{"pageNumber":"6479","pageRowStart":"161950","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184904,"records":[{"id":70224595,"text":"70224595 - 1969 - Lake eutrophication— A natural process","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-29T15:19:16.664451","indexId":"70224595","displayToPublicDate":"1969-12-01T10:10:34","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7168,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lake eutrophication— A natural process","docAbstract":"

Lake eutrophication is an economic, recreational, and aesthetic problem that affects every lake of the world. Eutrophication is the natural process of lake aging, and progresses irrespective of man's activities. Pollution, however, can hasten the natural rate of aging and shorten the life expectancy of a body of water. The eutrophication of a lake consists of the gradual progression from one life stage to another based on the degree of nourishment or productivity. The extinction of a lake is attributed to enrichment by nutritive materials, biological productivity, decay, and sedimentation. Presently used methods for retarding eutrophication are the abatement of cultural enrichment, treatment of eutrophic symptoms, and control of fundamental causes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1969.tb04920.x","usgsCitation":"Greeson, P.E., 1969, Lake eutrophication— A natural process: Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA), v. 5, no. 4, p. 16-30, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1969.tb04920.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389961,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greeson, Phillip E.","contributorId":25556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greeson","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70224594,"text":"70224594 - 1969 - Relation of sea water to fresh water in carbonate rocks in coastal areas, with special reference to Florida, U.S.A., and Cephalonia (Kephallinia), Greece","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-29T15:08:35.706105","indexId":"70224594","displayToPublicDate":"1969-12-01T09:51:16","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relation of sea water to fresh water in carbonate rocks in coastal areas, with special reference to Florida, U.S.A., and Cephalonia (Kephallinia), Greece","docAbstract":"

The principles controlling the equilibrium between the denser salty water and the lighter fresh water in coastal aquifers apply to carbonate as well as sand systems. However, under certain equilibrium conditions of fresh and salt water in parts of some carbonate aquifers unusual hydrologic phenomena result. Hydrologic conditions at Tarpon Springs, Florida, and Cephalonia, Greece, include deep vertical openings as sinkholes through a relatively impervious part of the aquifer system. In both cases the tops of the sinkholes or natural wells are exposed to sea water. At Tarpon Springs the dynamic equilibrium between salt water and fresh water fluctuates so that the flow of salt water from the spring to a lake 2 miles away is sometimes reversed. At Cephalonia, the head of fresh water does not exceed the head of salty water in the sinkholes; the flow of sea water into the aquifer, aided by a shallow channel from the sea, is continuous, and the water level in the sinkhole is continuously depressed below sea level. Both cases represent a partially confined U-tube system where water at the seaward, sinkhole end is denser than at the other end and where a low fresh-water head is less than the salt-water head.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier B. V.","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(69)90086-9","usgsCitation":"Stringfield, V.T., and LeGrand, H.E., 1969, Relation of sea water to fresh water in carbonate rocks in coastal areas, with special reference to Florida, U.S.A., and Cephalonia (Kephallinia), Greece: Journal of Hydrology, v. 9, no. 4, p. 387-404, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(69)90086-9.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"387","endPage":"404","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389958,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Greece, United States","state":"Cephalonia, Florida","county":"Pinellas County","city":"Argostoli, Tarpon Springs","otherGeospatial":"Argostolion, Ionian Islands, Lake Tarpon, Tarpon Springs","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.81356811523438,\n 28.072889097746774\n ],\n [\n -82.68516540527344,\n 28.072889097746774\n ],\n [\n -82.68516540527344,\n 28.187638430515555\n ],\n [\n -82.81356811523438,\n 28.187638430515555\n ],\n [\n -82.81356811523438,\n 28.072889097746774\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 20.478515625,\n 38.19731500033766\n ],\n [\n 20.463924407958984,\n 38.19191855035254\n ],\n [\n 20.47473907470703,\n 38.17478217139536\n ],\n [\n 20.47199249267578,\n 38.15602198733136\n ],\n [\n 20.485382080078125,\n 38.14481756111573\n ],\n [\n 20.509243011474606,\n 38.161016176890456\n ],\n [\n 20.478515625,\n 38.19731500033766\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stringfield, V. T.","contributorId":72369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stringfield","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LeGrand, H. E.","contributorId":54571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeGrand","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70224267,"text":"70224267 - 1969 - Potassium-argon ages on lavas of Kohala Volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-16T14:44:49.826939","indexId":"70224267","displayToPublicDate":"1969-12-01T09:36:28","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potassium-argon ages on lavas of Kohala Volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"

Kohala Mountain is regarded as the oldest volcano on the island of Hawaii. Potassium-argon ages on three lavas of the Hawi Volcanic Series, the youngest sequence of lavas on Kohala, range from 0.14 to 0.20m.y. and indicate that volcanism ceased in the very late Pleistocene.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[2597:PAOLOK]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"McDougall, I., 1969, Potassium-argon ages on lavas of Kohala Volcano, Hawaii: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 80, no. 12, p. 2597-6000, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[2597:PAOLOK]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"2597","endPage":"6000","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389344,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kohala Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.59730529785156,\n 20.122997556207757\n ],\n [\n -155.73532104492188,\n 20.207434361592743\n ],\n [\n -155.7854461669922,\n 20.125576455270572\n ],\n [\n -155.7586669921875,\n 20.106878473636236\n ],\n [\n -155.72776794433594,\n 20.063671148180106\n ],\n [\n -155.6494903564453,\n 20.033999524160667\n ],\n [\n -155.6069183349609,\n 20.051416157162073\n ],\n [\n -155.61859130859375,\n 20.0772150245102\n ],\n [\n -155.59730529785156,\n 20.122997556207757\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDougall, Ian","contributorId":104347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDougall","given":"Ian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70224559,"text":"70224559 - 1969 - Mean streamflow from discharge measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-27T17:22:47.671228","indexId":"70224559","displayToPublicDate":"1969-12-01T07:44:09","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5334,"text":"International Association of Scientific Hydrology - Bulletin ","onlineIssn":"2150-3435","printIssn":"0262-6667","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mean streamflow from discharge measurements","docAbstract":"

Mean flow of a stream is usually computed from a continuous record of flow ai a gaging station. A less costly method consists of (1) estimating 12 individual monthly flows from one discharge measurement per month and a concurrent gaging station record on a nearby stream, using a different relation for each month, (2) computing the annual mean from the estimated monthly means, and (3) using a relation based on gaging station records to estimate the long-term mean from the one annual mean. An annual mean can be estimated within about 10 percent of its measured value even though both the gaged and ungaged streams are affected by diversions and have different runoff characteristics. The method has greatest utility in regions where mean runoff is not closely related to drainage area.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02626666909493757","usgsCitation":"Riggs, H.C., 1969, Mean streamflow from discharge measurements: International Association of Scientific Hydrology - Bulletin , v. 14, no. 4, p. 95-110, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626666909493757.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"95","endPage":"110","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02626666909493757","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":389820,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Nevada, Washington","city":"Contact, Elk City, Three Creek, Yellow Pine","otherGeospatial":"East Fork Bruneau River, East Fork Jarbidge River, Fish Creek, Johnson Creek, Salmon Falls Creek, South Fork Clearwater River, Tailholt Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.45581054687499,\n 46.66451741754235\n ],\n [\n -108.226318359375,\n 46.66451741754235\n ],\n [\n -108.226318359375,\n 48.99463598353405\n ],\n [\n -113.45581054687499,\n 48.99463598353405\n ],\n [\n -113.45581054687499,\n 46.66451741754235\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.9107666015625,\n 41.017210578228436\n ],\n [\n -112.91748046874999,\n 41.017210578228436\n ],\n [\n -112.91748046874999,\n 43.13306116240612\n ],\n [\n -117.9107666015625,\n 43.13306116240612\n ],\n [\n -117.9107666015625,\n 41.017210578228436\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riggs, H. C.","contributorId":17210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riggs","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":824055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70206436,"text":"70206436 - 1969 - Merumite occurrence in Guyana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-04T07:33:45","indexId":"70206436","displayToPublicDate":"1969-12-01T07:25:57","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Merumite occurrence in Guyana","title":"Merumite occurrence in Guyana","docAbstract":"

Merumite was discovered with associated diamonds and gold in 1937 in gravels of the Merume River in Guyana. It was described as essentially a hydrous chromium oxide that contains more than 80 percent Cr2Oa. Milton and Chao in 1958 found it to be a complex aggregate, mainly eskolaite (Cr2Oa) with five or more new chromium minerals which have recently been identified. The deposit is unique. The richest gravel, averaging several ounces merumite per cubic yard, extends about 2 miles along the base of an east-dipping (35°) ridge of sandstone and ash beds, perhaps an outlier of the Precambrian Roraima Formation that forms bold mountainous scarps a few miles south. No chromium mineralization has been observed in the ridge or anywhere in the region, other than the merumite in the placer gravel. Merumite commonly occurs as grains a few millimeters across, but specimens as large as 10 cm have been found. Almost all the merumite is in rounded grains, many with broken worn edges, indicating wear in transport. Granular gold is enclosed in merumite, as is chromian pyrophyllite. Many merumite grains have impressions, and some contain crystals, of doubly terminated \"needle\" quartz. Water-worn gorceixite, rutile, tourmaline-quartz fels, jasper, euhedral glassy quartz (as much as several centimeters long), and fragments of basaltic rock accompany merumite at all localities; rarely, gold and diamonds are associated in the placers. Merumite was probably derived from a local moderate-temperature hydrothermal deposit possibly formed in the adjacent sandstone-volcanic ash bed from solutions related to local ash deposits and massive gabbro-dolerite intrusive bodies in the Roraima Formation. If the deposit was formed at depths of less than a few thousand feet, erosion may have reached it and re-deposited the merumite and accompanying resistant minerals, mostly'quartz and jasper, in local stream beds. © 1969 Society of Economic Geologists, Inc.

","language":"English ","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.64.8.910","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Milton, C., and Narain, S., 1969, Merumite occurrence in Guyana: Economic Geology, v. 64, no. 8, p. 910-914, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.64.8.910.","productDescription":"5 p. ","startPage":"910","endPage":"914","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":368914,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Guyana ","otherGeospatial":"Merume River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -59.3756103515625,\n 5.4683637496808535\n ],\n [\n -57.864990234375,\n 5.4683637496808535\n ],\n [\n -57.864990234375,\n 7.035475652433024\n ],\n [\n -59.3756103515625,\n 7.035475652433024\n ],\n [\n -59.3756103515625,\n 5.4683637496808535\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1969-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milton, C.","contributorId":37472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milton","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Narain, S","contributorId":220228,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Narain","given":"S","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70224554,"text":"70224554 - 1969 - Publication, microfilm, microcard, microfiche, and the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-27T12:09:50.122916","indexId":"70224554","displayToPublicDate":"1969-12-01T07:05:05","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3510,"text":"Systematic Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Publication, microfilm, microcard, microfiche, and the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Systematic Zoology","doi":"10.2307/2412203","usgsCitation":"Yochelson, E.L., 1969, Publication, microfilm, microcard, microfiche, and the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature: Systematic Biology, v. 18, no. 4, p. 476-480, https://doi.org/10.2307/2412203.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"476","endPage":"480","costCenters":[{"id":530,"text":"Paleontology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":389801,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yochelson, Ellis L.","contributorId":90802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yochelson","given":"Ellis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1003980,"text":"1003980 - 1969 - Yersinia philomiragia sp. n., a new member of the Pasteurella group of bacteria, naturally pathogenic for the muskrat (Ondatra zibethica)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-03T16:06:45.10242","indexId":"1003980","displayToPublicDate":"1969-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2192,"text":"Journal of Bacteriology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Yersinia philomiragia sp. n., a new member of the Pasteurella group of bacteria, naturally pathogenic for the muskrat (Ondatra zibethica)","docAbstract":"

A bacterium experimentally pathogenic for muskrats (Ondatra zibethica), white mice, mountain voles (Microtus montanus), and deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) was isolated from the tissues of a sick muskrat captured on the Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge (Brigham City, Utah) and from four surface water samples collected within 15 miles of that point. In culture, the cells are chiefly coccoid, but in the tissues of muskrats and voles they resemble the bizarre forms of Yersinia pestis, except for their smaller size. The characteristics of the organism are described and the name Yersinia philomiragia sp. n. is proposed.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/jb.100.3.1237-1241.1969","usgsCitation":"Jensen, W.I., Owen, C., and Jellison, W., 1969, Yersinia philomiragia sp. n., a new member of the Pasteurella group of bacteria, naturally pathogenic for the muskrat (Ondatra zibethica): Journal of Bacteriology, v. 100, no. 3, p. 1237-1241, https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.100.3.1237-1241.1969.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1237","endPage":"1241","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487142,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.100.3.1237-1241.1969","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":129733,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.5933837890625,\n 41.80203073088394\n ],\n [\n -112.76504516601562,\n 41.48389104267175\n ],\n [\n -112.55218505859374,\n 41.299476030028195\n ],\n [\n -112.401123046875,\n 41.229281845547625\n ],\n [\n -112.16079711914062,\n 41.19932314127607\n ],\n [\n -112.00286865234375,\n 41.221018745822505\n ],\n [\n -111.88064575195311,\n 41.27161384188987\n ],\n [\n -111.83258056640625,\n 41.410805789669816\n ],\n [\n -111.82846069335938,\n 41.509605687197975\n ],\n [\n -111.84768676757812,\n 41.639052070137204\n ],\n [\n -112.03445434570312,\n 41.76209309432243\n ],\n [\n -112.24456787109375,\n 41.781552998900345\n ],\n [\n -112.47528076171875,\n 41.81943165932007\n ],\n [\n -112.5933837890625,\n 41.80203073088394\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"100","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de456","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jensen, W. I.","contributorId":74705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Owen, C.R.","contributorId":51245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owen","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jellison, W.L.","contributorId":26652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jellison","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70219922,"text":"70219922 - 1969 - The role of larval Chironomidae in the production of lacustrine copropel in Mud Lake, Marion County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-22T17:42:17.811003","indexId":"70219922","displayToPublicDate":"1969-11-30T06:30:56","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of larval Chironomidae in the production of lacustrine copropel in Mud Lake, Marion County, Florida","docAbstract":"

Mud Lake is a shallow (avg 45 cm), alkaline (pH 7.7–10.2), brown‐water lake having an area of about 180 ha. A study of its organic sediment was undertaken because it appears to be a present‐day analogue of the richly organic lacustrine oozes that were the precursors of the oil shales of the Green River Formation (Eocene). The water contains about 200 ppm total dissolved solids. The soft ooze is about 1 m thick and consists of minute fecal pellets produced primarily by larvae of Chironomus (Chironomus) sp. Mean numbers of larvae ranged from 120 to 580 m−2; such a small population may reflect extensive predation by fish. The small diversity of Chironomidae at this latitude may reflect the fact that few organisms can tolerate the physical conditions produced by the shallow water.

Experiments with laboratory‐reared Mud Lake midges showed that the numbers of fecal pellets produced generally increased with the concentration of algal cells available; that only when the larvae were fed blue‐green algae were the fecal pellets coherent and durable—larvae fed green algae produced pellets that disintegrated, returning the undigested algae to the food supply; and that larvae fed blue‐green algae changed from filter‐feeding to grazing on the fecal pellets when suspended algal cells became sparse. We conclude that the sediment in Mud Lake is pelletal because only blue‐green algae are available for food and that the larvae probably graze because all the blue‐greens live only on, or in, the fecal pellets. Early instars produce ovoid pellets; later instars produce longer, cylindrical pellets.

The analogy between the Mud Lake pelletal ooze and the Eocene precursors of the Green River Formation oil shale is enhanced by the facts that some oil shale thin sections show minute fecal pellets and that certain beds of rich oil shale contain numerous unmineralized remains of immature chironomids.

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No abstract available.

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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b82de2e4b03fd6b7da398e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Voast, W. 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No abstract available.

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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b82dc0e4b03fd6b7da3736","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, W. A.","contributorId":100007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Straka, G.C.","contributorId":173863,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Straka","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70227069,"text":"70227069 - 1969 - Observations of the lunar regolith and the Earth from the television camera on Surveyor 7","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-28T18:01:17.092111","indexId":"70227069","displayToPublicDate":"1969-11-15T11:54:13","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observations of the lunar regolith and the Earth from the television camera on Surveyor 7","docAbstract":"

Surveyor 7, the last spacecraft of the Surveyor series, landed about 30 km north of the rim crest of Tycho, one of the most prominent and well-known features in the southern part of the moon. About 21,000 pictures were transmitted during two lunar days of operation. At the Surveyor 7 site, the cumulative size-frequency distribution of craters 13 cm to 3 meters in diameter follows closely the distribution of craters observed at the other Surveyor sites in the lunar maria. This distribution of small craters is believed to be a steady-state distribution.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB074i025p06081","usgsCitation":"Shoemaker, E.M., Batson, R.M., Holt, H.E., Morris, E.C., Rennilson, J.J., and Whitaker, E.A., 1969, Observations of the lunar regolith and the Earth from the television camera on Surveyor 7: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 74, no. 25, p. 6081-6119, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB074i025p06081.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"6081","endPage":"6119","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393529,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Lunar maria, Moon, Tycho crater","volume":"74","issue":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shoemaker, Eugene Merle","contributorId":20342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoemaker","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"Merle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Batson, R. M.","contributorId":76714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holt, H. E.","contributorId":64694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holt","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morris, E. C.","contributorId":84381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rennilson, J. J.","contributorId":107336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rennilson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Whitaker, E. A.","contributorId":43086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitaker","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70227068,"text":"70227068 - 1969 - Implications of the Surveyor 7 results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-28T17:47:16.562933","indexId":"70227068","displayToPublicDate":"1969-11-15T11:40:11","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implications of the Surveyor 7 results","docAbstract":"

The chemical and television data from the Surveyor 7 mission are discussed. The significance of the α-scattering analysis is found to depend on whether the flow unit underlying the spacecraft was laid down by mass flow at the time of the Tycho-forming impact. The chemical composition of the site is significantly lower in Fe than the composition of the previously analyzed mare sites; no other resolvable distinctions can be made. The higher albedo of the highlands is attributed to the lower iron content in the silicate minerals. By assigning the atomic composition to minerals common in basaltic rocks, we estimate-the highland rock density to be 3.0 and the mare density to be 3.2. The densities may be incorporated into a discussion of recent information on the gravitational field of the moon, yielding estimates of crustal thickness in the highlands around 30 to 50 km. A number of television pictures of rocks and fragments are shown, and we offer some suggestions about the type and origin of these objects. They compose a heterogeneous population in which the brighter rocks seem to be more resistant to mechanical breakdown than the dark rocks. The characteristics of the fine-grained component of the surface mantle are found to be similar to those at earlier Surveyor sites. The process of eroding exposed rocks and covering them with a blanket of fine particles appears to be relatively less advanced than at the sites previously studied; A bright line of light was seen on the western horizon after sunset, as was observed during Surveyor 5 and 6; this rather puzzling phenomenon is discussed again.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB074i025p06053","usgsCitation":"Phinney, R.A., O’Keefe, J.A., Adams, J.B., Gault, D.E., Kuiper, G.P., Masursky, H., Collins, R.J., and Shoemaker, E.M., 1969, Implications of the Surveyor 7 results: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 74, no. 25, p. 6053-6080, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB074i025p06053.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"6053","endPage":"6080","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393527,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Moon, Tycho crater","volume":"74","issue":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phinney, R. A.","contributorId":8609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phinney","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Keefe, J. A.","contributorId":92420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Keefe","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, J. B.","contributorId":21679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gault, D. E.","contributorId":38580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gault","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuiper, G. P.","contributorId":9394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuiper","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Masursky, H.","contributorId":33823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masursky","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Collins, R. J.","contributorId":77655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Shoemaker, Eugene Merle","contributorId":20342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoemaker","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"Merle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70010203,"text":"70010203 - 1969 - Zircon ages of felsic volcanic rocks in the upper Precambrian of the Blue Ridge, Appalachian mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T18:06:07.361518","indexId":"70010203","displayToPublicDate":"1969-11-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Zircon ages of felsic volcanic rocks in the upper Precambrian of the Blue Ridge, Appalachian mountains","docAbstract":"Five zircon samples from Pennsylvania, Virginia, and North Carolina yield discordant uranium-lead ages which suggest an original age of 820 million years and an episodic lead loss at 240 million years. The indicated age of lead loss is interpreted as the age of movement of the Blue Ridge thrust sheet.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.166.3906.741","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Rankin, D., Stern, T.W., Reed, J.C., and Newell, M.F., 1969, Zircon ages of felsic volcanic rocks in the upper Precambrian of the Blue Ridge, Appalachian mountains: Science, v. 166, no. 3906, p. 741-744, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.166.3906.741.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"741","endPage":"744","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218993,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian Mountains, Blue Ridge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.43097093028032,\n 42.412237475301424\n ],\n [\n -80.16805094208486,\n 38.08399420722634\n ],\n [\n -84.08031912356147,\n 35.66766035680291\n ],\n [\n -84.40706552712342,\n 34.92803741632292\n ],\n [\n -81.14786358272505,\n 35.14438316331159\n ],\n [\n -80.71658560010809,\n 34.870409213189106\n ],\n [\n -79.5265370632709,\n 34.833799838384\n ],\n [\n -78.30253555679433,\n 33.79821779376812\n ],\n [\n -75.48270012850986,\n 35.46609320702119\n ],\n [\n -75.99175495230831,\n 36.56925507578427\n ],\n [\n -76.06620508639537,\n 39.63181129866591\n ],\n [\n -73.97974408748907,\n 41.1010851443929\n ],\n [\n -75.36025342059027,\n 42.04533317773236\n ],\n [\n -80.43097093028032,\n 42.412237475301424\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"166","issue":"3906","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd28ae4b08c986b32f888","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rankin, D.W.","contributorId":32579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rankin","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stern, T. W.","contributorId":36122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reed, J. C. Jr.","contributorId":97063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Newell, M. F.","contributorId":27436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newell","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70225513,"text":"70225513 - 1969 - The new federal OCS regulations in the light of Santa Barbara","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-18T20:18:02.994232","indexId":"70225513","displayToPublicDate":"1969-11-06T15:02:35","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The new federal OCS regulations in the light of Santa Barbara","docAbstract":"

When the first Outer Continental Shelf leases were issued in 1954, the oil industry was operating near shore in shallow waters. Although regional OCS Orders issued under the regulations have been kept reasonably up to date with advancing technology, the Secretary's regulations had not undergone a complete review by the Department and the interested public since May 1954. The Santa Barbara public since May 1954. The Santa Barbara event triggered the complete review of both the regulations and the OCS Orders.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"SPE California regional meeting","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"40th Annual California Regional Meeting of the Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME","conferenceDate":"November 6-7, 1969","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, CA","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Petroleum Engineers","doi":"10.2118/2780-MS","usgsCitation":"Wayland, R., 1969, The new federal OCS regulations in the light of Santa Barbara, in SPE California regional meeting, v. 40, San Francisco, CA, November 6-7, 1969, SPE 2780, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.2118/2780-MS.","productDescription":"SPE 2780, 1 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":390631,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Santa Barbara","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.82032775878905,\n 34.34513688076748\n ],\n [\n -119.64454650878906,\n 34.34513688076748\n ],\n [\n -119.64454650878906,\n 34.48901379683819\n ],\n [\n -119.82032775878905,\n 34.48901379683819\n ],\n [\n -119.82032775878905,\n 34.34513688076748\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1969-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wayland, Russell G.","contributorId":18393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wayland","given":"Russell G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70048802,"text":"70048802 - 1969 - Great Salt Lake, Utah: Chemical and physical variations of the brine, 1963-1966","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T17:24:08","indexId":"70048802","displayToPublicDate":"1969-11-05T16:15:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5485,"text":"Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey Water-Resources Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"12","title":"Great Salt Lake, Utah: Chemical and physical variations of the brine, 1963-1966","docAbstract":"

Great Salt Lake is a shallow, closed-basin lake in northern Utah. Its surface area and concentration of dissolved solids vary in response to both annual and long-term climatic changes. The lake gains water mainly as streamflow from mountains to the east and loses water through evaporation. In 1965, at a lake-surface altitude of 4,194 feet, the surface area was about 1,000 square miles, and the maximum measured depth was 27 feet.

Studies to define the variations in chemical and physical characteristics of the brine began in 1963, and detailed sampling of the lake at 29 sites was made in October 1965 and May 1966. Data resulting from concurrent sampling of the 29 sites indicated that four types of brine coexist in the lake.

","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey","usgsCitation":"Hahl, D.C., and Handy, A., 1969, Great Salt Lake, Utah: Chemical and physical variations of the brine, 1963-1966: Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey Water-Resources Bulletin 12, 33 p.","productDescription":"33 p.","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278873,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333160,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ugspub.nr.utah.gov/publications/water_resources_bulletins/WRB-12.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Great Salt Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.131714,40.634799 ], [ -113.131714,41.71393 ], [ -111.860046,41.71393 ], [ -111.860046,40.634799 ], [ -113.131714,40.634799 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527b731fe4b0a7295d9b8630","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hahl, D. C.","contributorId":57436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hahl","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Handy, A.H.","contributorId":104493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handy","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70224626,"text":"70224626 - 1969 - Mud Lake, Florida: Its algae and alkaline brown water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-30T18:42:48.373315","indexId":"70224626","displayToPublicDate":"1969-11-01T13:27:52","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mud Lake, Florida: Its algae and alkaline brown water","docAbstract":"

Mud Lake (Marion County, Florida), in the Ocala National Forest, is elliptical, has an area of ca. 180 ha, and a mean depth of less than 50 cm. The water contains about 200 ppm dissolved solids, ranges from brown to nearly colorless (15 to 100 Pt units), and is always alkaline (pH 7.7 to 10.2). Dissolved Fe, Ca, PO4, tannin-lignin, and the specific conductance, color, and temperature of the water were measured monthly for 1 yr, and temperature and pH were measured many other times during the 3-yr study (1966–1968). The lake is surrounded by a zone of mixed hardwood swamp flora and a floating mat of vegetation and has no submerged higher plants and only 1 or 2 m2 of emergent plants. The lake sediment consists exclusively of minute fecal pellets produced mainly by chironomid larvae and composed solely of blue-green algae. Myxophyceae are represented by at least 10 genera and 12 species, which live exclusively on, or in, the fecal pellets; less than half show a seasonal distribution. The Chlorophyceae consist dominantly of Spirogyra triplicata with minor amounts of Sirogonium sp. and generally occur in enormous winter blooms, correlated with changing amounts of dissolved PO4 and apparently inversely with both temperature and incident light. Bacillariophyceae are represented by 18 species and varieties, but the total population is small. Nanno-, zoo- and phytoplankton are extremely rare, probably because of the prevailing high intensity illumination and the extremely shallow water. Only the fish population is large, and this is dominated by minnows, gars, and sunfish. The midge population is remarkably small. A bacterial inhibitor probably accounts for the small population of bacteria both in the water and in the top layer of the sediment.

","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.4319/lo.1969.14.6.0889","usgsCitation":"Bradley, W.H., and Beard, M.E., 1969, Mud Lake, Florida: Its algae and alkaline brown water: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 14, no. 6, p. 889-897, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1969.14.6.0889.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"889","endPage":"897","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":390057,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Marion County","otherGeospatial":"Mud Lake, Ocala National Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.87496662139893,\n 29.302268038344863\n ],\n [\n -81.87389373779297,\n 29.299610876930494\n ],\n [\n -81.87316417694092,\n 29.298974644921987\n ],\n [\n -81.87170505523682,\n 29.298113854129618\n ],\n [\n -81.87131881713867,\n 29.29702849887429\n ],\n [\n -81.87080383300781,\n 29.295830852100835\n ],\n [\n -81.8697738647461,\n 29.294371201104376\n ],\n [\n -81.86835765838623,\n 29.29321095081426\n ],\n [\n -81.86676979064941,\n 29.292836673715247\n ],\n [\n -81.86475276947021,\n 29.29298638471945\n ],\n [\n -81.8635082244873,\n 29.292125543448314\n ],\n [\n -81.86234951019286,\n 29.2918261186967\n ],\n [\n -81.86041831970215,\n 29.292013259269332\n ],\n [\n -81.85827255249023,\n 29.29306124013926\n ],\n [\n -81.85647010803223,\n 29.294408628313626\n ],\n [\n -81.85569763183594,\n 29.295643718523646\n ],\n [\n -81.8556547164917,\n 29.297851872882863\n ],\n [\n -81.85471057891846,\n 29.29856296327452\n ],\n [\n -81.85595512390137,\n 29.299947704035834\n ],\n [\n -81.85784339904785,\n 29.303091370100887\n ],\n [\n -81.85938835144042,\n 29.305411632960666\n ],\n [\n -81.8608045578003,\n 29.30645947632005\n ],\n [\n -81.86273574829102,\n 29.307582153697062\n ],\n [\n -81.86423778533936,\n 29.308180909915666\n ],\n [\n -81.86621189117432,\n 29.30855513076858\n ],\n [\n -81.86792850494383,\n 29.308592552778407\n ],\n [\n -81.87479496002197,\n 29.304775437101707\n ],\n [\n -81.87857151031494,\n 29.306646590073733\n ],\n [\n -81.87951564788818,\n 29.307656998416473\n ],\n [\n -81.88080310821533,\n 29.308330598421485\n ],\n [\n -81.88209056854247,\n 29.30907903765757\n ],\n [\n -81.88282012939453,\n 29.309415833523243\n ],\n [\n -81.88264846801758,\n 29.310388793114225\n ],\n [\n -81.88320636749268,\n 29.31087526943136\n ],\n [\n -81.88397884368896,\n 29.310725584657703\n ],\n [\n -81.88363552093506,\n 29.308330598421485\n ],\n [\n -81.88234806060791,\n 29.30788153224542\n ],\n [\n -81.88084602355957,\n 29.307095661683128\n ],\n [\n -81.87925815582275,\n 29.3052619401741\n ],\n [\n -81.87741279602051,\n 29.304401202391347\n ],\n [\n -81.87496662139893,\n 29.302268038344863\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, W. H.","contributorId":102452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beard, M. E.","contributorId":266144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beard","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70223394,"text":"70223394 - 1969 - Molecular structure of the decamolybdodicobaltate(III) ion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-25T16:17:23.513383","indexId":"70223394","displayToPublicDate":"1969-11-01T10:36:18","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2519,"text":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular structure of the decamolybdodicobaltate(III) ion","docAbstract":"

When solutions of cobalt(II) ion and heptamolybdate ion (Mo₇O₂₄⁶⁻) are mixed in the presence of an oxidizing agent (such as bromine), Kurnakov, Hall, and others found that an emerald green complex is formed as the main product, namely, the heteropoly complex ion hexamolybdocobaltate(III), which forms salts such as (NH₄)₃[H₆CoMo₆O₂₄]·12H₂O. Friedheim and Keller showed that at the same time a small amount of another complex is also formed, having a Co:Mo ratio of 1:5. Tsigdinos, et al., found that if a hot solution of the hexamolybdocobaltate complex ion is treated with activated charcoal or Raney nickel the 1:6 complex is converted almost entirely to the 1:5 complex. These workers proved the latter to be a dimer, and formulated the ammonium salt (earlier prepared by Friedheim and Keller) as (NH₄)₆[Co₂Mo₁₀O₃₆]·10H₂O. We have now completed a crystal structure analysis of this interesting compound, which shows the proper formula to be (NH₄)₆[H₄Co₃Mo₁₀O₃₈]·7H₂O.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","doi":"10.1021/ja01052a075","usgsCitation":"Evans, H.T., and Showell, J.S., 1969, Molecular structure of the decamolybdodicobaltate(III) ion: Journal of the American Chemical Society, v. 91, no. 24, p. 6881-6882, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01052a075.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"6881","endPage":"6882","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":388486,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Howard T. Jr.","contributorId":70852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Howard","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Showell, John S.","contributorId":264749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Showell","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12642,"text":"National Science Foundation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70225049,"text":"70225049 - 1969 - Glaciation on the continental margin off New England","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-13T15:47:17.771533","indexId":"70225049","displayToPublicDate":"1969-11-01T10:30:56","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Glaciation on the continental margin off New England","docAbstract":"

The Pleistocene glacial limit in the marine environment off New England can be traced by plotting the seaward limit of abundant sandy gravel and the position of shoals. Maximum limit of the last glaciation was probably along an irregular line extending through Nantucket Shoals, across Great South Channel, northern Georges Bank, and at least to the edge of the Scotian Shelf. If, as we assume, glaciers lowered sea level approximately 130 m, the ice margin was probably a subaerial one on Nantucket Shoals and Georges Bank, and it was bordered by outwash and meltwater channels leading away from the ice front. On the Scotian Shelf, the margin may have bordered directly on the ocean, to judge by the lack of shoals and the widespread dispersion of gravel out to the shelf edge. The glaciofluvial nature of the original deposits and marine reworking during the eustatic rise in sea level have made it difficult to recognize ice-contact deposits near the limit of maximum glacial advance. The gravel on shallow banks and ledges is in a bimodal mixture with sand. Association of coarse gravel and sand suggests postdepositional reworking of till by marine processes and removal of silt and clay. Gravel in the Gulf of Maine is mixed with sand, silt, and clay, a mixture characteristic of till.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[2335:GOTCMO]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Pratt, R.M., and Schlee, J., 1969, Glaciation on the continental margin off New England: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 80, no. 11, p. 2335-2341, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[2335:GOTCMO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2335","endPage":"2341","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":390469,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"Georges Bank, Great South Channel, Nantucket Shoals, Scotian Shelf","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.608642578125,\n 41.22824901518529\n ],\n [\n -69.2138671875,\n 39.04478604850143\n ],\n [\n -63.69873046874999,\n 43.141078106345866\n ],\n [\n -68.0712890625,\n 44.59829048984011\n ],\n [\n -69.06005859375,\n 44.5278427984555\n ],\n [\n -70.33447265624999,\n 44.09547572946637\n ],\n [\n -71.378173828125,\n 42.85985981506279\n ],\n [\n -70.927734375,\n 41.918628865183045\n ],\n [\n -72.608642578125,\n 41.22824901518529\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pratt, Richard M.","contributorId":267504,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pratt","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schlee, John","contributorId":16078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlee","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70224596,"text":"70224596 - 1969 - Casing detector and self-potential logger","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-29T15:31:15.34861","indexId":"70224596","displayToPublicDate":"1969-11-01T10:24:28","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Casing detector and self-potential logger","docAbstract":"

A simple and rapid method of determining casing length and permeable zones in wells tapping bedrock can be useful to well drillers and hydrologists. A device consisting of a galvanometer, a reel of insulated wire, and a copper electrode locates the casing depth, changes of lithology, and permeable zones. The small-diameter electrode permits measurement through well-seal access ports avoiding the expensive and time-consuming procedure of removing the seal and drop pipes to measure casing depth with a magnet. The measured electromotive force changes rapidly when the electrode passes the end of casing. Thus, the depth of casing is easily determined from the length of wire payed out. Changes in electromotive force measured within the uncased part of a well frequently indicate permeable zones, thereby aiding in choice of the most efficient drop-pipe length, and also yielding useful information for hydrogeologic studies.

","language":"English","publisher":"National Ground Water Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1969.tb01668.x","usgsCitation":"Frimpter, M.H., 1969, Casing detector and self-potential logger: Groundwater, v. 7, no. 6, p. 24-27, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1969.tb01668.x.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"24","endPage":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389962,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frimpter, Michael H.","contributorId":8074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frimpter","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70224249,"text":"70224249 - 1969 - Fission-track ages of accessory minerals from granitic rocks of the central Sierra Nevada batholith, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-15T16:22:04.699773","indexId":"70224249","displayToPublicDate":"1969-11-01T09:52:34","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fission-track ages of accessory minerals from granitic rocks of the central Sierra Nevada batholith, California","docAbstract":"

Ages of apatite, sphene, allanite, epidote, and garnet from plutonic rocks of the central Sierra Nevada and Inyo Mountains have been determined by the fission-track method.

Ages of 44 specimens of apatite range from 54 to 128 m.y. Oldest apatites generally occur in rocks from the western portion of the batholith; youngest are from granitic rocks along the eastern slope of the Sierra Nevada.

Thirty-four specimens of sphene have been dated and range in age from 71 to 118 m.y. Within experimental error, all sphenes are as old as, or older than, coexisting apatites. The oldest sphene is from granitic rock of the Inyo Mountains; however, sampled rocks from the western Sierra Nevada do not contain sphene. The youngest sphenes are generally from rocks slightly west of the Sierran crest.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[2201:FAOAMF]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Naeser, C.W., and Dodge, F.C., 1969, Fission-track ages of accessory minerals from granitic rocks of the central Sierra Nevada batholith, California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 80, no. 11, p. 2201-2211, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[2201:FAOAMF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2201","endPage":"2211","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389270,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.62988281249999,\n 39.138581990583525\n ],\n [\n -120.091552734375,\n 38.03078569382294\n ],\n [\n -120.10253906249999,\n 37.54457732085582\n ],\n [\n -119.20166015625,\n 36.55377524336089\n ],\n [\n -118.861083984375,\n 35.82672127366604\n ],\n [\n -118.65234374999999,\n 35.38904996691167\n ],\n [\n -117.23510742187501,\n 34.985003130171066\n ],\n [\n -116.861572265625,\n 35.209721645221386\n ],\n [\n -118.05908203124999,\n 36.59788913307022\n ],\n [\n -118.23486328125,\n 37.16907157713011\n ],\n [\n -118.6083984375,\n 38.013476231041935\n ],\n [\n -119.981689453125,\n 38.98503278695909\n ],\n [\n -120.003662109375,\n 39.36827914916014\n ],\n [\n -120.62988281249999,\n 39.138581990583525\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naeser, C. W.","contributorId":17582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"C.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dodge, F. C. W.","contributorId":18755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"C. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70223884,"text":"70223884 - 1969 - On the use of magnetic cleaning in paleointensity studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-13T12:01:41.312394","indexId":"70223884","displayToPublicDate":"1969-10-31T06:46:31","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2310,"text":"Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the use of magnetic cleaning in paleointensity studies","docAbstract":"

The use of partial alternating field demagnetization and, to a lesser extent, partial thermal demagnetization has been found useful as a means of removing secondary components of magnetization from rocks used in certain methods of determining paleointensities. During the course of this investigation, which was carried out on lavas erupted during historic times, it was also learned that a partial remanence characterized by relatively low coercivity possessed blocking temperatures throughout the blocking temperature spectrum. On the other hand, a partial remanence characterized by low blocking temperatures possessed only low coercivity.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Geomagnetism and Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences","doi":"10.5636/jgg.21.579","usgsCitation":"Doell, R., and Smith, P.J., 1969, On the use of magnetic cleaning in paleointensity studies: Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity, v. 21, no. 3, p. 579-594, https://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.21.579.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"579","endPage":"594","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480302,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.21.579","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":389131,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.89599609375,\n 19.269665296502332\n ],\n [\n -155.93444824218747,\n 19.20483481631196\n ],\n [\n -155.93719482421875,\n 19.101052908834284\n ],\n [\n -155.885009765625,\n 19.02057711096681\n ],\n [\n -155.79986572265625,\n 18.979025953255267\n ],\n [\n -155.71197509765625,\n 18.93746442964186\n ],\n [\n -155.6817626953125,\n 18.890695349102117\n ],\n [\n -155.58837890625,\n 18.968636543402212\n ],\n [\n -155.5499267578125,\n 19.033559718886284\n ],\n [\n -155.53619384765625,\n 19.07509724212452\n ],\n [\n -155.511474609375,\n 19.11143403582964\n ],\n [\n -155.4620361328125,\n 19.134789188332523\n ],\n [\n -155.35491943359375,\n 19.189271694646738\n ],\n [\n -155.302734375,\n 19.238549860797406\n ],\n [\n -155.2587890625,\n 19.2489223284628\n ],\n [\n -155.16265869140625,\n 19.241143039165962\n ],\n [\n -154.98687744140625,\n 19.316327373141174\n ],\n [\n -154.79461669921875,\n 19.489896743079\n ],\n [\n -154.79461669921875,\n 19.531318700282522\n ],\n [\n -154.918212890625,\n 19.606368915776006\n ],\n [\n -154.97589111328125,\n 19.65552077552001\n ],\n [\n -154.98687744140625,\n 19.72534224805787\n ],\n [\n -155.006103515625,\n 19.74085399284272\n ],\n [\n -155.0390625,\n 19.748609300218842\n ],\n [\n -155.0830078125,\n 19.730512997022263\n ],\n [\n -155.89599609375,\n 19.269665296502332\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doell, Richard R.","contributorId":66683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doell","given":"Richard R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Peter J.","contributorId":225580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010499,"text":"70010499 - 1969 - Seismic activity and faulting associated with a large underground nuclear explosion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T18:12:18.244265","indexId":"70010499","displayToPublicDate":"1969-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic activity and faulting associated with a large underground nuclear explosion","docAbstract":"The 1.1-megaton nuclear test Benham caused movement on previously mapped faults and was followed by a sequence of small earthquakes. These effects were confined to a zone extending not more than 13 kilometers from ground zero; they are apparently related to the release of natural tectonic strain.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.166.3905.601","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, R.M., McKeown, F.A., and Healy, J.H., 1969, Seismic activity and faulting associated with a large underground nuclear explosion: Science, v. 166, no. 3905, p. 601-604, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.166.3905.601.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"601","endPage":"604","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219382,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"166","issue":"3905","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8ae7e4b08c986b317456","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, R. M.","contributorId":69995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"R.","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKeown, F. A.","contributorId":106100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKeown","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Healy, J. H.","contributorId":48968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70199506,"text":"70199506 - 1969 - Effect of rainfall variability on streamflow simulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T15:52:59","indexId":"70199506","displayToPublicDate":"1969-10-01T15:52:23","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of rainfall variability on streamflow simulation","docAbstract":"

Three recording rain gages in a 9.7‐square‐mile basin in southern California were used with a deterministic rainfall‐runoff model to simulate flood hydrographs and peaks and to assess the effects of data errors on simulation results. Bias in the estimation of effective basin rainfall seemed to result in curve fitting parameter adjustments which compensated for the bias. The combined effects for a storm of both difference in the time distribution of rainfall at different points and spatial variability of rainfall volume over the basin limit the possible accuracy of simulation results. The use of a single rain gage on a basin with this hydrology can at best be expected to predict peak discharge with a standard error of estimate on the order of 20%.

","publisher":"American Geologists Union","doi":"10.1029/WR005i005p00958","usgsCitation":"Dawdy, D., and Bergmann, J.M., 1969, Effect of rainfall variability on streamflow simulation: Water Resources Research, v. 5, no. 5, p. 958-966, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR005i005p00958.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"958","endPage":"966","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":357512,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dawdy, D.R.","contributorId":99956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawdy","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bergmann, James M.","contributorId":12471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergmann","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}