Increasing our understanding of invasive species is important because of the negative impacts they can have on the economies and ecosystems of invaded regions. There is growing interest in how environmental variability (e.g. temperature) and stochastic invasion events (e.g. founder effects) affect the genetic composition of populations of invasive species. Rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) are a cold-water, planktivorous fish that spread into the Great Lakes basin in the early 1900s. We performed genetic analyses using microsatellites (N = 10) to investigate the influence stochastic invasion events have had on the genetic composition of invasive rainbow smelt populations across a broad geographic range. Genetic analyses were conducted on rainbow smelt populations (N = 30/population) from Lake Ontario, Lake Michigan, Lake Superior, and four inland lakes in Northern Wisconsin. Populations from the Great Lakes were generally less differentiated than inland populations. Additionally, we found evidence of a significant bottleneck in two inland populations and evidence for two distinct genetic strains of rainbow smelt in Lake Ontario. We also performed genetic analyses using microsatellites to determine if a thermally-induced extreme mortality event had an effect on a population of rainbow smelt and found that there was no measurable genetic effect on the population. Overall, this study provides evidence that the genetic structure and diversity of introduced populations can vary significantly, and are likely influenced by factors such as the frequency and magnitude of introductions. Also the resiliency of an invasive species can be high despite a history of bottlenecks and low genetic diversity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2020.01.016","usgsCitation":"Dobosenski, J., Strasburg, J., Larson, W., and Hrabik, T., 2020, Investigating population genetics of invasive rainbow smelt in the Great Lakes Region: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 46, no. 2, p. 382-390, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.01.016.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"382","endPage":"390","ipdsId":"IP-109675","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":481504,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes Region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.74064917677558,\n 47.29910280069214\n ],\n [\n -88.72180472353388,\n 45.92694839046345\n ],\n [\n -87.48882297041533,\n 41.600893566227285\n ],\n [\n -80.91070356084862,\n 41.48254481239488\n ],\n [\n -78.20297539830352,\n 42.832826145165996\n ],\n [\n -76.60960173259036,\n 42.98668563895146\n ],\n [\n -75.64453839868747,\n 44.260789106848705\n ],\n [\n -81.81944877789577,\n 46.04033704847711\n ],\n [\n -88.97252426064546,\n 48.19838227578134\n ],\n [\n -90.15695774500598,\n 47.35524992499353\n ],\n [\n -91.74064917677558,\n 47.29910280069214\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dobosenski, Jamie A.","contributorId":350280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dobosenski","given":"Jamie A.","affiliations":[{"id":16117,"text":"Wisconsin DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":925612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Strasburg, Jared L.","contributorId":350281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strasburg","given":"Jared L.","affiliations":[{"id":34699,"text":"University of Minnesota-Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":925613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larson, Wesley 0000-0003-4473-3401 wlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4473-3401","contributorId":199509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Wesley","email":"wlarson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":925611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hrabik, Thomas R.","contributorId":350283,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hrabik","given":"Thomas R.","affiliations":[{"id":34699,"text":"University of Minnesota-Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":925614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70224951,"text":"70224951 - 2020 - Using ultrasonic acoustics to detect cryptic flying squirrels: Effects of season and habitat suitability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-11T16:33:51.598504","indexId":"70224951","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-02T11:29:34","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using ultrasonic acoustics to detect cryptic flying squirrels: Effects of season and habitat suitability","docAbstract":"New technologies allow for more efficient and effective monitoring of rare or elusive species. However, standardizing protocol to ensure high detection rates is important prior to widespread use of a new technique. The use of ultrasonic acoustic detectors to survey for flying squirrels (Glaucomys spp.) is a novel method that is more efficient than traditional methods. However, certain methodologies for this technique still need to be refined. During 2015, we conducted a seasonal and habitat quality study on the endangered Carolina northern flying squirrel (G. sabrinus coloratus) in western North Carolina, USA. Our seasonal study examined differences in probability of detection (POD) and latency to detection (LTD) at 30 high-quality sites across 10 survey nights in spring, summer, and autumn. The habitat quality study focused on POD and LTD among 15 sites with varying habitat quality (5 High, 5 Medium, 5 Low) across 20 survey nights. We found POD similar between seasons, with POD 15–20% greater during spring. The LTD was comparable among seasons. We found that POD and LTD varied at sites with different habitat quality. The POD was similar between High and Medium sites (0.26 ± 0.04 SE and 0.29 ± 0.05, respectively), but greater than Low sites (0.02 ± 0.02). The LTD was not different among sites with differing habitat quality, although LTD at High sites was 2.7 and 4.5 times lower than Medium and Low sites, respectively. Trill calls, the most distinctive species-specific call type produced by species of flying squirrels, was recorded at greater rates in spring versus other times of the year. Our results indicate flying squirrels can be surveyed during any season, although habitat quality needs to be considered when determining survey length. For Carolina northern flying squirrel, the optimal time to perform acoustic surveys is during the spring season for 6–10 survey nights at sites with high or medium habitat quality.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wsb.1083","usgsCitation":"Diggins, C.A., Gilley, L.M., Kelly, C.A., and Ford, W., 2020, Using ultrasonic acoustics to detect cryptic flying squirrels: Effects of season and habitat suitability: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 44, no. 2, p. 300-308, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1083.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"300","endPage":"308","ipdsId":"IP-105755","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457169,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/8aac4ed0d7164c8186dc2c2d67b4d9c5","text":"External Repository"},{"id":390395,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.87811279296875,\n 35.252348097623354\n ],\n [\n -82.69683837890625,\n 35.40696093270201\n ],\n [\n -82.1942138671875,\n 35.66622234103479\n ],\n [\n -81.87286376953124,\n 36.219902972702606\n ],\n [\n -81.9305419921875,\n 36.357163062654365\n ],\n [\n -82.177734375,\n 36.37264499608118\n ],\n [\n -83.02642822265625,\n 35.92909271208457\n ],\n [\n -83.74603271484375,\n 35.68184060244453\n ],\n [\n -83.9630126953125,\n 35.639441068973944\n ],\n [\n -84.04541015625,\n 35.507635947037855\n ],\n [\n -82.94952392578125,\n 35.191766965947394\n ],\n [\n -82.87811279296875,\n 35.252348097623354\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diggins, Corinne A.","contributorId":171667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Diggins","given":"Corinne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":33131,"text":"Dept of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilley, L. Michelle","contributorId":171670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilley","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michelle","affiliations":[{"id":35652,"text":"Mars Hill University, Mars Hill, NC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelly, Christine A.","contributorId":171661,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelly","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35598,"text":"North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark 0000-0002-9611-594X wford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9611-594X","contributorId":172499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W. Mark","email":"wford@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":824816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70210178,"text":"70210178 - 2020 - Low threshold for nitrogen concentration saturation in headwaters increases regional and coastal delivery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-01T13:53:32.395533","indexId":"70210178","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-02T08:01:50","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Low threshold for nitrogen concentration saturation in headwaters increases regional and coastal delivery","docAbstract":"River corridors store, convey, and process nutrients from terrestrial and upstream sources, regulating delivery from headwaters to estuaries. A consequence of chronic excess nitrogen loading, as supported by theory and field studies in specific areas, is saturation of the biogeochemically-mediated nitrogen removal processes that weakens the capacity of the river corridor to remove nitrogen. Regional nitrogen models typically assume that removal capacity exhibits first-order behavior, scaling positively and linearly with increasing concentration, which may bias the estimation of where and at what rate nitrogen is removed by river corridors. Here we estimate the nitrogen concentration saturation threshold and its effects on nitrogen export from the Northeastern United States, revealing an average 42% concentration-induced reduction in headwater removal capacity. The weakened capacity caused an average 10% increase in the predicted delivery of riverine nitrogen from urban and agricultural watersheds compared to estimates using first-order process assumptions. Our results suggest that nitrogen removal may fall below a first-order process at a low riverine threshold concentration of 0.5 mg N L-1. Threshold behavior indicates that even modest mitigation of nitrogen concentration in river corridors above the threshold can cause a self-reinforcing boost to nitrogen removal.","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Publishing","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ab751b","usgsCitation":"Schmadel, N., Harvey, J., Alexander, R., Boyer, E.W., Schwarz, G.E., Gomez-Velez, J., Scott, D., and Konrad, C., 2020, Low threshold for nitrogen concentration saturation in headwaters increases regional and coastal delivery: Environmental Research Letters, v. 15, no. 4, 044018, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab751b.","productDescription":"044018, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-114890","costCenters":[{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gomez-Velez, Jesus D.","contributorId":219103,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gomez-Velez","given":"Jesus D.","affiliations":[{"id":39962,"text":"Department of Earth & Environmental Science, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Scott, Durelle","contributorId":219088,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"Durelle","affiliations":[{"id":39959,"text":"Virginia 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Announcements","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Draft genome of an adomavirus associated with raised mucoid skin lesions on smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu)","docAbstract":"Raised mucoid skin lesions have been observed on smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) for years. Here we report a draft genome of a novel adomavirus (Micropterus dolomieu adomavirus 2) associated with this disease. The circular genome is 17,561 bp and most similar to that of alpha-Adomaviruses.","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/MRA.01479-19","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Iwanowicz, L., Young, K.T., Adams, C.R., Blazer, V., Smith, G., and Cornman, R.S., 2020, Draft genome of an adomavirus associated with raised mucoid skin lesions on smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu): Microbiology Resource Announcements, v. 9, no. 14, e01479-19, 3 p., https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.01479-19.","productDescription":"e01479-19, 3 p.","ipdsId":"IP-112637","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457173,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mra.01479-19","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":374569,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iwanowicz, Luke 0000-0002-1197-6178","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-6178","contributorId":221231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Luke","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":788730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, Kelsey T.","contributorId":224593,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Kelsey","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12697,"text":"University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":788731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Cynthia R. 0000-0003-4383-530X cradams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4383-530X","contributorId":176965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Cynthia","email":"cradams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki S. 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":150384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki S.","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Geoffrey","contributorId":199064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Geoffrey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cornman, Robert S. 0000-0001-9511-2192 rcornman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9511-2192","contributorId":5356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornman","given":"Robert","email":"rcornman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70220191,"text":"70220191 - 2020 - Do actions speak louder than words? Comparing the effect of risk aversion on objective and self-reported mitigation measures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-23T21:29:00.686727","indexId":"70220191","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-01T16:27:53","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8572,"text":"Journal of Environmental Behavior and Organization","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Do actions speak louder than words? Comparing the effect of risk aversion on objective and self-reported mitigation measures","docAbstract":"Risky behaviors are of public concern when they are associated with negative externalities. Public programs and policy seek to incentivize less risky behaviors in an effort to reduce or eliminate such social costs. It is in this context that the relationship between risk aversion and risky behaviors is of particular interest. However, the literature on risk aversion and risky behaviors has largely relied on self-reported behaviors. Whether intentional or unintentional, self-reported behaviors may differ from objective measures of behavior. Because policies and programs are often based on objective measures of behavior, rather than self-reports, we ask the question of whether observed relationships between risk preferences and self-reported behaviors extend to objective measures of behavior.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2019.11.019","usgsCitation":"Champ, P.A., Meldrum, J., Brenkert-Smith, H., Warziniack, T., Barth, C.M., Falk, L.C., and Gomez, J., 2020, Do actions speak louder than words? Comparing the effect of risk aversion on objective and self-reported mitigation measures: Journal of Environmental Behavior and Organization, v. 169, p. 301-313, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2019.11.019.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"313","ipdsId":"IP-083207","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385296,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"169","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Champ, Patricia A.","contributorId":195486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Champ","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":814680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meldrum, James R. 0000-0001-5250-3759 jmeldrum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5250-3759","contributorId":195484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meldrum","given":"James","email":"jmeldrum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brenkert-Smith, Hannah 0000-0001-6117-8863","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-8863","contributorId":195485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brenkert-Smith","given":"Hannah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":814682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Warziniack, Travis 0000-0002-9431-2288","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9431-2288","contributorId":217841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warziniack","given":"Travis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16848,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barth, Christopher M.","contributorId":195487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barth","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":814684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Falk, Lilia C.","contributorId":210655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Falk","given":"Lilia","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":38125,"text":"West Region Wildfire Council","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gomez, Jamie","contributorId":218078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gomez","given":"Jamie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38125,"text":"West Region Wildfire Council","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70211966,"text":"70211966 - 2020 - Runoff-initiated post-fire debris flow Western Cascades, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-12T20:57:19.586297","indexId":"70211966","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-01T15:54:15","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2604,"text":"Landslides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Runoff-initiated post-fire debris flow Western Cascades, Oregon","docAbstract":"Wildfires dramatically alter the hydraulics and root reinforcement of soil on forested hillslopes, which can promote the generation of debris flows. In the Pacific Northwest, post-fire shallow landsliding has been well documented and studied, but the potential role of runoff-initiated debris flows is not well understood and only one previous to 2018 had been documented in the region. On 20 June 2018, approximately 1 year after the Milli fire burned 24,000 acres, a runoff-initiated debris flow occurred on the flanks of Black Crater in the Oregon Cascade Range. The debris flow was initiated via dispersed rilling on > 30-degree slopes near the crater rim and traveled > 1.5 km downslope. We measured exceptionally low soil infiltration rates at the study site, likely due to high burn severity during the Milli fire. Based on nearby 5-min rain gage data, we quantified rainfall rates for the storm event that triggered the debris flow. Our results show that peak 15-min rainfall rates were 25.4 mmh−1, equaling or exceeding the measured infiltration rates at the study site, which had a geometric mean of ~ 24 mmh−1. Field mapping shows that high burn severity resulted in the initiation of the debris flow and that convergent and steep topography promoted the development of a debris flow at this site. As wildfires increase in frequency and intensity across the western USA, the Pacific Northwest could become more susceptible to runoff-initiated debris flows. Therefore, characterization of the conditions that resulted in this debris flow is crucial for understanding how runoff-initiated debris flows may shape terrain and impact hazards in the Pacific Northwest.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springerlink","doi":"10.1007/s10346-020-01376-9","usgsCitation":"Wall, S., Roering, J., and Rengers, F.K., 2020, Runoff-initiated post-fire debris flow Western Cascades, Oregon: Landslides, v. 17, p. 1649-1661, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-020-01376-9.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1649","endPage":"1661","ipdsId":"IP-114420","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377441,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Western Cascades","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.882080078125,\n 43.23719944365308\n ],\n [\n -121.695556640625,\n 43.23719944365308\n ],\n [\n -121.695556640625,\n 45.26715476332791\n ],\n [\n -122.882080078125,\n 45.26715476332791\n ],\n [\n -122.882080078125,\n 43.23719944365308\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wall, Sara","contributorId":238092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wall","given":"Sara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33615,"text":"Carleton College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roering, J.J.","contributorId":238093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roering","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rengers, Francis K. 0000-0002-1825-0943 frengers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1825-0943","contributorId":150422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rengers","given":"Francis","email":"frengers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70228481,"text":"70228481 - 2020 - Can genetic assignment tests provide insight on the influence of captive egression on epizootiology of chronic wasting disease?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-11T19:21:28.963805","indexId":"70228481","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-01T13:15:23","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1601,"text":"Evolutionary Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Can genetic assignment tests provide insight on the influence of captive egression on epizootiology of chronic wasting disease?","docAbstract":"Identifying the sources of ongoing and novel disease outbreaks is critical for understanding the diffusion of epizootic diseases. Identifying infection sources is difficult when few physical differences separate individuals with different origins. Genetic assignment procedures show great promise for assessing transmission dynamics in such situations. Here, we use genetic assignment tests to determine the source of chronic wasting disease infections in free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations. Natural dispersal is thought to facilitate the geographic diffusion of chronic wasting disease, but egression from captive cervid populations represents an alternative source of infection that is difficult to detect due to physical similarities with wild deer. Simulated reference populations were created based on allele frequencies from 1,912 empirical microsatellite genotypes collected in four sampling subregions and five captive facilities. These reference populations were used to assess the likelihood of ancestry and assignment of 1,861 free-ranging deer (1,834 noninfected and 27 infected) and 51 captive individuals to captive or wild populations. The ancestry (Q) and assignment scores (A) for free-ranging deer to wild populations were high (average Qwild = 0.913 and average Awild = 0.951, respectively), but varied among subregions (Qwild = 0.800–0.947, Awild = 0.857–0.976). These findings suggest that captive egression and admixture are rare, but risk may not be spatially uniform. Ancestry and assignment scores for two free-ranging deer with chronic wasting disease sampled in an area where chronic wasting disease was previously unobserved in free-ranging herds indicated a higher likelihood of assignment and proportion of ancestry attributable to captive populations. While we cannot directly assign these individuals to infected facilities, these findings suggest that rare egression events may influence the epizootiology of chronic wasting disease in free-ranging populations. Continued disease surveillance and genetic analyses may further elucidate the relative disease risk attributable to captive and wild sources.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eva.12895","usgsCitation":"Miller, W.L., and Walter, W., 2020, Can genetic assignment tests provide insight on the influence of captive egression on epizootiology of chronic wasting disease?: Evolutionary Applications, v. 13, no. 4, p. 715-726, https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12895.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"715","endPage":"726","ipdsId":"IP-111530","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457178,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12895","text":"External Repository"},{"id":395859,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.870849609375,\n 38.77978137804918\n ],\n [\n -77.080078125,\n 38.8824811975508\n ],\n [\n -76.3330078125,\n 39.73253798438173\n ],\n [\n -76.32202148437499,\n 41.40153558289846\n ],\n [\n -79.925537109375,\n 41.30257109430557\n ],\n [\n -78.870849609375,\n 38.77978137804918\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, William L.","contributorId":200356,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walter, W. David 0000-0003-3068-1073","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3068-1073","contributorId":219540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"W. David","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70208771,"text":"sir20205021 - 2020 - Effects of box culverts on stream habitat, channel morphology, and fish and macroinvertebrate communities at selected sites in South Carolina, 2016–18","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-26T18:43:50.872109","indexId":"sir20205021","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-5021","displayTitle":"Effects of Box Culverts on Stream Habitat, Channel Morphology, and Fish and Macroinvertebrate Communities at Selected Sites in South Carolina, 2016–18","title":"Effects of box culverts on stream habitat, channel morphology, and fish and macroinvertebrate communities at selected sites in South Carolina, 2016–18","docAbstract":"Much attention has been placed on the role that under-roadway culverts may have in inhibiting upstream fish movement because of altered hydrology and unsuitable conditions for accessing or swimming through the culvert. Other culvert effects related to habitat alterations or disturbance to macroinvertebrate communities have received relatively little attention. Entities responsible for culverts or other stream crossing structures are required to follow the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers guidelines for compensatory mitigation should any disturbance result from an engineering activity. One factor considered in the scoring of mitigation requirements is culvert length. Except for shading a longer length of stream, it is unknown whether longer culverts result in greater disturbance to stream habitat or the biotic communities than shorter culverts. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the South Carolina Department of Transportation, evaluated the role of culverts in altering physical habitat and community structure of fish and macroinvertebrates at 20 sites in South Carolina. Culvert sites were categorized by length (either greater than 30.5 meters or less than or equal to 30.5 meters) and physiographic province (Piedmont or upper Coastal Plain). This study design allowed for a regional assessment to determine if culverts may have different effects on habitat and biotic communities in different physical settings. The results indicated considerable variation in physical habitat characteristics within and among the culvert sites from all categories. A consistent finding was that channel cross-sectional area tended to increase in reaches downstream from culverts in the upper Coastal Plain. The primary dimension of change was vertical, that is, incision of the streambed. This change, however, did not seem to coincide with a deleterious effect on the fish community. Increased habitat complexity and greater taxonomic richness were observed at most sites with downstream incision. Macroinvertebrate communities were highly variable and did not tend to cluster along any of the culvert categories, which may reflect the variability of microhabitats within each site. In contrast, fish communities were largely segregated by physiographic province but did not show any other significant clustering on the basis of upstream or downstream reach or culvert length. Given the small within-group sample size, extrapolation of results should be done carefully, acknowledging the physiographic and group characteristics.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205021","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the South Carolina Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Riley, J.W., Beaulieu, K.M., Walsh, S.J., and Journey, C.A., 2020, Effects of box culverts on stream habitat, channel morphology, and fish and macroinvertebrate communities at selected sites in South Carolina, 2016–18: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5021, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205021.","productDescription":"viii, 51 p.","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-104418","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437037,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9VD9AYY","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Stream habitat and geomorphic characteristics above and below 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U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Stephenson Center, Suite 129
Columbia, SC 29210
White-nose syndrome is an emerging fungal disease that has devastated hibernating bat populations across eastern North America. The causal pathogen, Pseudogymnoascus destructans (PD), is a psychrophilic fungus with a known maximal growth temperature of 20 C. Although it is widely speculated that PD is primarily spread between hibernacula by the movement of bats, experimental evidence is lacking to demonstrate that PD can endure temperatures experienced by active bats for periods of time that would facilitate dispersal of viable fungus. We used an in vitro culture-based approach to study the survival of PD conidia on three artificial growth media and bat fur. The fungus was incubated at three temperatures it might realistically be exposed to on nonhibernating bats or in the environment outside of caves and mines (24 C, 30 C, and 37 C). When incubated on artificial media, we found that PD conidia were able to survive for a maximum of 150 d when exposed to temperatures of 24 C, 60 d at 30 C, and 15 d at 37 C. At all temperatures, maximal survival duration was recorded when conidia were incubated on brain–heart infusion agar with 10% volume of sheep (Ovis aries) blood. When incubated on bat fur, viable PD was recovered at 180 d, 60 d, and 5 d when exposed to temperatures of 24 C, 30 C, and 37 C, respectively. Our results suggest that viable PD conidia may be able to survive on or within the bodies of bats, which may facilitate long-distance dispersal. The long-term viability of the fungus on various fomites may differ, and therefore must be assessed for each potential substrate.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/2019-04-106","usgsCitation":"Campbell, L., Walsh, D.P., Blehert, D.S., and Lorch, J., 2020, Long-term survival of Pseudogymnoascus destructans at elevated temperatures: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 56, no. 2, p. 278-287, https://doi.org/10.7589/2019-04-106.","productDescription":"10 p.; Data Release","startPage":"278","endPage":"287","ipdsId":"IP-109485","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":418304,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9WCBGUQ"},{"id":418305,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, Lewis 0000-0002-7852-2250","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7852-2250","contributorId":220373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Lewis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walsh, Daniel P. 0000-0002-7772-2445","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7772-2445","contributorId":219539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blehert, David S. 0000-0002-1065-9760 dblehert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1065-9760","contributorId":140397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blehert","given":"David","email":"dblehert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lorch, Jeffrey M. 0000-0003-2239-1252","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2239-1252","contributorId":260164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorch","given":"Jeffrey M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70228781,"text":"70228781 - 2020 - Bark beetle-affected forests provide elk only a marginal refuge from hunters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-21T17:08:00.01393","indexId":"70228781","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-01T10:56:21","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bark beetle-affected forests provide elk only a marginal refuge from hunters","docAbstract":"For nearly 2 decades, the forests of the Rocky Mountains in the United States experienced a bark-beetle (Dendoctronus ponderosae) epidemic. The number of dead and falling trees from this epidemic likely will affect how elk (Cervus canadensis) and hunters use the forest and their interactions. Downed trees potentially create a component of refuge habitat that could affect the effectiveness of hunting to regulate abundance of growing elk populations. We evaluated how forests affected by bark beetles in south-central Wyoming, USA, influenced resource selection of 50 female elk and 374 hunters in 2012–2016, and interactions between elk and hunters. We employed global positioning system (GPS) technology on elk and hunters, and developed a satellite-derived land classification specifically depicting beetle-affected forests. We tested the predictions that elk would increase use of beetle-killed areas from summer to the hunting season, and that hunters would avoid beetle-killed areas regardless of elk use. Elk increased use of beetle-killed areas during hunting seasons as did hunters during the archery season; however, during the rifle season, hunters avoided beetle-killed areas. Nevertheless, during the rifle season, areas of beetle-kill with a high probability of elk occurrence dampened the aversion hunters had towards beetle-killed areas. Therefore, in contrast to our expectations, forests that have been altered by the bark-beetle epidemic may only function marginally as a refuge for elk. Our study area was at the beginning of the tree-fall phase (i.e., ~3–7 yr after peak infestation) of the bark-beetle epidemic; thus, future research efforts should focus on how a continued increase in downed trees will influence interactions between elk and hunters. At current levels of tree fall, however, beetle-kill should not limit the ability of managers to regulate elk herds through harvest.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21814","usgsCitation":"Lamont, B.G., Kauffman, M., Merkle, J., Mong, T.W., Hayes, M.M., and Monteith, K.L., 2020, Bark beetle-affected forests provide elk only a marginal refuge from hunters: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 84, no. 3, p. 413-424, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21814.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"413","endPage":"424","ipdsId":"IP-114069","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396229,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Medicine Bow-Routt National Forest, Sierra Madre Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.138671875,\n 41.00373905329032\n ],\n 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-107.31033325195312,\n 41.01824673528659\n ],\n [\n -107.24716186523438,\n 41.01513821521511\n ],\n [\n -107.24853515625,\n 41.02446333535115\n ],\n [\n -107.16476440429686,\n 41.02239120052721\n ],\n [\n -107.138671875,\n 41.00373905329032\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lamont, Bryan G.","contributorId":244120,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamont","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":48000,"text":"U Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kauffman, Matthew J. 0000-0003-0127-3900","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0127-3900","contributorId":202921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Matthew","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Merkle, Jerod A.","contributorId":270410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merkle","given":"Jerod A.","affiliations":[{"id":40829,"text":"uwy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mong, Tony W.","contributorId":243064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mong","given":"Tony","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":48630,"text":"wy gF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hayes, Matthew M.","contributorId":172344,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayes","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Monteith, Kevin L.","contributorId":198656,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monteith","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70232201,"text":"70232201 - 2020 - Plasticity of Least Tern and Piping Plover nesting behaviors in response to sand temperature","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-13T16:12:30.519152","indexId":"70232201","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-01T10:52:31","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10932,"text":"Thermal Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Plasticity of Least Tern and Piping Plover nesting behaviors in response to sand temperature","docAbstract":"Birds that nest on the ground in open areas, such as Piping Plovers (Charadrius melodus) and Interior Least Terns (Sternula antillarum athalassos), are exposed to high temperatures in thermally stressful environments. As a result, some ground-nesting avian species have adapted behavioral strategies to maintain thermal regulation of eggs and themselves. We assessed the impact of sand temperature on shorebird nesting behaviors by installing video cameras and thermocouples at 52 Least Tern and 55 Piping Plover nests on the Missouri River in North Dakota during the 2014–2015 breeding seasons. Daily duration and frequency of shading behaviors exhibited a nonlinear relationship with temperature; therefore, we used segmented regressions to determine at what threshold temperature (mean temperature = 25.7⸰C for shading behavior daily frequency and mean temperature = 25.1⸰C for shading behavior daily duration) shorebird adults exhibited a behavioral response to rising sand temperatures. Daily nest attendance of both species decreased with increasing sand temperatures in our system. Frequency and duration of daily shading behaviors were positively correlated with sand temperatures above the temperature threshold. Piping Plovers exhibited more and longer shading behaviors above and below the temperature thresholds (below: frequency = 10.30 ± 1.69 se, duration = 7.29 min ± 2.35 se; above: frequency = 59.27 ± 6.87 se) compared to Least Terns (below: frequency = −1.37 ± 1.98 se, duration = −0.73 min ± 1.51 se; above: frequency = 31.32 ± 7.29 se). The effects of sand temperature on avian ground-nesting behavior will be critical to understand in order to adapt or develop recovery plans in response to climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102579","usgsCitation":"Andes, A.K., Sherfy, M.H., Shaffer, T.L., and Ellis-Felege, S., 2020, Plasticity of Least Tern and Piping Plover nesting behaviors in response to sand temperature: Thermal Biology, v. 91, 102579, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102579.","productDescription":"102579, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-109668","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457182,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://commons.und.edu/bio-fac/38","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":402097,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Garrison Reach, Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.83526611328125,\n 46.854556538855746\n ],\n [\n -100.8929443359375,\n 46.976504510552\n ],\n [\n -100.83526611328125,\n 47.025206001585396\n ],\n [\n -100.92041015625,\n 47.178512264439085\n ],\n [\n -100.953369140625,\n 47.225164175678934\n ],\n [\n -100.94512939453125,\n 47.29040793812928\n ],\n [\n -101.195068359375,\n 47.31462086107463\n ],\n [\n -101.217041015625,\n 47.277365616965646\n ],\n [\n -101.304931640625,\n 47.320206883852414\n ],\n [\n -101.392822265625,\n 47.48194469821279\n ],\n [\n -101.46148681640625,\n 47.5153457091302\n ],\n [\n -101.44500732421875,\n 47.429945332976125\n ],\n [\n -101.41754150390625,\n 47.32393057095941\n ],\n [\n -101.32415771484375,\n 47.2512713278804\n ],\n [\n -101.195068359375,\n 47.22329888685773\n ],\n [\n -101.041259765625,\n 47.26059219342468\n ],\n [\n -101.0137939453125,\n 47.154237057576616\n ],\n [\n -100.92315673828125,\n 47.03269459852135\n ],\n [\n -100.975341796875,\n 46.98774725646568\n ],\n [\n -100.89569091796874,\n 46.84140712700584\n ],\n [\n -100.83526611328125,\n 46.854556538855746\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"91","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andes, Alicia K. 0000-0002-9473-2354","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9473-2354","contributorId":244125,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andes","given":"Alicia","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":17628,"text":"University of North Dakota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":844578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherfy, Mark H. 0000-0003-3016-4105 msherfy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3016-4105","contributorId":125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherfy","given":"Mark","email":"msherfy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":844579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shaffer, Terry L. 0000-0001-6950-8951 tshaffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6950-8951","contributorId":3192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Terry","email":"tshaffer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":844580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ellis-Felege, Susan N.","contributorId":244128,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellis-Felege","given":"Susan N.","affiliations":[{"id":17628,"text":"University of North Dakota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":844581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70215739,"text":"70215739 - 2020 - Appendix C: Patterns of bull trout Salvelinus confluentus demography, life history and abundance in the North Fork Lewis River — 2019 Annual Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T15:07:06.722396","indexId":"70215739","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-01T10:01:13","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10267,"text":"Annual Operations Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"title":"Appendix C: Patterns of bull trout Salvelinus confluentus demography, life history and abundance in the North Fork Lewis River — 2019 Annual Report","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Lewis River Bull Trout (Salvelinus confluentus) annual operations report","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"PacifiCorp","usgsCitation":"Al-Chokhachy, R., and Doyle, J., 2020, Appendix C: Patterns of bull trout Salvelinus confluentus demography, life history and abundance in the North Fork Lewis River — 2019 Annual Report: Annual Operations Report, 33 p.","productDescription":"33 p.","ipdsId":"IP-116975","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":398923,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":379854,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.pacificorp.com/energy/hydro/lewis-river/acc-tcc.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"North Fork Lewis River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.39593505859376,\n 45.80965764997408\n ],\n [\n -121.61315917968749,\n 45.80965764997408\n ],\n [\n -121.61315917968749,\n 46.20454728416395\n ],\n [\n -122.39593505859376,\n 46.20454728416395\n ],\n [\n -122.39593505859376,\n 45.80965764997408\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Al-Chokhachy, Robert K. 0000-0002-2136-5098","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-5098","contributorId":228929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Chokhachy","given":"Robert K.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doyle, Jeremiah","contributorId":214617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doyle","given":"Jeremiah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39086,"text":"PacifiCorp","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70206592,"text":"sir20195128 - 2020 - Hydrogeology and shallow groundwater quality in the tidal Anacostia River watershed, Washington, D.C.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-25T19:32:37.833436","indexId":"sir20195128","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2019-5128","displayTitle":"Hydrogeology and Shallow Groundwater Quality in the Tidal Anacostia River Watershed, Washington, D.C.","title":"Hydrogeology and shallow groundwater quality in the tidal Anacostia River watershed, Washington, D.C.","docAbstract":"Groundwater hydrology and geochemistry within the tidal Anacostia River watershed of Washington, D.C. are related to natural and human influences. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the District Department of Energy & Environment, began investigating the hydrogeology and groundwater quality of the watershed in 2002. Lithologic coring, groundwater-level and tidal monitoring, and water-quality sampling have been conducted to improve understanding of the groundwater-flow system, geochemistry, water quality, and the likely interaction between groundwater and the tidal Anacostia River. The flow and interaction of shallow groundwater with the tidal Anacostia River and other area streams are affected by diversions, pumping, land reclamation, and other human activities in this highly urbanized watershed.
The tidal Anacostia River watershed is underlain by a wedge of unconsolidated sediments that is part of the Atlantic Coastal Plain Physiographic Province. These sediments form a system of confined and unconfined aquifers. The coarse sediments of the Potomac Group sand-dominated lithofacies form the Patuxent aquifer. The Patuxent aquifer crops out and subcrops in the northwestern part of the study area, but is confined to the southeast by the overlying Potomac Group clay-dominated lithofacies. Overlying the Potomac Group is a series of interbedded sands and clays that form an unconfined surficial aquifer system. Regional correlation in the unconfined surficial aquifer system is complicated by local heterogeneity in aquifer sediments. Local perched and semi-confined conditions occur in some areas.
Recharge of the confined Patuxent aquifer occurs primarily in the outcrop and subcrop area, although some recharge may also occur through overlying confining units. Recharge to the unconfined surficial aquifer system occurs through infiltration of precipitation and possible artificial recharge from structures such as underground water or sewer pipes. In the Patuxent aquifer, hydraulic gradients indicate downward movement in the outcrop area, whereas hydraulic heads beneath the Anacostia River are higher than land surface, indicating an upward hydraulic gradient. In the unconfined surficial aquifer system, groundwater generally flows from upland recharge areas towards discharge areas near the Anacostia River and its tributaries. Groundwater from the confined part of the Patuxent aquifer also may discharge to the Anacostia River in locations where the overlying clay-dominated lithofacies of the Potomac Group is absent as a result of past geologic and (or) alluvial processes.
Geochemistry and groundwater quality are affected by hydrologic conditions as well as anthropogenic influences. Local variability in groundwater quality reflects local variability in hydrogeologic conditions and sources of chemicals. Groundwater ranges from anoxic and iron- or calcium-bicarbonate type, to oxic with elevated nitrate. The occurrence and distribution of pesticides, volatile organic compounds, and other selected chemical compounds in groundwater reflect the multitude of sources common to urban areas, as well as variable hydrogeologic and geochemical conditions that affect their fate and transport in the environment. Overall, concentrations of only a few of the over 200 chemical constituents included in laboratory analyses exceeded regulatory standards or guidance values. These include tetrachloroethene and arsenic, which were each detected one time in different wells. There were also several detections of iron and manganese that exceeded regulatory standards or guidance values that are associated with reducing conditions in aquifer sediments.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20195128","usgsCitation":"Ator, S.W., Denver, J.M., and Dieter, C.A., 2020, Hydrogeology and shallow groundwater quality in the tidal Anacostia River watershed, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5128, 93 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195128.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 93 p.; 6 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"106","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-039169","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373579,"rank":8,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5128/sir20195128_appendix5.pdf","text":"Appendix 5","size":"10.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- South Capitol Street Geotechnical Report, MACTEC Engineering and Consulting, Inc., 2005 (reproduced with permission)"},{"id":399609,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_109888.htm"},{"id":373578,"rank":7,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5128/sir20195128_appendix4d.txt","text":"Appendix 4d","size":"1.45 MB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"linkHelpText":"- Tide Levels at USGS Station 01651750, Anacostia River Aquatic Gardens at Washington, D.C., 2007"},{"id":373577,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5128/sir20195128_appendix4c.txt","text":"Appendix 4c","size":"1.97 MB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"linkHelpText":"- Tide Levels at USGS Station 01651750, Anacostia River Aquatic Gardens at Washington, D.C., 2006"},{"id":373569,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5128/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":373570,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5128/sir20195128.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.52 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2019-5128"},{"id":373575,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5128/sir20195128_appendix4a.txt","text":"Appendix 4a","size":"1.20 MB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"linkHelpText":"- Tide Levels at USGS Station 01651750, Anacostia River Aquatic Gardens at Washington, D.C., 2004"},{"id":373576,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5128/sir20195128_appendix4b.txt","text":"Appendix 4b","size":"2.08 MB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"linkHelpText":"- Tide Levels at USGS Station 01651750, Anacostia River Aquatic Gardens at Washington, D.C., 2005"},{"id":373574,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2019/5128/sir20195128_appendix3.xlsx","text":"Appendix 3","size":"59.4 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"linkHelpText":"- Instantaneous Groundwater-Level Measurements Collected at Selected Sites in the Anacostia River Watershed, 2002–11"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington, D.C.","otherGeospatial":"Tidal Anacostia River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.1185302734375,\n 38.79048618862274\n ],\n [\n -76.93313598632812,\n 38.79048618862274\n ],\n [\n -76.93313598632812,\n 38.93698019310818\n ],\n [\n -77.1185302734375,\n 38.93698019310818\n ],\n [\n -77.1185302734375,\n 38.79048618862274\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, MD-DE-DC Water Science Center
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5522 Research Park Drive
Baltimore, MD 21228
Determining which traits characterize strategies of coexisting species is important to developing trait‐based models of plant communities. First, global dimensions may not exist locally. Second, the degree to which traits and trait spectra constitute independent dimensions of functional variation at various scales continues to be refined. Finally, traits may be associated with existing categorical groupings.
We assessed trait integration and differentiation across 57 forest understory plant species in Douglas‐fir forests of western Oregon, United States. We combined measurements for a range of traits with literature‐based estimates of seed mass and species groupings. We used network analysis and nonmetric multidimensional scaling ordination (NMS) to determine the degree of integration.
We observed a strong leaf economics spectrum (LES) integrated with stem but not root traits. However, stem traits and intrinsic water‐use efficiency integrated LES and root traits. Network analyses indicated a modest grouping of a priori trait dimensions. NMS indicated that multivariate differences among species were related primarily to (1) rooting depth and plant height vs. specific root length, (2) the LES, and (3) leaf size vs. seed mass. These differences were related to species groupings associated with growth and life form, leaf lifespan and seed dispersal mechanisms.
The strategies of coexisting understory plant species could not be reduced to a single dimension. Yet, species can be characterized efficiently and effectively for trait‐based studies of plant communities by measuring four common traits: plant height, specific leaf area, leaf size, and seed mass.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ajb2.1451","usgsCitation":"Burton, J.I., Perakis, S.S., Brooks, J.R., and Puettmann, K.J., 2020, Trait integration and functional differentiation among co-existing plant species: American Journal of Botany, v. 107, no. 4, p. 628-638, https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1451.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"628","endPage":"638","ipdsId":"IP-095474","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457186,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8108537","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":378745,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.1455078125,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -120.25634765624999,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -120.25634765624999,\n 45.78284835197676\n ],\n [\n -124.1455078125,\n 45.78284835197676\n ],\n [\n -124.1455078125,\n 41.983994270935625\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burton, Julia I. 0000-0002-3205-8819","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3205-8819","contributorId":192599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burton","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perakis, Steven S. 0000-0003-0703-9314 sperakis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-9314","contributorId":145528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"Steven","email":"sperakis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":799606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brooks, J. Renee","contributorId":241131,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooks","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Renee","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":799607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Puettmann, Klaus J.","contributorId":192602,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Puettmann","given":"Klaus","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70209458,"text":"70209458 - 2020 - Cooperatively improving tallgrass prairie with adaptive management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-10T16:04:37.654404","indexId":"70209458","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-01T08:19:44","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cooperatively improving tallgrass prairie with adaptive management","docAbstract":"Adaptive management (AM) is widely recommended as an approach for learning to improve resource management, but successful AM projects remain relatively uncommon, with few documented examples applied by natural resource management agencies. We used AM to make recommendations for the management of native tallgrass prairie plant communities in western Minnesota and eastern North and South Dakota, USA. After nine years of data collection and learning, we report on whether the condition of the prairie improved with management and which actions and frequency of action allowed improvement. Our approach to AM employed Bayesian updating to generate annual management recommendations at a site and state-dependent scale. We also used a logistic regression approach to complement the output from the AM model and evaluate the more general conditions which led to attaining management goals. Overall, the cover of native plants increased for low-quality sites, and among the management practices considered, we found that burning most effectively enhanced the native prairie plant community and increased the dominance of native indicator species. Contrary to expectations, the results also suggest that grazing on sites that started in a poor condition were less likely to show improvements in the native plant community. Complementing AM with more traditional statistical analyses can help inform the iterative doubleloop learning phase of the AM framework. AM has many challenges, but we demonstrate that multi-agency AM can be successful. Keys to success include starting the project with an in-person, in-depth workshop; standardized protocols and a centralized database; a core project team with multi-disciplinary backgrounds; stability in project leadership; and regular communication to meet annual deadlines.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3095","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Ahlering, M., Carlson, D., Vacek, S., Jacobi, S., Hunt, V., Stanton, J.C., Knutson, M.G., and Lonsdorf, E.V., 2020, Cooperatively improving tallgrass prairie with adaptive management: Ecosphere, v. 11, no. 4, e03095, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3095.","productDescription":"e03095, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-106974","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457188,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3095","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":373859,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -101.57958984375,\n 42.58544425738491\n ],\n [\n -93.42773437499999,\n 42.58544425738491\n ],\n [\n -93.42773437499999,\n 48.951366470947725\n ],\n [\n -101.57958984375,\n 48.951366470947725\n ],\n [\n -101.57958984375,\n 42.58544425738491\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ahlering, Marissa 0000-0002-3913-428X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3913-428X","contributorId":171943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ahlering","given":"Marissa","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlson, Daren","contributorId":219541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlson","given":"Daren","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6964,"text":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vacek, Sara","contributorId":178445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vacek","given":"Sara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":786555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jacobi, Sarah","contributorId":149496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacobi","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17752,"text":"Chicago Botanic Garden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hunt, Vicky","contributorId":219542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunt","given":"Vicky","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17752,"text":"Chicago Botanic Garden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stanton, Jessica C. 0000-0002-6225-3703 jcstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6225-3703","contributorId":5634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Jessica","email":"jcstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Knutson, Melinda G.","contributorId":205325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knutson","given":"Melinda","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lonsdorf, Eric V.","contributorId":149495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lonsdorf","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":17752,"text":"Chicago Botanic Garden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70209474,"text":"70209474 - 2020 - Through thick and thin: Sexing Bristle-thighed Curlews Numenius tahitiensis using measures of bill depth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-01T13:15:22.500537","indexId":"70209474","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-01T07:26:35","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5557,"text":"Wader Study","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Through thick and thin: Sexing Bristle-thighed Curlews Numenius tahitiensis using measures of bill depth","docAbstract":"Birds often exhibit diagnostic traits that differ among individuals of the same species with regard to factors like sex, age, or breeding status. Shorebirds exhibit a wide diversity of colors, shapes, and sizes of their bills, and these traits are commonly used to determine the sex of individuals. In curlews (genus Numenius), length alone accurately separates the sexes in some species, but the shape of the bill has not typically been assessed for this purpose. We collected a suite of measurements on the bills of known-sex Bristle-thighed Curlews N. tahitiensis and determined that standardized measurements of bill depth separated the sexes with high accuracy. A model incorporating the length of a bird’s diagonal tarsus and multiple measurements of the bill was 93.1% accurate in predicting the sex of individual Bristle-thighed Curlews. Simpler models involving only the values of the bill depth near the tip and the base of the bill, however, produced similarly accurate results and are preferred for their parsimony. We advocate the use of one such model that is 93.4% accurate in determining the sex of Bristle-thighed Curlews. As a simple heuristic, a value for the ratio of the bill depth near the tip to that at the base of >0.5 indicated a female, providing an easy field calculation to help determine the sex of Bristle-thighed Curlews. In general, the bills of female Bristle-thighed Curlews are deeper and taper relatively less than those of males. Other observers have qualitatively noted apparent sex-specific differences in the shape of curlew bills, but the generality of our quantitative findings remains to be examined in other curlew species.","language":"English","publisher":"International Wader Study Group","doi":"10.18194/ws.00171","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Ruthrauff, D.R., Handel, C.M., Tibbitts, T.L., and Gill, R., 2020, Through thick and thin: Sexing Bristle-thighed Curlews Numenius tahitiensis using measures of bill depth: Wader Study, v. 127, no. 1, p. 31-36, https://doi.org/10.18194/ws.00171.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"36","ipdsId":"IP-111718","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437040,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KNRWXB","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"USGS Alaska Science Center Adult Shorebird Morphological Measurement Data"},{"id":373886,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"127","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruthrauff, Daniel R. 0000-0003-1355-9156 druthrauff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1355-9156","contributorId":4181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruthrauff","given":"Daniel","email":"druthrauff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Handel, Colleen M. 0000-0002-0267-7408 cmhandel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7408","contributorId":3067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handel","given":"Colleen","email":"cmhandel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tibbitts, T. Lee 0000-0002-0290-7592 ltibbitts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-7592","contributorId":102185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tibbitts","given":"T.","email":"ltibbitts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70209597,"text":"70209597 - 2020 - Tracking the migration of Pacific Golden-Plovers from nonbreeding grounds at Moorea, French Polynesia, using Pinpoint GPS-Argos tags","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-18T13:40:47.395565","indexId":"70209597","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-01T07:19:04","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5557,"text":"Wader Study","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracking the migration of Pacific Golden-Plovers from nonbreeding grounds at Moorea, French Polynesia, using Pinpoint GPS-Argos tags","docAbstract":"We used Pinpoint GPS-Argos tags to track migration of Pacific Golden-Plovers Pluvialis fulva in 2017 and 2018 from Moorea Island, at the extreme southeastern edge of the species’ winter range. Of 20 tagged birds, 13 uploaded locations during all or part of their northward migration. The birds departed in mid-April traveling a long (8,250–10,200 km) northwestward track. Ten individuals signaled from Japan, where they stopped over (or ‘staged’) for periods up to about one month. Almost all stopovers were on the island of Honshu, with coordinates indicating inland habitats, most likely rice fields. In May, at least nine of the plovers left Japan on a mid-length (3,200–5,400 km) northeastward track to the Bering Sea region, where one bird reported from a possible nesting site in Kamchatka Krai and eight from traditional breeding grounds (three from Chukotka, five from Alaska). Thereafter, contact with tags was intermittent and gradually lost. We received signals from only two individuals during fall migration; one bird flew 1,600 km southeast from Alaska before its tag ceased transmitting, and the other flew >8,600 km directly southward from its post-breeding site in southwest Alaska and made landfall in Samoa where transmissions ended. Throughout the study, lengthy transoceanic flights appeared to be nonstop, and the annual migratory pathway (though defined by only a single bird in fall) was circular. As we have shown in other studies, Japan emerges as a key stopover site for Pacific Golden-Plovers during northward migration.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Wader Study Group","doi":"10.18194/ws.00172","usgsCitation":"Johnson, O.W., Tibbitts, T.L., Weber, M.F., Bybee, D.R., Goodwill, R.H., Bruner, A., Smith, E.J., Buss, E.L., Waddell, T.Q., Brooks, D., Smith, C., and Meyer, J., 2020, Tracking the migration of Pacific Golden-Plovers from nonbreeding grounds at Moorea, French Polynesia, using Pinpoint GPS-Argos tags: Wader Study, v. 127, no. 1, p. 53-59, https://doi.org/10.18194/ws.00172.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"59","ipdsId":"IP-111619","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374004,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"French Polynesia","volume":"127","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Oscar W.","contributorId":224103,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Oscar","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tibbitts, T. Lee 0000-0002-0290-7592 ltibbitts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-7592","contributorId":102185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tibbitts","given":"T.","email":"ltibbitts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weber, Michael F.","contributorId":224105,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weber","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":40824,"text":"Brigham Young University-Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bybee, David R.","contributorId":224106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bybee","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":40824,"text":"Brigham Young University-Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goodwill, Roger H.","contributorId":224107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goodwill","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":40824,"text":"Brigham Young University-Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bruner, Andrea","contributorId":224108,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bruner","given":"Andrea","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40824,"text":"Brigham Young University-Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, Errika J.","contributorId":224109,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Errika","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40824,"text":"Brigham Young University-Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Buss, Emmalee L.","contributorId":224110,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buss","given":"Emmalee","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":40824,"text":"Brigham Young University-Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Waddell, Trinity Q.A.","contributorId":224111,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waddell","given":"Trinity","email":"","middleInitial":"Q.A.","affiliations":[{"id":40824,"text":"Brigham Young University-Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Brooks, Daxton","contributorId":224112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooks","given":"Daxton","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40824,"text":"Brigham Young University-Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Smith, Carolyn","contributorId":224113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Carolyn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40825,"text":"non affiliated","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Meyer, Jean-Yves","contributorId":224114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meyer","given":"Jean-Yves","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40826,"text":"Research Department, Government of French Polynesia, Papeete, Tahiti","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70209472,"text":"70209472 - 2020 - Climate and local environment structure asynchrony and the stability of primary production in grasslands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-04T17:10:49.928549","indexId":"70209472","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-01T06:54:12","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1839,"text":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate and local environment structure asynchrony and the stability of primary production in grasslands","docAbstract":"Aim\nClimate variability threatens to destabilize production in many ecosystems. Asynchronous species dynamics may buffer against such variability when a decrease in performance by some species is offset by an increase in performance of others. However, high climatic variability can eliminate species through stochastic extinctions or cause similar stress responses among species that reduce buffering. Local conditions, such as soil nutrients, can also alter production stability directly or by influencing asynchrony. We test these hypotheses using a globally distributed sampling experiment.\n\nLocation\nGrasslands in North America, Europe and Australia.\n\nTime period\nAnnual surveys over 5 year intervals occurring between 2007 and 2014.\n\nMajor taxa studied\nHerbaceous plants.\n\nMethods\nWe sampled annually the per species cover and aboveground community biomass [net primary productivity (NPP)], plus soil chemical properties, in 29 grasslands. We tested how soil conditions, combined with variability in precipitation and temperature, affect species richness, asynchrony and temporal stability of primary productivity. We used bivariate relationships and structural equation modelling to examine proximate and ultimate relationships.\n\nResults\nClimate variability strongly predicted asynchrony, whereas NPP stability was more related to soil conditions. Species richness was structured by both climate variability and soils and, in turn, increased asynchrony. Variability in temperature and precipitation caused a unimodal asynchrony response, with asynchrony being lowest at low and high climate variability. Climate impacted stability indirectly, through its effect on asynchrony, with stability increasing at higher asynchrony owing to lower inter‐annual variability in NPP. Soil conditions had no detectable effect on asynchrony but increased stability by increasing the mean NPP, especially when soil organic matter was high.\n\nMain conclusions\nWe found globally consistent evidence that climate modulates species asynchrony but that the direct effect on stability is low relative to local soil conditions. Nonetheless, our observed unimodal responses to variability in temperature and precipitation suggest asynchrony thresholds, beyond which there are detectable destabilizing impacts of climate on primary productivity.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/geb.13094","usgsCitation":"Gilbert, B., MacDougall, A., Kadoya, T., Akasaka, M., Bennett, J.R., Lind, E., Flores-Moreno, H., Firn, J., Hautier, Y., Borer, E., Seabloom, E., Adler, P., Cleland, E., Grace, J., Harpole, W., Esch, E., Moore, J., Knops, J., McCulley, R., Mortensen, B., Bakker, J., and Fay, P., 2020, Climate and local environment structure asynchrony and the stability of primary production in grasslands: Global Ecology and Biogeography, v. 29, no. 7, p. 1177-1188, https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13094.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1177","endPage":"1188","ipdsId":"IP-096717","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457195,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13094","text":"External Repository"},{"id":373885,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilbert, B.","contributorId":223928,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilbert","given":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":40795,"text":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"MacDougall, A.S.","contributorId":203183,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacDougall","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36573,"text":"Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kadoya, T.","contributorId":223929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kadoya","given":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":40796,"text":"Environmental Biology Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Akasaka, M.","contributorId":223930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Akasaka","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40797,"text":"Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bennett, J. R.","contributorId":223931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bennett","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":40798,"text":"Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lind, E.M.","contributorId":223932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lind","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40799,"text":"Department of Ecology, Evolution & Behavior, University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Flores-Moreno, H.","contributorId":223933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flores-Moreno","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40799,"text":"Department of Ecology, Evolution & Behavior, University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Firn, J.","contributorId":203188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Firn","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36575,"text":"Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hautier, Y.","contributorId":223934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hautier","given":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":40800,"text":"Department of Ecology & Biodiversity, Utrecht University, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Borer, E.T.","contributorId":223935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borer","given":"E.T.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40799,"text":"Department of Ecology, Evolution & Behavior, University of 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Behavior & Evolution, University of California – San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Grace, James 0000-0001-6374-4726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":219648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Harpole, W.S.","contributorId":223939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harpole","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40802,"text":"German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Esch, E.H.","contributorId":223940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Esch","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40803,"text":"Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Moore, J.L.","contributorId":223941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[{"id":40804,"text":"School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Knops, J.","contributorId":223942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knops","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40805,"text":"School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"McCulley, R.","contributorId":223943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCulley","given":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":40806,"text":"Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Mortensen, B.","contributorId":223944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mortensen","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25341,"text":"Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Bakker, J.","contributorId":223945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bakker","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40807,"text":"School of Environmental and Forest Sciences. University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Fay, P.A.","contributorId":223946,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fay","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40808,"text":"USDA-ARS Grassland, Soil, and Water Lab, Temple, TX","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22}]}} ,{"id":70267439,"text":"70267439 - 2020 - Metabolic rate is negatively linked to adult survival but does not explain latitudinal differences in songbirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-23T15:01:43.386341","indexId":"70267439","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1466,"text":"Ecology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metabolic rate is negatively linked to adult survival but does not explain latitudinal differences in songbirds","docAbstract":"Survival rates vary dramatically among species and predictably across latitudes, but causes of this variation are unclear. The rate of living hypothesis posits that physiological damage from metabolism causes species with faster metabolic rates to exhibit lower survival rates. However, whether increased survival commonly observed in tropical and south temperate latitudes is associated with slower metabolic rate remains unclear. We compared metabolic rates and annual survival rates that we measured across 46 species, and from literature data across 147 species in northern, southern, and tropical latitudes. High metabolic rates were associated with lower survival but survival varied substantially among latitudinal regions independent of metabolism. The inability of metabolic rate to explain latitudinal variation in survival suggests 1) species may evolve physiological mechanisms that mitigate physiological damage from cellular metabolism, and 2) extrinsic rather than intrinsic sources of mortality are the primary causes of latitudinal differences in survival.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ele.13464","usgsCitation":"Boyce, A., Mouton, J., Lloyd, P., Wolf, B., and Martin, T.E., 2020, Metabolic rate is negatively linked to adult survival but does not explain latitudinal differences in songbirds: Ecology Letters, v. 23, no. 4, p. 642-652, https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13464.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"642","endPage":"652","ipdsId":"IP-096323","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486507,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyce, Andy J.","contributorId":355819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyce","given":"Andy J.","affiliations":[{"id":48645,"text":"umt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mouton, James C.","contributorId":355821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mouton","given":"James C.","affiliations":[{"id":48645,"text":"umt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lloyd, Penn","contributorId":355823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lloyd","given":"Penn","affiliations":[{"id":84839,"text":"uct","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wolf, Blair O.","contributorId":355824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolf","given":"Blair O.","affiliations":[{"id":16658,"text":"UNM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Martin, Thomas E. 0000-0002-4028-4867 tmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4028-4867","contributorId":1208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Thomas","email":"tmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70209461,"text":"70209461 - 2020 - Mapping the thermal landscape of the Upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-03T00:33:27.008558","indexId":"70209461","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-31T19:30:42","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5000,"text":"Long Term Resource Monitoring Technical Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"LTRMP-2017TL2","title":"Mapping the thermal landscape of the Upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"Temperature has a fundamental influence on physical, chemical and biological processing in aquatic ecosystems. River temperatures respond to a diverse array of drivers including air temperature, streamflow, and thermal inputs, but the physical template has been shown to play a significant role in structuring spatial and temporal variation in water temperature. How these factors interact to affect water temperature in complex floodplain river habitats such as those present in the Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS) is not well-studied. We used a combination of airborne thermal imagery and continuous temperature loggers deployed across aquatic area types to evaluate spatial and temporal patterns in water temperature in Navigation Pool 8 during the summer and fall of 2017. The mid-wave infrared thermal camera available for this study is not commonly used for thermal imagery acquisition over water, so we discuss accommodations that were made to account for potential interferences and describe considerations for future users interested in using the technology. We quantified thermal metrics from imagery and continuous loggers (e.g., mean, coefficient of variation, range) and compared those to hydrogeomorphic variability across aquatic areas using a Geographic Information System (GIS) dataset. Our findings showed that both temporal and spatial temperature patterns were linked to variation in depth and connectivity of aquatic areas across the pool. Despite some of the technical challenges associated with acquiring this imagery, the method shows promise for characterizing spatial variation in surface temperatures in the UMRS associated with complex physical features such as habitat rehabilitation and enhancement projects.
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Walking portions of the John Muir Trail in the southern Sierra Nevada, moving through extensive stands and mats of whitebark, one might wonder why such an apparently widespread and hardy species would be under consideration for listing as a federally endangered species.
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Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nesmith, Johathan","contributorId":223740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nesmith","given":"Johathan","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dudney, Joan","contributorId":223741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dudney","given":"Joan","affiliations":[{"id":40762,"text":"University of California, Berkley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"van Mantgem, Phillip J. 0000-0002-3068-9422","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-9422","contributorId":204320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Mantgem","given":"Phillip J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Butz, Ramona J. 0000-0001-8595-0459","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8595-0459","contributorId":206787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butz","given":"Ramona","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37401,"text":"Humboldt State University, U.S. Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70209127,"text":"70209127 - 2020 - Learning from real-world experience to understand renewable energy impacts to wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-02T23:59:44.645436","indexId":"70209127","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-31T18:56:23","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5964,"text":"Energy Research ad Development Division Final Research Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"CEC-500-2020-012","title":"Learning from real-world experience to understand renewable energy impacts to wildlife","docAbstract":"The project team sought to use real-world data to understand adverse effects to wildlife\nof renewable energy production that is critical to meeting California’s climate and clean\nenergy goals. The project had three main components. First, a systematic literature\nreview studied 20 peer-reviewed publications and 612 reports from other nonreviewed\nsources from 231 wind and solar facilities in North America. Within California, 50\npercent of facilities collected pre- and post-construction data, 30 percent had\nexperimental study designs, and fewer than 7 percent estimated detection probability\nduring habitat use surveys. Mitigation at wind power plants focused on repowering to\nreduce risk to soaring birds and at solar facilities emphasized wildlife deterrence and\ncompensatory mitigation. Second, the authors developed a best-practices approach to\nemploy environmental isotopes (for example, hydrogen obtained from animal tissue)\nand rescaling functions (a statistical approach to modeling the relationship between\nvariables) to assign individual birds or bats to their place of origin. The team applied\nthis approach to feathers from 411 individuals of 12 species killed at wind facilities and\n515 individuals of 19 species killed at solar facilities. From 24 percent to 100 percent\n(mean +/- SD = 49 percent +/- 33 percent) and 25 percent to 100 percent (73 percent +/-\n25 percent) of birds grew feathers at a location outside the collection site at wind and\nsolar facilities, respectively. Third, the authors constructed Bayesian integrated\npopulation models (probability models) for 29 focal species affected by wind or solar\nenergy generation in California. Species predominantly local in origin generally had\nlower population growth rates than did species that were predominantly nonlocal in\norigin. These patterns illustrate the complex linkages between behavioral ecology,\nvulnerability to mortality, and population-level impacts to wildlife from fatalities at\nrenewable energy facilities. This project benefits the renewable energy sector by\nproviding a framework and specific tools for understanding environmental impacts of\nrenewable energy generation.","language":"English","publisher":"California Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Conkling, T., Vander Zanden, H.B., Poessel, S.A., Loss, S., Allison, T.D., Diffendorfer, J., Duerr, A.E., Nelson, D.M., Yee, J.L., and Katzner, T., 2020, Learning from real-world experience to understand renewable energy impacts to wildlife: Energy Research ad Development Division Final Research Report CEC-500-2020-012, 132 p.","productDescription":"132 p.","ipdsId":"IP-106403","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science 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These reports document the findings of a comprehensive groundwater study conducted on the reservation and adjacent areas from 2015 through 2018 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation. The first report described the hydrologic framework and characterization of the Truxton aquifer on the Hualapai Indian Reservation (Bills and Macy, 2016). The second report described the hydrogeologic characterization of the Hualapai Plateau part of the reservation (Mason, Macy, and others, 2020).
This report includes five chapters. Chapter A (Mason, Knight, and others, 2020) is a summary of this multichapter volume and briefly describes the study area. Chapter B (Mason, Bills, and Macy, 2020) describes the geology and hydrology of the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau. Chapter C (Kennedy, 2020) describes the results of a gravity geophysical survey of the Truxton basin. Chapter D (Ball, 2020) describes the findings of an airborne electromagnetic survey of the Truxton aquifer and Hualapai Plateau. Chapter E (Knight, 2020) describes the results of a transient groundwater model created for the entire Truxton aquifer both on and off the reservation. The groundwater-flow model is used to estimate projected groundwater levels based on future groundwater withdrawal scenarios.
Director,
Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
Respiratory disease is a key factor affecting the conservation and recovery of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis ) populations. Innovative, minimally invasive tools such as gene transcription–based diagnostics have the potential to improve our understanding of the broad range of factors that can affect the health of wild sheep. Evaluation of transcript levels for genes representative of multiple internal systems enables measurement of physiological responses of individuals as well as populations to environmental stressors such as pathogens, nutritional deficiency, or contaminants. We developed real‐time polymerase chain reaction assays for 14 genes of interest representing systems including inflammation, cell signaling, detoxification, antiviral, antibacterial, or general stress. Initial results from desert bighorn sheep (O. c. nelsoni ) sampled from the River, Muddy, and Bare mountains as well as from the Pintwater Range, in southern Nevada, USA, indicated unique transcript profiles associated with each population. This initial study provides the framework from which controlled variable or longitudinal studies can be made, thus augmenting the potential to inform management actions in the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wsb.1078","usgsCitation":"Bowen, L., Longshore, K., Wolff, P., Klinger, R.C., Cox, M., Bullock, S., Waters-Dynes, S.C., and Miles, A.K., 2020, Gene transcript profiling in desert bighorn sheep: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 44, no. 2, p. 323-332, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1078.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"332","ipdsId":"IP-110200","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/786626d02c084267b8ba32305e06594b","text":"External Repository"},{"id":377447,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Bare Mountain Range, Muddy Mountains, Pintwater Range, River Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.093017578125,\n 37.57070524233116\n ],\n [\n -117.861328125,\n 37.60552821745789\n ],\n [\n -115.740966796875,\n 35.94243575255426\n ],\n [\n -114.873046875,\n 35.25459097465022\n ],\n [\n -114.81811523437501,\n 36.01356058518153\n ],\n [\n -114.53247070312499,\n 36.26199220445664\n ],\n [\n -114.158935546875,\n 36.1733569352216\n ],\n [\n -114.093017578125,\n 36.1733569352216\n ],\n [\n -114.093017578125,\n 37.57070524233116\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowen, Lizabeth 0000-0001-9115-4336 lbowen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9115-4336","contributorId":4539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Lizabeth","email":"lbowen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longshore, Kathleen 0000-0001-6621-1271","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6621-1271","contributorId":216374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longshore","given":"Kathleen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolff, Peregrine","contributorId":238063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolff","given":"Peregrine","affiliations":[{"id":27489,"text":"Nevada Department of Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klinger, Robert C. 0000-0003-3193-3199 rcklinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3193-3199","contributorId":5395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klinger","given":"Robert","email":"rcklinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cox, Mike","contributorId":198457,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cox","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":795960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bullock, Sarah","contributorId":238064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bullock","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47694,"text":"USFWS - Desert NWR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Waters-Dynes, Shannon C. 0000-0002-9707-4684 swaters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9707-4684","contributorId":5826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waters-Dynes","given":"Shannon","email":"swaters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Miles, A. Keith 0000-0002-3108-808X keith_miles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-808X","contributorId":196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miles","given":"A.","email":"keith_miles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ]}