{"pageNumber":"639","pageRowStart":"15950","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46677,"records":[{"id":70156821,"text":"70156821 - 2012 - Fluid geochemistry of Yucca Mountain and vicinity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-28T16:03:13","indexId":"70156821","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Fluid geochemistry of Yucca Mountain and vicinity","docAbstract":"<p><span>Yucca Mountain, a site in southwest Nevada, has been proposed for a deep underground radioactive waste repository. An extensive database of geochemical and isotopic characteristics has been established for pore waters and gases from the unsaturated zone, perched water, and saturated zone waters in the Yucca Mountain area. The development of this database has been driven by diverse needs of the Yucca Mountain Project, especially those aspects of the project involving process modeling and performance assessment. Water and gas chemistries influence the sorption behavior of radionuclides and the solubility of the radionuclide compounds that form. The chemistry of waters that may infiltrate the proposed repository will be determined in part by that of water present in the unsaturated zone above the proposed repository horizon, whereas pore-water compositions beneath the repository horizon will influence the sorption behavior of the radionuclides transported toward the water table. However, more relevant to the discussion in this chapter, development and testing of conceptual flow and transport models for the Yucca Mountain hydrologic system are strengthened through the incorporation of natural environmental tracer data into the process. Chemical and isotopic data are used to establish bounds on key hydrologic parameters and to provide corroborative evidence for model assumptions and predictions. Examples of specific issues addressed by these data include spatial and temporal variability in net fluxes, the role of faults in controlling flow paths, fracture-matrix interactions, the age and origin of perched water, and the distribution of water traveltimes.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrology and geochemistry of Yucca Mountain and vicinity, Southern Nevada and California","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2012.1209(04)","usgsCitation":"Marshall, B.D., Moscati, R.J., and Patterson, G.L., 2012, Fluid geochemistry of Yucca Mountain and vicinity, chap. <i>of</i> Hydrology and geochemistry of Yucca Mountain and vicinity, Southern Nevada and California, p. 143-218, https://doi.org/10.1130/2012.1209(04).","productDescription":"76 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"218","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307694,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.79702758789061,\n              36.6959520787169\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.79702758789061,\n              37.12857106113289\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.09527587890624,\n              37.12857106113289\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.09527587890624,\n              36.6959520787169\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.79702758789061,\n              36.6959520787169\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f545e4b0bc0bec0a152b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stuckless, John S. 0000-0002-7536-0444 jstuckless@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7536-0444","contributorId":4974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuckless","given":"John","email":"jstuckless@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570695,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Marshall, Brian D. 0000-0002-8093-0093 bdmarsha@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8093-0093","contributorId":520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"Brian","email":"bdmarsha@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moscati, Richard J. 0000-0002-0818-4401 rmoscati@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0818-4401","contributorId":2462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moscati","given":"Richard","email":"rmoscati@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patterson, Gary L. glpatter@usgs.gov","contributorId":519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patterson","given":"Gary","email":"glpatter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":570694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70007152,"text":"sir20115208 - 2012 - Wastewater indicator compounds in wastewater effluent, surface water, and bed sediment in the St. Croix National Scenic Riverway and implications for water resources and aquatic biota, Minnesota and Wisconsin, 2007-08","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"sir20115208","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5208","title":"Wastewater indicator compounds in wastewater effluent, surface water, and bed sediment in the St. Croix National Scenic Riverway and implications for water resources and aquatic biota, Minnesota and Wisconsin, 2007-08","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey and the National Park Service cooperated on a study to determine the occurrence of wastewater indicator compounds including nutrients; organic wastewater compounds (OWCs), such as compounds used in plastic components, surfactant metabolites, antimicrobials, fragrances, and fire retardants; and pharmaceuticals in the St. Croix National Scenic Riverway in Minnesota and Wisconsin. Samples of treated wastewater effluent from two wastewater-treatment plants (WWTPs), located in St. Croix Falls, Wisc. (SCF-WWTP) and Taylors Falls, Minn. (TF-WWTP), were collected from 2007 to 2008. During this time, surface-water and bed-sediment samples from the St. Croix River below Sunrise River near Sunrise, Minn., upstream from the two WWTPs (Sunrise site), and from the St. Croix River above Rock Island near Franconia, Minn., downstream from the WWTPs (Franconia site), also were collected. The Franconia site was selected because of the two large WWTP discharge points and the presence of mussel beds in this area of the St. Croix River.\nA variety of OWCs and pharmaceuticals were detected in wastewater effluent from both WWTPs. Compounds detected varied between the two WWTPs and varied over time from samples collected at each site. The concentration and numbers of OWCs detected were greater in the wastewater effluent samples from SCF-WWTP (38 OWCs and 7 pharmaceuticals detected) than from TF-WWTP (20 OWCs and 3 pharmaceuticals detected). Four endocrine active compounds, compounds known to affect the endocrine systems of fish-4-nonylphenol, 4-nonylphenol diethoxylate, acetyl hexamethyl tetrahydronaphthalene, and hexahydrohexamethyl cyclopentabenzopyran-also were detected in effluent samples from both WWTPs. Concentrations of phosphate flame retardants were greater in effluent from SCF-WWTP than from TF-WWTP with the concentration of tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate greater than 200 micrograms per liter.\nSeven OWCs, including one endocrine active compound, and two pharmaceuticals were detected in surface-water samples from the Sunrise site. Twelve OWCs and three pharmaceuticals were detected in surface-water samples from the Franconia site. Eighteen OWCs were detected in bed-sediment samples from the Sunrise site, whereas 21 OWCs were detected in bed-sediment samples from the Franconia site. Eight pharmaceuticals were detected in bed-sediment samples from both sites.\nThe results of this study indicate that aquatic biota in the St. Croix River are exposed to a wide variety of organic contaminants that originate from diverse sources including WWTP effluent. The data on wastewater indicator compounds indicate that exposures are temporally and spatially variable and that OWCs may accumulate in bed sediment. These results also indicate that OWCs in water and bed sediment increase downstream from discharges of wastewater effluent to the St. Croix River; however, the presence of OWCs in surface water and bed sediment at the Sunrise site indicates that potential sources of compounds, such as WWTPs or other sources, are upstream from the Taylors Falls-St. Croix Falls area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115208","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Tomasek, A., Lee, K., and Hansen, D.S., 2012, Wastewater indicator compounds in wastewater effluent, surface water, and bed sediment in the St. Croix National Scenic Riverway and implications for water resources and aquatic biota, Minnesota and Wisconsin, 2007-08: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5208, viii, 34 p.; Appendices; Tables; Figures, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115208.","productDescription":"viii, 34 p.; Appendices; Tables; Figures","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116444,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5208.jpg"},{"id":112506,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5208/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"state":"Minnesota;Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.75,44.5 ], [ -93.75,46.75 ], [ -91,46.75 ], [ -91,44.5 ], [ -93.75,44.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc3fbe4b08c986b32b440","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tomasek, Abigail A.","contributorId":6187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tomasek","given":"Abigail A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Kathy 0000-0002-7683-1367 klee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7683-1367","contributorId":2538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Kathy","email":"klee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hansen, Donald S. dshansen@usgs.gov","contributorId":455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Donald","email":"dshansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":355947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70007142,"text":"70007142 - 2012 - Integrating scales of seagrass monitoring to meet conservation needs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-30T18:03:46.117277","indexId":"70007142","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating scales of seagrass monitoring to meet conservation needs","docAbstract":"<p><span>We evaluated a hierarchical framework for seagrass monitoring in two estuaries in the northeastern USA: Little Pleasant Bay, Massachusetts, and Great South Bay/Moriches Bay, New York. This approach includes three tiers of monitoring that are integrated across spatial scales and sampling intensities. We identified monitoring attributes for determining attainment of conservation objectives to protect seagrass ecosystems from estuarine nutrient enrichment. Existing mapping programs provided large-scale information on seagrass distribution and bed sizes (tier 1 monitoring). We supplemented this with bay-wide, quadrat-based assessments of seagrass percent cover and canopy height at permanent sampling stations following a spatially distributed random design (tier 2 monitoring). Resampling simulations showed that four observations per station were sufficient to minimize bias in estimating mean percent cover on a bay-wide scale, and sample sizes of 55 stations in a 624-ha system and 198 stations in a 9,220-ha system were sufficient to detect absolute temporal increases in seagrass abundance from 25% to 49% cover and from 4% to 12% cover, respectively. We made high-resolution measurements of seagrass condition (percent cover, canopy height, total and reproductive shoot density, biomass, and seagrass depth limit) at a representative index site in each system (tier 3 monitoring). Tier 3 data helped explain system-wide changes. Our results suggest tiered monitoring as an efficient and feasible way to detect and predict changes in seagrass systems relative to multi-scale conservation objectives.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-011-9410-x","usgsCitation":"Neckles, H.A., Kopp, B.S., Peterson, B.J., and Pooler, P.S., 2012, Integrating scales of seagrass monitoring to meet conservation needs: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 35, no. 1, p. 23-46, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-011-9410-x.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"46","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381760,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.301513671875,\n              41.74672584176937\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.89501953125,\n              41.74672584176937\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.89501953125,\n              42.12267315117256\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.301513671875,\n              42.12267315117256\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.301513671875,\n              41.74672584176937\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c82e4b0c8380cd62dc8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neckles, Hilary A. 0000-0002-5662-2314 hneckles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5662-2314","contributorId":3821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neckles","given":"Hilary","email":"hneckles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kopp, Blaine S.","contributorId":99648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kopp","given":"Blaine","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, Bradley J.","contributorId":84502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pooler, Penelope S.","contributorId":51018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pooler","given":"Penelope","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70007183,"text":"ds663 - 2012 - Steroidal hormones and other endocrine active compounds in shallow groundwater in nonagricultural areas of Minnesota&mdash;Study design, methods, and data, 2009&ndash;10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"ds663","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-18T12:18:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"663","title":"Steroidal hormones and other endocrine active compounds in shallow groundwater in nonagricultural areas of Minnesota&mdash;Study design, methods, and data, 2009&ndash;10","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, completed a study on the occurrence of steroidal hormones and other endocrine active compounds in shallow groundwater in nonagricultural areas of Minnesota during 2009&ndash;10. This report describes the study design and methods, and presents the data collected on steroidal hormones and other related compounds. Environmental and quality-control samples were collected from 40 wells as part of this study. Samples were analyzed by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory for 16 steroidal hormones and 4 other related compounds, of which all but 2 compounds are endocrine active compounds. Most of the water samples did not contain detectable concentrations of any of the 20 compounds analyzed. Water samples from three wells had detectable concentrations of one or more compounds. Bisphenol A was detected in samples from three wells, and trans-diethylstilbestrol was detected in one of the samples in which bisphenol A also was detected.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds663","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency","usgsCitation":"Erickson, M., 2012, Steroidal hormones and other endocrine active compounds in shallow groundwater in nonagricultural areas of Minnesota&mdash;Study design, methods, and data, 2009&ndash;10: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 663, vi, 9 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds663.","productDescription":"vi, 9 p.; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2009-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_663.jpg"},{"id":115681,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/663/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.25,43 ], [ -97.25,50 ], [ -89,50 ], [ -89,43 ], [ -97.25,43 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b983ae4b08c986b31befc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erickson, Melinda L. 0000-0002-1117-2866 merickso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1117-2866","contributorId":3671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Melinda L.","email":"merickso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70007182,"text":"sir20115224 - 2012 - Base flow (1966-2009) and streamflow gain and loss (2010) of the Brazos River from the New Mexico-Texas State line to Waco, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-08T09:26:15","indexId":"sir20115224","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-18T11:48:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5224","title":"Base flow (1966-2009) and streamflow gain and loss (2010) of the Brazos River from the New Mexico-Texas State line to Waco, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>During 2010&ndash;11, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Texas Water Development Board, used hydrograph separation to quantify historical base flow at 11 USGS streamflow-gaging stations between water years 1966&ndash;2009 and streamflow gains and losses from two sets of synoptic measurements of streamflow and specific conductance (the first in June 2010, followed by another set in October 2010) in the upper Brazos River Basin from the New Mexico&ndash;Texas State line to Waco, Texas. The following subbasins compose the study area: Salt Fork Brazos River Basin, Double Mountain Fork Brazos River Basin, Clear Fork Brazos River Basin, North Bosque River Basin, and the Brazos River Basin (main stem) (including its tributaries). Base-flow analysis was done using historical streamflow data from 11 USGS streamflow-gaging stations in the upper Brazos River Basin to compute yearly base-flow indexes (base flow divided by total streamflow) for each station. The base-flow index was used to indicate the fraction of flow consisting of base flow on an annual basis for the period of record evaluated at each streamflow-gaging station. At nine stations there were long-term streamflow data from water years 1966&ndash;2009 (October 1965 through September 2009); at two stations slightly shorter periods of record (water years 1967&ndash;2009 and 1969&ndash;2009) were available. The median base-flow indexes were 0.16 and 0.15 at USGS streamflow-gaging stations 08082000 Salt Fork Brazos River near Aspermont, Tex., and 08080500 Double Mountain Fork Brazos River near Aspermont, Tex., respectively. The amount of the total streamflow consisting of base flow was larger at sites in the Clear Fork Brazos River Basin compared to sites in the Salt Fork Brazos River Basin or Double Mountain Fork Brazos River Basin; at USGS streamflow-gaging stations 08084000 Clear Fork Brazos River at Nugent, Tex., and at 08085500 Clear Fork Brazos River at Fort Griffin, Tex., the median base-flow indexes were 0.28 and 0.23, respectively. The largest median base-flow index for any station was 0.35 at USGS streamflow-gaging station 08091500 Paluxy River at Glen Rose, Tex. The second largest base-flow index was 0.30 at USGS streamflow-gaging station 08095000 North Bosque River near Clifton, Tex. Median base-flow indexes on the main stem of the Brazos River upstream from Possum Kingdom Lake were 0.22 at USGS streamflow-gaging station 08082500 Brazos River at Seymour, Tex., and 0.24 at USGS streamflow-gaging station 08088000 Brazos River near South Bend, Tex. The base-flow indexes for stations between Possum Kingdom Lake and Lake Granbury were 0.19 and 0.27 at USGS streamflow-gaging stations 08089000 Brazos River near Palo Pinto, Tex., and 08090800 Brazos River near Dennis, Tex., respectively. A median base-flow index of 0.19 was also measured at USGS streamflow-gaging station 08091000 Brazos River near Glen Rose, Tex., located between Lake Granbury and Lake Whitney. A Mann-Kendall trend analysis test was performed on annual base-flow index values from each of the 11 streamflow records that were analyzed. Upward trends in base-flow index values indicating increasing flows during the study period were found for USGS streamflow-gaging stations 08080500 Double Mountain Fork Brazos River near Aspermont, Tex., 08089000 Brazos River near Palo Pinto, Tex., and 08090800 Brazos River near Dennis, Tex. Flows at these three streamflow-gaging stations are regulated by reservoir releases, and additional analyses are needed before these streamflow trends can be characterized as indicative of changes in base flow over time.</p>\n<p>Streamflow was measured at 66 sites from June 6&ndash;9, 2010, and at 68 sites from October 16&ndash;19, 2010, to identify reaches in the upper Brazos River Basin that were gaining or losing streamflow. Gaining reaches were identified in each of the five subbasins. The gaining reach in the Salt Fork Brazos River Basin began at USGS streamflow-gaging station 08080940 Salt Fork Brazos River at State Highway 208 near Clairemont, Tex. (site SF&ndash;6), upstream from where Duck Creek flows into the Salt Fork Brazos River and continued downstream past USGS streamflow-gaging station 08082000 Salt Fork Brazos River near Aspermont, Tex. (site SF&ndash;9), to the outlet of the basin. In the Double Mountain Fork Brazos River Basin, a gaining reach from near Post, Tex., downstream to the outlet of the basin was identified. Two gaining reaches were identified in the Clear Fork Brazos River Basin&mdash;one from near Roby, Tex., downstream to near Noodle, Tex., and second from Hawley, Tex., downstream to Nugent, Tex. Most of the North Bosque River was characterized as gaining streamflow. Streamflow gains were identified in the main stem of the Brazos River from where the Brazos River main stem forms at the confluence of the Salt Fork Brazos River and Double Mountain Fork Brazos River near Knox City, Tex., downstream to near Seymour, Tex.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115224","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas Water Development Board","usgsCitation":"Baldys, S., and Schalla, F.E., 2012, Base flow (1966-2009) and streamflow gain and loss (2010) of the Brazos River from the New Mexico-Texas State line to Waco, Texas (Version 1.0: Originally posted January 23, 2012; Version 1.1: June 27, 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5224, viii, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115224.","productDescription":"viii, 53 p.","numberOfPages":"65","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1965-10-01","temporalEnd":"2010-10-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116374,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20115224.png"},{"id":115680,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5224/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":325026,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5224/report/SIR2011-5224.pdf"},{"id":325027,"rank":102,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5224/versionHist.txt"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Brazos River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -103.75,31.25 ], [ -103.75,34.666666666666664 ], [ -97.16666666666667,34.666666666666664 ], [ -97.16666666666667,31.25 ], [ -103.75,31.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted January 23, 2012; Version 1.1: June 27, 2016","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059efc7e4b0c8380cd4a450","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldys, Stanley sbaldys@usgs.gov","contributorId":3366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldys","given":"Stanley","email":"sbaldys@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":356028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schalla, Frank E.","contributorId":71449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schalla","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007140,"text":"fs20123006 - 2012 - Monitoring floods and fires during the summer of 2011--The value of the Landsat satellite 40-year archives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:01","indexId":"fs20123006","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3006","title":"Monitoring floods and fires during the summer of 2011--The value of the Landsat satellite 40-year archives","docAbstract":"The summer of 2011 proved to be a season of extreme events. Heavy snowfall in the western mountains and excessive spring rains caused flooding along the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers; whereas extended dry conditions enabled fires to rage out of control from Alaska and Canada, south to Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, Georgia, and Mexico. The Landsat archive holds nearly 40 years of continuous global earth observation data. Landsat data are used by emergency responders to monitor change and damage caused by natural and man-made disasters. Decision makers rely on Landsat as they create plans for future environmental concerns.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123006","collaboration":"N","usgsCitation":"Owen, L., 2012, Monitoring floods and fires during the summer of 2011--The value of the Landsat satellite 40-year archives: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3006, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123006.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"2","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3006.jpg"},{"id":112504,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3006/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"North America","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5da7e4b0c8380cd704ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Owen, Linda 0000-0002-1734-5406 jonescheit@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1734-5406","contributorId":478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owen","given":"Linda","email":"jonescheit@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70007123,"text":"ds626 - 2012 - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center's Core Archive Portal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:02","indexId":"ds626","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"626","title":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center's Core Archive Portal","docAbstract":"This Web site contains information on rock cores archived at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC). Archived cores consist of 3- to 4-inch-diameter coral cores, 1- to 2-inch-diameter rock cores, and a few unlabeled loose coral and rock samples. This document - and specifically the archive Web site portal - is intended to be a 'living' document that will be updated continually as additional cores are collected and archived. This document may also contain future references and links to a catalog of sediment cores. Sediment cores will include vibracores, pushcores, and other loose sediment samples collected for research purposes.  This document will: (1) serve as a database for locating core material currently archived at the USGS SPCMSC facility; (2) provide a protocol for entry of new core material into the archive system; and, (3) set the procedures necessary for checking out core material for scientific purposes. Core material may be loaned to other governmental agencies, academia, or non-governmental organizations at the discretion of the USGS SPCMSC curator.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds626","collaboration":"Jacobs Technology, Eckerd College, University of South Florida","usgsCitation":"Reich, C., Streubert, M., Dwyer, B., Godbout, M., Muslic, A., and Umberger, D., 2012, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center's Core Archive Portal: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 626, HTML Document, Core Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds626.","productDescription":"HTML Document, Core Database","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438818,"rank":201,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9X3XFIN","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"The USGS SPCMSC Geologic Core and Sample Database"},{"id":116697,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_626.png"},{"id":112484,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/626/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9648e4b08c986b31b3f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reich, Chris","contributorId":27953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Streubert, Matt","contributorId":39508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Streubert","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dwyer, Brendan","contributorId":94776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"Brendan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Godbout, Meg","contributorId":79221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godbout","given":"Meg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Muslic, Adis","contributorId":80809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muslic","given":"Adis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Umberger, Dan","contributorId":7832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Umberger","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70007094,"text":"70007094 - 2012 - Spatial patterns and temporal trends in mercury concentrations, precipitation depths, and mercury wet deposition in the North American Great Lakes region, 2002-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-11T15:18:01","indexId":"70007094","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial patterns and temporal trends in mercury concentrations, precipitation depths, and mercury wet deposition in the North American Great Lakes region, 2002-2008","docAbstract":"Annual and weekly mercury (Hg) concentrations, precipitation depths, and Hg wet deposition in the Great Lakes region were analyzed by using data from 5 monitoring networks in the USA and Canada for a 2002-2008 study period. High-resolution maps of calculated annual data, 7-year mean data, and net interannual change for the study period were prepared to assess spatial patterns. Areas with 7-year mean annual Hg concentrations higher than the 12 ng per liter water-quality criterion were mapped in 4 states. Temporal trends in measured weekly data were determined statistically. Monitoring sites with significant 7-year trends in weekly Hg wet deposition were spatially separated and were not sites with trends in weekly Hg concentration. During 2002-2008, Hg wet deposition was found to be unchanged in the Great Lakes region and its subregions. Any small decreases in Hg concentration apparently were offset by increases in precipitation.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2011.05.030","usgsCitation":"Risch, M.R., Gay, D., Fowler, K.K., Keeler, G.J., Backus, S., Blanchard, P., Barres, J.A., and Dvonch, J.T., 2012, Spatial patterns and temporal trends in mercury concentrations, precipitation depths, and mercury wet deposition in the North American Great Lakes region, 2002-2008: Environmental Pollution, v. 161, p. 261-271, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.05.030.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"271","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":112462,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.05.030","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes Region","volume":"161","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9495e4b08c986b31ab8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Risch, Martin R. 0000-0002-7908-7887 mrrisch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7908-7887","contributorId":2118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risch","given":"Martin","email":"mrrisch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gay, David A.","contributorId":68022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gay","given":"David A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fowler, Kathleen K. 0000-0002-0107-3848 kkfowler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0107-3848","contributorId":2439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fowler","given":"Kathleen","email":"kkfowler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keeler, Gerard J.","contributorId":49918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeler","given":"Gerard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Backus, Sean M.","contributorId":31335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Backus","given":"Sean M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blanchard, Pierrette","contributorId":8981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanchard","given":"Pierrette","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Barres, James A.","contributorId":43488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barres","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dvonch, J. Timothy","contributorId":16968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dvonch","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Timothy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70046842,"text":"70046842 - 2012 - Evidence from 12-year study links ecosystem changes in the Gulf of Maine with climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-14T11:58:56","indexId":"70046842","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-11T11:50:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1444,"text":"EcoSystem Indicator Partnership Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence from 12-year study links ecosystem changes in the Gulf of Maine with climate change","docAbstract":"Investigators at the Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences (East Boothbay, Maine) and the U.S. Geological Survey collaborated to study ecosystem changes in the Gulf of Maine.  As part of the Gulf of Maine North Atlantic Time Series (GNATS), a comprehensive long-term study of hydrographic, biological, optical and chemical properties, multiple cruises have been conducted each year since 2001 by using a portable laboratory aboard different vessels (figure 1) and occasionally a remotely controlled glider (figure 2). Data collected during these cruises, when analyzed within the context of a century of climatological and streamflow data, document changes in temperature, salinity, and coastal ocean productivity that appear to be related to recent increases in precipitation and streamflow.  These results are evidence of a link between changing hydrologic conditions on land and changes in coastal ocean productivity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"EcoSystem Indicator Partnership Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"EcoSystem Indicator Partnership","usgsCitation":"Aiken, G.R., Huntington, T.G., Balch, W., Drapeau, D., and Bowler, B., 2012, Evidence from 12-year study links ecosystem changes in the Gulf of Maine with climate change: EcoSystem Indicator Partnership Journal, no. July-August 2012.","ipdsId":"IP-038464","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281001,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280996,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.gulfofmaine.org/2/esip-monthly-journals/2012-07-08/"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Maine","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -70.65,41.98 ], [ -70.65,44.57 ], [ -66.04,44.57 ], [ -66.04,41.98 ], [ -70.65,41.98 ] ] ] } } ] }","issue":"July-August 2012","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd589fe4b0b290850f834a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huntington, Thomas G. 0000-0002-9427-3530 thunting@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-3530","contributorId":1884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"Thomas","email":"thunting@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Balch, William","contributorId":65380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balch","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drapeau, David","contributorId":30136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drapeau","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bowler, Bruce","contributorId":92169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowler","given":"Bruce","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70007112,"text":"gip136 - 2012 - EarthExplorer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-19T10:18:02","indexId":"gip136","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":315,"text":"General Information Product","code":"GIP","onlineIssn":"2332-354X","printIssn":"2332-3531","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"136","title":"EarthExplorer","docAbstract":"The EarthExplorer trifold provides basic information for on-line access to remotely-sensed data from the U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center archive. The EarthExplorer (http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/) client/server interface allows users to search and download aerial photography, satellite data, elevation data, land-cover products, and digitized maps. Minimum computer system requirements and customer service contact information also are included in the brochure.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip136","usgsCitation":"Houska, T., 2012, EarthExplorer: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 136, 2 p.; 11 inches x 8.50 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/gip136.","productDescription":"2 p.; 11 inches x 8.50 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116768,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/gip_136.jpg"},{"id":112458,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/136/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":279160,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/136/pdf/gip136.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a049ee4b0c8380cd50ab0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houska, Treva 0000-0002-4358-6131 thouska@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4358-6131","contributorId":4473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houska","given":"Treva","email":"thouska@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70007098,"text":"fs20123005 - 2012 - Watershed modeling applications in south Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-08T09:29:11","indexId":"fs20123005","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3005","title":"Watershed modeling applications in south Texas","docAbstract":"<p>Watershed models can be used to simulate natural and human-altered processes including the flow of water and associated transport of sediment, chemicals, nutrients, and microbial organisms within a watershed. Simulation of these processes is useful for addressing a wide range of water-resource challenges, such as quantifying changes in water availability over time, understanding the effects of development and land-use changes on water resources, quantifying changes in constituent loads and yields over time, and quantifying aquifer recharge temporally and spatially throughout a watershed.</p>\n<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with State and Federal agency partners, developed simulation models for several watersheds in south Texas. These models provide the capability to simulate scenarios of possible future conditions and management alternatives to help water-resource professionals with planning decisions. The program used for creating these Texas watershed models is the Hydrological Simulation Program - FORTRAN (HSPF). HSPF is one of the most comprehensive watershed modeling programs because it can simulate a variety of stream and watershed conditions with reasonable accuracy and enables flexibility in adjusting the model to simulate alternative conditions or scenarios. The HSPF model provides time-series data simulating water movement (runoff from land surfaces, infiltration of water through soil layers, flow in stream channels) and water-quality parameter values and constituent concentrations associated with the water movement at any selected location in the watershed. Time-series outputs from an HSPF simulation are continuous (for example, hourly or daily). Continuous models provide the advantage of simulating watershed processes for a full range of streamflow conditions. Continuous models can illustrate how processes that appreciably affect water-quality conditions during low flows might have relatively minor effects on water-quality conditions during high flows.</p>\n<p>This fact sheet presents an overview of six selected watershed modeling studies by the USGS and partners that address a variety of water-resource issues in south Texas. These studies provide examples of modeling applications and demonstrate the usefulness and versatility of watershed models in aiding the understanding of hydrologic systems.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123005","usgsCitation":"Pedraza, D.E., and Ockerman, D.J., 2012, Watershed modeling applications in south Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3005, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123005.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3005.gif"},{"id":112455,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3005/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, zone 14","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -101,25.75 ], [ -101,30.25 ], [ -96,30.25 ], [ -96,25.75 ], [ -101,25.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcf76e4b08c986b32e8ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pedraza, Diana E. 0000-0003-4483-8094 dpedraza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4483-8094","contributorId":1281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pedraza","given":"Diana","email":"dpedraza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ockerman, Darwin J. 0000-0003-1958-1688 ockerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1958-1688","contributorId":1579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ockerman","given":"Darwin","email":"ockerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039148,"text":"ofr20121105 - 2012 - Mapping argillic and advanced argillic alteration in volcanic rocks, quartzites, and quartz arenites in the western Richfield 1&deg; x 2 &deg; quadrangle, southwestern Utah, using ASTER satellite data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-24T01:01:47","indexId":"ofr20121105","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1105","title":"Mapping argillic and advanced argillic alteration in volcanic rocks, quartzites, and quartz arenites in the western Richfield 1&deg; x 2 &deg; quadrangle, southwestern Utah, using ASTER satellite data","docAbstract":"The Richfield quadrangle in southwestern Utah is known to contain a variety of porphyry Mo, skarn, polymetallic replacement and vein, alunite, and kaolin resources associated with 27-32 Ma calc-alkaline or 12-23 Ma bimodal volcano-plutonic centers in Neoproterozoic to Mesozoic carbonate and siliciclastic rocks. Four scenes of visible to shortwave-infrared image data acquired by the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) sensor were analyzed to generate maps of exposed clay, sulfate, mica, and carbonate minerals, and ASTER thermal infrared data were analyzed to identify quartz and carbonate minerals. Argillic and advanced argillic alteration minerals including alunite, pyrophyllite, dickite, and kaolinite were identified in both undocumented (U) and known (K) areas, including in the southern Paradise Mtns. (U); in calc-alkaline volcanic rocks in the Wah Wah Mtns. between Broken Ridge and the NG area (U/K); at Wah Wah Summit in a small zone adjacent to 33.1 Ma diorite and marble (U); in fractures cutting quartzites surrounding the 20-22 Ma Pine Grove Mo deposit (U); in volcanic rocks in the Shauntie Hills (U/K); in quartzites in the west-central San Francisco Mtns. (U); in volcanic rocks in the Black Mtns. (K); and in mainly 12-13 Ma rhyolitic rocks along a 20 km E-W belt that includes the Bible Spring fault zone west of Broken Ridge, with several small centers in the Escalante Desert to the south (U/K). Argillized Navajo Sandstone with kaolinite and (or) dickite &plusmn; alunite was mapped adjacent to calc-alkaline intrusions in the Star Range (U). Intense quartz-sericite alteration (K) with local kaolinite was identified in andesite adjacent to calc-alkaline intrusions in the Beaver Lake Mountains. Mo-bearing phyllic alteration was identified in 22.2 Ma rhyolite plugs at the center of the NG alunite area. Limestones, dolomites, and marbles were differentiated, and quartz and sericite were identified in most unaltered quartzites. Halos of argillically-altered rock &#8776;12 km in diameter surround the Pine Grove deposit, the central rhyolites at NG, and the North Peaks just south of the Bible Spring fault zone. A southward shift from 22-23 Ma alunite at NG in the northeast to the 12-13 Ma alunite near Broken Ridge in the southwest mirrors a shift in the locus of bimodal magmatism and is similar to the southward shift of activity from the Antelope Range to Alunite Ridge (porphyry Mo potential) in the Marysvale volcanic field farther east. The poster provided in this report compares mineral maps generated from analysis of combined visible-near infrared (VNIR) and shortwave-infrared (SWIR) data and thermal infrared (TIR) ASTER data to a previously published regional geologic map. Such comparisons are used to identify and differentiate rock-forming and hydrothermal alteration-related minerals, which aids in lithologic mapping and alteration characterization over an 11,245 square kilometer area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121105","usgsCitation":"Rockwell, B.W., and Hofstra, A.H., 2012, Mapping argillic and advanced argillic alteration in volcanic rocks, quartzites, and quartz arenites in the western Richfield 1&deg; x 2 &deg; quadrangle, southwestern Utah, using ASTER satellite data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1105, Report: iii, 5 p.; Poster (Low Resolution): 90.10 inches x 44.10 inches; Poster (High Resolution): 90.10 inches x 44.10 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121105.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 5 p.; Poster (Low Resolution): 90.10 inches x 44.10 inches; Poster (High Resolution): 90.10 inches x 44.10 inches; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259062,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1105.jpg"},{"id":259061,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1105/OFR_2012-1105_poster_lossless.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259059,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1105/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":259060,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1105/OF2012-1105_text.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"175000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 12 North","datum":"Datum: North American Datum 1927","country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114,38 ], [ -114,39 ], [ -112,39 ], [ -112,38 ], [ -114,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5052e4b0c8380cd6b5e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rockwell, Barnaby W. 0000-0002-9549-0617 barnabyr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9549-0617","contributorId":2195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rockwell","given":"Barnaby","email":"barnabyr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hofstra, Albert H. 0000-0002-2450-1593 ahofstra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":1302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"Albert","email":"ahofstra@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70046796,"text":"70046796 - 2012 - Preliminary evaluation of the shale gas prospectivity of the Lower Cretaceous Pearsall Formation in the onshore Gulf Coast region, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-06T10:36:16","indexId":"70046796","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-06T10:16:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1871,"text":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preliminary evaluation of the shale gas prospectivity of the Lower Cretaceous Pearsall Formation in the onshore Gulf Coast region, United States","docAbstract":"Recent work by the U.S. Geological Survey indicated that the Lower Cretaceous Pearsall Formation contains an estimated mean undiscovered, technically recoverable unconventional gas resource of 8.8 trillion cubic ft in the Maverick Basin, South Texas. Cumulative gas production from horizontal wells in the core area of the emerging play has exceeded 5 billion cubic ft since 2008. However, very little information is available to characterize the Pearsall Formation as an unconventional gas resource beyond the Maverick Basin in the greater Gulf Coast region. Therefore, this reconnaissance study examines spatial distribution, thickness, organic richness and thermal maturity of the Pearsall Formation in the onshore U.S. Gulf states using wireline logs and drill cuttings sample analysis. Spontaneous potential and resistivity curves of approximately forty wireline logs from wells in five Gulf Coast states were correlated to ascertain the thickness of the Pearsall Formation and delineate its three members: Pine Island Shale, James Limestone or Cow Creek Limestone, and Bexar Shale, in ascending stratigraphic order. In Florida and Alabama the Pearsall Formation is up to about 300 ft thick; in Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, and East Texas, thickness is up to as much as 800 ft. Drill cuttings sampled from 11 wells at depths ranging from 4600 to 19,600 feet subsurface indicate increasingly oxygenated depositional environments (predominance of red shale) towards the eastern part of the basin. Cuttings vary widely in lithology but indicate interbedded clastics and limestones throughout the Pearsall Formation, consistent with previous regional studies. Organic petrographic and geochemical analyses of 17 cutting samples in the Pearsall Formation indicate a wide range in thermal maturity, from immature (0.43% Ro [vitrinite reflectance]) in paleo-high structural locations to the peak oil window (0.99% Ro) in the eastern portion of the Gulf Coast Basin. This is in contrast to dry gas thermal maturity throughout the Pearsall Formation in the South Texas Maverick Basin. Organic carbon content is low overall, even in immature samples, with a range of 0.17 to 1.08 wt.% by Leco in 22 Pearsall Formation samples. The pyrolysis output range was 0.23 to 2.33 mg hydrocarbon/g rock. The thermal maturity and Rock-Eval pyrolysis data and organic petrologic observations from this study will be used to better focus specific areas of investigation where the Pearsall Formation may be prospective as an unconventional hydrocarbon source and reservoir.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies","usgsCitation":"Enomoto, C.B., Scott, K., Valentine, B.J., Hackley, P.C., Dennen, K., and Lohr, C., 2012, Preliminary evaluation of the shale gas prospectivity of the Lower Cretaceous Pearsall Formation in the onshore Gulf Coast region, United States: Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 62, p. 93-115.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"115","numberOfPages":"23","ipdsId":"IP-037325","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276102,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama;Arkansas;Louisiana;Mississippi;Oklahoma;Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.5,29.44 ], [ -100.5,34.45 ], [ -85.43,34.45 ], [ -85.43,29.44 ], [ -100.5,29.44 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"62","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52021ae7e4b0e21cafa49c80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Enomoto, Catherine B. 0000-0002-4119-1953 cenomoto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-1953","contributorId":2126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enomoto","given":"Catherine","email":"cenomoto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, Kristina","contributorId":91392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Kristina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Valentine, Brett J. 0000-0002-8678-2431 bvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8678-2431","contributorId":3846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Brett","email":"bvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dennen, Kristin","contributorId":39056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dennen","given":"Kristin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lohr, Celeste D. 0000-0001-6287-9047 clohr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6287-9047","contributorId":3866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohr","given":"Celeste D.","email":"clohr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70005475,"text":"70005475 - 2012 - Relationship between fish size and upper thermal tolerance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-05T11:56:35","indexId":"70005475","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-05T11:40:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationship between fish size and upper thermal tolerance","docAbstract":"Using critical thermal maximum (CTMax) tests, we examined the relationship between upper temperature tolerances and fish size (fry-adult or subadult lengths) of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (41-200-mm TL), Apache trout O. gilae apache (40-220-mm TL), largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides (72-266-mm TL), Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (35-206-mm TL), channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (62-264 mm-TL), and Rio Grande cutthroat trout O. clarkii virginalis (36-181-mm TL). Rainbow trout and Apache trout were acclimated at 18°C, Rio Grande cutthroat trout were acclimated at 14°C, and Nile tilapia, largemouth bass, and channel catfish were acclimated at 25°C, all for 14 d. Critical thermal maximum temperatures were estimated and data were analyzed using simple linear regression. There was no significant relationship (P > 0.05) between thermal tolerance and length for Nile tilapia (P = 0.33), channel catfish (P = 0.55), rainbow trout (P = 0.76), or largemouth bass (P = 0.93) for the length ranges we tested. There was a significant negative relationship between thermal tolerance and length for Rio Grande cutthroat trout (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.412, P < 0.001) and Apache trout (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.1374, P = 0.028); however, the difference was less than 1°C across all lengths of Apache trout tested and about 1.3°C across all lengths of Rio Grande cutthroat trout tested. Because there was either no or at most a slight relationship between upper thermal tolerance and size, management and research decisions based on upper thermal tolerance should be similar for the range of sizes within each species we tested. However, the different sizes we tested only encompassed life stages ranging from fry to adult/subadult, so thermal tolerance of eggs, alevins, and larger adults should also be considered before making management decisions affecting an entire species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2012.694830","usgsCitation":"Recsetar, M.S., Zeigler, M., Ward, D.L., Bonar, S.A., and Caldwell, C.A., 2012, Relationship between fish size and upper thermal tolerance: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 141, no. 6, p. 1433-1438, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2012.694830.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1433","endPage":"1438","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-030903","costCenters":[{"id":204,"text":"Cooperative Research Unit Seattle","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276029,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276025,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2012.694830"}],"volume":"141","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200c967e4b009d47a4c23c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Recsetar, Matthew S.","contributorId":67395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Recsetar","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zeigler, Matthew P.","contributorId":44401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeigler","given":"Matthew P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ward, David L. 0000-0002-3355-0637 dlward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3355-0637","contributorId":3879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dlward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bonar, Scott A. 0000-0003-3532-4067 sbonar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4067","contributorId":3712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"sbonar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Caldwell, Colleen A. 0000-0002-4730-4867 ccaldwel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4730-4867","contributorId":3050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Colleen","email":"ccaldwel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70118144,"text":"70118144 - 2012 - Divergence in morphology, but not habitat use, despite low genetic differentiation among insular populations of the lizard Anolis lemurinus in Honduras","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-24T15:23:53.252654","indexId":"70118144","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T16:41:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2487,"text":"Journal of Tropical Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Divergence in morphology, but not habitat use, despite low genetic differentiation among insular populations of the lizard <i>Anolis lemurinus</i> in Honduras","title":"Divergence in morphology, but not habitat use, despite low genetic differentiation among insular populations of the lizard Anolis lemurinus in Honduras","docAbstract":"<p><span>Studies of recently isolated populations are useful because observed differences can often be attributed to current environmental variation. Two populations of the lizard&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">Anolis lemurinus</span></i><span>&nbsp;have been isolated on the islands of Cayo Menor and Cayo Mayor in the Cayos Cochinos Archipelago of Honduras for less than 15 000 y. We measured 12 morphometric and 10 habitat-use variables on 220 lizards across these islands in 2 y, 2008 and 2009. The goals of our study were (1) to explore patterns of sexual dimorphism, and (2) to test the hypothesis that differences in environment among islands may have driven divergence in morphology and habitat use despite genetic homogeneity among populations. Although we found no differences among sexes in habitat use, males had narrower pelvic girdles and longer toe pads on both islands. Between islands, males differed in morphology, but neither males nor females differed in habitat use. Our data suggest that either recent selection has operated differentially on males despite low genetic differentiation, or that they display phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental variation. We suggest that patterns may be driven by variation in intrapopulation density or differences in predator diversity among islands.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Ecology","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, England","doi":"10.1017/S0266467411000745","usgsCitation":"Logan, M.L., Montgomery, C.E., Boback, S.M., Reed, R., and Campbell, J.A., 2012, Divergence in morphology, but not habitat use, despite low genetic differentiation among insular populations of the lizard Anolis lemurinus in Honduras: Journal of Tropical Ecology, v. 28, no. 2, p. 215-222, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467411000745.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-025669","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291073,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Honduras","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-87.31665,12.98469],[-87.48941,13.29753],[-87.79311,13.38448],[-87.7235,13.78505],[-87.85952,13.89331],[-88.06534,13.96463],[-88.504,13.84549],[-88.54123,13.98015],[-88.84307,14.14051],[-89.05851,14.34003],[-89.35333,14.42413],[-89.14554,14.67802],[-89.22522,14.87429],[-89.15481,15.06642],[-88.68068,15.34625],[-88.22502,15.72772],[-88.12115,15.68866],[-87.90181,15.86446],[-87.61568,15.8788],[-87.52292,15.79728],[-87.36776,15.84694],[-86.90319,15.75671],[-86.44095,15.78284],[-86.11923,15.89345],[-86.00195,16.00541],[-85.68332,15.95365],[-85.444,15.88575],[-85.18244,15.90916],[-84.98372,15.99592],[-84.52698,15.85722],[-84.36826,15.83516],[-84.06305,15.64824],[-83.77398,15.42407],[-83.41038,15.2709],[-83.14722,14.99583],[-83.48999,15.01627],[-83.62858,14.88007],[-83.97572,14.74944],[-84.22834,14.74876],[-84.44934,14.62161],[-84.64958,14.66681],[-84.82004,14.81959],[-84.9245,14.79049],[-85.05279,14.55154],[-85.14875,14.5602],[-85.16536,14.35437],[-85.51441,14.07901],[-85.69867,13.96008],[-85.80129,13.83605],[-86.09626,14.03819],[-86.31214,13.77136],[-86.52071,13.77849],[-86.75509,13.75485],[-86.73382,13.26309],[-86.88056,13.2542],[-87.00577,13.02579],[-87.31665,12.98469]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Honduras\"}}]}","volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f545e4b0bc0bec0a1533","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Logan, M. L.","contributorId":51215,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Logan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Montgomery, Chad E.","contributorId":95699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Montgomery","given":"Chad","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boback, Scott M.","contributorId":69370,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boback","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reed, Robert 0000-0001-8349-6168 reedr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-6168","contributorId":152301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Robert","email":"reedr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Campbell, J. A.","contributorId":25941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70118142,"text":"70118142 - 2012 - Where eagles nest, the wind also blows: consolidating habitat and energy needs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-25T16:33:49","indexId":"70118142","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T16:32:30","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Where eagles nest, the wind also blows: consolidating habitat and energy needs","docAbstract":"Energy development is rapidly escalating in resource-rich Wyoming, and with it the risks posed to raptor populations. These risks are of increasing concern to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, which is responsible for protecting the persistence of protected species, including raptors. In support of a Federal mandate to protect trust species and the wind energy industry’s need to find suitable sites on which to build wind farms, scientists at the USGS Fort Collins Science Center (FORT) and their partners are conducting research to help reduce impacts to raptor species from wind energy operations. Potential impacts include collision with the turbine blades and habitat disruption and disturbance from construction and operations. This feature describes a science-based tool—a quantitative predictive model—being developed and tested by FORT scientists to potentially avoid or reduce such impacts. This tool will provide industry and resource managers with the biological basis for decisions related to sustainably siting wind turbines in a way that also conserves important habitats for nesting golden eagles. Because of the availability of comprehensive data on nesting sites, golden eagles in Wyoming are the prototype species (and location) for the first phase of this investigation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Tack, J., and Wilson, J., 2012, Where eagles nest, the wind also blows: consolidating habitat and energy needs, 1 p.","productDescription":"1 p.","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291069,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f545e4b0bc0bec0a1535","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tack, J.","contributorId":91712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tack","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Jim","contributorId":10503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Jim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70118134,"text":"70118134 - 2012 - Assessing long-term variations in sagebrush habitat: characterization of spatial extents and distribution patterns using multi-temporal satellite remote-sensing data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T15:07:51","indexId":"70118134","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T16:16:11","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing long-term variations in sagebrush habitat: characterization of spatial extents and distribution patterns using multi-temporal satellite remote-sensing data","docAbstract":"<p><span>An approach that can generate sagebrush habitat change estimates for monitoring large-area sagebrush ecosystems has been developed and tested in southwestern Wyoming, USA. This prototype method uses a satellite-based image change detection algorithm and regression models to estimate sub-pixel percentage cover for five sagebrush habitat components: bare ground, herbaceous, litter, sagebrush and shrub. Landsat images from three different months in 1988, 1996 and 2006 were selected to identify potential landscape change during these time periods using change vector (CV) analysis incorporated with an image normalization algorithm. Regression tree (RT) models were used to estimate percentage cover for five components on all change areas identified in 1988 and 1996, using unchanged 2006 baseline data as training for both estimates. Over the entire study area (24 950 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>), a net increase of 98.83 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>, or 0.7%, for bare ground was measured between 1988 and 2006. Over the same period, the other four components had net losses of 20.17 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>, or 0.6%, for herbaceous vegetation; 30.16 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>, or 0.7%, for litter; 32.81 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>, or 1.5%, for sagebrush; and 33.34 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>, or 1.2%, for shrubs. The overall accuracy for shrub vegetation change between 1988 and 2006 was 89.56%. Change patterns within sagebrush habitat components differ spatially and quantitatively from each other, potentially indicating unique responses by these components to disturbances imposed upon them.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"London, England","doi":"10.1080/01431161.2011.605085","usgsCitation":"Xian, G., Homer, C.G., and Aldridge, C.L., 2012, Assessing long-term variations in sagebrush habitat: characterization of spatial extents and distribution patterns using multi-temporal satellite remote-sensing data: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 33, no. 7, p. 2034-2058, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2011.605085.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"2034","endPage":"2058","numberOfPages":"25","ipdsId":"IP-021130","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291062,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2011.605085"},{"id":291063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f545e4b0bc0bec0a153d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xian, George 0000-0001-5674-2204","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5674-2204","contributorId":76589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xian","given":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Homer, Collin G. 0000-0003-4755-8135 homer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-8135","contributorId":2262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Homer","given":"Collin","email":"homer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aldridge, Cameron L. 0000-0003-3926-6941 aldridgec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-6941","contributorId":191773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Cameron","email":"aldridgec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":496425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70118375,"text":"70118375 - 2012 - Competition favors elk over beaver in a riparian willow ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T19:55:51.154407","indexId":"70118375","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T15:43:34","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Competition favors elk over beaver in a riparian willow ecosystem","docAbstract":"<div class=\"nova-e-text nova-e-text--size-m nova-e-text--family-sans-serif nova-e-text--spacing-none nova-e-text--color-grey-800 research-detail-middle-section__abstract\">Beaver (Castor spp.) conservation requires an understanding of their complex interactions with competing herbivores. Simulation modeling offers a controlled environment to examine long-term dynamics in ecosystems driven by uncontrollable variables. We used a new version of the SAVANNA ecosystem model to investigate beaver (C. canadensis) and elk (Cervus elaphus) competition for willow (Salix spp.). We initialized the model with field data from Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA, to simulate a 4-ha riparian ecosystem containing beaver, elk, and willow. We found beaver persisted indefinitely when elk density was &lt;= 20 elk km (2). Beaver persistence decreased exponentially as elk density increased from 30 to 60 elk km(2), which suggests the presence of an ecological threshold. The interaction of beaver and elk herbivory shifted the size distribution of willow plants from tall to short when elk densities were &gt;= 30 elk km (2). The loss of tall willow preceded rapid beaver declines, thus willow condition may predict beaver population trajectory in natural environments. Beaver were able to persist with slightly higher elk densities if beaver alternated their use of foraging sites in a rest-rotation pattern rather than maintained continuous use. Thus, we found asymmetrical competition for willow strongly favored elk over beaver in a simulated montane ecosystem. Finally, we discuss application of the SAVANNA model and mechanisms of competition relative to beaver persistence as metapopulations, ecological resistance and alternative state models, and ecosystem regulation.</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/ES12-00058.1","usgsCitation":"Baker, B., Peinetti, H., Coughenour, M., and Johnson, T.L., 2012, Competition favors elk over beaver in a riparian willow ecosystem: Ecosphere, v. 3, no. 11, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1890/ES12-00058.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488978,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/es12-00058.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381738,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f546e4b0bc0bec0a1543","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, B.W.","contributorId":18707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"B.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peinetti, H.R.","contributorId":38115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peinetti","given":"H.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coughenour, M.C.","contributorId":71900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coughenour","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, T. L.","contributorId":91062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70124415,"text":"70124415 - 2012 - Translocation as a conservation tool for Agassiz's desert tortoises: survivorship, reproduction, and movements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-12T15:22:11","indexId":"70124415","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T15:20:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Translocation as a conservation tool for Agassiz's desert tortoises: survivorship, reproduction, and movements","docAbstract":"We translocated 120 Agassiz's desert tortoises to 5 sites in Nevada and Utah to evaluate the effects of translocation on tortoise survivorship, reproduction, and habitat use. Translocation sites included several elevations, and extended to sites with vegetation assemblages not typically associated with desert tortoises in order to explore the possibility of moving animals to upper elevation areas. We measured survivorship, reproduction, and movements of translocated and resident animals at each site. Survivorship was not significantly different between translocated and resident animals within and among sites, and survivorship was greater overall during non-drought years. The number of eggs produced by tortoises was similar for translocated and resident females, but differed among sites. Animals translocated to atypical habitat generally moved until they reached vegetation communities more typical of desert tortoise habitat. Even within typical tortoise habitat, tortoises tended to move greater distances in the first year after translocation than did residents, but their movements in the second or third year after translocation were indistinguishable from those of resident tortoises. Our data show that tortoises translocated into typical Mojave desert scrub habitats perform well; however, the large first-year movements of translocated tortoises have important management implications. Projects that employ translocations must consider how much area will be needed to contain translocated tortoises and whether roads need fencing to prevent the loss of animals.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.390","usgsCitation":"Nussear, K., Tracy, C., Medica, P., Wilson, D., Marlow, R., and Corn, P., 2012, Translocation as a conservation tool for Agassiz's desert tortoises: survivorship, reproduction, and movements: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 76, no. 7, p. 1341-1353, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.390.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1341","endPage":"1353","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-008126","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293767,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.390"},{"id":293850,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54140b2de4b082fed288b9bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nussear, K.E.","contributorId":80227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nussear","given":"K.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tracy, C.R.","contributorId":73524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tracy","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Medica, P.A.","contributorId":77079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medica","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, D.S.","contributorId":55216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marlow, R.W.","contributorId":20276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marlow","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Corn, P.S.","contributorId":63751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corn","given":"P.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70118102,"text":"70118102 - 2012 - User Manual for SAHM package for VisTrails","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-25T15:05:44","indexId":"70118102","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T15:04:16","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"User Manual for SAHM package for VisTrails","docAbstract":"<p>The Software for Assisted Habitat I\\•1odeling (SAHM) has been created to both expedite habitat modeling and help maintain a record of the various input data, pre-and post-processing steps and modeling options incorporated in the construction of a species distribution model. The four main advantages to using the combined VisTrail: SAHM package for species distribution modeling are:</p>\n<br/>\n<p>1. formalization and tractable recording of the entire modeling process</p>\n<br/>\n<p>2. easier collaboration through a common modeling framework</p>\n<br/>\n<p>3. a user-friendly graphical interface to manage file input, model runs, and output</p>\n<br/>\n<p>4. extensibility to incorporate future and additional modeling routines and tools.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>This user manual provides detailed information on each module within the SAHM package, their input, output, common connections, optional arguments, and default settings. This information can also be accessed for individual modules by right clicking on the documentation button for any module in VisTrail or by right clicking on any input or output for a module and selecting view documentation. This user manual is intended to accompany the user guide which provides detailed instructions on how to install the SAHM package within VisTrails and then presents information on the use of the package.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Talbert, C., and Talbert, M., 2012, User Manual for SAHM package for VisTrails, 72 p.","productDescription":"72 p.","numberOfPages":"72","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291034,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f546e4b0bc0bec0a1549","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Talbert, C.B.","contributorId":107212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbert","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Talbert, M.K.","contributorId":28912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbert","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70124464,"text":"70124464 - 2012 - The effect of size and competition on tree growth rate in old-growth coniferous forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T14:29:42","indexId":"70124464","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T14:52:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1170,"text":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of size and competition on tree growth rate in old-growth coniferous forests","docAbstract":"Tree growth and competition play central roles in forest dynamics. Yet models of competition often neglect important variation in species-specific responses. Furthermore, functions used to model changes in growth rate with size do not always allow for potential complexity. Using a large data set from old-growth forests in California, models were parameterized relating growth rate to tree size and competition for four common species. Several functions relating growth rate to size were tested. Competition models included parameters for tree size, competitor size, and competitor distance. Competitive strength was allowed to vary by species. The best ranked models (using Akaike’s information criterion) explained between 18% and 40% of the variance in growth rate, with each species showing a strong response to competition. Models indicated that relationships between competition and growth varied substantially among species. The results also suggested that the relationship between growth rate and tree size can be complex and that how we model it can affect not only our ability to detect that complexity but also whether we obtain misleading results. In this case, for three of four species, the best model captured an apparent and unexpected decline in potential growth rate for the smallest trees in the data set.","largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/x2012-142","usgsCitation":"Das, A., 2012, The effect of size and competition on tree growth rate in old-growth coniferous forests: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, v. 42, no. 11, p. 1983-1995, https://doi.org/10.1139/x2012-142.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1983","endPage":"1995","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-037929","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293845,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293775,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x2012-142"}],"volume":"42","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54140b2ae4b082fed288b993","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Das, Adrian","contributorId":73935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Das","given":"Adrian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70118345,"text":"70118345 - 2012 - Impact assessment of extreme storm events using a Bayesian network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-30T15:24:21","indexId":"70118345","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T14:23:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Impact assessment of extreme storm events using a Bayesian network","docAbstract":"This paper describes an investigation on the usefulness of Bayesian Networks in the safety assessment of dune coasts. A network has been created that predicts the erosion volume based on hydraulic boundary conditions and a number of cross-shore profile indicators. Field measurement data along a large part of the Dutch coast has been used to train the network. Corresponding storm impact on the dunes was calculated with an empirical dune erosion model named duros+. Comparison between the Bayesian Network predictions and the original duros+ results, here considered as observations, results in a skill up to 0.88, provided that the training data covers the range of predictions. Hence, the predictions from a deterministic model (duros+) can be captured in a probabilistic model (Bayesian Network) such that both the process knowledge and uncertainties can be included in impact and vulnerability assessments.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coastal Engineering 2012: Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Coastal Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"33rd International Conference on Coastal Engineering","conferenceLocation":"Santander, Spain","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Engineering Research Council","doi":"10.9753/icce.v33.management.4","usgsCitation":"den Heijer, C., Knipping, D.T., Plant, N.G., van Thiel de Vries, J.S., Baart, F., and van Gelder, P.H., 2012, Impact assessment of extreme storm events using a Bayesian network, <i>in</i> Coastal Engineering 2012: Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Coastal Engineering, no. 33, Santander, Spain, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.management.4.","productDescription":"15 p.","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-041009","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.management.4","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294554,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294553,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.management.4"}],"issue":"33","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54252eb8e4b0e641df8a7032","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"den Heijer, C.","contributorId":52904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"den Heijer","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knipping, Dirk T.J.A.","contributorId":92598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knipping","given":"Dirk","email":"","middleInitial":"T.J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"van Thiel de Vries, Jaap S. M.","contributorId":43693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Thiel de Vries","given":"Jaap","email":"","middleInitial":"S. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baart, Fedor","contributorId":97835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baart","given":"Fedor","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"van Gelder, Pieter H. A. J. M.","contributorId":38917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Gelder","given":"Pieter","email":"","middleInitial":"H. A. J. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70039317,"text":"70039317 - 2012 - Curiosity's Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) investigation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-02T13:49:44.125405","indexId":"70039317","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T14:19:54","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3454,"text":"Space Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Curiosity's Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) investigation","docAbstract":"The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) investigation will use a 2-megapixel color camera with a focusable macro lens aboard the rover, Curiosity, to investigate the stratigraphy and grain-scale texture, structure, mineralogy, and morphology of geologic materials in northwestern Gale crater. Of particular interest is the stratigraphic record of a ?5 km thick layered rock sequence exposed on the slopes of Aeolis Mons (also known as Mount Sharp). The instrument consists of three parts, a camera head mounted on the turret at the end of a robotic arm, an electronics and data storage assembly located inside the rover body, and a calibration target mounted on the robotic arm shoulder azimuth actuator housing. MAHLI can acquire in-focus images at working distances from ?2.1 cm to infinity. At the minimum working distance, image pixel scale is ?14 &mu;m per pixel and very coarse silt grains can be resolved. At the working distance of the Mars Exploration Rover Microscopic Imager cameras aboard Spirit and Opportunity, MAHLI?s resolution is comparable at ?30 &mu;m per pixel. Onboard capabilities include autofocus, auto-exposure, sub-framing, video imaging, Bayer pattern color interpolation, lossy and lossless compression, focus merging of up to 8 focus stack images, white light and longwave ultraviolet (365 nm) illumination of nearby subjects, and 8 gigabytes of non-volatile memory data storage.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11214-012-9910-4","usgsCitation":"Edgett, K., Yingst, R.A., Ravine, M.A., Caplinger, M.A., Maki, J.N., Ghaemi, F., Schaffner, J.A., Bell, J.F., Edwards, L.J., Herkenhoff, K.E., Heydari, E., Kah, L., Lemmon, M.T., Minitti, M.E., Olson, T.S., Parker, T.J., Rowland, S.K., Schieber, J., Sullivan, R.J., Sumner, D.Y., Thomas, P.C., Jensen, E.H., Simmonds, J.J., Sengstacken, A.J., Wilson, R.G., and Goetz, W., 2012, Curiosity's Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) investigation: Space Science Reviews, v. 170, no. 1-4, p. 259-317, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-012-9910-4.","productDescription":"59 p.","startPage":"259","endPage":"317","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474598,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-012-9910-4","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":261793,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"170","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd0de4b0c8380cd4e5ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edgett, Kenneth S.","contributorId":12736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edgett","given":"Kenneth S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yingst, R. Aileen","contributorId":52827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yingst","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Aileen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ravine, Michael A.","contributorId":105959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ravine","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Caplinger, Michael A.","contributorId":70635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caplinger","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Maki, Justin N.","contributorId":30498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maki","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ghaemi, F. Tony","contributorId":90586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ghaemi","given":"F. Tony","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schaffner, Jacob A.","contributorId":70239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaffner","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bell, James F. III","contributorId":12737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Edwards, Laurence J.","contributorId":23006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Laurence","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Herkenhoff, Kenneth E. 0000-0002-3153-6663 kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-6663","contributorId":2275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkenhoff","given":"Kenneth","email":"kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Heydari, Ezat","contributorId":69837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heydari","given":"Ezat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kah, Linda C.","contributorId":40842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kah","given":"Linda C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Lemmon, Mark T.","contributorId":99419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lemmon","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Minitti, Michelle E.","contributorId":19422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minitti","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Olson, Timothy S.","contributorId":107556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Parker, Timothy J.","contributorId":33168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Rowland, Scott K.","contributorId":58886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowland","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Schieber, Juergen","contributorId":107557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schieber","given":"Juergen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Sullivan, Robert J.","contributorId":105960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Sumner, Dawn Y.","contributorId":88997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sumner","given":"Dawn","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Thomas, Peter C.","contributorId":26567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Jensen, Elsa H.","contributorId":102328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"Elsa","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Simmonds, John J.","contributorId":54848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmonds","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Sengstacken, Aaron J.","contributorId":66114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sengstacken","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Wilson, Reg G.","contributorId":72250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Reg","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Goetz, Walter","contributorId":74128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goetz","given":"Walter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26}]}}
,{"id":70047380,"text":"70047380 - 2012 - Selection of the Mars Science Laboratory landing site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-02T13:53:57.069907","indexId":"70047380","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T13:52:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3454,"text":"Space Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selection of the Mars Science Laboratory landing site","docAbstract":"The selection of Gale crater as the Mars Science Laboratory landing site took over five years, involved broad participation of the science community via five open workshops, and narrowed an initial >50 sites (25 by 20 km) to four finalists (Eberswalde, Gale, Holden and Mawrth) based on science and safety. Engineering constraints important to the selection included: (1) latitude (&plusmn;30&deg;) for thermal management of the rover and instruments, (2) elevation (<-1 km) for sufficient atmosphere to slow the spacecraft, (3) relief of <100-130 m at baselines of 1-1000 m for control authority and sufficient fuel during powered descent, (4) slopes of <30&deg; at baselines of 2-5 m for rover stability at touchdown, (5) moderate rock abundance to avoid impacting the belly pan during touchdown, and (6) a radar-reflective, load-bearing, and trafficable surface that is safe for landing and roving and not dominated by fine-grained dust. Science criteria important for the selection include the ability to assess past habitable environments, which include diversity, context, and biosignature (including organics) preservation. Sites were evaluated in detail using targeted data from instruments on all active orbiters, and especially Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. All of the final four sites have layered sedimentary rocks with spectral evidence for phyllosilicates that clearly address the science objectives of the mission. Sophisticated entry, descent and landing simulations that include detailed information on all of the engineering constraints indicate all of the final four sites are safe for landing. Evaluation of the traversabilty of the landing sites and target “go to” areas outside of the ellipse using slope and material properties information indicates that all are trafficable and “go to” sites can be accessed within the lifetime of the mission. In the final selection, Gale crater was favored over Eberswalde based on its greater diversity and potential habitability.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11214-012-9916-y","usgsCitation":"Golombek, M., Grant, J., Kipp, D., Vasavada, A., Kirk, R.L., Fergason, R.L., Bellutta, P., Calef, F., Larsen, K., Katayama, Y., Huertas, A., Beyer, R., Chen, A., Parker, T., Pollard, B., Lee, S., Hoover, R., Sladek, H., Grotzinger, J., Welch, R., Dobrea, E.N., Michalski, J., and Watkins, M., 2012, Selection of the Mars Science Laboratory landing site: Space Science Reviews, v. 170, no. 1-4, p. 641-737, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-012-9916-y.","productDescription":"97 p.","startPage":"641","endPage":"737","numberOfPages":"97","ipdsId":"IP-037832","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science 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D.","contributorId":55724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kipp","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vasavada, A.","contributorId":45083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vasavada","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fergason, Robin L. 0000-0002-2044-1714 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