1. Understanding the roles of habitat fragmentation and resource availability in shaping animal movement are integral for promoting species persistence and conservation. For insects like bumble bees, their movement patterns affect the survival and reproductive potential of their colonies as well as the pollen flow of plant species. However, our understanding of their mobility or the impact of putative barriers in natural environments is limited due to the technical difficulties of studying wild populations.
2. We used genetic mark-recapture to estimate the foraging distance, resource use, and site connectivity of two bumble bee species in a montane meadow complex composed of open meadows within a matrix of forest.
3. There was no evidence that forests or changes in landcover function as barriers to the fine‐scale movement for either species. Substantially greater colony‐specific foraging distances were found for Bombus vosnesenskii (maximum: 1867 m) compared to Bombus bifarius (maximum: 362 m). Despite this difference in absolute range, both species were detected across putative forest barriers at frequencies expected by uninhibited movement. Siblings separated by greater distances were more likely to be foraging on different floral species, potentially suggesting a resource‐based motivation for movement.
4. These results suggest that bumble bee foraging patterns are influenced by species-specific differences in movement capacity, with little influence of matrix composition between resource patches. They also support the perspective that habitat conservation for bumble bees should prioritize providing abundant and diverse patches of resources within species-specific movement radii with less emphasis on matrix composition.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/een.12868","usgsCitation":"Mola, J.M., Miller, M.R., O'Rourke, S., and Williams, N.M., 2020, Forests do not limit bumble bee foraging movements in a montane meadow complex: Ecological Entomology, v. 45, no. 5, p. 955-965, https://doi.org/10.1111/een.12868.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"955","endPage":"965","ipdsId":"IP-115626","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374189,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mola, John Michael 0000-0002-5394-9071","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5394-9071","contributorId":224281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mola","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Michael R.","contributorId":45796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12709,"text":"Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'Rourke, Sean M.","contributorId":224282,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O'Rourke","given":"Sean M.","affiliations":[{"id":16975,"text":"University of California Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, Neal M. 0000-0003-3053-8445","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3053-8445","contributorId":214382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Neal","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70229996,"text":"70229996 - 2020 - Cascadia Margin cold seeps: Subduction zone fluids, gas hydrates, and chemosynthetic habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-23T14:49:26.598036","indexId":"70229996","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-31T09:43:06","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Cascadia Margin cold seeps: Subduction zone fluids, gas hydrates, and chemosynthetic habitats","docAbstract":"Priority Geographic Area: The outer continental shelf and upper continental slope from Canada/U.S. border offshore Washington State to the Mendocino Fracture Zone (Northern California), entirely within the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), from the outermost shelf to at least 2000 m water depth (Figure 1).
Description of Priority Area: Since 2015, over a thousand water column gas plumes originating at seafloor gas seeps have been discovered landward of the Cascadia deformation front (e.g., Embley et al., 2016; Johnson et al., 2015, 2019; Merle and Embley, 2016; NA-95 Cruise Report, 2018; Riedel et al., 2018), adding to those that had long been known on Hydrate Ridge (e.g., Heeschen et al., 2003; Tréhu et al., 2004). The recently-discovered seeps stretch from offshore Vancouver Island to the Mendocino Fracture Zone and from the outer shelf to ~2000 m water depth, occurring both landward and seaward of the nominal limit for gas hydrate stability zone on the upper continental slope (Figure 1). Hundreds of seeps likely remain undiscovered. Water column imaging is incomplete both within the target geographic area and farther seaward, between the 2000 m isobath and the deformation front, which is the subject of an imaging study described in a white paper by Watt et al. The recently-discovered Cascadia Margin cold seeps partially overlap an important active margin gas hydrate province (Spence et al., 2001; Tréhu et al., 2003, 2004), as well as an area where sediments on the North American plate are folded and faulted and affected by fluids generated in the subduction complex beneath the Cascadia forearc (e.g., Saffer and Tobin, 2011). Several Ocean Drilling Program expeditions have focused on hydrate systems offshore Vancouver and Oregon (e.g., Riedel et al., 2009; Tréhu et al., 2004) and on the connection between the shallow and deep hydrogeologic systems. Cabled observatories now continuously monitor physical, chemical, and venting processes on south Hydrate Ridge (OOI; e.g., Philip et al., 2016a) and offshore Vancouver Island (NEPTUNE; e.g. Römer et al., 2016). Outside of these well-studied gas hydrate areas, a subset of the recently-discovered Cascadia seeps, including some that we visited with R/V Falkor in 2019 (e.g., https://schmidtocean.org/cruise/methane-seeps-at-edge-of-hydrate-stability/), also likely emit methane associated with shallow subseafloor gas hydrate systems. Other seeps are delivering not only methane, but also deep-derived gases (Baumberger et al., 2018, 2020) to the seafloor. Many Cascadia Margin seeps have also been recognized at water depths too shallow (e.g., 175 m) to be connected to gas hydrate dynamics. These seeps are postulated to be emitting gas and fluids that originated deep in accretionary wedge before migrating up normal faults generated during forearc extension associated with large earthquakes (Johnson et al., 2019). Only a small fraction of the recently discovered U.S. Cascadia Margin water column gas plumes has so far been verified by ROVs (Hercules from E/V Nautilus in 2016 and 2018; SuBastian from R/V Falkor in 2018 and 2019) to correspond to seafloor seeps. Careful scientific mapping, investigation, and sampling at the seeps have also been limited (e.g., Baumberger et al., 2018, 2020; Merle and Embley, 2016; Seabrook et al., 2018; Greinert et al. 2019). This white paper focuses on expanding exploration of already-identified U.S. Cascadia Margin cold seeps through a multipronged and multidisciplinary discovery program that could be accomplished with a variety of NOAA assets. The goals of the proposed exploration activities are to develop high-resolution maps of seep fields from deep ocean vehicles; to verify (and sample) seafloor gas emissions at the locations of water column plumes for compositional and isotopic studies; to map, sample, and conduct analyses on chemosynthetic communities and deep-sea coral habitats near seep sites to document species distributions and habitats as a function of depth and latitude along the margin; to collect seep geologic samples that can constrain the timing of methane emissions through geochronology; and to record environmental data (e.g., CTD) near the seafloor and in the water column above the seeps. Seafloor mapping using shipboard systems (multibeam/backscatter) would be needed to characterize seafloor features near seep sites. Water column imaging (EK60/80 and/or multibeam WCD data) conducted before and after seafloor explorations would capture active methane plumes and constrain temporal variations in seep emissions (e.g., Kannberg et al., 2013; Philip et al., 2016a, 2016b), which are known to vary on time scales as rapid as tidal cycles on this margin (e.g., Römer et al., 2016). What are the characterization and data needs in this area? Check all that apply: __x_ Biology, Geology, Physical Oceanography, Chemistry ___ Marine Archaeology ___ Other Provide a list or brief description of the data needed within this area, from your perspective: 1. Water column backscatter to image active gas plumes 2. High-resolution multibeam bathymetry, seafloor backscatter, and shallow sub-bottom imaging 3. Visual characterization and ground truthing of potential seeps, including high-resolution mapping and photography from near-seafloor vehicles; collection of seep-associated species, corals, sediments, authigenic carbonates, gases, and seawater Describe relevance to national security, conservation, and/or the economy: The Cascadia margin seeps provide significant ecosystem services, including habitat for commercially important fishes and support for diversity along the continental margin. Methane seeps are also biological hotspots for krill, plankton, and crustaceans, which in turn sustain higher trophic levels (e.g., whales). Methane-derived authigenic carbonates serve as a hard substrate for deep-sea corals and sponges on millennial time scales. The studies proposed here will elucidate the relationship among seep environments, deep-sea corals, sponges, fisheries, and other organisms and provide new insight into subduction zone and hydrate-associated fluids in this important seismogenic zone. The studies address fishery management concerns and inform future conservation of sensitive species (e.g., deep-sea corals) and benthic habitats. From your perspective, what makes this area unique? The Cascadia Margin seeps are a critical component of the leaky margin that stretches from Baja California to the Aleutian Arc along the Pacific coastline of North America. Cold seeps have been intensely studied on the Gulf of Mexico and U.S. Atlantic passive margins with a focus on chemosynthetic communities, deep-sea corals, and leakage of microbially-generated and/or thermogenic hydrocarbons; however, the recently-discovered Cascadia Margin seeps, as well as active margin seep systems in general, remain more poorly characterized. Such seeps not only contribute to the ocean carbon cycle (e.g., Pohlman et al., 2011), thereby fueling the base of the food chain in these settings, but also emit subduction zone fluids that provide clues about processes within the seismogenic zone and the accretionary complex. The Cascadia seeps area allows both biological (e.g., benthic habitats, coral distributions) and physical processes (e.g., generation of subduction zone fluids) to be studied along both depth (perpendicular to the deformation front) and latitudinal gradients.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Workshop to identify national ocean exploration priorities in the Pacific: White paper submissions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Consortium for Ocean Leadership","usgsCitation":"Demopoulos, A., Ruppel, C.D., Prouty, N.G., Watt, J., Baumberger, T., and Butterfield, D.A., 2020, Cascadia Margin cold seeps: Subduction zone fluids, gas hydrates, and chemosynthetic habitats, in Workshop to identify national ocean exploration priorities in the Pacific: White paper submissions, p. 61-64.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"64","ipdsId":"IP-121853","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":397462,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":397441,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://oceanleadership.org/discovery/ocean-exploration-pacific-priorities-workshop/"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascadia Margin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.662109375,\n 42.22851735620852\n ],\n [\n -123.48632812499999,\n 46.13417004624326\n ],\n [\n -124.365234375,\n 48.3416461723746\n ],\n [\n -129.19921875,\n 50.3454604086048\n ],\n [\n -133.330078125,\n 48.80686346108517\n ],\n [\n -132.71484375,\n 44.902577996288876\n ],\n [\n -131.30859375,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -127.529296875,\n 38.685509760012\n ],\n [\n -123.74999999999999,\n 39.90973623453719\n ],\n [\n -123.662109375,\n 42.22851735620852\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda 0000-0003-2096-4694","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":222183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruppel, Carolyn D. 0000-0003-2284-6632 cruppel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-6632","contributorId":195778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Carolyn","email":"cruppel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prouty, Nancy G. 0000-0002-8922-0688 nprouty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8922-0688","contributorId":3350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"Nancy","email":"nprouty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Watt, Janet 0000-0002-4759-3814","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4759-3814","contributorId":221271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watt","given":"Janet","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baumberger, Tamara","contributorId":289140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baumberger","given":"Tamara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Butterfield, David A","contributorId":172469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butterfield","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":27052,"text":"JISAO/PMEL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70229999,"text":"70229999 - 2020 - Mapping, exploration, and characterization of the California continental margin and associated features from the California-Oregon border to Ensenada, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-23T14:47:44.40071","indexId":"70229999","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-31T09:38:00","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Mapping, exploration, and characterization of the California continental margin and associated features from the California-Oregon border to Ensenada, Mexico","docAbstract":"Priority Geographic Area: Both within and outside US Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). California continental margin. This area includes and continues south of the geographic area captured in the Watt et al. white paper.
Description of Priority Area: The California continental margin, from the narrow shelf to abyssal depths, contains diverse seafloor features that influence benthic community types, biological connectivity, and is associated with significant seafloor geohazards. These complex features include marginal basins, depositional slopes, submarine canyons, ridges, and seamounts, and seep environments as a result of fluid seeps along active faults. Water column characteristics are variable, with steep gradients in current velocities, which influence sediment transport, from depositional fans (slow flow, muddy) to submarine canyons and seamounts (high currents, rocky, rugged terrain). These features and associated environments can influence the distribution of deep-sea habitats, including coral and sponge communities. South of the region described in the Watt et al. and Demopoulos et al. white papers, plentiful seeps occur from northern California down to the southern California Borderland. However, the underlying foundational geology associated with these seeps varies along the margin, changing with contrasting tectonic settings, from convergent tectonics to regions dominated by strike-slip faulting (Barry et al. 1996; Paull et al. 2008; Bernardo and Smith 2010; Maloney et al. 2015). For seeps located off southern California, the relationship to strike-slip fault systems may influence the distribution of seep fluid expulsion sites and associated seep habitats (Maloney et al. 2015; Grupe et al. 2015; Conrad et al., 2017), where transpression plays a key role in formation and localization of fluid seeps. Further exploration is required in order to understand these connections. Several submarine canyons intersect the shelf within this region, serving as important channels of energy and transport of sediment from shelf to slope depths. Canyons are typically associated with high currents, turbidity flows, steep and rugged terrain, and high food availability, all of which structures canyon communities and supports hotspots of biodiversity. Specific canyons along the California margin that have been well studied include Scripps and La Jolla Canyons off San Diego, and Monterey Canyon off Monterey, but many more remain relatively unexplored. Commercially important species of fish and invertebrates have been found associated with canyons, as well as deep-sea corals and sponges (e.g., Barry et al. 1996). However, in contrast to their Atlantic counterparts (e.g., through ACUMEN and ASPIRE campaigns) there has been a dearth of exploration and characterization of canyons along the California margin. A number of questions remain regarding canyon and slope wall stability and associated geohazards, plus, how the canyons connect and influence the broader regional biogeography of benthic communities is unknown. Due to their topography, seamounts along the California margin are characterized by steep slopes, large areas of rocky substrate, and high currents. Hydrological complexity is associated with seamounts given they impinge different watermasses, depending on depth range. This heterogeneity yields complex and diverse benthic communities, including commercially important fishes (e.g., Tracey et al., 2012). The geology of Davidson, Pioneer, San Juan, and Rodriquez Seamounts has received considerable study (e.g., Davis et al., 2010) but other seamounts are less known, including how they are biologically and ecologically connected. For example, research comparing the benthic communities associated with Rodriguez and San Juan Seamounts, located outside of the Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary and within the proposed Chumash Heritage National Marine Sanctuary, to communities found within the sanctuary is critical for managing and protecting resources within the sanctuary and modifying sanctuary boundaries. Exploration would yield the data needed to delineate and characterize essential fish habitats, and deep-sea coral and sponge communities, thus directly connecting the utility of exploration and discovery to decision making. The southern California Borderland is a geomorphologically heterogeneous area created by a complex network of faults, containing deep basins separated by shallow ridges and islands. Persistent fault-related deformation has created complex features, such as exposure of scarps and uplift rocks/ridges, seeps, erosional terraces, hydrate mounds, and mud volcanoes that provide support for thriving benthic communities. That said, significant oxygen minimum zones and low aragonite saturation states persist within several of the basin environments, influencing energy flow, community ecology, and calcification. For example, the combined effects of hypoxia and acidification pose serious threats to marine organisms and biological resources along the California margin. Mapping and exploration of the extensive faults and fault scarps can help constrain historical earthquake activity. But many questions remain regarding how the underlying geology and geological processes have shaped the biological communities.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Workshop to identify national ocean exploration priorities in the Pacific: White paper submissions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Consortium for Ocean Leadership","usgsCitation":"Demopoulos, A., Prouty, N.G., Brothers, D.S., Watt, J., Conrad, J.E., Chaytor, J., and Caldow, C., 2020, Mapping, exploration, and characterization of the California continental margin and associated features from the California-Oregon border to Ensenada, Mexico, in Workshop to identify national ocean exploration priorities in the Pacific: White paper submissions, p. 65-68.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"68","ipdsId":"IP-121854","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":397461,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":397442,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://oceanleadership.org/discovery/ocean-exploration-pacific-priorities-workshop/"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"continental margin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.20214843749999,\n 32.47269502206151\n ],\n [\n -117.1142578125,\n 33.687781758439364\n ],\n [\n -119.83886718750001,\n 34.77771580360469\n ],\n [\n -123.92578125,\n 43.100982876188546\n ],\n [\n -128.2763671875,\n 42.48830197960227\n ],\n [\n -124.4091796875,\n 31.98944183792288\n ],\n [\n -117.20214843749999,\n 32.47269502206151\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda 0000-0003-2096-4694","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":219234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prouty, Nancy G. 0000-0002-8922-0688 nprouty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8922-0688","contributorId":3350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"Nancy","email":"nprouty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brothers, Daniel S. 0000-0001-7702-157X dbrothers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-157X","contributorId":167089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"Daniel","email":"dbrothers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Watt, Janet 0000-0002-4759-3814","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4759-3814","contributorId":221271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watt","given":"Janet","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conrad, James E. 0000-0001-6655-694X jconrad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6655-694X","contributorId":2316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrad","given":"James","email":"jconrad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chaytor, Jason 0000-0001-8135-8677 jchaytor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8135-8677","contributorId":140095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaytor","given":"Jason","email":"jchaytor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Caldow, Chris","contributorId":270136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caldow","given":"Chris","affiliations":[{"id":56094,"text":"NOAA, NOS, Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary, Santa Barbara, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70209735,"text":"70209735 - 2020 - Steps to develop early warning systems and future scenarios of wave-driven flooding along coral reef-lined coasts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-23T14:45:11.680131","indexId":"70209735","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-31T09:27:01","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3912,"text":"Frontiers in Marine Science","onlineIssn":"2296-7745","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Steps to develop early warning systems and future scenarios of wave-driven flooding along coral reef-lined coasts","docAbstract":"Tropical coral reef-lined coasts are exposed to storm wave-driven flooding. In the future, flood events during storms are expected to occur more frequently and to be more severe due to sea-level rise, changes in wind and weather patterns, and the deterioration of coral reefs. Hence, disaster managers and coastal planners are in urgent need of decision-support tools. In the short-term, these tools can be applied in Early Warning Systems (EWS) that can help to prepare for and respond to impending storm-driven flood events. In the long-term, future scenarios of flooding events enable coastal communities and managers to plan and implement adequate risk-reduction strategies. Modeling tools that are used in currently available coastal flood EWS and future scenarios have been developed for open-coast sandy shorelines, which have only limited applicability for coral reef-lined shorelines. The tools need to be able to predict local sea levels, offshore waves, as well as their nearshore transformation over the reefs, and translate this information to onshore flood levels. In addition, future scenarios require long-term projections of coral reef growth, reef composition, and shoreline change. To address these challenges, we have formed the UFORiC (Understanding Flooding of Reef-lined Coasts) working group that outlines its perspectives on data and model requirements to develop EWS for storms and scenarios specific to coral reef-lined coastlines. It reviews the state-of-the-art methods that can currently be incorporated in such systems and provides an outlook on future improvements as new data sources and enhanced methods become available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers in Marine Science","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2020.00199","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Winter, G., Storlazzi, C.D., Vitousek, S., van Dongeren, A., McCall, R.T., Hoeke, R., Skirving, W., Marra, J., Reyns, J., Aucan, J., Widlansky, M.J., Becker, J., Perry, C., Masselink, G., Lowe, R., Ford, M., Pomeroy, A., Mendez, F.J., Rueda, A.C., and Wandres, M., 2020, Steps to develop early warning systems and future scenarios of wave-driven flooding along coral reef-lined coasts: Frontiers in Marine Science, v. 7, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00199.","productDescription":"199, 8 p.","startPage":"","ipdsId":"IP-108058","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457215,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00199","text":"Publisher Index 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It strongly influences the dynamics of spatially structured populations, by affecting population growth rate and local colonization-extinction processes. Dispersal can also influence evolutionary processes because it determines rates and patterns of gene flow in spatially structured populations and is closely linked to local adaptation. For these reasons, dispersal has received considerable attention from ecologists and evolutionary biologists. However, although it has been studied extensively in taxa such as birds and mammals, much less is known about dispersal in vertebrates with complex life cycles such as pond-breeding amphibians. Over the past two decades, researchers have taken an interest in amphibian dispersal and initiated both fundamental and applied studies, using a broad range of experimental and observational approaches. This body of research reveals complex dispersal patterns, causations and syndromes, with dramatic consequences for the demography and genetics of amphibian populations. In this review, our goals are to (1) redefine and clarify the concept of amphibian dispersal, (2) review current knowledge about the effects of individual (i.e., condition-dependent dispersal) and environmental (i.e., context-dependent dispersal) factors during the three stages of dispersal (i.e., emigration, immigration, transience), (3) identify the demographic and genetic consequences of dispersal in spatially structured amphibian populations, and (4) propose new research avenues to extend our understanding of amphibian dispersal. In particular, we emphasize the need to (1) quantify dispersal rate and distance rigorously using suitable model systems, (2) investigate the genetic basis and dispersal evolution patterns, and (3) examine dispersal-related eco-evolutionary dynamics. These proposed research avenues tap from the recent advances in quantitative and molecular methods and have the potential to improve our understanding of dispersal in organisms with complex life cycles.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press Journals","doi":"10.1086/707862","usgsCitation":"Cayuela, H., Valenzuela-Sanchez, V., Teulier, L., Martinez-Solano, I., Lena, J., Merila, J., Muths, E., Shine, R., Quay, L., Denoel, M., Clobert, J., and Schmidt, B., 2020, Determinants and consequences of dispersal in vertebrates with complex life cycles: a review of pond-breeding amphibians: The Quarterly Review of Biology, v. 95, no. 1, https://doi.org/10.1086/707862.","ipdsId":"IP-101192","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457219,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://univ-lyon1.hal.science/hal-02492117","text":"External Repository"},{"id":379542,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cayuela, H","contributorId":243362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayuela","given":"H","affiliations":[{"id":48698,"text":"Department of Biology, University Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":802146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Valenzuela-Sanchez, V","contributorId":243363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Valenzuela-Sanchez","given":"V","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48699,"text":"Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Avda. 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Some biologists have raised concerns regarding harvest sustainability because sandhill cranes have lower reproductive rates than other game birds. We summarized demographic information in an age-structured matrix model to better understand population dynamics and harvest. Population indices and recovered harvest since the early 1980s suggest midcontinent sandhill cranes have experienced an average long-term annual growth of 0.9%; meanwhile, harvest has increased 1.8% annually. We found that adult survival and recruitment rates estimated from field data required modest adjustments (1-3%) so that model-derived growth rates matched growth estimated from a long-term survey (0.887 adult survival and 0.199 females per breeding female). Considering 0.9% long-term annual growth, sandhill cranes could be harvested at a rate of 6.6% if harvest was additive to natural mortality (assumed to be 0.05) or 11.3% if harvest and natural mortality was compensatory. 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Field samples will provide infection and disease prevalence data from Prince William Sound and Sitka Sound that will inform the ASA model, serological data that will indicate the prior exposure history and future susceptibility of herring to VHS, and diet information that will provide insights into the unusually high prevalence of Ichthyophonus that occurs in juvenile herring from Cordova Harbor. Laboratory studies will validate the newly-developed plaque neutralization assay as a quantifiable measure of herd immunity against VHS, provide further understanding of disease cofactors including temperature and salinity, investigate the possibility of an invertebrate host for Ichthyophonus, and assess the virulence of other endemic pathogens to Pacific herring. Information from the field and laboratory studies will be integrated into the current ASA model, a novel ASA-type model that is based on the immune status of herring age cohorts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council","collaboration":"EVOSTC - Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Council","usgsCitation":"Hershberger, P., and Purcell, M.K., 2020, Herring Disease Program II 19120111-E - 2019 Annual Report, 11 p.","productDescription":"11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117369","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377007,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":376990,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://evostc.state.ak.us/restoration-projects/project-search/hrm-program-herring-disease-program-ii-19120111-e/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound, Sitka Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -139.130859375,\n 55.3791104480105\n ],\n [\n -131.396484375,\n 55.3791104480105\n ],\n [\n -131.396484375,\n 59.130863097255904\n ],\n [\n -139.130859375,\n 59.130863097255904\n ],\n [\n -139.130859375,\n 55.3791104480105\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -151.69921875,\n 59.22093407615045\n ],\n [\n -143.7890625,\n 59.22093407615045\n ],\n [\n -143.7890625,\n 61.897577621605016\n ],\n [\n -151.69921875,\n 61.897577621605016\n ],\n [\n -151.69921875,\n 59.22093407615045\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hershberger, Paul 0000-0002-2261-7760","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":203322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Purcell, Maureen K. 0000-0003-0154-8433 mpurcell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-8433","contributorId":168475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"Maureen","email":"mpurcell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70222956,"text":"70222956 - 2020 - Flea parasitism and host survival in a plague-relevant system: Theoretical and conservation implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-04T16:23:24.598092","indexId":"70222956","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-31T08:27:16","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flea parasitism and host survival in a plague-relevant system: Theoretical and conservation implications","docAbstract":"Plague is a bacterial zoonosis of mammalian hosts and flea vectors. The disease is capable of ravaging rodent populations and transforming ecosystems. Because plague mortality is likely to be predicted by flea parasitism, it is critical to understand vector dynamics. It has been hypothesized that paltry precipitation and reduced vegetative production predispose herbivorous rodents to malnourishment and flea parasitism, and flea parasitism varies directly with plague mortality. We evaluated these hypotheses on five colonies of Utah prairie dogs (UPDs; Cynomys parvidens), on the Awapa Plateau, Utah, US, in 2013–16. Ten flea species were identified among 3,257 fleas from UPDs. These 10 flea species parasitize prairie dogs, mice, rats, voles, ground squirrels, chipmunks, and marmots, all known hosts of plague. The abundance of fleas on individual UPDs (1,198 observations) varied inversely with UPD body condition; fleas were most abundant on lightweight, malnourished UPDs. Flea abundance on UPDs was highest in dry years that were preceded by wet years. Increased precipitation and soil moisture in the prior year might generate humid microclimates in UPD burrows (that could facilitate flea survival and reproduction) and paltry precipitation in the current year could predispose UPDs to malnourishment and flea parasitism. Annual re-encounter rates for UPDs (1,072 observations) were reduced in wetter years preceded by drier years; reduced precipitation and vegetative production might kill UPDs, and increased flea densities in drier years could provide conditions for plague transmission (and UPD mortality) when moisture returns. Re-encounter rates were reduced for UPDs carrying at least one flea compared to UPDs with no detected fleas. These results support the hypothesis that reduced precipitation in the current year predisposes UPDs to flea parasitism. Our results also suggest a link between flea parasitism and UPD mortality. Given documented connections between flea parasitism and plague transmission, our results point toward an effect of flea parasitism on plague-related deaths for individual UPDs, a phenomenon rarely investigated in nature.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/2019-08-201","usgsCitation":"Eads, D.A., Abbott, R.C., Biggins, D.E., and Rocke, T.E., 2020, Flea parasitism and host survival in a plague-relevant system: Theoretical and conservation implications: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 56, no. 2, p. 378-387, https://doi.org/10.7589/2019-08-201.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"378","endPage":"387","ipdsId":"IP-112909","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437045,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IG320C","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data on Flea Parasitism and Annual Re-encounters of Utah Prairie Dogs at 5 colonies on the Awapa Plateau, Utah, USA, 2013-2016"},{"id":387804,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Awapa Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.85317993164062,\n 38.10916794391597\n ],\n [\n -111.69731140136719,\n 38.10916794391597\n ],\n [\n -111.69731140136719,\n 38.24087667992996\n ],\n [\n -111.85317993164062,\n 38.24087667992996\n ],\n [\n -111.85317993164062,\n 38.10916794391597\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eads, David A. 0000-0002-4247-017X deads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4247-017X","contributorId":173639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eads","given":"David","email":"deads@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":820904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abbott, Rachel C. 0000-0003-4820-9295 rabbott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4820-9295","contributorId":1183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"Rachel","email":"rabbott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70213021,"text":"70213021 - 2020 - 2019 Status of the Lake Ontario Lower Trophic Levels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-04T13:33:14.952492","indexId":"70213021","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-31T08:20:26","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"2019 Status of the Lake Ontario Lower Trophic Levels","docAbstract":"Spring total phosphorus (TP) in 2019 was 3.2 µg/L (offshore) and 4.7 µg/L (nearshore), both all-time lows; however, there is no significant time trend in our data series (1995-2019 for nearshore; 2002-2019 for offshore). Apr/May – Oct mean TP concentrations were low at both nearshore and offshore locations (range, 3.7 – 6.5 µg/L). TP and SRP concentrations were not significantly different between nearshore and offshore habitats.
Chlorophyll-a and Secchi depth values are indicative of oligotrophic conditions in nearshore and offshore habitats. Offshore summer chlorophyll-a declined significantly 1995 – 2019. Nearshore chlorophyll-a increased 1995 – 2004 and then stabilized 2005 – 2019. In 2019, epilimnetic chlorophyll-a averaged between 1.3 and 2.9 μg/L across sites, and Apr/May – Oct concentrations were not significantly different between nearshore and offshore sites. Summer Secchi depth increased significantly in the offshore 1995 – 2019 from ~6 m to ~8 m. In the nearshore Secchi depth increased 1995 – 2004 but has remained around 6 m since 1999. Apr/May – Oct Secchi depth ranged from 3.8 m to 9.1 m (12 ft to 30 ft) at individual sites and was significantly higher offshore (7.6 m; 25 ft) than nearshore (5.7 m; 19 ft).
In 2019, nearshore summer zooplankton biomass increased to 16.7 mg/m3 after an all-time low (10.3 mg/m3) in 2017. Offshore biomass (12.0 mg/m3) was near the all-time low (8.1 mg/m3, 2006). Apr/May – Oct epilimnetic zooplankton density and biomass were not different between nearshore and offshore sites. However, zooplankton average size was significantly higher in the offshore (0.72 mm) than the nearshore (0.61 mm).
Peak (July) epilimnetic biomass of Cercopagis was 2.4 mg/m3 in the nearshore and 1.4 mg/m3 in the offshore. Peak (September) epilimnetic biomass of Bythotrephes was 2.0 mg/m3 in the nearshore and 2.9 mg/m3 in the offshore.
Summer nearshore zooplankton density and biomass declined significantly 1995 – 2004 and then remained stable 2005 – 2019. The decline was due mainly to reductions in cyclopoids copepods.
Summer epilimnetic daytime offshore zooplankton density decreased significantly 1995 – 2004, but biomass did not. Density and biomass declined significantly 1995 – 2019. Density was 3885/m3 in 2019, about one-fourth the level observed the previous year. Offshore summer epilimnetic zooplankton biomass in 2019 was 12 mg/m3—well below the mean from 2005 – 2018 (20 mg/m3).
Most offshore zooplankton biomass was found in the metalimnion in July and early-October, and in the hypolimnion in September. Limnocalanus dominated the metalimnion in July while daphnids comprised most of the biomass in October. In September, Limnocalanus dominated the hypolimnion.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"2019 Lake Ontario Unit Annual Report","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"New York Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Holeck, K.T., Rudstam, L.G., Hotaling, C., Lemon, D., Pearsall, W., Lantry, J., Connerton, M., Legard, C., LaPan, S., Biesinger, Z., Lantry, B.F., Weidel, B., and O’Malley, B., 2020, 2019 Status of the Lake Ontario Lower Trophic Levels, 28 p.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"3-1","endPage":"3-28","ipdsId":"IP-118057","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378165,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":378157,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dec.ny.gov/outdoor/27068.html"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"New York, Ontario","otherGeospatial":"Lake 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-76.9207763671875,\n 43.201171681272456\n ],\n [\n -76.651611328125,\n 43.26920624914964\n ],\n [\n -76.3824462890625,\n 43.48481212891603\n ],\n [\n -76.124267578125,\n 43.58834891179792\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holeck, Kristen T.","contributorId":105549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holeck","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rudstam, Lars G. 0000-0002-3732-6368","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3732-6368","contributorId":213508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudstam","given":"Lars","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hotaling, Christopher","contributorId":197987,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hotaling","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lemon, Dave","contributorId":197989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lemon","given":"Dave","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13678,"text":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pearsall, Web","contributorId":197990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearsall","given":"Web","affiliations":[{"id":13678,"text":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lantry, Jana","contributorId":141102,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lantry","given":"Jana","affiliations":[{"id":13678,"text":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Connerton, Mike","contributorId":214585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connerton","given":"Mike","affiliations":[{"id":39079,"text":"NYSDEC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Legard, Chris","contributorId":214586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Legard","given":"Chris","affiliations":[{"id":39079,"text":"NYSDEC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"LaPan, Steve","contributorId":197992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaPan","given":"Steve","affiliations":[{"id":13678,"text":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Biesinger, Zy","contributorId":197993,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biesinger","given":"Zy","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lantry, Brian F. 0000-0001-8797-3910 bflantry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8797-3910","contributorId":3435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lantry","given":"Brian","email":"bflantry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Weidel, Brian 0000-0001-6095-2773 bweidel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6095-2773","contributorId":2485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weidel","given":"Brian","email":"bweidel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"O’Malley, Brian 0000-0001-5035-3080 bomalley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5035-3080","contributorId":216560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Malley","given":"Brian","email":"bomalley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70209333,"text":"70209333 - 2020 - Greater sage-grouse chick killed by Great Basin gopher snake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-17T17:58:25.870236","indexId":"70209333","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-31T08:16:22","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Greater sage-grouse chick killed by Great Basin gopher snake","docAbstract":"Despite extensive range overlap between Great Basin gopher snakes (Pituophis catenifer deserticola) and Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) within sagebrush ecosystems, there are few documented predator–prey interactions between these species. Although gopher snakes have been observed preying on nests of other prairie grouse, studies that used video-monitoring at sage-grouse nests found gopher snakes unable to consume sage-grouse eggs and reported just a single instance of a snake consuming a <1-day-old chick in a nest bowl. On the morning of 4 June 2018 at 04:55, we observed a Great Basin gopher snake killing, constricting, and attempting to consume a 19-day-old sage-grouse chick in the foothills of the Owyhee Mountains, southwestern Idaho. This observation is the first record of a gopher snake killing a sage-grouse chick during the late brood-rearing period and highlights the likelihood that large gopher snakes are a cause of chick mortality from hatch day to at least 19 days post-hatch.
","language":"English","publisher":"Brigham Young University","doi":"10.3398/064.080.0107","usgsCitation":"McIntire, S.E., Rabon, J.C., Coates, P.S., Ricca, M.A., and Johnson, T.N., 2020, Greater sage-grouse chick killed by Great Basin gopher snake: Western North American Naturalist, v. 80, no. 1, p. 70-73, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.080.0107.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"73","ipdsId":"IP-110082","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373698,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","county":"Owyhee County","otherGeospatial":"Owyhee 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PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McIntire, Sarah E","contributorId":223733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntire","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":40761,"text":"Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rabon, Jordan C.","contributorId":223734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rabon","given":"Jordan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":40761,"text":"Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 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America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regionally Optimized Background Earthquake Rates from ETAS (ROBERE) for probabilistic seismic hazard assessment","docAbstract":"We use an epidemic‐type aftershock sequence (ETAS) based approach to develop a regionally optimized background earthquake rates from ETAS (ROBERE) method for probabilistic seismic hazard assessment. ROBERE fits parameters to the full seismicity catalog for a region with maximum‐likelihood estimation, including uncertainty. It then averages the earthquake rates over a suite of catalogs from which foreshocks and aftershocks have been removed using stochastic declustering while maintaining the same Gaussian smoothing currently used for the U.S. Geological Survey National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM). The NSHM currently determines these rates by smoothing a single catalog from which foreshocks and aftershocks have been removed using the method of Gardner and Knopoff (1974; hereafter, GK74). The parameters used in GK74 were determined from subjectively identified aftershock sequences, unlike ROBERE, in which both background rate and aftershock triggering parameters are objectively fitted. A major difference between the impacts of the two methods is GK74 significantly reduces the
A three-dimensional, numerical groundwater flow model of the Hualapai Plateau and Truxton basin was developed to assist water-resource managers in understanding the potential effects of projected groundwater withdrawals on groundwater levels and storage in the basin. The Truxton Basin Hydrologic Model (TBHM) is a transient model that simulates the hydrologic system for the years 1976 through 2139, including hypothetical low-, medium-, and high-groundwater withdrawal scenarios beginning in 2020. The simulated effects of these withdrawal scenarios are presented as groundwater-level changes from the year 2020 to 2070, and from 2020 to 2140. Hydrologic properties in the TBHM are derived from calibration of a steady-state model of the predevelopment (before 1976) groundwater system. The future pumping scenarios are each simulated with three different interpretations of basin depth supported by geophysical data. For each of the resulting nine transient models, a Monte Carlo approach is used to produce a range of possible and probable groundwater-level changes at points throughout the basin given probabilistic ranges of hydrologically reasonable aquifer property values supported by the model calibration results. The ensemble of models that simulate the future pumping scenarios include pumping from the existing well field (three wells) plus additional pumping from a proposed new well. Simulated high future pumping increases progressively to 1,840 acre-feet per year in 2120 and produces a range of drawdowns between 20 and 39 feet (ft) near the pumping center, with a median drawdown of 28 ft. The low future pumping scenario, which increases progressively to 650 acre-ft per year in 2120, produces a range of drawdowns between 5 and 15 ft, with a median drawdown of 10 ft at the same location over the same period of time.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205017E","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Knight, J.E., 2020, Simulation of groundwater-level changes from projected groundwater withdrawals in the Truxton basin, northwestern Arizona, chap. E of Mason, J.P., ed., Geophysical surveys, hydrogeologic characterization, and groundwater flow model for the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau, northwestern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5017, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205017E.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 39 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-108383","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399689,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_109887.htm"},{"id":373648,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9O2WGLS","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW-NWT groundwater model used for simulating potential future pumping scenarios and forecasting associated groundwater-level changes in the Truxton aquifer on the Hualapai Reservation and adjacent areas, Mohave County, Arizona"},{"id":373647,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5017/e/sir20205017_chap_e.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020-5017 Chapter E"},{"id":373504,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5017/e/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Truxton basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.05,\n 35.2403\n ],\n [\n -113.18,\n 35.2403\n ],\n [\n -113.18,\n 36.1656\n ],\n [\n -114.05,\n 36.1656\n ],\n [\n -114.05,\n 35.2403\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
This study was developed to assess if groundwater from the western Hualapai Plateau could be used to supply developments in the Grand Canyon West area of the Hualapai Indian Reservation and to collect hydrogeologic data for future use in a numerical groundwater model for the reservation. Ground-based geophysical surveys; existing well, spring, and other hydrogeologic information from previous studies; and new well and spring data collected for this study were used to provide a better understanding of the hydrogeology of the western Hualapai Plateau.
Surface geophysical data provided information on the depth and geologic structure of lower Paleozoic rock units and Proterozoic crystalline and metamorphic rocks that underlie the western Hualapai Plateau. The surface geophysical data and discharge information from springs were used to select a site to drill and develop the U.S. Geological Survey Hualapai Test Well.
The Hualapai Test Well was drilled to understand the geophysical properties of geologic formations at depth. These data were used to verify the results of surface geophysical data and to evaluate if sufficient water was present in the Hualapai Test Well for potential groundwater development. The Hualapai Test Well was drilled to a depth of 2,468 feet and bottomed in Proterozoic granite. Water was expected in the lower part of the Muav Limestone, but water was not observed until the Tapeats Sandstone at a depth of 2,400 feet. The Tapeats Sandstone was determined to be confined with a hydrostatic head of over 900 feet. A 48-hour pumping test was conducted to determine aquifer properties. Low specific capacity indicated that although groundwater is present in the Tapeats Sandstone, well yields are likely to be small. A water-quality sample indicated the sample had a calcium, magnesium-bicarbonate water type with a total dissolved-solids concentration of 371 milligrams per liter. Alpha radioactivity of the sample, 18.3 picocuries per liter, exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level of 15 picocuries per liter for drinking water. Concentrations of iron and manganese in the water sample also exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency secondary maximum contaminant levels for drinking water.
An inventory of wells and springs provided insight into the occurrence of groundwater on the western Hualapai Plateau. Data from 56 springs on and adjacent to the western Hualapai Plateau were compiled for this study, and new data were collected at 31 springs. Discharge from springs visited for this study ranged from dry to about 345 gallons per minute. The temporal data from springs, where repeat measurements were available, indicated that spring flow is highly variable and likely related to seasonal and annual precipitation. Water levels from 36 wells on and adjacent to the western Hualapai Plateau were compiled for this study, and new water levels were collected at 5 wells. The spring and well data in conjunction with the Hualapai Test Well results indicated that on the western Hualapai Plateau, bedrock aquifers have limited discrete flow paths that make extensive groundwater development unlikely.
Director,
Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
The area surrounding the Grand Canyon has spectacular outcrop exposure in the modern canyon walls, leading to stratigraphic contact delineations that are well constrained near canyons yet poorly constrained where the terrain remains undissected and relatively unexplored by boreholes. An airborne electromagnetic and magnetic survey of the western Hualapai Indian Reservation and surrounding areas was undertaken to support the development of a three-dimensional hydrostratigraphic framework of the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau. These data were used to develop models of the resistivity structure with total depths of investigation ranging from 200 meters in the most conductive parts of the Truxton basin to more than 600 meters in the higher resistivity areas underlying the Hualapai Plateau. The modeled resistivity structure was used in conjunction with geologic maps, well lithologic records, and results from gravity models of the depth to bedrock to develop high-resolution regional interpretations of the elevation of the Muav Limestone-Bright Angel Shale contact and the top of the crystalline basement. These contacts are conceptualized to serve as the base of the Paleozoic limestone aquifers primarily underlying the Hualapai Plateau and the Tertiary-Quaternary sedimentary and volcanic aquifers of the Truxton basin, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205017D","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Ball, L.B., 2020, Major hydrostratigraphic contacts of the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau, northwestern Arizona, developed from airborne electromagnetic data, chap. D of Mason, J.P., ed., Geophysical surveys, hydrogeologic characterization, and groundwater flow model for the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau, northwestern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5017, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205017D.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 24 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-108191","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399687,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_109886.htm"},{"id":373646,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P91OLJN3","linkHelpText":"Airborne electromagnetic and magnetic survey data from the western Hualapai Indian Reservation near Grand Canyon West and Peach Springs, Arizona, 2018"},{"id":373503,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5017/d/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":373645,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5017/d/sir20205017_chap_d.pdf","text":"Report","size":"27 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020-5017 Chapter D"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Hualapai Plateau, Truxton basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.2125,\n 35.2281\n ],\n [\n -113.0603,\n 35.2281\n ],\n [\n -113.0603,\n 36.2139\n ],\n [\n -114.2125,\n 36.2139\n ],\n [\n -114.2125,\n 35.2281\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
Director,
Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
The geology of northwestern Arizona is prominently displayed on the canyon and cliff walls that compose the high-desert landscape of the Hualapai Plateau and that border the Truxton basin. The Truxton basin is a small topographic basin filled with Quaternary and Tertiary deposits and volcanic rock (about 1,600 feet thick near Truxton, Arizona) that overlie Proterozoic crystalline metamorphic rocks in the west or Cambrian sedimentary rocks in the east. The Hualapai Plateau is a large block of Paleozoic-age sedimentary rocks that are dissected by many deep canyons. Most surface-water drainages in the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau are ephemeral and flow only in response to significant precipitation events, but a few drainages have perennial reaches that are supported by groundwater discharge from springs. Saturated basin-fill sediments in the Truxton basin compose the Truxton aquifer, which is currently used as a water supply for the community of Peach Springs, Arizona, and supplies a small number of livestock and domestic wells. Usable groundwater on the Hualapai Plateau is in either perched water-bearing zones close to land surface or in the Muav Limestone aquifer at depths of greater than 2,000 feet below land surface. To date, only two test wells have been drilled through the Muav Limestone on the Hualapai Plateau, and neither of those wells encountered water in the limestone, indicating the unit is not saturated in all areas of the plateau.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205017B","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Mason, J.P., Bills, D.J., and Macy, J.P., 2020, Geology and hydrology of the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau, northwestern Arizona, chap. B of Mason, J.P., ed., Geophysical surveys, hydrogeologic characterization, and groundwater flow model for the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau, northwestern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5017, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205017B.","productDescription":"iv, 9 p.","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-115098","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373640,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5017/b/sir20205017_chap_b.pdf","text":"Report","size":"21 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020-5017 Chapter B"},{"id":399685,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_109884.htm"},{"id":373501,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5017/b/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Hualapai Plateau, Truxton Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.2125,\n 35.2281\n ],\n [\n -113.0603,\n 35.2281\n ],\n [\n -113.0603,\n 36.2139\n ],\n [\n -114.2125,\n 36.2139\n ],\n [\n -114.2125,\n 35.2281\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
This is a summary chapter of a multichapter volume that includes a brief description of the study area and descriptions of the hydrogeologic framework, numerical groundwater-flow model, and estimates of simulated changes to groundwater levels of the Truxton aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205017A","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Mason J.P., Knight, J.E., Ball, L.B. Kennedy, J.R., Bills, D.J., and Macy, J.P., 2020, Groundwater availability in the Truxton basin, northwestern Arizona, chap. A of Mason, J.P., ed., Geophysical surveys, hydrogeologic characterization, and groundwater flow model for the Truxton basin and Hualapai Plateau, northwestern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5017, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205017A.","productDescription":"vi, 14 p.","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-106205","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399684,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_109883.htm"},{"id":373639,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5017/a/sir20205017_chap_a.pdf","text":"Report","size":"11.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":373500,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5017/a/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Truxton basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.0333,\n 35.3039\n ],\n [\n -113.1667,\n 35.3039\n ],\n [\n -113.1667,\n 36.1636\n ],\n [\n -114.0333,\n 36.1636\n ],\n [\n -114.0333,\n 35.3039\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
Radio‐telemetry is a commonly used scientific technique that allows researchers to collect detailed movement, habitat use, and survival data of animals; however, evidence indicates that using telemetry can affect behavior and survival. Using multiple breeding colonies and years, we investigated the effects of attached radio‐transmitters on growth and survival of Forster's tern (Sterna forsteri ) chicks in San Francisco Bay, California, USA, 2010–2011. We tested these potential effects at isolated islands that allowed for high re‐capture rates (typically >85%) in radio‐marked and banded‐only chicks. Modeled Gompertz growth curves suggested that transmitters had a small negative effect on some of the asymptotic growth parameters of tern chicks; tarsus (−1.5 ± 0.7% [SE]), culmen (−1.7 ± 1.2%), and wing (−4.9 ± 2.0%) lengths were shorter for radio‐marked chicks compared to banded‐only chicks. In contrast, there was no difference in asymptotic mass between radio‐marked chicks and banded‐only chicks. Survival from hatching to fledging was lower for radio‐marked chicks than banded‐only chicks during 2010 (banded‐only = 0.313 ± 0.162 vs. radio‐marked = 0.250 ± 0.165) and 2011 (0.193 ± 0.030 vs. 0.123 ± 0.027). Most of the transmitter effect occurred within the first week after hatching, rather than in older chicks. Notably, the effect of transmitters on chick survival was primarily additive, indicating that the effect of transmitters on radio‐marked chicks was not influenced by other ecological covariates. Given the effect radio‐transmitters had on survival did not change across temporal or ecological gradients, transmitters can still be used to evaluate ecological factors affecting survival and timing of mortality and radio‐marked birds can be used to make inferences to the general population.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21864","usgsCitation":"Herzog, M.P., Ackerman, J.T., Hartman, C.A., and Peterson, S.H., 2020, Transmitter effects on growth and survival of Forster’s tern chicks: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 84, no. 5, p. 891-901, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21864.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"891","endPage":"901","ipdsId":"IP-113026","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377393,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.13775634765625,\n 37.4113460970232\n ],\n [\n -121.92386627197266,\n 37.4113460970232\n ],\n [\n -121.92386627197266,\n 37.505368263398104\n ],\n [\n -122.13775634765625,\n 37.505368263398104\n ],\n [\n -122.13775634765625,\n 37.4113460970232\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herzog, Mark P. 0000-0002-5203-2835 mherzog@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5203-2835","contributorId":131158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"Mark","email":"mherzog@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":202848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hartman, C. Alex 0000-0002-7222-1633 chartman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-1633","contributorId":131157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"C.","email":"chartman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alex","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peterson, Sarah H. 0000-0003-2773-3901 sepeterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2773-3901","contributorId":167181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Sarah","email":"sepeterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70211857,"text":"70211857 - 2020 - A pan-African high-resolution drought index dataset","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-13T20:49:05.342953","indexId":"70211857","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-30T15:48:21","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1426,"text":"Earth System Science Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A pan-African high-resolution drought index dataset","docAbstract":"Droughts in Africa cause severe problems, such as crop failure, food shortages, famine, epidemics and even mass migration. To minimize the effects of drought on water and food security on Africa, a high-resolution drought dataset is essential to establish robust drought hazard probabilities and to assess drought vulnerability considering a multi- and cross-sectional perspective that includes crops, hydrological systems, rangeland and environmental systems. Such assessments are essential for policymakers, their advisors and other stakeholders to respond to the pressing humanitarian issues caused by these environmental hazards. In this study, a high spatial resolution Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) drought dataset is presented to support these assessments. We compute historical SPEI data based on Climate Hazards group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) precipitation estimates and Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) potential evaporation estimates. The high-resolution SPEI dataset (SPEI-HR) presented here spans from 1981 to 2016 (36 years) with 5 km spatial resolution over the whole of Africa. To facilitate the diagnosis of droughts of different durations, accumulation periods from 1 to 48 months are provided. The quality of the resulting dataset was compared with coarse-resolution SPEI based on Climatic Research Unit (CRU) Time Series (TS) datasets, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) calculated from the Global Inventory Monitoring and Modeling System (GIMMS) project and root zone soil moisture modelled by GLEAM. Agreement found between coarse-resolution SPEI from CRU TS (SPEI-CRU) and the developed SPEI-HR provides confidence in the estimation of temporal and spatial variability of droughts in Africa with SPEI-HR. In addition, agreement of SPEI-HR versus NDVI and root zone soil moisture – with an average correlation coefficient (R) of 0.54 and 0.77, respectively – further implies that SPEI-HR can provide valuable information for the study of drought-related processes and societal impacts at sub-basin and district scales in Africa. The dataset is archived in Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) via the following link: https://doi.org/10.5285/bbdfd09a04304158b366777eba0d2aeb (Peng et al., 2019a).
","language":"English","doi":"10.5194/essd-12-753-2020","usgsCitation":"Peng, J., Dawdson, S., Hirpa, F., Dyer, E., Vicento-Serrano, S., and Funk, C., 2020, A pan-African high-resolution drought index dataset: Earth System Science Data, v. 12, no. 1, p. 753-769, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-753-2020.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"753","endPage":"769","ipdsId":"IP-111573","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457233,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-753-2020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":398683,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Africa","volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peng, Jian","contributorId":223712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peng","given":"Jian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40756,"text":"Oxford","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dawdson, Simon","contributorId":223713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dawdson","given":"Simon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40757,"text":"Max Planck Institute for Meteorology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hirpa, Firaya","contributorId":223714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hirpa","given":"Firaya","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40758,"text":"Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dyer, Ellen","contributorId":223715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyer","given":"Ellen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27567,"text":"Ghent University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vicento-Serrano, Sergio","contributorId":223716,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vicento-Serrano","given":"Sergio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40759,"text":"Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPE-CSIC) Zaragoza, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Funk, Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":167070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Chris","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70228571,"text":"70228571 - 2020 - Efficacy and biases of cover object survey design for sampling eastern red-backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) at forest edge and interior locations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-14T21:42:14.684548","indexId":"70228571","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-30T15:30:55","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1894,"text":"Herpetological Conservation and Biology","onlineIssn":"2151-0733","printIssn":"1931-7603","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Efficacy and biases of cover object survey design for sampling eastern red-backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) at forest edge and interior locations","title":"Efficacy and biases of cover object survey design for sampling eastern red-backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) at forest edge and interior locations","docAbstract":"Terrestrial salamanders are adapted to moist, cool microenvironments that facilitate cutaneous respiration and decrease risk of desiccation. Warmer, drier microenvironments may induce habitat use changes by salamanders to alleviate stressful microenvironmental conditions. Changes in salamander habitat use may bias population metrics when sampling occurs in areas with different microenvironmental conditions. The objective of this study was to determine whether Plethodon cinereus (Eastern Red-backed Salamander) exhibit surface cover object refugia preferences or occupancy rate differences at sampling locations with different microenvironmental conditions and with respect to sampling day of year. We assessed P. cinereus occupancy rates and preference of surface cover refugia using artificial and natural cover objects in two sampling locations: forests along rights-of-way (EDGEFOR) and interior forests (INTFOR). Plethodon cinereus showed no preference for cover object type (coverboards, logs, and rocks) in either EDGEFOR or INTFOR sampling plots. Occupancy rates were greater under cover objects in INTFOR plots than EDGEFOR plots. Occupancy rates increased with increasing cover object width and decreased with day of year (spring-late summer) irrespective of cover object type or sampling location. Our study suggests that incorporating multiple cover object types into study designs will not incur bias resulting from preference of P. cinereus for cover objects.
","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Margenau, E.L., Wood, P.B., and Brown, D.A., 2020, Efficacy and biases of cover object survey design for sampling eastern red-backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) at forest edge and interior locations: Herpetological Conservation and Biology, v. 15, no. 2, p. 440-447.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"440","endPage":"447","ipdsId":"IP-117511","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395948,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Beury Mountain, Lewis Wetzel Wildlife Management 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A.","contributorId":276180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36400,"text":"US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70211208,"text":"70211208 - 2020 - Climate-induced expansions of invasive species in the Pacific Northwest, North America: A synthesis of observations and projections","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-17T18:29:21.992555","indexId":"70211208","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-30T13:23:24","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-induced expansions of invasive species in the Pacific Northwest, North America: A synthesis of observations and projections","docAbstract":"Climate change may facilitate the expansion of non-native invasive species (NIS) in aquatic and terrestrial systems. However, empirical evidence remains scarce and poorly synthesized at scales necessary for effective management. We conducted a literature synthesis to assess the state of research on the observed and predicted effects of climate change on a suite of 398 aquatic and terrestrial NIS now present in or a major threat to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems of the Pacific Northwest (PNW), USA and British Columbia. Surprisingly, very few studies (n = 15) have investigated the observed effects of climate change on the distribution, abundance, spread, or impact of the focal NIS, with only five studies focusing on terrestrial (n = 2) or aquatic (n = 3) species within the PNW. Only 93 studies predicted the future dynamics of the focal NIS somewhere in their non-native range using climate model projections, yielding 117 species-specific predictions. However, only 30 of those studies generated predictions that overlapped with the PNW, and only six focused specifically on the expansion or abundance of NIS (n = 11 species) entirely within the region. Although our understanding of how climate change may interact with biological invasions is notably lacking, some evidence suggests that climate-induced NIS expansions are already underway in the PNW, particularly in aquatic ecosystems, and will be exacerbated by future changes in temperature and precipitation regimes. Better information is urgently needed for managers to implement strategic prevention, early detection, and proactive actions that ameliorate ecologically and economically devastating impacts of NIS.
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