To better understand the streamflow trends at the streamgages in the Elkhorn River Basin in Nebraska, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Lower Elkhorn Natural Resources District further investigated streamflow trends at the eight streamgages on the Elkhorn River, Salt Creek, and the Lower Platte River that indicated a positive trend in streamflow characteristics and analyzed precipitation trends in the four basins upstream from the Elkhorn River Basin streamgages. An analysis of four streamgages in the Elkhorn River Basin, one streamgage in Salt Creek Basin, and three streamgages in the Lower Platte River Basin that had previously indicated trends in selected annual mean streamflow, annual low flows, fall low flows, and growing season monthly mean streamflows metrics were analyzed for the period from 1961 to 2011. A streamgage in the Upper Elkhorn River Basin (Elkhorn River at Neligh, Nebraska [USGS station 06798500; maintained by USGS from water years 1930 to 1993, maintained by Nebraska Department of Natural Resources from water years 1994 to 2019]) had significant positive trends in annual mean streamflow and insignificant trends for other streamflow metrics whereas the lower three sites (Logan Creek near Uehling, Nebr. [USGS station 06799500]; Maple Creek at Nickerson, Nebr. [USGS station 06800000]; and Elkhorn River at Waterloo, Nebr. [USGS station 06800500]) had significant positive trends for annual mean streamflow, for all durations of the annual low-flow periods (1-day, 2-day, 3-day, 7-day, 14-day, 30-day, 60-day, 90-day, and 183-day periods), for all durations of the low-flow periods in October–November (1-day, 2-day, 3-day, 7-day, 14-day, 30-day, and 60-day periods), and for monthly mean streamflow for July, August, and September. Upstream from the confluence of the Elkhorn River and the Platte River, the Platte River at North Bend, Nebr. (USGS station 06796000), streamgage indicated insignificant trends for most streamflow metrics. A streamgage in the Salt Creek Basin (Salt Creek at Greenwood, Nebr. [USGS station 06803555]) also indicated positive trends in some low-flows metrics. Streamflow at the Platte River at Louisville, Nebr. (USGS station 06805500), streamgage, downstream from the Salt Creek and Elkhorn River inflows, indicated significant positive trends in most annual and all October–November low flows and August mean streamflow but insignificant trends in annual mean streamflow and June, July, and September monthly mean streamflows. Streamflow records for the Platte River near Duncan, Nebr. (USGS station 06774000), streamgage only indicated a significant trend in the August mean streamflow; no other metrics had significant trends at the streamgage.
The trend analyses are sensitive to the period that is analyzed for trends. Sites with the most significant trends for low-flow metrics for the period 1961–2011 have fewer significant trends for low-flow metrics for the period after 1980–2011.
The results indicate that positive trends in low flows at the Salt Creek and Elkhorn River streamgages may be contributing to positive trends in low flows for the Platte River at Louisville, Nebr., streamgage. Likewise, streamflow in the Salt Creek and Elkhorn River Basins may be contributing to the positive trend in August mean streamflow for the Platte River at Louisville, Nebr., streamgage, three lower Elkhorn River streamgages, and the Salt Creek streamgage.
Precipitation was also examined as a primary cause for streamflow trends in the Elkhorn River Basin. For the four streamgages in the Elkhorn River Basin, relations between precipitation and streamflow were examined on an annual and monthly basis using linear regression. In general, the goodness of fit for the linear relations was poor with coefficient of determination values of less than or equal to 0.10 for four of the eight relations. Only one significant increase in annual precipitation upstream from the four streamgages and the frequent detection of significant increases in streamflow after removing the effect of precipitation indicate that other factors besides precipitation may have played a role in the significant positive trends in low-flow periods in the lower Elkhorn River and its tributaries.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205016","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Lower Elkhorn Natural Resources District","usgsCitation":"Dietsch, B.J., and Strauch, K.R., 2020, Trends in streamflow and precipitation for selected sites in the Elkhorn River Basin and in streamflow in the Salt Creek and Platte River Basins, Nebraska, 1961–2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5016, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205016.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-102970","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373469,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5016/sir20205016.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.36 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020–5016"},{"id":373468,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5016/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":399636,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_109799.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Elkhorn River Basin, Salt Creek Basin, Platte River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.7283,\n 40.9667\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 40.9667\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 42.7\n ],\n [\n -99.7283,\n 42.7\n ],\n [\n -99.7283,\n 40.9667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Nebraska Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5231 South 19th Street
Lincoln, NE 68512
The key to Merlin (Falco columbarius) management is maintaining an interspersion of groves of deciduous or coniferous trees for nesting and open grasslands for hunting. Merlins do not build their own nests but rather use former nests of other bird species, including those of corvids (crows, ravens, and magpies) and accipitrids (hawks). In recent decades, Merlins have established breeding populations in urban and residential areas in the northern Great Plains.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1842R","usgsCitation":"Konrad, P.M., Shaffer, J.A., and Igl, L.D., 2020, The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Merlin (Falco columbarius), chap. R of Johnson, D.H., Igl, L.D., Shaffer, J.A., and DeLong, J.P., eds., The effects of management practices on grassland birds: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1842, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1842R.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-093874","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373441,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/r/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":373442,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/r/pp1842r.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.23 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1842–R"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","contact":"Director, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8711 37th Street Southeast
Jamestown, ND 58401
Keys to Sprague’s Pipit (Anthus spragueii) management include providing suitable grassland habitat, especially native prairie, with intermediate vegetation height and low visual obstruction, and controlling succession therein. Sprague’s Pipits have been reported to use habitats with no more than 49 centimeters (cm) average vegetation height, 4–14 cm visual obstruction reading, 15–53 percent grass cover, less than (<) 21 percent forb cover, <18 percent shrub cover, <44 percent bare ground, 10–63 percent litter cover, and less than or equal to 11 cm litter depth.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1842W","usgsCitation":"Shaffer, J.A., Igl, L.D., Johnson, D.H., Sondreal, M.L., Goldade, C.M., Nenneman, M.P., Wooten, T.L., Thiele, J.P.,and Euliss, B.R., 2020, The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Sprague’s Pipit (Anthus spragueii), chap. W of Johnson, D.H., Igl, L.D., Shaffer, J.A., and DeLong, J.P., eds., The effects of management practices on grassland birds: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1842, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1842W.","productDescription":"v, 21 p.","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-096448","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373440,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/w/pp1842w.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.10 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1842–W"},{"id":373439,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1842/w/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States, Canada","contact":"Director, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8711 37th Street Southeast
Jamestown, ND 58401
Numerous studies have documented the linkages between agricultural nitrogen loads and surface water degradation. In contrast, potential water quality improvements due to agricultural best management practices are difficult to detect because of the confounding effect of background nitrate removal rates, as well as the groundwater-driven delay between land surface action and stream response. To characterize background controls on nitrate removal in two agricultural catchments, we calibrated groundwater travel time distributions with subsurface environmental tracer data to quantify the lag time between historic agricultural inputs and measured baseflow nitrate. We then estimated spatially distributed loading to the water table from nitrate measurements at monitoring wells, using machine learning techniques to extrapolate the loading to unmonitored portions of the catchment to subsequently estimate catchment removal controls. Multiple models agree that in-stream processes remove as much as 75% of incoming loads for one subcatchment while removing <20% of incoming loads for the other. The use of a spatially variable loading field did not result in meaningfully different optimized parameter estimates or model performance when compared with spatially constant loading derived directly from a county-scale agricultural nitrogen budget. Although previous studies using individual well measurements have shown that subsurface denitrification due to contact with a reducing argillaceous confining unit plays an important role in nitrate removal, the catchment-scale contribution of this process is difficult to quantify given the available data. Nonetheless, the study provides a baseline characterization of nitrate transport timescales and removal mechanisms that will support future efforts to detect water quality benefits from ongoing best management practice implementation.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20049","usgsCitation":"Zell, W.O., Culver, T., Sanford, W.E., and Goodall, J.L., 2020, Quantifying background nitrate removal mechanisms in an agricultural watershed with contrasting subcatchment baseflow concentrations: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 49, no. 2, p. 392-403, https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20049.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"392","endPage":"403","ipdsId":"IP-110824","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437051,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9VWY11M","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW-2005 and MODPATH6 models used to simulate groundwater flow and nitrate transport in two tributaries to the Upper Chester River, Maryland"},{"id":430521,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Upper Chester study area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76,\n 39.333\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 39.25\n ],\n [\n -75.916667,\n 39.25\n ],\n [\n -75.916667,\n 39.333\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 39.333\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zell, Wesley O. 0000-0002-8782-6627","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8782-6627","contributorId":339721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zell","given":"Wesley","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":904929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Culver, Teresa B","contributorId":339722,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Culver","given":"Teresa B","affiliations":[{"id":25492,"text":"University of Virginia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":904930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sanford, Ward E. 0000-0002-6624-0280 wsanford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":2268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"Ward","email":"wsanford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":904931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goodall, Jonathan L","contributorId":339724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goodall","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":25492,"text":"University of Virginia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":904932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70209617,"text":"70209617 - 2020 - Well predictive performance of play-wide and Subarea Random Forest models for Bakken productivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-06T19:34:08.003257","indexId":"70209617","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-25T08:07:07","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2419,"text":"Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Well predictive performance of play-wide and Subarea Random Forest models for Bakken productivity","docAbstract":"In recent years, geologists and petroleum engineers have struggled to clearly identify the mechanisms that drive productivity in horizontal, hydraulically-fractured oil wells producing from the middle member of the Bakken formation. This paper fills a gap in the literature by showing how this play’s heterogeneity affects factors that drive well productivity. It is important because understanding the relative strength of productivity drivers and how predictors vary spatially facilitates best-practices for well site selection and well completion design. The paper describes an application of the Random Forest (RF) machine learning technique to identify these mechanisms and to evaluate their importance across 9 subareas of the North Dakota portion of the Bakken play. The study examined productivity of 7311 wells initiating production from 2010 through 2017. Well productivity varied considerably across the 9 subareas within the play, so it was not surprising that the dominant predictors, the initial 180-day water cut and the 30-day initial gas production, vary spatially to mirror local conditions that strongly affect well productivity. The relative importance of well completion predictor variables, that is, the numbers of fractures stages per well, volume of injected proppant per stage, volume of injected fluids per stage, and lateral length, varied considerably across the subareas. Statistical permutation tests are presented that generally confirm the importance rankings. Subarea Random Forest models explained from 50 percent to 82 percent of the variation in productivity test samples while the play-wide model explained 73 percent of the test sample well productivity. Weakness in the predictive ability of the Random Forest models are traced to the limited variability in the training data. Implications of the empirical findings regarding the Bakken play for operators and for research and government institutions are discussed in the concluding section.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107150","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E., Freeman, P., and Coburn, T., 2020, Well predictive performance of play-wide and Subarea Random Forest models for Bakken productivity: Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, v. 191, 107150, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107150.","productDescription":"107150, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-109805","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457284,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107150","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":374051,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.80859375,\n 47.931066347509784\n ],\n [\n -107.2705078125,\n 46.5286346952717\n ],\n [\n -103.5791015625,\n 45.02695045318546\n ],\n [\n -101.689453125,\n 45.30580259943578\n ],\n [\n -99.84374999999999,\n 46.89023157359399\n ],\n [\n -98.701171875,\n 48.951366470947725\n ],\n [\n -108.10546875,\n 48.951366470947725\n ],\n [\n -109.072265625,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -108.80859375,\n 47.931066347509784\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"191","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, Emil D. 0000-0001-6845-7160 attanasi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":198728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"Emil D.","email":"attanasi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Freeman, Philip A. 0000-0002-0863-7431","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0863-7431","contributorId":224150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Philip A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coburn, Tim","contributorId":224151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coburn","given":"Tim","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38022,"text":"University of Tulsa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70209556,"text":"70209556 - 2020 - Sequential biodegradation of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene at oxic-anoxic groundwater interfaces in model laboratory columns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-06T19:17:57.204399","indexId":"70209556","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-25T07:32:21","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sequential biodegradation of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene at oxic-anoxic groundwater interfaces in model laboratory columns","docAbstract":"Halogenated organic solvents such as chlorobenzenes (CBs) are frequent groundwater contaminants due to legacy spills. When contaminated anaerobic groundwater discharges into surface water through wetlands and other transition zones, aeration can occur from various physical and biological processes at shallow depths, resulting in oxic-anoxic interfaces (OAIs). This study investigated the potential for 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-TCB) biodegradation at OAIs. A novel upflow column system was developed to create stable anaerobic and aerobic zones, simulating a natural groundwater OAI. Two columns containing (1) sand and (2) a mixture of wetland sediment and sand were operated continuously for 295 days with varied doses of 0.14-1.4 mM sodium lactate (NaLac) as a model electron donor. Both column matrices supported anaerobic reductive dechlorination and aerobic degradation of 1,2,4-TCB spatially separated between anaerobic and aerobic zones. Reductive dechlorination produced a mixture of di- and monochlorobenzene daughter products, with estimated zero-order dechlorination rates up to 31.3 µM/hr. Aerobic CB degradation, limited by available dissolved oxygen, occurred for 1,2,4-TCB and all dechlorinated daughter products. Initial reductive dechlorination did not enhance the overall observed extent or rate of subsequent aerobic CB degradation. Increasing NaLac dose increased the extent of reductive dechlorination, but suppressed aerobic CB degradation at 1.4 mM NaLac due to increased oxygen demand. 16S-rRNA sequencing of biofilm microbial communities revealed strong stratification of functional anaerobic and aerobic organisms between redox zones including the sole putative reductive dechlorinator detected in the columns, Dehalobacter. The sediment mixture column supported enhanced reductive dechlorination compared to the sand column at all tested NaLac doses and growth of Dehalobacter populations up to 4.1×108 copies/g (51% relative abundance), highlighting the potential benefit of sediments in reductive dechlorination processes. Results from these model systems suggest both substantial anaerobic and aerobic CB degradation can co-occur along the OAI at contaminated sites where bioavailable electron donors and oxygen are both present.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2020.103639","usgsCitation":"Chow, S.J., Lorah, M.M., Wadhawan, A.R., Durant, N.D., and Bouwer, E.J., 2020, Sequential biodegradation of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene at oxic-anoxic groundwater interfaces in model laboratory columns: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 231, 103639, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2020.103639.","productDescription":"103639, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-111522","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457286,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7217665","text":"External Repository"},{"id":373945,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"231","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chow, Steven J.","contributorId":224063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chow","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":786947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorah, Michelle M. 0000-0002-9236-587X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9236-587X","contributorId":224040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorah","given":"Michelle","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":786843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wadhawan, Amar R.","contributorId":224041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wadhawan","given":"Amar","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":40822,"text":"Arcadis U.S. Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Durant, Neal D.","contributorId":224042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Durant","given":"Neal","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36571,"text":"Geosyntec Consultants","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bouwer, Edward J.","contributorId":224043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bouwer","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36717,"text":"Johns Hopkins University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":786846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70209126,"text":"ofr20201025 - 2020 - Juvenile Lost River and shortnose sucker year-class formation, survival, and growth in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon and Clear Lake Reservoir, California—2017 Monitoring Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-25T11:48:27","indexId":"ofr20201025","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-24T16:15:59","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-1025","displayTitle":"Juvenile Lost River and Shortnose Sucker Year-Class Formation, Survival, and Growth in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon and Clear Lake Reservoir, California—2017 Monitoring Report","title":"Juvenile Lost River and shortnose sucker year-class formation, survival, and growth in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon and Clear Lake Reservoir, California—2017 Monitoring Report","docAbstract":"Populations of federally endangered Lost River (Deltistes luxatus) and shortnose suckers (Chasmistes brevirostris) in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, and Clear Lake Reservoir (hereinafter referred to as Clear Lake; fig. 1), California, are experiencing long-term declines in abundance. Upper Klamath Lake populations are decreasing because juvenile suckers are not surviving and recruiting into the adult population. Most juvenile sucker mortality occurs within the first year of life in Upper Klamath Lake. Annual production of juvenile suckers in Clear Lake appear to be highly variable and may not occur at all in very dry years. However, juvenile sucker survival is much higher in Clear Lake, with some suckers surviving to join spawning aggregations. Long-term monitoring of juvenile sucker populations is needed to 1) determine if there are annual and species-specific differences in production, survival, and growth; 2) better understand when juvenile sucker mortality is greatest; 3) help identify potential causes of high juvenile sucker mortality particularly in Upper Klamath Lake; and 4) monitor for successful juvenile survival in Upper Klamath Lake.
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a summer juvenile sucker monitoring program in 2015 to track cohorts over time in Upper Klamath and Clear Lakes. The juvenile sucker monitoring program involved using trap net data at fixed sites to determine the status of juvenile suckers. Annual variability in apparent age-0 sucker production, juvenile sucker survival, and growth were tracked. Using genetic markers, suckers were classified as one of three taxa; shortnose (combinations of shortnose and Klamath largescale suckers), Lost River, or suckers with genetic markers of both species (Intermediate [Prob]). By using catch data, we generated taxa-specific indices of year-class strength, August–September apparent survival, and overwinter apparent survival. We also examined the prevalence and severity of afflictions such as parasites, wounds, and deformities.
The Upper Klamath Lake year-class strength indices for both Lost River and shortnose suckers were slightly lower in 2015 and 2017 than in 2016. The ratios of age-0 Lost River suckers to age-0 shortnose suckers captured in August in Upper Klamath Lake were low in 2015 and 2017, given that adult Lost River suckers are more abundant and more fecund than adult shortnose suckers. This may indicate lower egg, larval, or juvenile survival or poorer spawning success for Lost River suckers than shortnose suckers in these two years. Apparent relative age-0 survival indices for Lost River suckers from August to September in Upper Klamath Lake were greater in 2015 (0.29) than in 2016 (0.16) or 2017 (0.14). Age-0 shortnose sucker catch rates increased between August and September in 2015, possibly indicating new individuals of this species were still recruiting to the lake between the two sampling periods. August to September relative survival indices for Upper Klamath Lake shortnose suckers were 0.35 in 2016 and 0.00 in 2017.
We predicted year-class strength would be greater in Clear Lake in years when high spring-time lake elevations and instream flow allowed adult suckers access to spawning habitat in the Willow Creek drainage. Instream flows and lake elevations were sufficient to allow adult suckers to access Willow Creek during the 2016 and 2017 spawning seasons, and age-0 suckers were detected in Clear Lake both years. Higher lake surface elevations and instream flows in 2017 than in 2016 were not associated with higher year-class strength indices in 2017 than in 2016. Low lake surface elevations appeared to limit access by adults to Willow Creek during the 2014 and 2015 spawning seasons and age-0 suckers were not detected in Clear Lake during these years. Nineteen shortnose suckers from the 2014 cohort were captured in Clear Lake in 2017. A 2015 cohort of shortnose suckers was captured as age-1 in 2016 and as age-2 in 2017. The most likely explanation for increasing catch rates of the 2015 cohort is that the higher Willow Creek flows in 2016 and 2017 facilitated the movement of stream-resident suckers, spawned in 2014 and 2015 downstream into Clear Lake. Due to uncertainty in the genetic identification of non-Lost River suckers, these fish are equally likely to be Klamath largescale or shortnose suckers (Hoy and Ostberg, 2015).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201025","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Bart, R.J., Burdick, S.M., Hoy, M.S., and Ostberg, C.O., 2020, Juvenile Lost River and shortnose sucker year-class formation, survival, and growth in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon and Clear Lake Reservoir, California—2017 Monitoring Report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1025, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201025.","productDescription":"v, 36 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-112875","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373492,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1025/ofr20201025.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020-1025"},{"id":373491,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1025/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Clear Lake Reservoir, Upper Klamath Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.77197265625,\n 40.763901280945866\n ],\n [\n -121.22314453124999,\n 40.763901280945866\n ],\n [\n -121.22314453124999,\n 43.08493742707592\n ],\n [\n -123.77197265625,\n 43.08493742707592\n ],\n [\n -123.77197265625,\n 40.763901280945866\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115-5016
Recent work on cores and outcrops of the Middle-Upper Triassic Shublik Formation has facilitated surface to subsurface correlation of depositional sequences across the Alaska North Slope. Five transgressive-regressive depositional sequences have been defined within three large-scale stratigraphic units. Outcrop spectral gamma-ray (GR) profiles were used to correlate observed stacking patterns with nearby exploration wells, and GR logs from 161 exploration wells were used to correlate the three large-scale stratigraphic units across the North Slope and nearby offshore. Interpretations of depositional facies and sequence stratigraphy in cores from 26 wells were used to corroborate regional correlations. Isochore maps constructed for each of the three stratigraphic units illustrate the influence of accommodation on depositional patterns and suggest reactivation of several older tectonic elements during Shublik deposition. An isochore map of the richest, oil-prone interval of the Shublik Formation reveals a thick pod south of Harrison Bay, the eastern part of which lies beneath a recent giant Shublik-sourced oil discovery in the Cretaceous Nanushuk Formation. In addition, when integrated with thermal maturity, this isochore map may provide leads for areas that are optimal for unconventional resource exploration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists, American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1190/INT-2019-0195.1","usgsCitation":"Rouse, W.A., Whidden, K.J., Dumoulin, J.A., and Houseknecht, D.W., 2020, Surface to subsurface correlation of the Middle-Upper Triassic Shublik Formation within a revised sequence stratigraphic framework: Interpretation, v. 8, no. 2, p. SJ1-SJ16, https://doi.org/10.1190/INT-2019-0195.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"SJ1","endPage":"SJ16","ipdsId":"IP-111994","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377207,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -159.5654296875,\n 66.96447630005638\n ],\n [\n -140.9765625,\n 66.96447630005638\n ],\n [\n -140.9765625,\n 71.31487666166718\n ],\n [\n -159.5654296875,\n 71.31487666166718\n ],\n [\n -159.5654296875,\n 66.96447630005638\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rouse, William A. 0000-0002-0790-370X wrouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0790-370X","contributorId":4172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rouse","given":"William","email":"wrouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whidden, Katherine J. 0000-0002-7841-2553 kwhidden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7841-2553","contributorId":3960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whidden","given":"Katherine","email":"kwhidden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Houseknecht, David W. 0000-0002-9633-6910 dhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"David","email":"dhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70209136,"text":"sim3394 - 2020 - Geologic map of the Bonanza caldera area, northeastern San Juan Mountains, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-23T13:34:06","indexId":"sim3394","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-23T11:33:56","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3394","displayTitle":"Geologic Map of the Bonanza Caldera Area, Northeastern San Juan Mountains, Colorado","title":"Geologic map of the Bonanza caldera area, northeastern San Juan Mountains, Colorado","docAbstract":"The San Juan Mountains in southwestern Colorado have long been known as a site of exceptionally voluminous mid-Tertiary volcanism, including at least 22 major ignimbrite sheets (each 150–5,000 km³) and associated caldera structures active at 34–23 Ma. Recent volcanologic and petrologic studies in the San Juan region have focused mainly on several ignimbrite-caldera systems: the southeastern area (Platoro complex), western calderas (Uncompahgre-Silverton-Lake City), and the central cluster (La Garita-Creede calderas).
Far less studied has been the northeastern San Juan region, which occupies a transition between earlier volcanism in central Colorado and large-volume younger ignimbrite-caldera foci farther south and west. This map is based on new field coverage of volcanic rocks in thirteen 7.5' quadrangles in northeastern parts of the volcanic field, high-resolution age determinations for 130 sites, and petrologic studies involving several hundred new chemical analyses. This mapping and the accompanying lab results (1) document volcanic evolution of the deeply eroded Bonanza caldera that exposes unique features not previously described from ignimbrite calderas elsewhere, as well as the previously unstudied Marshall Pass caldera; (2) provide unique cross-sectional exposures of the steeply resurgent Bonanza caldera, from volcanic floor and underlying basement rocks through a complete 3.5-km-thick section of intracaldera ignimbrite and overlying compositionally diverse caldera-filling lavas; (3) document timing of caldera collapse concurrently with eruption of about 1,000 km3 of ignimbrite that oscillated in composition from mafic dacite to rhyolite; (4) quantify the regional time-space-volume progression from the earlier Sawatch magmatic trend southward into the San Juan region; and (5) permit more rigorous comparison between the broad mid-Tertiary magmatic belt in the western U.S. Cordillera and the type continental-margin arc volcanism of the central Andes in South America.
Volcano Science Center - Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 910
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Tiger beetles inhabiting sandy beaches and cliffs along the east coast of the United States are facing increasing habitat loss due to erosion, urbanization, and sea level rise. The northeastern beach tiger beetle Cicindela dorsalis dorsalis and Puritan tiger beetle Cicindela puritana are both listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, while the white beach tiger beetle Cicindela dorsalis media is not listed but has been declining. Extirpation of these beetles, in some cases from entire states, has isolated many populations reducing gene flow and elevating the risk for the loss of genetic variation. To facilitate investigations of population genetic structure, we developed suites of microsatellite loci for conservation genetic studies.
Shotgun genomic sequencing of all species identified thousands of candidate microsatellite loci, among which 17 loci were optimized and verified to cross-amplify within C. d. media and C. d. dorsalis, and eight separate loci were optimized for C. puritana. Most loci conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, showed no evidence of linkage disequilibrium or null alleles, and revealed population genetic characteristics informative for natural resource managers among the populations tested.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1186/s13104-020-04985-8","usgsCitation":"Aunins, A.W., Eackles, M.S., Kazyak, D., Drummond, M., and King, T.L., 2020, Development of microsatellite markers for three at risk tiger beetles Cicindela dorsalis dorsalis, C. d. media, and C. puritana: BMC Research Notes, v. 13, no. 1, 171, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-020-04985-8.","productDescription":"171, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-111048","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-020-04985-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-03-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aunins, Aaron W. 0000-0001-5240-1453 aaunins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-1453","contributorId":5863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aunins","given":"Aaron","email":"aaunins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eackles, Michael S. 0000-0001-5624-5769 meackles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5624-5769","contributorId":218936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eackles","given":"Michael","email":"meackles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kazyak, David C. 0000-0001-9860-4045","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9860-4045","contributorId":202481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kazyak","given":"David C.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drummond, Michael","contributorId":236902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drummond","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"King, Tim L. tlking@usgs.gov","contributorId":3520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Tim","email":"tlking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70210106,"text":"70210106 - 2020 - Spatial distribution of heavy metals in the West Dongting Lake floodplain, China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-04T17:16:23.814187","indexId":"70210106","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-23T09:57:24","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1566,"text":"Environmental Science: Processes and Impacts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial distribution of heavy metals in the West Dongting Lake floodplain, China","docAbstract":"The protection of Dongting Lake is important because it is an overwintering and migration route for many rare and endangered birds of East Asia and Australasia, but an assessment of heavy metal contamination in West Dongting Lake is lacking. A total of 75 sediment samples (five sites x three sediment depths x five repeats) were collected in West Dongting Lake in January 2017 to assess the spatial distribution and ecological risk of heavy metal in West Dongting Lake. Heavy metal values varied by sediment depth including As, Cd, Zn, and Cu, with depth giving an indication of recent vs. historical deposition. The major input of Hg, Cu, Ni may come from continued anthropogenic activities related to regional industrial activities within Yuan River and Li River whereas, the major sources of spread Cd pollution may be from agricultural fertilizers.","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry","doi":"10.1039/C9EM00536F","usgsCitation":"Peng, D., Liu, Z., Su, X., Xiao, Y., Wang, Y., and Middleton, B., 2020, Spatial distribution of heavy metals in the West Dongting Lake floodplain, China: Environmental Science: Processes and Impacts, v. 22, p. 1256-1265, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9EM00536F.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1256","endPage":"1265","ipdsId":"IP-104637","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374822,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"West Dongting Lake floodplain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 111.456298828125,\n 28.289870471423562\n ],\n [\n 112.82409667968749,\n 28.289870471423562\n ],\n [\n 112.82409667968749,\n 29.38217507514529\n ],\n [\n 111.456298828125,\n 29.38217507514529\n ],\n [\n 111.456298828125,\n 28.289870471423562\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peng, Dong","contributorId":224694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peng","given":"Dong","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40912,"text":"Beijing Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Ziyu","contributorId":224695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Ziyu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40912,"text":"Beijing Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Su, Xinyue","contributorId":224696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Su","given":"Xinyue","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40912,"text":"Beijing Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Xiao, Yaquin","contributorId":224697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xiao","given":"Yaquin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40912,"text":"Beijing Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wang, Yuechen","contributorId":224698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Yuechen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40912,"text":"Beijing Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Middleton, Beth 0000-0002-1220-2326","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":222689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Beth","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70210347,"text":"70210347 - 2020 - Li and Ca enrichment in the Bristol Dry Lake brine compared to brines from Cadiz and Danby Dry Lakes, Barstow-Bristol Trough, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-09T20:42:07.632544","indexId":"70210347","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-21T16:16:29","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5207,"text":"Minerals","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Li and Ca enrichment in the Bristol Dry Lake brine compared to brines from Cadiz and Danby Dry Lakes, Barstow-Bristol Trough, California, USA","docAbstract":"Analytical methods that incorporate genetic data are increasingly used in monitoring and assessment programs for important rate functions of fish populations (e.g., recruitment). Because gear types vary in efficiencies and effective sampling areas, results from genetic‐based assessments likely differ depending on the sampling gear used to collect genotyped individuals; consequently, management decisions may also be affected by sampling gear. In this study, genetic pedigree analysis conducted on egg and larval Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens collected from the St. Clair–Detroit River system using three gear types was used to estimate and evaluate gear‐specific differences in the number of spawning adults that produced the eggs and larvae sampled (Ns), the effective number of breeding adults (Nb), and individual reproductive success. Combined across locations and sampling years, pooled estimates were 330 (Ns; point estimate) and 317 (Nb; 95% CI = 271–372). Mean reproductive success was 4.35 with a variance of 5.33 individuals/spawner. Mean ± SE estimated numbers of unique parents per genotyped egg or larva (i.e., adult detection rate) from 2015 samples were 1.140 ± 0.003 for vertically stratified conical nets, 0.836 ± 0.002 for D‐frame nets, and 0.870 ± 0.002 for egg mats. Using samples from 2016, adult detection rates were 0.823 ± 0.001 for D‐frame nets and 0.708 ± 0.001 for egg mat collections. Coancestry values were negatively correlated with adult detection rate. Although genetic pedigree analyses can improve the understanding of recruitment in fish populations, this study demonstrates that estimates from genetic analyses can vary with the targeted life stage (a biologically informative outcome) and sampling methodology. This study also highlights the influence of sampling methods on the interpretation of genetic pedigree analysis results when multiple gear types are used to collect individuals. Development of standardization approaches may facilitate spatial and temporal comparisons of genetic‐based assessment results.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10333","usgsCitation":"Hunter, R., Roseman, E., Sard, N.M., Hayes, D., Brenden, T.O., DeBruyne, R., and Scribner, K.T., 2020, Egg and larval collection methods affect spawning adult numbers inferred by pedigree analysis: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 40, no. 2, p. 307-319, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10333.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"319","ipdsId":"IP-111101","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10333","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382466,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Michigan, Ontario","otherGeospatial":"St Clair-Detroit River system","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.29833984375,\n 41.99624282178583\n ],\n [\n -82.232666015625,\n 41.99624282178583\n ],\n [\n -82.232666015625,\n 43.06086137134326\n ],\n [\n -83.29833984375,\n 43.06086137134326\n ],\n [\n -83.29833984375,\n 41.99624282178583\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-03-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunter, Robert D.","contributorId":237766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunter","given":"Robert D.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F. 0000-0002-5315-9838","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5315-9838","contributorId":217909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sard, Nick M.","contributorId":237767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sard","given":"Nick","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hayes, Daniel B.","contributorId":248252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayes","given":"Daniel B.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brenden, Travis O.","contributorId":126759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brenden","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":6596,"text":"Quantitative Fisheries Center, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"DeBruyne, Robin L.","contributorId":139752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeBruyne","given":"Robin L.","affiliations":[{"id":12902,"text":"MI State UNiversity","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Scribner, Kim T.","contributorId":95434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scribner","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70209094,"text":"ofr20201026 - 2020 - Evaluating dewatering approaches to protect larval Pacific lamprey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-23T12:10:11","indexId":"ofr20201026","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-20T14:19:59","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-1026","displayTitle":"Evaluating Dewatering Approaches to Protect Larval Pacific Lamprey","title":"Evaluating dewatering approaches to protect larval Pacific lamprey","docAbstract":"Larval Pacific lamprey live for several years burrowed in nearshore sediments where they filter feed on detritus and organic matter. Dewatering of larval habitat can occur as a result of flow-management practices, construction projects, or seasonal closures of irrigation diversions. Effective management of dewatering events requires guidance on approaches to protect lamprey, such as dewatering rates and light conditions (day or night) that allow lamprey the best opportunity to relocate water and avoid being stranded. We conducted controlled laboratory experiments comparing five dewatering rates (1, 1.8, 4, 8, and 16 inches per hour [in/h]) and two light conditions (light and dark) to evaluate their effectiveness in protecting larval lamprey. We used a tank with a simulated shoreline at a 10-percent slope filled with river sediment and manipulated the outflow to control the rate of dewatering until water was covering only the sediment in the lowest tank section, at the bottom of the slope. Following dewatering, larvae were classified as either stranded (in or on the substrate outside the watered area) or safe (relocated to the wetted area at the lower end of the tank). All study groups experienced high rates of stranding. The lowest stranding rates were for 1 in/h, in both light (77 percent) and dark (80 percent). Faster dewatering rates generally produced higher percentages of stranded fish, and both the dark and light trials at 16 in/h stranded all larvae. At each of the five dewatering rates, trials conducted in the dark stranded the same or higher proportions of fish than the corresponding trial conducted in the light, so there was no clear advantage to dewatering during dark conditions. The largest contribution to stranding rates for all study groups was the high number of larvae (50–80 percent) that did not initiate movement in response to dewatering and remained in the uppermost tank section where they were stocked at the start of the trials. The proportion of larvae that emerged from the sediment during dewatering trials was approximately 30 percent, and fish that emerged were consistently smaller than those that remained burrowed. Combining all dewatering rates, emergence was 31.3 percent for groups under dark conditions and 30.7 percent for groups under light conditions. We recorded the timing of emergence for 58 larvae and their median time to emerge (after the surface of the sediment in the uppermost tank section was dewatered) was 0.62 hour (h) (range 0–4.5 h). We measured larval movement rates and found that large fish moved faster than small fish. Differences in larval movement rate based on light condition were significant only for large fish, which had a significantly faster rate during light conditions. Larval lamprey moved, over short distances, at rates that exceeded the fastest dewatering rate we tested. The mean movement rates for groups ranged from 19.0 to 44.4 centimeters per minute [cm/min]) and the fastest dewatering rate (16 in/h) is equivalent to less than 1 cm/min. Only the slowest movement rate measured, 6.6 cm/min for one individual lamprey, was slower than the fastest dewatering rate.
We also investigated lamprey responses to a series of dewatering and rewatering events. Individual larvae were held in cylinders and exposed to four cycles of dewatering and rewatering using dewatering rates of 1 and 16 in/h and a rewatering rate of 2 in/h. Each dewatering rate was tested under both dark and light conditions. The location of fish, either on the surface of the sediment or burrowed, was recorded after each dewatering event for four rounds. The most common individual fish response for all study groups was to remain burrowed through all four rounds, and there were large differences in response between small and large larvae. Overall for small larvae, combining all groups, 14 of 28 fish emerged, and of those, 8 died and 1 was lethargic. The 1-in/h rate had 7 of the 8 mortalities, split about equally between the dark (3 fish) and light (4 fish) trials. All but one fish that died emerged from the sediment at some point during the four rounds of dewatering. Large larvae predominantly remained burrowed in all four rounds and did not experience any mortality. None of the large fish emerged for more than a single round, and emergence occurred only in the first and second rounds. Larvae emerged more quickly as the number of dewatering events increased. The mean time to emerge after the surface of the sediment in the tube was dewatered, combing all four groups, was 42 minutes (min) in round 1 (14 fish), 16 min in round 2 (5 fish), 11 min in round 3 (3 fish), and 8 minutes in round 4 (3 fish). When all groups and rounds of dewatering were combined, the overall mean time to emerge was 29 min (25 fish) and ranged from 1 min to 2 hours after the surface of the sediment was dewatered. Larvae burrowed deeper during the 1-in/h trials than the 16-in/h trials, and few fish were deeper than about 23 centimeters (cm). Large larvae burrowed deeper than small larvae. Small larvae were most concentrated from 0 to 7.6 cm (83.7 percent), and large fish were concentrated from 15.2 to 22.8 cm (43.3 percent). The second dewatering event resulted in greater mean burrowing depth than the first event, but trends after the second event were less clear.
Larval size played a role in lamprey responses to dewatering, having a significant effect on emergence, movement rate, and vertical distribution. The sediment used for laboratory testing or occupied by lamprey in the field appears to affect lamprey response to dewatering and deserves greater attention in future studies. Larvae were more active in the dark, but darkness did not consistently provide better outcomes (e.g., more emergence or reduced stranding) compared to daylight. An improved understanding of the cues that prompt larvae to emerge from the sediment, combined with the ability to manage dewatering rates, would be useful to guide future dewatering events to minimize negative effects to lamprey.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201026","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Fish and Wildlife Office, Portland, Oregon; and Columbia River Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, Vancouver, Washington","usgsCitation":"Liedtke, T.L., Weiland, L.K., Skalicky. J.J., and Gray, A.E., 2020, Evaluating dewatering approaches to protect larval Pacific lamprey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1026, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201026.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-113959","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373417,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1026/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":373418,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1026/ofr20201026.pdf","text":"Report","size":"992 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020-1026"}],"contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115-5016
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) determined the physical and chemical properties of more than 260 feed coal and coal combustion byproducts from two coal-fired power plants. These plants utilized a low-sulfur (0.23-0.47 wt. % S) and low ash (4.9-6.3 wt. % ash) subbituminous coal from the Wyodak-Anderson coal zone in the Tongue River Member of the Paleocene Fort Union Formation, Powder River Basin, Wyoming. Fifty-three samples of bituminous coal were collected and analyzed from a Kentucky power plant, which used several sources of bituminous coals from the Appalachian and Illinois Basins.
Based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses of feed coal samples collected and analyzed from 1996 through the late 2000s, two mineral suites were identified: (1) a primary or detrital suite consisting of quartz (including beta-form grains), biotite, feldspar, and minor zircon; and (2) a secondary authigenic mineral suite containing alumino-phosphates (crandallite and gorceixite), kaolinite, carbonates (calcite and dolomite), quartz, anatase, barite, and pyrite. The detrital mineral suite is interpreted, in part, to be of volcanic origin, whereas the authigenic mineral suite is interpreted, in part, to be the result of the alteration of the volcanic minerals. The mineral suites have contributed to the higher amounts of barium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, strontium, and titanium in the Powder River Basin feed coals in comparison to eastern US coals.
XRD analysis indicates that (1) fly ash is mostly aluminate glass, perovskite, lime, gehlenite, quartz, and phosphates with minor amounts of periclase, anhydrite, hematite, and spinel group minerals; and (2) bottom ash is predominantly quartz, plagioclase (albite and anorthite), pyroxene (augite and fassaite), rhodonite, and akermanite, and spinel group minerals. Microprobe and SEM analyses of fly ash samples revealed quartz, zircon, and monazite, euhedral laths of corundum with merrillite, hematite, dendritic spinels/ferrites, wollastonite, and periclase. The abundant calcium and magnesium mineral phases in the fly ash are attributed to the alteration of carbonate, clay, and phosphate minerals in the feed coal during combustion.
The calcium- and magnesium-rich and alumino-phosphate mineral phases in the coal combustion byproducts can be attributed to volcanic minerals deposited in peat-forming mires. Dissolution and alteration of these detrital volcanic minerals occurred either in the peat-forming stage or during coalification and diagenesis, resulting in the authigenic mineral suite.
The presence of free lime (CaO) in fly ash produced from Wyodak-Anderson coal acts as a self-contained “scrubber” for SO3, where CaO + SO3 form anhydrite either during combustion or in the upper parts of the boiler. Considering the high lime content in the fly ash and the resulting hydration reactions after its contact with water, there is little evidence that major amounts of leachable metals are mobilized in the disposal or utilization of this fly ash.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.31582/rmag.mg.57.3.199","usgsCitation":"Brownfield, M.E., 2020, Characterization of feed coals and coal combustion byproducts from the Wyodak-Anderson coal zone, Powder River Basin, Wyoming: Mountain Geologist, v. 57, no. 3, p. 199-240, https://doi.org/10.31582/rmag.mg.57.3.199.","productDescription":"42 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"240","ipdsId":"IP-112921","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386034,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","county":"Campbell County","otherGeospatial":"Powder River basin","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-105.0874,45.0001],[-105.0855,44.9688],[-105.0861,44.8811],[-105.0764,44.8818],[-105.0773,44.8014],[-105.0773,44.7868],[-105.0863,44.787],[-105.0869,44.7574],[-105.0869,44.7277],[-105.0869,44.699],[-105.0863,44.6533],[-105.0869,44.6387],[-105.0861,44.6118],[-105.0859,44.5283],[-105.0853,44.5118],[-105.0853,44.4977],[-105.086,44.4826],[-105.0817,44.1793],[-105.076,44.1791],[-105.0776,44.1409],[-105.0776,44.1263],[-105.0804,44.0033],[-105.0842,44.0029],[-105.0849,43.9414],[-105.0849,43.9268],[-105.0848,43.9154],[-105.0851,43.8936],[-105.0848,43.8411],[-105.0847,43.8275],[-105.0809,43.8269],[-105.0821,43.7395],[-105.0821,43.7103],[-105.0821,43.6807],[-105.0822,43.6652],[-105.0821,43.6511],[-105.0822,43.6356],[-105.0821,43.6211],[-105.082,43.5942],[-105.082,43.5646],[-105.082,43.55],[-105.082,43.5341],[-105.082,43.5195],[-105.0817,43.4981],[-105.242,43.4984],[-105.2616,43.4979],[-105.2818,43.4978],[-105.302,43.4978],[-105.3216,43.4977],[-105.3418,43.4981],[-105.362,43.4981],[-105.4018,43.498],[-105.5028,43.4977],[-105.5236,43.4976],[-105.6833,43.4973],[-106.0204,43.4946],[-106.0197,43.7619],[-106.0198,43.822],[-106.0084,43.8223],[-106.0082,43.8501],[-106.0084,43.8647],[-106.008,43.8792],[-106.0082,43.8938],[-106.0078,43.9958],[-106.0076,44.0227],[-106.0078,44.0373],[-106.008,44.0524],[-106.0082,44.0665],[-106.0078,44.082],[-106.0087,44.0961],[-106.0089,44.1107],[-106.0091,44.1253],[-106.0093,44.1403],[-106.0095,44.1545],[-106.0097,44.1695],[-106.0199,44.1697],[-106.0204,44.1966],[-106.0206,44.2112],[-106.0208,44.2257],[-106.0218,44.2996],[-106.0203,44.3748],[-106.0205,44.3894],[-106.0207,44.404],[-106.0203,44.4191],[-106.0194,44.4478],[-106.0196,44.4642],[-106.0198,44.4783],[-106.02,44.4934],[-106.0203,44.5066],[-106.0205,44.5208],[-106.0115,44.5211],[-106.0115,44.5653],[-106.0078,44.8423],[-106.0076,44.8715],[-106.0166,44.8716],[-106.0164,44.8999],[-106.0171,44.9437],[-106.0165,44.962],[-106.0168,44.9968],[-106.0007,44.9967],[-105.9331,44.9973],[-105.9226,45.0007],[-105.9196,45.0017],[-105.897,45.0017],[-105.7601,45.0016],[-105.6974,45.0017],[-105.694,45.0016],[-105.6768,45.0016],[-105.5876,45.0013],[-105.2874,45.0009],[-105.2834,45.0009],[-105.2674,45.0009],[-105.2468,45.0009],[-105.2381,45.0009],[-105.2268,45.0009],[-105.0874,45.0001]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Campbell\",\"state\":\"WY\"}}]}","volume":"57","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brownfield, Michael E. 0000-0003-3633-1138 mbrownfield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-1138","contributorId":1548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Michael","email":"mbrownfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70209418,"text":"70209418 - 2020 - Economic valuation of health benefits from using geologic data to communicate radon risk potential","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-01T21:15:36.519346","indexId":"70209418","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-20T09:45:42","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5522,"text":"Environmental Health","onlineIssn":"1476-069X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Economic valuation of health benefits from using geologic data to communicate radon risk potential","docAbstract":"Background: Radon exposure is the second leading cause of lung cancer worldwide and represents a major health concern within and outside the United States. Mitigating exposure to radon is especially critical in places with high rates of tobacco smoking (e.g., Kentucky, USA), as radon-induced lung cancer is markedly greater among people exposed to tobacco smoke. Despite homes being a common source of radon exposure, convincing homeowners to test and mitigate for radon remains a challenge. A new communication strategy to increase radon testing among Kentucky homeowners utilizes fine-scale geologic map data to create detailed radon risk potential maps. We assessed the health benefits of this strategy via avoided lung cancer and associated premature mortality and quantified the economic value of these benefits to indicate the potential utility of using geologic map data in radon communication strategies. Methods: We estimated the change in radon testing among all 120 counties in Kentucky following a new communication strategy reliant on geologic maps. We approximated the resultant potential change in radon mitigation rates and subsequent expected lung cancer cases and mortality avoided among smokers and non-smokers exposed to ≥4 pCi/L of radon in the home. We then applied the value of a statistical life to derive the economic value of the expected avoided mortality. Results: The new communication strategy is estimated to help 75 Kentucky residents in one year avoid exposure to harmful radon levels via increased testing and mitigation rates. This equated to the potential avoidance of approximately one premature death due to lung cancer, with a net present value of \\$3.4 to \\$8.5 million (2016 USD). Conclusions: Our analysis illustrates the potential economic value of health benefits associated with geologic map data used as part of a communication strategy conveying radon risk to the public. Geologic map data are freely available in varying resolutions throughout the United States, suggesting Kentucky’s radon communication strategy using geologic maps can be employed in other states to educate the public about radon. As this is only a single application, in a single state, the economic and health benefits of geologic map data in educating the public about radon are likely to exceed our estimates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/s12940-020-00589-8","usgsCitation":"Chiavacci, S.J., Shapiro, C.D., Pindilli, E., Casey, C.F., Rayens, M.K., Wiggins, A.T., Andrews, W.M., and Hahn, E.J., 2020, Economic valuation of health benefits from using geologic data to communicate radon risk potential: Environmental Health, v. 19, 36, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-020-00589-8.","productDescription":"36, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-110968","costCenters":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457301,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-020-00589-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":373860,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Jr.","contributorId":51406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"William","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":786544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hahn, Ellen J.","contributorId":223882,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hahn","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":786545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70228430,"text":"70228430 - 2020 - Electrofishing encounter probability, survival, and dispersal of stocked age-0 Muskellunge in Wisconsin lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-10T15:05:58.812086","indexId":"70228430","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-20T08:58:44","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Electrofishing encounter probability, survival, and dispersal of stocked age-0 Muskellunge in Wisconsin lakes","docAbstract":"Boat electrofishing is often used to sample age-0 Muskellunge Esox masquinongy for indexing recruitment or evaluating stocking success. However, electrofishing samples typically result in low CPUE, prompting concerns regarding whether catch rates reflect actual abundance or whether boat electrofishing is generally ineffective for capturing age-0 Muskellunge (i.e., if fish are not being encountered by the gear). To address these concerns, we used radiotelemetry to evaluate the probability of encountering stocked age-0 Muskellunge (230–350 mm TL) during standardized fall electrofishing surveys in three Wisconsin lakes. Our approach also allowed us to evaluate short-term survival and dispersal from stocking locations. Despite limited dispersal (<2.5 km) from the stocking locations and relatively high short-term survival (75–94%) of radio-tagged fish, few age-0 Muskellunge were located within the path of the electrofishing boat (7–30%). Furthermore, the probability of encounter by boat electrofishing varied by as much as 6.3 times among lakes. Differences in encounter probability among lakes appeared to be related to lake basin and habitat characteristics. Overlays of electrofishing sampling effort and fish locations revealed that traditional shoreline electrofishing may not be an effective way of estimating age-0 Muskellunge CPUE. Modifications to electrofishing protocols, including increased effort in offshore areas and consideration of basin characteristics and habitat, may be needed to increase encounter probabilities and the utility of boat electrofishing for sampling age-0 Muskellunge.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10418","usgsCitation":"Dembkowski, D., Kerns, J.A., Easterly, E.G., and Isermann, D.A., 2020, Electrofishing encounter probability, survival, and dispersal of stocked age-0 Muskellunge in Wisconsin lakes: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 40, no. 2, p. 383-393, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10418.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"383","endPage":"393","ipdsId":"IP-111289","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395768,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Stella Lake, Twin Valley Lake, Upper Gresham Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.21207427978516,\n 45.70557989372282\n ],\n [\n -89.17963027954102,\n 45.70557989372282\n ],\n [\n -89.17963027954102,\n 45.72236042939562\n ],\n [\n -89.21207427978516,\n 45.72236042939562\n ],\n [\n -89.21207427978516,\n 45.70557989372282\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.75199222564697,\n 46.06087385306044\n ],\n [\n -89.723,\n 46.06087385306044\n ],\n [\n -89.723,\n 46.07721993221842\n ],\n [\n -89.75199222564697,\n 46.07721993221842\n ],\n [\n -89.75199222564697,\n 46.06087385306044\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.10273933410645,\n 43.01569327500512\n ],\n [\n -90.08136749267578,\n 43.01569327500512\n ],\n [\n -90.08136749267578,\n 43.03708953184211\n ],\n [\n -90.10273933410645,\n 43.03708953184211\n ],\n [\n -90.10273933410645,\n 43.01569327500512\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-03-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dembkowski, Daniel J.","contributorId":275781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dembkowski","given":"Daniel J.","affiliations":[{"id":33303,"text":"University of Wisconsin Stevens Point","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kerns, Janice A.","contributorId":275782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kerns","given":"Janice","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":33303,"text":"University of Wisconsin Stevens Point","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Easterly, Emma G.","contributorId":275785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Easterly","given":"Emma","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":33303,"text":"University of Wisconsin Stevens Point","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Isermann, Daniel A. 0000-0003-1151-9097 disermann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1151-9097","contributorId":5167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isermann","given":"Daniel","email":"disermann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70210265,"text":"70210265 - 2020 - 40Ar/39Ar and U-Pb SIMS zircon ages of Ediacaran dikes from the Arabian-Nubian Shield of south Jordan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-27T13:53:26.508555","indexId":"70210265","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-20T08:50:13","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"40Ar/39Ar and U-Pb SIMS zircon ages of Ediacaran dikes from the Arabian-Nubian Shield of south Jordan","docAbstract":"A spectacular feature of the Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS) is the abundance of well-exposed and extensive Neoproterozoic dike swarms of multiple generations. These dikes are generally categorized into metamorphosed and unmetamorphosed post-orogenic dike swarms. The unmetamorphosed dikes in the northern ANS can be grouped into an old and young generations. We dated three dikes from the old generation of the unmetamorphosed dikes: a composite dike with latite margins and rhyolite core (607 ± 6 Ma, U-Pb), a biotite rhyolite dike (600 ± 4 Ma, 40Ar/39Ar age of biotite) and an andesite dike (594 ± 3, 40Ar/39Ar age of amphibole). We propose that these dikes representing the old generation were emplaced at different episodes extending approximately between 607 and 590 Ma. Time and composition equivalent plutonic rocks are common in Jordan and the northern ANS. These dikes crosscut the late to post-collisional granitoids and display a subduction-related character as evidenced from the Nb-Ta anomaly, suggesting a transitional magmatic activity from the orogenic to extensional environment. This generation of dikes is absent in the alkali feldspar A-type granite dated at 586 ± 5 Ma in Jordan and equivalent rocks in the northern ANS, which are crosscut only by the dolerite dikes which has an approximate crystallization age of ~579 Ma (40Ar/39Ar whole rock total gas age). Their within-plate character is supported by the absence of the Nb-Ta anomaly and the high field strength elements tectonic discrimination plots. We propose that these dolerite dikes represent the last Neoproterozoic igneous activity in the northern ANS, i.e. the magmatic activity was terminated ~50 m.y. before the estimated age of the Ram Unconformity at ~530 Ma. This age is in agreement with a previously suggested model of mantle lithosphere delamination from below the northern ANS after a significant crust-mantle thickening caused by the East African Orogeny. The thickening triggered exceptionally rapid uplift, followed by erosional unroofing of the ANS rocks, some lateral extension, and post-orogenic magmatic activity. This was followed by thermal relaxation and subsidence and the gradual denudation, erosion, and peneplanation that gradually developed until the approximate age of the unconformity at ~530 Ma.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2020.105714","usgsCitation":"Ghanem, H., McAleer, R.J., Jarrar, G.H., Al Hseinat, M., and Whitehouse, M., 2020, 40Ar/39Ar and U-Pb SIMS zircon ages of Ediacaran dikes from the Arabian-Nubian Shield of south Jordan: Precambrian Research, v. 434, 105714, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2020.105714.","productDescription":"105714, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-112209","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375071,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Red Sea, Sinai Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 34.541015625,\n 29.99300228455108\n ],\n [\n 34.27734375,\n 31.12819929911196\n ],\n [\n 31.289062500000004,\n 31.57853542647338\n ],\n [\n 30.41015625,\n 28.07198030177986\n ],\n [\n 32.16796875,\n 16.88865978738161\n ],\n [\n 42.1875,\n 9.709057068618208\n ],\n [\n 48.427734375,\n 8.494104537551882\n ],\n [\n 48.515625,\n 14.349547837185362\n ],\n [\n 41.484375,\n 24.686952411999155\n ],\n [\n 34.541015625,\n 29.99300228455108\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"434","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ghanem, Hind","contributorId":189107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ghanem","given":"Hind","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McAleer, Ryan J. 0000-0003-3801-7441 rmcaleer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3801-7441","contributorId":215498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAleer","given":"Ryan","email":"rmcaleer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jarrar, Ghaleb H. 0000-0003-3424-3337","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3424-3337","contributorId":224974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jarrar","given":"Ghaleb","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":35514,"text":"University of Jordan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Al Hseinat, Mu’ayyad 0000-0003-3269-1144","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3269-1144","contributorId":224975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Al Hseinat","given":"Mu’ayyad","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35514,"text":"University of Jordan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Whitehouse, Martin 0000-0003-2227-577X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2227-577X","contributorId":224976,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitehouse","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39794,"text":"Swedish Museum of Natural History","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":789846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70213189,"text":"70213189 - 2020 - Altered climate leads to positive density‐dependent feedbacks in a tropical wet forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-15T15:58:10.209633","indexId":"70213189","displayToPublicDate":"2020-03-20T08:45:59","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Altered climate leads to positive density‐dependent feedbacks in a tropical wet forest","docAbstract":"Climate change is predicted to result in warmer and drier Neotropical forests relative to current conditions. Negative density‐dependent feedbacks, mediated by natural enemies, are key to maintaining the high diversity of tree species found in the tropics, yet we have little understanding of how projected changes in climate are likely to affect these critical controls. Over 3 years, we evaluated the effects of a natural drought and in situ experimental warming on density‐dependent feedbacks on seedling demography in a wet tropical forest in Puerto Rico. In the +4°C warming treatment, we found that seedling survival increased with increasing density of the same species (conspecific). These positive density‐dependent feedbacks were not associated with a decrease in aboveground natural enemy pressure. If positive density‐dependent feedbacks are not transient, the diversity of tropical wet forests, which may rely on negative density dependence to drive diversity, could decline in a future warmer, drier world.
We present the first description of summer stream thermal regimes in Alaska using metrics that represent the magnitude, variability, frequency, duration, and timing of temperature events related to salmon life histories. We used cluster analysis to characterize thermal regimes present in the Matanuska-Susitna (Mat-Su) Basin based on 10 nonredundant temperature metrics and identified the most important drivers of our thermal regimes using random forests. Our results indicated four distinct thermal regimes among the 248 site-years in the Mat-Su Basin. Over 41% of site-years had cold-stable temperatures. An additional 22% of site-years had cold-variable temperatures and the latest timing of maximum stream temperatures. Twenty-eight percent of site-years had warm-variable temperatures that remained above 13°C for approximately two months. The remaining 9% of site-years had the warmest and most variable daily maximum temperatures, exceeding 18°C for almost one month, indicating potential impacts to spawning and rearing salmon. Climate and landscape drivers differentiating thermal regimes included spring and summer air temperatures, spring snowpack, summer precipitation, wetlands, and lakes. Climate change projections for 2050–2069 indicated a future shift toward warm thermal regimes and a reduced portfolio of thermal diversity. These results portend negative impacts to some salmon populations and stress the importance of prioritizing actions that maintain thermal regime diversity.
Since 2004, seven spawning reefs have been constructed in the St. Clair–Detroit River system to remediate lost spawning habitat and increase recruitment of Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens . Assessment of management actions by collecting and enumerating eggs and larvae provided evidence of spawning Lake Sturgeon and survival of eggs until larval dispersal at constructed reef sites. However, the number of spawners contributing sampled offspring (N s ), effective number of breeders (N b ), and extent of larval dispersal was unknown. Genetic reconstruction of familial relationships assigned eggs and larvae (n = 725) collected in 2015 and 2016 to full‐ and half‐sibling groups and estimated N s , N b , and genetic connectivity. We used a modified COLONY simulation module to simulate and convert 18 microsatellite loci (13 disomic and 5 polysomic) to 205 dominant present/absent markers to increase marker number and familial assignment accuracy in family reconstruction analysis. We assessed COLONY's ability to accurately infer familial relationships across small (n = 50), moderate (n = 125), and large (n = 750) larval sample sizes using two assumed allele frequency distributions for polysomic loci. We found that with fewer offspring sampled, COLONY underestimated N s and with large sample sizes overestimated N s . However, estimates were usually within 12–16% of the simulated true N s . Across reefs, estimates of N s were 151 in 2015 and 208 in 2016, and N b was similar (158 in 2015 and 198 in 2016). Evidence of full‐ and half‐sibling larvae collected at multiple locations indicated that individual Lake Sturgeon spawned at multiple locations within years and larvae dispersed considerable distances. Estimating N s , N b , larval dispersal, and inferred genetic connectivity between locations provides managers with population demographic parameters to assess habitat remediation projects. Continued monitoring, including genetic family reconstruction, may provide insight into the long‐term effects of constructed spawning habitat on recruitment and population‐level genetic diversity.
Nonlethal tools (plasma sex steroid concentrations and ultrasound) for assigning sex and reproductive condition in Burbot Lota lota from Lake Roosevelt, Washington, were assessed. Gonadal tissue, blood plasma, and gonadal sonograms were collected monthly from November 2016 to March 2018. Gametogenesis was described by gonadal histology during an entire reproductive cycle to confirm sex and reproductive condition. Plasma testosterone (T) and estradiol-17β (E2) concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. Plasma 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Plasma sex steroid profiles, gonadosomatic index, and ovarian follicle diameter were also described during an entire reproductive cycle. Plasma 11-KT concentration was used to assign sex with 82% accuracy during the entire reproductive cycle, and plasma 11-KT and E2 concentrations were used to assign sex with 98% accuracy when fish were reproductive (i.e., November–March in Lake Roosevelt). Plasma T and E2 concentrations were used to assign reproductive condition in females with 98% accuracy, and plasma T concentration was used to assign reproductive condition in males with 90% accuracy. Ultrasound was used to assign sex with 96% accuracy but was not useful for assigning reproductive condition. Nonlethal tools to assign sex and reproductive condition will enable fisheries biologists to assess reproductive indices of the Burbot population in Lake Roosevelt to inform management decisions.
The American sand lance (Ammodytes americanus, Ammodytidae) and the Northern sand lance (A. dubius, Ammodytidae) are small forage fishes that play an important functional role in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean (NWA). The NWA is a highly dynamic ecosystem currently facing increased risks from climate change, fishing and energy development. We need a better understanding of the biology, population dynamics and ecosystem role of Ammodytes to inform relevant management, climate adaptation and conservation efforts. To meet this need, we synthesized available data on the (a) life history, behaviour and distribution; (b) trophic ecology; (c) threats and vulnerabilities; and (d) ecosystem services role of Ammodytes in the NWA. Overall, 72 regional predators including 45 species of fishes, two squids, 16 seabirds and nine marine mammals were found to consume Ammodytes. Priority research needs identified during this effort include basic information on the patterns and drivers in abundance and distribution of Ammodytes, improved assessments of reproductive biology schedules and investigations of regional sensitivity and resilience to climate change, fishing and habitat disturbance. Food web studies are also needed to evaluate trophic linkages and to assess the consequences of inconsistent zooplankton prey and predator fields on energy flow within the NWA ecosystem. Synthesis results represent the first comprehensive assessment of Ammodytes in the NWA and are intended to inform new research and support regional ecosystem‐based management approaches.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/faf.12445","usgsCitation":"Staudinger, M., Goyert, H., Suca, J., Coleman, K., Welch, L., Llopiz, J., Wiley, D., Altman, I., Applegate, A., Auster, P., Baumann, H., Beaty, J., Boelke, D., Kaufman, L., Loring, P., Moxley, J., Paton, S., Powers, K., Richardson, D., Robbins, J., Runge, J., Smith, B., Spiegel, C., and Steinmetz, H., 2020, The role of sand lances (Ammodytes sp.) in the Northwest Atlantic Ecosystem: A synthesis of current knowledge with implications for conservation and management: Fish and Fisheries, v. 21, no. 3, p. 522-556, https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12445.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"522","endPage":"556","ipdsId":"IP-112301","costCenters":[{"id":41705,"text":"Northeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":457308,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12445","text":"Publisher Index 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