of lead lost relative to uranium and thorium from a given sample during its recrystallization. The microstudy indicated: (1) the surface separating core and rim is a major discontinuity; (2) the greater part of the rims appear to be true overgrowths; and (3) the highest frequency of rims is found in the most metamict zircon. However, in any one sample a significant fraction of the most metamict zircon has been sheltered from reaction, presumably by inclusion within relatively impervious minerals, and remains free of rims. These observations coupled with the map evidence of selective channelway control point to warm solutions rather than dry heat as the agent of recrystallization and lead loss.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[1635:BCBCPI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Phair, G., Stern, T.W., and Gottfried, D., 1971, Boulder Creek batholith, Colorado part III: Fingerprinting discordant zircon ages in a complex intrusion: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 6, p. 1635-1655, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[1635:BCBCPI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1635","endPage":"1655","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394351,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Boulder Creek batholith","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.96450805664062,\n              39.536880650643056\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.98672485351562,\n              39.536880650643056\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.98672485351562,\n              40.263808598903566\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.96450805664062,\n              40.263808598903566\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.96450805664062,\n              39.536880650643056\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phair, George","contributorId":91512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phair","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stern, Thomas W.","contributorId":271088,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stern","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gottfried, David","contributorId":82295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gottfried","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70227414,"text":"70227414 - 1971 - Phylum and class nomenclature in systematics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-13T21:28:03.238857","indexId":"70227414","displayToPublicDate":"1971-06-01T15:22:20","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3510,"text":"Systematic Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phylum and class nomenclature in systematics","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.2307/2412062","usgsCitation":"Yochelson, E.L., 1971, Phylum and class nomenclature in systematics: Systematic Biology, v. 20, no. 2, p. 245-249, https://doi.org/10.2307/2412062.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"249","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394348,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yochelson, Ellis L.","contributorId":90802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yochelson","given":"Ellis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70227348,"text":"70227348 - 1971 - Comparison of SLAR images and small-scale, low-sun aerial photographs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T21:26:27.130718","indexId":"70227348","displayToPublicDate":"1971-06-01T15:15:53","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of SLAR images and small-scale, low-sun aerial photographs","docAbstract":"<p>A comparison of side-looking airborne radar (SLAR) images and black and white aerial photos of similar scale and illumination of an area in the Mojave Desert of California shows that aerial photos yield far more information about geology than do SLAR images because of greater resolution, tonal range, and geometric fidelity, and easier use in stereo. Nevertheless, radar can differentiate some materials or surfaces that aerial photos cannot; thus, they should be considered as complementary, rather than competing tools in geologic investigations.</p><p>The most significant advantage of SLAR, however, is its freedom from the stringent conditions of weather, date, and time that are required by small-scale aerial photos taken with a specified direction and angle of illumination. Indeed, in low latitudes, SLAR is the only way to obtain small-scale images with low illumination from certain directions; moreover, in areas of nearly continuous cloudiness, radar may be the only practical source of small-scale images.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[1735:COSIAS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Clark, M.M., 1971, Comparison of SLAR images and small-scale, low-sun aerial photographs: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 6, p. 1735-1742, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[1735:COSIAS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1735","endPage":"1742","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394145,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.828125,\n              34.79576153473033\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.311767578125,\n              34.6060845921693\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.46582031249999,\n              34.252676117101515\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.83959960937499,\n              33.97980872872457\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.42211914062499,\n              33.970697997361626\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.05957031249999,\n              34.134541681937364\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.411376953125,\n              34.116352469972746\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.136962890625,\n              34.279914398549934\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.400634765625,\n              34.46127728843705\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.47753906249999,\n              34.70549341022544\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.6533203125,\n              34.88593094075317\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.63134765625001,\n              35.0120020431607\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.02612304687499,\n              37.58811876638322\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.17993164062499,\n              37.23907530202184\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.27880859375001,\n              36.94111143010769\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.02612304687499,\n              36.4477991295848\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.037109375,\n              36.26199220445664\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.828369140625,\n              35.69299463209881\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.048095703125,\n              35.35321610123823\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.828125,\n              34.79576153473033\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Malcolm M.","contributorId":70363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Malcolm","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70227411,"text":"70227411 - 1971 - Erosion and sedimentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-13T21:00:32.937487","indexId":"70227411","displayToPublicDate":"1971-06-01T14:55:06","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7458,"text":"Eos Science News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Erosion and sedimentation","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Research activities in erosion and sedimentation processes have expanded broadly during the past several years and have kept pace with generally accelerated developments in all phases of hydrology and water resources investigations.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/EO052i006pIU292","usgsCitation":"Nordin, C.F., 1971, Erosion and sedimentation: Eos Science News, v. 52, no. 6, p. 292-295, https://doi.org/10.1029/EO052i006pIU292.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"292","endPage":"295","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394342,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nordin, Carl F. Jr.","contributorId":74751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordin","given":"Carl","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70227394,"text":"70227394 - 1971 - An aeromagnetic and aeroradioactivity survey of Liberia, West Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T20:48:42.633416","indexId":"70227394","displayToPublicDate":"1971-06-01T14:31:26","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An aeromagnetic and aeroradioactivity survey of Liberia, West Africa","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>A 140,000 km aeromagnetic and total-count gamma radiometric survey was made over Liberia in 1967-68 along north-south lines spaced 0.8 km over land and 4 km over the continental shelf. The data approximately delineate the boundary between the Liberian (ca. 2700 m.y.) age province in the northwestern two-thirds of the country, and the Pan-African (ca. 550 m.y.) age province in the coastal area of the northwestern two-thirds of the country, as well as a boundary marking the northwest extent of the isoclinally folded paragneisses and migmatites deformed within the Eburnean (ca. 2000 m.y.) age province in the southeast one-third. A zone of diabase dikes about 90 km inland can be traced, parallel to the coast from Sierra Leone to Ivory Coast on the basis of the magnetic data. Another zone of diabase dikes about 185 m.y. old is located along the coastal area and beneath the continental shelf parallel to the coast northwest of Greenville. Intrusion of these dikes probably coincides with the separation of Africa from North and South America. The magnetic data suggest basins of sedimentary rocks possibly 5 km thick on the continental shelf. The map indicates high-amplitude magnetic anomalies greater than 600 gammas; some reach amplitudes as great as 18,000 gammas over iron formation and about 1800 gammas over mafic and ultramafic intrusive bodies.</p><p>The radioactivity data have a background level less than 100 counts per second (cps) over mafic granulite-facies rocks and unmetamorphosed sedimentary rocks in the coastal area. Granitic rocks have the greatest variation. The central area of the country has the highest background radiation level with large areas above 250 cps; the level in the eastern one-third of the country is low. These data are proving quite useful in reconnaissance geologic mapping. All anomalies over 500 cps are shown; some reach amplitudes over 750 cps. Total-count radiation levels have a significant correlation with percent K<sub>2</sub>O in bedrock analyses, but anomalous amounts of Th and U must be present to account for the highest amplitude anomalies. A few specific anomalies have been correlated with concentrations of monazite and zircon in bedrock as well as in beach deposits.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1440194","usgsCitation":"Behrendt, J.C., and Wotorson, C.S., 1971, An aeromagnetic and aeroradioactivity survey of Liberia, West Africa: Geophysics, v. 36, no. 3, p. 590-604, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1440194.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"590","endPage":"604","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394274,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Liberia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -11.5081787109375,\n              6.920973741554155\n            ],\n            [\n              -11.40380859375,\n              6.800989567885457\n            ],\n            [\n              -11.40380859375,\n              6.730075707109153\n            ],\n            [\n              -11.0247802734375,\n              6.5391025879031535\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.832519531249998,\n              6.39718947487974\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.8489990234375,\n              6.32075833898686\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.755615234375,\n              6.244315907853541\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.39306640625,\n              6.096859818887948\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.2557373046875,\n              6.0476987312836785\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.2117919921875,\n              5.976680390439319\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.0799560546875,\n              5.8619390317028275\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.849243164062498,\n              5.665184914439158\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.635009765625,\n              5.446490692533117\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.51416015625,\n              5.364459662948655\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.2999267578125,\n              5.123772299948803\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.0692138671875,\n              4.965087599019953\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.931884765625,\n              4.943197029768433\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.72314453125,\n              4.789942967844043\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.459472656249998,\n              4.6695049047309665\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.2562255859375,\n              4.554521998417129\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.020019531249998,\n              4.5161902548267125\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.855224609374999,\n              4.461427111442065\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.8167724609375,\n              4.390228926463396\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.6629638671875,\n              4.351888621540644\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.536621093749999,\n              4.3464112753331925\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.536621093749999,\n              4.390228926463396\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.553100585937499,\n              4.6695049047309665\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.569580078124999,\n              4.811838534173914\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.580566406250001,\n              4.89941372427718\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.525634765624999,\n              4.937724274302492\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.536621093749999,\n              5.085472657670731\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.4871826171875,\n              5.118301062622347\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.448730468749999,\n              5.276947744869894\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.437744140625,\n              5.233187143028971\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.355346679687499,\n              5.331644153439766\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.388305664062499,\n              5.375397774474748\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.415771484374999,\n              5.430085376999325\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.349853515625,\n              5.605052121404785\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.4267578125,\n              5.725311447610156\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.4212646484375,\n              5.840080845546446\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.459716796875001,\n              5.883796361755717\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.4871826171875,\n              5.840080845546446\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.66845703125,\n              5.965753671065536\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.690429687499999,\n              5.922044619883305\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.80029296875,\n              5.971217057997224\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.778320312499999,\n              6.0476987312836785\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.80029296875,\n              6.10232188451477\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.84423828125,\n              6.096859818887948\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.811279296874999,\n              6.206090498573885\n            ],\n            [\n              -7.899169921874999,\n              6.304378764325824\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.0145263671875,\n              6.337137394988546\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.1573486328125,\n              6.298918791076363\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.3441162109375,\n              6.386271437817992\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.399047851562498,\n              6.36989394572583\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.399047851562498,\n              6.440859286647739\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.4539794921875,\n              6.49544126493054\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.470458984375,\n              6.468151012664214\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.59130859375,\n              6.517272401536648\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.3935546875,\n              6.71370949505121\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.3056640625,\n              6.850077654785543\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.3111572265625,\n              6.926426847059551\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.32763671875,\n              6.975501953620171\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.272705078125,\n              7.0027636819827475\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.3056640625,\n              7.084539283445068\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.294677734375,\n              7.171750602122852\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.3660888671875,\n              7.280741242677959\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.3935546875,\n              7.313433288513169\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.399047851562498,\n              7.476857400769439\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.519897460937498,\n              7.542209995927096\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.492431640625,\n              7.58577291559387\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.54736328125,\n              7.629331424712835\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.54736328125,\n              7.710991655433217\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.690185546875,\n              7.710991655433217\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.712158203125,\n              7.672885498557826\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.7396240234375,\n              7.580327791330129\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.72314453125,\n              7.525872769006524\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.8604736328125,\n              7.367914706747756\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.843994140625,\n              7.280741242677959\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.887939453125,\n              7.280741242677959\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.0252685546875,\n              7.258945220710147\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.0802001953125,\n              7.226249208399038\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.140625,\n              7.280741242677959\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.20654296875,\n              7.340674831854912\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.2120361328125,\n              7.395152907137248\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.283447265625,\n              7.395152907137248\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.3328857421875,\n              7.438730529686968\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.404296875,\n              7.422389426970818\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.4757080078125,\n              7.378810188182938\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.426269531249998,\n              7.460517719883785\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.3603515625,\n              7.612997502224103\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.365844726562498,\n              7.651109017589451\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.3438720703125,\n              7.738208239129663\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.371337890625,\n              7.819847426192575\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.404296875,\n              7.819847426192575\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.4482421875,\n              7.955877163205325\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.4097900390625,\n              8.021155456563914\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.404296875,\n              8.070107304439103\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.4482421875,\n              8.064668502396389\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.4647216796875,\n              8.178867909130346\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.51416015625,\n              8.184305163861643\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.4976806640625,\n              8.265855052877221\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.525146484375,\n              8.331082833500314\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.4757080078125,\n              8.35282301503959\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.591064453125,\n              8.418036280774361\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.6624755859375,\n              8.418036280774361\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.6405029296875,\n              8.494104537551882\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.73388671875,\n              8.466939027264113\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.7723388671875,\n              8.570157714682582\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.876708984375,\n              8.477805461808199\n            ],\n            [\n              -9.920654296875,\n              8.510402920862324\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.0634765625,\n              8.445205238179888\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.052490234375,\n              8.510402920862324\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.1568603515625,\n              8.532133019262726\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.2227783203125,\n              8.499537408989404\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.2777099609375,\n              8.499537408989404\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.3216552734375,\n              8.28216301279551\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.2996826171875,\n              8.216927132177412\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.360107421875,\n              8.162555700160631\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.4205322265625,\n              8.167993177231883\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.530395507812498,\n              8.140805052181381\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.5853271484375,\n              8.053790678898539\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.61279296875,\n              8.048351657539454\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.6292724609375,\n              7.76542306617221\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.711669921874998,\n              7.76542306617221\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.832519531249998,\n              7.591217970942776\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.9149169921875,\n              7.498642690451352\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.9478759765625,\n              7.53131857976111\n            ],\n            [\n              -11.0467529296875,\n              7.438730529686968\n            ],\n            [\n              -11.162109375,\n              7.373362480979634\n            ],\n            [\n              -11.2005615234375,\n              7.25349605006954\n            ],\n            [\n              -11.2664794921875,\n              7.242597510949338\n            ],\n            [\n              -11.315917968749998,\n              7.220799642710931\n            ],\n            [\n              -11.3653564453125,\n              7.144498849647335\n            ],\n            [\n              -11.3543701171875,\n              7.079088026071719\n            ],\n            [\n              -11.44775390625,\n              6.986406835762544\n            ],\n            [\n              -11.436767578124998,\n              6.953691427897033\n            ],\n            [\n              -11.5081787109375,\n              6.920973741554155\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Behrendt, John C. jbehrendt@usgs.gov","contributorId":25945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behrendt","given":"John","email":"jbehrendt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":213,"text":"Crustal Imaging and Characterization Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":830733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wotorson, Cletus S.","contributorId":106854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wotorson","given":"Cletus","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227439,"text":"70227439 - 1971 - Age of emplacement of Riley County, Kansas, kimberlites and a possible minimum age for the Dakota Sandstone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-14T18:57:31.504806","indexId":"70227439","displayToPublicDate":"1971-06-01T12:51:20","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age of emplacement of Riley County, Kansas, kimberlites and a possible minimum age for the Dakota Sandstone","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>Field evidence suggests that the kimberlites of Riley County, Kansas, were emplaced into Lower Permian rocks in post-Dakota Sandstone time. The Dakota Sandstone in Kansas is thought to be earliest Late Cretaceous in age; thus the maximum age of emplacement of the kimberlites is approximately 100 ± 20 m.y. K-Ar dates on chloritized biotite and phlogopites from the kimberlites range from 112 ± 6 m.y. to 380 ± 40 m.y.; the dates earlier than 100 m.y. (6 of 7 samples) are attributed to either the xenocrystalline nature of the chlorites and/or excess Ar and low temperature of intrusion. Fission track dates from two apatites from granite xenoliths are 115 ± 12 m.y. and 123 ± 12 m.y.; these dates reflect cooling at about 120 m.y. ago, which may place a maximum age of emplacement on the kimberlites.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[1723:AOEORC]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Brookins, D.G., and Naeser, C.W., 1971, Age of emplacement of Riley County, Kansas, kimberlites and a possible minimum age for the Dakota Sandstone: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 6, p. 1723-1725, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[1723:AOEORC]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1723","endPage":"1725","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394408,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","county":"Riley County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":966,\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Riley\",\"state\":\"KS\"},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-96.8062,39.5669],[-96.5842,39.5664],[-96.5806,39.5663],[-96.5837,39.5605],[-96.5898,39.5565],[-96.5924,39.5502],[-96.5967,39.5425],[-96.6028,39.5399],[-96.6082,39.5368],[-96.6137,39.5346],[-96.6184,39.5365],[-96.6256,39.5335],[-96.6287,39.5313],[-96.6347,39.5277],[-96.6372,39.5246],[-96.6355,39.5223],[-96.6355,39.5196],[-96.6362,39.5155],[-96.6369,39.511],[-96.6388,39.5087],[-96.6411,39.5101],[-96.644,39.5129],[-96.6458,39.5129],[-96.6453,39.5088],[-96.6461,39.5029],[-96.649,39.5043],[-96.655,39.504],[-96.6587,39.5],[-96.6643,39.4896],[-96.6657,39.4828],[-96.6683,39.4756],[-96.6725,39.4725],[-96.676,39.4739],[-96.6783,39.4771],[-96.6813,39.4794],[-96.6842,39.4804],[-96.6897,39.4755],[-96.6922,39.4696],[-96.6906,39.4637],[-96.6931,39.4606],[-96.699,39.4602],[-96.702,39.4607],[-96.7116,39.459],[-96.7177,39.4537],[-96.7202,39.4482],[-96.7227,39.4415],[-96.7211,39.4365],[-96.72,39.4324],[-96.7224,39.4306],[-96.723,39.4306],[-96.7254,39.4297],[-96.7284,39.4275],[-96.7279,39.4243],[-96.7267,39.4239],[-96.7238,39.422],[-96.721,39.4152],[-96.7236,39.408],[-96.7272,39.4066],[-96.7226,39.3998],[-96.7128,39.3869],[-96.7022,39.3791],[-96.6905,39.3739],[-96.6864,39.368],[-96.6835,39.3657],[-96.6774,39.3479],[-96.6677,39.3342],[-96.6613,39.3254],[-96.6521,39.3131],[-96.6335,39.2978],[-96.6366,39.2943],[-96.6302,39.2869],[-96.625,39.2805],[-96.6175,39.2731],[-96.6116,39.2694],[-96.6005,39.2647],[-96.5964,39.2619],[-96.5882,39.2563],[-96.5849,39.2477],[-96.5777,39.2503],[-96.5806,39.2521],[-96.5817,39.2562],[-96.5769,39.2553],[-96.5724,39.2457],[-96.5713,39.2443],[-96.5879,39.2454],[-96.584,39.235],[-96.5649,39.2406],[-96.5568,39.2291],[-96.5557,39.2291],[-96.5539,39.2263],[-96.5523,39.2222],[-96.5494,39.2172],[-96.5477,39.2149],[-96.5436,39.213],[-96.5395,39.2103],[-96.5323,39.2133],[-96.5241,39.2082],[-96.5195,39.2027],[-96.522,39.1995],[-96.5304,39.1951],[-96.537,39.1952],[-96.5484,39.1909],[-96.549,39.19],[-96.5485,39.1864],[-96.5486,39.1827],[-96.5486,39.1818],[-96.5457,39.1813],[-96.5427,39.1813],[-96.5349,39.183],[-96.5229,39.1873],[-96.5152,39.189],[-96.5165,39.1831],[-96.5185,39.1764],[-96.515,39.174],[-96.5127,39.1708],[-96.5087,39.1671],[-96.5051,39.1657],[-96.5039,39.1657],[-96.4998,39.1661],[-96.4961,39.1692],[-96.4911,39.1777],[-96.4822,39.1794],[-96.48,39.173],[-96.4795,39.1694],[-96.4766,39.1648],[-96.4713,39.1647],[-96.4623,39.1673],[-96.4581,39.169],[-96.4611,39.1709],[-96.4628,39.1736],[-96.465,39.1782],[-96.4642,39.1841],[-96.4629,39.1913],[-96.4504,39.1893],[-96.4398,39.1878],[-96.4327,39.1863],[-96.4215,39.1843],[-96.4038,39.179],[-96.3951,39.1734],[-96.3898,39.172],[-96.3917,39.0437],[-96.5044,39.0424],[-96.5018,39.0705],[-96.7063,39.0722],[-96.7064,39.0926],[-96.7129,39.0905],[-96.7177,39.0905],[-96.7231,39.0888],[-96.7249,39.0865],[-96.7261,39.0852],[-96.7338,39.0835],[-96.7417,39.0791],[-96.7486,39.0864],[-96.8518,39.0865],[-96.851,39.1196],[-96.8507,39.1327],[-96.8499,39.2188],[-96.898,39.2195],[-96.9135,39.2197],[-96.9242,39.2198],[-96.9622,39.2203],[-96.9609,39.3082],[-96.9638,39.5667],[-96.8062,39.5669]]]}}]}","volume":"82","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brookins, Douglas G.","contributorId":87144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brookins","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Naeser, Charles W.","contributorId":76281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227162,"text":"70227162 - 1971 - Structure and petrology of the alpine-type peridotite at Burro Mountain, California, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-31T15:48:46.538897","indexId":"70227162","displayToPublicDate":"1971-06-01T09:43:33","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structure and petrology of the alpine-type peridotite at Burro Mountain, California, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p class=\"chapter-para\">The alpine-type peridotite at Burro Mountain is a partially serpentinized harzburgite-dunite body approximately 2 km in diameter. It lies in a chaotic<span>&nbsp;</span><i>mélange</i><span>&nbsp;</span>derived from the Franciscan Formation (Upper Jurassic to Upper Cretaceous) of the southern Coast Ranges of California. The peridotite is bounded on the east by a vertical fault in the Nacimiento fault zone that brings sedimentary rocks of Taliaferro's (1943<i>b</i>) Asuncion Group (Upper Cretaceous) into contact with the peridotite. The peridotite appears to be one of a number of tectonic lenses, having a wide range in size, that make up the<span>&nbsp;</span><i>mélange</i>. These lenses include metagraywacke, metachert, greenstone, amphibolite, and blueschist, as well as ultramafic rocks, and represent a wide range of pressure-temperature environments.</p><p class=\"chapter-para\">The outer shell of the peridotite is a sheared serpentinite zone 10–15 m thick. The peridotite was tectonically emplaced at its present level as a cold solid mass and had little effect on the mineral assemblages of the Franciscan Formation. Local development of lawsonite and aragonite in shear zones may be related to the peridotite emplacement.</p><p class=\"chapter-para\">Foliated harzburgite forms approximately 60 per cent of the peridotite. It is a lithologically uniform rock that has an olivine: orthopyroxene ratio of approximately 75:25. Accessory clinopyroxene and chromian spinel generally make up less than 5 per cent of the harzburgite. Dunite, composed of olivine, accessory chromian spinel (&lt; 5 per cent), and trace amounts of pyroxene, makes up approximately 40 per cent of the peridotite and occurs as dikes, sills, and irregular bodies in the harzburgite.</p><p class=\"chapter-para\">Olivine and pyroxene show small but significant compositional variations and chromian spinel shows a large range in the cation ratio Cr/(Cr+Al+ Fe<sup>3+</sup>). The compositional variations in these minerals are related to original differences in bulk chemical composition. The following compositional ranges were determined for minerals in the harzburgite: olivine, Fo<sub>91.1</sub>−Fo<sub>91.4</sub>; orthopyroxene, En<sub>89.8</sub>−En<sub>91.1</sub>; clinopyroxene, Ca<sub>47.0</sub>Mg<sub>50.0</sub>Fe<sub>3.0</sub>−Ca<sub>48.7</sub>Mg<sub>48.2</sub>Fe<sub>3.1</sub>; chromian spinel, Cr/(Cr+Al+Fe<sup>3+</sup>) 0.37−0.55. The pyroxenes have a range in A1<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>content of 1.3−3.0 wt per cent. Olivine from dunite ranges from Fo<sub>91</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>to Fo<sub>92 7</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and the chromian spinel has a range in the Cr/(Cr+Al+Fe<sup>3+</sup>) ratio of 0.30−0.75. Although all the dunites are lithologically similar, three distinct types are recognized on the basis of composition of coexisting olivine and chromian spinel. Structural relations between the three types of dunite suggest three periods of emplacement (possibly overlapping) of dunite into harzburgite. The evidence indicates that the dunite, and probably also the harzburgite crystallized from an ultramafic magma, probably in the upper mantle.</p><p class=\"chapter-para\">After the magmatic episode and crystallization, the peridotite was subjected to a deep-seated plastic deformation and recrystallization. The first phase of the deformation produced a pervasive, planar structural element (S<sub>1</sub>) that crosscuts many harzburgite-dunite contacts. It is probable that some of the dunite sills were emplaced during this deformation. The foliation, S<sub>1</sub>, is defined by layers of different orthopyroxene content in harzburgite, and by discontinuous layers of chromian spinel in dunite. Flow or slip along S<sub>1</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>produced slip folds in harzburgite—dunite contacts with axial planes parallel to S<sub>1</sub>. At a later stage, isoclinal folds developed in S<sub>1</sub>, and the present olivine microfabric was probably formed by recrystallization in the stress field that produced the isoclinal folding. In the olivine microfabric,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>X</i><span>&nbsp;</span>tends to be perpendicular to the axial planes (S<sub>2</sub>) of the isoclinal folds and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Y</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Z</i><span>&nbsp;</span>tend to form double maxima in S<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>approximately 90° apart. Mg−Fe<sup>2+</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>distribution between coexisting mineral pairs yields a calculated temperature of formation of approximately 1200 °C. Although this temperature is only a nominal value, it indicates that the mineral pairs equilibrated at a significantly high temperature. In view of the deformation and recrystallization, the calculated temperature possibly represents subsolidus re-equilibration of the minerals during this event. The deformation and recrystallization probably occurred shortly after crystallization while the peridotite was still at a high temperature.</p><p class=\"chapter-para\">A later deep-seated deformation produced small scattered kink folds in S<sub>1</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>that tend to disrupt the major olivine microfabric. The kink folding was accompanied or followed by the development of kink bands in olivine that reflect intragranular gliding on the system<span>&nbsp;</span><i>T</i><span>&nbsp;</span>= [<i>Okl</i>],<span>&nbsp;</span><i>t</i><span>&nbsp;</span>= [100]. The kink bands probably formed at a minimum temperature of 1000 °C.</p><p class=\"chapter-para\">Following the deep-seated deformation, which probably took place in the mantle, the peridotite mass was tectonically detached and moved upward to its present level in the crust. Cleavages, joints, and faults provided channels for water to pervade the peridotite and allow alteration of the primary minerals.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/petrology/12.2.245","usgsCitation":"Loney, R.A., Himmelberg, G.R., and Coleman, R.G., 1971, Structure and petrology of the alpine-type peridotite at Burro Mountain, California, U.S.A.: Economic Geology, v. 12, no. 2, p. 245-309, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/12.2.245.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"309","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393721,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Burro Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.27309799194335,\n              35.855178783203776\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.26039505004883,\n              35.86387402899189\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.25739097595213,\n              35.86554340703446\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.25335693359374,\n              35.863178444429494\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.24717712402344,\n              35.86463916495963\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.24168395996095,\n              35.86672586187277\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.25730514526366,\n              35.87222056756162\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.26640319824219,\n              35.87708897573244\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.2776470184326,\n              35.87966215633466\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.28597259521484,\n              35.8764630542986\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.28906250000001,\n              35.87333337294745\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.28957748413085,\n              35.86554340703446\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.28442764282228,\n              35.859561306299426\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.27309799194335,\n              35.855178783203776\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loney, R. A.","contributorId":90757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loney","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Himmelberg, G. R.","contributorId":27106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Himmelberg","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coleman, R. G.","contributorId":75170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70227161,"text":"70227161 - 1971 - A chemical study of serpentinization — Burro Mountain, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-31T15:39:51.534407","indexId":"70227161","displayToPublicDate":"1971-06-01T09:30:10","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A chemical study of serpentinization — Burro Mountain, California","docAbstract":"<p class=\"chapter-para\">Serpentinized dunites and harzburgites from the Burro Mountain peridotite show no change in the ratio of iron and magnesia to silica when compared with the same ratio for the unserpentinized equivalents. The mineral assemblage resulting from serpentinization consists of lizardite-chrysotile, brucite, and magnetite and is determined by the original bulk composition of the peridotite. The chemical and mineralogical data indicate that serpentinization proceeded under isochemical conditions except for the introduction of water into the peridotite. Expansion accompanies serpentinization because the serpentine products occupy a greater volume than the peridotite protolith. Tectonic emplacement of the Burro Mountain peridotite was facilitated by serpentinization and the attendant expansion.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/petrology/12.2.311","usgsCitation":"Coleman, R.G., and Keith, T., 1971, A chemical study of serpentinization — Burro Mountain, California: Journal of Petrology, v. 12, no. 2, p. 311-328, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/12.2.311.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"311","endPage":"328","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393720,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Burro Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.27309799194335,\n              35.855178783203776\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.26039505004883,\n              35.86387402899189\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.25739097595213,\n              35.86554340703446\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.25335693359374,\n              35.863178444429494\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.24717712402344,\n              35.86463916495963\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.24168395996095,\n              35.86672586187277\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.25730514526366,\n              35.87222056756162\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.26640319824219,\n              35.87708897573244\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.2776470184326,\n              35.87966215633466\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.28597259521484,\n              35.8764630542986\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.28906250000001,\n              35.87333337294745\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.28957748413085,\n              35.86554340703446\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.28442764282228,\n              35.859561306299426\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.27309799194335,\n              35.855178783203776\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coleman, R. G.","contributorId":75170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keith, T. E.","contributorId":33693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"T. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70171175,"text":"70171175 - 1971 - Rapid separation of polychlorinated biphenyls from DDT and its analogues on silica gel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T11:43:59","indexId":"70171175","displayToPublicDate":"1971-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid separation of polychlorinated biphenyls from DDT and its analogues on silica gel","docAbstract":"<p>Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's), which are used in industry worldwide (i), have been found as residues in numerous wildlife species (2-7). Because of the similarity in chemical characteristics, PCB compounds interfere with gas liquid chromatographic (GLC) analysis of certain chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides (8). In the present study, we sought a rapid microanalytical procedure for separation of PCB's from DDT and its analogues before analysis with GLC. A small silica gel column was found to be suitable for removing two of the Aroclor series of PCB's (1254 and 1260) from DDT and its analogues.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01684357","usgsCitation":"Snyder, D., and Reinert, R.E., 1971, Rapid separation of polychlorinated biphenyls from DDT and its analogues on silica gel: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 6, no. 5, p. 385-390, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01684357.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"385","endPage":"390","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321617,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5746ccc0e4b07e28b662dd11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, Diane","contributorId":60388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Diane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reinert, Robert E.","contributorId":101214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinert","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227389,"text":"70227389 - 1971 - Mechanisms controlling world water chemistry: Evaporation-crystallization process","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-12T19:21:38.320172","indexId":"70227389","displayToPublicDate":"1971-05-21T13:17:51","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mechanisms controlling world water chemistry: Evaporation-crystallization process","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.172.3985.870","usgsCitation":"Feth, J.H., 1971, Mechanisms controlling world water chemistry: Evaporation-crystallization process: Science, v. 172, no. 3985, p. 870-871, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.172.3985.870.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"870","endPage":"871","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394256,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"172","issue":"3985","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feth, J. H.","contributorId":50495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feth","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70210063,"text":"70210063 - 1971 - Origin and emplacement of the ultramafic rocks of the Emigrant Gap area, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-13T13:18:17.533227","indexId":"70210063","displayToPublicDate":"1971-05-12T15:34:30","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin and emplacement of the ultramafic rocks of the Emigrant Gap area, California","docAbstract":"<p class=\"chapter-para\">The ultramafic bodies of the Emigrant Gap area are part of a mafic complex within a large composite pluton of the northern Sierra Nevada. The pluton was magmatically emplaced and is surrounded by an aureole of hornblende-hornfels facies rocks. Inclusions of country rock in ultramafic rock are of pyroxene-hornfels facies and appear to have been partly melted. Gravity studies indicate that the ultramafic bodies have near-vertical contacts extending to depths of at least 1½ to 2½ km.</p><p class=\"chapter-para\">The mafic complex shows rough concentric zoning of rock types: ultramafic bodies occur at the core; gabbro forms a discontinuous intermediate unit; and diorite, tonalite, and granodiorite occur at the margins. Within the ultramafic bodies, unserpentinized wehrlitic peridotite is dominant; dunite and olivine clinopyroxenite are present but greatly subordinate. The ultramafic rocks consist almost entirely of olivine (FO<sub>80</sub>) and diopside (Ca<sub>46</sub>Mg<sub>46</sub>Fe<sub>8</sub>); orthopyroxene, hornbolende, and plagioclase occur locally. The gabbro, diorite, tonalite, and granodiorite contain both ortho- and clinopyroxene.</p><p class=\"chapter-para\">Both ultramafic and two-pyroxene-bearing rocks were emplaced nearly simultaneously, as partly crystallized magmas and magmatic crystal mushes that had similar temperature. In all the rocks the structures are dominantly magmatic and were produced by sorting and orientation of crystals by magmatic flow. Structures produced by post-consolidation deformation and replacement are minor and local.</p><p class=\"chapter-para\">The structural and chemical relations within the mafic complex suggest that all the rocks are derived from a single gabbroic magma by crystal fractionation, with the ultramafic rocks formed by mechanical accumulation of early crystallized mafic minerals, and the two pyroxene-bearing granodiorite crystallized from a felsic differentiate. It is likely that flowage differentiation was the dominant process of crystal segregation.</p><p class=\"chapter-para\">The Emigrant Gap mafic complex is similar in structure, rock texture, and mineralogy to zoned ultramafic complexes, such as those of south-eastern Alaska, and is very different from either stratiform or alpine-type bodies. Though unlike the Alaskan bodies in detail, it appears that this complex should be classed with the zoned complexes in any broad grouping of ultramafic occurrences.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Press","doi":"10.1093/petrology/12.3.523","usgsCitation":"James, O., 1971, Origin and emplacement of the ultramafic rocks of the Emigrant Gap area, California: Journal of Petrology, v. 12, no. 3, p. 523-560, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/12.3.523.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"523","endPage":"560","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374708,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Emigrant Gap","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.75897216796876,\n              39.25618310939581\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.59967041015624,\n              39.25618310939581\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.59967041015624,\n              39.325268257858575\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.75897216796876,\n              39.325268257858575\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.75897216796876,\n              39.25618310939581\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"James, O.B.","contributorId":100526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"O.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70010317,"text":"70010317 - 1971 - Quadratic elongation: A quantitative measure of distortion in coordination polyhedra","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-28T18:27:20.227258","indexId":"70010317","displayToPublicDate":"1971-05-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quadratic elongation: A quantitative measure of distortion in coordination polyhedra","docAbstract":"Quadratic elongation and the variance of bond angles are linearly correlated for distorted octahedral and tetrahedral coordination complexes, both of which show variations in bond length and bond angle. The quadratic elonga tion is dimensionless, giving a quantitative measure of polyhedral distortion which is independent of the effective size of the polyhedron.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.172.3983.567","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Robinson, K., Gibbs, G., and Ribbe, P., 1971, Quadratic elongation: A quantitative measure of distortion in coordination polyhedra: Science, v. 172, no. 3983, p. 567-570, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.172.3983.567.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"567","endPage":"570","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219681,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"172","issue":"3983","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9074e4b0c8380cd7fd52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Kelly F.","contributorId":44911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"Kelly F.","affiliations":[{"id":6596,"text":"Quantitative Fisheries Center, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":358626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gibbs, G.V.","contributorId":37059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbs","given":"G.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ribbe, P.H.","contributorId":42703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribbe","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70227410,"text":"70227410 - 1971 - Magnetic anomalies over the continents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-13T20:53:04.046345","indexId":"70227410","displayToPublicDate":"1971-05-01T14:48:05","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7458,"text":"Eos Science News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magnetic anomalies over the continents","docAbstract":"<p>By far most of the magnetic coverage over continents has been made via aircraft. The obvious advantages of the airborne method over ground measurements are the speed and economy of the survey, the coverage of areas that are inaccessible on the ground, and the nature of the data, which are displayed continuously rather than as discrete points along a profile.</p><p>Much aeromagnetic work both in the United States and abroad has been conducted by private companies exploring for ore and petroleum. Unfortunately almost none of the data have been published, nor have they been made available to the public.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/EO052i005pIU204","usgsCitation":"Zietz, I., 1971, Magnetic anomalies over the continents: Eos Science News, v. 52, no. 5, p. 204-209, https://doi.org/10.1029/EO052i005pIU204.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"204","endPage":"209","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394339,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Earth","volume":"52","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zietz, Isidore","contributorId":76708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zietz","given":"Isidore","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70227437,"text":"70227437 - 1971 - Water levels in carbonate rock terranes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-14T18:41:31.740883","indexId":"70227437","displayToPublicDate":"1971-05-01T12:37:36","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water levels in carbonate rock terranes","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Many subtle aspects of water levels in carbonate rocks need to be put in perspective even though hydrologists have recognized the fundamental value of characteristics of ground-water levels. The depth to the water table in carbonate rocks is controlled by local factors such as permeability and topography and by the regional factor of climate; both permeability and topography are dynamically developed according to the degree of preferential circulation of subsurface water and of solution of the rock, and the water table responds by lying deep beneath hilly permeable karstlands and shallow beneath flat and poorly permeable carbonate rocks. The uneven distribution of permeability and of topographic conditions is responsible for the intriguing karst phenomena of disappearing and reappearing surface streams. Great infiltration capacities of some karst regions result in large local fluctuations of the water table and in some cases to local reversals in direction of ground-water flow between wet and dry seasons. Water-level behavior in space and time is a primary consideration for interpreting the hydrology of carbonate terranes.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1971.tb03544.x","usgsCitation":"LeGrand, H.E., and Stringfield, V.T., 1971, Water levels in carbonate rock terranes: Groundwater, v. 9, no. 3, p. 4-10, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1971.tb03544.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"10","costCenters":[{"id":629,"text":"Water Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394406,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LeGrand, H. E.","contributorId":54571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeGrand","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stringfield, V. T.","contributorId":72369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stringfield","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227165,"text":"70227165 - 1971 - Ore fluids in the porphyry copper deposit at Copper Canyon, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-31T16:36:01.805167","indexId":"70227165","displayToPublicDate":"1971-05-01T10:16:13","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ore fluids in the porphyry copper deposit at Copper Canyon, Nevada","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>The large, low-grade copper and gold deposit at Copper Canyon, Lander County, Nevada, formed in the contact metasomatic environment adjacent to a shallow Tertiary intrusion. Vein and disseminated chalcopyrite-pyrite-pyrrhotite-arsenopyrite mineralization, with lesser amounts of gold, galena, sphalerite, marcasite, and siderite occur in the Upper Cambrian Harmony and Middle Pennsylvanian Battle Formations. Studies of fluid inclusions in stages of vein quartz and in healed fractures through quartz phenocrysts and pebbles reveal the presence of very saline, sometimes CO<span>&nbsp;</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>-rich fluids in the early and middle stages of mineralization. Ore fluid salinities during the base metal mineralization were approximately 40 wt percent, and temperatures were near 375 degrees C. Circulation of this hot brine was apparently restricted to an elongate highly fractured zone within 3,000 feet laterally of the intrusive. Later fluids in this central zone were somewhat cooler, near 300 degrees C, and had significantly lower salinities in the range 12 to 1.2 wt percent. Smaller lode deposits approximately 1 to 5 miles from the intrusion appear to have formed from low to moderate salinity fluids at temperatures generally in the range 250 to 335 degrees C. Geologic and fluid considerations suggest formation at approximately 6,000 feet in depth.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.66.3.385","usgsCitation":"Nash, J.T., and Theodore, T., 1971, Ore fluids in the porphyry copper deposit at Copper Canyon, Nevada: Economic Geology, v. 66, no. 3, p. 385-399, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.66.3.385.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"385","endPage":"399","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393724,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Lander County","otherGeospatial":"Copper Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.60040283203125,\n              39.882342585755744\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.10052490234375,\n              39.882342585755744\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.10052490234375,\n              40.60978237983301\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.60040283203125,\n              40.60978237983301\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.60040283203125,\n              39.882342585755744\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1971-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nash, J. Thomas","contributorId":26306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nash","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Theodore, Ted G.","contributorId":57840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theodore","given":"Ted G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227164,"text":"70227164 - 1971 - A Holocene ore body of copper oxides and carbonates at Ray, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-31T16:13:45.258682","indexId":"70227164","displayToPublicDate":"1971-05-01T10:00:16","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Holocene ore body of copper oxides and carbonates at Ray, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.66.3.495","usgsCitation":"Phillips, C.H., Cornwall, H.R., and Rubin, M., 1971, A Holocene ore body of copper oxides and carbonates at Ray, Arizona: Economic Geology, v. 66, no. 3, p. 495-498, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.66.3.495.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"495","endPage":"498","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393723,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","city":"Ray","otherGeospatial":"Mineral Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.9897232055664,\n              33.16097808844379\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.98023891448975,\n              33.16097808844379\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.98023891448975,\n              33.170102823806964\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.9897232055664,\n              33.170102823806964\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.9897232055664,\n              33.16097808844379\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1971-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phillips, C. H.","contributorId":37414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cornwall, H. R.","contributorId":92333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornwall","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rubin, Meyer","contributorId":107283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"Meyer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70227332,"text":"70227332 - 1971 - Man-made earthquakes and earthquake prediction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T15:17:40.350861","indexId":"70227332","displayToPublicDate":"1971-05-01T09:10:47","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7458,"text":"Eos Science News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Man-made earthquakes and earthquake prediction","docAbstract":"<p>Convincing evidence that man can trigger earthquakes has been developed since the 1963–1967 report. The fact that man can start earthquakes has increased our understanding of earthquake mechanisms and reinforced our judgment that we are approaching the possibility of earthquake prediction.</p><p>Traditionally, seismologists have avoided the subject of earthquake prediction because of its distasteful association with people who claim to be able to predict earthquakes by mystical nonscientific methods. Research on prediction has been intensified since the reports of the Panel on Earthquake Prediction [<i>Press</i>, 1965] and the Interagency Working Group for Earthquake Research [<i>Pecora</i>, 1968],. however, and it is appropriate to assess our progress toward that goal.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Pakiser et al</i>. [1969] and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Oliver</i><span>&nbsp;</span>[1970] have also summarized recent U.S. progress toward earthquake prediction.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/EO052i005pIU171","usgsCitation":"Healy, J.H., and Pakiser, L.C., 1971, Man-made earthquakes and earthquake prediction: Eos Science News, v. 52, no. 5, p. 171-174, https://doi.org/10.1029/EO052i005pIU171.","productDescription":"IUGG, 4 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"174","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394103,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Healy, J. H.","contributorId":48968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pakiser, L. C.","contributorId":83512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pakiser","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70236456,"text":"70236456 - 1971 - Mapping from space","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-07T13:57:25.101143","indexId":"70236456","displayToPublicDate":"1971-05-01T08:32:27","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":12574,"text":"Journal of the Surveying and Mapping Division","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping from space","docAbstract":"<p><span>Remote sensing of the earth promises to become an operational tool of the engineer and the scientist within the next few years. There are no real technical limits on the uses of data from space sensors. However, it is not practical to fly special missions, particularly in space, for each specific use. General-purpose, earth-sensing missions aimed at meeting a wide variety of requirements must be defined. Engineers must help define earth-sensing missions, based on the concepts of repetitive coverage, multispectral response, and spatial correlation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/JSUEAX.0000357","usgsCitation":"Colvocoresses, A.P., 1971, Mapping from space: Journal of the Surveying and Mapping Division, v. 97, no. 1, p. 125-132, https://doi.org/10.1061/JSUEAX.0000357.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"132","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406302,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colvocoresses, Alden P.","contributorId":72779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colvocoresses","given":"Alden","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":851081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70209761,"text":"70209761 - 1971 - Primary and secondary sulfates at Goldfield, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-24T16:25:31.773439","indexId":"70209761","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-24T11:06:39","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Primary and secondary sulfates at Goldfield, Nevada","docAbstract":"<p><span>High S-34 values for primary alunites (formed during hydrothermal phase) replacing plagioclase and groundmass of altered volcanic rocks, secondary alunite veins (formed during supergene alteration) with S-34 values near zero permil</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.66.4.618","usgsCitation":"Jensen, M., Ashley, R.P., and Albers, J.P., 1971, Primary and secondary sulfates at Goldfield, Nevada: Economic Geology, v. 66, no. 4, p. 618-626, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.66.4.618.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"618","endPage":"626","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":374256,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Goldfield","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.43286132812499,\n              38.112949789189614\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.62536621093749,\n              38.112949789189614\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.62536621093749,\n              38.805470223177466\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.43286132812499,\n              38.805470223177466\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.43286132812499,\n              38.112949789189614\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1971-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jensen, M.L.","contributorId":224358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ashley, Roger P. ashley@usgs.gov","contributorId":2749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashley","given":"Roger","email":"ashley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":787912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Albers, J. P.","contributorId":81505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albers","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70010346,"text":"70010346 - 1971 - Eocene volcanism and the origin of horizon A","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-28T18:35:06.455742","indexId":"70010346","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eocene volcanism and the origin of horizon A","docAbstract":"A series of closely time-equivalent deposits that correlate with seismic reflector horizon A exists along the coast of eastern North America. These sediments of Late-Early to Early-Middle Eocene age contain an authigenic mineral suite indicative of the alteration of volcanic glass. A volcanic origin for these siliceous deposits onshore is consistent with a volcanic origin for the cherts of horizon A offshore.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.172.3979.152","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Gibson, T., and Towe, K., 1971, Eocene volcanism and the origin of horizon A: Science, v. 172, no. 3979, p. 152-154, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.172.3979.152.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"152","endPage":"154","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219227,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"172","issue":"3979","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a09fde4b0c8380cd5213d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gibson, T. G.","contributorId":103702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibson","given":"T. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Towe, K.M.","contributorId":35870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Towe","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5220793,"text":"5220793 - 1971 - A new stratification of mourning dove call-count routes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-21T16:48:51.260831","indexId":"5220793","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new stratification of mourning dove call-count routes","docAbstract":"<p>The mourning dove (<i>Zenaidura macroura</i>) call-count survey is a nationwide audio-census of breeding mourning doves. Recent analyses of the call-count routes have utilized a stratification based upon physiographic regions of the United States. An analysis of 5 years of call-count data, based upon stratification using potential natural vegetation, has demonstrated that this uew stratification results in strata with greater homogeneity than the physiographic strata, provides lower error variance, and hence generates greatet precision in the analysis without an increase in call-count routes. Error variance was reduced approximately 30 percent for the contiguous United States. This indicates that future analysis based upon the new stratification will result in an increased ability to detect significant year-to-year changes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3799607","usgsCitation":"Blankenship, L.H., Humphrey, A., and MacDonald, D., 1971, A new stratification of mourning dove call-count routes: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 35, no. 2, p. 319-326, https://doi.org/10.2307/3799607.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"319","endPage":"326","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193992,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"conterminous United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              [\n                -94.81758,\n                49.38905\n              ],\n              [\n                -94.64,\n                48.84\n              ],\n              [\n                -94.32914,\n                48.67074\n              ],\n              [\n                -93.63087,\n                48.60926\n              ],\n              [\n                -92.61,\n                48.45\n              ],\n              [\n                -91.64,\n                48.14\n              ],\n              [\n                -90.83,\n                48.27\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.6,\n                48.01\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.27292,\n                48.01981\n              ],\n              [\n                -88.37811,\n                48.30292\n              ],\n              [\n                -87.43979,\n                47.94\n              ],\n              [\n                -86.46199,\n                47.55334\n              ],\n              [\n                -85.65236,\n                47.22022\n              ],\n              [\n                -84.87608,\n                46.90008\n              ],\n              [\n                -84.77924,\n                46.6371\n              ],\n              [\n                -84.54375,\n                46.53868\n              ],\n              [\n                -84.6049,\n                46.4396\n              ],\n              [\n                -84.3367,\n                46.40877\n              ],\n              [\n                -84.14212,\n                46.51223\n              ],\n              [\n                -84.09185,\n                46.27542\n              ],\n              [\n                -83.89077,\n                46.11693\n              ],\n              [\n                -83.61613,\n                46.11693\n              ],\n              [\n                -83.46955,\n                45.99469\n              ],\n              [\n                -83.59285,\n                45.81689\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.55092,\n                45.34752\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.33776,\n                44.44\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.13764,\n                43.57109\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.43,\n                42.98\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.9,\n                42.43\n              ],\n              [\n                -83.12,\n                42.08\n              ],\n              [\n                -83.142,\n                41.97568\n              ],\n              [\n                -83.02981,\n                41.8328\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.69009,\n                41.67511\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.43928,\n                41.67511\n              ],\n              [\n                -81.27775,\n                42.20903\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.24745,\n                42.3662\n              ],\n              [\n                -78.93936,\n                42.86361\n              ],\n              [\n                -78.92,\n                42.965\n              ],\n              [\n                -79.01,\n                43.27\n              ],\n              [\n                -79.17167,\n                43.46634\n              ],\n              [\n                -78.72028,\n                43.62509\n              ],\n              [\n                -77.73789,\n                43.62906\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.82003,\n                43.62878\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.5,\n                44.01846\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.375,\n                44.09631\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.31821,\n                44.81645\n              ],\n              [\n                -74.867,\n                45.00048\n              ],\n              [\n                -73.34783,\n                45.00738\n              ],\n              [\n                -71.50506,\n                45.0082\n              ],\n              [\n                -71.405,\n                45.255\n              ],\n              [\n                -71.08482,\n                45.30524\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.66,\n                45.46\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.305,\n                45.915\n              ],\n              [\n                -69.99997,\n                46.69307\n              ],\n              [\n                -69.23722,\n                47.44778\n              ],\n              [\n                -68.905,\n                47.185\n              ],\n              [\n                -68.23444,\n                47.35486\n              ],\n              [\n                -67.79046,\n                47.06636\n              ],\n              [\n                -67.79134,\n                45.70281\n              ],\n              [\n                -67.13741,\n                45.13753\n              ],\n              [\n                -66.96466,\n                44.8097\n              ],\n              [\n                -68.03252,\n                44.3252\n              ],\n              [\n                -69.06,\n                43.98\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.11617,\n                43.68405\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.64548,\n                43.09024\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.81489,\n                42.8653\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.825,\n                42.335\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.495,\n                41.805\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.08,\n                41.78\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.185,\n                42.145\n              ],\n              [\n                -69.88497,\n                41.92283\n              ],\n              [\n                -69.96503,\n                41.63717\n              ],\n              [\n                -70.64,\n                41.475\n              ],\n              [\n                -71.12039,\n                41.49445\n              ],\n              [\n                -71.86,\n                41.32\n              ],\n              [\n                -72.295,\n                41.27\n              ],\n              [\n                -72.87643,\n                41.22065\n              ],\n              [\n                -73.71,\n                40.9311\n              ],\n              [\n                -72.24126,\n                41.11948\n              ],\n              [\n                -71.945,\n                40.93\n              ],\n              [\n                -73.345,\n                40.63\n              ],\n              [\n                -73.982,\n                40.628\n              ],\n              [\n                -73.95232,\n                40.75075\n              ],\n              [\n                -74.25671,\n                40.47351\n              ],\n              [\n                -73.96244,\n                40.42763\n              ],\n              [\n                -74.17838,\n                39.70926\n              ],\n              [\n                -74.90604,\n                38.93954\n              ],\n              [\n                -74.98041,\n                39.1964\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.20002,\n                39.24845\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.52805,\n                39.4985\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.32,\n                38.96\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.07183,\n                38.78203\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.05673,\n                38.40412\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.37747,\n                38.01551\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.94023,\n                37.21689\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.03127,\n                37.2566\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.72205,\n                37.93705\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.23287,\n                38.31921\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.35,\n                39.15\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.54272,\n                38.71762\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.32933,\n                38.08326\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.99,\n                38.23999\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.30162,\n                37.91794\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.25874,\n                36.9664\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.9718,\n                36.89726\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.86804,\n                36.55125\n              ],\n              [\n                -75.72749,\n                35.55074\n              ],\n              [\n                -76.36318,\n                34.80854\n              ],\n              [\n                -77.39763,\n                34.51201\n              ],\n              [\n                -78.05496,\n                33.92547\n              ],\n              [\n                -78.55435,\n                33.86133\n              ],\n              [\n                -79.06067,\n                33.49395\n              ],\n              [\n                -79.20357,\n                33.15839\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.30132,\n                32.50935\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.86498,\n                32.0333\n              ],\n              [\n                -81.33629,\n                31.44049\n              ],\n              [\n                -81.49042,\n                30.72999\n              ],\n              [\n                -81.31371,\n                30.03552\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.98,\n                29.18\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.53558,\n                28.47213\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.53,\n                28.04\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.05654,\n                26.88\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.08801,\n                26.20576\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.13156,\n                25.81677\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.38103,\n                25.20616\n              ],\n              [\n                -80.68,\n                25.08\n              ],\n              [\n                -81.17213,\n                25.20126\n              ],\n              [\n                -81.33,\n                25.64\n              ],\n              [\n                -81.71,\n                25.87\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.24,\n                26.73\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.70515,\n                27.49504\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.85526,\n                27.88624\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.65,\n                28.55\n              ],\n              [\n                -82.93,\n                29.1\n              ],\n              [\n                -83.70959,\n                29.93656\n              ],\n              [\n                -84.1,\n                30.09\n              ],\n              [\n                -85.10882,\n                29.63615\n              ],\n              [\n                -85.28784,\n                29.68612\n              ],\n              [\n                -85.7731,\n                30.15261\n              ],\n              [\n                -86.4,\n                30.4\n              ],\n              [\n                -87.53036,\n                30.27433\n              ],\n              [\n                -88.41782,\n                30.3849\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.18049,\n                30.31598\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.59383,\n                30.15999\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.41373,\n                29.89419\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.43,\n                29.48864\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.21767,\n                29.29108\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.40823,\n                29.15961\n              ],\n              [\n                -89.77928,\n                29.30714\n              ],\n              [\n                -90.15463,\n                29.11743\n              ],\n              [\n                -90.88022,\n                29.14854\n              ],\n              [\n                -91.62678,\n                29.677\n              ],\n              [\n                -92.49906,\n                29.5523\n              ],\n              [\n                -93.22637,\n                29.78375\n              ],\n              [\n                -93.84842,\n                29.71363\n              ],\n              [\n                -94.69,\n                29.48\n              ],\n              [\n                -95.60026,\n                28.73863\n              ],\n              [\n                -96.59404,\n                28.30748\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.14,\n                27.83\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.37,\n                27.38\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.38,\n                26.69\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.33,\n                26.21\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.14,\n                25.87\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.53,\n                25.84\n              ],\n              [\n                -98.24,\n                26.06\n              ],\n              [\n                -99.02,\n                26.37\n              ],\n              [\n                -99.3,\n                26.84\n              ],\n              [\n                -99.52,\n                27.54\n              ],\n              [\n                -100.11,\n                28.11\n              ],\n              [\n                -100.45584,\n                28.69612\n              ],\n              [\n                -100.9576,\n                29.38071\n              ],\n              [\n                -101.6624,\n                29.7793\n              ],\n              [\n                -102.48,\n                29.76\n              ],\n              [\n                -103.11,\n                28.97\n              ],\n              [\n                -103.94,\n                29.27\n              ],\n              [\n                -104.45697,\n                29.57196\n              ],\n              [\n                -104.70575,\n                30.12173\n              ],\n              [\n                -105.03737,\n                30.64402\n              ],\n              [\n                -105.63159,\n                31.08383\n              ],\n              [\n                -106.1429,\n                31.39995\n              ],\n              [\n                -106.50759,\n                31.75452\n              ],\n              [\n                -108.24,\n                31.75485\n              ],\n              [\n                -108.24194,\n                31.34222\n              ],\n              [\n                -109.035,\n                31.34194\n              ],\n              [\n                -111.02361,\n                31.33472\n              ],\n              [\n                -113.30498,\n                32.03914\n              ],\n              [\n                -114.815,\n                32.52528\n              ],\n              [\n                -114.72139,\n                32.72083\n              ],\n              [\n                -115.99135,\n                32.61239\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.12776,\n                32.53534\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.29594,\n                33.04622\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.944,\n                33.62124\n              ],\n              [\n                -118.4106,\n                33.74091\n              ],\n              [\n                -118.51989,\n                34.02778\n              ],\n              [\n                -119.081,\n                34.078\n              ],\n              [\n                -119.43884,\n                34.34848\n              ],\n              [\n                -120.36778,\n                34.44711\n              ],\n              [\n                -120.62286,\n                34.60855\n              ],\n              [\n                -120.74433,\n                35.15686\n              ],\n              [\n                -121.71457,\n                36.16153\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.54747,\n                37.55176\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.51201,\n                37.78339\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.95319,\n                38.11371\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.7272,\n                38.95166\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.86517,\n                39.76699\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.39807,\n                40.3132\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.17886,\n                41.14202\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.2137,\n                41.99964\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.53284,\n                42.76599\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.14214,\n                43.70838\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.02053,\n                44.6159\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.89893,\n                45.52341\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.07963,\n                46.86475\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.39567,\n                47.72017\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.68721,\n                48.18443\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.5661,\n                48.37971\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.12,\n                48.04\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.58736,\n                47.096\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.34,\n                47.36\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.5,\n                48.18\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.84,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -120,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.03121,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -116.04818,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -113,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -110.05,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -107.05,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -104.04826,\n                48.99986\n              ],\n              [\n                -100.65,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.22872,\n                49.0007\n              ],\n              [\n                -95.15907,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -95.15609,\n                49.38425\n              ],\n              [\n                -94.81758,\n                49.38905\n              ]\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      },\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"name\": \"United States\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6aba3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blankenship, L. H.","contributorId":53489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blankenship","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Humphrey, A.B.","contributorId":96785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Humphrey","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"MacDonald, Duncan","contributorId":16824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacDonald","given":"Duncan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70227316,"text":"70227316 - 1971 - Radiometric age (Late Ordovician) of the Quincy, Cape Ann, and Peabody Granites from eastern Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T22:00:38.567632","indexId":"70227316","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T15:15:56","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radiometric age (Late Ordovician) of the Quincy, Cape Ann, and Peabody Granites from eastern Massachusetts","docAbstract":"<div class=\"widget widget-SplitView widget-instance-SplitView_Article\"><div class=\"article\"><div class=\"widget widget-ArticleMainView widget-instance-ArticleMainView_Split\"><div class=\"content-inner-wrap\"><div class=\"article-body\"><div id=\"ContentTab\" class=\"content active\"><div class=\"widget widget-ArticleFulltext widget-instance-ArticleFulltext_Split\"><div class=\"module-widget\"><div class=\"widget-items\" data-widgetname=\"ArticleFulltext\"><p id=\"15273334\" class=\"abstract-title jumplink-heading\">A geochronologic study of several intrusive bodies of alkalic granite from eastern Massachusetts yields the following radiometric ages (in millions of years).</p><table border=\"0\" class=\"mce-item-table\"><tbody><tr><td>Rock unit</td><td>Amphibole&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br>K-Ar</td><td>Whole-rock <br>Rb-Sr isochron&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</td><td>Pb<sup>207</sup>/Pb<sup>206</sup><br>zircon</td></tr><tr><td>Quincy Granite</td><td>430-458</td><td>313 ± 22</td><td>437 ± 32</td></tr><tr><td>Cape Ann Granite&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</td><td>374-397</td><td>435 ± 6</td><td>452 ± 10</td></tr><tr><td>Peabody Granite</td><td>350-403</td><td>367 ± 24</td><td>435 + 12<br>445 ± 22</td></tr></tbody></table><div><div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>The zircon ages show only mild internal discordancies and most diffusion models used to discuss U-Th-Pb isotopic systematics would give a true age about equal to that of the Pb<sup>207</sup>/Pb<sup>206</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>value. When plotted on a concordia diagram, the zircon data indicate a time of emplacement of 450 ± 25 m.y. for all three granite bodies. This Late Ordovician age for post-tectonic granites suggests that revisions in the commonly accepted geologic interpretation of eastern Massachusetts may be required. Previously, because of their massive, undeformed nature, the alkalic rocks were generally regarded as being Mississippian or Devonian in age and younger than the Early to Middle Devonian Acadian orogeny.</p><p>The amphibole K-Ar and whole-rock Rb-Sr systems have responded in a complex way to postcrystallization disturbances. We interpret the pattern of ages for the Quincy Granite to reflect a late Paleozoic(?), low-temperature alteration that accompanied extensive faulting, and the patterns of ages for the Cape Ann and Peabody Granites to reflect a Devonian heating possibly related to contact metamorphism by a nearby mafic pluton.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[937:RALOOT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Zartman, R.E., and Marvin, R.F., 1971, Radiometric age (Late Ordovician) of the Quincy, Cape Ann, and Peabody Granites from eastern Massachusetts: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 4, p. 937-957, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[937:RALOOT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"937","endPage":"957","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394073,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.88104248046875,\n              42.53486817758702\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.64483642578125,\n              42.577354839557856\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.5816650390625,\n              42.65214190481525\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.62286376953124,\n              42.69858589169842\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.65719604492188,\n              42.696567309696974\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.69015502929688,\n              42.66123150298925\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.76568603515625,\n              42.69555799408926\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.80001831054688,\n              42.71574118930587\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86318969726562,\n              42.68849232550868\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.90576171875,\n              42.712714128355564\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.99227905273438,\n              42.66022161324799\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.02935791015625,\n              42.60667398549725\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.88104248046875,\n              42.53486817758702\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.19621276855469,\n              42.459940352216556\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.91262817382812,\n              42.459940352216556\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.91262817382812,\n              42.56673588590953\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.19621276855469,\n              42.56673588590953\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.19621276855469,\n              42.459940352216556\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.13372802734375,\n              42.11859868281563\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.89958190917969,\n              42.11859868281563\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.89958190917969,\n              42.23105950761338\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.13372802734375,\n              42.23105950761338\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.13372802734375,\n              42.11859868281563\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zartman, Robert E.","contributorId":47356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zartman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marvin, Richard F.","contributorId":23125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marvin","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227413,"text":"70227413 - 1971 - Nationwide study of the streamflow data program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-13T21:20:48.669918","indexId":"70227413","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T15:15:09","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nationwide study of the streamflow data program","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>During 1970 the Geological Survey conducted a study to evaluate the surface-water data collection program. Objectives were formulated, specific goals were set, a massive analysis of available data was made to determine the extent to which the present system enables the goals to be met, alternatives were considered for meeting the remaining goals, and finally, specific elements were identified for inclusion in the future program. The results of the evaluation will be used in planning the future streamflow data program. Less productive elements in the present program can be weeded out, and the effort devoted to more critically needed water data. The study provides the groundwork for redirection of efforts towards a more efficient system for satisfying present and future needs.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1971.tb05922.x","usgsCitation":"Carter, R.W., and Benson, M.A., 1971, Nationwide study of the streamflow data program: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 7, no. 2, p. 383-385, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1971.tb05922.x.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"383","endPage":"385","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394346,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-66.28243,18.51476],[-65.7713,18.42668],[-65.591,18.22803],[-65.84716,17.97591],[-66.59993,17.98182],[-67.18416,17.94655],[-67.24243,18.37446],[-67.10068,18.5206],[-66.28243,18.51476]]],[[[-155.54211,19.08348],[-155.68817,18.91619],[-155.93665,19.05939],[-155.90806,19.33888],[-156.07347,19.70294],[-156.02368,19.81422],[-155.85008,19.97729],[-155.91907,20.17395],[-155.86108,20.26721],[-155.78505,20.2487],[-155.40214,20.07975],[-155.22452,19.99302],[-155.06226,19.8591],[-154.80741,19.50871],[-154.83147,19.45328],[-155.22217,19.23972],[-155.54211,19.08348]]],[[[-156.07926,20.64397],[-156.41445,20.57241],[-156.58673,20.783],[-156.70167,20.8643],[-156.71055,20.92676],[-156.61258,21.01249],[-156.25711,20.91745],[-155.99566,20.76404],[-156.07926,20.64397]]],[[[-156.75824,21.17684],[-156.78933,21.06873],[-157.32521,21.09777],[-157.25027,21.21958],[-156.75824,21.17684]]],[[[-157.65283,21.32217],[-157.70703,21.26442],[-157.7786,21.27729],[-158.12667,21.31244],[-158.2538,21.53919],[-158.29265,21.57912],[-158.0252,21.71696],[-157.94161,21.65272],[-157.65283,21.32217]]],[[[-159.34512,21.982],[-159.46372,21.88299],[-159.80051,22.06533],[-159.74877,22.1382],[-159.5962,22.23618],[-159.36569,22.21494],[-159.34512,21.982]]],[[[-94.81758,49.38905],[-94.64,48.84],[-94.32914,48.67074],[-93.63087,48.60926],[-92.61,48.45],[-91.64,48.14],[-90.83,48.27],[-89.6,48.01],[-89.27292,48.01981],[-88.37811,48.30292],[-87.43979,47.94],[-86.46199,47.55334],[-85.65236,47.22022],[-84.87608,46.90008],[-84.77924,46.6371],[-84.54375,46.53868],[-84.6049,46.4396],[-84.3367,46.40877],[-84.14212,46.51223],[-84.09185,46.27542],[-83.89077,46.11693],[-83.61613,46.11693],[-83.46955,45.99469],[-83.59285,45.81689],[-82.55092,45.34752],[-82.33776,44.44],[-82.13764,43.57109],[-82.43,42.98],[-82.9,42.43],[-83.12,42.08],[-83.142,41.97568],[-83.02981,41.8328],[-82.69009,41.67511],[-82.43928,41.67511],[-81.27775,42.20903],[-80.24745,42.3662],[-78.93936,42.86361],[-78.92,42.965],[-79.01,43.27],[-79.17167,43.46634],[-78.72028,43.62509],[-77.73789,43.62906],[-76.82003,43.62878],[-76.5,44.01846],[-76.375,44.09631],[-75.31821,44.81645],[-74.867,45.00048],[-73.34783,45.00738],[-71.50506,45.0082],[-71.405,45.255],[-71.08482,45.30524],[-70.66,45.46],[-70.305,45.915],[-69.99997,46.69307],[-69.23722,47.44778],[-68.905,47.185],[-68.23444,47.35486],[-67.79046,47.06636],[-67.79134,45.70281],[-67.13741,45.13753],[-66.96466,44.8097],[-68.03252,44.3252],[-69.06,43.98],[-70.11617,43.68405],[-70.64548,43.09024],[-70.81489,42.8653],[-70.825,42.335],[-70.495,41.805],[-70.08,41.78],[-70.185,42.145],[-69.88497,41.92283],[-69.96503,41.63717],[-70.64,41.475],[-71.12039,41.49445],[-71.86,41.32],[-72.295,41.27],[-72.87643,41.22065],[-73.71,40.9311],[-72.24126,41.11948],[-71.945,40.93],[-73.345,40.63],[-73.982,40.628],[-73.95232,40.75075],[-74.25671,40.47351],[-73.96244,40.42763],[-74.17838,39.70926],[-74.90604,38.93954],[-74.98041,39.1964],[-75.20002,39.24845],[-75.52805,39.4985],[-75.32,38.96],[-75.07183,38.78203],[-75.05673,38.40412],[-75.37747,38.01551],[-75.94023,37.21689],[-76.03127,37.2566],[-75.72205,37.93705],[-76.23287,38.31921],[-76.35,39.15],[-76.54272,38.71762],[-76.32933,38.08326],[-76.99,38.23999],[-76.30162,37.91794],[-76.25874,36.9664],[-75.9718,36.89726],[-75.86804,36.55125],[-75.72749,35.55074],[-76.36318,34.80854],[-77.39763,34.51201],[-78.05496,33.92547],[-78.55435,33.86133],[-79.06067,33.49395],[-79.20357,33.15839],[-80.30132,32.50935],[-80.86498,32.0333],[-81.33629,31.44049],[-81.49042,30.72999],[-81.31371,30.03552],[-80.98,29.18],[-80.53558,28.47213],[-80.53,28.04],[-80.05654,26.88],[-80.08801,26.20576],[-80.13156,25.81677],[-80.38103,25.20616],[-80.68,25.08],[-81.17213,25.20126],[-81.33,25.64],[-81.71,25.87],[-82.24,26.73],[-82.70515,27.49504],[-82.85526,27.88624],[-82.65,28.55],[-82.93,29.1],[-83.70959,29.93656],[-84.1,30.09],[-85.10882,29.63615],[-85.28784,29.68612],[-85.7731,30.15261],[-86.4,30.4],[-87.53036,30.27433],[-88.41782,30.3849],[-89.18049,30.31598],[-89.59383,30.15999],[-89.41373,29.89419],[-89.43,29.48864],[-89.21767,29.29108],[-89.40823,29.15961],[-89.77928,29.30714],[-90.15463,29.11743],[-90.88022,29.14854],[-91.62678,29.677],[-92.49906,29.5523],[-93.22637,29.78375],[-93.84842,29.71363],[-94.69,29.48],[-95.60026,28.73863],[-96.59404,28.30748],[-97.14,27.83],[-97.37,27.38],[-97.38,26.69],[-97.33,26.21],[-97.14,25.87],[-97.53,25.84],[-98.24,26.06],[-99.02,26.37],[-99.3,26.84],[-99.52,27.54],[-100.11,28.11],[-100.45584,28.69612],[-100.9576,29.38071],[-101.6624,29.7793],[-102.48,29.76],[-103.11,28.97],[-103.94,29.27],[-104.45697,29.57196],[-104.70575,30.12173],[-105.03737,30.64402],[-105.63159,31.08383],[-106.1429,31.39995],[-106.50759,31.75452],[-108.24,31.75485],[-108.24194,31.34222],[-109.035,31.34194],[-111.02361,31.33472],[-113.30498,32.03914],[-114.815,32.52528],[-114.72139,32.72083],[-115.99135,32.61239],[-117.12776,32.53534],[-117.29594,33.04622],[-117.944,33.62124],[-118.4106,33.74091],[-118.51989,34.02778],[-119.081,34.078],[-119.43884,34.34848],[-120.36778,34.44711],[-120.62286,34.60855],[-120.74433,35.15686],[-121.71457,36.16153],[-122.54747,37.55176],[-122.51201,37.78339],[-122.95319,38.11371],[-123.7272,38.95166],[-123.86517,39.76699],[-124.39807,40.3132],[-124.17886,41.14202],[-124.2137,41.99964],[-124.53284,42.76599],[-124.14214,43.70838],[-124.02053,44.6159],[-123.89893,45.52341],[-124.07963,46.86475],[-124.39567,47.72017],[-124.68721,48.18443],[-124.5661,48.37971],[-123.12,48.04],[-122.58736,47.096],[-122.34,47.36],[-122.5,48.18],[-122.84,49],[-120,49],[-117.03121,49],[-116.04818,49],[-113,49],[-110.05,49],[-107.05,49],[-104.04826,48.99986],[-100.65,49],[-97.22872,49.0007],[-95.15907,49],[-95.15609,49.38425],[-94.81758,49.38905]]],[[[-153.00631,57.11584],[-154.00509,56.73468],[-154.5164,56.99275],[-154.67099,57.4612],[-153.76278,57.81657],[-153.22873,57.96897],[-152.56479,57.90143],[-152.14115,57.59106],[-153.00631,57.11584]]],[[[-165.57916,59.90999],[-166.19277,59.75444],[-166.84834,59.94141],[-167.45528,60.21307],[-166.46779,60.38417],[-165.67443,60.29361],[-165.57916,59.90999]]],[[[-171.73166,63.78252],[-171.11443,63.59219],[-170.49111,63.69498],[-169.68251,63.43112],[-168.68944,63.29751],[-168.77194,63.1886],[-169.52944,62.97693],[-170.29056,63.19444],[-170.67139,63.37582],[-171.55306,63.31779],[-171.79111,63.40585],[-171.73166,63.78252]]],[[[-155.06779,71.14778],[-154.34417,70.69641],[-153.90001,70.88999],[-152.21001,70.82999],[-152.27,70.60001],[-150.73999,70.43002],[-149.72,70.53001],[-147.61336,70.21403],[-145.68999,70.12001],[-144.92001,69.98999],[-143.58945,70.15251],[-142.07251,69.85194],[-140.98599,69.712],[-140.9925,66.00003],[-140.99777,60.3064],[-140.013,60.27684],[-139.039,60.00001],[-138.34089,59.56211],[-137.4525,58.905],[-136.47972,59.46389],[-135.47583,59.78778],[-134.945,59.27056],[-134.27111,58.86111],[-133.35555,58.41029],[-132.73042,57.69289],[-131.70781,56.55212],[-130.00778,55.91583],[-129.97999,55.285],[-130.53611,54.80275],[-131.08582,55.17891],[-131.96721,55.49778],[-132.25001,56.37],[-133.53918,57.17889],[-134.07806,58.12307],[-135.03821,58.18771],[-136.62806,58.21221],[-137.80001,58.5],[-139.86779,59.53776],[-140.82527,59.72752],[-142.57444,60.08445],[-143.95888,59.99918],[-145.92556,60.45861],[-147.11437,60.88466],[-148.22431,60.67299],[-148.01807,59.97833],[-148.57082,59.91417],[-149.72786,59.70566],[-150.60824,59.36821],[-151.71639,59.15582],[-151.85943,59.74498],[-151.40972,60.7258],[-150.34694,61.03359],[-150.62111,61.28442],[-151.89584,60.7272],[-152.57833,60.06166],[-154.01917,59.35028],[-153.28751,58.86473],[-154.23249,58.14637],[-155.30749,57.72779],[-156.30833,57.42277],[-156.5561,56.97998],[-158.11722,56.46361],[-158.43332,55.99415],[-159.60333,55.56669],[-160.28972,55.64358],[-161.22305,55.36473],[-162.23777,55.02419],[-163.06945,54.68974],[-164.78557,54.40417],[-164.94223,54.57222],[-163.84834,55.03943],[-162.87,55.34804],[-161.80417,55.89499],[-160.5636,56.00805],[-160.07056,56.41806],[-158.68444,57.01668],[-158.4611,57.21692],[-157.72277,57.57],[-157.55027,58.32833],[-157.04167,58.91888],[-158.19473,58.6158],[-158.51722,58.78778],[-159.05861,58.42419],[-159.71167,58.93139],[-159.98129,58.57255],[-160.35527,59.07112],[-161.355,58.67084],[-161.96889,58.67166],[-162.05499,59.26693],[-161.87417,59.63362],[-162.51806,59.98972],[-163.81834,59.79806],[-164.66222,60.26748],[-165.34639,60.5075],[-165.35083,61.0739],[-166.12138,61.50002],[-165.73445,62.075],[-164.91918,62.63308],[-164.56251,63.14638],[-163.75333,63.21945],[-163.06722,63.05946],[-162.26056,63.54194],[-161.53445,63.45582],[-160.77251,63.76611],[-160.95834,64.2228],[-161.51807,64.40279],[-160.77778,64.7886],[-161.39193,64.77724],[-162.45305,64.55944],[-162.75779,64.33861],[-163.54639,64.55916],[-164.96083,64.44695],[-166.42529,64.68667],[-166.845,65.0889],[-168.11056,65.67],[-166.70527,66.08832],[-164.47471,66.57666],[-163.65251,66.57666],[-163.7886,66.07721],[-161.67777,66.11612],[-162.48971,66.73557],[-163.71972,67.11639],[-164.43099,67.61634],[-165.39029,68.04277],[-166.76444,68.35888],[-166.20471,68.88303],[-164.43081,68.91554],[-163.16861,69.37111],[-162.93057,69.85806],[-161.9089,70.33333],[-160.9348,70.44769],[-159.03918,70.89164],[-158.11972,70.82472],[-156.58082,71.35776],[-155.06779,71.14778]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"United States\"}}]}","volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, R. W.","contributorId":77125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benson, M. A.","contributorId":32510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227347,"text":"70227347 - 1971 - Petrologic and geophysical nature of serpentinites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T20:59:03.293383","indexId":"70227347","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T14:54:06","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrologic and geophysical nature of serpentinites","docAbstract":"<p>Mineralogically, serpentinites consist predominantly of lizardite, clinochrysotile, and antigorite. Recent work has shown that these minerals are not polymorphs. Chrysotile is the only mineral recognized as a synthetic product in experimental studies of the system MgO-SiO<sub>2</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>O. Antigorite seems to be stable at higher temperatures than lizardite or chrysotile. The density of individual serpentine species is dependent on their morphology; the low-density serpentinites (&lt;2.55g/cc) consist predominantly of clino-chrysotile. Seismic velocities and magnetic susceptibilities of serpentinites are related to the degree of serpentinization. The transition of massive serpentinites from ductile to brittle behavior in laboratory experiments at high confining pressures and temperatures above 300°C has been related to dehydration which may provide a mechanism for developing deep-focus earthquakes along Benioff zones.</p><p>Serpentinite is formed by direct hydration of ultramafic protolith in the crust. The most common ultramafic protoliths are harzburgite, dunite, and Iherzolite. The assemblage generally developed from these is lizardite + chrysotile + brucite + magnetite. In areas of high-grade metamorphism, antigorite is the predominant serpentine mineral. The common, large, alpine-type serpentinized ultramafic masses contain brucite and have MgO/SiO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios similar to those of their protolith, resulting in volume increase during serpentinization. Metamorphic serpentinites and some highly sheared alpine-type serpentinites have lower MgO/SiO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios than their protolith, lack brucite, and appear t o have been formed by volume-for-volume replacement with concomitant loss of magnesium or addition of silica.</p><p>Many large, young masses of peridotite appear to be slabs of oceanic mantle over-thrust onto continental edges. Subsequent sedimentation, serpentinization, and tectonism have greatly modified these original slabs so that their recognition in older orogenic zones is equivocal. The concept of the tectonic evolution of ultramafic rocks from oceanic crust-mantle slabs invading continental margins and being incrementally serpentinized and moved by later tectonic events provides a working hypothesis that allows a better explanation of the many peculiar and varied occurrences of serpentinite. The evidence does not support Hess' suggestion that the third layer of the oceanic crust consists of partly serpentinized mantle peridotite.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[897:PAGNOS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Coleman, R.G., 1971, Petrologic and geophysical nature of serpentinites: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 82, no. 4, p. 897-917, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[897:PAGNOS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"897","endPage":"917","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394139,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coleman, Robert G.","contributorId":88022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70207391,"text":"70207391 - 1971 - Correlation of uranium, thorium, and potassium with aeroradioaetivity in the Berea Area, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-19T07:34:24","indexId":"70207391","displayToPublicDate":"1971-04-01T14:32:04","publicationYear":"1971","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correlation of uranium, thorium, and potassium with aeroradioaetivity in the Berea Area, Virginia","docAbstract":"<p><span>In the Berea area, a small quartz monzonite pluton intrudes chlorite-actinolite schist and is overlapped by Coastal Plain sand and gravel deposits. A detailed aeroradioactivity survey of the area shows unusually high radioactivity (1,150 counts per second) over the quartz monzonite. A total of 22 auger samples was taken across all formations to a depth of 2 to 3 feet, and radioelement concentrations were determined by gamma-ray spectrometry. There is a general direct correlation of high radioactivity with increase in radioelement concentrations. Abundances of uranium and particularly thorium in the quartz monzonite are two and three times the average for rocks of this type; a comparison is made with other granitic rocks high in uranium and thorium. © 1971 Society of Economic Geologists, Inc.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.66.2.302","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Neuschel, S., Bunker, C.M., and Busa, C., 1971, Correlation of uranium, thorium, and potassium with aeroradioaetivity in the Berea Area, Virginia: Economic Geology, v. 66, no. 2, p. 302-308, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.66.2.302.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"302","endPage":"308","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":370429,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-75.973607,37.835817],[-75.971705,37.830928],[-75.977301,37.825821],[-75.982158,37.806226],[-75.987301,37.804917],[-75.9983,37.812626],[-75.999658,37.848198],[-75.992556,37.848889],[-75.988018,37.841085],[-75.973607,37.835817]]],[[[-76.029405,37.953776],[-75.994739,37.953501],[-76.017592,37.935161],[-76.032491,37.915008],[-76.04653,37.953586],[-76.029405,37.953776]]],[[[-75.242266,38.027209],[-75.296871,37.959043],[-75.334296,37.893477],[-75.359036,37.864143],[-75.374642,37.859454],[-75.40054,37.874865],[-75.437868,37.872324],[-75.467951,37.851328],[-75.514921,37.799149],[-75.581333,37.683593],[-75.586136,37.660653],[-75.610808,37.605909],[-75.612237,37.585602],[-75.608123,37.578018],[-75.595716,37.576657],[-75.594044,37.569698],[-75.63337,37.52214],[-75.666178,37.472124],[-75.66179,37.455028],[-75.665957,37.439209],[-75.697914,37.405301],[-75.720739,37.373129],[-75.727335,37.360346],[-75.726691,37.350127],[-75.735829,37.335426],[-75.765401,37.305596],[-75.778817,37.297176],[-75.784634,37.300976],[-75.798448,37.296285],[-75.79083,37.276207],[-75.799343,37.251779],[-75.789929,37.228134],[-75.804446,37.208011],[-75.800755,37.197297],[-75.897298,37.118037],[-75.912308,37.115154],[-75.92552,37.133601],[-75.945872,37.120514],[-75.97043,37.118608],[-75.978083,37.157338],[-76.013071,37.205366],[-76.010535,37.231579],[-76.025753,37.257407],[-76.023664,37.268971],[-76.015507,37.280874],[-76.023475,37.289067],[-76.018645,37.31782],[-76.014251,37.331943],[-75.987122,37.368548],[-75.97997,37.404608],[-75.983105,37.415802],[-75.981624,37.434116],[-75.960877,37.467562],[-75.963326,37.481785],[-75.958966,37.500133],[-75.940318,37.534582],[-75.937665,37.549652],[-75.941182,37.563839],[-75.924756,37.600215],[-75.909586,37.622671],[-75.868481,37.668224],[-75.868355,37.687609],[-75.859262,37.703111],[-75.837685,37.712985],[-75.827922,37.737986],[-75.812155,37.749502],[-75.803041,37.762464],[-75.818125,37.791698],[-75.784599,37.806826],[-75.743097,37.806656],[-75.73588,37.816561],[-75.723224,37.820124],[-75.71659,37.826696],[-75.709114,37.8477],[-75.689837,37.861817],[-75.685293,37.873341],[-75.687584,37.88634],[-75.709626,37.900622],[-75.753048,37.896605],[-75.758796,37.897615],[-75.757694,37.903912],[-75.712065,37.936082],[-75.704318,37.92901],[-75.693942,37.930362],[-75.669711,37.950796],[-75.655681,37.945435],[-75.647606,37.947027],[-75.648229,37.966775],[-75.638221,37.979397],[-75.629532,37.975966],[-75.633712,37.983057],[-75.624342,37.994208],[-75.242266,38.027209]]],[[[-77.041898,38.741514],[-77.041398,38.724515],[-77.045498,38.714315],[-77.053199,38.709915],[-77.079499,38.709515],[-77.1059,38.696815],[-77.132501,38.673816],[-77.135901,38.649817],[-77.1302,38.635017],[-77.157501,38.636417],[-77.174902,38.624217],[-77.202002,38.617217],[-77.216303,38.637817],[-77.240604,38.638917],[-77.246704,38.635217],[-77.247003,38.590618],[-77.26443,38.582845],[-77.26083,38.56533],[-77.276603,38.54712],[-77.276303,38.53962],[-77.283503,38.525221],[-77.310334,38.493926],[-77.322622,38.467131],[-77.32544,38.44885],[-77.310719,38.397669],[-77.317288,38.383576],[-77.296077,38.369797],[-77.279633,38.339444],[-77.265295,38.333165],[-77.240072,38.331598],[-77.162692,38.345994],[-77.138224,38.367917],[-77.08481,38.368297],[-77.069956,38.377895],[-77.056032,38.3962],[-77.043526,38.400548],[-77.011827,38.374554],[-77.016932,38.341697],[-77.030683,38.311623],[-77.026304,38.302685],[-76.99767,38.278047],[-76.981372,38.274214],[-76.96215,38.256486],[-76.957417,38.236341],[-76.967335,38.227185],[-76.962311,38.214075],[-76.937134,38.202384],[-76.910832,38.197073],[-76.875272,38.172207],[-76.838795,38.163476],[-76.788445,38.169199],[-76.760241,38.166581],[-76.743064,38.156988],[-76.738938,38.14651],[-76.721722,38.137635],[-76.704048,38.149264],[-76.701297,38.155718],[-76.684892,38.156497],[-76.665127,38.147638],[-76.643448,38.14825],[-76.629476,38.15305],[-76.613939,38.148587],[-76.604131,38.128771],[-76.600937,38.110084],[-76.579497,38.09487],[-76.543155,38.076971],[-76.535919,38.069532],[-76.516547,38.026566],[-76.469343,38.013544],[-76.462542,37.998572],[-76.416299,37.966828],[-76.343848,37.947345],[-76.265998,37.91138],[-76.236725,37.889174],[-76.251358,37.833072],[-76.275178,37.812664],[-76.282592,37.814109],[-76.284904,37.822308],[-76.293525,37.822717],[-76.307482,37.81235],[-76.310307,37.794849],[-76.306489,37.788646],[-76.312108,37.750522],[-76.304917,37.729913],[-76.312858,37.720338],[-76.300067,37.695364],[-76.302545,37.689],[-76.324808,37.676983],[-76.339892,37.655966],[-76.332562,37.645817],[-76.292534,37.636098],[-76.279447,37.618225],[-76.28037,37.613715],[-76.309174,37.621892],[-76.36232,37.610368],[-76.381106,37.627003],[-76.390054,37.630326],[-76.399236,37.628636],[-76.472392,37.665772],[-76.489576,37.666201],[-76.497564,37.647056],[-76.510187,37.642324],[-76.536548,37.663574],[-76.537228,37.698892],[-76.560476,37.727827],[-76.584289,37.76889],[-76.602024,37.772731],[-76.651413,37.796239],[-76.680197,37.825654],[-76.701606,37.822677],[-76.72718,37.842263],[-76.747552,37.875864],[-76.765711,37.879274],[-76.784618,37.869569],[-76.766328,37.840437],[-76.723863,37.788503],[-76.689773,37.78519],[-76.683775,37.781391],[-76.683372,37.765507],[-76.677002,37.7561],[-76.61971,37.744795],[-76.61997,37.731271],[-76.597213,37.717269],[-76.597868,37.702918],[-76.579591,37.671508],[-76.583143,37.661986],[-76.574049,37.646781],[-76.542666,37.616857],[-76.527188,37.611315],[-76.435474,37.612807],[-76.420252,37.598686],[-76.410781,37.581815],[-76.383188,37.573056],[-76.357835,37.573699],[-76.300144,37.561734],[-76.29796,37.557636],[-76.302762,37.551295],[-76.330598,37.536391],[-76.348992,37.536548],[-76.360474,37.51924],[-76.352678,37.504913],[-76.32947,37.49492],[-76.306952,37.497488],[-76.297739,37.506863],[-76.297651,37.515424],[-76.293599,37.516499],[-76.281043,37.507821],[-76.265056,37.481365],[-76.252415,37.447274],[-76.245283,37.386839],[-76.24846,37.375135],[-76.264847,37.357399],[-76.272888,37.335174],[-76.275552,37.309964],[-76.282555,37.319107],[-76.308581,37.329366],[-76.31205,37.338088],[-76.337476,37.364014],[-76.387112,37.385061],[-76.393958,37.39594],[-76.415167,37.402133],[-76.418719,37.3978],[-76.418176,37.385064],[-76.437525,37.37975],[-76.445333,37.36646],[-76.406388,37.332924],[-76.38777,37.30767],[-76.381075,37.28534],[-76.369029,37.279311],[-76.352556,37.278334],[-76.349489,37.273963],[-76.392788,37.264973],[-76.417173,37.26395],[-76.421765,37.255198],[-76.429141,37.25331],[-76.475927,37.250543],[-76.48284,37.254831],[-76.493302,37.24947],[-76.50364,37.233856],[-76.494008,37.225408],[-76.471799,37.216016],[-76.394132,37.22515],[-76.389793,37.222981],[-76.396052,37.201087],[-76.389284,37.193503],[-76.391252,37.179887],[-76.399659,37.160272],[-76.381379,37.155711],[-76.35969,37.16858],[-76.348658,37.170655],[-76.343234,37.166207],[-76.34405,37.160367],[-76.334017,37.144223],[-76.311088,37.138495],[-76.292344,37.126615],[-76.271262,37.084544],[-76.304272,37.001378],[-76.315008,37.001683],[-76.318065,37.013846],[-76.34011,37.015212],[-76.348066,37.006747],[-76.383367,36.993347],[-76.411768,36.962847],[-76.428869,36.969947],[-76.452118,36.998163],[-76.452461,37.004603],[-76.448231,37.007705],[-76.464471,37.027547],[-76.518242,37.055351],[-76.526273,37.062947],[-76.526203,37.077773],[-76.536875,37.083942],[-76.555066,37.075859],[-76.564219,37.077507],[-76.579499,37.096627],[-76.618252,37.119347],[-76.62478,37.127091],[-76.622252,37.142146],[-76.604476,37.160034],[-76.606684,37.166674],[-76.610972,37.166994],[-76.623292,37.198738],[-76.649869,37.220914],[-76.689166,37.222866],[-76.730951,37.213813],[-76.74,37.195379],[-76.75047,37.190098],[-76.757765,37.191658],[-76.780532,37.209336],[-76.801023,37.206043],[-76.802511,37.198308],[-76.796905,37.189404],[-76.756899,37.161582],[-76.747632,37.150548],[-76.73032,37.145395],[-76.715295,37.148035],[-76.696735,37.174403],[-76.691918,37.195731],[-76.685614,37.198851],[-76.663774,37.173875],[-76.67147,37.158739],[-76.671588,37.14206],[-76.666542,37.138179],[-76.656894,37.109843],[-76.669822,37.06426],[-76.662558,37.045748],[-76.646013,37.036228],[-76.612124,37.035604],[-76.586491,37.02874],[-76.562923,37.003796],[-76.524853,36.983833],[-76.521006,36.973187],[-76.513363,36.968057],[-76.500355,36.965212],[-76.487559,36.952372],[-76.482407,36.917364],[-76.483369,36.896239],[-76.469914,36.882898],[-76.454692,36.884077],[-76.453941,36.89274],[-76.441605,36.906116],[-76.407507,36.897444],[-76.387567,36.899547],[-76.385867,36.923247],[-76.345569,36.924531],[-76.344663,36.919313],[-76.328864,36.918447],[-76.330765,36.938647],[-76.327365,36.959447],[-76.315867,36.955351],[-76.297663,36.968147],[-76.267962,36.964547],[-76.22166,36.939547],[-76.139557,36.923047],[-76.095508,36.908817],[-76.058154,36.916947],[-76.033454,36.931946],[-76.013753,36.930746],[-75.996252,36.922047],[-75.94955,36.76115],[-75.921748,36.692051],[-75.890946,36.630753],[-75.874145,36.583853],[-75.867044,36.550754],[-76.915897,36.552093],[-76.916048,36.543815],[-77.152691,36.544078],[-77.16966,36.547315],[-77.205156,36.544581],[-78.245462,36.544411],[-78.529722,36.540981],[-80.122183,36.542646],[-80.295243,36.543973],[-80.704831,36.562319],[-80.837089,36.559154],[-81.003802,36.563629],[-81.176712,36.571926],[-81.442228,36.576822],[-81.600934,36.587019],[-81.677535,36.588117],[-81.6469,36.611918],[-81.922644,36.616213],[-81.934144,36.594213],[-83.248933,36.593827],[-83.2763,36.598187],[-83.55681,36.597384],[-83.675413,36.600814],[-83.649513,36.616683],[-83.645213,36.624183],[-83.628913,36.624083],[-83.607913,36.637083],[-83.577312,36.641784],[-83.562612,36.651284],[-83.541812,36.656584],[-83.529612,36.666184],[-83.498011,36.670485],[-83.466483,36.6647],[-83.423707,36.667385],[-83.395806,36.676786],[-83.386099,36.686589],[-83.307103,36.711387],[-83.194597,36.739487],[-83.136395,36.743088],[-83.127833,36.750828],[-83.126719,36.761],[-83.132477,36.764398],[-83.128494,36.775588],[-83.131694,36.781488],[-83.103092,36.806689],[-83.098492,36.814289],[-83.101792,36.829089],[-83.07519,36.840889],[-83.07259,36.854589],[-83.047589,36.851789],[-83.026887,36.855489],[-83.021887,36.849989],[-83.009222,36.847295],[-82.998376,36.85663],[-82.970253,36.857686],[-82.951685,36.866152],[-82.907774,36.874706],[-82.906325,36.87974],[-82.879492,36.889085],[-82.870068,36.901735],[-82.877473,36.90796],[-82.858635,36.927785],[-82.861282,36.944848],[-82.856099,36.952471],[-82.87023,36.965498],[-82.868455,36.976481],[-82.862926,36.979975],[-82.857936,36.978276],[-82.853729,36.985178],[-82.845002,36.983812],[-82.836008,36.988837],[-82.830802,36.993445],[-82.828592,37.005707],[-82.782144,37.008242],[-82.759175,37.027333],[-82.747981,37.025214],[-82.743684,37.041397],[-82.722472,37.045101],[-82.727022,37.073019],[-82.718353,37.075706],[-82.717204,37.079544],[-82.724954,37.091905],[-82.721617,37.101276],[-82.726449,37.114985],[-82.722097,37.120168],[-82.684601,37.135835],[-82.676765,37.134965],[-82.651646,37.151908],[-82.633493,37.154264],[-82.592451,37.182847],[-82.550372,37.204458],[-82.531576,37.209163],[-82.528746,37.213742],[-82.520117,37.212906],[-82.498858,37.227044],[-82.491486,37.225086],[-82.487317,37.230578],[-82.457016,37.238288],[-82.449164,37.243908],[-82.350948,37.267077],[-82.342068,37.274109],[-82.341849,37.280886],[-82.324619,37.28318],[-82.309415,37.300066],[-81.968297,37.537798],[-81.969279,37.534325],[-81.959362,37.53522],[-81.953524,37.528056],[-81.943981,37.5303],[-81.94766,37.52508],[-81.943693,37.521212],[-81.944756,37.513657],[-81.938749,37.512902],[-81.933088,37.518968],[-81.926391,37.514207],[-81.941151,37.509483],[-81.943912,37.502929],[-81.951831,37.50205],[-81.953264,37.491763],[-81.964986,37.493488],[-81.977593,37.484603],[-81.992916,37.482969],[-81.995649,37.469833],[-81.987006,37.454878],[-81.976176,37.457186],[-81.965582,37.446918],[-81.949367,37.445687],[-81.945765,37.440214],[-81.935621,37.438397],[-81.940553,37.429058],[-81.93695,37.41992],[-81.923481,37.411379],[-81.930042,37.405291],[-81.928778,37.393845],[-81.936744,37.38073],[-81.926697,37.364618],[-81.928497,37.360645],[-81.916678,37.349346],[-81.899495,37.341102],[-81.893773,37.330105],[-81.880886,37.331146],[-81.860267,37.315715],[-81.865429,37.31012],[-81.859624,37.304765],[-81.856032,37.306742],[-81.853551,37.287701],[-81.849949,37.285227],[-81.838762,37.286343],[-81.834432,37.285416],[-81.83447,37.281763],[-81.819625,37.279411],[-81.805382,37.285622],[-81.793595,37.284838],[-81.793639,37.282188],[-81.789294,37.284416],[-81.774747,37.274847],[-81.76022,37.275254],[-81.745505,37.26133],[-81.744291,37.244178],[-81.739277,37.238837],[-81.723061,37.240493],[-81.716248,37.234321],[-81.71573,37.228771],[-81.695113,37.21357],[-81.683544,37.211452],[-81.683268,37.205649],[-81.678603,37.202467],[-81.5536,37.208443],[-81.545211,37.220165],[-81.508786,37.232564],[-81.498874,37.258025],[-81.492287,37.25096],[-81.480144,37.251121],[-81.449068,37.269583],[-81.416663,37.273214],[-81.40506,37.298794],[-81.398185,37.302965],[-81.394287,37.316411],[-81.388132,37.319903],[-81.374455,37.318614],[-81.362156,37.337687],[-81.320105,37.299323],[-81.225104,37.234874],[-81.167029,37.262881],[-81.112596,37.278497],[-80.979589,37.302279],[-80.981322,37.293465],[-80.966556,37.292158],[-80.947896,37.295872],[-80.900535,37.315],[-80.868986,37.338573],[-80.849451,37.346909],[-80.883248,37.383933],[-80.862761,37.411829],[-80.865148,37.419927],[-80.859563,37.429558],[-80.846324,37.423394],[-80.837678,37.425658],[-80.808769,37.406271],[-80.806129,37.398074],[-80.784188,37.394587],[-80.770082,37.372363],[-80.705203,37.394618],[-80.645893,37.422147],[-80.63439,37.431227],[-80.622664,37.433307],[-80.552036,37.473563],[-80.511391,37.481672],[-80.492981,37.457749],[-80.49728,37.444779],[-80.494867,37.43507],[-80.475601,37.422949],[-80.371952,37.474069],[-80.36317,37.480001],[-80.366838,37.484879],[-80.309331,37.50288],[-80.299789,37.508271],[-80.282385,37.533517],[-80.291644,37.536505],[-80.309346,37.527381],[-80.330306,37.536244],[-80.312393,37.546239],[-80.328504,37.564315],[-80.258919,37.595499],[-80.240272,37.606961],[-80.220984,37.627767],[-80.267228,37.646011],[-80.279372,37.657077],[-80.296138,37.691783],[-80.253077,37.725899],[-80.252024,37.729825],[-80.262765,37.738336],[-80.257411,37.756084],[-80.251622,37.755866],[-80.246902,37.768309],[-80.230458,37.778305],[-80.217634,37.776775],[-80.215892,37.781989],[-80.227965,37.791714],[-80.227092,37.798886],[-80.218611,37.809783],[-80.206482,37.81597],[-80.199633,37.827507],[-80.179391,37.839751],[-80.183062,37.850646],[-80.176712,37.854029],[-80.162202,37.875122],[-80.148951,37.886892],[-80.141947,37.882616],[-80.12362,37.897943],[-80.117747,37.89772],[-80.118967,37.903614],[-80.102931,37.918911],[-80.096563,37.918112],[-80.074514,37.942221],[-80.04841,37.957481],[-79.999384,37.995842],[-79.995901,38.005791],[-79.973701,38.032556],[-79.954369,38.080397],[-79.92633,38.107151],[-79.938051,38.110759],[-79.944843,38.131585],[-79.933751,38.135508],[-79.925512,38.150237],[-79.918662,38.15479],[-79.914884,38.167524],[-79.917924,38.168399],[-79.916622,38.177994],[-79.921026,38.179954],[-79.91441,38.188418],[-79.898426,38.193045],[-79.888045,38.20736],[-79.850324,38.233329],[-79.846445,38.240003],[-79.835124,38.241892],[-79.830882,38.249687],[-79.817149,38.249511],[-79.811987,38.260401],[-79.806333,38.259193],[-79.790134,38.267654],[-79.789791,38.281167],[-79.795448,38.290228],[-79.802778,38.292073],[-79.810115,38.305037],[-79.808711,38.309429],[-79.79655,38.32348],[-79.77309,38.335529],[-79.764432,38.356514],[-79.740615,38.354101],[-79.725973,38.363229],[-79.72679,38.370832],[-79.730494,38.372217],[-79.72635,38.38707],[-79.706634,38.41573],[-79.689675,38.431439],[-79.691478,38.446282],[-79.688365,38.45687],[-79.698929,38.469869],[-79.693424,38.481011],[-79.697572,38.487223],[-79.692273,38.496474],[-79.682974,38.501317],[-79.680374,38.510617],[-79.670474,38.507717],[-79.663474,38.514117],[-79.662974,38.518717],[-79.672974,38.528717],[-79.666874,38.538317],[-79.669275,38.549516],[-79.665075,38.560916],[-79.659275,38.562416],[-79.659375,38.572616],[-79.649075,38.591515],[-79.53827,38.551817],[-79.521469,38.533918],[-79.476638,38.457228],[-79.312276,38.411876],[-79.288432,38.42096],[-79.282971,38.418095],[-79.279678,38.424173],[-79.282762,38.431647],[-79.267414,38.438322],[-79.254435,38.455949],[-79.242641,38.454168],[-79.240059,38.469841],[-79.225669,38.476471],[-79.219067,38.487441],[-79.210591,38.492913],[-79.206959,38.503522],[-79.210959,38.507422],[-79.205859,38.524521],[-79.176658,38.56552],[-79.170958,38.56812],[-79.170858,38.574119],[-79.158657,38.592319],[-79.159158,38.601219],[-79.151257,38.620618],[-79.131057,38.653217],[-79.122256,38.659817],[-79.106356,38.656217],[-79.092955,38.659517],[-79.084355,38.686516],[-79.090755,38.692515],[-79.092755,38.702315],[-79.072555,38.747513],[-79.057554,38.760213],[-79.055654,38.770913],[-79.051554,38.772613],[-79.054954,38.785713],[-79.046554,38.792113],[-79.029253,38.791013],[-79.023053,38.798613],[-79.024053,38.809212],[-79.019553,38.817912],[-79.006152,38.824512],[-78.998171,38.847353],[-78.993997,38.850102],[-78.869276,38.762991],[-78.786025,38.887187],[-78.759085,38.900529],[-78.738921,38.927283],[-78.718482,38.934267],[-78.71981,38.905907],[-78.717178,38.904296],[-78.704323,38.915231],[-78.69738,38.915602],[-78.670679,38.9338],[-78.646589,38.968138],[-78.638423,38.966819],[-78.625672,38.982575],[-78.620453,38.982601],[-78.618676,38.974082],[-78.611184,38.976134],[-78.601655,38.964603],[-78.570462,39.001552],[-78.550467,39.018065],[-78.571901,39.031995],[-78.540216,39.060631],[-78.522714,39.071062],[-78.495984,39.09898],[-78.478426,39.109843],[-78.475376,39.107469],[-78.459869,39.113351],[-78.439429,39.132146],[-78.427294,39.152726],[-78.403697,39.167451],[-78.426315,39.182762],[-78.428697,39.187217],[-78.424292,39.192156],[-78.438651,39.198049],[-78.405585,39.231176],[-78.404214,39.241214],[-78.399669,39.243874],[-78.418584,39.256065],[-78.414204,39.26391],[-78.367242,39.310148],[-78.364686,39.317312],[-78.35894,39.319484],[-78.346301,39.339108],[-78.347634,39.34272],[-78.339284,39.348605],[-78.34048,39.353492],[-78.366867,39.35929],[-78.343214,39.388807],[-78.350014,39.392861],[-78.349436,39.397252],[-78.359918,39.409028],[-78.346718,39.427618],[-78.353227,39.436792],[-78.346061,39.445613],[-78.345143,39.459484],[-78.349476,39.462205],[-78.347087,39.466012],[-77.828157,39.132329],[-77.822182,39.139985],[-77.821413,39.15241],[-77.805991,39.172421],[-77.793631,39.210125],[-77.771415,39.236776],[-77.767277,39.24938],[-77.770589,39.249393],[-77.770669,39.255262],[-77.762844,39.258445],[-77.747287,39.295001],[-77.730047,39.315666],[-77.719029,39.321125],[-77.692984,39.31845],[-77.677123,39.324077],[-77.650997,39.310784],[-77.615939,39.302722],[-77.592739,39.30129],[-77.566596,39.306121],[-77.561826,39.301913],[-77.560854,39.286152],[-77.540581,39.264947],[-77.486813,39.247586],[-77.45812,39.22614],[-77.459883,39.218682],[-77.47361,39.208407],[-77.477362,39.190495],[-77.505162,39.18205],[-77.516426,39.170891],[-77.527282,39.146236],[-77.524559,39.127821],[-77.519929,39.120925],[-77.4858,39.109303],[-77.458202,39.073723],[-77.38568,39.061987],[-77.340287,39.062991],[-77.293105,39.046508],[-77.274706,39.034091],[-77.248403,39.026909],[-77.244603,39.020109],[-77.255703,39.002409],[-77.249203,38.993709],[-77.249803,38.985909],[-77.234803,38.97631],[-77.232268,38.979502],[-77.221502,38.97131],[-77.197502,38.96681],[-77.183002,38.96881],[-77.148179,38.965002],[-77.1034,38.912911],[-77.0902,38.904211],[-77.067299,38.899211],[-77.058254,38.880069],[-77.049099,38.870712],[-77.046599,38.874912],[-77.039099,38.868112],[-77.031698,38.850512],[-77.032798,38.841712],[-77.044199,38.840212],[-77.044899,38.834712],[-77.039199,38.832212],[-77.035798,38.814913],[-77.041898,38.741514]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Virginia\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"66","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1971-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neuschel, S.K.","contributorId":103737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neuschel","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunker, C. M.","contributorId":75138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunker","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Busa, C.A.","contributorId":221341,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Busa","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}