{"pageNumber":"645","pageRowStart":"16100","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68919,"records":[{"id":70045897,"text":"70045897 - 2012 - Mineral resource of the month: mercury","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-08T16:48:39","indexId":"70045897","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1419,"text":"Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral resource of the month: mercury","docAbstract":"The article offers information on mercury, a mineral commodity used in industrial and small-scale gold mining applications. Mercury has been reported to be used for amalgamation with gold since the Roman times. Mercury from cinnabar from Almadén, Spain has been used by Romans and has been continued to be used through the Middle Ages and the Colonial era.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AGI","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2012, Mineral resource of the month: mercury: Earth, v. 57, no. 11, p. 61-61.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"61","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272079,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518b73efe4b0037667dbc87f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70046265,"text":"70046265 - 2012 - Density-dependent nest predation in waterfowl: the relative importance of nest density versus nest dispersion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-01T17:20:52","indexId":"70046265","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Density-dependent nest predation in waterfowl: the relative importance of nest density versus nest dispersion","docAbstract":"When nest predation levels are very high or very low, the absolute range of observable nest success is constrained (a floor/ceiling effect), and it may be more difficult to detect density-dependent nest predation. Density-dependent nest predation may be more detectable in years with moderate predation rates, simply because there can be a greater absolute difference in nest success between sites. To test this, we replicated a predation experiment 10 years after the original study, using both natural and artificial nests, comparing a year when overall rates of nest predation were high (2000) to a year with moderate nest predation (2010). We found no evidence for density-dependent predation on artificial nests in either year, indicating that nest predation is not density-dependent at the spatial scale of our experimental replicates (1-ha patches). Using nearest-neighbor distances as a measure of nest dispersion, we also found little evidence for “dispersion-dependent” predation on artificial nests. However, when we tested for dispersion-dependent predation using natural nests, we found that nest survival increased with shorter nearest-neighbor distances, and that neighboring nests were more likely to share the same nest fate than non-adjacent nests. Thus, at small spatial scales, density-dependence appears to operate in the opposite direction as predicted: closer nearest neighbors are more likely to be successful. We suggest that local nest dispersion, rather than larger-scale measures of nest density per se, may play a more important role in density-dependent nest predation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-011-2228-1","usgsCitation":"Ackerman, J., Ringelman, K.M., and Eadie, J., 2012, Density-dependent nest predation in waterfowl: the relative importance of nest density versus nest dispersion: Oecologia, v. 169, no. 3, p. 695-702, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2228-1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"695","endPage":"702","ipdsId":"IP-030592","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273239,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273238,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2228-1"}],"volume":"169","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51af0c66e4b08a3322c2c29c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ringelman, Kevin M.","contributorId":95806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringelman","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eadie, J.M.","contributorId":8034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eadie","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70046499,"text":"70046499 - 2012 - Ecology of bison, elk, and vegetation in an arid ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-17T17:06:46","indexId":"70046499","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":21,"text":"Thesis"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":28,"text":"Thesis"},"title":"Ecology of bison, elk, and vegetation in an arid ecosystem","docAbstract":"Herbivory has profound effects on vegetation production and structure in many different plant communities. The influence of herbivory on plants and ultimately ecosystem processes is shaped by the types of plants consumed, the intensity of herbivory, the evolutionary history of grazing, and the availability of water and nutrients to plants. The effect of ungulate herbivores on vegetation is of great interest to ecologists, land managers and agriculturalists. In addition, the Department of Interior recently established a Bison Conservation Initiative to provide for the conservation and restoration of North American plains- and wood bison, which includes establishing new populations and expanding existing populations. The San Luis Valley, Colorado, is being considered as a potential location for a bison conservation herd. Resource managers need to know the vegetation impacts of adding a second large ungulate to a system that already has elk.","language":"English","publisher":"Colorado State University, Program in Ecology","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Schoenecker, K.A., 2012, Ecology of bison, elk, and vegetation in an arid ecosystem, ix, 95 p.","productDescription":"ix, 95 p.","numberOfPages":"104","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273685,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Luis Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.06,36.99 ], [ -109.06,41.0 ], [ -102.04,41.0 ], [ -102.04,36.99 ], [ -109.06,36.99 ] ] ] } } ] }","publicComments":"Thesis adviser: N. Thompson Hobbs","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51baea94e4b02914c2497f80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoenecker, Kathryn A. 0000-0001-9906-911X schoeneckerk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9906-911X","contributorId":2001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenecker","given":"Kathryn","email":"schoeneckerk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70173428,"text":"70173428 - 2012 - Prevalence of <i>Anguillicoloides crassus</i> and growth variation in migrant yellow-phase American eels of the upper Potomac River drainage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T15:43:58","indexId":"70173428","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prevalence of <i>Anguillicoloides crassus</i> and growth variation in migrant yellow-phase American eels of the upper Potomac River drainage","docAbstract":"<p class=\"abstract_block\">Prevalence of the non-native swim bladder nematode&nbsp;<i>Anguillicoloides crassus</i>&nbsp;has recently increased in American eels from estuaries of the North American Atlantic coast, but little is known about parasite prevalence or conditions of previous infection in upstream migrant eels within upper watersheds. This study is the first to confirm presence of&nbsp;<i>A. crassus</i>&nbsp;in the upper Potomac River watershed. We estimated&nbsp;<i>A. crassus</i>&nbsp;prevalence during 3 time periods: September to October 2006 (5/143 eels, 3.5%), August to October 2007 (0/49 eels), and June 2008 (0/50 eels). All eels were sampled from the Millville Dam eel ladder on the lower Shenandoah River, a Potomac River tributary located approximately 285 km upstream of Chesapeake Bay, USA. Of the 5 infected eels, parasite intensity was 1 for each eel, and mean intensity was also 1.0. A swim bladder degenerative index (SDI) was calculated for the 50 eels from the final sampling period, and 38% of those eels (19 of 50) showed signs of previous infection by&nbsp;<i>A. crassus</i>. We also aged 42 of the 50 eels (mean &plusmn; SE = 6.7 &plusmn; 0.29 yr, range 4 to 11 yr) from the final sampling period. Based on the range of possible SDI scores (0 to 6), severity of previously infected swim bladders was moderate (SDI = 1 or 2). Previously infected eels, however, had a lower length-at-age than that of uninfected eels. Female yellow-phase eels in upper watersheds develop into large highly fecund silver-phase adults; hence, a parasite-induced effect on growth of yellow-phase eels could ultimately reduce reproductive potential.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/dao02524","usgsCitation":"Zimmerman, J.L., and Welsh, S., 2012, Prevalence of <i>Anguillicoloides crassus</i> and growth variation in migrant yellow-phase American eels of the upper Potomac River drainage: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 101, no. 2, p. 131-137, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02524.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"137","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037751","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474275,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02524","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324041,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Potomac River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.79423236846924,\n              39.269108541932816\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.79423236846924,\n              39.285154026653785\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.77547836303711,\n              39.285154026653785\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.77547836303711,\n              39.269108541932816\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.79423236846924,\n              39.269108541932816\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"101","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913e4e4b07657d19ff233","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimmerman, Jennifer L.","contributorId":171351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":26870,"text":"West Virginia University, Mortgantown, WV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Welsh, Stuart A. 0000-0003-0362-054X swelsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-054X","contributorId":152088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"Stuart A.","email":"swelsh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70046508,"text":"70046508 - 2012 - A meeting of the waters: interdisciplinary challenges and opportunities in tidal rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-14T21:39:58","indexId":"70046508","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A meeting of the waters: interdisciplinary challenges and opportunities in tidal rivers","docAbstract":"At the interface of estuarine tides and freshwater rivers lie wetland and aquatic ecosystems, which experience dramatic effects of sea level rise. There, nontidal channels and riparian floodplains are transforming into tidal ecosystems, and tidal freshwater ecosystems are receiving increasing salinity. These river-floodplain systems have both fluvial characteristics, including meandering channels and expansive floodplain forests, and estuarine characteristics, including tides and intertidal wetlands [see Barendregt et al., 2009; Conner et al., 2007, and references therein]. Because tidal rivers lie at the disciplinary divide between fluvial and estuarine science, a knowledge gap has developed in scientists' understanding of the geomorphic and biogeochemical response of these environments to sea level rise, climate change, and anthropogenically driven variations in watershed exports.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2012EO450004","usgsCitation":"Ensign, S., Noe, G., Hupp, C.R., and Fagherazzi, S., 2012, A meeting of the waters: interdisciplinary challenges and opportunities in tidal rivers: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 95, no. 45, p. 455-456, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012EO450004.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"455","endPage":"456","ipdsId":"IP-041592","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488181,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2012eo450004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":273754,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273753,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012EO450004"}],"volume":"95","issue":"45","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51bc3b62e4b0c04034a01c94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ensign, Scott H.","contributorId":81397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ensign","given":"Scott H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noe, Gregory B. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":2332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hupp, Cliff R. 0000-0003-1853-9197 crhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":2344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Cliff","email":"crhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fagherazzi, Sergio","contributorId":89282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagherazzi","given":"Sergio","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70173626,"text":"70173626 - 2012 - High-frequency remote monitoring of large lakes with MODIS 500 m imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T15:03:06","indexId":"70173626","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-frequency remote monitoring of large lakes with MODIS 500 m imagery","docAbstract":"<p><span>Satellite-based remote monitoring programs of regional lake water quality largely have relied on Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) owing to its long image archive, moderate spatial resolution (30&nbsp;m), and wide sensitivity in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, despite some notable limitations such as temporal resolution (i.e., 16&nbsp;days), data pre-processing requirements to improve data quality, and aging satellites. Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors on Aqua/Terra platforms compensate for these shortcomings, although at the expense of spatial resolution. We developed and evaluated a remote monitoring protocol for water clarity of large lakes using MODIS 500&nbsp;m data and compared MODIS utility to Landsat-based methods. MODIS images captured during May&ndash;September 2001, 2004 and 2010 were analyzed with linear regression to identify the relationship between lake water clarity and satellite-measured surface reflectance. Correlations were strong (</span><i>R</i><span>&sup2;&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.72&ndash;0.94) throughout the study period; however, they were the most consistent in August, reflecting seasonally unstable lake conditions and inter-annual differences in algal productivity during the other months. The utility of MODIS data in remote water quality estimation lies in intra-annual monitoring of lake water clarity in inaccessible, large lakes, whereas Landsat is more appropriate for inter-annual, regional trend analyses of lakes &ge;&nbsp;8&nbsp;ha. Model accuracy is improved when ancillary variables are included to reflect seasonal lake dynamics and weather patterns that influence lake clarity. The identification of landscape-scale drivers of regional water quality is a useful way to supplement satellite-based remote monitoring programs relying on spectral data alone.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2012.05.018","usgsCitation":"McCullough, I.M., Loftin, C., and Sader, S., 2012, High-frequency remote monitoring of large lakes with MODIS 500 m imagery: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 124, p. 234-241, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2012.05.018.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"234","endPage":"241","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-034387","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323408,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9332e4b04f417c275151","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCullough, Ian M.","contributorId":149952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCullough","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loftin, Cynthia S. 0000-0001-9104-3724 cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3724","contributorId":2167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Cynthia S.","email":"cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":637417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sader, Steven A.","contributorId":112282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sader","given":"Steven A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70173629,"text":"70173629 - 2012 - Mercury bioaccumulation in wood frogs developing in seasonal pools","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T13:36:03","indexId":"70173629","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury bioaccumulation in wood frogs developing in seasonal pools","docAbstract":"<p><span>Seasonal woodland pools contribute significant biomass to terrestrial ecosystems through production of pool-breeding amphibians. The movement of amphibian metamorphs potentially transports toxins bioaccumulated during larval development in the natal pool into the surrounding terrestrial environment. We documented total mercury (THg) in seasonal woodland pool water, sediment, litter, and&nbsp;</span><i>Lithobates sylvaticus</i><span>&nbsp;LeConte (Wood Frog) in Acadia National Park, ME. THg concentrations in pool water varied over the study season, increasing during April&mdash;June and remaining high in 2 of 4 pools upon October refill. Water in pools surrounded by softwoods had lower pH, greater dissolved organic carbon, and greater THg concentrations than pools surrounded by hardwoods, with seasonal patterns in sediment THg but not litter THg. THg increased rapidly from near or below detection in 1&ndash;2 week old embryos (&lt;0.2 ng; 0&ndash;0.49 ppb wet weight) to 17.1&ndash;54.2 ppb in tadpoles within 6 weeks; 7.2&ndash;42.0% of THg was methyl Hg in tadpoles near metamorphosis. Metamorphs emigrating from seasonal pools may transfer mercury into terrestrial food webs.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Eagle Hill Institute","doi":"10.1656/045.019.0404","usgsCitation":"Loftin, C., Calhoun, A.J., Nelson, S.J., Elskus, A., and Simon, K.S., 2012, Mercury bioaccumulation in wood frogs developing in seasonal pools: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 19, no. 4, p. 579-600, https://doi.org/10.1656/045.019.0404.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"579","endPage":"600","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025519","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323282,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5759420fe4b04f417c2568ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loftin, Cynthia S. 0000-0001-9104-3724 cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3724","contributorId":2167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Cynthia S.","email":"cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":637422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Calhoun, Aram J.K.","contributorId":93829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Calhoun","given":"Aram","email":"","middleInitial":"J.K.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, Sarah J.","contributorId":167269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Elskus, Adria 0000-0003-1192-5124 aelskus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1192-5124","contributorId":130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elskus","given":"Adria","email":"aelskus@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Simon, Kevin S.","contributorId":169713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simon","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70173676,"text":"70173676 - 2012 - Breeding season survival and breeding incidence of female Mottled Ducks on the upper Texas gulf coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-07T15:11:01","indexId":"70173676","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Breeding season survival and breeding incidence of female Mottled Ducks on the upper Texas gulf coast","docAbstract":"<p><span>Previous Mottled Duck (</span><i>Anas fulvigula</i><span>) studies suggested that high female breeding season survival may be caused by low nesting effort, but few breeding season estimates of survival associated with nesting effort exist on the western Gulf Coast. Here, breeding season survival (N = 40) and breeding incidence (N = 39) were estimated for female Mottled Ducks on the upper Texas coast, 2006&ndash;2008. Females were fitted with backpack radio transmitters and visually relocated every 3&ndash;4 days. Weekly survival was estimated using the Known Fate procedure of program MARK with breeding incidence estimated as the annual proportion of females observed nesting or with broods. The top-ranked survival model included a body mass covariate and held weekly female survival constant across weeks and years (S</span><sub>W</sub><span>&nbsp;= 0.986, SE = 0.006). When compared to survival across the entire year estimated from previous band recovery and age ratio analysis, survival rate during the breeding season did not differ. Breeding incidence was well below 100% in all years and highly variable among years (15%&ndash;63%). Breeding season survival and breeding incidence were similar to estimates obtained with implant transmitters from the mid-coast of Texas. The greatest breeding incidence for both studies occurred when drought indices indicated average environmental moisture during the breeding season. The observed combination of low breeding incidence and high breeding season survival support the hypothesis of a trade-off between the ecological cost of nesting effort and survival for Mottled Duck females. Habitat cues that trigger nesting are unknown and should be investigated.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.035.0208","usgsCitation":"Rigby, E.A., and Haukos, D.A., 2012, Breeding season survival and breeding incidence of female Mottled Ducks on the upper Texas gulf coast: Waterbirds, v. 35, no. 2, p. 260-269, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.035.0208.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"260","endPage":"269","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-035536","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323195,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5757f02fe4b04f417c24da28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rigby, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":171479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rigby","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70191838,"text":"70191838 - 2012 - Monitoring subsurface hydrologic response for precipitation-induced shallow landsliding in the San Francisco Bay area, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-15T13:19:15","indexId":"70191838","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Monitoring subsurface hydrologic response for precipitation-induced shallow landsliding in the San Francisco Bay area, California, USA","docAbstract":"Intense winter storms in the San Francisco Bay area (SFBA) of California, USA often trigger shallow landslides. Some of these landslides mobilize into potentially hazardous debris flows. A growing body of research indicates that rainfall intensity-duration thresholds are insufficient for accurate prediction of landslide occurrence. In response, we have begun long-term monitoring of the hydrologic response of land-slide-prone hillslopes to rainfall in several areas of the SFBA. Each monitoring site is equipped with sensors for measuring soil moisture content and piezometric pressure at several soil depths along with a rain gauge connected to a cell phone or satellite telemetered data logger. The data are transmitted in near-real-time, providing the ability to monitor hydrologic conditions before, during, and after storms. Results are guiding the establishment of both antecedent and storm-specific rainfall and moisture content thresholds which must be achieved before landslide-causative positive pore water pressures are generated. Although widespread shallow landsliding has not yet occurred since the deployment of the monitoring sites, several isolated land-slides have been observed in the area of monitoring. The landslides occurred during a period when positive pore water pressures were measured as a result of intense rainfall that followed higher-than-average season precipitation totals. Continued monitoring and analysis will further guide the establishment of more general-ized thresholds for different regions of the SFBA and contribute to the development and calibration of physi-cally-based predictive models.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landslides and engineered slopes: Protecting society through improved understanding, Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Landslides","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"11th International Symposium on Landslides","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Collins, B.D., Stock, J.D., Weber, L.C., Whitman, K., and Knepprath, N., 2012, Monitoring subsurface hydrologic response for precipitation-induced shallow landsliding in the San Francisco Bay area, California, USA, <i>in</i> Landslides and engineered slopes: Protecting society through improved understanding, Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Landslides, p. 1249-1255.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1249","endPage":"1255","ipdsId":"IP-035594","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350039,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a61053ee4b06e28e9c25518","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Brian D. 0000-0003-4881-5359 bcollins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4881-5359","contributorId":149278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Brian","email":"bcollins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stock, Jonathan D. 0000-0001-8565-3577 jstock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8565-3577","contributorId":3648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stock","given":"Jonathan","email":"jstock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weber, Lisa C.","contributorId":124586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":713310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whitman, K.","contributorId":197364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitman","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knepprath, N.","contributorId":197365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knepprath","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70187522,"text":"70187522 - 2012 - Interactive terrain visualization enables virtual field work during rapid scientific response to the 2010 Haiti earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-09T16:19:52","indexId":"70187522","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactive terrain visualization enables virtual field work during rapid scientific response to the 2010 Haiti earthquake","docAbstract":"<p><span>The moment magnitude (M</span><sub>w</sub><span>) 7.0 12 January 2010 Haiti earthquake is the first major earthquake for which a large-footprint LiDAR (light detection and ranging) survey was acquired within several weeks of the event. Here, we describe the use of virtual reality data visualization to analyze massive amounts (67 GB on disk) of multiresolution terrain data during the rapid scientific response to a major natural disaster. In particular, we describe a method for conducting virtual field work using both desktop computers and a 4-sided, 22 m</span><sup>3</sup><span> CAVE immersive virtual reality environment, along with KeckCAVES (Keck Center for Active Visualization in the Earth Sciences) software tools LiDAR Viewer, to analyze LiDAR point-cloud data, and Crusta, for 2.5 dimensional surficial geologic mapping on a bare-earth digital elevation model. This system enabled virtual field work that yielded remote observations of the topographic expression of active faulting within an ∼75-km-long section of the eastern Enriquillo–Plantain Garden fault spanning the 2010 epicenter. Virtual field observations indicated that the geomorphic evidence of active faulting and ancient surface rupture varies along strike. Landform offsets of 6–50 m along the Enriquillo–Plantain Garden fault east of the 2010 epicenter and closest to Port-au-Prince attest to repeated recent surface-rupturing earthquakes there. In the west, the fault trace is well defined by displaced landforms, but it is not as clear as in the east. The 2010 epicenter is within a transition zone between these sections that extends from Grand Goâve in the west to Fayette in the east. Within this transition, between L'Acul (lat 72°40′W) and the Rouillone River (lat 72°35′W), the Enriquillo–Plantain Garden fault is undefined along an embayed low-relief range front, with little evidence of recent surface rupture. Based on the geometry of the eastern and western faults that show evidence of recent surface rupture, we propose that the 2010 event occurred within a stepover that appears to have served as a long-lived boundary between rupture segments, explaining the lack of 2010 surface rupture. This study demonstrates how virtual reality–based data visualization has the potential to transform rapid scientific response by enabling virtual field studies and real-time interactive analysis of massive terrain data sets.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00687.1","usgsCitation":"Cowgill, E., Bernardin, T.S., Oskin, M.E., Bowles, C., Yikilmaz, M.B., Kreylos, O., Elliott, A., Bishop, S., Gold, R.D., Morelan, A., Bawden, G.W., Hamann, B., and Kellogg, L., 2012, Interactive terrain visualization enables virtual field work during rapid scientific response to the 2010 Haiti earthquake: Geosphere, v. 8, no. 4, p. 787-804, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00687.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"787","endPage":"804","ipdsId":"IP-022203","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474178,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00687.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340908,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591183b8e4b0e541a03c1a7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cowgill, Eric","contributorId":16290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cowgill","given":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bernardin, Tony S.","contributorId":191807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bernardin","given":"Tony","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oskin, Michael E.","contributorId":191806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oskin","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bowles, Christopher","contributorId":191803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowles","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yikilmaz, M. Burak","contributorId":191805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yikilmaz","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Burak","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kreylos, Oliver","contributorId":98189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreylos","given":"Oliver","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Elliott, Austin J.","contributorId":191820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elliott","given":"Austin J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bishop, Scott","contributorId":191821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bishop","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gold, Ryan D. 0000-0002-4464-6394 rgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4464-6394","contributorId":3883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gold","given":"Ryan","email":"rgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Morelan, Alexander","contributorId":173909,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morelan","given":"Alexander","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bawden, Gerald W. gbawden@usgs.gov","contributorId":1071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bawden","given":"Gerald","email":"gbawden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Hamann, Bernd","contributorId":191822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamann","given":"Bernd","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kellogg, Louise","contributorId":191823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Louise","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70160341,"text":"70160341 - 2012 - Oxygen demand of aircraft and airfield pavement deicers and alternative freezing point depressants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-17T14:33:24","indexId":"70160341","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oxygen demand of aircraft and airfield pavement deicers and alternative freezing point depressants","docAbstract":"<p><span>Aircraft and pavement deicing formulations and other potential freezing point depressants were tested for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Propylene glycol-based aircraft deicers exhibited greater BOD</span><span>5</span><span>&nbsp;than ethylene glycol-based aircraft deicers, and ethylene glycol-based products had lower degradation rates than propylene glycol-based products. Sodium formate pavement deicers had lower COD than acetate-based pavement deicers. The BOD and COD results for acetate-based pavement deicers (PDMs) were consistently lower than those for aircraft deicers, but degradation rates were greater in the acetate-based PDM than in aircraft deicers. In a 40-day testing of aircraft and pavement deicers, BOD results at 20&deg;C (standard) were consistently greater than the results from 5&deg;C (low) tests. The degree of difference between standard and low temperature BOD results varied among tested products. Freshwater BOD test results were not substantially different from marine water tests at 20&deg;C, but glycols degraded slower in marine water than in fresh water for low temperature tests. Acetate-based products had greater percentage degradation than glycols at both temperatures. An additive component of the sodium formate pavement deicer exhibited toxicity to the microorganisms, so BOD testing did not work properly for this formulation. BOD testing of alternative freezing point depressants worked well for some, there was little response for some, and for others there was a lag in response while microorganisms acclimated to the freezing point depressant as a food source. Where the traditional BOD</span><span>5</span><span>&nbsp;test performed adequately, values ranged from 251 to 1,580&nbsp;g/kg. Where the modified test performed adequately, values of BOD</span><span>28</span><span>&nbsp;ranged from 242 to 1,540&nbsp;g/kg.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11270-011-1036-x","usgsCitation":"Corsi, S., Mericas, D., and Bowman, G., 2012, Oxygen demand of aircraft and airfield pavement deicers and alternative freezing point depressants: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 223, no. 5, p. 2447-2461, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-011-1036-x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"2447","endPage":"2461","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029856","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312469,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"223","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5673eac5e4b0da412f4f825a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Corsi, Steven R. srcorsi@usgs.gov","contributorId":150657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corsi","given":"Steven R.","email":"srcorsi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":582620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mericas, Dean","contributorId":150658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mericas","given":"Dean","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18062,"text":"CH2MHILL, Austin, TX","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bowman, George","contributorId":150664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowman","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17815,"text":"Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70157077,"text":"70157077 - 2012 - Automated measurement of diatom size","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-08T13:39:56","indexId":"70157077","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2622,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Automated measurement of diatom size","docAbstract":"<p><span>Size analysis of diatom populations has not been widely considered, but it is a potentially powerful tool for understanding diatom life histories, population dynamics, and phylogenetic relationships. However, measuring cell dimensions on a light microscope is a time-consuming process. An alternative technique has been developed using digital flow cytometry on a FlowCAM&reg; (Fluid Imaging Technologies) to capture hundreds, or even thousands, of images of a chosen taxon from a single sample in a matter of minutes. Up to 30 morphological measures may be quantified through post-processing of the high resolution images. We evaluated FlowCAM size measurements, comparing them against measurements from a light microscope. We found good agreement between measurement of apical cell length in species with elongated, straight valves, including small&nbsp;</span><i>Achnanthidium minutissimum</i><span>&nbsp;(11-21 &micro;m) and large</span><i>Didymosphenia geminata</i><span>&nbsp;(87&ndash;137 &micro;m) forms. However, a taxon with curved cells,&nbsp;</span><i>Hannaea baicalensis</i><span>&nbsp;(37&ndash;96 &micro;m), showed differences of ~ 4 &micro;m between the two methods. Discrepancies appear to be influenced by the choice of feret or geodesic measurement for asymmetric cells. We describe the operating conditions necessary for analysis of size distributions and present suggestions for optimal instrument conditions for size analysis of diatom samples using the FlowCAM. The increased speed of data acquisition through use of imaging flow cytometers like the FlowCAM is an essential step for advancing studies of diatom populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.4319/lom.2012.10.882","usgsCitation":"Spaulding, S.A., Jewson, D.H., Bixby, R.J., Nelson, H., and McKnight, D.M., 2012, Automated measurement of diatom size: Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, v. 10, p. 882-890, https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2012.10.882.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"882","endPage":"890","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036991","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474120,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2012.10.882","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307952,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f006a8e4b0dacf699e9fed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spaulding, Sarah A. 0000-0002-9787-7743 sspaulding@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9787-7743","contributorId":1157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spaulding","given":"Sarah","email":"sspaulding@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jewson, David H.","contributorId":147390,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jewson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":16835,"text":"Freshwater Laboratory, University of Ulster, United Kingdom","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Bixby, Rebecca J.","contributorId":147389,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bixby","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16834,"text":"Dept. of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, Univ of NM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Nelson, Harry","contributorId":147391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Harry","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16836,"text":"Fluid Imaging Technologies, Inc., Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70043697,"text":"70043697 - 2012 - Annual accumulation over the Greenland ice sheet interpolated from historical and newly compiled observation data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-08T20:39:43","indexId":"70043697","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1768,"text":"Geografiska Annaler, Series A: Physical Geography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Annual accumulation over the Greenland ice sheet interpolated from historical and newly compiled observation data","docAbstract":"The estimation of ice/snow accumulation is of great significance in quantifying the mass balance of ice sheets and variation in water resources. Improving the accuracy and reducing uncertainty has been a challenge for the estimation of annual accumulation over the Greenland ice sheet. In this study, we kriged and analyzed the spatial pattern of accumulation based on an observation data series including 315 points used in a recent research, plus 101 ice cores and snow pits and newly compiled 23 coastal weather station data. The estimated annual accumulation over the Greenland ice sheet is 31.2 g cm<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>, with a standard error of 0.9 g cm<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>. The main differences between the improved map developed in this study and the recently published accumulation maps are in the coastal areas, especially southeast and southwest regions. The analysis of accumulations versus elevation reveals the distribution patterns of accumulation over the Greenland ice sheet.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geografiska Annaler, Series A: Physical Geography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0459.2012.00458.x","usgsCitation":"Shen, D., Liu, Y., and Huang, S., 2012, Annual accumulation over the Greenland ice sheet interpolated from historical and newly compiled observation data: Geografiska Annaler, Series A: Physical Geography, v. 94, no. 3, p. 377-393, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0459.2012.00458.x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"377","endPage":"393","ipdsId":"IP-031311","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270676,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270675,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0459.2012.00458.x"}],"country":"Greenland","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73.0,59.8 ], [ -73.0,83.6 ], [ -11.3,83.6 ], [ -11.3,59.8 ], [ -73.0,59.8 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"94","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5163e6e7e4b0b7010f820164","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shen, Dayong","contributorId":71079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shen","given":"Dayong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Yuling","contributorId":96171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Yuling","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huang, Shengli shuang@usgs.gov","contributorId":1926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"Shengli","email":"shuang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":474116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042783,"text":"sir20125279 - 2012 - Quality of streams in Johnson County, Kansas, 2002--10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-23T14:46:07","indexId":"sir20125279","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5279","title":"Quality of streams in Johnson County, Kansas, 2002--10","docAbstract":"Stream quality in Johnson County, northeastern Kansas, was assessed on the basis of land use, hydrology, stream-water and streambed-sediment chemistry, riparian and in-stream habitat, and periphyton and macroinvertebrate community data collected from 22 sites during 2002 through 2010. Stream conditions at the end of the study period are evaluated and compared to previous years, stream biological communities and physical and chemical conditions are characterized, streams are described relative to Kansas Department of Health and Environment impairment categories and water-quality standards, and environmental factors that most strongly correlate with biological stream quality are evaluated. The information is useful for improving water-quality management programs, documenting changing conditions with time, and evaluating compliance with water-quality standards, total maximum daily loads (TMDLs), National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit conditions, and other established guidelines and goals. Constituent concentrations in water during base flow varied across the study area and 2010 conditions were not markedly different from those measured in 2003, 2004, and 2007. Generally the highest specific conductance and concentrations of dissolved solids and major ions in water occurred at urban sites except the upstream Cedar Creek site, which is rural and has a large area of commercial and industrial land less than 1 mile upstream on both sides of the creek. The highest base-flow nutrient concentrations in water occurred downstream from wastewater treatment facilities. Water chemistry data represent base-flow conditions only, and do not show the variability in concentrations that occurs during stormwater runoff. Constituent concentrations in streambed sediment also varied across the study area and some notable changes occurred from previously collected data. High organic carbon and nutrient concentrations at the rural Big Bull Creek site in 2003 decreased to at least one-fourth of those concentrations in 2007 and 2010 likely because of the reduction in upstream wastewater discharge contributions. The highest concentrations of trace metals in 2010 occurred at urban sites on Mill and Indian Creeks. Zinc was the only metal to exceed the probable effects concentration in 2010, which occurred at a site on Indian Creek. In 2007, chromium and nickel at the upstream urban Cedar Creek site exceeded the probable effects concentrations, and in 2003, no metals exceeded the probable effects concentrations. Of 72 organic compounds analyzed in streambed sediment, 26 were detected including pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), fuel products, fragrances, preservatives, plasticizers, manufacturing byproducts, flame retardants, and disinfectants. All 6 PAH compounds analyzed were detected, and the probable effects concentrations for 4 of the 6 PAH compounds analyzed were exceeded in 2010. Only five pesticide compounds were detected in streambed sediment, including carbazole and four pyrethroid compounds. Chronic toxicity guidelines for pyrethroid compounds were exceeded at five sites. Biological conditions reflected a gradient in urban land use, with the less disturbed streams located in rural areas of Johnson County. About 19 percent of sites in 2010 (four sites) were fully supporting of aquatic life on the basis of the four metrics used by Kansas Department of Health and Environment to categorize sites. This is a notable difference compared to previous years when no sites (in 2003 and 2004) or just one site (in 2007) was fully supporting of aquatic life. Multimetric macroinvertebrate scores improved at the Big Bull Creek site where wastewater discharges were reduced in 2007. Environmental variables that consistently were highly negatively correlated with biological conditions were percent impervious surface and percent urban land use. In addition, density of stormwater outfall points adjacent to streams was significantly negatively correlated with biological conditions. Specific conductance of water and sum of PAH concentrations in streambed sediment also were significantly negatively correlated with biological conditions. Total nitrogen in water and total phosphorus in streambed sediment were correlated with most of the invertebrate variables, which is a notable difference from previous analyses using smaller datasets, in which nutrient relations were weak or not detected. The most important habitat variables were sinuosity, length and continuity of natural buffers, riffle substrate embeddedness, and substrate cover diversity, each of which was correlated with all invertebrate metrics including a 10-metric combined score. Correlation analysis indicated that if riparian and in-stream habitat conditions improve then so might invertebrate communities and stream biological quality. Sixty-two percent of the variance in macroinvertebrate community metrics was explained by the single environmental factor, percent impervious surface. Invertebrate responses to urbanization in Johnson County indicated linearity rather than identifiable thresholds. Multiple linear regression models developed for each of the four macroinvertebrate metrics used to determine aquatic-life-support status indicated that percent impervious surface, as a measure of urban land use, explained 34 to 67 percent of the variability in biological communities. Results indicate that although multiple factors are correlated with stream quality degradation, general urbanization, as indicated by impervious surface area or urban land use, consistently is determined to be the fundamental factor causing change in stream quality. Effects of urbanization on Johnson County streams are similar to effects described in national studies that assess effects of urbanization on stream health. Individually important environmental factors such as specific conductance of water, PAHs in streambed sediment, and stream buffer conditions, are affected by urbanization and, collectively, all contribute to stream impairments. Policies and management practices that may be most important in protecting the health of streams in Johnson County are those minimizing the effects of impervious surface, protecting stream corridors, and decreasing the loads of sediment, nutrients, and toxic chemicals that directly enter streams through stormwater runoff and discharges.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125279","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Johnson County Stormwater Management Program","usgsCitation":"Rasmussen, T.J., Stone, M.S., Poulton, B.C., and Graham, J.L., 2012, Quality of streams in Johnson County, Kansas, 2002--10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5279, vii, 103 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.), https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125279.","productDescription":"vii, 103 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.)","startPage":"i","endPage":"103","numberOfPages":"116","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266322,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5279/sir12_5279.pdf"},{"id":266320,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5279/"},{"id":266323,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/SIR_2012_5279.GIF"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","county":"Johnson County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.0565,38.7376 ], [ -95.0565,39.0616 ], [ -94.6074,39.0616 ], [ -94.6074,38.7376 ], [ -95.0565,38.7376 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5101147be4b033b1feeb2c08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rasmussen, Teresa J. 0000-0002-7023-3868 rasmuss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7023-3868","contributorId":3336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Teresa","email":"rasmuss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, Mandy S.","contributorId":97791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Mandy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poulton, Barry C. 0000-0002-7219-4911 bpoulton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7219-4911","contributorId":2421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poulton","given":"Barry","email":"bpoulton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graham, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-6420-9335 jlgraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-9335","contributorId":1769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlgraham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042777,"text":"70042777 - 2012 - Ecological effects of climate change on salt marsh wildlife: a case study from a highly urbanized estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:20:56","indexId":"70042777","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological effects of climate change on salt marsh wildlife: a case study from a highly urbanized estuary","docAbstract":"Coastal areas are high-risk zones subject to the impacts of global climate change, with significant increases in the frequencies of extreme weather and storm events, and sea-level rise forecast by 2100. These physical processes are expected to alter estuaries, resulting in loss of intertidal wetlands and their component wildlife species. In particular, impacts to salt marshes and their wildlife will vary both temporally and spatially and may be irreversible and severe. Synergistic effects caused by combining stressors with anthropogenic land-use patterns could create areas of significant biodiversity loss and extinction, especially in urbanized estuaries that are already heavily degraded. In this paper, we discuss current ideas, challenges, and concerns regarding the maintenance of salt marshes and their resident wildlife in light of future climate conditions. We suggest that many salt marsh habitats are already impaired and are located where upslope transgression is restricted, resulting in reduction and loss of these habitats in the future. In addition, we conclude that increased inundation frequency and water depth will have negative impacts on the demography of small or isolated wildlife meta-populations as well as their community interactions. We illustrate our points with a case study on the Pacific Coast of North America at San Pablo Bay National Wildlife Refuge in California, an area that supports endangered wildlife species reliant on salt marshes for all aspects of their life histories.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-11-00136.1","usgsCitation":"Thorne, K.M., Takekawa, J.Y., and Elliott-Fisk, D., 2012, Ecological effects of climate change on salt marsh wildlife: a case study from a highly urbanized estuary: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 28, no. 6, p. 1477-1487, https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-11-00136.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1477","endPage":"1487","ipdsId":"IP-030907","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272056,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272055,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-11-00136.1"}],"volume":"28","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518a2266e4b061e1bd533384","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorne, Karen M. 0000-0002-1381-0657 kthorne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-0657","contributorId":4191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorne","given":"Karen","email":"kthorne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elliott-Fisk, Deborah L.","contributorId":46859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott-Fisk","given":"Deborah L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042833,"text":"70042833 - 2012 - Luna B. Leopold--pioneer setting the stage for modern hydrology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-24T12:43:05","indexId":"70042833","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Luna B. Leopold--pioneer setting the stage for modern hydrology","docAbstract":"In 1986, during the first year of graduate school, the lead author was sampling the water from a pitcher pump in front of “The Shack,” the setting of the opening essays in Aldo Leopold's renowned book A Sand County Almanac. The sampling was part of my Master's work that included quarterly monitoring of water quality on the Leopold Memorial Reserve (LMR) near Baraboo, Wisconsin. The Shack was already a well-known landmark, and it was common to come upon visitors and hikers there. As such, I took no special note of the man who approached me as I was filling sample bottles and asked, as was typical, “What are you doing?”","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00994.x","usgsCitation":"Hunt, R.J., and Meine, C., 2012, Luna B. Leopold--pioneer setting the stage for modern hydrology: Ground Water, v. 50, no. 6, p. 966-970, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00994.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"966","endPage":"970","ipdsId":"IP-038760","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274105,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274104,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00994.x"}],"volume":"50","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51c96a69e4b0a50a6e8f5829","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meine, Curt","contributorId":38881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meine","given":"Curt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70042839,"text":"70042839 - 2012 - Conceptual model of sedimentation in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-05T18:03:09.591392","indexId":"70042839","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3331,"text":"San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conceptual model of sedimentation in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta","docAbstract":"Sedimentation in the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta builds the Delta landscape, creates benthic and pelagic habitat, and transports sediment-associated contaminants. Here we present a conceptual model of sedimentation that includes submodels for river supply from the watershed to the Delta, regional transport within the Delta and seaward exchange, and local sedimentation in open water and marsh habitats. The model demonstrates feedback loops that affect the Delta ecosystem. Submerged and emergent marsh vegetation act as ecosystem engineers that can create a positive feedback loop by decreasing suspended sediment, increasing water column light, which in turn enables more vegetation. Sea-level rise in open water is partially countered by a negative feedback loop that increases deposition if there is a net decrease in hydrodynamic energy. Manipulation of regional sediment transport is probably the most feasible method to control suspended sediment and thus turbidity. The conceptual model is used to identify information gaps that need to be filled to develop an accurate sediment transport model.","language":"English","publisher":"University of California","doi":"10.15447/sfews.2012v10iss3art3","usgsCitation":"Schoellhamer, D., Wright, S., and Drexler, J., 2012, Conceptual model of sedimentation in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta: San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science, v. 10, no. 3, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2012v10iss3art3.","productDescription":"25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-021663","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2012v10iss3art3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381885,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.53,37.15 ], [ -123.53,38.85 ], [ -120.83,38.85 ], [ -120.83,37.15 ], [ -123.53,37.15 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51751748e4b074c2b05564b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, Scott 0000-0002-0387-5713 sawright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0387-5713","contributorId":1536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Scott","email":"sawright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drexler, Judith Z. 0000-0002-0127-3866","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-3866","contributorId":8941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"Judith Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042756,"text":"70042756 - 2012 - A process-based hierarchical framework for monitoring glaciated alpine headwaters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-26T19:44:28","indexId":"70042756","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A process-based hierarchical framework for monitoring glaciated alpine headwaters","docAbstract":"Recent studies have demonstrated the geomorphic complexity and wide range of hydrologic regimes found in alpine headwater channels that provide complex habitats for aquatic taxa. These geohydrologic elements are fundamental to better understand patterns in species assemblages and indicator taxa and are necessary to aquatic monitoring protocols that aim to track changes in physical conditions. Complex physical variables shape many biological and ecological traits, including life history strategies, but these mechanisms can only be understood if critical physical variables are adequately represented within the sampling framework. To better align sampling design protocols with current geohydrologic knowledge, we present a conceptual framework that incorporates regional-scale conditions, basin-scale longitudinal profiles, valley-scale glacial macroform structure, valley segment-scale (i.e., colluvial, alluvial, and bedrock), and reach-scale channel types. At the valley segment- and reach-scales, these hierarchical levels are associated with differences in streamflow and sediment regime, water source contribution and water temperature. Examples of linked physical-ecological hypotheses placed in a landscape context and a case study using the proposed framework are presented to demonstrate the usefulness of this approach for monitoring complex temporal and spatial patterns and processes in glaciated basins. This approach is meant to aid in comparisons between mountain regions on a global scale and to improve management of potentially endangered alpine species affected by climate change and other stressors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00267-012-9957-8","usgsCitation":"Weekes, A.A., Torgersen, C., Montgomery, D.R., Woodward, A., and Bolton, S.M., 2012, A process-based hierarchical framework for monitoring glaciated alpine headwaters: Environmental Management, v. 50, no. 6, p. 982-997, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9957-8.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"982","endPage":"997","ipdsId":"IP-030293","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268422,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268421,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9957-8"}],"volume":"50","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4a5be4b0b290850efb8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weekes, Anne A.","contributorId":11870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weekes","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torgersen, Christian E. 0000-0001-8325-2737","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2737","contributorId":48143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"Christian E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Montgomery, David R.","contributorId":67389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woodward, Andrea 0000-0003-0604-9115 awoodward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-9115","contributorId":3028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Andrea","email":"awoodward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bolton, Susan M.","contributorId":76987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolton","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70042900,"text":"70042900 - 2012 - Anisotropic path modeling to assess pedestrian-evacuation potential from Cascadia-related tsunamis in the US Pacific Northwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-13T18:49:07","indexId":"70042900","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anisotropic path modeling to assess pedestrian-evacuation potential from Cascadia-related tsunamis in the US Pacific Northwest","docAbstract":"Recent disasters highlight the threat that tsunamis pose to coastal communities. When developing tsunami-education efforts and vertical-evacuation strategies, emergency managers need to understand how much time it could take for a coastal population to reach higher ground before tsunami waves arrive. To improve efforts to model pedestrian evacuations from tsunamis, we examine the sensitivity of least-cost-distance models to variations in modeling approaches, data resolutions, and travel-rate assumptions. We base our observations on the assumption that an anisotropic approach that uses path-distance algorithms and accounts for variations in land cover and directionality in slope is the most realistic of an actual evacuation landscape. We focus our efforts on the Long Beach Peninsula in Washington (USA), where a substantial residential and tourist population is threatened by near-field tsunamis related to a potential Cascadia subduction zone earthquake. Results indicate thousands of people are located in areas where evacuations to higher ground will be difficult before arrival of the first tsunami wave. Deviations from anisotropic modeling assumptions substantially influence the amount of time likely needed to reach higher ground. Across the entire study, changes in resolution of elevation data has a greater impact on calculated travel times than changes in land-cover resolution. In particular areas, land-cover resolution had a substantial impact when travel-inhibiting waterways were not reflected in small-scale data. Changes in travel-speed parameters had a substantial impact also, suggesting the importance of public-health campaigns as a tsunami risk-reduction strategy.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural Hazards","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s11069-011-9994-2","usgsCitation":"Wood, N.J., and Schmidtlein, M.C., 2012, Anisotropic path modeling to assess pedestrian-evacuation potential from Cascadia-related tsunamis in the US Pacific Northwest: Natural Hazards, v. 62, no. 2, p. 275-300, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-9994-2.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"275","endPage":"300","ipdsId":"IP-028922","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474157,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-9994-2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":270877,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270876,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-9994-2"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Long Beach Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.84,45.54 ], [ -124.84,49.0 ], [ -116.92,49.0 ], [ -116.92,45.54 ], [ -124.84,45.54 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"62","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4d40e4b0b290850f16d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Nathan J. 0000-0002-6060-9729 nwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-9729","contributorId":3347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Nathan","email":"nwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidtlein, Mathew C.","contributorId":90999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidtlein","given":"Mathew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70042741,"text":"70042741 - 2012 - A perspective on modern pesticides, pelagic fish declines, and unknown ecological resilience in highly managed ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-30T14:15:29.322183","indexId":"70042741","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A perspective on modern pesticides, pelagic fish declines, and unknown ecological resilience in highly managed ecosystems","docAbstract":"Pesticides applied on land are commonly transported by runoff or spray drift to aquatic ecosystems, where they are potentially toxic to fishes and other nontarget organisms. Pesticides add to and interact with other stressors of ecosystem processes, including surface-water diversions, losses of spawning and rearing habitats, nonnative species, and harmful algal blooms. Assessing the cumulative effects of pesticides on species or ecological functions has been difficult for historical, legal, conceptual, and practical reasons. To explore these challenges, we examine current-use (modern) pesticides and their potential connections to the abundances of fishes in the San Francisco Estuary (California). Declines in delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus), Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), and other species have triggered mandatory and expensive management actions in the urbanizing estuary and agriculturally productive Central Valley. Our inferences are transferable to other situations in which toxics may drive changes in ecological status and trends.","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Biological Sciences","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1525/bio.2012.62.4.13","usgsCitation":"Scholz, N.L., Fleishman, E., Brown, L., Werner, I., Johnson, M.L., Brooks, M.L., Mitchelmore, C., and Schlenk, D., 2012, A perspective on modern pesticides, pelagic fish declines, and unknown ecological resilience in highly managed ecosystems: BioScience, v. 62, no. 4, p. 428-434, https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2012.62.4.13.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"428","endPage":"434","ipdsId":"IP-021615","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474154,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2012.62.4.13","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":268394,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.4,32.5 ], [ -124.4,42.0 ], [ -114.1,42.0 ], [ -114.1,32.5 ], [ -124.4,32.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"62","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4a42e4b0b290850efa8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scholz, Nathaniel L.","contributorId":51618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholz","given":"Nathaniel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleishman, Erica","contributorId":11863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleishman","given":"Erica","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Larry 0000-0001-6702-4531","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":69398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Werner, Inge","contributorId":38030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werner","given":"Inge","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Michael L.","contributorId":97781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brooks, Marjorie L.","contributorId":30108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Marjorie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mitchelmore, Carys L.","contributorId":28499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchelmore","given":"Carys L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schlenk, Daniel","contributorId":99845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlenk","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70044270,"text":"70044270 - 2012 - Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-23T13:14:56","indexId":"70044270","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle","docAbstract":"In the Arctic Ocean, the cold and relatively fresh water beneath the sea ice is separated from the underlying warmer and saltier Atlantic Layer by a halocline. Ongoing sea ice loss and warming in the Arctic Ocean have demonstrated the instability of the halocline, with implications for further sea ice loss. The stability of the halocline through past climate variations is unclear. Here we estimate intermediate water temperatures over the past 50,000 years from the Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca values of ostracods from 31 Arctic sediment cores. From about 50 to 11 kyr ago, the central Arctic Basin from 1,000 to 2,500 m was occupied by a water mass we call Glacial Arctic Intermediate Water. This water mass was 1–2 °C warmer than modern Arctic Intermediate Water, with temperatures peaking during or just before millennial-scale Heinrich cold events and the Younger Dryas cold interval. We use numerical modelling to show that the intermediate depth warming could result from the expected decrease in the flux of fresh water to the Arctic Ocean during glacial conditions, which would cause the halocline to deepen and push the warm Atlantic Layer into intermediate depths. Although not modelled, the reduced formation of cold, deep waters due to the exposure of the Arctic continental shelf could also contribute to the intermediate depth warming.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature Geoscience","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/ngeo1557","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.M., Dwyer, G.S., Farmer, J., Bauch, H., Spielhagen, R., Jakobsson, M., Nilsson, J., Briggs, W.M., and Stepanova, A., 2012, Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle: Nature Geoscience, v. 5, p. 631-634, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1557.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"631","endPage":"634","ipdsId":"IP-034585","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/d83777bd","text":"External Repository"},{"id":271398,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271397,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1557"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic Ocean","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,70.0 ], [ -180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,70.0 ], [ -180.0,70.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5177ad64e4b095699adf274d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":475217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dwyer, G. S.","contributorId":39951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farmer, J.","contributorId":26419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bauch, H.A.","contributorId":46860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauch","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Spielhagen, R.F.","contributorId":97797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spielhagen","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jakobsson, M.","contributorId":86970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jakobsson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nilsson, J.","contributorId":97798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nilsson","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Briggs, W. M. Jr.","contributorId":60249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Stepanova, A.","contributorId":69441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stepanova","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70042904,"text":"70042904 - 2012 - Hotspot: the Snake River Geothermal Drilling Project--initial report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T11:42:40","indexId":"70042904","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1827,"text":"Geothermal Resources Council Transactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hotspot: the Snake River Geothermal Drilling Project--initial report","docAbstract":"The Snake River volcanic province (SRP) overlies a thermal anomaly that extends deep into the mantle; it represents one of the highest heat flow provinces in North America. The primary goal of this project is to evaluate geothermal potential in three distinct settings: (1) Kimama site: inferred high sub-aquifer geothermal gradient associated with the intrusion of mafic magmas, (2) Kimberly site: a valley-margin setting where surface heat flow may be driven by the up-flow of hot fluids along buried caldera ringfault complexes, and (3) Mountain Home site: a more traditional fault-bounded basin with thick sedimentary cover. The Kimama hole, on the axial volcanic zone, penetrated 1912 m of basalt with minor intercalated sediment; no rhyolite basement was encountered. Temperatures are isothermal through the aquifer (to 960 m), then rise steeply on a super-conductive gradient to an estimated bottom hole temperature of ~98°C. The Kimberly hole is on the inferred margin of a buried rhyolite eruptive center, penetrated rhyolite with intercalated basalt and sediment to a TD of 1958 m. Temperatures are isothermal at 55-60°C below 400 m, suggesting an immense passive geothermal resource. The Mountain Home hole is located above the margin of a buried gravity high in the western SRP. It penetrates a thick section of basalt and lacustrine sediment overlying altered basalt flows, hyaloclastites, and volcanic sediments, with a TD of 1821 m. Artesian flow of geothermal water from 1745 m depth documents a power-grade resource that is now being explored in more detail. In-depth studies continue at all three sites, complemented by high-resolution gravity, magnetic, and seismic surveys, and by downhole geophysical logging.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geothermal Resources Council Transactions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geothermal Resources Council","usgsCitation":"Shervais, J., Nielson, D., Lachmar, T., Christiansen, E.H., Morgan, L., Shanks, W., Delahunty, C., Schmitt, D., Liberty, L., Blackwell, D., Glen, J.M., Kessler, J., Potter, K., Jean, M., Sant, C., and Freeman, T., 2012, Hotspot: the Snake River Geothermal Drilling Project--initial report: Geothermal Resources Council Transactions, v. 36, p. 767-772.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"767","endPage":"772","ipdsId":"IP-042002","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273198,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273197,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.geothermal-library.org/index.php?mode=pubs&action=view&record=1030315"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Snake River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.0,40.75 ], [ -119.0,45.25 ], [ -109.66,45.25 ], [ -109.66,40.75 ], [ -119.0,40.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"36","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51af0c6ae4b08a3322c2c2f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shervais, J.W.","contributorId":14867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shervais","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nielson, D.","contributorId":55314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielson","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lachmar, T.","contributorId":99026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lachmar","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Christiansen, E. H.","contributorId":65077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morgan, L.","contributorId":13119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shanks, Wayne C.","contributorId":39419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanks","given":"Wayne C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Delahunty, C.","contributorId":92148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delahunty","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schmitt, D.R.","contributorId":29719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Liberty, L.M.","contributorId":58749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liberty","given":"L.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Blackwell, D.D.","contributorId":20905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwell","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Glen, J. M.","contributorId":37338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glen","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kessler, J.A.","contributorId":87841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kessler","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Potter, K.E.","contributorId":62111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Jean, M.M.","contributorId":73486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jean","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Sant, C.J.","contributorId":99864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sant","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Freeman, T.","contributorId":105198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}}
,{"id":70040205,"text":"70040205 - 2012 - Invertebrate assemblages in the lower Klamath River, with reference to Manayunkia speciosa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-19T11:47:18","indexId":"70040205","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Invertebrate assemblages in the lower Klamath River, with reference to Manayunkia speciosa","docAbstract":"<p>The freshwater polychaete, Manayunkia speciosa Leidy (Canalipalpata Sabellidae), is the intermediate host for two myxozoan pathogens (Ceratomyxa shasta and Parvicapsula minibicornis) that cause substantial mortalities of juvenile salmon in the Pacific Northwest, particularly in the Klamath River below Iron Gate Dam in California. Information on the distribution of M. speciosa in the Klamath River may facilitate targeted control of polychaete populations to disrupt the parasites that affect fish populations. We sampled invertebrate assemblages in the lower Klamath River in the summer and fall of 2005 and 2006 to estimate distribution patterns of M. speciosa and to characterize assemblage structure of invertebrates in reaches where the polychaete was both collected and not collected. The polychaete was most often found in a reach of river extending 100 km downstream from the Shasta River (river km 185-287). The reach in which it was found supported high taxonomic richness of invertebrates and a high abundance of filtering collectors including marine relicts such as sponges, unioinid mussels, and bryozoans. We suggest that the large, stable substrate on which these were found represents primary, optimal habitat for the polychaete, also a marine relict. Reaches above and below the zone where we collected polychaetes showed a general trend of reduced taxonomic richness as distance away from the polychaete zone increased, and also showed differing relative abundances of non-insect taxa and functional feeding groups. Differences in invertebrate assemblages between years were coincident with large differences in water flows. We suggest flows and food resources may play important roles in invertebrate distribution patterns.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"California Fish and Game","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","publisherLocation":"Sacramento, CA","usgsCitation":"Malakauskas, D.M., and Wilzbach, M.A., 2012, Invertebrate assemblages in the lower Klamath River, with reference to Manayunkia speciosa: California Fish and Game, v. 98, no. 4, p. 214-235.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"214","endPage":"235","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038847","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":269840,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269839,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Publications/Journal/Contents"}],"country":"United States","volume":"98","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"514c2be6e4b0cf4196fef310","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malakauskas, David M.","contributorId":43247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malakauskas","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilzbach, Margaret A.","contributorId":76981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilzbach","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70038087,"text":"70038087 - 2012 - Estimating discharge measurement uncertainty using the interpolated variance estimator","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-20T20:19:00","indexId":"70038087","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2338,"text":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating discharge measurement uncertainty using the interpolated variance estimator","docAbstract":"Methods for quantifying the uncertainty in discharge measurements typically identify various sources of uncertainty and then estimate the uncertainty from each of these sources by applying the results of empirical or laboratory studies. If actual measurement conditions are not consistent with those encountered in the empirical or laboratory studies, these methods may give poor estimates of discharge uncertainty. This paper presents an alternative method for estimating discharge measurement uncertainty that uses statistical techniques and at-site observations. This Interpolated Variance Estimator (IVE) estimates uncertainty based on the data collected during the streamflow measurement and therefore reflects the conditions encountered at the site. The IVE has the additional advantage of capturing all sources of random uncertainty in the velocity and depth measurements. It can be applied to velocity-area discharge measurements that use a velocity meter to measure point velocities at multiple vertical sections in a channel cross section.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000695","usgsCitation":"Cohn, T., Kiang, J., and Mason, R., 2012, Estimating discharge measurement uncertainty using the interpolated variance estimator: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 139, no. 5, p. 502-510, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000695.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"502","endPage":"510","ipdsId":"IP-022663","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269975,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269974,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000695"}],"volume":"139","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5150207ee4b08df5cb131360","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cohn, T.","contributorId":95353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohn","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kiang, J.","contributorId":31280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiang","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mason, R. Jr.","contributorId":80155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"R.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70043050,"text":"70043050 - 2012 - Elemental mapping by Dawn reveals exogenic H in Vesta's regolith","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-09T14:28:01","indexId":"70043050","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elemental mapping by Dawn reveals exogenic H in Vesta's regolith","docAbstract":"Using Dawn’s Gamma Ray and Neutron Detector, we tested models of Vesta’s evolution based on studies of howardite, eucrite, and diogenite (HED) meteorites. Global Fe/O and Fe/Si ratios are consistent with HED compositions. Neutron measurements confirm that a thick, diogenitic lower crust is exposed in the Rheasilvia basin, which is consistent with global magmatic differentiation. Vesta’s regolith contains substantial amounts of hydrogen. The highest hydrogen concentrations coincide with older, low-albedo regions near the equator, where water ice is unstable. The young, Rheasilvia basin contains the lowest concentrations. These observations are consistent with gradual accumulation of hydrogen by infall of carbonaceous chondrites—observed as clasts in some howardites—and subsequent removal or burial of this material by large impacts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.1225354","usgsCitation":"Prettyman, T.H., Mittlefehldt, D.W., Yamashita, N., Lawrence, D.J., Beck, A.W., Feldman, W.C., McCoy, T.J., McSween, H.Y., Toplis, M.J., Titus, T.N., Tricarico, P., Reedy, R., Hendricks, J.S., Forni, O., Le Corre, L., Li, J., Mizzon, H., Reddy, V., Raymond, C.A., and Russell, C.T., 2012, Elemental mapping by Dawn reveals exogenic H in Vesta's regolith: Science, v. 338, no. 6104, p. 242-246, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1225354.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"242","endPage":"246","ipdsId":"IP-039696","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology 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