{"pageNumber":"6486","pageRowStart":"162125","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184904,"records":[{"id":95204,"text":"95204 - 1969 - Cold-blooded vertebrate immunity to metazoa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:51","indexId":"95204","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Cold-blooded vertebrate immunity to metazoa","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Immunity to Parasitic Animals, Volume 1","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"Appleton-Century-Crofts, Meredith Corp.","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","collaboration":"202/FH","usgsCitation":"Snieszko, S.F., 1969, Cold-blooded vertebrate immunity to metazoa, chap. <i>of</i> Immunity to Parasitic Animals, Volume 1, p. 267-275.","productDescription":"p. 267-275","startPage":"267","endPage":"275","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae938","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Jackson, G.L.","contributorId":113342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505376,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herman, R.","contributorId":28565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505374,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Singer, I.","contributorId":111879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505375,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Snieszko, S. F.","contributorId":13169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snieszko","given":"S.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70009767,"text":"70009767 - 1969 - Some triple-filament lead isotope ratio measurements and an absolute growth curve for single-stage leads","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T20:42:06.960752","indexId":"70009767","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Some triple-filament lead isotope ratio measurements and an absolute growth curve for single-stage leads","docAbstract":"<p>Triple-filament analyses of three standard lead samples are used to calibrate a mass spectrometer in an absolute sense. The bias we measure is 0.0155 percent per mass unit, and the precision (for 95% confidence limits) is ±0.13% or less for all ratios relative to<sup>204</sup>Pb. Although its precision is not quite so good as that of the lead-tetramethyl method in the analysis of large samples, the triple-filament method is less complex and is an attractive alternative for smaller sample sizes down to 500 μg.</p><p>Triple-filament data are presented for six possibly single-stage lead ores and one feldspar. These new data for ores are combined with corrected tetramethyl data for stratiform lead deposits to compute absolute parameters for a universal single-stage lead isotope growth curve. Absolute isotopic ratios for primeval lead have been determined by Oversby and because all the previous data for both meteorites and lead ores were similarly fractionated, the absolute value of<sup>238</sup>U<sup>204</sup>Pb= 9.09 ± 0.06 for stratiform leads is little different from the value 8.99 ± 0.05 originally computed by Ostic, Russell and Stanton.</p><p>Absolute values for lead isotope ratios for all interlaboratory standard samples presently available from the literature are tabulated.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(69)90154-X","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Stacey, J.S., Delevaux, M., and Ulrych, T., 1969, Some triple-filament lead isotope ratio measurements and an absolute growth curve for single-stage leads: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 6, no. 1, p. 15-25, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(69)90154-X.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b92f2e4b08c986b31a1df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stacey, J. S.","contributorId":72785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stacey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Delevaux, M.E.","contributorId":6185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delevaux","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ulrych, T.J.","contributorId":88874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ulrych","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70185803,"text":"pp669D - 1969 - The rapids and the pools - Grand Canyon: Chapter D in <i>The Colorado River region and John Wesley Powell (Professional Paper 669)</i>","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70185803,"text":"pp669D - 1969 - The rapids and the pools - Grand Canyon: Chapter D in <i>The Colorado River region and John Wesley Powell (Professional Paper 669)</i>","indexId":"pp669D","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"The rapids and the pools - Grand Canyon: Chapter D in <i>The Colorado River region and John Wesley Powell (Professional Paper 669)</i>"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":25022,"text":"pp669 - 1969 - The Colorado River region and John Wesley Powell","indexId":"pp669","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"title":"The Colorado River region and John Wesley Powell"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":25022,"text":"pp669 - 1969 - The Colorado River region and John Wesley Powell","indexId":"pp669","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"title":"The Colorado River region and John Wesley Powell"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T10:46:45","indexId":"pp669D","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"669","chapter":"D","title":"The rapids and the pools - Grand Canyon: Chapter D in <i>The Colorado River region and John Wesley Powell (Professional Paper 669)</i>","docAbstract":"<p><span>Through the Grand Canyon the Colorado drops in elevation about 2,200 feet in 280 miles; most of this drop occurs in rapids that account for only 10 percent of the distance. Despite the importance of rapids, there are no waterfalls. Depth measurements made at 1/10-mile intervals show that the bed profile is highly irregular, but the apparent randomness masks an organized alternation of deeps and shallows. Measurement of the age of a lava flow that once blocked the canyon near Toroweap shows that no appreciable deepening of the canyon has taken place during the last million years. It is reasoned that the river has had both the time and the ability to eliminate the rapids. The long-continued existence and the relative straightness of the longitudinal profile indicate that the river maintains a state of quasi-equilibrium which provides the hydraulic requirements for carrying the debris load brought in from upstream without continued erosion of the canyon bed. The maintenance of the alternating pools and rapids seems to be a necessary part of this poised or equilibrium condition.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Colorado River region and John Wesley Powell (Professional Paper 669)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/pp669D","usgsCitation":"Leopold, L.B., 1969, The rapids and the pools - Grand Canyon: Chapter D in <i>The Colorado River region and John Wesley Powell (Professional Paper 669)</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 669, iii, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp669D.","productDescription":"iii, 15 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"145","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":338559,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":338558,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0669/report.pdf#page=147"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc824e4b02ff32c685770","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leopold, Luna Bergere","contributorId":93884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leopold","given":"Luna","email":"","middleInitial":"Bergere","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70011468,"text":"70011468 - 1969 - Determination of palladium and platinum by atomic absorption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T18:16:03.964309","indexId":"70011468","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3517,"text":"Talanta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of palladium and platinum by atomic absorption","docAbstract":"<div id=\"aep-abstract-id4\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id5\"><p>Palladium and platinum are determined by atomic absorption after fire-assay concentration into a gold bead. The limit of determination is ~0·06 ppm in a 20-g sample. Serious depressive interelement interferences are removed by buffering the solutions with a mixture of cadmium and copper sulphates with cadmium and copper concentrations each at 0·5%. Substantial amounts of Ag, Al, Au, Bi, Ca, Co, Cr, Fe, Hg, K, La, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Te, Ti, V, Y, Zn, and the platinum metals do not interfere in the atomic-absorption determination.</p></div></div><div id=\"aep-abstract-id6\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"de\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0039-9140(69)80080-9","issn":"00399140","usgsCitation":"Schnepfe, M., and Grimaldi, F.S., 1969, Determination of palladium and platinum by atomic absorption: Talanta, v. 16, no. 5, p. 591-595, https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-9140(69)80080-9.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"591","endPage":"595","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffbbe4b0c8380cd4f376","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schnepfe, M. M.","contributorId":93622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnepfe","given":"M. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grimaldi, F. S.","contributorId":94286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimaldi","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70190906,"text":"70190906 - 1969 - Selected hydrologic data, southern Utah and Goshen Valleys, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-17T10:10:47","indexId":"70190906","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5498,"text":"Utah Basic-Data Release","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"16","title":"Selected hydrologic data, southern Utah and Goshen Valleys, Utah","docAbstract":"<p>The purpose of this report is to present basic geologic, ground-water, surface-water, and quality of water data that are useful for the study and effective development of the water resources of southern Utah and Goshen Valleys. This report supplements an interpretive report which will be published later.</p><p>Much of the basic data was collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights, during the years 1935-67. Data collected by other organizations are also included in this report.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with The Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Cordova, R., 1969, Selected hydrologic data, southern Utah and Goshen Valleys, Utah: Utah Basic-Data Release 16, iii, 35 p.","productDescription":"iii, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"41","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345822,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":345821,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/docview.exe?Folder=TP21-1-310&Title=Basic+Data+Report+16"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Goshen Valley, Utah Valley","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59bf899de4b091459a5e0893","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cordova, R.M.","contributorId":77511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordova","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70011469,"text":"70011469 - 1969 - Phosphorus fractionation diagram as a quantitative indicator of crystallization differentiation of basaltic liquids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T18:14:51.227318","indexId":"70011469","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phosphorus fractionation diagram as a quantitative indicator of crystallization differentiation of basaltic liquids","docAbstract":"<p>Distribution factors of phosphorus (P in mineral/P in liquid) between phenocryst minerals and coexisting basaltic groundmass are: olivine (Fa<sub>20</sub>: 0.04 to 0.02; orthopyroxene (Fs<sub>20</sub>): 0.01; augite: 0.02 to 0.01; plagioclase: 0.02; ilmenite: 0.04. Because of the smallness of these distribution factors the ratio of phosphorus in the initial liquid to that in the residual liquid (phosphorus ratio) ideally equals the mass fraction of residual liquid minus 0.00 –0.04. The phosphorus ratio facilitates, therefore, quantitative comparison of the variation of major and minor elements with crystallization of basaltic liquids.</p><p>A<span>&nbsp;</span><i>phosphorus fractionation diagram</i><span>&nbsp;</span>is a log-log graph of the wt. % of any chemical element or oxide vs. the phosphorus ratio. The slopes of variation curves on such a fractionation diagram approximately equal unity minus the crystal aggregate/liquid distribution factor. Knowledge of the<span>&nbsp;</span><i>individual</i><span>&nbsp;</span>mineral/liquid distribution factors makes it possible to estimate the relative proportions of crystallizing minerals from the slopes of curves on a phosphorus fractionation diagram prior to the crystallization of apatite or other phosphorus-rich mineral. This was done fairly successfully for the Alae Lava Lake, Hawaii.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(69)90129-X","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Anderson, A.T., and Greenland, L., 1969, Phosphorus fractionation diagram as a quantitative indicator of crystallization differentiation of basaltic liquids: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 33, no. 4, p. 493-505, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(69)90129-X.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"493","endPage":"505","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a78b8e4b0c8380cd78777","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, A. T.","contributorId":71317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greenland, L. P.","contributorId":56368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenland","given":"L. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70175282,"text":"70175282 - 1969 - Sediment Transport in Streams in the Umpqua River Basin, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-04T13:06:46","indexId":"70175282","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Sediment Transport in Streams in the Umpqua River Basin, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>This report presents tables of suspended-sediment data collected from 1956 to 1967 at 10 sites in the Umpqua River basin. Computations based on these data indicate that average annual suspended-sediment yields at these sites range from 137 to 822 tons per square mile. Because available data for the Umpqua River basin are generally inadequate for accurate determinations of sediment yield and for the definition of characteristics of fluvial sediments, recommendations are made for the collection and analysis of additional sediment data.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","doi":"10.3133/70175282","usgsCitation":"Onions, C.A., 1969, Sediment Transport in Streams in the Umpqua River Basin, Oregon: Open-File Report, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70175282.","productDescription":"45 p.","numberOfPages":"48","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326080,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70175282.jpg"},{"id":326113,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70175282/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Umpqua River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.398193359375,\n              42.61374895431491\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.398193359375,\n              43.45291889355465\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.9976806640625,\n              43.45291889355465\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.9976806640625,\n              42.61374895431491\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.398193359375,\n              42.61374895431491\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a315d0e4b006cb45558b94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Onions, C. A.","contributorId":173446,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Onions","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70175664,"text":"70175664 - 1969 - Ground-water discharge from the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1968","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T15:25:15","indexId":"70175664","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5177,"text":"Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"20","title":"Ground-water discharge from the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1968","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Edwards Underground Water District","usgsCitation":"Puente, C., 1969, Ground-water discharge from the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1968: Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin 20, 5 p.","productDescription":"5 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326765,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58ad1e4b03bcb0104bbc4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Puente, Celso","contributorId":36140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puente","given":"Celso","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70009828,"text":"70009828 - 1969 - Magnetic susceptibility and exchange coupling in the mineral ardennite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T20:16:10.19269","indexId":"70009828","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2428,"text":"Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magnetic susceptibility and exchange coupling in the mineral ardennite","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ardennite, a rare silicate mineral, contains about 19 wt.% manganese. Some of the manganese atoms are in positions which are close enough to allow negative exchange and hence a reduction of the total magnetic susceptibility. It is shown that the susceptibility can be accounted for approximately by the treatment of Earnshaw and Lewis (1958) for&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mtext>S =</mtext><mtext>5</mtext><mtext>2</mtext></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">S =52</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;and a Hamiltonian&nbsp;</span><i>H</i><span>&nbsp;= −2</span><i>g</i><span>μ</span><i>H</i><sub><i>b</i></sub><span>−2</span><i>JS</i><sub>1</sub><span>·</span><i>S</i><sub>2</sub><span>.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-3697(69)90149-8","issn":"00223697","usgsCitation":"Thorpe, A.N., Senftle, F.E., and Donnay, G., 1969, Magnetic susceptibility and exchange coupling in the mineral ardennite: Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, v. 30, no. 9, p. 2235-2239, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3697(69)90149-8.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"2235","endPage":"2239","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219723,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4b8ce4b0c8380cd6960a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorpe, A. N.","contributorId":53504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorpe","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senftle, F. E.","contributorId":47788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senftle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Donnay, G.","contributorId":97625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donnay","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70009791,"text":"70009791 - 1969 - The morphology and chronology of a landslide near Dillon Dam, Dillon, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T20:31:24.162629","indexId":"70009791","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The morphology and chronology of a landslide near Dillon Dam, Dillon, Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>Investigations were made of a landslide at the Dillon Dam site, Dillon, Colo., that included detailed laboratory and field analyses of the mineralogy, chemistry, and physical properties of landslide materials and the bedrock formations from which they were derived. These investigations provide an understanding of the relative importance of various factors contributing to the origin and reactivation of a landslide in overburden resting on the Morrison Formation. The landslide material consists dominantly of an aggregate of large to small angular fragments of quartzite and sandstone from the Dakota Formation, embedded in a matrix of very fine grained to colloidal clayey substances derived mainly from the upper, noncalcareous portion of the Morrison Formation.</p><p>During construction of Dillon Dam and associated structures, excavation of the toe of an old, relatively stable landslide adjacent to the left abutment caused renewed movement that threatened engulfment of the intake structure at the portal of the diversion tunnel for the reservoir. Remedial measures included excavation of a large volume of the landslide material and construction of a gravel-fill coffer- dam on bedrock at the toe of the landslide.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0013-7952(69)90004-0","issn":"00137952","usgsCitation":"Wahlstrom, E., and Nichols, T.C., 1969, The morphology and chronology of a landslide near Dillon Dam, Dillon, Colorado: Engineering Geology, v. 3, no. 2, p. 149-174, https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(69)90004-0.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"174","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218598,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Dillon Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.45477294921874,\n              39.42452501272267\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.63491821289062,\n              39.42452501272267\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.63491821289062,\n              39.84334044044997\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.45477294921874,\n              39.84334044044997\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.45477294921874,\n              39.42452501272267\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505badede4b08c986b323e6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wahlstrom, E.E.","contributorId":69704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahlstrom","given":"E.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, T. C. Jr.","contributorId":95482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"T.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70009805,"text":"70009805 - 1969 - Determination of rhenium in molybdenite by X-ray fluorescence. A combined chemical-spectrometric technique","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T20:23:16.263479","indexId":"70009805","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3517,"text":"Talanta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of rhenium in molybdenite by X-ray fluorescence. A combined chemical-spectrometric technique","docAbstract":"<div id=\"aep-abstract-id5\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id6\"><p>Rhenium in molybdenite is separated from molybdenum by distillation of rhenium heptoxide from a perchloric-sulphuric acid mixture. It is concentrated by precipitation of the sulphide and then determined by X-ray fluorescence. From 3 to 1000 μg of rhenium can be measured with a precision generally within 2%. The procedure tolerates larger amounts of molybdenum than the usual colorimetric methods.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0039-9140(69)80238-9","issn":"00399140","usgsCitation":"Solt, M., Wahlberg, J., and Myers, A., 1969, Determination of rhenium in molybdenite by X-ray fluorescence. A combined chemical-spectrometric technique: Talanta, v. 16, no. 1, p. 37-43, https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-9140(69)80238-9.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"43","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffc1e4b0c8380cd4f39e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Solt, M.W.","contributorId":79224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solt","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wahlberg, J.S.","contributorId":59850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahlberg","given":"J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Myers, A.T.","contributorId":8468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70009793,"text":"70009793 - 1969 - Computer-produced tables, maps, and diagrams as tools in the interpretation of brine data from southeastern Kansas (U.S.A.)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T20:28:01.869145","indexId":"70009793","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Computer-produced tables, maps, and diagrams as tools in the interpretation of brine data from southeastern Kansas (U.S.A.)","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id6\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id7\"><p id=\"simple-para.0010\">The applicability of computer-oriented techniques to assist in the interpretation of brine data is demonstrated by the use of six programs on data from two example areas. These programs include a data tabling routine; routines for producing Stiff, Piper, and Ropes diagrams; programs for calculating ionic ratios; and programs for plotting maps of chemical data. The examples illustrate: (1) the range in water quality and contamination of potable water by brines in Stafford, Pratt, and Barber Counties, and (2) the change in water quality in the Arbuckle Group from southeast to south-central Kansas.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(69)90052-7","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"McNellis, J., Morgan, C., and Lowell, B., 1969, Computer-produced tables, maps, and diagrams as tools in the interpretation of brine data from southeastern Kansas (U.S.A.): Chemical Geology, v. 4, no. 1-2, p. 303-324, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(69)90052-7.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"303","endPage":"324","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218600,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.7890625,\n              36.96744946416934\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.5703125,\n              36.96744946416934\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.5703125,\n              38.151837403006766\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.7890625,\n              38.151837403006766\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.7890625,\n              36.96744946416934\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f972e4b0c8380cd4d5f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McNellis, J.M.","contributorId":58662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNellis","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morgan, C.O.","contributorId":24482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"C.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowell, B.H.","contributorId":87282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowell","given":"B.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70009778,"text":"70009778 - 1969 - Geochemistry and origin of formation waters in the western Canada sedimentary basin-I. Stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T20:38:46.584417","indexId":"70009778","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry and origin of formation waters in the western Canada sedimentary basin-I. Stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id6\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id7\"><p>Stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen, together with chemical analyses, were determined for 20 surface waters, 8 shallow potable formation waters, and 79 formation waters from oil fields and gas fields. The observed isotope ratios can be explained by mixing of surface water and diagenetically modified sea water, accompanied by a process which enriches the heavy oxygen isotope. Mass balances for deuterium and total dissolved solids in the western Canada sedimentary basin demonstrate that the present distribution of deuterium in formation waters of the basin can be derived through mixing of the diagenetically modified sea water with not more than 2.9 times as much fresh water at the same latitude, and that the movement of fresh water through the basin has redistributed the dissolved solids of the modified sea water into the observed salinity variations. Statistical analysis of the isotope data indicates that although exchange of deuterium between water and hydrogen sulphide takes place within the basin, the effect is minimized because of an insignificant mass of hydrogen sulphide compared to the mass of formation water. Conversely, exchange of oxygen isotopes between water and carbonate minerals causes a major oxygen-18 enrichment of formation waters, depending on the relative masses of water and carbonate. Qualitative evidence confirms the isotopic fractionation of deuterium on passage of water through micropores in shales.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(69)90178-1","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Hitchon, B., and Friedman, I., 1969, Geochemistry and origin of formation waters in the western Canada sedimentary basin-I. Stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 33, no. 11, p. 1321-1349, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(69)90178-1.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"1321","endPage":"1349","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219571,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Alberta","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.14648437499999,\n              60.02095215374802\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.05859375,\n              53.74871079689897\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.037109375,\n              52.10650519075632\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.873046875,\n              49.95121990866204\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.521484375,\n              49.095452162534826\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.951171875,\n              49.03786794532644\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.951171875,\n              59.977005492196\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.14648437499999,\n              60.02095215374802\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a16d9e4b0c8380cd552aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hitchon, B.","contributorId":40343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitchon","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friedman, I.","contributorId":95596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70009829,"text":"70009829 - 1969 - Determination of traces of silver in waters by anion exchange and atomic absorption spectrophotometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T20:14:54.206493","indexId":"70009829","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":760,"text":"Analytica Chimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of traces of silver in waters by anion exchange and atomic absorption spectrophotometry","docAbstract":"<p><span>A method has been developed for the accurate determination of 0.1–1 μg of silver per liter of water. The method permits stabilization of silver in water without loss to container walls. Optimum conditions have been established for the complete recovery of silver from water with an anion-exchange column, for quantitative elution of silver from the resin, and for measurement of silver by atomic absorption spectrophotometry after chelation with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate and extraction of the chelate with MIBK. Silver in the 1–10&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mtext>&amp;#x3BC;g</mtext><mtext>1</mtext></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">μg1</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;range can be determined by extraction without pre-concentration on an ion-exchange resin.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0003-2670(01)95667-3","issn":"00032670","usgsCitation":"Chao, T.T., Fishman, M.J., and Ball, J., 1969, Determination of traces of silver in waters by anion exchange and atomic absorption spectrophotometry: Analytica Chimica Acta, v. 47, no. 2, p. 189-195, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)95667-3.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"195","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219724,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffe2e4b0c8380cd4f459","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chao, T. T.","contributorId":31900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chao","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fishman, M. J.","contributorId":65069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishman","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ball, J.W.","contributorId":67507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70009827,"text":"70009827 - 1969 - A purple-colored 1M mica clay from Silverton, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-25T14:40:30","indexId":"70009827","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1245,"text":"Clays and Clay Minerals","onlineIssn":"1552-8367","printIssn":"0009-8604","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A purple-colored 1M mica clay from Silverton, Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>A purple-colored clay of 1M mica polymorph in association with lead-zinc ore was collected from an abandoned mine dump near Silverton, Colorado. Electron micrographs show that the crystallites of the clay are less than 2µ in size and have poorly developed hexagonal outlines. Differential thermal and i.r. absorption analyses indicate similarity with those of muscovite. The structural formula of the 1M mica polymorph is (K<sub>1.45&nbsp;</sub>Na<sub>0.02</sub>) (Al<sub>3.75</sub> Mg<sub>0.19</sub>) (Si<sub>6.90</sub>&nbsp;Al<sub>1.10</sub>) O<sub>20</sub>(OH)<sub>4</sub>. The purple color may be related to trace amounts of manganese in the clay.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Clay Minerals Society","doi":"10.1346/CCMN.1969.0170408","usgsCitation":"Tien, P., 1969, A purple-colored 1M mica clay from Silverton, Colorado: Clays and Clay Minerals, v. 17, no. 4, p. 245-249, https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1969.0170408.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"249","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219651,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Silverton","volume":"17","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e522e4b0c8380cd46b4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tien, Pei-Lin","contributorId":51013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tien","given":"Pei-Lin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70009764,"text":"70009764 - 1969 - Geologic structure between the Murray fracture zone and the Transverse Ranges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-30T14:04:07.656803","indexId":"70009764","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic structure between the Murray fracture zone and the Transverse Ranges","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id4\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id5\"><p>The Murray fracture has been thought to extend ashore into the Transverse Ranges of California, but a geophysical study shows no evidence of structural continuity between these features. Instead, basement morphology typical of the Murray fracture zone ends where its known magnetic and bathymetric expression dies out. Similarly, east-west Transverse Range structures change direction so that they are parallel to the northwest trend of the coast rather than crossing the continental shelf and slope. The lack of continuity suggests an independent development of the Transverse Ranges since at least mid-Tertiary time along an older structural trend continuous with the Murray fracture zone. Possibly a fundamental lineament in the crust, an extension of the Murray, inactive since at least the mid-Tertiary, provided a convenient trend for development of the Transverse Ranges in response to deformation along the San Andreas fault system. The Murray fracture zone is thought by some authors to be a transform-fault. The transform-fault hypothesis alleviates some difficulties that arise in explaining the origin of the zone by transcurrent faulting but equivalent uncertainties seem to accompany the newer explanation.</p></div></div></div><ul id=\"issue-navigation\" class=\"issue-navigation u-margin-s-bottom u-bg-grey1\"></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(69)90020-6","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"von Huene, R.E., 1969, Geologic structure between the Murray fracture zone and the Transverse Ranges: Marine Geology, v. 7, no. 6, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(69)90020-6.","productDescription":"23 p.","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":219329,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a21e8e4b0c8380cd56bc4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"von Huene, Roland E. 0000-0003-1301-3866 rvonhuene@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1301-3866","contributorId":191070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"von Huene","given":"Roland","email":"rvonhuene@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7065,"text":"USGS emeritus","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":357087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70009765,"text":"70009765 - 1969 - Beach lamination: Nature and origin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T20:44:06.304826","indexId":"70009765","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Beach lamination: Nature and origin","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id4\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id5\"><p>A distinctive two-fold sedimentation unit characterizes lamination in the upper swash zone of beaches. Within the unit a fine and/or a heavy mineral rich layer at the base grades upward into a coarser and/or a heavy mineral poor layer at the top. This distinctive type of lamination results from grain segregation within bed flow during wave backwash.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(69)90023-1","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Clifton, H., 1969, Beach lamination: Nature and origin: Marine Geology, v. 7, no. 6, p. 553-559, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(69)90023-1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"553","endPage":"559","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f02fe4b0c8380cd4a629","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clifton, H.E.","contributorId":44151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clifton","given":"H.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70009806,"text":"70009806 - 1969 - Extraction of vanadium into isobutyl methyl ketone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T20:21:30.608559","indexId":"70009806","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3517,"text":"Talanta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extraction of vanadium into isobutyl methyl ketone","docAbstract":"<div id=\"aep-abstract-id5\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id6\"><p>Because of its advantages in atomic-absorption spectroscopy, isobutyl methyl ketone was chosen as organic solvent for an extraction study on vanadium. Of eight chelating agents which were evaluated for completeness of extraction, ease of use, working pH range, and freedom from interference, cupferron was judged best.</p></div></div><div id=\"aep-abstract-id7\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"de\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0039-9140(69)80252-3","issn":"00399140","usgsCitation":"Crump-Wiesner, H.J., and Purdy, W., 1969, Extraction of vanadium into isobutyl methyl ketone: Talanta, v. 16, no. 1, p. 124-129, https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-9140(69)80252-3.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"124","endPage":"129","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e62e4b0c8380cd53417","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crump-Wiesner, Hans J.","contributorId":58017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crump-Wiesner","given":"Hans","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Purdy, W.C.","contributorId":48307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purdy","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70011502,"text":"70011502 - 1969 - Pecoraite, Ni6Si4O10(OH)8, nickel analog of clinochrysotile, formed in the wolf creek meteorite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-27T07:39:21","indexId":"70011502","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pecoraite, Ni6Si4O10(OH)8, nickel analog of clinochrysotile, formed in the wolf creek meteorite","docAbstract":"Pecoraite is a new phase in the natural system H2O-NiO-MgO- SiO2, the nickel analog of clinochrysotile. It occurs in cracks in the Wolf Creek meteorite in Australia where it was formed under hydrothermal conditions. Particles of pecoraite are very small curved plates which have begun to coil; some have achieved spiral form.","language":"English","publisher":"Science","doi":"10.1126/science.165.3888.59","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Faust, G.T., Fahey, J.J., Mason, B., and Dwornik, E., 1969, Pecoraite, Ni6Si4O10(OH)8, nickel analog of clinochrysotile, formed in the wolf creek meteorite: Science, v. 165, no. 3888, p. 59-60, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.165.3888.59.","productDescription":"2 p. ","startPage":"59","endPage":"60","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221179,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Australia 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G. T.","contributorId":25982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faust","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fahey, J. J.","contributorId":80665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fahey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mason, B.","contributorId":43021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dwornik, E.J.","contributorId":99128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwornik","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70011424,"text":"70011424 - 1969 - Chemical composition of selected Kansas brines as an aid to interpreting change in water chemistry with depth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T18:29:02.44387","indexId":"70011424","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical composition of selected Kansas brines as an aid to interpreting change in water chemistry with depth","docAbstract":"<p id=\"simple-para.0010\">Chemical analyses of approximately 1,881 samples of water from selected Kansas brines define the variations of water chemistry with depth and aquifer age. The most concentrated brines are found in the Permian rocks which occupy the intermediate section of the geologic column of this area. Salinity decreases below the Permian until the Ordovician (Arbuckle) horizon is reached and then increases until the Precambrian basement rocks are reached. Chemically, the petroleum brines studied in this small area fit the generally accepted pattern of an increase in calcium, sodium and chloride content with increasing salinity. They do not fit the often-predicted trend of increases in the calcium to chloride ratio, calcium content and salinity with depth and geologic age. The calcium to chloride ratio tends to be asymptotic to about 0.2 with increasing chloride content. Sulfate tends to decrease with increasing calcium content. Bicarbonate content is relatively constant with depth.</p><p id=\"simple-para.0015\">If many of the hypotheses concerning the chemistry of petroleum brines are valid, then the brines studied are anomolous. An alternative lies in accepting the thesis that exceptions to these hypotheses are rapidly becoming the rule and that indeed we still do not have a valid and general hypothesis to explain the origin and chemistry of petroleum brines.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(69)90053-9","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Dingman, R., and Angino, E., 1969, Chemical composition of selected Kansas brines as an aid to interpreting change in water chemistry with depth: Chemical Geology, v. 4, no. 1-2, p. 325-339, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(69)90053-9.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"325","endPage":"339","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-99.541116,36.999573],[-99.648652,36.999604],[-99.657658,37.000197],[-99.875409,37.001659],[-99.995201,37.001631],[-100.115722,37.002206],[-100.193754,37.002133],[-100.552683,37.000735],[-100.734517,36.999059],[-100.756894,36.999357],[-100.855634,36.998626],[-100.904274,36.998745],[-100.945469,36.998153],[-101.012641,36.998176],[-101.359674,36.996232],[-102.04224,36.993083],[-102.041749,37.034397],[-102.041809,37.111973],[-102.042092,37.125021],[-102.041963,37.258164],[-102.041664,37.29765],[-102.042089,37.352819],[-102.041524,37.375018],[-102.042016,37.535261],[-102.041574,37.680436],[-102.042158,37.760164],[-102.042953,37.803535],[-102.044644,38.045532],[-102.044255,38.113011],[-102.044589,38.125013],[-102.044251,38.141778],[-102.044944,38.384419],[-102.044442,38.415802],[-102.044936,38.41968],[-102.045324,38.453647],[-102.045074,38.669617],[-102.045334,38.799463],[-102.046571,39.047038],[-102.04937,39.41821],[-102.049554,39.538932],[-102.050422,39.646048],[-102.050099,39.653812],[-102.050594,39.675594],[-102.051569,39.849805],[-102.051744,40.003078],[-101.904176,40.003162],[-101.841025,40.002784],[-101.409953,40.002354],[-101.324036,40.002696],[-100.937427,40.002145],[-100.75883,40.002302],[-100.66023,40.002162],[-100.645445,40.001883],[-100.196959,40.001494],[-99.990926,40.001503],[-99.948167,40.001813],[-99.930433,40.001516],[-99.813401,40.0014],[-99.772121,40.001804],[-99.756835,40.001342],[-99.746628,40.00182],[-99.49766,40.001912],[-99.423565,40.00227],[-99.412645,40.001868],[-99.282967,40.001879],[-99.018701,40.002333],[-98.710404,40.00218],[-98.690287,40.002548],[-98.652494,40.002245],[-98.64071,40.002493],[-98.560578,40.002274],[-98.274017,40.002516],[-98.250008,40.002307],[-98.193483,40.002614],[-98.099659,40.002227],[-97.838379,40.00191],[-97.777155,40.002167],[-97.510264,40.001835],[-97.369199,40.00206],[-97.20231,40.001442],[-97.142448,40.001495],[-97.137866,40.001814],[-97.049663,40.001323],[-96.916093,40.001506],[-96.622401,40.001158],[-96.610349,40.000881],[-96.467536,40.001035],[-96.125937,40.000432],[-96.02409,40.000719],[-95.30829,39.999998],[-95.308404,39.993758],[-95.30778,39.990618],[-95.307111,39.989114],[-95.302507,39.984357],[-95.289715,39.977706],[-95.274757,39.972115],[-95.269886,39.969396],[-95.261854,39.960618],[-95.257652,39.954886],[-95.250254,39.948644],[-95.241383,39.944949],[-95.236761,39.943931],[-95.231114,39.943784],[-95.220212,39.944433],[-95.21644,39.943953],[-95.213737,39.943206],[-95.204428,39.938949],[-95.201277,39.934194],[-95.20069,39.928155],[-95.20201,39.922438],[-95.205745,39.915169],[-95.206326,39.912121],[-95.206196,39.909557],[-95.205733,39.908275],[-95.201935,39.904053],[-95.199347,39.902709],[-95.193816,39.90069],[-95.189565,39.899959],[-95.179453,39.900062],[-95.172296,39.902026],[-95.159834,39.906984],[-95.156024,39.907243],[-95.149657,39.905948],[-95.146055,39.904183],[-95.143802,39.901918],[-95.142563,39.897992],[-95.142445,39.89542],[-95.143403,39.889356],[-95.142718,39.885889],[-95.140601,39.881688],[-95.137092,39.878351],[-95.134747,39.876852],[-95.128166,39.874165],[-95.105912,39.869164],[-95.090158,39.86314],[-95.085003,39.861883],[-95.081534,39.861718],[-95.052535,39.864374],[-95.042142,39.864805],[-95.037767,39.865542],[-95.032053,39.868337],[-95.027931,39.871522],[-95.025422,39.876711],[-95.025119,39.878833],[-95.025947,39.886747],[-95.02524,39.8897],[-95.024389,39.891202],[-95.018743,39.897372],[-95.013152,39.899953],[-95.00844,39.900596],[-95.003819,39.900401],[-94.990284,39.89701],[-94.986975,39.89667],[-94.977749,39.897472],[-94.963345,39.901136],[-94.959276,39.901671],[-94.95154,39.900533],[-94.943867,39.89813],[-94.934493,39.893366],[-94.929574,39.888754],[-94.927897,39.886112],[-94.927359,39.883966],[-94.927252,39.880258],[-94.928466,39.876344],[-94.931463,39.872602],[-94.938791,39.866954],[-94.940743,39.86441],[-94.942407,39.861066],[-94.942567,39.856602],[-94.939767,39.85193],[-94.937655,39.849786],[-94.92615,39.841322],[-94.916918,39.836138],[-94.909942,39.834426],[-94.903157,39.83385],[-94.892677,39.834378],[-94.889493,39.834026],[-94.886933,39.833098],[-94.881013,39.828922],[-94.878677,39.826522],[-94.877044,39.823754],[-94.876544,39.820594],[-94.875944,39.813294],[-94.876344,39.806894],[-94.880932,39.797338],[-94.884084,39.794234],[-94.890292,39.791626],[-94.892965,39.791098],[-94.925605,39.789754],[-94.929654,39.788282],[-94.932726,39.786282],[-94.935206,39.78313],[-94.935782,39.778906],[-94.935302,39.77561],[-94.934262,39.773642],[-94.929653,39.769098],[-94.926229,39.76649],[-94.916789,39.760938],[-94.912293,39.759338],[-94.906244,39.759418],[-94.899156,39.761258],[-94.895268,39.76321],[-94.883924,39.770186],[-94.88146,39.771258],[-94.871144,39.772994],[-94.869644,39.772894],[-94.867143,39.771694],[-94.865243,39.770094],[-94.863143,39.767294],[-94.860743,39.76309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 \"}}]}","volume":"4","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f569e4b0c8380cd4c1f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dingman, R.J.","contributorId":40645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dingman","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Angino, E.E.","contributorId":8972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angino","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70011425,"text":"70011425 - 1969 - U.S. Geological Survey standards-II. First compilation of data for the new U.S.G.S. rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T18:17:52.743703","indexId":"70011425","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U.S. Geological Survey standards-II. First compilation of data for the new U.S.G.S. rocks","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id4\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id5\"><p>Rock analyses, determinations of major and minor constituents, and determinations of 57 trace elements reported by analysts throughout the world are presented for the new series of U.S. Geological Survey rock samples. Averages for both the constituents generally reported in a rock analysis and the trace elements are given. Variances of the distributions of data by rock analysts for several oxides in G-2 are compared with similar variances for G-l.</p></div></div></div><ul id=\"issue-navigation\" class=\"issue-navigation u-margin-s-bottom u-bg-grey1\"></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(69)90094-5","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Flanagan, F., 1969, U.S. Geological Survey standards-II. First compilation of data for the new U.S.G.S. rocks: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 33, no. 1, p. 81-120, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(69)90094-5.","productDescription":"40 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"120","numberOfPages":"40","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221045,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbb15e4b08c986b3284c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flanagan, F.J.","contributorId":50139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flanagan","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70011467,"text":"70011467 - 1969 - Formation of halloysite from feldspar: Low temperature, artificial weathering versus natural weathering","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-25T14:37:21","indexId":"70011467","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1245,"text":"Clays and Clay Minerals","onlineIssn":"1552-8367","printIssn":"0009-8604","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Formation of halloysite from feldspar: Low temperature, artificial weathering versus natural weathering","docAbstract":"<p>Weathering products formed on surfaces of both potassium and plagioclase feldspar (An<sub>70</sub>), which were continuously leached in a Soxhlet extraction apparatus for 140 days with 7.21 of distilled water per day at a temperature of approximately 78°C, are morphologically identical to natural products developed on potassium feldspars weathered under conditions of good drainage in the humid tropics. The new products, which first appear as tiny bumps on the feldspar surface, start to develop mainly at exposed edges but also at apparently random sites on flat cleavage surfaces. As weathering continues, the bumps grow outward from the feldspar surface to form tapered projections, which then develop into wide-based thin films or sheets. The thin sheets of many projections merge laterally to form one continuous flame-shaped sheet. The sheets formed on potassium feldspars may then roll to form tubes that are inclined at a high angle to the feldspar surface. Etch pits of triangular outline on the artificially weathered potassium feldspars serve as sites for development of continuous, non-rolled, hollow tubes. It is inferred from its morphology that this weathering product is halloysite or its primitive form. The product of naturally weathered potassium feldspars is halloysite . 4H<sub>2</sub>O.</p><p>The flame-shaped films or sheets formed on artificially weathered plagioclase feldspar do not develop into hollow tubes, but instead give rise to a platy mineral that is most probably boehmite. These plates form within the flame-shaped films, and with continued weathering are released as the film deteriorates. There is no indication from this experiment that platy pseudohexagonal kaolinite forms from any of these minerals under the initial stage of weathering.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Clay Minerals Society","doi":"10.1346/CCMN.1969.0170104","usgsCitation":"Parham, W.E., 1969, Formation of halloysite from feldspar: Low temperature, artificial weathering versus natural weathering: Clays and Clay Minerals, v. 17, no. 1, p. 13-22, https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1969.0170104.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1350e4b0c8380cd545eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parham, Walter E.","contributorId":58022,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parham","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70011501,"text":"70011501 - 1969 - Oxygen isotope fractionation in divalent metal carbonates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-30T13:41:37.401641","indexId":"70011501","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2207,"text":"Journal of Chemical Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oxygen isotope fractionation in divalent metal carbonates","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div class=\"sectionInfo abstractSectionHeading\"><div id=\"fragmentNav_0\" class=\"sectionHeading\">Equilibrium fractionation factors for the distribution of <sup>18</sup>O between alkaline‐earth carbonates and water have been&nbsp;measured&nbsp;over the&nbsp;temperature&nbsp;range 0–500°C. The fractionation factors&nbsp;<span class=\"equationTd inline-formula\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=\">α\"&gt;<span id=\"MathJax-Span-1\" class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-2\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-3\" class=\"mi\">α</span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">α</span></span></span>&nbsp;can be represented by the equations<br></div></div><div class=\"NLM_paragraph\"><table class=\"formula-display mce-item-table\" border=\"0\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"equationTd\"><div class=\"MathJax_Display\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=\">CaCO3–H2O, 1000lnα = 2.78(106T−2)− 3.39,\"&gt;<span id=\"MathJax-Span-4\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-5\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-6\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-7\" class=\"mi\">CaCO</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-8\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-9\" class=\"mn\">3</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-10\" class=\"mi\">–</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-11\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-12\" class=\"mi\">H</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-13\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-14\" class=\"mn\">2</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-15\" class=\"mi\">O</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-16\" class=\"mtext\">, 1000</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-17\" class=\"mi\">ln</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-18\" class=\"msup\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-19\" class=\"mtext\">α = 2.78(10</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-20\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-21\" class=\"mn\">6</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-22\" class=\"msup\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-23\" class=\"mi\">T</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-24\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-25\" class=\"mtext\">−2</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-26\" class=\"mtext\">)− 3.39,</span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block\">CaCO3–H2O, 1000lnα = 2.78(106T−2)− 3.39,</span></span></div></td><td class=\"formulaLabel\"><br></td></tr></tbody></table><table class=\"formula-display mce-item-table\" border=\"0\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"equationTd\"><div class=\"MathJax_Display\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-3-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=\">SrCO3–H2O, 1000lnα = 2.69(106T−2)− 3.74,\"&gt;<span id=\"MathJax-Span-27\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-28\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-29\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-30\" class=\"mi\">SrCO</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-31\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-32\" class=\"mn\">3</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-33\" class=\"mi\">–</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-34\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-35\" class=\"mi\">H</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-36\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-37\" class=\"mn\">2</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-38\" class=\"mi\">O</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-39\" class=\"mtext\">, 1000</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-40\" class=\"mi\">ln</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-41\" class=\"msup\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-42\" class=\"mtext\">α = 2.69(10</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-43\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-44\" class=\"mn\">6</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-45\" class=\"msup\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-46\" class=\"mi\">T</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-47\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-48\" class=\"mtext\">−2</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-49\" class=\"mtext\">)− 3.74,</span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block\">SrCO3–H2O, 1000lnα = 2.69(106T−2)− 3.74,</span></span></div></td><td class=\"formulaLabel\"><br></td></tr></tbody></table><table class=\"formula-display mce-item-table\" border=\"0\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"equationTd\"><div class=\"MathJax_Display\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-4-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=\">BaCO3–H2O, 1000lnα = 2.57(106T−2)− 4.73.\"&gt;<span id=\"MathJax-Span-50\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-51\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-52\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-53\" class=\"mi\">BaCO</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-54\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-55\" class=\"mn\">3</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-56\" class=\"mi\">–</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-57\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-58\" class=\"mi\">H</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-59\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-60\" class=\"mn\">2</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-61\" class=\"mi\">O</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-62\" class=\"mtext\">, 1000</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-63\" class=\"mi\">ln</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-64\" class=\"msup\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-65\" class=\"mtext\">α = 2.57(10</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-66\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-67\" class=\"mn\">6</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-68\" class=\"msup\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-69\" class=\"mi\">T</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-70\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-71\" class=\"mtext\">−2</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-72\" class=\"mtext\">)− 4.73.</span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block\">BaCO3–H2O, 1000lnα = 2.57(106T−2)− 4.73.</span></span></div></td><td class=\"formulaLabel\"><br></td></tr></tbody></table>Measurements<span>&nbsp;</span>on MnCO<sub>3</sub>, CdCO<sub>3</sub>, and PbCO<sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>were made at isolated<span>&nbsp;</span>temperatures.<span>&nbsp;</span>A statistical‐mechanical calculation of the isotopic partition function ratios gives reasonably good agreement with experiment. Both cationic size and mass are important in isotopic fractionation, the former predominantly in its<span>&nbsp;</span>effect<span>&nbsp;</span>on the internal vibrations of the anion, the latter in its<span>&nbsp;</span>effect<span>&nbsp;</span>on the<span>&nbsp;</span>lattice vibrations.</div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Physics","doi":"10.1063/1.1671982","issn":"00219606","usgsCitation":"O’Neil, J.R., Clayton, R., and Mayeda, T., 1969, Oxygen isotope fractionation in divalent metal carbonates: Journal of Chemical Physics, v. 51, no. 12, p. 5547-5558, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1671982.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"5547","endPage":"5558","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221178,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7296e4b0c8380cd76bb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Neil, J. R.","contributorId":69633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neil","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clayton, R.N.","contributorId":36291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clayton","given":"R.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mayeda, T.K.","contributorId":30755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayeda","given":"T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70011506,"text":"70011506 - 1969 - Dilemma posed by uranium-series dates on archaeologically significant bones from Valsequillo, Puebla, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T18:10:04.921448","indexId":"70011506","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dilemma posed by uranium-series dates on archaeologically significant bones from Valsequillo, Puebla, Mexico","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id7\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id8\"><p>In an attempt to date stone artifacts of Early Man excavated from several sites at the Valsequillo Reservoir, a few kilometers south of Puebla, Mexico, Szabo applied the uranium-series method on bone samples known to be either from the same geologic formation as the sites or in direct association with the artifacts. The geologic context of the bones was studied by Malde, and the archaeological sites were excavated by Irwin-Williams. A date determined for bone associated with an artifact (Caulapan sample M-B-6, see below) agrees with a radiocarbon date for fossil mollusks in the same bed and indicates man's presence more than 20 000 years ago. However, some of these bone dates exceed 200 000 years. Because such dates for man in North America conflict with all prior archaeological evidence here and abroad, we are confronted by a dilemna — either to defend the dates against an onslaught of archaeological thought, or to abandon the uranium method in this application as being so much wasted effort. Faced with these equally undesirable alternatives, and unable to decide where the onus fairly lies (if a choice must be made), we give the uranium-series dates as a possible stimulus for further mutual work in isotopic dating of archaeological material. A sample from the Lindenmeier archaeological site north of Fort Collins and another from a Pleistocene terrace along the Arkansas River, both in Colorado, were also dated.</p></div></div></div><ul id=\"issue-navigation\" class=\"issue-navigation u-margin-s-bottom u-bg-grey1\"></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(69)90163-0","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Szabo, B.J., Malde, H., and Irwin-Williams, C., 1969, Dilemma posed by uranium-series dates on archaeologically significant bones from Valsequillo, Puebla, Mexico: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 6, no. 4, p. 237-244, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(69)90163-0.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"244","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221293,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Puebla","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.7396240234375,\n              18.411866765202845\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.22900390625,\n              18.411866765202845\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.22900390625,\n              19.68397023588844\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.7396240234375,\n              19.68397023588844\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.7396240234375,\n              18.411866765202845\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a019fe4b0c8380cd4fc9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Szabo, Barney J.","contributorId":6848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Barney","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malde, H.E.","contributorId":65863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malde","given":"H.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Irwin-Williams, C.","contributorId":64388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin-Williams","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70011507,"text":"70011507 - 1969 - A paleomagnetic study of secular variation in New Zealand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T18:07:51.155521","indexId":"70011507","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A paleomagnetic study of secular variation in New Zealand","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id4\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id5\"><p>Ancient secular variation in New Zealand was determined from paleomagnetic measurements on 22 volcanic formations with ages of less than 0.68 m.y. The angular standard deviation from the field of an axial dipole is 13.2° with 95% confidence limits between 10.9° and 16.7°. The angular standard deviation of the corresponding virtual geomagnetic poles is 19.6° with confidence limits between 16.2° and 24.7°. These values are larger than those predicted by most models for secular variation. No difference was detected between the angular secular variation in New Zealand and that at the same latitude in North America.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(69)90165-4","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Cox, A., 1969, A paleomagnetic study of secular variation in New Zealand: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 6, no. 4, p. 257-267, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(69)90165-4.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"267","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[173.02037,-40.91905],[173.24723,-41.332],[173.95841,-40.9267],[174.24759,-41.34916],[174.24852,-41.77001],[173.87645,-42.23318],[173.22274,-42.97004],[172.71125,-43.37229],[173.08011,-43.85334],[172.30858,-43.86569],[171.45293,-44.24252],[171.18514,-44.8971],[170.6167,-45.90893],[169.83142,-46.35577],[169.33233,-46.64124],[168.41135,-46.61994],[167.76374,-46.2902],[166.67689,-46.21992],[166.50914,-45.8527],[167.04642,-45.11094],[168.30376,-44.12397],[168.94941,-43.93582],[169.66781,-43.55533],[170.52492,-43.03169],[171.12509,-42.51275],[171.56971,-41.76742],[171.94871,-41.51442],[172.09723,-40.9561],[172.79858,-40.49396],[173.02037,-40.91905]]],[[[174.61201,-36.1564],[175.33662,-37.2091],[175.3576,-36.52619],[175.80889,-36.79894],[175.95849,-37.55538],[176.7632,-37.88125],[177.43881,-37.96125],[178.01035,-37.57982],[178.51709,-37.69537],[178.27473,-38.58281],[177.97046,-39.16634],[177.20699,-39.14578],[176.93998,-39.44974],[177.03295,-39.87994],[176.88582,-40.06598],[176.50802,-40.60481],[176.01244,-41.28962],[175.23957,-41.68831],[175.0679,-41.42589],[174.65097,-41.28182],[175.22763,-40.45924],[174.90016,-39.90893],[173.82405,-39.50885],[173.85226,-39.1466],[174.5748,-38.79768],[174.74347,-38.02781],[174.69702,-37.38113],[174.29203,-36.71109],[174.319,-36.53482],[173.841,-36.12198],[173.05417,-35.23713],[172.63601,-34.52911],[173.00704,-34.45066],[173.5513,-35.00618],[174.32939,-35.2655],[174.61201,-36.1564]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"New Zealand\"}}]}","volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4d0e4b0c8380cd46947","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cox, A.","contributorId":89266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}