Background
Severe fire weather is becoming more common throughout the western United States. Changing conditions demand a better understanding of how prescribed fire treatments perform under extreme burning conditions, including the interactive influence of the age of treatments, vegetation, and fire weather. The Carr Fire of July 2018 burned nearly the entire land area of Whiskeytown National Recreation Area (NRA) under extreme fuel moisture and temperature conditions. Prior to the Carr Fire and since 1997, staff at Whiskeytown NRA treated 23% of the 15,756-ha NRA using large-scale prescribed fire (underburn) treatments ranging in size from 40 to 400 hectares.
Methods
We used simultaneous autoregressive (SAR) models to describe the effects of landscape-scale fuel treatments on wildfire severity under extreme burning conditions and across diverse biophysical settings at Whiskeytown NRA. Because vegetation type and structure are known drivers of fire severity in diverse ecosystems such as at Whiskeytown NRA, we also considered three different sources of vegetation structure data, including a 2006 physiognomic-floristic classification, a 2011 lidar-based forest structure classification, and a 2016 Landfire map of existing vegetation physiognomy-subclass.
Results
The greatest effect on 2018 Carr Fire severity was time since treatment of underburn treatments, but treatment effectiveness on fire severity dissipated rapidly—showing notable effectiveness within 5 years of underburning but virtually no effectiveness beyond 10 years post-treatment. Additional factors related to severity included vegetation structure type, topographic position index, aspect, slope, temperature, and wind gust speed. Model variance explained and model parameters, including the effect of underburn treatments, were similar regardless of the source of vegetation structure data.
Conclusions
Our results show that large-scale underburning treatments can reduce wildfire severity even under extreme fire weather conditions but suggest that frequent maintenance intervals are required to maintain treatment effectiveness ahead of severe wildfire events.
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These programs come at a high cost, and many translocation programs fail to monitor animals after release. Light-footed Ridgway’s rails (Rallus obsoletus levipes) are federally endangered marsh birds endemic to coastal wetlands of southern California and northern Mexico. Juvenile captive-raised light-footed Ridgway’s rails have been released into marshes within their U.S. range for >20 yr, but little effort has been devoted to post-release tracking of their movement and survival. We used satellite GPS transmitters to track survival of 46 juvenile captive-released and 42 juvenile wild-caught light-footed Ridgway’s rails from 2020–2022. Our results suggest that juvenile captive-released rails had lower initial daily survival probability (0.979) compared with that of juvenile wild-caught rails (0.994). Survival probability of captive-released rails increased with time in the wild, matching that of wild birds at about 100 d post-release. 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A migratory species restricted to riparian habitat for breeding, the flycatcher is present in southern California from May to August. The flycatcher has declined over the last several decades primarily in response to habitat loss, and possibly Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) parasitism. This document compiles and analyzes data collected by USGS scientists on population size, distribution, demography, and breeding habitat condition and uses this information to evaluate potential management options and locations relative to several variables including spatial proximity to currently occupied locations, historical occupation, and potential for restoration that would benefit the flycatcher and expand populations. Location-specific management options and habitat restoration opportunities are ranked based on the contribution of each location to promoting regional flycatcher persistence. 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urban streams in metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts (USA)","docAbstract":"Urban riverine systems are heterogeneous, and the substantial variability in impervious cover, riparian cover, wetlands, and wastewater and stormwater infrastructure affect sources and transport of dissolved organic matter (DOM), of which dissolved organic C (DOC) is a substantial component. An understanding of the quantity, bioavailability, and timing of DOM inputs (a key energy source for food webs and a component of nutrient cycling) to streams within cities can help to better evaluate drivers of DOM variability. We sampled 100 stream sites in the greater Boston (Massachusetts, USA) area spanning a range of land cover, riparian vegetation, stream size, housing and infrastructure age, and sociodemographic characteristics. Water samples collected during 4 seasonal synoptic events in 2021 and 2022 were analyzed for DOC concentration and DOM characteristics (using fluorescence excitation–emission matrices and absorbance spectra). Temporally, we observed more-autochthonous DOM and lower DOC concentrations in the summer, possibly due to low precipitation and streamflow disconnecting streams from humic wetland and soil C sources. Consistent with other studies, we observed that more-urbanized streams had DOM that was less humic and more autotrophic. Higher wetland cover was associated with more-humic, higher-molecular-weight DOM and was the strongest predictor of DOM characteristics, suggesting that managers should consider the impacts of development on DOM, stream ecological functions, and CO2 emissions. Interestingly, except during the very dry summer, sites downstream of combined sewer outfalls showed distinctly higher concentrations of protein-like DOM, suggesting the influence of sewage overflows and highlighting the potential for monitoring wastewater contamination using protein-like DOM. Although sociodemographic variables were not strong predictors of DOM composition, we observed a possible association between lower-income areas with less canopy cover and more-autochthonous DOM and between areas with older housing, more canopy cover, and more-humic DOM. These patterns suggest that equitable repair of wastewater infrastructure and restoration of riparian vegetation is needed.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/736917","usgsCitation":"Quick, A.M., Roy, A.H., Hale, R.L., Hopkins, K.G., Chen, S., and Ortiz Muñoz, L.D., 2025, Spatial and temporal variation in dissolved organic matter in urban streams in metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts (USA): Freshwater Science, v. 44, no. 4, p. 527-545, https://doi.org/10.1086/736917.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"527","endPage":"545","ipdsId":"IP-167467","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494312,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","city":"Boston","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.97103026486454,\n 42.400979833243895\n ],\n [\n -71.13011407526525,\n 42.400979833243895\n ],\n [\n -71.13011407526525,\n 42.31119619257322\n ],\n [\n -70.97103026486454,\n 42.31119619257322\n ],\n [\n -70.97103026486454,\n 42.400979833243895\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quick, Annika M.","contributorId":359888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quick","given":"Annika","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":82199,"text":"Virginia Wesleyan University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, Allison H. 0000-0002-8080-2729 aroy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-2729","contributorId":4240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"Allison","email":"aroy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":946379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hale, Rebecca L.","contributorId":359890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hale","given":"Rebecca","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13510,"text":"Smithsonian Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hopkins, Kristina G. 0000-0003-1699-9384 khopkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1699-9384","contributorId":195604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"Kristina","email":"khopkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":946381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chen, Shuo","contributorId":343806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Shuo","affiliations":[{"id":13510,"text":"Smithsonian Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ortiz Muñoz, Liz D.","contributorId":359894,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ortiz Muñoz","given":"Liz","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7017,"text":"Florida International University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70268878,"text":"70268878 - 2025 - Pacific island landbird monitoring report, Kalaupapa National Historical Park, 2021","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-09T15:03:42.142443","indexId":"70268878","displayToPublicDate":"2025-06-01T09:59:53","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":18517,"text":"Science Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/SR-2025/322","title":"Pacific island landbird monitoring report, Kalaupapa National Historical Park, 2021","docAbstract":"In 2021, landbird surveys were conducted at Kalaupapa National Historical Park on the island of Molokaʻi to assess changes in species composition, distribution, and population densities since 2005. Point-transect distance sampling surveys were conducted on six transects at 50 landbird monitoring stations within an 1,834-hectare area. A total of nine landbird species were detected, with the ʻApapane (Himatione sanguinea) the only endemic Hawaiian species detected. Sufficient detections of six species allowed for population density and abundance estimates, which were compared to 2005 estimates using a two-sample z-test. The abundance of ʻApapane declined by 57% to 2,476 ± 729 (SE) birds in 2021 compared to 2005. Population densities of the House Finch (Haemorhous mexicanus), Japanese Bush Warbler (Horornis diphone), Warbling White-eye (Zosterops japonicus), and White-rumped Shama (Copsychus malabaricus) were also lower in 2021 than in 2005, but comparisons were inconclusive. Since 2005, the Red-billed Leiothrix (Leiothrix lutea) irrupted within the survey area to an estimated abundance of 11,088 ± 1,208 birds. The Warbling White-eye was the most abundant species, with an estimated 101,724 ± 11,692 birds. Surveyors failed to detect the Hawaiʻi ʻAmakihi (Chlorodrepanis virens), which has become increasingly rare on Molokaʻi. The federally threatened ʻIʻiwi (Drepanis coccinea) was last seen on Molokaʻi in 2010, further raising concerns about its potential extirpation. The Olomaʻo (Myadestes lanaiensis), an endemic thrush, has not been detected since 1980 and is likely extinct. These findings show the ongoing shift toward non-native bird communities and highlight the challenges of conserving native forest birds amidst widespread avian malaria transmission, introduced predators, and extensive habitat degradation.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","doi":"10.36967/2313509","usgsCitation":"Judge, S., Smith, L., and Camp, R.J., 2025, Pacific island landbird monitoring report, Kalaupapa National Historical Park, 2021: Science Report NPS/SR-2025/322, viii, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.36967/2313509.","productDescription":"viii, 43 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177686","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":491898,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kalaupapa National Historical Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.89753648141144,\n 21.126415759494677\n ],\n [\n -156.8938869501612,\n 21.14547826089806\n ],\n [\n -156.91724395016283,\n 21.16113490943785\n ],\n [\n -156.91091809599567,\n 21.17338678368806\n ],\n [\n -156.94376387724816,\n 21.179966075173013\n ],\n [\n -156.96055172099938,\n 21.21217768899173\n ],\n [\n -156.97052710641677,\n 21.21671397164583\n ],\n [\n -156.983908721001,\n 21.209455852486315\n ],\n [\n -156.9897479710015,\n 21.186771930738757\n ],\n [\n -156.9989934501688,\n 21.18223472850586\n ],\n [\n -157.019187523087,\n 21.187225643302867\n ],\n [\n -157.02089063767042,\n 21.181100406190467\n ],\n [\n -157.0048327001693,\n 21.173840537324438\n ],\n [\n -156.9989934501688,\n 21.172706150623128\n ],\n [\n -156.97344673141694,\n 21.17338678368806\n ],\n [\n -156.96760748141645,\n 21.16022732284509\n ],\n [\n -156.95398256474883,\n 21.151378061959306\n ],\n [\n -156.94376387724816,\n 21.148655106056296\n ],\n [\n -156.93962774183112,\n 21.15500859194843\n ],\n [\n -156.91675734599616,\n 21.124373203232025\n ],\n [\n -156.89753648141144,\n 21.126415759494677\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Judge, Seth 0000-0003-3832-3246","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3832-3246","contributorId":189965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Judge","given":"Seth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":942463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Lauren K. 0000-0003-1783-715X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1783-715X","contributorId":353538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Lauren K.","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Camp, Richard J. 0000-0001-7008-923X rick_camp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7008-923X","contributorId":189964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camp","given":"Richard","email":"rick_camp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70268290,"text":"70268290 - 2025 - Marsh sediment in translation: A review of sediment transport across a natural tidal salt marsh in northern San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-20T14:59:02.008185","indexId":"70268290","displayToPublicDate":"2025-06-01T09:54:15","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3331,"text":"San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Marsh sediment in translation: A review of sediment transport across a natural tidal salt marsh in northern San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","usgsCitation":"Ubbelohde, M.A., Breakfield, D.B., Hunter, E.A., Loope, K.J., 2025, Improving welfare of captured gopher tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus): Reducing trap time and temperature: Herpetological Review, v. 56, no. 2, p. 141-146.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"146","ipdsId":"IP-167641","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500343,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","volume":"56","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ubbelohde, Morgan A.","contributorId":366814,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ubbelohde","given":"Morgan","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":25550,"text":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breakfield, Derek B.","contributorId":366815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breakfield","given":"Derek","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":81935,"text":"Nokuse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunter, Elizabeth Ann 0000-0003-4710-167X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4710-167X","contributorId":288535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Loope, Kevin J.","contributorId":366816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loope","given":"Kevin","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":25550,"text":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70270431,"text":"70270431 - 2025 - Abundance of ohiʻa-associated ambrosia beetles in two sites with rapid ohiʻa death outbreaks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-19T14:24:29.800936","indexId":"70270431","displayToPublicDate":"2025-06-01T09:21:56","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5449,"text":"Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Abundance of ʻŌhiʻa-associated ambrosia beetles in two sites with rapid ʻŌhiʻa death outbreaks","title":"Abundance of ohiʻa-associated ambrosia beetles in two sites with rapid ohiʻa death outbreaks","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Nurses Association","usgsCitation":"Damby, D., and Wallace, K.L., 2025, Mount Spurr unrest highlights health risks of volcanic ashfall: Alaska Nurse, v. 76, no. 2, p. 18-21.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"21","ipdsId":"IP-179549","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493951,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":493949,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://aknurse.org/professional-development/#nurse-mag","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Mount Spurr","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.91257316617845,\n 61.645997832444976\n ],\n [\n -152.91257316617845,\n 60.86274915940086\n ],\n [\n -151.39196786211164,\n 60.86274915940086\n ],\n [\n -151.39196786211164,\n 61.645997832444976\n ],\n [\n -152.91257316617845,\n 61.645997832444976\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Damby, David 0000-0002-3238-3961","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-3961","contributorId":206614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damby","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wallace, Kristi L. 0000-0002-0962-048X kwallace@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0962-048X","contributorId":3454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Kristi","email":"kwallace@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70272105,"text":"70272105 - 2025 - Great Lakes lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) thiamine monitoring program annual report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-17T15:16:48.598057","indexId":"70272105","displayToPublicDate":"2025-06-01T09:12:10","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":156,"text":"Annual Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"displayTitle":"Great Lakes lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) thiamine monitoring program annual report","title":"Great Lakes lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) thiamine monitoring program annual report","docAbstract":"Thiamine deficiency in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) eggs has been linked to early life-stage mortality in the Great Lakes from the 1960s through the 1990s, potentially affecting lake trout recruitment. In response, the U.S. Geological Survey’s Great Lakes Science Center (GLSC), Eastern Ecological Science Center (EESC), and Columbia Environmental Research Center (CERC), and the State University of New York (SUNY) Brockport, in collaboration with partner agencies, initiated a cooperative monitoring program in the late 1990s to assess thiamine concentrations in lake trout eggs. In 2024, egg thiamine concentrations continued to show high variability across sampling sites. No samples with thiamine concentrations below the 4 nmol/g threshold recommended for successful reproduction were observed in Lakes Superior or Huron. In contrast, between 11% and 88% of lake trout sampled from sites in Lakes Michigan, Ontario, Champlain, and the Finger Lakes had egg thiamine concentrations below this critical threshold. Time series data revealed substantial temporal and spatial variation in mean lake trout egg thiamine concentrations across the Great Lakes region.
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Series"},"title":"Effects of climate change on midwestern ecosystems: Eastern North American temperate freshwater marsh, wet meadow and shrubland","docAbstract":"The Eastern North American Temperate Freshwater Marsh, Wet Meadow and Shrubland is a hydrologically dynamic ecosystem highly sensitive to shifts in water availability. Across the Midwest, climate change is expected to intensify two primary stressors, flooding and drought, resulting in increased hydrologic variability that may threaten the persistence of these wetlands. Increased spring precipitation and more frequent extreme rainfall events are projected to cause deeper, longer-lasting inundation, while rising temperatures, reduced snowpack, and heightened evaporative demand are likely to increase the frequency and severity of droughts.
Changes in hydrology may significantly alter both habitat structure and community composition. Physical disturbance from scouring and erosion may intensify, while nutrient and sediment loading from surrounding land uses may lead to eutrophication and terrestrialization. Vegetation zonation is likely to become destabilized under more extreme hydrological conditions, with flood-tolerant or droughtadapted species replacing those with narrower hydrologic tolerances.
The two habitat groups within this broader ecosystem show differing vulnerabilities. The Eastern North American Freshwater Marsh, including both Great Lakes coastal and inland systems, is considered among the most hydrologically dynamic and disturbance-prone wetland types. Vegetation in these marshes is typically stratified along water depth gradients, forming distinct zones that depend on variable hydrology to persist, but deep or prolonged inundation can disrupt this zonation and reduce plant diversity. In contrast, the Midwest Wet Prairie, Wet Meadow and Shrub Swamp, generally lacks persistent surface water and relies on precipitation and snowmelt to maintain seasonal saturation. As a result, this habitat group is especially prone to drying and potentially susceptible to woody encroachment and shifts toward drier-adapted plant communities.
Across both habitat groups, invasive species are expected to gain a competitive edge under future climate conditions. Invasive wetland plants often exhibit high plasticity and can tolerate a wide range of disturbances and hydrologic conditions, allowing them to expand rapidly during both flood and drought periods. Interacting pressures underscore the growing vulnerability of the Eastern North American Temperate Freshwater Marsh, Wet Meadow and Shrubland under future climate scenarios.
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,{"id":70269457,"text":"70269457 - 2025 - Beginner’s guide to understanding, accessing, and retrieving Coastwide Reference Monitoring System data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T14:02:43.313708","indexId":"70269457","displayToPublicDate":"2025-06-01T08:54:34","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":22148,"text":"CRMS Training Manual","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"title":"Beginner’s guide to understanding, accessing, and retrieving Coastwide Reference Monitoring System data","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority","usgsCitation":"Leonpacher, L., Villani, R.K., Cretini, K., Hunnicutt, C.B., Testroet-Bergeron, S., Weifenbach, D., Ruckstuhl, C., and Piazza, S., 2025, Beginner’s guide to understanding, accessing, and retrieving Coastwide Reference Monitoring System data: CRMS Training Manual, 55 p.","productDescription":"55 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170048","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492756,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.lacoast.gov/crms/presentation.aspx"},{"id":492761,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Louisisana coast","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.78247520861558,\n 30.391605679926187\n ],\n [\n -93.78247520861558,\n 28.71335539020771\n ],\n [\n -88.82426759799037,\n 28.71335539020771\n ],\n [\n -88.82426759799037,\n 30.391605679926187\n ],\n [\n -93.78247520861558,\n 30.391605679926187\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leonpacher, Lauren Angelle 0000-0002-5326-5825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5326-5825","contributorId":358473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leonpacher","given":"Lauren Angelle","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Villani, Rachel Katherine 0000-0002-8494-8178","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8494-8178","contributorId":290308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villani","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"Katherine","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cretini, Kari 0000-0003-0419-0748","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0419-0748","contributorId":207226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cretini","given":"Kari","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hunnicutt, Christina B. 0000-0001-8624-6420 hunnicuttc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8624-6420","contributorId":5011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunnicutt","given":"Christina","email":"hunnicuttc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Testroet-Bergeron, Susan","contributorId":358475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Testroet-Bergeron","given":"Susan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":943810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weifenbach, Dona","contributorId":298003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weifenbach","given":"Dona","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":943811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ruckstuhl, Cole B 0000-0001-6520-1784","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6520-1784","contributorId":358477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruckstuhl","given":"Cole B","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Piazza, Sarai 0000-0001-6962-9008","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6962-9008","contributorId":220329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piazza","given":"Sarai","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70268188,"text":"70268188 - 2025 - Effects of climate change on midwestern ecosystems: North American bog and fen","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-17T13:58:40.127945","indexId":"70268188","displayToPublicDate":"2025-06-01T08:54:02","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Effects of climate change on midwestern ecosystems: North American bog and fen","docAbstract":"The North American Bog and Fen ecosystem may be increasingly vulnerable to climate stressors, particularly water deficits and warming temperatures. These peat-forming wetlands, found at the southern extent of their range in the Midwest, depend on relatively stable hydrological and thermal conditions. Climate change may disrupt these conditions through projected declines in summer precipitation, increases in summer vapor pressure deficit and temperature, and longer periods of warmth throughout the year. These changes could lower water tables, accelerate aerobic decomposition, and alter peat-accumulating processes that define bogs and fens. Water deficits, compounded by warmer conditions, may reduce moss and sedge productivity and promote peat subsidence and compaction. Collectively, these impacts may compromise the structural integrity of this ecosystem and reduce its capacity to store carbon, maintain unique microhabitats, and support moisture-dependent species.","language":"English","publisher":"Midwest Climate Adaptation Science Center","usgsCitation":"Ratcliffe, H., Charton, K., Siddons, T., Lyons, M.P., and LeDee, O.E., 2025, Effects of climate change on midwestern ecosystems: North American bog and fen, 67 p.","productDescription":"67 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179237","costCenters":[{"id":65882,"text":"Midwest Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490823,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":490807,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://mwcasc.umn.edu/research-publications","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio, 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ratcliffe, Hugh","contributorId":352942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ratcliffe","given":"Hugh","affiliations":[{"id":84312,"text":"Oak Ridge Institute for Higher Education","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Charton, Katherine","contributorId":352943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Charton","given":"Katherine","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Siddons, Taylor","contributorId":343020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siddons","given":"Taylor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":940419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lyons, Marta P. 0000-0002-8117-8710 mlyons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8117-8710","contributorId":270223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"Marta","email":"mlyons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":65882,"text":"Midwest Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"LeDee, Olivia E. 0000-0002-7791-5829 oledee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7791-5829","contributorId":242820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeDee","given":"Olivia","email":"oledee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":65882,"text":"Midwest Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":940421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70268065,"text":"70268065 - 2025 - U.S. national park units as breeding bird habitat: A comparison of species prevalence and land cover across the midwestern and central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-12T14:00:50.756657","indexId":"70268065","displayToPublicDate":"2025-06-01T08:47:05","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":18517,"text":"Science Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/SR—2025/317","title":"U.S. national park units as breeding bird habitat: A comparison of species prevalence and land cover across the midwestern and central United States","docAbstract":"The value of national parks as bird habitat depends not only on local conditions within the parks, but also on the landscape habitat matrices in which they are located. However, the influences of local and landscape habitat matrices on birds vary by species and have not been quantified. Similarly, the trends of land cover types through time have not been systematically quantified for Midwest Region national parks and the landscapes around them, despite evidence of ongoing habitat loss exacerbated by climate change and human population growth. Managers and policy makers can use this information to understand and sustain the contribution of parks to our Nation’s avifauna.
We developed models using North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data collected on routes from across the central United States. The models were used to predict occupancy of bird species of concern in 32 national park units across nine Bird Conservation Regions in the Midwest based on land cover in and around those parks. We then compared these predictions with data collected through National Park Service (NPS) bird surveys at each park to determine if bird species of concern were more or less prevalent than expected.
In each park, the mean difference between observed species detections and mean predicted detections indicates that most species are less frequently detected in the parks than predicted. However, when the range of uncertainty of predictions is considered, only 21% of park-bird combinations showed strong evidence (95%) of differing from expectation. Of these, species were less common than expected in the park in all but two cases.
These results indicate that some bird species of concern occupy sites in Midwest Region national park units at a rate roughly comparable to sites with similar land cover in the Bird Conservation Region (BCR) in which they occur. However, for one in five species-park combinations, parks appear to be less occupied than comparable sites elsewhere.
Declines in the distribution and abundance of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) across much of the historical range in the Pacific Northwest region of Canada and the United States have been well documented (Post and Johnston 2002; Rieman et al. 1997). Recent estimates of population trends appear to vary considerably across regions with large numbers of migratory and resident populations exhibiting substantial declines in adult abundance (Al-Chokhachy et al. 2016; Kovach et al. 2018), whereas others remain stable or potentially increasing (Erhardt and Scarnecchia 2014; Meyer et al. 2014). For example, 61% of the core populations in Alberta, Canada, are considered declining, and 39% are stable or increasing (Alberta Sustainable Resource Development 2012). The variability in population status and trends highlights the importance of population-specific data.
Much of our understanding of bull trout life history has stemmed from a few, well-studied populations, and continuing to improve our knowledge of the variability in life-history expressions (e.g., Starcevich et al. 2012) can support directing local and regional conservation efforts (sensu Schindler et al. 2010). Here, we consider the life history, demographic patterns, and assess potential threats for an adfluvial population of bull trout in the upper Lewis River basin in Washington, USA. We synthesized recent monitoring efforts and field studies to refine our understanding of bull trout life-history expressions (i.e., migration patterns), demographics, and genetic status. We further evaluated the potential threats of brook trout (S. fontinalis), a species that is not native to the Lewis River, but which was recently documented in bull trout monitoring efforts (Al-Chokhachy et al. 2024). Our specific objectives included evaluating: (1) trends in size structure of subadults and adult bull trout (2014 – 2024); (2) patterns of adult migration and life-history and climate drivers of migration patterns (2011 – 2024); (3) the within-year temporal patterns of bull trout and coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) spawning and superimposition of bull trout redds by spawning coho salmon (2024); (4) temporal trends in abundance for adult and juvenile bull trout from annual monitoring methods (2008 – 2024); and (5) the current (2024) extent of non-native brook trout in wetland habitat adjacent to Yale Lake.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"2024 Bull trout annual operations report","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"PacifiCorp","usgsCitation":"Al-Chokhachy, R., Doyle, J., and Shappart, J., 2025, Appendix B: Patterns of bull trout Salvelinus confluentus demography, life history, abundance, and trends in the Lewis River: Annual Report, 39 p.","productDescription":"39 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177891","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496676,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":496675,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.pacificorp.com/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lewis River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.78,\n 46.24\n ],\n [\n -122.78,\n 45.78\n ],\n [\n -121.56,\n 45.78\n ],\n [\n -121.56,\n 46.24\n ],\n [\n -122.78,\n 46.24\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Al-Chokhachy, Robert 0000-0002-2136-5098","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-5098","contributorId":216703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Chokhachy","given":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doyle, Jeremiah","contributorId":214617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doyle","given":"Jeremiah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39086,"text":"PacifiCorp","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shappart, Jason","contributorId":336929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shappart","given":"Jason","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80916,"text":"Meridian Enviornmental","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70273320,"text":"70273320 - 2025 - Ice-lobe retreat, glacial lake levels and the North American varve chronology in the Deerfield basin of western Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-06T14:34:54.133721","indexId":"70273320","displayToPublicDate":"2025-06-01T08:27:04","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":128,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"25-01","title":"Ice-lobe retreat, glacial lake levels and the North American varve chronology in the Deerfield basin of western Massachusetts","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Massachusetts Geological Survey","doi":"10.7275/ds6v-gy64","usgsCitation":"Stone, J.R., DiGiacomo-Cohen, M.L., Mabee, S.B., Brigham-Grette, J., Stone, B.D., Graham, B.L., and Yellen, B., 2025, Ice-lobe retreat, glacial lake levels and the North American varve chronology in the Deerfield basin of western Massachusetts: Open-File Report 25-01, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.7275/ds6v-gy64.","productDescription":"52 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179170","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498338,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Deerfield basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.50160195053968,\n 42.62009992849204\n ],\n [\n -72.76339223621905,\n 42.62009992849204\n ],\n [\n -72.76339223621905,\n 42.24421898621074\n ],\n [\n -72.50160195053968,\n 42.24421898621074\n ],\n [\n -72.50160195053968,\n 42.62009992849204\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Janet R. 0000-0003-0095-8238 jrstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0095-8238","contributorId":299644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Janet","email":"jrstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DiGiacomo-Cohen, Mary L. 0000-0003-2384-8912 mdicohen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2384-8912","contributorId":2527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiGiacomo-Cohen","given":"Mary","email":"mdicohen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mabee, Steven B.","contributorId":364850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mabee","given":"Steven","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":35248,"text":"Massachusetts Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brigham-Grette, Julie","contributorId":364853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brigham-Grette","given":"Julie","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stone, Byron D. 0000-0001-6092-0798 bdstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6092-0798","contributorId":1702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Byron","email":"bdstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Graham, Brandon L. 0000-0002-7197-0413","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7197-0413","contributorId":340458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Brandon","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yellen, Brian","contributorId":198491,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yellen","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33278,"text":"Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70268873,"text":"70268873 - 2025 - Fine-grained temporal population monitoring of a declining, critically endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-09T15:30:15.328887","indexId":"70268873","displayToPublicDate":"2025-06-01T08:24:51","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9319,"text":"Frontiers in Conservation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fine-grained temporal population monitoring of a declining, critically endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper","docAbstract":"Annual point counts are commonly used to monitor birds to track population densities across space and time. Palila (Loxioides bailleui) are surveyed annually in the first quarter, but we recently instituted quarterly sampling that offers a unique opportunity to improve estimator precision. We conducted point-transect distance sampling point counts during the first quarter of 2020 through 2024, and the second through fourth quarters in 2022 and 2023, and the second quarter in 2024. The reduced sampling intensity during the quarterly counts, however, requires model-based methods to estimate abundance to the entire sampling frame. We modeled spatial and temporal correlation using a soap film smoother within a generalized additive modeling framework, a density surface model, fitted to palila counts each quarter for the five-year timeseries to track changes in population abundances. Our results indicate that palila maintained a high-density hotspot throughout the five-year timeseries; however, the extent of the hotspot declined substantially over the timeseries while densities within the hotspot declined from about 3 birds/ha in 2020 to about 1 bird/ha in 2024, which resulted in a 66% decline in palila abundances over 5 years. Density surface model estimates give on average a confidence interval width that was 74.7% shorter than the associated distance sampling confidence interval widths. Our results indicate that palila may benefit most if management actions were applied within the remaining hotspot. Additionally, this temporally fine-grained sampling provides information on seasonal movement patterns and resource tracking, and population response to management and conservation actions. Our spatially explicit, model-based approach is applicable to a wide range of monitoring programs, particularly those with inconsistent, opportunistic spatial coverage.
","language":"English","publisher":"frontiers","doi":"10.3389/fcosc.2025.1564661","usgsCitation":"Camp, R.J., Asing, C.K., Hunt, N., Wang, A., Farmer, C., Neitmann, L., and Banko, P.C., 2025, Fine-grained temporal population monitoring of a declining, critically endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper: Frontiers in Conservation Science, v. 6, 1564661, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fcosc.2025.1564661.","productDescription":"1564661, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177644","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492087,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcosc.2025.1564661","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":491904,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Mauna Kea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.61817507930547,\n 19.93574865703343\n ],\n [\n -155.61817507930547,\n 19.691994873461468\n ],\n [\n -155.38803917004466,\n 19.691994873461468\n ],\n [\n -155.38803917004466,\n 19.93574865703343\n ],\n [\n -155.61817507930547,\n 19.93574865703343\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Camp, Richard J. 0000-0001-7008-923X rick_camp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7008-923X","contributorId":189964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camp","given":"Richard","email":"rick_camp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Asing, Chauncey K.","contributorId":272645,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Asing","given":"Chauncey","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":40951,"text":"University of Hawai‘i - Mānoa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunt, Noah J. 0009-0008-9859-7007","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9859-7007","contributorId":357746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunt","given":"Noah J.","affiliations":[{"id":13341,"text":"Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai‘i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wang, Alexander","contributorId":344103,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Alexander","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56397,"text":"State of Hawai‘i, Division of Forestry and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Farmer, Chris","contributorId":150179,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farmer","given":"Chris","affiliations":[{"id":17929,"text":"American Bird Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Neitmann, Lindsey","contributorId":357751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neitmann","given":"Lindsey","affiliations":[{"id":56397,"text":"State of Hawai‘i, Division of Forestry and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":942457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Banko, Paul C. 0000-0002-6035-9803 pbanko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-9803","contributorId":3179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banko","given":"Paul","email":"pbanko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70270043,"text":"70270043 - 2025 - Resolution sensitivities for subgrid modeling of coastal flooding","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-08T19:06:19.920299","indexId":"70270043","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-31T08:08:53","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1262,"text":"Coastal Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resolution sensitivities for subgrid modeling of coastal flooding","docAbstract":"Flooding due to storm surge can propagate through coastal regions to threaten the built and natural environments. This propagation is controlled by geographic features of varying scales, from the largest oceans to the smallest marsh channels and sandy dunes. Numerical models to predict coastal flooding have been improved via the use of subgrid corrections, which use information about the smallest-scale flow controls to provide corrections to coarser scale grids. Although previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of subgrid models, especially how coarser models can be more efficient without a trade-off in accuracy, this study systematically investigates subgrid corrections in storm surge models across large domains. Here, we apply the widely used ADVanced CIRCulation (ADCIRC) storm surge model with revised subgrid corrections to develop guidance for resolution of coastal regions. Recent hurricanes in the South Atlantic Bight are simulated with five models, each with varying resolution of coastal islands, estuaries, rivers, and floodplains. Model performance is quantified via comparisons with observed data and high-resolution simulations. Clear degradation is observed in the subgrid model performance as minimum mesh resolution becomes coarser than the width of channels conveying flow or the barrier islands blocking flow. Therefore, subgrid model mesh resolution should account for spatial scales of local flow pathways and barrier islands to maintain proper model mass and momentum transfer. However, with subgrid modeling this can be done at much coarser (and thus computationally faster) resolutions than with conventional models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104787","usgsCitation":"Woodruff, J., Dietrich, J., Wirasaet, D., Kennedy, A., Bolster, D., and Luettich, R., 2025, Resolution sensitivities for subgrid modeling of coastal flooding: Coastal Engineering, v. 201, 104787, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104787.","productDescription":"104787, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-169265","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493892,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"south Atlantic coast","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.4525010504607,\n 35.026033061132466\n ],\n [\n -79.24219819510189,\n 34.328207448127046\n ],\n [\n -82.26867209188597,\n 30.740037872429845\n ],\n [\n -81.1870113426256,\n 25.032751881316358\n ],\n [\n -80.0037059437347,\n 25.16924717636583\n ],\n [\n -79.99792361076327,\n 27.312432791511757\n ],\n [\n -81.20057957391982,\n 30.892489907643174\n ],\n [\n -76.4525010504607,\n 35.026033061132466\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"201","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodruff, Johnathan Lucas 0000-0003-2806-8421","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2806-8421","contributorId":356688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodruff","given":"Johnathan Lucas","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":945222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dietrich, Joel C. 0000-0001-5294-2874","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5294-2874","contributorId":352432,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dietrich","given":"Joel C.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wirasaet, Damrongsak","contributorId":359382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wirasaet","given":"Damrongsak","affiliations":[{"id":39516,"text":"University of Notre Dame","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kennedy, Andrew B.","contributorId":359383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Andrew B.","affiliations":[{"id":39516,"text":"University of Notre Dame","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bolster, Diogo","contributorId":266171,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bolster","given":"Diogo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39516,"text":"University of Notre Dame","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Luettich, Richard A.","contributorId":359386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luettich","given":"Richard A.","affiliations":[{"id":55603,"text":"University of North Carolina Chapel Hill","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":945227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70265985,"text":"dr1198 - 2025 - Critical minerals in orogenic (gold) and Coeur d’Alene-type mineral systems of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-07T21:28:11.2103","indexId":"dr1198","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-30T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9318,"text":"Data Report","code":"DR","onlineIssn":"2771-9448","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1198","displayTitle":"Critical Minerals in Orogenic (Gold) and Coeur d’Alene-Type Mineral Systems of the United States","title":"Critical minerals in orogenic (gold) and Coeur d’Alene-type mineral systems of the United States","docAbstract":"Orogenic and Coeur d’Alene-type mineral systems are produced by metamorphic devolatilization of thick volcanic or siliciclastic sedimentary rock sequences and the focused flow of hydrothermal fluids upwards along crustal-scale faults. Most orogenic systems are found along the Cordilleran orogen, stretching from California northwards into Alaska, whereas most Coeur d’Alene-type systems occur in the Proterozoic Belt Basin in Idaho and Montana. Although the deposit types in these systems are exploited for precious and base metals, potential exists for the production of critical minerals necessary for current (2025) societal needs in the United States. Publicly available geochemical data compiled for these mineral systems, coupled with mineralogical characteristics, indicate that several critical minerals could potentially be recovered from unmined resources and processed mine waste: arsenic, antimony, tellurium, cobalt, and tungsten from orogenic gold deposits and zinc, antimony, arsenic, and manganese from Coeur d’Alene-type systems. These critical minerals reside primarily in arsenopyrite (arsenic), scheelite (tungsten), siderite (manganese), sphalerite (zinc), tetrahedrite (antimony and arsenic), stibnite (antimony), and telluride (tellurium) minerals.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/dr1198","programNote":"Mineral Resources Program","usgsCitation":"Taylor, R.D., and Hofstra, A.H., 2025, Critical minerals in orogenic (gold) and Coeur d’Alene-type mineral systems of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Data Report 1198, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/dr1198.","productDescription":"Report: v, 47 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-140707","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493780,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118590.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":489359,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/dr1198/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"DR 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U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 973
Denver, CO 80225
Monitoring populations is challenging for cryptic species with seasonal life cycles, where data from multiple field techniques are commonly collected and analyzed as multiple lines of evidence. Data integration can provide comprehensive inferences while improving accuracy, precision, and scope but faces challenges in modeling misaligned resolutions and observational uncertainties. We developed a multi-scale, integrated species distribution model (MS-iSDM) for North American bats to combine data across monitoring types and seasons using joint likelihood methods, observational models with false-negatives and false-positives, and seasonal migratory connectivity. We applied this model to 11 years of data for an imperiled bat species (tricolored bat, Perimyotis subflavus). Relative abundance and occupancy were linked with multi-scale predictors, revealing clear patterns of population declines, but with important differences in spatial trends (abundance: corresponded with white-nose syndrome impacts, occupancy: at the range periphery) and overall severity (abundance: -74.8%, 95% CRI: -79.7% to -69.3%; occupancy: -35.5%, 95% CRI: -41.1% to -30.2%). The asynchrony between occupancy trends and population impacts was explained as an emergent pattern of spatiotemporal variation in abundance in the integrated distribution model. Compared to multiple lines of evidence, the integrated model provided consensus-estimates, increased precision and spatiotemporal scope, and strengthened evidence of population declines.
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In May–Oct 2018, sediment and passively collected surface water samples were collected from 62 tributary sites of the Laurentian Great Lakes with site catchments spanning various land cover types. Discrete samples of sediment collected manually and time-integrated surface water samples collected with polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) were analyzed for 23 and 34 PFAS, respectively. Concentrations of individual PFAS in sediment and surface water varied immensely among sites from below detection to 20,800 ng kg−1 and 247 ng L−1, respectively. Of all target compounds, PFOS was the most frequently detected in sediment (56 of 62 sites) and had the highest median concentration (132 ng kg−1). PFOA, PFHxS, PFOS, PFHpA, and PFNA (full chemical names are listed in online supplementary material Table S2) were detected in all 60 surface water sites, with median estimated concentrations of 5.9, 5.2, 4.6, 3.7, and 1.3 ng L−1, respectively. Compounds with 8–13 fluorinated carbons comprised a larger proportion of sediment PFAS than compounds with 4–7 fluorinated carbons, whereas compounds with 4–7 fluorinated carbons comprised a greater proportion of PFAS in surface waters. Watershed attributes, including urban land cover, airports per catchment area, and wastewater treatment plants flow percentage were significantly (p < 0.05) and positively related with PFAS sum concentrations in sediment and (or) surface water. Collectively, these results, albeit with some uncertainty in the estimated concentrations, highlight the relation PFAS occurrence has with human activities and documents widespread low-level PFAS contamination across the Great Lakes basin.
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Foundational uncertainties in terminal Ediacaran chronostratigraphy revealed by high-precision zircon U-Pb geochronology of the Nama Group, Namibia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-02T14:50:19.190548","indexId":"70267781","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-30T09:42:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1431,"text":"Earth-Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foundational uncertainties in terminal Ediacaran chronostratigraphy revealed by high-precision zircon U-Pb geochronology of the Nama Group, Namibia","docAbstract":"Insecticide and fungicide seed coatings have become prevalent in conventional agriculture in recent decades. From 2015 to 2021, the AltEn bioenergy plant (Mead, Nebraska, USA) generated ethanol from almost 100% unused/expired treated corn seeds. This use of these seeds for ethanol production resulted in the accumulation of large amounts of contaminated wastewater and solid residue, a portion of which was applied to surrounding farmland. To better understand the potential long-term environmental effects from the processing of treated seeds at this facility, five nearby stream sites were sampled in 2022 after the closure of the plant; these included two sites directly impacted by AltEn, one upstream, and two downstream of the impacted sites. Water and sediment were collected in March through July, and algae and fish samples were collected in July for chemical analysis. Overall, 60 pesticide compounds (parents and transformation products) were detected in one or more matrices, including 23 fungicides, 20 insecticides, 16 herbicides, and 1 bacterial growth inhibitor. Pesticide results (maximum detection frequency, maximum concentration) varied substantially by environmental compartment: water (100% multiple pesticides; 4,600 ng L−1 thiamethoxam transformation product (NOA-407475)), algae (100% multiple pesticides, 190 ng g−1 atrazine), sediment (60% dithiopyr, 2.3 ng g−1 acetochlor) and fish (20% pyraclostrobin, 2.2 ng g−1 atrazine). Pesticides associated with treated corn seeds (e.g., insecticides clothianidin, thiamethoxam; fungicides fluoxastrobin, thiabendazole) were detected at significantly higher concentrations (p < 0.05) in stream water from sites impacted by the AltEn facility compared to non-impacted sites. Study results indicate that pesticides associated with the AltEn facility continue to be a source of contaminants to aquatic systems after the plant’s closure in 2021.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgaf139","usgsCitation":"Hladik, M.L., Kolpin, D., De Parsia, M., Snow, D.D., Bartelt-Hunt, S., Densmore, B., Hubbard, L.E., Rus, D., Spurgeon, J., Perrotta, B.G., Kidd, K.A., Kraus, J.M., Givens, C.E., Kotalik, C.J., and Walters, D., 2025, Pesticide concentrations in multiple physical and biological stream matrices are impacted by a bioenergy production facility receiving pesticide coated corn seeds: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 44, no. 8, p. 2143-2153, https://doi.org/10.1093/etojnl/vgaf139.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2143","endPage":"2153","ipdsId":"IP-173482","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science 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