A method has been developed whereby nanogram amounts of gold in waters can be accurately determined. The development of the method involves determination of optimum conditions for the complete recovery of gold from water using an anion exchange resin column, quantitative elution of gold from the resin, and final measurement of gold by atomic absorption spectrophotometry following MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone) extraction of gold from a nitric acid solution.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.64.3.287","usgsCitation":"Chao, T.T., 1969, Determination of gold in waters in the nanogram range by anion exchange and atomic absorption spectrophotometry: Economic Geology, v. 64, no. 3, p. 287-290, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.64.3.287.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"287","endPage":"290","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388945,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1969-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chao, T. T.","contributorId":31900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chao","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":822754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1007612,"text":"1007612 - 1969 - A demographic analysis of continuously irradiated and nonirradiated populations of the lizard, Uta stansburiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-14T15:38:57.132259","indexId":"1007612","displayToPublicDate":"1969-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3224,"text":"Radiation Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A demographic analysis of continuously irradiated and nonirradiated populations of the lizard, Uta stansburiana","docAbstract":"A natural population of the lizard Uta stansburiana occupying a fenced 20-acre area in southern Nevada has been exposed to essentially continuous gamma irradiation since February 1964. Tissue doses averaged about 2 rads/day. Nonirradiated populations occupying three adjoining 20-acre areas have also been investigated. Five years of sampling data drawn from the experimental and control populations showed no statistically significant differences in the sex ratios. Comparisons of maximal life span (44 months) and χ2 tests of age distributions did not indicate a statistically significant difference between the experimental and untreated populations, but the tests were not sensitive to small changes in the proportions of individuals living to the age of 44 months. Both the 59% increase of the irradiated population between 1966 and 1967 and the 43% decline between 1967 and 1968 were generally matched by corresponding changes in the three untreated areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Allen Press","doi":"10.2307/3572777","usgsCitation":"Turner, F., Medica, P., Lannom, J., and Hoddenbach, G., 1969, A demographic analysis of continuously irradiated and nonirradiated populations of the lizard, Uta stansburiana: Radiation Research, v. 38, no. 2, p. 349-356, https://doi.org/10.2307/3572777.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"349","endPage":"356","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130326,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Rock Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.83702836090832,\n 36.77724919143529\n ],\n [\n -114.83702836090832,\n 36.47869581684435\n ],\n [\n -114.21718131190708,\n 36.47869581684435\n ],\n [\n -114.21718131190708,\n 36.77724919143529\n ],\n [\n -114.83702836090832,\n 36.77724919143529\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aefa3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turner, F.B.","contributorId":95414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"F.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Medica, P.A.","contributorId":77079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medica","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lannom, J.R. Jr.","contributorId":96624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lannom","given":"J.R.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoddenbach, G.A.","contributorId":82639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoddenbach","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173584,"text":"70173584 - 1969 - Willamette Basin Comprehensive Study of Water and Related Land Resources: Appendix B--Hydrology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-03T15:20:39.554571","indexId":"70173584","displayToPublicDate":"1969-04-30T18:30:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"title":"Willamette Basin Comprehensive Study of Water and Related Land Resources: Appendix B--Hydrology","docAbstract":"The study was undertaken to plan for the proper development of water andrelated land resources of the Willamette Basin in Oregon. Appendix B, along with Appendices A and C, provides supporting data for the functional Appendices D through L. Climate is first discussed, including the climatic significance of geographical features such as the Pacific Ocean, the Columbia Gorge, and the Coast and Cascade Ranges, climatic elements (e.g. , temperature, precipitation, evaporation), and meteorological aspects of major storms--rain, wind, and snow. A description of water resources, their distribution, and their variation at different times are presented. These resources are described in terms of factors influencing the occurrence of water. Specifically reviewed here are surface waters, groundwater, the relationship between surface and groundwater, management programs, and water rights and legal restrictions. Lastly, the adequacy of hydrologic data is reviewed. Statistical and interpretive hydrologic data necessary for broadscale water resources planning are provided. Data assembled are those concerning climate, streamflow, lakes and glaciers, chemical-quality, sediment, stream temperature, and groundwater. Geologic and soils mapping are briefly discussed, and a list of references is provided.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Willamette Basin comprehensive study of water and related land resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Willamette Basin Task Force, 1969, Willamette Basin Comprehensive Study of Water and Related Land Resources: Appendix B--Hydrology, 165 p, 36 tab, 47 fig, 21 maps, 23 photos.","productDescription":"165 p, 36 tab, 47 fig, 21 maps, 23 photos","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323085,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5757f066e4b04f417c24dd4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willamette Basin Task Force","contributorId":171434,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Willamette Basin Task Force","id":637375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010258,"text":"70010258 - 1969 - Cycads: Fossil evidence of late Paleozoic origin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-04T16:56:23.769288","indexId":"70010258","displayToPublicDate":"1969-04-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cycads: Fossil evidence of late Paleozoic origin","docAbstract":"Plant fossils from Lower Permian strata of the southwestern United States have been interpreted as cycadalean megasporophylls. They are evidently descended from spermopterid elements of the Pennsylvanian Taeniopteris complex; thus the known fossil history of the cycads is extended from the Late Triassic into the late Paleozoic. Possible implications of the Permian fossils toward evolution of the angiosperm carpel are considered.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.164.3877.295","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Mamay, S., 1969, Cycads: Fossil evidence of late Paleozoic origin: Science, v. 164, no. 3877, p. 295-296, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.164.3877.295.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"295","endPage":"296","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218634,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"southwest United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.44473262679031,\n 42.80355799625093\n ],\n [\n -123.44473262679031,\n 31.51165355321558\n ],\n [\n -101.80612866259875,\n 31.51165355321558\n ],\n [\n -101.80612866259875,\n 42.80355799625093\n ],\n [\n -123.44473262679031,\n 42.80355799625093\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"164","issue":"3877","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd21e4b0c8380cd4e64c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mamay, S.H.","contributorId":49422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mamay","given":"S.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010153,"text":"70010153 - 1969 - Stratigraphic data and length of the synodic month","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-04T17:02:49.773155","indexId":"70010153","displayToPublicDate":"1969-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic data and length of the synodic month","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.164.3876.201.b","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Hazel, J.E., and Waller, T., 1969, Stratigraphic data and length of the synodic month: Science, v. 164, no. 3876, p. 201-202, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.164.3876.201.b.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"201","endPage":"202","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219430,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"164","issue":"3876","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9973e4b08c986b31c428","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hazel, J. E.","contributorId":89187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hazel","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waller, T.R.","contributorId":9395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010498,"text":"70010498 - 1969 - Ellsworth Mountains: Position in West Antarctica due to sea-floor spreading","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-04T17:18:27.305515","indexId":"70010498","displayToPublicDate":"1969-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ellsworth Mountains: Position in West Antarctica due to sea-floor spreading","docAbstract":"Similarities of middle and upper Paleozoic deposits of the Ellsworth Mountains with those of the Pensacola, Horlick, and other Transantarctic mountains indicate that all these ranges may have had a related geologic history. A tentative explanation is now suggested which involves sea-floor spreading and translocation of the Ellsworth crustal block from its original location adjacent to the East Antarctic Shield. Accordingly, the islands of West Antarctica may differ in origin and the Transantarctic Mountains of East Antarctica may represent one margin of an ancient rift.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.164.3875.63","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Schopf, J.M., 1969, Ellsworth Mountains: Position in West Antarctica due to sea-floor spreading: Science, v. 164, no. 3875, p. 63-66, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.164.3875.63.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"66","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219381,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Ellsworth Mountains, West Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.8931641453182,\n -74.24881655971052\n ],\n [\n -76.8931641453182,\n -79.83225735875043\n ],\n [\n -63.186426912557096,\n -79.83225735875043\n ],\n [\n -63.186426912557096,\n -74.24881655971052\n ],\n [\n -76.8931641453182,\n -74.24881655971052\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"164","issue":"3875","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a08e1e4b0c8380cd51ce3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schopf, J. M.","contributorId":42639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schopf","given":"J.","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70223312,"text":"70223312 - 1969 - Massive sulfide deposits and volcanism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-20T20:48:01.580806","indexId":"70223312","displayToPublicDate":"1969-04-01T15:36:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Massive sulfide deposits and volcanism","docAbstract":"Massive sulfide deposits, consisting of pyrite and/or pyrrhotite and various ratios of chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and galena, are commonly associated with volcanic rocks that accumulated in eugeosynclines. Later deformation may leave an imprint of regional metamorphism. Two-thirds of the deposits mentioned in this review are about equally divided between silicic and mafic volcanic host rocks, and the remainder occur in tuffaceous sedimentary rocks interbedded with volcanics.
Little compelling evidence is available to relate genetically most of these deposits to granitic rocks, whereas considerable evidence supports a complex genetic relationship to volcanic rocks that accumulated in a submarine environment. Some deposits apparently formed during or soon after emplacement of the volcanic rocks, and possibly involved early deposition of pyrite that was followed later by the addition of base metals.
The transporting agents of the base metals and some of the sulfur are heated solutions probably of different origins containing alkali chlorides as well as alkali chloride brines. Pyrite and base metals may have been deposited during the accumulation of the volcanic and associated rocks, or later during diagenesis, regional metamorphism, or intrusion of granitic plutons. The source of the base metals may have been: (1) early metal concentrations distributed through the volcanic pile, (2) trace quantities in the silicate minerals in the volcanics, or (3) later crystallizing magma.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists, Inc.","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.64.2.129","usgsCitation":"Anderson, C.A., 1969, Massive sulfide deposits and volcanism: Economic Geology, v. 64, no. 2, p. 129-146, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.64.2.129.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"146","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":388263,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1969-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Charles A.","contributorId":81108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70223837,"text":"70223837 - 1969 - Unstable sulfur compounds and the origin of roll-type uranium deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-09T19:30:42.628565","indexId":"70223837","displayToPublicDate":"1969-04-01T14:17:48","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unstable sulfur compounds and the origin of roll-type uranium deposits","docAbstract":"Anomalous concentrations of iron sulfides found at roll fronts are believed to result from limited oxidation and mobilization of reduced sulfur species from earlier formed pyrite within the more extensively oxidized core of the roll. Laboratory experiments and chemical theory suggest that the reactions need not be biogenic, and that the sulfur of the reconstituted pyrite could be isotopically indistinguishable from biogenic sulfur. Sulfite formed by limited oxidation slowly decomposes to sulfate and sulfides, and because the sulfate-producing reaction is irreversible at low temperature, only the reduced sulfur species are available for further oxidation-reduction reactions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.64.2.160","usgsCitation":"Granger, H., and Warren, C.G., 1969, Unstable sulfur compounds and the origin of roll-type uranium deposits: Economic Geology, v. 64, no. 2, p. 160-171, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.64.2.160.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"160","endPage":"171","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389018,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1969-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Granger, H.C.","contributorId":15203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granger","given":"H.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":822884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warren, C. G.","contributorId":41427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":822885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70223836,"text":"70223836 - 1969 - Water analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-09T19:14:58.130382","indexId":"70223836","displayToPublicDate":"1969-04-01T14:06:39","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water analysis","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ac60274a007","usgsCitation":"Fishman, M., and Robinson, B., 1969, Water analysis: Analytical Chemistry, v. 41, no. 5, p. 323-360, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60274a007.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"360","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389016,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fishman, Marvin J.","contributorId":87110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishman","given":"Marvin J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":822882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, B.P.","contributorId":7685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"B.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":822883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222236,"text":"5222236 - 1969 - Adoption of a nestling house mouse by a female short-tailed shrew","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-16T17:08:09.969255","indexId":"5222236","displayToPublicDate":"1969-04-01T12:17:28","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adoption of a nestling house mouse by a female short-tailed shrew","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.64.2.228-a","usgsCitation":"Gilluly, J., 1969, Chronology of intrusion, volcanism, and ore deposition at Bingham, Utah: Discussion: Economic Geology, v. 64, no. 2, p. 228-228, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.64.2.228-a.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"228","endPage":"228","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389407,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","city":"Bingham","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.19135284423828,\n 40.488215202002614\n ],\n [\n -112.09590911865234,\n 40.488215202002614\n ],\n [\n -112.09590911865234,\n 40.57224011776902\n ],\n [\n -112.19135284423828,\n 40.57224011776902\n ],\n [\n -112.19135284423828,\n 40.488215202002614\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilluly, James","contributorId":51743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilluly","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70223817,"text":"70223817 - 1969 - Chronology of intrusion, volcanism, and ore deposition at Bingham, Utah— A reply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-08T16:01:07.151509","indexId":"70223817","displayToPublicDate":"1969-04-01T10:52:17","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chronology of intrusion, volcanism, and ore deposition at Bingham, Utah— A reply","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.64.2.229","usgsCitation":"Moore, W.J., Lanphere, M.A., and Obradovich, J.D., 1969, Chronology of intrusion, volcanism, and ore deposition at Bingham, Utah— A reply: Economic Geology, v. 64, no. 2, p. 229-229, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.64.2.229.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"229","endPage":"229","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","city":"Bingham","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.19135284423828,\n 40.488215202002614\n ],\n [\n -112.09590911865234,\n 40.488215202002614\n ],\n [\n -112.09590911865234,\n 40.57224011776902\n ],\n [\n -112.19135284423828,\n 40.57224011776902\n ],\n [\n -112.19135284423828,\n 40.488215202002614\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, W. J.","contributorId":84334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":822760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lanphere, Marvin A. alder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanphere","given":"Marvin","email":"alder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":822761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Obradovich, J. D.","contributorId":48966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obradovich","given":"J.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":822762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70223883,"text":"70223883 - 1969 - Rate of sulfuric acid formation in Yellowstone National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-13T11:44:42.084803","indexId":"70223883","displayToPublicDate":"1969-04-01T06:32:43","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rate of sulfuric acid formation in Yellowstone National Park","docAbstract":"Sulfuric acid forms near sulfurous hot springs as the result of oxidation of hydrogen sulfide exhalations by atmospheric oxygen. This strong acid rapidly alters the surrounding rocks and can destroy man-made structures and contaminate streams. Four tracts of acid-altered ground in Yellowstone National Park were studied in order to determine the rate at which sulfuric acid is forming. Although the size of the hot-spring areas varied by as much as a factor of 19, acid production was nearly uniform at about 10 grams per square meter of area per day.
The near constancy of acid production per unit area implies that the area of land surface is a major control of the oxidation reaction of sulfide to sulfate. This is consistent with a biological origin for the acid by aerobic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria living close to the land surface.
Laboratory rates of acid production for sulfur-oxidizing bacteria are as much as 200 times greater than the rates measured in Yellowstone National Park. A strictly biological origin for the acid is, therefore, quantitatively feasible. The data gathered in this study, however, do not rule out the possibility of the formation of natural sulfuric acid in hot springs by inorganic processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[643:ROSAFI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Schoen, R., 1969, Rate of sulfuric acid formation in Yellowstone National Park: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 80, no. 4, p. 643-650, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[643:ROSAFI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"643","endPage":"650","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389130,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Amphitheater Springs, Norris Junction, Norris Ranger Station, Roaring Mountain, Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.90423583984375,\n 44.645208223744035\n ],\n [\n -110.53619384765625,\n 44.645208223744035\n ],\n [\n -110.53619384765625,\n 44.84223815129917\n ],\n [\n -110.90423583984375,\n 44.84223815129917\n ],\n [\n -110.90423583984375,\n 44.645208223744035\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoen, Robert","contributorId":22418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoen","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1013642,"text":"1013642 - 1969 - Bacteria in blood and kidney of apparently healthy hatchery trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-14T18:30:39.58241","indexId":"1013642","displayToPublicDate":"1969-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bacteria in blood and kidney of apparently healthy hatchery trout","docAbstract":"Aseptic examination of blood and kidney material from three species of apparently healthy trout at two hatcheries showed that 12.5% of examined trout at one hatchery and 26.1% of trout at the other carried low numbers of bacteria. In addition, sera from these trout had agglutinins against some of the isolated bacteria and bacterial types found in trout were the same as those cultured from raceway water in which fish were raised. Although the presence of these bacteria does not constitute a disease state, the potential for an epizootic is present should trout be placed under stress conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1969)98[268:BIBAKO]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Bullock, G.L., and Snieszko, S.F., 1969, Bacteria in blood and kidney of apparently healthy hatchery trout: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 98, no. 2, p. 268-271, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1969)98[268:BIBAKO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"268","endPage":"271","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131913,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64acf3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bullock, G. L.","contributorId":69498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullock","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snieszko, S. F.","contributorId":13169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snieszko","given":"S.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70206573,"text":"70206573 - 1969 - New thrusts in ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-22T17:18:07.819422","indexId":"70206573","displayToPublicDate":"1969-03-31T09:05:39","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New thrusts in ground water","docAbstract":"Four principal trends in ground water are apparent:
(1) Increasing use of ground water for domestic supplies. Geohydrologists must learn to quantitatively evaluate the supply under conditions of maximum development, not merely determine the availability of a supply that does not strain the aquifer. (2) Aquifers will be looked to increasingly as possible storage media for surplus flood water, in place of dams and reservoirs. The key here is economics – optimum utilization of resources. The job of the geohydrologist is to do enough research and experimentation to determine when, where, and how ground-water reservoirs can be recharged artificially at a reasonable cost. (3) Saline aquifers will be looked at as sources of water supply. The cost curves of developing new supplies of fresh water are ascending while the cost curves for desalinization are declining, and inevitably they will cross in one area after another. There is a paucity of information on saline ground-water aquifers; hence, the utmost skill must be used in evaluating the resource. (4) With efforts to prevent stream pollution, aquifers will be looked to increasingly as possible storage media for industrial and domestic waste effluents. Control is urgently needed so the effects of waste injection can be predicted, the technology for confining those effects as intended can be developed, and a basis can be provided for a rational decision as to whether waste injection or an alternative use of the chosen aquifer is best for the economy in the long run. However, there is little legal basis for control, and the cost of such control may make the practice unfeasible in many situations.
A systems-analysis approach is needed to develop a working model of a given hydrologie and socio-economic problem from which quantitative answers can be given to water planners.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1969.tb01269.x","usgsCitation":"McGuinness, C.L., 1969, New thrusts in ground water: Groundwater, v. 7, no. 2, p. 7-10, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1969.tb01269.x.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"7","endPage":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":369103,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGuinness, C. L.","contributorId":20313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuinness","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70223860,"text":"70223860 - 1969 - Lead and strontium isotopes in volcanic rocks from northern Honshu, Japan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-10T15:20:14.931184","indexId":"70223860","displayToPublicDate":"1969-03-19T10:11:49","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1754,"text":"Geochemical Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lead and strontium isotopes in volcanic rocks from northern Honshu, Japan","docAbstract":"Isotopic compositions of lead and strontium and concentrations of lead, uranium, thorium, rubidium, and strontium were measured in a suite of volcanic rocks, ranging from basalt to rhyodacite in composition, and in granite and gabbro xenoliths from a traverse across northern Honshu. The observed 238U/204Pb (μ) ratio ranges from 2.4 in tholeiitic basalt at the east end of the traverse to 11.6 in alkalic basalt from the west end. The isotopic composition is slightly less radiogenic to the west. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios of most of the samples fall within the range observed in oceanic basalts, but the granite xenolith and the rhyodacite are slightly more radiogenic.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Geochemical Society of Japan","doi":"10.2343/geochemj.3.15","usgsCitation":"Hedge, C.E., and Knight, R.J., 1969, Lead and strontium isotopes in volcanic rocks from northern Honshu, Japan: Geochemical Journal, v. 3, no. 1, p. 15-24, https://doi.org/10.2343/geochemj.3.15.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480309,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2343/geochemj.3.15","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":389063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","state":"Honshu","otherGeospatial":"Ichinoma Gata, Iwate, Kampu-zan, Moriyosi, Osima-Osima","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 139.54833984375,\n 39.83385008019448\n ],\n [\n 142.0037841796875,\n 39.83385008019448\n ],\n [\n 142.0037841796875,\n 42.12267315117256\n ],\n [\n 139.54833984375,\n 42.12267315117256\n ],\n [\n 139.54833984375,\n 39.83385008019448\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hedge, Carl E.","contributorId":76299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedge","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knight, Roy J.","contributorId":265535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knight","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70225066,"text":"70225066 - 1969 - Lower Llandovery of the northern Appalachians and adjacent regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-13T17:03:50.826637","indexId":"70225066","displayToPublicDate":"1969-03-01T11:47:37","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lower Llandovery of the northern Appalachians and adjacent regions","docAbstract":"Rocks of clearly dated early Llandovery age, as well as rocks that can logically be classed as early Llandovery from their regional relationships, appear to be more widespread than recognized, heretofore, in the northern Appalachians and adjacent regions. Their areal distribution and lithology permit a generalized reconstruction of the paleogeography, which consisted, in general, of three source areas alternating from east to west with three belts of clastic sedimentation. The westernmost clastic belt grades laterally westward into the carbonate rocks of the North American platform. The Central Clastic Belt encloses a belt containing impure carbonates with clastic detritus and clastic interbeds, and, locally, relatively clean carbonate deposits.
Llandovery age rocks of the platform include the Manitoulin Dolomite and the Ellis Bay Formation. In the deposits to the east, coeval rocks occur, in part or in whole, within the limy and clastic deposits of the Carys Mills Formation and the Matapedia Group, as well as in the following clastic rock formations: Grimsby, Shawangunk, Tuscarora, Massanutten, Clinch, Smyrna Mills, Perham, Cabano, Weir, Beechhill Cove, Ross Brook, and White Rock.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[459:LLOTNA]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Ayrton, W.G., Berry, W.B., Boucot, A.J., Lajoie, J., Lesperance, P.J., Pavlides, L., and Skidmore, W.B., 1969, Lower Llandovery of the northern Appalachians and adjacent regions: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 80, no. 3, p. 459-483, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[459:LLOTNA]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"459","endPage":"483","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":390473,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Maine, New Brunswick, Quebec","city":"Cabano, Lac des Baies, Lac Prime, Squateck","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian Mountains, Clemville Formation, Gaspé Peninsula, Weir Formation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.07080078125,\n 41.19518982948959\n ],\n [\n -69.71923828125,\n 41.934976500546604\n ],\n [\n -70.24658203125,\n 42.66628070564928\n ],\n [\n -70.0048828125,\n 43.34116005412307\n ],\n [\n -67.25830078125,\n 44.4808302785626\n ],\n [\n -65.85205078125,\n 43.229195113965005\n ],\n [\n -63.03955078125,\n 44.449467536006935\n ],\n [\n -59.4140625,\n 45.920587344733654\n ],\n [\n -61.19384765625,\n 49.25346477497736\n ],\n [\n -63.4130859375,\n 50.162824333817284\n ],\n [\n -64.66552734375,\n 50.035973672195496\n ],\n [\n -64.70947265625,\n 49.653404588437894\n ],\n [\n -84.22119140625,\n 47.08508535995386\n ],\n [\n -84.9462890625,\n 45.82879925192134\n ],\n [\n -83.64990234375,\n 41.27780646738183\n ],\n [\n -70.07080078125,\n 41.19518982948959\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ayrton, William G.","contributorId":267533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ayrton","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berry, William B. N.","contributorId":76372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boucot, Arthur J.","contributorId":267534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boucot","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lajoie, Jean","contributorId":267535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lajoie","given":"Jean","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lesperance, Pierre J.","contributorId":267536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lesperance","given":"Pierre","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pavlides, Louis","contributorId":79444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlides","given":"Louis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":825155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Skidmore, W. Brian","contributorId":267537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skidmore","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70224558,"text":"70224558 - 1969 - New horizons in natural resources management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-27T12:40:53.743512","indexId":"70224558","displayToPublicDate":"1969-03-01T07:25:20","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3191,"text":"Professional Geographer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New horizons in natural resources management","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1111/j.0033-0124.1969.00073.x","usgsCitation":"Pecora, W.T., 1969, New horizons in natural resources management: Professional Geographer, v. 21, no. 2, p. 73-78, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0033-0124.1969.00073.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"78","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389804,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pecora, William T.","contributorId":45167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pecora","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70169094,"text":"70169094 - 1969 - Heat flow in the Arctic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-17T11:12:16","indexId":"70169094","displayToPublicDate":"1969-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":894,"text":"Arctic","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heat flow in the Arctic","docAbstract":"","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","doi":"10.14430/arctic3221","usgsCitation":"Lachenbruch, A.H., and Marshall, B.V., 1969, Heat flow in the Arctic: Arctic, v. 22, no. 3, p. 300-311, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic3221.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"300","endPage":"311","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480310,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic3221","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":318935,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic","volume":"22","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ebd530e4b0f59b85da065d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lachenbruch, Arthur H.","contributorId":27850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lachenbruch","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marshall, B. Vaughan","contributorId":83896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Vaughan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70224251,"text":"70224251 - 1969 - Active metamorphism of upper Cenozoic sediments in the Salton Sea geothermal field and the Salton Trough, southeastern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-15T16:55:36.655053","indexId":"70224251","displayToPublicDate":"1969-02-08T11:44:27","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Active metamorphism of upper Cenozoic sediments in the Salton Sea geothermal field and the Salton Trough, southeastern California","docAbstract":"
The Salton Sea geothermal system is entirely within Pliocene and Quaternary sediments of the Colorado River delta at the north end of the Gulf of California. At the time of deposition, these sediments consisted of sands, silts, and clays of uniform original mineralogic composition, but under the elevated temperatures and pressures of the geothermal system they are being transformed to low-grade metamorphic rocks of the greenschist facies. We have studied these transformations by X-ray, petrographic, and chemical analyses of cuttings and core from deep wells that penetrate the sedimentary section.
Temperatures within the explored geothermal system range up to 360° C at 7100 feet. The wells produce a brine containing over 250,000 ppm dissolved solids, primarily Cl, Na, Ca, K, and Fe, plus a host of minor constituents.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[157:AMOUCS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Muffler, L.P., and White, D.E., 1969, Active metamorphism of upper Cenozoic sediments in the Salton Sea geothermal field and the Salton Trough, southeastern California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 80, no. 2, p. 157-181, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[157:AMOUCS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"181","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389272,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Salton Sea, Salton Trough","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.05957031249999,\n 32.63012300670739\n ],\n [\n -114.63134765625001,\n 32.713355353177555\n ],\n [\n -114.49951171875,\n 32.80574473290688\n ],\n [\n -114.521484375,\n 33.02708758002874\n ],\n [\n -114.697265625,\n 33.04550781490999\n ],\n [\n -114.697265625,\n 33.17434155100208\n ],\n [\n -114.71923828124999,\n 33.367237465838315\n ],\n [\n -115.29052734375,\n 33.578014746143985\n ],\n [\n -115.51025390625,\n 33.696922692957685\n ],\n [\n -115.631103515625,\n 33.687781758439364\n ],\n [\n -115.81787109375,\n 33.58716733904656\n ],\n [\n -116.08154296875001,\n 33.80653802509606\n ],\n [\n -116.619873046875,\n 34.06176136129718\n ],\n [\n -116.75170898437501,\n 33.916013113401696\n ],\n [\n -115.960693359375,\n 33.18353672893615\n ],\n [\n -116.43310546875,\n 33.44060944370356\n ],\n [\n -116.52099609375,\n 33.394759218577995\n ],\n [\n -116.38916015624999,\n 33.15594830078649\n ],\n [\n -116.026611328125,\n 32.97180377635759\n ],\n [\n -116.16943359374999,\n 32.7503226078097\n ],\n [\n -116.05957031249999,\n 32.63012300670739\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muffler, L.J. Patrick 0000-0001-6638-7218 pmuffler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6638-7218","contributorId":3322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muffler","given":"L.J.","email":"pmuffler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Patrick","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Donald E.","contributorId":76787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010090,"text":"70010090 - 1969 - Florida submergence curve revised: Its relation to coastal sedimentation rates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-04T17:26:28.260358","indexId":"70010090","displayToPublicDate":"1969-02-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Florida submergence curve revised: Its relation to coastal sedimentation rates","docAbstract":"New data substantiate as well as modify the south Florida submergence curve, which indicates that eustatic sea level has risen continuously, although at a generally decreasing rate, during the last 6500 to 7000 sidereal years (5500 standard radiocarbon years) to reach its present position. Accumulation rates of coastal deposits are similar to the rate of sea-level rise, thus supporting the generalization that submergence rates largely determine as well as limit rates of coastal sedimentation in lagoonal and estuarine areas.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.163.3867.562","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Scholl, D., Craighead, F., and Stuiver, M., 1969, Florida submergence curve revised: Its relation to coastal sedimentation rates: Science, v. 163, no. 3867, p. 562-564, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.163.3867.562.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"562","endPage":"564","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219590,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"south Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.81485249420433,\n 28.695319216051175\n ],\n [\n -82.81485249420433,\n 24.902227860305473\n ],\n [\n -79.00007154825742,\n 24.902227860305473\n ],\n [\n -79.00007154825742,\n 28.695319216051175\n ],\n [\n -82.81485249420433,\n 28.695319216051175\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"163","issue":"3867","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a122ee4b0c8380cd541ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scholl, D.W.","contributorId":106461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Craighead, F.C. Sr.","contributorId":91985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craighead","given":"F.C.","suffix":"Sr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stuiver, M.","contributorId":54730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuiver","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70223838,"text":"70223838 - 1969 - Coexisting amphiboles from blueschist facies metamorphic rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-09T19:50:06.072912","indexId":"70223838","displayToPublicDate":"1969-02-01T14:43:21","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coexisting amphiboles from blueschist facies metamorphic rocks","docAbstract":"Four pairs of associated calcic and sodic amphiboles from blueschist facies metamorphic rocks were analyzed with the electron microprobe and studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Except for ranges in the ratios Mg/(Mg+Fe) and Fe3+/(Fe3++Al+Ti), the sodic amphiboles are similar in chemical composition. The amount of calcium in the M(4)-site ranges only from 0·18 to 0·21 ion per formula unit. The calcic amphiboles, in addition to a range in Mg/(Mg+Fe), vary in Na/(Na+Ca) ratio (0·29–0·48). Three of the calcic amphiboles contain less than 1·5 calcium ions per formula unit, indicating a significant solid solution of sodic amphibole components in the calcic amphibole phase. The a and b unit-cell parameters of the calcic amphiboles decrease with increased content of the sodic component.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/petrology/10.1.102","usgsCitation":"Himmelberg, G.R., and Papike, J.J., 1969, Coexisting amphiboles from blueschist facies metamorphic rocks: Journal of Petrology, v. 10, no. 1, p. 102-114, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/10.1.102.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"102","endPage":"114","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Himmelberg, G. R.","contributorId":27106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Himmelberg","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":822886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Papike, J. J.","contributorId":18488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papike","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":822887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70224268,"text":"70224268 - 1969 - A seismic-refraction survey of crustal structure in central Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-16T15:00:30.408014","indexId":"70224268","displayToPublicDate":"1969-02-01T09:46:23","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A seismic-refraction survey of crustal structure in central Arizona","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey conducted a seismic-refraction study of the earth's crust and upper mantle near the Tonto Forest Seismological Observatory (TFO), located 10miles south of the Mogollon Rim near Payson in central Arizona. Two recording lines 400 km long intersect in the approximate form of a cross at TFO; one line trends southeast and the other northeast. The sedimentary layer at most places southwest of the rim is less than 1 km thick, but north of the rim it is 2 to 3 km thick. The velocity in this uppermost layer ranges from 2.6 to 4.7 km/sec, with the higher limit measured near or north of the rim. Arrivals refracted in the upper crust (Pg) can be attributed to two layers for all the shot points south of the rim. The velocity in the upper layer is about 5.9 km/sec with thickness ranging from 2 to 8 km; beneath the upper layer the velocity is about 6.1 km/sec. The upper layer seems to be absent northeast of the rim, where two shot points generated Pg arrivals that show only a velocity of 6.2 km/sec. A Poisson ratio of 0.22 for the upper crustal layers was measured from shear and compressional arrivals. The lower crust could not be identified from the first and later refraction arrivals; however, minimum depths to the intermediate layer were determined. An average crustal velocity of 6.2 km/sec was measured from wide-angle reflection alignments. A thin intermediate layer would explain the seismic measurements.
A delay-time method was used to map the configuration of the M-discontinuity. The depth below sea level is about 36 km along the northwest-trending line. The northeast-trending line shows a shallow depth of 21 km near Gila Bend, increasing depth to about 34 km under TFO, and a flat M-discontinuity at 40 km depth under the Mogollon Mesa northeast to Sunrise Springs. There is evidence of an abrupt depth change of about 4 km on the M-discontinuity in the vicinity of TFO. The velocity in the upper mantle is 7.85 km/sec. The relation of topographic elevation to crustal thickness suggests an approach to isostatic equilibrium, which is deduced from a near-zero regional free-air gravity anomaly. However, lateral density change in the upper mantle is required to make the crustal-refraction model fit the observed gravity-anomaly values, provided that velocity and density are linearly related.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[257:ASSOCS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Warren, D.H., 1969, A seismic-refraction survey of crustal structure in central Arizona: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 80, no. 2, p. 257-282, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[257:ASSOCS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"282","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389345,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","city":"Payson","otherGeospatial":"Gila Bend, Mogollon Mesa, Mogollon Rim, Sunrise Springs, Tonto Forest Seismological Observatory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.028076171875,\n 32.62087018318113\n ],\n [\n -109.4732666015625,\n 35.808904044068626\n ],\n [\n -113.69750976562499,\n 36.02244668175846\n ],\n [\n -113.45581054687499,\n 32.491230287947594\n ],\n [\n -110.028076171875,\n 32.62087018318113\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warren, David H.","contributorId":106128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70224279,"text":"70224279 - 1969 - Experiments on formation of contorted structures in mud","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-20T11:40:56.009777","indexId":"70224279","displayToPublicDate":"1969-02-01T06:31:42","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experiments on formation of contorted structures in mud","docAbstract":"Contorted structures can be formed in mud or sand as a result of differential loading. Fifteen sets of experiments were conducted in water tanks to test various factors of possible significance in the contortion of mud by loading. Of six factors tested, the most significant was distribution of load, but others affecting the type of structure under certain conditions were (1) the manner of depositing the mud, (2) the form of the underlying surface, (3) the direction of loading, and (4) the movement or lack of movement of water during loading. Organic material was shown to be unneccessary in forming conical structure or convolute bedding. Strength of base had little or no influence on convolute-structure development.
Contortions ranged from the simple anticlinal type with vertical axial plane, commonly referred to as convolute, to structures with gently dipping axial planes, to others with lateral extensions or “flames” from the apexes, and, finally, to those with complex overturned folds. Causes of these variations were determined in terms of the factors listed above. Some additional forms of contorted bedding result from other types of penecontemporaneous deformation such as slumping from undermining or from oversteepening, differential lateral movement, and surface drag; these forms differ from those structures formed by loading.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[231:EOFOCS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"McKee, E.D., and Goldberg, M., 1969, Experiments on formation of contorted structures in mud: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 80, no. 2, p. 231-243, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[231:EOFOCS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"243","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389460,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKee, Edwin D.","contributorId":60207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldberg, Moshe","contributorId":265811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Moshe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70219893,"text":"70219893 - 1969 - Vertical density currents — II","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-22T17:24:29.016835","indexId":"70219893","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-31T06:25:16","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vertical density currents — II","docAbstract":"Examples of vertical density currents wholly within the domain of laminar flow, one in a water solution, the other in air, have come to my attention. Both examples illustrate new ways of introducing and dispersing microscopic particles into static fluids and both demonstrate that a stable, clearly defined layer of dispersed particles forms first and that the vertical density currents originate and flow from the lower part of this layer. The new information comes from wholly unrelated lines of research, one in virology, and the other in mycology. Neither investigation was aimed at hydrodynamics yet both provide good experimental support for vertical density currents.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.4319/lo.1969.14.1.0001","usgsCitation":"Bradley, W.H., 1969, Vertical density currents — II: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 14, no. 1, p. 1-3, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1969.14.1.0001.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":385139,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, W. H.","contributorId":102452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":814325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}