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To address this complexity, we used a chronosequence approach to assess changes in vegetation composition, water storage and soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks along successional gradients within four landscapes: (1) rocky uplands on ice-poor hillside colluvium, (2) silty uplands on extremely ice-rich loess, (3) gravelly–sandy lowlands on ice-poor eolian sand and (4) peaty–silty lowlands on thick ice-rich peat deposits over reworked lowland loess. In rocky uplands, after fire permafrost thawed rapidly due to low ice contents, soils became well drained and SOC stocks decreased slightly. In silty uplands, after fire permafrost persisted, soils remained saturated and SOC decreased slightly. In gravelly–sandy lowlands where permafrost persisted in drier forest soils, loss of deeper permafrost around lakes has allowed recent widespread drainage of lakes that has exposed limnic material with high SOC to aerobic decomposition. In peaty–silty lowlands, 2–4 m of thaw settlement led to fragmented drainage patterns in isolated thermokarst bogs and flooding of soils, and surface soils accumulated new bog peat. We were not able to detect SOC changes in deeper soils, however, due to high variability. Complicated soil stratigraphy revealed that permafrost has repeatedly aggraded and degraded in all landscapes during the Holocene, although in silty uplands only the upper permafrost was affected. Overall, permafrost thaw has led to the reorganization of vegetation, water storage and flow paths, and patterns of SOC accumulation. However, changes have occurred over different timescales among landscapes: over decades in rocky uplands and gravelly–sandy lowlands in response to fire and lake drainage, over decades to centuries in peaty–silty lowlands with a legacy of complicated Holocene changes, and over centuries in silty uplands where ice-rich soil and ecological recovery protect permafrost.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Physics Publishing","publisherLocation":"London, England","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035017","usgsCitation":"Jorgenson, M., Harden, J., Kanevskiy, M., O'Donnell, J., Wickland, K., Ewing, S., Manies, K., Zhuang, Q., Shur, Y., Striegl, R.G., and Koch, J.C., 2013, Reorganization of vegetation, hydrology and soil carbon after permafrost degradation across heterogeneous boreal landscapes: Environmental Research Letters, v. 8, no. 3, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035017.","productDescription":"13 p.","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":474014,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035017","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":291101,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035017"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f38ee4b0bc0bec0a0a46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jorgenson, M. Torre","contributorId":40486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M. Torre","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer","contributorId":46190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kanevskiy, Mikhail","contributorId":60511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanevskiy","given":"Mikhail","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O'Donnell, Jonathan","contributorId":17924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Donnell","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wickland, Kim 0000-0002-6400-0590","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-0590","contributorId":28909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickland","given":"Kim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ewing, Stephanie","contributorId":65773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewing","given":"Stephanie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Manies, Kristen","contributorId":16559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manies","given":"Kristen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Zhuang, Qianlai","contributorId":101975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhuang","given":"Qianlai","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Shur, Yuri","contributorId":39302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shur","given":"Yuri","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":496585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Koch, Joshua C. 0000-0001-7180-6982 jkoch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6982","contributorId":202532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Joshua","email":"jkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70038857,"text":"70038857 - 2013 - Survival of Apache Trout eggs and alevins under static and fluctuating temperature regimes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-17T13:52:27","indexId":"70038857","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:39:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival of Apache Trout eggs and alevins under static and fluctuating temperature regimes","docAbstract":"<p>Increased stream temperatures due to global climate change, livestock grazing, removal of riparian cover, reduction of stream flow, and urbanization will have important implications for fishes worldwide. Information exists that describes the effects of elevated water temperatures on fish eggs, but less information is available on the effects of fluctuating water temperatures on egg survival, especially those of threatened and endangered species. We tested the posthatch survival of eyed eggs and alevins of Apache Trout Oncorhynchus gilae apache, a threatened salmonid, in static temperatures of 15, 18, 21, 24, and 27&deg;C, and also in treatments with diel fluctuations of &plusmn;3&deg;C around those temperatures. The LT50 for posthatch survival of Apache Trout eyed eggs and alevins was 17.1&deg;C for static temperatures treatments and 17.9&deg;C for the midpoints of &plusmn;3&deg;C fluctuating temperature treatments. There was no significant difference in survival between static temperatures and fluctuating temperatures that shared the same mean temperature, yet there was a slight difference in LT50s. Upper thermal tolerance of Apache Trout eyed eggs and alevins is much lower than that of fry to adult life stages (22&ndash;23&deg;C). Information on thermal tolerance of early life stages (eyed egg and alevin) will be valuable to those restoring streams or investigating thermal tolerances of imperiled fishes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2012.741551","usgsCitation":"Recsetar, M.S., and Bonar, S.A., 2013, Survival of Apache Trout eggs and alevins under static and fluctuating temperature regimes: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 142, no. 2, p. 373-379, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2012.741551.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"373","endPage":"379","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038268","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":279100,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":279099,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2012.741551"}],"volume":"142","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5287509de4b03b89f6f155d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Recsetar, Matthew S.","contributorId":67395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Recsetar","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonar, Scott A. 0000-0003-3532-4067 sbonar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4067","contributorId":3712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"sbonar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70128270,"text":"70128270 - 2013 - Contaminants in stream sediments from seven United States metropolitan areas: part I: distribution in relation to urbanization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-07T08:59:46","indexId":"70128270","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T08:58:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contaminants in stream sediments from seven United States metropolitan areas: part I: distribution in relation to urbanization","docAbstract":"Organic contaminants and trace elements were measured in bed sediments collected from streams in seven metropolitan study areas across the United States to assess concentrations in relation to urbanization. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, the pyrethroid insecticide bifenthrin, and several trace elements were significantly related to urbanization across study areas. Most contaminants (except bifenthrin, chromium, nickel) were significantly related to the total organic carbon (TOC) content of the sediments. Regression models explained 45–80 % of the variability in individual contaminant concentrations using degree of urbanization, sediment-TOC, and study-area indicator variables (which represent the combined influence of unknown factors, such as chemical use or release, that are not captured by available explanatory variables). The significance of one or more study-area indicator variables in all models indicates marked differences in contaminant levels among some study areas, even after accounting for the nationally modeled effects of urbanization and sediment-TOC. Mean probable effect concentration quotients (PECQs) were significantly related to urbanization. Trace elements were the major contributors to mean PECQs at undeveloped sites, whereas organic contaminants, especially bifenthrin, were the major contributors at highly urban sites. Pyrethroids, where detected, accounted for the largest share of the mean PECQ. Part 2 of this series (Kemble et al. 2012) evaluates sediment toxicity to amphipods and midge in relation to sediment chemistry.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/s00244-012-9813-0","usgsCitation":"Nowell, L.H., Moran, P.W., Gilliom, R.J., Calhoun, D.L., Ingersoll, C.G., Kemble, N.E., Kuivila, K., and Phillips, P., 2013, Contaminants in stream sediments from seven United States metropolitan areas: part I: distribution in relation to urbanization: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 64, no. 1, p. 32-51, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-012-9813-0.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"51","numberOfPages":"20","ipdsId":"IP-018523","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294970,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294959,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-012-9813-0"},{"id":294960,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00244-012-9813-0"}],"volume":"64","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"543500a1e4b0a4f4b46a2380","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nowell, Lisa H. 0000-0001-5417-7264 lhnowell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5417-7264","contributorId":490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowell","given":"Lisa","email":"lhnowell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moran, Patrick W. 0000-0002-2002-3539 pwmoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2002-3539","contributorId":489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Patrick","email":"pwmoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Calhoun, Daniel L. 0000-0003-2371-6936 dcalhoun@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-6936","contributorId":1455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calhoun","given":"Daniel","email":"dcalhoun@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kemble, Nile E. 0000-0002-3608-0538 nkemble@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3608-0538","contributorId":2626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemble","given":"Nile","email":"nkemble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kuivila, Kathryn  0000-0001-7940-489X kkuivila@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-489X","contributorId":1367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"Kathryn ","email":"kkuivila@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":502787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Phillips, Patrick J. pjphilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pjphilli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":502786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70124005,"text":"70124005 - 2013 - Summary, synthesis, and significance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-02T15:12:54.882312","indexId":"70124005","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"6","title":"Summary, synthesis, and significance","docAbstract":"<p>The initial habitat suitability model estimates pre‐European suitable habitat of the Mohave ground squirrel (MGS, <i>Xerospermophilus mohavensis</i>) covering 19,023 km<sup>2</sup>. Impact scenarios predicted that between 10 percent and 16 percent of suitable habitat has been lost to historical human disturbances, and up to an additional 10 percent may be affected by renewable energy development in the near future. These figures are the result of analyses conducted solely on public lands. State and private lands in the region also have pending proposals for renewable energy on 260 km<sup>2</sup>, and an additional 3,500 km<sup>2</sup> may be available for renewable energy. The sum of potential habitat disturbance on public, State, and private lands could equal up to a quarter of historic suitable habitat from pre‐European settlement levels.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>While the analyses conducted here consider direct impacts from the footprint of renewable energy and associated transmission corridors, there are many indirect sources of environmental disturbance related to renewable energy development (Lovich and Ennen 2011). Some of those potentially important to the MGS include: increased fugitive dust and the release of chemicals such as dust suppressants, insulating fluids, and herbicides throughout the operational life of facilities, auditory interference from the sound and vibrations of turbines, increases in predators and invasive species that further alter system processes, and changes in surface flow of water that also influence vegetation that is important in these habitats. However, there is little research in the broader context of these topics for the Mojave Desert ecosystem, and less, if any, about the MGS.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Habitat modeling, landscape genetics, and habitat connectivity for the Mohave ground squirrel to guide renewable energy development, CEC‐500‐2014‐003","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Nevada, Reno","usgsCitation":"Esque, T., Nussear, K.E., Inman, R.D., Matocq, M.D., Weisberg, P.J., Dilts, T.E., and Leitner, P., 2013, Summary, synthesis, and significance, chap. 6 <i>of</i> Habitat modeling, landscape genetics, and habitat connectivity for the Mohave ground squirrel to guide renewable energy development, CEC‐500‐2014‐003, p. 132-136.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"132","endPage":"136","ipdsId":"IP-049718","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research 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,{"id":70136386,"text":"70136386 - 2013 - Assessing winter cover crop nutrient uptake efficiency using a water quality simulation model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-05T09:46:02","indexId":"70136386","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1928,"text":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing winter cover crop nutrient uptake efficiency using a water quality simulation model","docAbstract":"<p><span>Winter cover crops are an effective conservation management practice with potential to improve water quality. Throughout the Chesapeake Bay Watershed (CBW), which is located in the Mid-Atlantic US, winter cover crop use has been emphasized and federal and state cost-share programs are available to farmers to subsidize the cost of winter cover crop establishment. The objective of this study was to assess the long-term effect of planting winter cover crops at the watershed scale and to identify critical source areas of high nitrate export. A physically-based watershed simulation model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), was calibrated and validated using water quality monitoring data and satellite-based estimates of winter cover crop species performance to simulate hydrological processes and nutrient cycling over the period of 1991&ndash;2000. Multiple scenarios were developed to obtain baseline information on nitrate loading without winter cover crops planted and to investigate how nitrate loading could change with different winter cover crop planting scenarios, including different species, planting times, and implementation areas. The results indicate that winter cover crops had a negligible impact on water budget, but significantly reduced nitrate leaching to groundwater and delivery to the waterways. Without winter cover crops, annual nitrate loading was approximately 14 kg ha</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>, but it decreased to 4.6&ndash;10.1 kg ha</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>&nbsp;with winter cover crops resulting in a reduction rate of 27&ndash;67% at the watershed scale. Rye was most effective, with a potential to reduce nitrate leaching by up to 93% with early planting at the field scale. Early planting of winter cover crops (~30 days of additional growing days) was crucial, as it lowered nitrate export by an additional ~2 kg ha</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>&nbsp;when compared to late planting scenarios. The effectiveness of cover cropping increased with increasing extent of winter cover crop implementation. Agricultural fields with well-drained soils and those that were more frequently used to grow corn had a higher potential for nitrate leaching and export to the waterways. This study supports the effective implement of winter cover crop programs, in part by helping to target critical pollution source areas for winter cover crop implementation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/hessd-10-14229-2013","collaboration":"Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD; USDA-ARS, Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Beltsville, MD; Dream it Do it Western New York, Jamestown, NY; USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Beltsville, MD","usgsCitation":"Yeo, I., Lee, S., Sadeghi, A.M., Beeson, P.C., Hively, W., McCarty, G.W., and Lang, M.W., 2013, Assessing winter cover crop nutrient uptake efficiency using a water quality simulation model: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, v. 10, no. 11, p. 14229-14263, https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-14229-2013.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"14229","endPage":"14263","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056041","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474018,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-14229-2013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296981,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay Watershed","volume":"10","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b3ce4b08de9379b32bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yeo, In-Young","contributorId":131145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yeo","given":"In-Young","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7261,"text":"Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Sangchui","contributorId":131146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Sangchui","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7261,"text":"Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sadeghi, Ali M.","contributorId":131147,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sadeghi","given":"Ali","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7262,"text":"USDA-ARS, Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beeson, Peter C.","contributorId":131148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beeson","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7263,"text":"Dream it Do it Western New York, Jamestown, NY 14701","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hively, W. Dean whively@usgs.gov","contributorId":4919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hively","given":"W. Dean","email":"whively@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McCarty, Greg W.","contributorId":131149,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCarty","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7262,"text":"USDA-ARS, Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lang, Megan W.","contributorId":131150,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lang","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7264,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Beltsville, MD 20705","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70137276,"text":"70137276 - 2013 - Zinc isotope and transition-element dynamics accompanying hydrozincite biomineralization in the Rio Naracauli, Sardinia, Italy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-07T11:45:50","indexId":"70137276","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Zinc isotope and transition-element dynamics accompanying hydrozincite biomineralization in the Rio Naracauli, Sardinia, Italy","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Rio Naracauli in SW Sardinia drains part of the Ingurtosu Zn&ndash;Pb mining district, and contains extreme concentrations of dissolved Zn at near-neutral pH. In the upper reaches of the stream, pH, alkalinity and Zn concentrations are such that hydrozincite [Zn</span><sub>5</sub><span>(CO</span><sub>3</sub><span>)</span><sub>2</sub><span>(OH)</span><sub>6</sub><span>] precipitates in a biologically mediated process facilitated by a microalga (</span><i>Chlorella</i><span>&nbsp;sp.) and a cyanobacterium (</span><i>Scytonema</i><span>&nbsp;sp.). Values of &delta;</span><sup>66</sup><span>Zn in water and solid samples ranged from &minus;&nbsp;0.35&permil; to +&nbsp;0.5&permil; relative to the JMC 3-0749-Lyon standard, and closely follow a mass-dependent fractionation line. Two composite samples of sphalerite, the primary ore mineral in the Ingurtosu deposits, had an average &delta;</span><sup>66</sup><span>Zn of +&nbsp;0.15&permil;, similar to sphalerite measured elsewhere in hydrothermal mineral deposits. Zinc isotope measurements of the stream water and the hydrozincite forming in the stream show a consistent preference for the heavy isotope,&nbsp;</span><sup>66</sup><span>Zn, in the hydrozincite relative to&nbsp;</span><sup>64</sup><span>Zn. Synthetic hydrozincites produced without added bacteria have &delta;</span><sup>66</sup><span>Zn identical to the dissolved Zn, thus suggesting a biologically mediated mineralization process in Rio Naracauli. The average fractionation, &Delta;</span><sub>hdz-water</sub><span>, is 0.35&permil;, the magnitude of which is consistent with other studies, and suggests an extracellular mechanism of the biomineralization process. Zinc concentration and dissolved &delta;</span><sup>66</sup><span>Zn steadily decrease in the reach of the stream where the biomineralization occurs. The biomineralization process also leads to the sequestration of Pb, Cu and Ni in the hydrozincite lattice, and the coeval precipitation of an amorphous CdCO</span><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;solid, prompting the suggestion that if optimized, the biomineralization process might represent a feasible passive remediation strategy for streams with high Zn and other metals, and with near-neutral pH.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.11.010","usgsCitation":"Wanty, R.B., Podda, F., De Giudici, G., Cidu, R., and Lattanzi, P., 2013, Zinc isotope and transition-element dynamics accompanying hydrozincite biomineralization in the Rio Naracauli, Sardinia, Italy: Chemical Geology, v. 337-338, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.11.010.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-039248","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297031,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy","state":"Sardinia","otherGeospatial":"Rio Naracauli","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              7.84423828125,\n              41.21172151054787\n            ],\n            [\n              9.931640625,\n              41.32732632036622\n            ],\n            [\n              9.865722656249998,\n              39.01064750994083\n            ],\n            [\n              8.06396484375,\n              38.788345355085625\n            ],\n            [\n              7.84423828125,\n              41.21172151054787\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"337-338","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c94e4b08de9379b3881","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wanty, Richard B. 0000-0002-2063-6423 rwanty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"Richard","email":"rwanty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Podda, F.","contributorId":89074,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Podda","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"De Giudici, Giovanni","contributorId":12799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Giudici","given":"Giovanni","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cidu, R.","contributorId":22708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cidu","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lattanzi, Pierfranco","contributorId":87845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lattanzi","given":"Pierfranco","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70137740,"text":"70137740 - 2013 - Empirical flow parameters : a tool for hydraulic model validity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-01T16:43:11","indexId":"70137740","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"title":"Empirical flow parameters : a tool for hydraulic model validity","docAbstract":"<p><span>The objectives of this project were (1) To determine and present from existing data in Texas, relations between observed stream flow, topographic slope, mean section velocity, and other hydraulic factors, to produce charts such as Figure 1 and to produce empirical distributions of the various flow parameters to provide a methodology to \"check if model results are way off!\"; (2) To produce a statistical regional tool to estimate mean velocity or other selected parameters for storm flows or other conditional discharges at ungauged locations (most bridge crossings) in Texas to provide a secondary way to compare such values to a conventional hydraulic modeling approach. (3.) To present ancillary values such as Froude number, stream power, Rosgen channel classification, sinuosity, and other selected characteristics (readily determinable from existing data) to provide additional information to engineers concerned with the hydraulic-soil-foundation component of transportation infrastructure.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Texas Tech Center for Multidisciplinary Research in Transportation (TechMRT)","publisherLocation":"Lubbock, Texas","collaboration":"Texas Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., Burley, T.E., and Cleveland, T., 2013, Empirical flow parameters : a tool for hydraulic model validity, 166 p.","productDescription":"166 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045372","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311775,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297123,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://library.ctr.utexas.edu/Presto/content/Detail.aspx?q=NjY1NA==&ctID=OWE3NjYzNTktYzJmNC00ZTAwLThmMjItYzhmNzNiYTFmNzdh&rID=MjUxMDY=&qcf=&ph=VHJ1ZQ==&bckToL=VHJ1ZQ==&"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565ed2b8e4b071e7ea544427","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burley, Thomas E. 0000-0002-2235-8092 teburley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2235-8092","contributorId":3499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burley","given":"Thomas","email":"teburley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cleveland, Theodore G.","contributorId":88029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleveland","given":"Theodore G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70138190,"text":"70138190 - 2013 - Towards a publicly available, map-based regional software tool to estimate unregulated daily streamflow at ungauged rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-15T11:58:35","indexId":"70138190","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1818,"text":"Geoscientific Model Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Towards a publicly available, map-based regional software tool to estimate unregulated daily streamflow at ungauged rivers","docAbstract":"<p><span>Streamflow information is critical for addressing any number of hydrologic problems. Often, streamflow information is needed at locations that are ungauged and, therefore, have no observations on which to base water management decisions. Furthermore, there has been increasing need for daily streamflow time series to manage rivers for both human and ecological functions. To facilitate negotiation between human and ecological demands for water, this paper presents the first publicly available, map-based, regional software tool to estimate historical, unregulated, daily streamflow time series (streamflow not affected by human alteration such as dams or water withdrawals) at any user-selected ungauged river location. The map interface allows users to locate and click on a river location, which then links to a spreadsheet-based program that computes estimates of daily streamflow for the river location selected. For a demonstration region in the northeast United States, daily streamflow was, in general, shown to be reliably estimated by the software tool. Estimating the highest and lowest streamflows that occurred in the demonstration region over the period from 1960 through 2004 also was accomplished but with more difficulty and limitations. The software tool provides a general framework that can be applied to other regions for which daily streamflow estimates are needed.</span><span><br /></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/gmd-6-101-2013","usgsCitation":"Archfield, S.A., Steeves, P.A., Guthrie, J.D., and Ries, K., 2013, Towards a publicly available, map-based regional software tool to estimate unregulated daily streamflow at ungauged rivers: Geoscientific Model Development, v. 6, p. 101-115, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-101-2013.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"115","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041595","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-101-2013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297292,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c73e4b08de9379b3808","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Archfield, Stacey A. 0000-0002-9011-3871 sarch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-3871","contributorId":1874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archfield","given":"Stacey","email":"sarch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steeves, Peter A. 0000-0001-7558-9719 psteeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7558-9719","contributorId":1873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steeves","given":"Peter","email":"psteeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia  Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guthrie, John D. jdguthrie@usgs.gov","contributorId":2391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guthrie","given":"John","email":"jdguthrie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":538567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ries, Kernell G. III kries@usgs.gov","contributorId":1913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ries","given":"Kernell G.","suffix":"III","email":"kries@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":538568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70138191,"text":"70138191 - 2013 - Topological and canonical kriging for design flood prediction in ungauged catchments: an improvement over a traditional regional regression approach?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-15T11:45:59","indexId":"70138191","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1928,"text":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Topological and canonical kriging for design flood prediction in ungauged catchments: an improvement over a traditional regional regression approach?","docAbstract":"<p><span>In the United States, estimation of flood frequency quantiles at ungauged locations has been largely based on regional regression techniques that relate measurable catchment descriptors to flood quantiles. More recently, spatial interpolation techniques of point data have been shown to be effective for predicting streamflow statistics (i.e., flood flows and low-flow indices) in ungauged catchments. Literature reports successful applications of two techniques, canonical kriging, CK (or physiographical-space-based interpolation, PSBI), and topological kriging, TK (or top-kriging). CK performs the spatial interpolation of the streamflow statistic of interest in the two-dimensional space of catchment descriptors. TK predicts the streamflow statistic along river networks taking both the catchment area and nested nature of catchments into account. It is of interest to understand how these spatial interpolation methods compare with generalized least squares (GLS) regression, one of the most common approaches to estimate flood quantiles at ungauged locations. By means of a leave-one-out cross-validation procedure, the performance of CK and TK was compared to GLS regression equations developed for the prediction of 10, 50, 100 and 500 yr floods for 61 streamgauges in the southeast United States. TK substantially outperforms GLS and CK for the study area, particularly for large catchments. The performance of TK over GLS highlights an important distinction between the treatments of spatial correlation when using regression-based or spatial interpolation methods to estimate flood quantiles at ungauged locations. The analysis also shows that coupling TK with CK slightly improves the performance of TK; however, the improvement is marginal when compared to the improvement in performance over GLS.</span><span><br /></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/hess-17-1575-2013","usgsCitation":"Archfield, S.A., Pugliese, A., Castellarin, A., Skoien, J.O., and Kiang, J.E., 2013, Topological and canonical kriging for design flood prediction in ungauged catchments: an improvement over a traditional regional regression approach?: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, v. 17, p. 1575-1588, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1575-2013.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1575","endPage":"1588","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041594","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474174,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1575-2013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -171.73828125,\n              17.97873309555617\n            ],\n            [\n              -171.73828125,\n              71.35706654962706\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.26953125,\n              71.35706654962706\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.26953125,\n              17.97873309555617\n            ],\n            [\n              -171.73828125,\n              17.97873309555617\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c72e4b08de9379b3803","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Archfield, Stacey A. 0000-0002-9011-3871 sarch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-3871","contributorId":1874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archfield","given":"Stacey","email":"sarch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pugliese, Alessio","contributorId":138746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pugliese","given":"Alessio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12516,"text":"Dept. DICAM, Sch of CE, U of Bol, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Castellarin, Attilio","contributorId":138747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Castellarin","given":"Attilio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12516,"text":"Dept. DICAM, Sch of CE, U of Bol, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Skoien, Jon O.","contributorId":138748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skoien","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":12517,"text":"Inst for Env & Sust, JRC, EC, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kiang, Julie E. 0000-0003-0653-4225 jkiang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0653-4225","contributorId":2179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiang","given":"Julie","email":"jkiang@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70148399,"text":"70148399 - 2013 - Galveston Bay: Chapter D in <i>Emergent wetlands status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-19T13:56:45","indexId":"70148399","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"chapter":"D","title":"Galveston Bay: Chapter D in <i>Emergent wetlands status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010</i>","docAbstract":"<p>The Galveston Bay estuary is located on the upper Texas Gulf coast (Lester and Gonzalez, 2002). It is composed of four major sub-bays - Galveston, Trinity, East, and West Bays. It is Texas’ largest estuary on the Gulf Coast with a total area of 155,399 hectares (384,000 acres) and 1,885 km (1,171 miles) of shoreline (Burgan and Engle, 2006). The volume of the bay has increased over the past 50 years due to subsidence, dredging, and sea level rise. Outside of ship channels, the maximum depth is only 3.7 m (12 ft), with the average depth ranging from 1.2 m (4 ft) to 2.4 m (8 ft) - even shallower in areas with widespread oyster reefs (Lester and Gonzalez, 2002). The tidal range is less than 0.9 m (3 ft), but water levels and circulation are highly influenced by wind. The estuary was formed in a drowned river delta, and its bayous were once channels of the Brazos and Trinity Rivers. Today, the watersheds surrounding the Trinity and San Jacinto Rivers, along with many other smaller bayous, feed into the bay. The entire Galveston Bay watershed is 85,470 km<sup>2</sup> (33,000 miles<sup>2</sup>) large (Figure 1). Galveston Island, a 5,000 year old sand bar that lies at the western edge of the bay’s opening into the Gulf of Mexico, impedes the freshwater flow of the Trinity and San Jacinto Rivers into the Gulf, the majority of which comes from the Trinity. The Bolivar Peninsula lies at the eastern edge of the bay’s opening into the Gulf. Water flows into the Gulf at Bolivar Roads, 1 U.S. Geological Survey National Wetlands Research Center, 700 Cajundome Blvd., Lafayette, LA 70506 2 Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies, Texas A&amp;M University - Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Unit 5869, Corpus Christi, Texas 78412 2 Galveston Pass, between Galveston Island and Bolivar Peninsula, and at San Luis Pass, between the western side of Galveston Island and Follets Island.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Emergent wetlands status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"conferenceTitle":"2013 Gulf of Mexico Alliance (GOMA) All Hands Meeting","conferenceDate":"June 25-27, 2013","conferenceLocation":"Tampa, FL","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Handley, L.R., Spear, K.A., Taylor, E., and Thatcher, C.A., 2013, Galveston Bay: Chapter D in <i>Emergent wetlands status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010</i>, 17 p. .","productDescription":"17 p. ","ipdsId":"IP-061431","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332174,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://gom.usgs.gov/web/Site/EmWetStatusTrends"},{"id":332175,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Galveston Bay ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -94.7845458984375,\n              30.56699087315334\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.712890625,\n              30.206861065952626\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.185302734375,\n              30.021543509740027\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.4654541015625,\n              29.897805610155874\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.3887939453125,\n              28.839861937967964\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.3231201171875,\n              29.530450107491063\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.273681640625,\n              29.57345707301757\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.7845458984375,\n              30.56699087315334\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5853ba46e4b0e2663625f2d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Handley, Lawrence R. handleyl@usgs.gov","contributorId":3459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handley","given":"Lawrence","email":"handleyl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spear, Kathryn A. 0000-0001-8942-2856 speark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-2856","contributorId":1949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spear","given":"Kathryn","email":"speark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Eleonor","contributorId":140514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Eleonor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13521,"text":"Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thatcher, Cindy A. 0000-0003-0331-071X thatcherc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0331-071X","contributorId":2868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"Cindy","email":"thatcherc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041936,"text":"70041936 - 2013 - Freshwater and drought on Pacific Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-24T20:45:00","indexId":"70041936","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Freshwater and drought on Pacific Islands","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Climate Change and Pacific Islands: Indicators and Impacts: Report for the 2012 Pacific Islands Regional Climate Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Island Press","isbn":"978-1-61091-427-7","usgsCitation":"Izuka, S.K., and Keener, V., 2013, Freshwater and drought on Pacific Islands, chap. <i>of</i> Climate Change and Pacific Islands: Indicators and Impacts: Report for the 2012 Pacific Islands Regional Climate Assessment.","ipdsId":"IP-035633","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268193,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"512b449be4b0523e997a8115","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Izuka, Scot K. 0000-0002-8758-9414 skizuka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-9414","contributorId":2645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izuka","given":"Scot","email":"skizuka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keener, Victoria","contributorId":20620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keener","given":"Victoria","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70041785,"text":"70041785 - 2013 - Mobile Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-21T16:15:21.87051","indexId":"70041785","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"chapter":"K","title":"Mobile Bay","docAbstract":"<p>Mobile Bay is the largest bay found in Alabama’s coastal area (Handley et al., 2007). It was named an Estuary of National Significance in 1995 under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) National Estuary Program (NEP), and its Comprehensive Conservation Management Plan was completed in 2002. Mobile Bay is 1,070 km<sup>2</sup> (413 miles<sup>2</sup>) in area and 51 km (32 miles) long, making it the sixth largest estuary in the continental United States (Mobile Bay NEP, 2008). Its ecosystem provides habitat for more than 300 species of birds, 310 species of fish, 68 species of reptiles, 57 species of mammals, 40 species of amphibians, and 15 species of shrimp (Mobile Bay NEP, 1997). Mobile Bay lies between the Mississippi and Atlantic Flyways (Mobile Bay NEP, 2003). Commercial and residential development and industrial use is heavy in the Mobile Bay area. Although local growth and industrial markets support the Mobile Bay area economy, the resulting environmental damage to the very ecosystem upon which they depend remains a threat to the environment, economy, and population.</p><p>The Mobile Bay ecosystem boasts high biological diversity and productivity and supports many freshwater and saltwater species of recreational and commercial importance. The great diversity of Mobile Bay reflects the diversity of Alabama, which is home to the largest number of different plant and animal species of all states east of the Mississippi River (Stein, 2002), and is bolstered by the unique climate and geographic conditions surrounding the bay. Freshwater inflow from the Mobile-Tensaw River Delta, ranging from 60,000 to 3,700,000 gallons per second (Wallace, 1996), mixes with saltwater from the Gulf of Mexico, which enters Mobile Bay via wind and tides (Burgan and Engle, 2006). Because of the unique conditions surrounding Mobile Bay, including shallow waters, a dynamic climate, and artificial hydrologic modifications—such as the construction of the Mobile Bay Causeway in the 1920s, which serves as an unintentional barrier between Delta waters north of the Causeway and saline waters south of the Causeway, the salinity of Mobile Bay is highly variable. Mobile Bay receives an average of 165 cm (65 inches) of rain per year from tropical storms, summer thunderstorms, and winter cold fronts (Stout et al., 1998).&nbsp;</p><p>The climate and geography that have made Mobile Bay so rich in resources have also contributed to the threats surrounding its ecosystem. The extensive amount of rain in Mobile Bay creates large amounts of runoff, polluting the waters with fertilizers, chemicals, sediment, oil, trash, and sewage (Mobile Bay NEP, 1997). Tourism, ecotourism, recreational and commercial fishing, recreational boating, shipping, and chemical, pulp, and paper production are significant industries in Mobile Bay and the surrounding areas. Despite the approximate \\$3 billion and 55,000 jobs these industries bring into the community (Alabama Tourism Department, 2010), the growth, development, and environmental stress they create are major threats to the Mobile Bay ecosystem.</p><p>Among the nation’s states, Alabama ranks fifth in number of different species (144 endemic species), second in number of extinctions that have already occurred (90 extinct species) and fourth in number of species at risk for extinction (14.8% at risk out of 4,533 total species; Stein, 2002). Twenty-one of these threatened and endangered species are found in Mobile Bay, whose brackish waters provide a nursery area for many species of vertebrates and invertebrates. Some of these species include the Alabama sturgeon, Gulf sturgeon, heavy pigtoe mussel, inflated heel-splitter mussel, West Indian manatee, Alabama beach mouse, Perdido beach mouse, Alabama red-bellied turtle, gopher tortoise, Kemp’s ridley sea turtle, green sea turtle, loggerhead sea turtle, eastern indigo snake, flatwoods salamander, piping plover, red-cockaded woodpecker, and wood stork. Habitat loss underlies the decline of some bird species in Mobile Bay, and large mammals such as the red wolf, Florida panther, and Florida black bear are no longer found in the area. However, some rare species, such as the swallow-tailed kite, sandhill crane, and gopher tortoise can still be found (Duke and Kruczynski, 1992). The value of wetlands in Mobile Bay and the rest of the Gulf of Mexico is still being investigated. Although various monetary valuations of wetlands exist, critics remark that undervaluation of wetlands is inevitable (Mobile Bay NEP, 2008) and that estimates often do not place appropriate value on ecological services (Mitsch and Gosselink, 2000). Additionally, many estimates account only for anthropogenic values. One estimate concludes that one acre of wetlands performs \\$3,000 worth of water purification each year (Mobile Bay NEP, 1997). With more than 76,890 hectares (190,000 acres) of wetlands in the Mobile Bay area, that equates to a value exceeding one-half billion dollars every year. Tourism, fishing, boating, production, and shipping are significant industries in the Mobile Bay area. More than 90% of fish landed in recreational and commercial fishing in the bay depend on bay habitat, including wetlands, for life requirements (Mobile Bay NEP, 1997). The Port of Mobile is Alabama’s only ocean-ship&nbsp;port (Mobile Bay NEP, 2008). Baldwin County, on the eastern side of the bay, experienced a population increase of 75% from 1990 to 2007, with an 89% increase in housing units (Mobile Bay NEP, 2008). Development and industry support the Mobile Bay economy, but they depend on the continued health, sustainability, and production of the water and living resources of the Mobile Bay ecosystem. Wetland loss, along with other forms of environmental degradation, remains a threat to the Mobile Bay ecosystem and Mobile Bay’s socioeconomic foundation.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Emergent wetlands status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"conferenceTitle":"2013 Gulf of Mexico Alliance (GOMA) All Hands Meeting","conferenceDate":"June 25-27, 2013","conferenceLocation":"Tampa, FL","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Handley, L.R., Spear, K.A., Jones, S., and Thatcher, C.A., 2013, Mobile Bay, 22 p.","productDescription":"22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-037809","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344098,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":344097,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://gom.usgs.gov/web/Site/EmWetStatusTrends"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","otherGeospatial":"Mobile Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.85,\n              30.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.85,\n              30.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.15,\n              30.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.15,\n              30.7\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.24,\n              30.7\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.24,\n              30.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.24,\n              30.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.15,\n              30.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.15,\n              30.1\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.76,\n              30.1\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.76,\n              30.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.85,\n              30.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fdee4b0d1f9f065ab03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Handley, Lawrence R. handleyl@usgs.gov","contributorId":3459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handley","given":"Lawrence","email":"handleyl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spear, Kathryn A. 0000-0001-8942-2856 speark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-2856","contributorId":1949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spear","given":"Kathryn","email":"speark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Stephen","contributorId":118160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thatcher, Cindy A. 0000-0003-0331-071X thatcherc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0331-071X","contributorId":2868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"Cindy","email":"thatcherc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041783,"text":"70041783 - 2013 - Statewide summary for Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-21T16:09:50.539147","indexId":"70041783","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"chapter":"J","displayTitle":"Statewide Summary for Alabama","title":"Statewide summary for Alabama","docAbstract":"<p>Alabama is over 132,000 km<sup>2</sup> (51,000 miles<sup>2</sup>) in area, 483 km (300 miles) long, and 322 km (200 miles) wide (Copeland, 1968). Coastal Alabama comprises Mobile and Baldwin Counties and the surrounding State waters in the Gulf of Mexico (Figure 1; O’Neil and Mettee, 1982). It is part of both the East Gulf Coastal Plain section of the Coastal Plain province and the Mississippi-Alabama shelf section of the Continental Shelf province. Within the East Gulf Coastal Plain section, Alabama’s coastal land falls within the Southern Pine Hills and Coastal Lowlands subdivisions. The Southern Pine Hills subdivision is a sloping landscape composed of sand and clay. Its elevation varies from approximately 30 m (98 ft) near the coast to over 90 m (295 ft) in the northern areas of the two coastal counties. The Coastal Lowlands subdivision is a flat to slightly undulating plain with creeks, rivers, estuaries, and marshes leading to the surrounding bays and the Gulf of Mexico. Offshore Alabama is part of the Mississippi-Alabama section of the Continental Shelf. Barrier islands and spits in coastal Alabama include Dauphin Island, Fort Morgan Peninsula, and Perdido Key. Dauphin Island consists of a beach with dunes on the Gulf side and beaches and marshes on the north side. It was once over 24 km long, but after Hurricane Katrina it has been broken into two distinct islands. Fort Morgan Peninsula is attached to the eastern mainland and extends westward between Mobile Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. A large beach exists on the gulf side, with numerous lagoons and marshes on the bayside. Perdido Key is a narrow peninsula on the easternmost Alabama coast near the Alabama-Florida border, south of Perdido Bay. It consists of beaches and high dunes, with some marshes on the lagoon side of the peninsula.</p><p>Mobile Bay, parts of Mississippi Sound, Perdido Bay, and many smaller rivers and streams are the main bodies of water in coastal Alabama. Mobile Bay, a submerged river valley, is the largest at 1,070 km<sup>2</sup> (413 miles<sup>2</sup>) in area and 51.5 km (32 miles) in length (Mobile Bay NEP, 2008). Mobile Bay is 37 km (23 miles) wide at its maximum width near the opening to the Gulf of Mexico at the south end of the bay, and 16.1 km (10 miles) wide at the city of Mobile (Mobile Bay NEP, 2003; Mobile Bay NEP, 2008). It is remarkably shallow with an average depth of 3 m (10 ft), yet it discharges approximately 1,755.6 m<sup>3</sup> (62,000 ft<sup>3</sup>) of water every second on average (Mobile Bay NEP, 2008). Mississippi Sound runs parallel to the coasts of Mississippi and part of Alabama. The length of the Alabama portion of Mississippi Sound is approximately 26 km (16.2 miles) from the Dauphin Island bridge to the Mississippi-Alabama State line (O’Neil and Mettee, 1982). Dauphin Island separates the sound from the Gulf of Mexico. The sound drains into the Gulf of Mexico west of Dauphin Island at Petit Bois Pass, which is approximately 8 km (5 miles) wide. Mississippi Sound averages approximately 3.5 m (11.5 ft) in depth. Salt marshes, large areas of wetland scrub-shrub, and tidal creeks characterize the northern shore of Mississippi Sound, and the southern shore is composed of sandy barrier islands. Perdido Bay is located at the boundary of Baldwin County and Florida’s Escambia County. It is approximately 27 km (16.8 miles) long, 5 km (3 miles) at its widest point, and, on average, 2.4 m (7.9 ft) deep. The major fresh-water resource in&nbsp;coastal Alabama is the Mobile River, formed by the confluence of the Alabama and Tombigbee Rivers. The watershed for the Mobile River is approximately 111,369 km<sup>2</sup> (43,000 miles<sup>2</sup>) large and includes parts of Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, and Tennessee (Handley et al., 2007). Parts of Alabama and the Florida Panhandle drain into the Perdido River basin and western coastal Alabama drains into the Escatawpa River.&nbsp;</p><p>Emergent wetlands offer valuable ecological services in coastal Alabama. Marshes provide extensive plant material, which provides energy to the detritus-based estuarine ecological system (O’Neil et al., 1983). They provide habitat for many organisms, including shrimp and crabs, whose harvest is a major industry in coastal Alabama. Marshes provide habitat for refuge, feeding, breeding, and spawning. They also remove excess nutrients from water and contribute to erosion control. Degradation of marshes by pollutants, sediments, and other impacts decreases productivity of the entire estuarine ecosystem. Among the nation’s states, Alabama ranks fifth in number of different species (144 endemic species), second in number of extinctions that have already occurred (90 extinct species) and fourth in number of species at risk for extinction (14.8% at risk out of 4,533 total species; Stein, 2002). Many species of wildlife benefit from the wetland habitats in coastal Alabama. Numerous bird species can be found in coastal Alabama emergent marshes, which provide habitat for shore- and wading-birds that inhabit salt or brackish water coastal environments (Anderson et al., 1981). Colonial seabirds nest on coastal Alabama’s islands, the mainland, and dredge disposal sites (Cooley, 1987). The Mobile-Tensaw Delta and Mobile Bay are the state’s primary migratory waterfowl coastal wintering areas (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1982). The shallow waters, abundance of fish, and vegetative cover in emergent marsh&nbsp;contribute to excellent waterfowl habitat. Emergent wetlands in Alabama also provide habitat for a multitude of endangered species, including various species of raptors and wading- and shorebirds (O’Neil et al., 1983).&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Emergent wetlands status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"conferenceTitle":"2013 Gulf of Mexico Alliance (GOMA) All Hands Meeting","conferenceDate":"June 25-27, 2013","conferenceLocation":"Tampa, FL","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Handley, L.R., Spear, K.A., Jones, S., and Thatcher, C.A., 2013, Statewide summary for Alabama, 18 p.","productDescription":"18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-037807","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research 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 \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fdee4b0d1f9f065ab06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Handley, Lawrence R. handleyl@usgs.gov","contributorId":3459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handley","given":"Lawrence","email":"handleyl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spear, Kathryn A. 0000-0001-8942-2856 speark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-2856","contributorId":1949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spear","given":"Kathryn","email":"speark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Stephen","contributorId":118160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thatcher, Cindy A. 0000-0003-0331-071X thatcherc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0331-071X","contributorId":2868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"Cindy","email":"thatcherc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041787,"text":"70041787 - 2013 - Statewide summary for Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-21T16:32:48.478093","indexId":"70041787","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"chapter":"H","displayTitle":"Statewide Summary for Mississippi","title":"Statewide summary for Mississippi","docAbstract":"<p>The Mississippi coastline is 113 linear kilometers (70 miles) long and its estuaries cover approximately 594 km (369 mi; Figure 1) (Handley and others, 2007). It has a man-made sand beach 43.5 km (27 mi) long and 595.5 km (370 mi) of shoreline (Klein and others, b., 1998). The Mississippi Sound extends across the coastal waters of the State and encompasses 175,412 ha (433,443 acres). It is bordered by the Mississippi coast; Mobile Bay, Ala.; the Gulf Islands National Seashore barrier islands; and Lake Borgne, La. The watersheds and drainages feeding into Mississippi Sound, excluding tidal exchange from the Gulf of Mexico, include Lake Borgne, Pearl River, Jourdan River, Wolf River, Biloxi River, Tchoutacabouffa River, Pascagoula River, and Mobile Bay. The Pascagoula River is one of the last undammed rivers in the continental U.S. and the only undammed river flowing into the Gulf of Mexico. Freshwater inflow into Mississippi Sound, excluding that from Mobile Bay, averages 882.4 m<sup>3</sup> per second (30,806 ft<sup>3</sup> per second). </p><p>The Mississippi coastal zone contains approximately one-third of the State’s 120 ecological communities (Klein and others, a., 1998). Regional land use includes silviculture, agriculture, and urban development, including several coastal casinos.&nbsp;Commercial shipping, shipbuilding, phosphate rock refinement, and electric power generation companies include some of the industrial complexes found along the Mississippi coast. The three counties found along the Mississippi coast, Hancock, Harrison, and Jackson Counties, had a total population of 370,702 as of 2010, constituting 12.5 percent of the State’s population (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). These counties cover over 160.9 km (100 mi) of coastline and are one of the fastest growing regions in the state (Klein and others, b., 1998).</p><p>The casino industry, military installations, trade, and manufacturing provide most jobs in coastal Mississippi. Two major deep-water ports exist in coastal Mississippi. Recreation and tourism have a significant impact on Mississippi’s economy as well, annually attracting approximately 1.8 million visitors to the coast and generating approximately \\$3.5 billion statewide, about one-third of which comes from coastal tourism. Ninety percent of the coastal tourism expenditures come from recreational boating and related industries. Marine recreational fishing generates more than \\$50 million annually, with approximately 280,000 participants, more than a million recreational fishing expeditions, and over 40,000 resident saltwater sportfishing licenses sold each year. More than one-fourth of the anglers fishing in coastal Mississippi are tourists. Landings of shrimp, crabs, oysters, and finfish equal approximately 99.8 million kg (220 million lbs) of seafood annually. The entire seafood industry in coastal Mississippi, including processing of seafood caught in other Gulf States, generates approximately \\$450 million per year. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Emergent wetlands status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"conferenceTitle":"2013 Gulf of Mexico Alliance (GOMA) All Hands Meeting","conferenceDate":"June 25-27, 2013","conferenceLocation":"Tampa, FL","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Handley, L.R., Spear, K.A., Leggett, A., and Thatcher, C.A., 2013, Statewide summary for Mississippi, 9 p.","productDescription":"9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-037808","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leggett, Ali","contributorId":115802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leggett","given":"Ali","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thatcher, Cindy A. 0000-0003-0331-071X thatcherc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0331-071X","contributorId":2868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"Cindy","email":"thatcherc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70176401,"text":"70176401 - 2013 - Sediment transport due to extreme events: The Hudson River estuary after tropical storms Irene and Lee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-13T09:29:59","indexId":"70176401","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment transport due to extreme events: The Hudson River estuary after tropical storms Irene and Lee","docAbstract":"Tropical Storms Irene and Lee in 2011 produced intense precipitation and flooding in the U.S. Northeast, \nincluding the Hudson River watershed. Sediment input to the Hudson River was approximately 2.7 megaton, about \n5 times the long-term annual average. Rather than the common assumption that sediment is predominantly trapped \nin the estuary, observations and model results indicate that approximately two thirds of the new sediment \nremained trapped in the tidal freshwater river more than 1 month after the storms and only about one fifth of \nthe new sediment reached the saline estuary. High sediment concentrations were observed in the estuary, but \nthe model results suggest that this was predominantly due to remobilization of bed sediment. Spatially localized \ndeposits of new and remobilized sediment were consistent with longer term depositional records. The results \nindicate that tidal rivers can intercept (at least temporarily) delivery of terrigenous sediment to the marine \nenvironment during major flow events.","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2013GL057906","usgsCitation":"Ralston, D., Warner, J., Geyer, W., and Wall, G.R., 2013, Sediment transport due to extreme events: The Hudson River estuary after tropical storms Irene and Lee: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 40, no. 20, p. 5451-5455, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GL057906.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"5451","endPage":"5455","ipdsId":"IP-051406","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474055,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013gl057906","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328586,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d92342e4b090824ffa1b30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ralston, David K.","contributorId":75796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ralston","given":"David K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":2681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John C.","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Geyer, W. Rockwell","contributorId":51588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geyer","given":"W. Rockwell","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wall, Gary R. grwall@usgs.gov","contributorId":915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wall","given":"Gary","email":"grwall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70178388,"text":"70178388 - 2013 - Northern Great Plains Network water quality monitoring design for tributaries to the Missouri National Recreational River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-12T20:16:30","indexId":"70178388","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":54,"text":"Natural Resource Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/NGPN/NRTR-2013/783","title":"Northern Great Plains Network water quality monitoring design for tributaries to the Missouri National Recreational River","docAbstract":"<p>The National Park Service (NPS) organized more than 270 parks with important natural resources into 32 ecoregional networks to conduct Inventory and Monitoring (I&amp;M) activities for assessment of natural resources within park units. The Missouri National Recreational River (NRR) is among the 13 parks in the NPS Northern Great Plain Network (NGPN). Park managers and NGPN staff identified surface water resources as a high priority vital sign to monitor in park units. The objectives for the Missouri NRR water quality sampling design are to (1) assess the current status and long-term trends of select water quality parameters; and (2) document trends in streamflow at high-priority stream systems. Due to the large size of the Missouri River main stem, the NGPN water quality design for the Missouri NRR focuses on wadeable tributaries within the park unit. To correlate with the NGPN water quality protocols, monitoring of the Missouri NRR consists of measurement of field core parameters including dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, and temperature; and streamflow. The purpose of this document is to discuss factors examined for selection of water quality monitoring on segments of the Missouri River tributaries within the Missouri NRR.</p><p>Awareness of the complex history of the Missouri NRR aids in the current understanding and direction for designing a monitoring plan. Historical and current monitoring data from agencies and entities were examined to assess potential NGPN monitoring sites. In addition, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 303(d) list was examined for the impaired segments on tributaries to the Missouri River main stem. Because major tributaries integrate water quality effects from complex combinations of land use and environmental settings within contributing areas, a 20-mile buffer of the Missouri NRR was used to establish environmental settings that may impact the water quality of tributaries that feed the Missouri River main stem. For selection of monitoring sites, anthropogenic and natural influences to water quality were assessed for Missouri NRR tributaries. Factors that were examined include the size and contributions of tributaries within watersheds to the main stem; population density; and land use such as urban development and agricultural practices including concentrated animal feeding operations. Based on examination of these data in addition to the park’s legislation and management considerations, two sites were selected for monitoring water quality on Missouri NRR tributaries for the ice-free season (mid-May to mid-October) on a rotational basis every third year. Bow Creek at St. James was selected for water quality monitoring based on lack of long-term water quality monitoring, current recreational use, and proximity of the tributary to intense agricultural practices. In addition, land within the Bow Creek watershed is owned by the NPS. The Niobrara River at Verdel was selected for monitoring due to high use for public recreational activities, adjacent agricultural land use, and documented impairments for designated beneficial uses. Both sites will have access to real-time streamgages that will aid in a greater understanding of water quality.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Rowe, B.L., Wilson, S.K., Yager, L., and Wilson, M.H., 2013, Northern Great Plains Network water quality monitoring design for tributaries to the Missouri National Recreational River: Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NGPN/NRTR-2013/783, xi, 38 p.","productDescription":"xi, 38 p.","numberOfPages":"54","ipdsId":"IP-043441","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339826,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":331055,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2197799"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f5d444e4b0f2e20545e433","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowe, Barbara L. blrowe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"Barbara","email":"blrowe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":691294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Stephen K.","contributorId":191011,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yager, Lisa","contributorId":176898,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yager","given":"Lisa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, Marcia H.","contributorId":6149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Marcia","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70175256,"text":"70175256 - 2013 - Tree-ring records of variation in flow and channel geometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-03T13:41:29","indexId":"70175256","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Tree-ring records of variation in flow and channel geometry","docAbstract":"<p><span>We review the use of tree rings to date flood disturbance, channel change, and sediment deposition, with an emphasis on rivers in semi-arid landscapes in the western United States. As watershed area decreases and aridity increases, large floods have a more pronounced and sustained effect on channel width and location, resulting in forest area-age distributions that are farther from a steady-state exponential relation. Furthermore, forests along three major snowmelt rivers in the northern Rocky Mountains, USA, have smaller than expected areas of young trees, suggesting that high flows and channel migration have decreased since the late 1800s.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reference module in earth systems and environmental sciences; Treatise on geomorphology, Volume 12","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-374739-6.00319-5","usgsCitation":"Merigliano, M., Friedman, J., and Scott, M.L., 2013, Tree-ring records of variation in flow and channel geometry, chap. <i>of</i> Reference module in earth systems and environmental sciences; Treatise on geomorphology, Volume 12, v. 12, p. 145-164, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-374739-6.00319-5.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"164","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024510","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326036,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a315d4e4b006cb45558bb9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merigliano, M.F.","contributorId":30190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merigliano","given":"M.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friedman, J.M.","contributorId":88671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, M. L.","contributorId":78261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70174138,"text":"70174138 - 2013 - Management of wetlands for wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-28T16:08:37","indexId":"70174138","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Management of wetlands for wildlife","docAbstract":"<p><span>Wetlands are highly productive ecosystems that provide habitat for a diversity of wildlife species and afford various ecosystem services. Managing wetlands effectively requires an understanding of basic ecosystem processes, animal and plant life history strategies, and principles of wildlife management. Management techniques that are used differ depending on target species, coastal versus interior wetlands, and available infrastructure, resources, and management objectives. Ideally, wetlands are managed as a complex, with many successional stages and hydroperiods represented in close proximity. Managing wetland wildlife typically involves manipulating water levels and vegetation in the wetland, and providing an upland buffer. Commonly, levees and water control structures are used to manipulate wetland hydrology in combination with other management techniques (e.g., disking, burning, herbicide application) to create desired plant and wildlife responses. In the United States, several conservation programs are available to assist landowners in developing wetland management infrastructure on their property. Managing wetlands to increase habitat quality for wildlife is critical, considering this ecosystem is one of the most imperiled in the world.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-6907-6_4","usgsCitation":"Gray, M.J., Hagy, H.M., J. Andrew Nyman, and Stafford, J.D., 2013, Management of wetlands for wildlife, p. 121-180, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6907-6_4.","productDescription":"60 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"180","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038465","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324562,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fb2e4b07657d1a90ce2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, Matthew J.","contributorId":172498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16989,"text":"University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hagy, Heath M.","contributorId":172496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hagy","given":"Heath","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27056,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey, Havana, IL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"J. Andrew Nyman","contributorId":172497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"J. Andrew Nyman","affiliations":[{"id":16756,"text":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stafford, Joshua D. jstafford@usgs.gov","contributorId":4267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"Joshua","email":"jstafford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70171355,"text":"70171355 - 2013 - Reconsidering residency: Characterization and conservation implications of complex migratory patterns of shortnose sturgeon (<i>Acispenser brevirostrum</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-30T12:39:59","indexId":"70171355","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reconsidering residency: Characterization and conservation implications of complex migratory patterns of shortnose sturgeon (<i>Acispenser brevirostrum</i>)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Efforts to conserve endangered species usually involve attempts to define and manage threats at the appropriate scale of population processes. In some species that scale is localized; in others, dispersal and migration link demic units within larger metapopulations. Current conservation strategies for endangered shortnose sturgeon (</span><i>Acipenser brevirostrum</i><span>) assume the species is river resident, with little to no movement between rivers. However we have found that shortnose sturgeon travel more than 130 km through coastal waters between the largest rivers in Maine. Indeed, acoustic telemetry shows that shortnose sturgeon enter six out of the seven acoustically monitored rivers we have monitored, with over 70% of tagged individuals undertaking coastal migrations between river systems. Four migration patterns were identified for shortnose sturgeon inhabiting the Penobscot River, Maine: river resident (28%), spring coastal emigrant (24%), fall coastal emigrant (33%), and summer coastal emigrant (15%). No shortnose sturgeon classified as maturing female exhibited a resident pattern, indicating differential migration. Traditional river-specific assessment and management of shortnose sturgeon could be better characterized using a broader metapopulation scale, at least in the Gulf of Maine, that accounts for diverse migratory strategies and the importance of migratory corridors as critical habitat.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2012-0196","usgsCitation":"Dionne, P.E., Zydlewski, G.B., Kinnison, M.T., Zydlewski, J.D., and Wippelhauser, G.S., 2013, Reconsidering residency: Characterization and conservation implications of complex migratory patterns of shortnose sturgeon (<i>Acispenser brevirostrum</i>): Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 70, no. 1, p. 119-127, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2012-0196.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"127","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036605","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321852,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d663be4b07e28b6684d36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dionne, Phillip E.","contributorId":169683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dionne","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":25572,"text":"University of Maine, Orono","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":630703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zydlewski, Gayle B.","contributorId":169688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Gayle","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kinnison, Michael T.","contributorId":169617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kinnison","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":630702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":630699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wippelhauser, Gail S.","contributorId":169680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wippelhauser","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":25571,"text":"Maine Department of Marine Resources, Augusta, ME","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":630700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70176402,"text":"70176402 - 2013 - Gas hydrate formation rates from dissolved-phase methane in porous laboratory specimens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-13T09:25:42","indexId":"70176402","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gas hydrate formation rates from dissolved-phase methane in porous laboratory specimens","docAbstract":"<p><span>Marine sands highly saturated with gas hydrates are potential energy resources, likely forming from methane dissolved in pore water. Laboratory fabrication of gas hydrate-bearing sands formed from dissolved-phase methane usually requires 1–2 months to attain the high hydrate saturations characteristic of naturally occurring energy resource targets. A series of gas hydrate formation tests, in which methane-supersaturated water circulates through 100, 240, and 200,000 cm</span><sup>3</sup><span> vessels containing glass beads or unconsolidated sand, show that the rate-limiting step is dissolving gaseous-phase methane into the circulating water to form methane-supersaturated fluid. This implies that laboratory and natural hydrate formation rates are primarily limited by methane availability. Developing effective techniques for dissolving gaseous methane into water will increase formation rates above our observed (1 ± 0.5) × 10</span><sup>−7</sup><span> mol of methane consumed for hydrate formation per minute per cubic centimeter of pore space, which corresponds to a hydrate saturation increase of 2 ± 1% per day, regardless of specimen size.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/grl.50809","usgsCitation":"Waite, W., and Spangenberg, E., 2013, Gas hydrate formation rates from dissolved-phase methane in porous laboratory specimens: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 40, no. 16, p. 4310-4315, https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50809.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"4310","endPage":"4315","ipdsId":"IP-050964","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474038,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50809","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328585,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d92339e4b090824ffa1a84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, William F. 0000-0002-9436-4109 wwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9436-4109","contributorId":625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"William F.","email":"wwaite@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spangenberg, E.K.","contributorId":71513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spangenberg","given":"E.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70006283,"text":"70006283 - 2013 - Tamarix, hydrology and fluvial geomorphology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-20T15:02:14.764881","indexId":"70006283","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"7","displayTitle":"<i>Tamarix</i>, hydrology and fluvial geomorphology","title":"Tamarix, hydrology and fluvial geomorphology","docAbstract":"<p><span>This chapter explores the impact of hydrology and fluvial geomorphology on the distribution and abundance of </span><i>Tamarix</i><span> as well as the reciprocal effects of </span><i>Tamarix</i><span> on hydrologic and geomorphic conditions. It examines whether flow-regime alteration favors </span><i>Tamarix</i><span> establishment over native species, and how </span><i>Tamarix</i><span> stands modify processes involved in the narrowing of river channels and the formation of floodplains. It begins with an overview of the basic geomorphic and hydrologic character of rivers in the western United States before analyzing how this setting has contributed to the regional success of </span><i>Tamarix</i><span>. It then considers the influence of </span><i>Tamarix</i><span> on the hydrogeomorphic form and function of rivers and concludes by discussing how a changing climate, vegetation management, and continued water-resource development affect the future role of </span><i>Tamarix</i><span> in these ecosystems.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tamarix: A case study of ecological change in the American West","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199898206.003.0007","usgsCitation":"Auerbach, D., Merritt, D.M., and Shafroth, P.B., 2013, Tamarix, hydrology and fluvial geomorphology, chap. 7 <i>of</i> Tamarix: A case study of ecological change in the American West, p. 99-122, https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199898206.003.0007.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"122","ipdsId":"IP-034390","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331328,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"583ff351e4b04fc80e43726e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sher, Anna A","contributorId":146314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sher","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":12651,"text":"University of Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":654507,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quigley, Martin F.","contributorId":112538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quigley","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654508,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Auerbach, Daniel A.","contributorId":147716,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Auerbach","given":"Daniel A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merritt, David M.","contributorId":95976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merritt","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shafroth, Patrick B. 0000-0002-6064-871X shafrothp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6064-871X","contributorId":2000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"Patrick","email":"shafrothp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70178489,"text":"70178489 - 2013 - Integrated hydrologic modeling of a transboundary aquifer system —Lower Rio Grande","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-20T10:47:07","indexId":"70178489","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Integrated hydrologic modeling of a transboundary aquifer system —Lower Rio Grande","docAbstract":"<p>For more than 30 years the agreements developed for the aquifer systems of the lower Rio Grande and related river compacts of the Rio Grande River have evolved into a complex setting of transboundary conjunctive use. The conjunctive use now includes many facets of water rights, water use, and emerging demands between the states of New Mexico and Texas, the United States and Mexico, and various water-supply agencies. The analysis of the complex relations between irrigation and streamflow supplyand-demand components and the effects of surface-water and groundwater use requires an integrated hydrologic model to track all of the use and movement of water. MODFLOW with the Farm Process (MFFMP) provides the integrated approach needed to assess the stream-aquifer interactions that are dynamically affected by irrigation demands on streamflow allotments that are supplemented with groundwater pumpage. As a first step to the ongoing full implementation of MF-FMP by the USGS, the existing model (LRG_2007) was modified to include some FMP features, demonstrating the ability to simulate the existing streamflow-diversion relations known as the D2 and D3 curves, departure of downstream deliveries from these curves during low allocation years and with increasing efficiency upstream, and the dynamic relation between surface-water conveyance and estimates of pumpage and recharge. This new MF-FMP modeling framework can now internally analyze complex relations within the Lower Rio Grande Hydrologic Model (LRGHM_2011) that previous techniques had limited ability to assess.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"MODFLOW and more 2013--Translating science into practice","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Colorado School of Mines, Integrated Groundwater Modeling Center","publisherLocation":"Golden, CO","usgsCitation":"Hanson, R.T., Schmid, W., Knight, J.E., and Maddock, T., 2013, Integrated hydrologic modeling of a transboundary aquifer system —Lower Rio Grande, <i>in</i> MODFLOW and more 2013--Translating science into practice, p. 57-61.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"61","ipdsId":"IP-042752","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333539,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58833023e4b0d0023163779a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, Randall T. 0000-0002-9819-7141 rthanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-7141","contributorId":801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randall","email":"rthanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmid, Wolfgang","contributorId":140408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmid","given":"Wolfgang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":654192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knight, Jacob E. 0000-0003-0271-9011 jknight@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-9011","contributorId":5143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Jacob","email":"jknight@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maddock, Thomas III","contributorId":32983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maddock","given":"Thomas","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70174895,"text":"70174895 - 2013 - Effects of acidic deposition and soil acidification on sugar maple trees in the Adirondack Mountains, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T10:54:54","indexId":"70174895","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"13-04","title":"Effects of acidic deposition and soil acidification on sugar maple trees in the Adirondack Mountains, New York","docAbstract":"This study documents the effects of acidic deposition and soil acid-base chemistry on the growth, regeneration, and canopy condition of sugar maple (SM) trees in the Adirondack Mountains of New York. Sugar maple is the dominant canopy species throughout much of the northern hardwood forest in the State. A field study was conducted in 2009 in which 50 study plots within 20 small Adirondack watersheds were sampled and evaluated for soil acid-base chemistry and SM growth, canopy condition, and regeneration. Atmospheric sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) deposition were estimated for each plot. Trees growing on soils with poor acid-base chemistry (low exchangeable calcium and % base saturation) that receive relatively high levels of atmospheric S and N deposition exhibited little to no SM seedling regeneration, decreased canopy condition, and short-to long-term growth declines compared with study plots having better soil condition and lower levels of atmospheric deposition. These results suggest that the ecosystem services provided by SM in the western and central Adirondack Mountain region, including aesthetic, cultural, and monetary values, are at risk from ongoing soil acidification caused in large part by acidic deposition.","language":"English","publisher":"New York State Energy Research and Development Authority","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, T.J., Lawrence, G.B., Bailey, S.W., McDonnell, T.C., and McPherson, G., 2013, Effects of acidic deposition and soil acidification on sugar maple trees in the Adirondack Mountains, New York, 241 p.","productDescription":"241 p.","ipdsId":"IP-045795","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340242,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325465,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/-/media/Files/Publications/Research/Environmental/Effects-Acidic-Deposition-Soil-Acidification.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Adirondack Mountains, New York","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.1739501953125,\n              44.23732831822538\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.57794189453125,\n              44.3768766587829\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.1192626953125,\n              44.3670601700202\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.9984130859375,\n              44.34938634389529\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.16595458984375,\n              43.49676775343911\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.48455810546875,\n              43.271206115959785\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.02288818359375,\n              43.22719386727831\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.4046630859375,\n              43.55651037504758\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.47332763671875,\n              43.92757183247526\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.223388671875,\n              44.25503590577483\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.1739501953125,\n              44.23732831822538\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59006066e4b0e85db3a5de01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sullivan, Timothy J.","contributorId":77812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lawrence, Gregory B. 0000-0002-8035-2350 glawrenc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Gregory","email":"glawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bailey, Scott W. 0000-0002-9160-156X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9160-156X","contributorId":36840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDonnell, Todd C.","contributorId":127622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonnell","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7087,"text":"Scientist, E&S Environmental Chemistry Inc, Corvallis OR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McPherson, G.T.","contributorId":127621,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McPherson","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7086,"text":"Field Technician, E&S Environmental Chemistry Inc, Corvallis OR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70175373,"text":"70175373 - 2013 - The effects of pulse pressure from seismic water gun technology on Northern Pike","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-08T11:04:20","indexId":"70175373","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of pulse pressure from seismic water gun technology on Northern Pike","docAbstract":"<p><span>We examined the efficacy of sound pressure pulses generated from a water gun for controlling invasive Northern Pike&nbsp;</span><i>Esox lucius</i><span>. Pulse pressures from two sizes of water guns were evaluated for their effects on individual fish placed at a predetermined random distance. Fish mortality from a 5,620.8-cm</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;water gun (peak pressure source level&nbsp;= 252&nbsp;dB referenced to 1&nbsp;&mu;P at 1&nbsp;m) was assessed every 24&nbsp;h for 168&nbsp;h, and damage (intact, hematoma, or rupture) to the gas bladder, kidney, and liver was recorded. The experiment was replicated with a 1,966.4-cm</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;water gun (peak pressure source level = 244&nbsp;dB referenced to 1&nbsp;&mu;P at 1&nbsp;m), but fish were euthanized immediately. The peak sound pressure level (SPL</span><sub>peak</sub><span>), peak-to-peak sound pressure level (SPL</span><sub>p-p</sub><span>), and frequency spectrums were recorded, and the cumulative sound exposure level (SEL</span><sub>cum</sub><span>) was subsequently calculated. The SPL</span><sub>peak</sub><span>, SPL</span><sub>p-p</sub><span>, and SEL</span><sub>cum</sub><span>&nbsp;were correlated, and values varied significantly by treatment group for both guns. Mortality increased and organ damage was greater with decreasing distance to the water gun. Mortality (31%) by 168&nbsp;h was only observed for Northern Pike exhibiting the highest degree of organ damage. Mortality at 72&nbsp;h and 168&nbsp;h postexposure was associated with increasing SEL</span><sub>cum</sub><span>&nbsp;above 195&nbsp;dB. The minimum SEL</span><sub>cum</sub><span>&nbsp;calculated for gas bladder rupture was 199&nbsp;dB recorded at 9&nbsp;m from the 5,620.8-cm</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;water gun and 194&nbsp;dB recorded at 6&nbsp;m from the 1,966.4-cm</span><sup>3</sup><span>water gun. Among Northern Pike that were exposed to the large water gun, 100% of fish exposed at 3 and 6&nbsp;m had ruptured gas bladders, and 86% exposed at 9&nbsp;m had ruptured gas bladders. Among fish that were exposed to pulse pressures from the smaller water gun, 78% exhibited gas bladder rupture. Results from these initial controlled experiments underscore the potential of water guns as a tool for controlling Northern Pike.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2013.802252","usgsCitation":"Gross, J.A., Irvine, K.M., Wilmoth, S.K., Wagner, T.L., Shields, P.A., and Fox, J.R., 2013, The effects of pulse pressure from seismic water gun technology on Northern Pike: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 142, no. 5, p. 1335-1346, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2013.802252.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1335","endPage":"1346","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038891","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326213,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"142","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a9ad73e4b05e859bdfbb1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gross, Jackson A.","contributorId":14273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"Jackson","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Irvine, Kathryn M. 0000-0002-6426-940X kirvine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6426-940X","contributorId":2218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"Kathryn","email":"kirvine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilmoth, Siri K. swilmoth@usgs.gov","contributorId":5501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilmoth","given":"Siri","email":"swilmoth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wagner, Tristany L.","contributorId":32442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tristany","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shields, Patrick A","contributorId":127026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shields","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":6770,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish & Game, Division of Commercial Fish, Soldotna, AK 99669","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fox, Jeffrey R.","contributorId":173522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fox","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70173624,"text":"70173624 - 2013 - Lakes without Landsat? Implications of scale and an alternative approach to regional remote lake monitoring using MODIS 250 m imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-02T16:42:48.793655","indexId":"70173624","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2592,"text":"Lake and Reservoir Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lakes without Landsat? Implications of scale and an alternative approach to regional remote lake monitoring using MODIS 250 m imagery","docAbstract":"<p><span>We evaluated use of MODIS 250&nbsp;m imagery for remote lake monitoring in Maine. Despite limited spectral resolution (visible red and near infrared bands), the twice daily image capture has a potential advantage over conventionally used, often cloudy Landsat imagery (16&nbsp;day interval) when short time windows are of interest. We analyzed 364 eligible (≥100 ha) Maine lakes during late summer (Aug–early Sep) 2000–2011. The red band was strongly correlated with natural log-transformed Secchi depth (SD), and the addition of ancillary lake and watershed variables explained some variability in ln(SD) (R</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;= 0.68–0.85; 9 models). Weak spectral resolution and variable lake conditions limited accurate lake monitoring to relatively productive periods in late summer, as indicated by inconsistent, sometimes weak regressions during June and July when lakes were clearer and less stable (R</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;= 0.19–0.74; 8 models). Additionally, SD estimates derived from 2 sets of concurrent MODIS and Landsat imagery generally did not agree unless Landsat imagery (30&nbsp;m) was resampled to 250&nbsp;m, likely owing to various factors related to scale. Average MODIS estimates exceeded those of Landsat by 0.35 and 0.49&nbsp;m on the 2 dates. Overall, MODIS 250&nbsp;m imagery are potentially useful for remote lake monitoring during productive periods when Landsat data are unavailable; however, analyses must occur when algal communities are stable and well-developed, are biased toward large lakes, may overestimate SD, and accuracy may be unreliable without non-spectral lake predictors.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10402381.2013.778926","usgsCitation":"Ian M. McCullough, Loftin, C., and Sader, S.A., 2013, Lakes without Landsat? Implications of scale and an alternative approach to regional remote lake monitoring using MODIS 250 m imagery: Lake and Reservoir Management, v. 29, no. 2, p. 89-98, https://doi.org/10.1080/10402381.2013.778926.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"98","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-039304","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323412,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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