A method for determination of cobalt-60 in waters at levels greater than 0.5 pCi per sample is presented. A modification of the method may be used to analyze fluvial sediments and soils. After the cobalt has been separated, first as the hydroxide and then as the thiocyanate complex in methyl isobutyl ketone, it is counted in a liquid scintillation system at 80% efficiency. Separation factors achieved for six isotopes are generally greater than 2,000. The time for a single analysis, exclusive of the counting and evaporation operations, is about 2 h.
In the Autumn of 1968 the U.S. Geological Survey flew a detailed aerial magnetic survey of the southwesternmost part of the Blue Range primitive area between Lat 33°21'00\" and 33°29'00\" N. and Long 109°15'00\" and 109°22'30\" W. The survey was intended to define more precisely a positive magnetic anomaly that had been found from an earlier survey (Ratte and others, 1969, Pl. 1 and p. E30-31) by reducing the original flight elevation from 10,500 feet to 8,000 feet and the flight line spacing from 1 mile to 1/2 mile. The results of the more detailed survey are shown in the accompanying figure (fig. 1). The anomaly in question lies in the center of the map and has a peak value of 915 gammas and a closure of approximately 460 gammas. On the earlier map (Ratte and others, op. cit.) the closure is approximately 80 gammas.
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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fb1e4b07657d1a90cdb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heinitz, A.J.","contributorId":62610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinitz","given":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185946,"text":"70185946 - 1970 - Let's Sing 'Auld Lang Syne' for the Upper Brandywine: Or, to continue with Burns, how the best laid environmental schemes of men \"gang aft a-gley\" ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T15:04:50","indexId":"70185946","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2825,"text":"Natural History","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Let's Sing 'Auld Lang Syne' for the Upper Brandywine: Or, to continue with Burns, how the best laid environmental schemes of men \"gang aft a-gley\" ","docAbstract":"Perhaps the most lamentable mistake that one can make is to be right too soon. This was the story of the Brandywine Plan, an attempt to organize local people for the permanent protection of the environmental amenities of their own land.
The Upper East Branch of Brandywine Creek drains a rolling basin of farms, fields, woodlands, and a sprinkling of residential areas. Because it lies at the far edge of the commuting range to the population centers of Philadelphia and Wilmington, the basin's natural beauty has barely been touched by the blight of suburban sprawl. The waters of its streams are clear; its ample woodlands and fields are filled with wildlife. Driving slowly through the basin's winding roads and across its narrow bridges evokes the feeling of a pastoral painting, of the ideal landscape of rural eastern America.
For two years, I had the privilege of working closely with a group preparing a land plan for the Brandywine area. The plan was designed to offer the inhabitants of the basin a feasible way to preserve forever the natural qualities of their region from the inevitable wave of urbanization. A report in Science magazine called it the perfect plan that failed.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Museum of Natural History","usgsCitation":"Leopold, L.B., 1970, Let's Sing 'Auld Lang Syne' for the Upper Brandywine: Or, to continue with Burns, how the best laid environmental schemes of men \"gang aft a-gley\" : Natural History, v. 79, p. 5-15.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":338684,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc823e4b02ff32c685768","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leopold, Luna Bergere","contributorId":93884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leopold","given":"Luna","email":"","middleInitial":"Bergere","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010120,"text":"70010120 - 1970 - Geology: Physics of fragmental debris","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-27T18:59:23.779536","indexId":"70010120","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology: Physics of fragmental debris","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0019-1035(70)90072-2","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Shoemaker, E., and Morris, E.C., 1970, Geology: Physics of fragmental debris: Icarus, v. 12, no. 2, p. 188-212, https://doi.org/10.1016/0019-1035(70)90072-2.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"188","endPage":"212","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Moon","volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2758e4b0c8380cd597c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shoemaker, E.M.","contributorId":81499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoemaker","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morris, E. C.","contributorId":84381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014177,"text":"1014177 - 1970 - Immunization of fishes: A review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-04T15:41:02.891394","indexId":"1014177","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Immunization of fishes: A review","docAbstract":"Immune response in fishes, which are ectothermic animals, depends on temperature. The optimum response is at the optimum temperature for the species. It is, however, slower in coldwater fishes, such as salmonids, and faster in warmwater fishes.
Serum of fishes contains proteins very similar, but not identical, with those of mammals. Immune bodies are contained in gamma, beta, and alpha globulins. Gamma globulin is absent in some fishes. Fishes can be effectively immunized by injection of antigens, however, this is not a practical method. For this reason oral immunization has been attempted repeatedly but the effectiveness is variable.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-6.1.24","usgsCitation":"Snieszko, S.F., 1970, Immunization of fishes: A review: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 6, no. 1, p. 24-30, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-6.1.24.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"24","endPage":"30","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131631,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c5c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snieszko, S. F.","contributorId":13169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snieszko","given":"S.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70009960,"text":"70009960 - 1970 - Determination of niobium in rocks by an isotope dilution spectrophotometric method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-14T15:34:32.726048","indexId":"70009960","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":760,"text":"Analytica Chimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of niobium in rocks by an isotope dilution spectrophotometric method","docAbstract":"Rocks and minerals are fused with sodium peroxide in the presence of carrierfree 95Nb. The fusion cake is leached with water and the precipitate dissolved in hydrofluoric-sulfuric acid mixture. Niobium is extracted into methyl isobutyl ketone and further purified by ion exchange. The amount of niobium is determined spectrophotometrically with 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol, and the chemical yield of the separations determined by counting 95Nb. This procedure is faster and less sensitive to interferences than previously proposed methods for determining niobium in rocks. The high purity of the separated niobium makes the method applicable to nearly all matrices.
The angular standard deviation of virtual geomagnetic poles determined from a paleomagnetic study of 31 Brunhes-age lava flows from France has been obtained. The value, referred to the axial dipole (geographic axis), is 15.2° with 95% confidence limits of 18.4° and 12.9°. This value is not significantly different from that obtained in similar studies of lavas from other midlatitude localities (Western United States and New Zealand).
Cummingtonite from the Gouverneur, New York, talc district (Sample No. U.S.N.M. 115046) with the composition, (Ca0.36Na0.06Mn0.96Mg0.57) Mg5Si8O22 (OH)2, unit cell parametersa = 9.550 ± 0.001, b = 18.007 ± 0.003, c = 5.298 ± 0.001Å, β = 102°39′ ± 1′, and space groupP21/m, has been used in a high-temperature, single-crystal, X-ray diffraction study. When diffraction patterns are taken of the crystals heated in a sealed silica capillary to 45°C or higher, these reflections disappear, indicating a transition toC2/m symmetry. The transition appears to be analogous to theP21/ctoC2/c transition between 700° and 800°C discovered recently in (Mg0.30Fe0.70) SiO3 clinopyroxene.
In addition to the cummingtonite transition, we have also found a transition in pigeonite at higher temperatures. The transition occurs in this pigeonite (Gunflint Iron Formation, Minnesota, (Ca0.04Fe0.78Mg0.18)SiO3) at about 670°C. This is a significantly lower temperature than was found for the Ca-poor clinopyroxene.
Published geothermal gradient maps for the northern Gulf of Mexico basin indicate little or no potential for the development of geothermal resources. Results of deep drilling, from 4000 to 7000 meters or more, during the past decade however, define very sharp increases in geothermal gradient which are associated with the occurrence of abnormally high interstitial fluid pressure (geopressure). Bounded by regional growth faults along the landward margin of the Gulf Basin, the geopressured zone extends some 1300 km from the Rio Grande (at the boundary between the United States and Mexico) to the mouth of the Mississippi river. Gulfward, it extends to an unknown distance across the Continental Shelf.
Within geopressured deposits, geothermal gradients range upwards to 100 °C/km, being greatest within and immediately below the depth interval in which the maximum pressure gradient change occurs. The 120 °C isogeotherm ranges from about 2500 to 5000 m below sea level, and conforms in a general way with depth of occurrence of the top of the geopressured zone. Measured geostatic ratios range upward to 0.97; the maximum observed temperature is 273 °C, at a depth of 5859 m.
Dehydration of montmorillonite, which comprises 60 to 80 percent of clay deposited in the northern Gulf Basin during the Neogene, occurs at depths where temperature exceeds about 80 °C, and is generally complete at depths where temperature exceeds 120 °C. This process converts intracrystalline and bound water to free pore water, the volume produced being roughly equivalent to half the volume of montmorillonite so altered. Produced water is fresh, and has low viscosity and density. Sand-bed aquifers of deltaic, longshore, or marine origin form excellent avenues for drainage of geopressured deposits by wells, each of which may yield 10,000 m3 or more of superheated water per day from reservoirs having pressures up to 1000 bars at depths greater than 5000 m.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6505(70)90002-7","issn":"03756505","usgsCitation":"Jones, P., 1970, Geothermal resources of the northern gulf of Mexico basin: Geothermics, v. 2, no. Part 1, p. 14-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6505(70)90002-7.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"26","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218637,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.173828125,\n 25.997549919572112\n ],\n [\n -96.50390625,\n 25.958044673317843\n ],\n [\n -93.955078125,\n 29.305561325527698\n ],\n [\n -91.93359375,\n 28.65203063036226\n ],\n [\n -89.82421875,\n 28.806173508854776\n ],\n [\n -89.56054687499999,\n 30.221101852485987\n ],\n [\n -90.4833984375,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -94.21875,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -96.328125,\n 30.826780904779774\n ],\n [\n -99.00878906249999,\n 28.806173508854776\n ],\n [\n -99.140625,\n 27.254629577800063\n ],\n [\n -98.173828125,\n 25.997549919572112\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"Part 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a28d9e4b0c8380cd5a482","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, P.H.","contributorId":50963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010260,"text":"70010260 - 1970 - Some investigations of the deposition of travertine from Hot Springs-I. The isotopic chemistry of a travertine-depositing spring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-03T01:47:32.346007","indexId":"70010260","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Some investigations of the deposition of travertine from Hot Springs-I. The isotopic chemistry of a travertine-depositing spring","docAbstract":"The isotopic compositions of the travertine and of the hot spring solutions were studied at Main Springs and New Highland Terrace in the Mammoth Hot Springs area of Yellowstone Park. The springs issue at 74°C and a pH of 6.65 and the carbon isotopic composition of the travertine depositing at the orifice is +2%.δC13 (PDB). As the water travels out from the orifice, it cools and loses CO2. The travertine depositing at lower temperature is enriched in C13, reaching values of +4.8%. and the solution has a pH of 8.2 at 27°C. The δC13 of the carbon species in solution is about −2.3%. at 74° and about +4.3 at 27°C. Therefore, the difference in δC13 between the solid and solution is approximately 4%. at 74° and decreases to zero at about 20°C. These differences are shown to be due to kinetic (non-equilibrium) factors. The δO18 contents of the travertine and water show that in most samples the carbonate oxygen is in equilibrium with the water O18 at the temperatures of deposition. This is especially true for travertine depositing slowly and at temperatures above about 50°C. Calculations based on pH and alkalinity titrations of the hot spring waters in situ show that at the spring orifice the water is very high in free CO2, which is quickly lost in transit. The springs are supersaturated with respect to both aragonite and calcite during most of their travel in the open air.
The carbon isotopic composition of the travertine is similar to that in the marine carbonates that are adjacent to the springs and that are the probable source of the calcium carbonate.
The travertine from inactive prehistoric springs near Mammoth has similar δC13 and O18 to that from the active springs. Soda Butte, an inactive center 25 miles east of Mammoth, contains heavier carbon and oxygen than the springs near Mammoth.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(70)90043-8","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Friedman, I., 1970, Some investigations of the deposition of travertine from Hot Springs-I. The isotopic chemistry of a travertine-depositing spring: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 34, no. 12, p. 1303-1315, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(70)90043-8.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1303","endPage":"1315","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218636,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b92b5e4b08c986b31a089","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedman, I.","contributorId":95596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010239,"text":"70010239 - 1970 - Fugacity of H2O from 0° to 350°C at the liquid-vapor equilibrium and at 1 atmosphere","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-15T12:15:17","indexId":"70010239","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fugacity of H2O from 0° to 350°C at the liquid-vapor equilibrium and at 1 atmosphere","docAbstract":"The fugacity and fugacity coefficient of H2O at the liquid-vapor equilibrium, the fugacity and the Gibbs free energy of formation of H2O at 1 atm (1.01325 bars) total pressure have been calculated from published data on the physical and thermodynamic properties of H2O and are presented at ten-degree intervals from 0° to 350°C.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(70)90130-4","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Hass, J.L., 1970, Fugacity of H2O from 0° to 350°C at the liquid-vapor equilibrium and at 1 atmosphere: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 34, no. 8, p. 929-932, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(70)90130-4.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"929","endPage":"932","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219515,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a140de4b0c8380cd548a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hass, John L. Jr.","contributorId":93048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hass","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010137,"text":"70010137 - 1970 - Latitudinal gradients in tertiary molluscan faunas of the Pacific coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-04T01:19:14.581837","indexId":"70010137","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Latitudinal gradients in tertiary molluscan faunas of the Pacific coast","docAbstract":"Tertiary molluscan faunas of the middle latitudes of the marginal eastern North Pacific are characterized by warm-water taxa whose descendants now live in more southerly latitudes. A series of profiles in which cumulative percentages of warm-water faunal elements are plotted against latitude show progressive northward decreases in the percentage of these elements in the faunas of Pacific coast Tertiary stages. Systematic changes in the relative position of these latitudinal gradients during the Middle and Late Tertiary are related to climatic change in the Pacific Basin.
Widespread tropical marine climate in the middle latitudes of the eastern North Pacific during the Eocene is indicated by widespread faunal units characterized by high levels of taxonomic diversity. Succeeding Early Oligocene faunas are less diverse, suggesting cooler climatic conditions. Unusually low representations of warm-water genera characterize the molluscan faunas of the Acila shumardi Zone in central California (latitude 34°–37°N). The anomalously cool-water aspect of these faunas may record the occurrence of upwelling along a bold linear segment of the Pacific coast. During the Late Oligocene or the Early Miocene, they are replaced by faunas of unusually warm-water aspect resulting in positive anomalies in Miocene latitudinal faunal gradients in central California. The Miocene anomalies seem to result from the development of an irregular Neogene coastline with extensive, newly established shallow-water embayments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(70)90103-3","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Addicott, W., 1970, Latitudinal gradients in tertiary molluscan faunas of the Pacific coast: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 8, no. 4, p. 287-312, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(70)90103-3.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"287","endPage":"312","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4584e4b0c8380cd673af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Addicott, W.O.","contributorId":17609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Addicott","given":"W.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70009945,"text":"70009945 - 1970 - Strontium isotopes in Quaternary basalts of southeastern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T00:29:21.987729","indexId":"70009945","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strontium isotopes in Quaternary basalts of southeastern California","docAbstract":"Strontium isotopic variations (87Sr/86Sr of 0.7029 to 0.7052) in Quaternary basalts of southeastern California, USA, are not readily explained by assimilation of crustal material similar to that contained as xenoliths in the basalt. Isotopic differences between chrome diopside (0.7016) and olivine (0.7087) from a lherzolite xenolith suggest that the isotopic variations in the basalts may be inherited from the source regions or modified by the upper parts of the mantle that were traversed by the lavas.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.167.3917.398","usgsCitation":"Yochelson, E.L., 1970, North American Paleontological Convention: Science, v. 167, no. 3917, p. 398-400, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.167.3917.398.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"398","endPage":"400","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"167","issue":"3917","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a67e3e4b0c8380cd73509","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yochelson, E. L.","contributorId":50948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yochelson","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1014253,"text":"1014253 - 1970 - Whirling disease of trout and salmon caused by Myxosoma cerebralis in the United States of America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:32","indexId":"1014253","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3304,"text":"Rivista Italiana Di Piscicoltura e Ittiopatologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Whirling disease of trout and salmon caused by Myxosoma cerebralis in the United States of America","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rivista Italiana Di Piscicoltura e Ittiopatologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"214/FH","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, G.L., 1970, Whirling disease of trout and salmon caused by Myxosoma cerebralis in the United States of America: Rivista Italiana Di Piscicoltura e Ittiopatologia, v. 5, no. 2, p. 29-33.","productDescription":"p. 29-33","startPage":"29","endPage":"33","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131805,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e490e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, G. L.","contributorId":70713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70175666,"text":"70175666 - 1970 - Ground-water discharge from the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1969","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T15:42:16","indexId":"70175666","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5177,"text":"Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"23","title":"Ground-water discharge from the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1969","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Edwards Underground Water District","usgsCitation":"Puente, C., 1970, Ground-water discharge from the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1969: Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin 23, 7 p.","productDescription":"7 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326767,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58ad1e4b03bcb0104bbc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Puente, Celso","contributorId":36140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puente","given":"Celso","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70160903,"text":"70160903 - 1970 - Stress of anesthesia with M.S. 222 and Benzocaine in Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-04T16:08:55","indexId":"70160903","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2543,"text":"Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stress of anesthesia with M.S. 222 and Benzocaine in Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)","docAbstract":"Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) anesthetized with M.S. 222 for periods up to 12 min experience interrenal ascorbate depletion, uremia, and moderate hypercholesterolemia. Anesthesia with neutralized M.S. 222 (pH 7) or benzocaine prevented these changes and significantly reduced the variability in plasma glucose, cholesterol, and cortisol, indicating that the stress of anesthesia with M.S. 222 is due to the low pK of the sulfonic acid moiety.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f70-097","usgsCitation":"Wedemeyer, G., 1970, Stress of anesthesia with M.S. 222 and Benzocaine in Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri): Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, v. 27, no. 5, p. 909-914, https://doi.org/10.1139/f70-097.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"909","endPage":"914","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313258,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568ba5e3e4b0e7594ee776ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wedemeyer, Gary gwedemeyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":5504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wedemeyer","given":"Gary","email":"gwedemeyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":584207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70160908,"text":"70160908 - 1970 - Precipitating antibody against Aeromonas salmonicida in serums of inbred albino Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-04T16:19:55","indexId":"70160908","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2543,"text":"Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precipitating antibody against Aeromonas salmonicida in serums of inbred albino Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)","docAbstract":"Precipitins in albino rainbow trout serums were demonstrated by gel diffusion after a single parenteral exposure to the soluble antigens of Aeromonas salmonicida. The fraction of the serum containing antibody activity against the presented antigens was shown by immunoelectrophoresis to be in the nonmigrating region. This corresponded to the beta-2 fraction of rabbit serum. An antibody-containing component comparable with rabbit gamma globulin was not detected.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Reserach Press","doi":"10.1139/f70-164","usgsCitation":"Anderson, D.P., and Klontz, G.W., 1970, Precipitating antibody against Aeromonas salmonicida in serums of inbred albino Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri): Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, p. 1389-1393, https://doi.org/10.1139/f70-164.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1389","endPage":"1393","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313261,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568ba5dae4b0e7594ee776b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Douglas P.","contributorId":70696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":584216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klontz, George W.","contributorId":151065,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klontz","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":584217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1001474,"text":"1001474 - 1970 - Studies on the life history and development of Cuterebra polita (Diptera: Cuterebridae) in four species of rodents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-27T17:01:48.419121","indexId":"1001474","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2385,"text":"Journal of Medical Entomology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Studies on the life history and development of Cuterebra polita (Diptera: Cuterebridae) in four species of rodents","docAbstract":"Cuterebra polita Coquillett is a primary parasite of the pocket gopher. Thomomys talpoides. in the western United States. It also occurs secondarily in other wild rodents that come into close contact with pocket gophers.
Field studies disclosed pursuit, mating, and ovipositing at an aggregation site near Monte Cristo, Utah. Eggs were individually attached to fibrous roots suspended from the roof of shallow gopher burrows. This refinement of the host-parasite relationship has not previously been described for other North American cuterebrids.
In the laboratory, 3 gravid females produced 186–357 viable eggs; about 85% were induced to hatch or hatched spontaneously after 12 days. Dissection of 1 of the females revealed another 886 eggs, for a total of 1243.
Larvae were artificially introduced and developed in deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus). domestic mice (Mus musculus). hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus), and meadow voles (Microtus montanus). The domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) appeared refractory. The rate and success of development in the 4 rodent species was variable, but terminal larval development averaged about 22 days. Warbles appeared after 8 days in the rodents, and the majority of the cysts occurred in the posterior dorsal region.
On the basis of larval characteristics, C. polita and C. thomomuris appear to be independent, valid species, though they share a common host.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jmedent/7.3.320","usgsCitation":"Capelle, K., 1970, Studies on the life history and development of Cuterebra polita (Diptera: Cuterebridae) in four species of rodents: Journal of Medical Entomology, v. 7, no. 3, p. 320-327, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/7.3.320.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"320","endPage":"327","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133717,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.06103515625,\n 40.17047886718109\n ],\n [\n -109.58587646484375,\n 40.17047886718109\n ],\n [\n -109.58587646484375,\n 40.59935608796518\n ],\n [\n -110.06103515625,\n 40.59935608796518\n ],\n [\n -110.06103515625,\n 40.17047886718109\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1970-05-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699dde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Capelle, K.J.","contributorId":19896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capelle","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000408,"text":"1000408 - 1970 - Effects of alewife predation on zooplankton populations in Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-14T13:51:53","indexId":"1000408","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of alewife predation on zooplankton populations in Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"The zooplankton populations in southeastern Lake Michigan underwent striking, size-related changes between 1954 and 1966. Forms that decline sharply were the largest cladocerans (Leptodora kindtii, Daphnia galeata, and D. retrocurva), the largest calanoid copepods (Limnocalanus macrurus, Epischura lacustris, and Diaptomus sicilis), and the largest cyclopoid copepod (Mesocyclops edax). Two of these, D. galeata and M. edax (both abundant in 1954), became extremely rare. Certain medium-sized or small species increased in numbers: Daphnia longiremis, Holopedium gibberum, Polyphemus pediculus, Bosmina longirostris, Bosmina coregoni, Ceriodaphnia sp., Cyclops bicuspidatus, Cyclops vernalis, and Diaptomus ashlandi. Evidence is strong that the changes were due to selective predation by alewives. The alewife was uncommon in southeastern Lake Michigan in 1954 but had increased to enormous proportions by 1966; there was a massive dieoff in spring 1967, and abundance remained relatively low in 1968. The composition of zooplankton populations in 1968 generally had shifted back toward that of 1954, although D. galeata and M. edax remained rare. The average size, and size at onset of maturity, of D. retrocurva decreased noticeably between 1954 and 1966 but increased between 1966 and 1968.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.4319/lo.1970.15.4.0556","usgsCitation":"Wells, L., 1970, Effects of alewife predation on zooplankton populations in Lake Michigan: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 15, no. 4, p. 556-565, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1970.15.4.0556.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"556","endPage":"565","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480290,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1970.15.4.0556","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":132983,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db684761","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, LaRue","contributorId":75476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"LaRue","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70009943,"text":"70009943 - 1970 - Geology: Fragmental debris","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-28T18:40:08.546487","indexId":"70009943","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology: Fragmental debris","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0019-1035(70)90071-0","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Morris, E.C., and Shoemaker, E., 1970, Geology: Fragmental debris: Icarus, v. 12, no. 2, p. 173-187, https://doi.org/10.1016/0019-1035(70)90071-0.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"187","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Moon","volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2757e4b0c8380cd597c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morris, E. C.","contributorId":84381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shoemaker, E.M.","contributorId":81499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoemaker","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010189,"text":"70010189 - 1970 - The diffusion of ions in unconsolidated sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T00:39:31.436351","indexId":"70010189","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The diffusion of ions in unconsolidated sediments","docAbstract":"Diffusion in unconsolidated sediments generally proceeds at rates ranging from half to one twentieth of those applying to diffusion of ions and molecules in free solution. Diffusion rates are predictable with respect to porosity and path tortuosity in host sediments, and can be conveniently measured by determinations of electrical resistivity on bulk sediment samples. Net ion flux is further influenced by reactions of diffusing species with enclosing sediments, but such influences should not be confused with or lumped with diffusion processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(70)90123-8","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Manheim, F., 1970, The diffusion of ions in unconsolidated sediments: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 9, no. 4, p. 307-309, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(70)90123-8.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"309","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218782,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baab8e4b08c986b322973","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manheim, F.T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":55421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"F.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70009942,"text":"70009942 - 1970 - Geology: Craters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-28T18:42:17.130469","indexId":"70009942","displayToPublicDate":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology: Craters","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0019-1035(70)90070-9","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Morris, E.C., and Shoemaker, E., 1970, Geology: Craters: Icarus, v. 12, no. 2, p. 167-172, https://doi.org/10.1016/0019-1035(70)90070-9.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"167","endPage":"172","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219118,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Moon","volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2757e4b0c8380cd597bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morris, E. C.","contributorId":84381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shoemaker, E.M.","contributorId":81499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoemaker","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}