In 1999, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, Wisconsin, conducted a diagnostic investigation into a water bird mortality event involving intoxication with avian botulism type C and infection with avian chlamydiosis at the Benton Lake National Wildlife Refuge in Montana, USA. Of 24 carcasses necropsied, 11 had lesions consistent with avian chlamydiosis, including two that tested positive for infectious Chlamydophila psittaci, and 12 were positive for avian botulism type C. One bird tested positive for both avian botulism type C and C. psittaci. Of 61 apparently healthy water birds sampled and released, 13 had serologic evidence of C. psittaci infection and 7 were, at the time of capture, shedding infectious C. psittaci via the cloacal or oropharyngeal route. Since more routinely diagnosed disease conditions may mask avian chlamydiosis, these findings support the need for a comprehensive diagnostic investigation when determining the cause of a wildlife mortality event.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Zoo Veterinarians","doi":"10.1638/2011-0200R1.1","usgsCitation":"Docherty, D., Franson, J., Brannian, R.E., Long, R.R., Radi, C.A., Krueger, D., and Johnson, R., 2012, Avian botulism and avian chlamydiosis in wild water birds, Benton Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Montana, USA: Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, v. 43, no. 4, p. 885-888, https://doi.org/10.1638/2011-0200R1.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"885","endPage":"888","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-023215","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270766,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Benton Lake National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.41132354736328,\n 47.7289324467281\n ],\n [\n -111.41372680664061,\n 47.638790988904766\n ],\n [\n -111.37115478515625,\n 47.63902232004572\n ],\n [\n -111.36909484863281,\n 47.62328946917188\n ],\n [\n -111.27983093261719,\n 47.623752267682875\n ],\n [\n -111.2691879272461,\n 47.64179821384579\n ],\n [\n -111.27777099609375,\n 47.72685401498223\n ],\n [\n -111.41132354736328,\n 47.7289324467281\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51653869e4b077fa94dadf94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Docherty, Douglas E.","contributorId":58245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Docherty","given":"Douglas E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franson, J. Christian 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":95002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J. Christian","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":476554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brannian, Roger E.","contributorId":107231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brannian","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Long, Renee R.","contributorId":13943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Renee","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Radi, Craig A.","contributorId":37618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radi","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Krueger, David","contributorId":106776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krueger","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, Robert F.","contributorId":92691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Robert F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70044034,"text":"70044034 - 2012 - Estimating occupancy in large landscapes: evaluation of amphibian monitoring in the greater Yellowstone ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-12T21:54:41","indexId":"70044034","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating occupancy in large landscapes: evaluation of amphibian monitoring in the greater Yellowstone ecosystem","docAbstract":"Monitoring of natural resources is crucial to ecosystem conservation, and yet it can pose many challenges. Annual surveys for amphibian breeding occupancy were conducted in Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks over a 4-year period (2006–2009) at two scales: catchments (portions of watersheds) and individual wetland sites. Catchments were selected in a stratified random sample with habitat quality and ease of access serving as strata. All known wetland sites with suitable habitat were surveyed within selected catchments. Changes in breeding occurrence of tiger salamanders, boreal chorus frogs, and Columbia-spotted frogs were assessed using multi-season occupancy estimation. Numerous a priori models were considered within an information theoretic framework including those with catchment and site-level covariates. Habitat quality was the most important predictor of occupancy. Boreal chorus frogs demonstrated the greatest increase in breeding occupancy at the catchment level. Larger changes for all 3 species were detected at the finer site-level scale. Connectivity of sites explained occupancy rates more than other covariates, and may improve understanding of the dynamic processes occurring among wetlands within this ecosystem. Our results suggest monitoring occupancy at two spatial scales within large study areas is feasible and informative.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-012-0273-0","usgsCitation":"Gould, W., Patla, D.A., Daley, R., Corn, P., Hossack, B.R., Bennetts, R.E., and Peterson, C.R., 2012, Estimating occupancy in large landscapes: evaluation of amphibian monitoring in the greater Yellowstone ecosystem: Wetlands, v. 32, no. 2, p. 379-389, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-012-0273-0.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"379","endPage":"389","ipdsId":"IP-032982","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272193,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272192,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-012-0273-0"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park;Grand Teton National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.16,43.54 ], [ -111.16,45.11 ], [ -109.83,45.11 ], [ -109.83,43.54 ], [ -111.16,43.54 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5190b9e0e4b05ebc8f7cc33c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gould, William R.","contributorId":63780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gould","given":"William R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patla, Debra A.","contributorId":40059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patla","given":"Debra","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daley, Rob","contributorId":14282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daley","given":"Rob","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Corn, Paul Stephen 0000-0002-4106-6335","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-6335","contributorId":107379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corn","given":"Paul Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":474682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564 blake_hossack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":1177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake","email":"blake_hossack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bennetts, Robert E.","contributorId":62508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennetts","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Peterson, Charles R.","contributorId":95738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70043301,"text":"70043301 - 2012 - Food security in a changing climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-24T10:43:53","indexId":"70043301","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3427,"text":"Solutions Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Food security in a changing climate","docAbstract":"By 2080 the effects of climate change—on heat waves, floods, sea level rise, and drought—could push an additional 600 million people into malnutrition and increase the number of people facing water scarcity by 1.8 billion. The precise impacts will, however, strongly depend on socioeconomic conditions such as local markets and food import dependence. In the near term, two factors are also changing the nature of food security: (1) rapid urbanization, with the proportion of the global population living in urban areas expanding from 13 percent in 1975 to greater than 50 percent at present, and (2) trade and domestic market liberalization since 1993, which has promoted removal of import controls, deregulation of prices, and the loss of preferential markets for many small economies.\n\nOver the last two years, the worst drought in decades has devastated eastern Africa. The resulting food-security crisis has affected roughly 13 million people and has reminded us that there is still a long way to go in addressing current climate-related risks. In the face of such profound changes and uncertainties, our approaches to food security must evolve. In this article, we describe four key elements that, in our view, will be essential to the success of efforts to address the linked challenges of food security and climate change.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Solutions Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Solutions","usgsCitation":"Pulwarty, R., Eilerts, G., and Verdin, J., 2012, Food security in a changing climate: Solutions Journal, v. 3, no. 1, p. 31-34.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"34","ipdsId":"IP-037246","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272781,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272780,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.thesolutionsjournal.com/node/1054"}],"volume":"3","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a08be0e4b0e4245580656e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pulwarty, Roger","contributorId":28149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pulwarty","given":"Roger","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eilerts, Gary","contributorId":31101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eilerts","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verdin, James 0000-0003-0238-9657","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":99647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70044270,"text":"70044270 - 2012 - Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-23T13:14:56","indexId":"70044270","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle","docAbstract":"In the Arctic Ocean, the cold and relatively fresh water beneath the sea ice is separated from the underlying warmer and saltier Atlantic Layer by a halocline. Ongoing sea ice loss and warming in the Arctic Ocean have demonstrated the instability of the halocline, with implications for further sea ice loss. The stability of the halocline through past climate variations is unclear. Here we estimate intermediate water temperatures over the past 50,000 years from the Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca values of ostracods from 31 Arctic sediment cores. From about 50 to 11 kyr ago, the central Arctic Basin from 1,000 to 2,500 m was occupied by a water mass we call Glacial Arctic Intermediate Water. This water mass was 1–2 °C warmer than modern Arctic Intermediate Water, with temperatures peaking during or just before millennial-scale Heinrich cold events and the Younger Dryas cold interval. We use numerical modelling to show that the intermediate depth warming could result from the expected decrease in the flux of fresh water to the Arctic Ocean during glacial conditions, which would cause the halocline to deepen and push the warm Atlantic Layer into intermediate depths. Although not modelled, the reduced formation of cold, deep waters due to the exposure of the Arctic continental shelf could also contribute to the intermediate depth warming.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature Geoscience","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/ngeo1557","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.M., Dwyer, G.S., Farmer, J., Bauch, H., Spielhagen, R., Jakobsson, M., Nilsson, J., Briggs, W.M., and Stepanova, A., 2012, Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle: Nature Geoscience, v. 5, p. 631-634, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1557.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"631","endPage":"634","ipdsId":"IP-034585","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/d83777bd","text":"External Repository"},{"id":271398,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271397,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1557"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic Ocean","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,70.0 ], [ -180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,70.0 ], [ -180.0,70.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5177ad64e4b095699adf274d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":475217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dwyer, G. S.","contributorId":39951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farmer, J.","contributorId":26419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bauch, H.A.","contributorId":46860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauch","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Spielhagen, R.F.","contributorId":97797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spielhagen","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jakobsson, M.","contributorId":86970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jakobsson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nilsson, J.","contributorId":97798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nilsson","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Briggs, W. M. Jr.","contributorId":60249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Stepanova, A.","contributorId":69441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stepanova","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70044954,"text":"70044954 - 2012 - An exploration hydrogeochemical study at the giant Pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit, Alaska, USA, using high-resolution ICP-MS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-14T15:15:26.279372","indexId":"70044954","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1758,"text":"Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An exploration hydrogeochemical study at the giant Pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit, Alaska, USA, using high-resolution ICP-MS","docAbstract":"A hydrogeochemical study using high resolution ICP-MS was undertaken at the giant Pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit and surrounding mineral occurrences. Surface water and groundwater samples from regional background and the deposit area were collected at 168 sites. Rigorous quality control reveals impressive results at low nanogram per litre (ng/l) levels. Sites with pH values below 5.1 are from ponds in the Pebble West area, where sulphide-bearing rubble crop is thinly covered. Relative to other study area waters, anomalous concentrations of Cu, Cd, K, Ni, Re, the REE, Tl, SO42− and F− are present in water samples from Pebble West. Samples from circum-neutral waters at Pebble East and parts of Pebble West, where cover is much thicker, have anomalous concentrations of Ag, As, In, Mn, Mo, Sb, Th, U, V, and W. Low-level anomalous concentrations for most of these elements were also found in waters surrounding nearby porphyry and skarn mineral occurrences. Many of these elements are present in low ng/l concentration ranges and would not have been detected using traditional quadrupole ICP-MS. Hydrogeochemical exploration paired with high resolution ICP-MS is a powerful new tool in the search for concealed deposits.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of London","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1144/1467-7873/11-RA-070","usgsCitation":"Eppinger, R.G., Fey, D.L., Giles, S.A., Kelley, K., and Smith, S.M., 2012, An exploration hydrogeochemical study at the giant Pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit, Alaska, USA, using high-resolution ICP-MS: Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis, v. 12, no. 3, p. 211-226, https://doi.org/10.1144/1467-7873/11-RA-070.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"226","ipdsId":"IP-029509","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270652,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Pebble","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.533203125,\n 59.70655581142613\n ],\n [\n -154.8193359375,\n 59.70655581142613\n ],\n [\n -154.8193359375,\n 60.343260013555195\n ],\n [\n -156.533203125,\n 60.343260013555195\n ],\n [\n -156.533203125,\n 59.70655581142613\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5163e6e3e4b0b7010f82014e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eppinger, Robert G. eppinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eppinger","given":"Robert","email":"eppinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fey, David L. dfey@usgs.gov","contributorId":713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"David","email":"dfey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Giles, Stuart A. 0000-0002-8696-5078 sgiles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8696-5078","contributorId":1233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giles","given":"Stuart","email":"sgiles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelley, Karen D. 0000-0002-3232-5809","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3232-5809","contributorId":57817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"Karen D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Steven M. 0000-0003-3591-5377 smsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3591-5377","contributorId":1460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Steven","email":"smsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70044357,"text":"70044357 - 2012 - Physical controls and predictability of stream hyporheic flow evaluated with a multiscale model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-09T14:54:58","indexId":"70044357","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physical controls and predictability of stream hyporheic flow evaluated with a multiscale model","docAbstract":"Improved predictions of hyporheic exchange based on easily measured physical variables are needed to improve assessment of solute transport and reaction processes in watersheds. Here we compare physically based model predictions for an Indiana stream with stream tracer results interpreted using the Transient Storage Model (TSM). We parameterized the physically based, Multiscale Model (MSM) of stream-groundwater interactions with measured stream planform and discharge, stream velocity, streambed hydraulic conductivity and porosity, and topography of the streambed at distinct spatial scales (i.e., ripple, bar, and reach scales). We predicted hyporheic exchange fluxes and hyporheic residence times using the MSM. A Continuous Time Random Walk (CTRW) model was used to convert the MSM output into predictions of in stream solute transport, which we compared with field observations and TSM parameters obtained by fitting solute transport data. MSM simulations indicated that surface-subsurface exchange through smaller topographic features such as ripples was much faster than exchange through larger topographic features such as bars. However, hyporheic exchange varies nonlinearly with groundwater discharge owing to interactions between flows induced at different topographic scales. MSM simulations showed that groundwater discharge significantly decreased both the volume of water entering the subsurface and the time it spent in the subsurface. The MSM also characterized longer timescales of exchange than were observed by the tracer-injection approach. The tracer data, and corresponding TSM fits, were limited by tracer measurement sensitivity and uncertainty in estimates of background tracer concentrations. Our results indicate that rates and patterns of hyporheic exchange are strongly influenced by a continuum of surface-subsurface hydrologic interactions over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales rather than discrete processes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1029/2011WR011582","usgsCitation":"Stonedahl, S.H., Harvey, J.W., Detty, J., Aubeneau, A., and Packman, A., 2012, Physical controls and predictability of stream hyporheic flow evaluated with a multiscale model: Water Resources Research, v. 48, no. 10, W10513, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011582.","productDescription":"W10513","ipdsId":"IP-040699","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011wr011582","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":270711,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011582"},{"id":270712,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51653871e4b077fa94dae00c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stonedahl, Susa H.","contributorId":66145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonedahl","given":"Susa","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harvey, Judson W. 0000-0002-2654-9873 jwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":1796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Judson","email":"jwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Detty, Joel","contributorId":12347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Detty","given":"Joel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aubeneau, Antoine","contributorId":44057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aubeneau","given":"Antoine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Packman, Aaron I.","contributorId":15092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Packman","given":"Aaron I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70044410,"text":"70044410 - 2012 - Resolving hyporheic and groundwater components of streambed water flux","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-09T15:25:50","indexId":"70044410","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resolving hyporheic and groundwater components of streambed water flux","docAbstract":"Hyporheic and groundwater fluxes typically occur together in permeable sediments beneath flowing stream water. However, streambed water fluxes quantified using the thermal method are usually interpreted as representing either groundwater or hyporheic fluxes. Our purpose was to improve understanding of co-occurring groundwater and hyporheic fluxes using streambed temperature measurements and analysis of one-dimensional heat transport in shallow streambeds. First, we examined how changes in hyporheic and groundwater fluxes affect their relative magnitudes by reevaluating previously published simulations. These indicated that flux magnitudes are largely independent until a threshold is crossed, past which hyporheic fluxes are diminished by much larger (1000-fold) groundwater fluxes. We tested accurate quantification of co-occurring fluxes using one-dimensional approaches that are appropriate for analyzing streambed temperature data collected at field sites. The thermal analytical method, which uses an analytical solution to the one-dimensional heat transport equation, was used to analyze results from a numerical heat transport model, in which hyporheic flow was represented as increased thermal dispersion at shallow depths. We found that co-occurring groundwater and hyporheic fluxes can be quantified in streambeds, although not always accurately. For example, using a temperature time series collected in a sandy streambed, we found that hyporheic and groundwater flow could both be detected when thermal dispersion due to hyporheic flow was significant compared to thermal conduction. We provide guidance for when thermal data can be used to quantify both hyporheic and groundwater fluxes, and we show that neglecting thermal dispersion may affect accuracy and interpretation of estimated streambed water fluxes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AGU","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2011WR011784","usgsCitation":"Bhaskar, A., Harvey, J.W., and Henry, E.J., 2012, Resolving hyporheic and groundwater components of streambed water flux: Water Resources Research, v. 48, no. 8, W08524, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011784.","productDescription":"W08524","ipdsId":"IP-039262","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474130,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011wr011784","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":270719,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011784"},{"id":270721,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-08-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51653872e4b077fa94dae017","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bhaskar, Aditi S.","contributorId":62488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bhaskar","given":"Aditi S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harvey, Judson W. 0000-0002-2654-9873 jwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":1796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Judson","email":"jwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henry, Eric J.","contributorId":44810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70044395,"text":"70044395 - 2012 - Strontium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-06T13:21:50","indexId":"70044395","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strontium","docAbstract":"In 2011, U.S. apparent consumption of strontium (contained in celestite and manufactured strontium compounds) increased markedly to 18.4 kt (20,300 st) from 10.4 kt (11,500 st) in 2010. Gross weight of imports was 34.4 kt (38,000 st), of which 76 percent originated from Mexico.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2012, Strontium: Mining Engineering, v. 64, no. 6, p. 91-91.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"91","ipdsId":"IP-037363","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271893,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5188d4e5e4b023d2d75b9a91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70044594,"text":"wdr2012 - 2012 - Water-resources data for the United States: water year 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T13:29:26","indexId":"wdr2012","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012","title":"Water-resources data for the United States: water year 2012","docAbstract":"Water resources data are published annually for use by engineers, scientists, managers, educators, and the general public. 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USA","docAbstract":"Intense winter storms in the San Francisco Bay area (SFBA) of California, USA often trigger shallow landslides. Some of these landslides mobilize into potentially hazardous debris flows. A growing body of research indicates that rainfall intensity-duration thresholds are insufficient for accurate prediction of landslide occurrence. In response, we have begun long-term monitoring of the hydrologic response of land-slide-prone hillslopes to rainfall in several areas of the SFBA. Each monitoring site is equipped with sensors for measuring soil moisture content and piezometric pressure at several soil depths along with a rain gauge connected to a cell phone or satellite telemetered data logger. The data are transmitted in near-real-time, providing the ability to monitor hydrologic conditions before, during, and after storms. Results are guiding the establishment of both antecedent and storm-specific rainfall and moisture content thresholds which must be achieved before landslide-causative positive pore water pressures are generated. Although widespread shallow landsliding has not yet occurred since the deployment of the monitoring sites, several isolated land-slides have been observed in the area of monitoring. The landslides occurred during a period when positive pore water pressures were measured as a result of intense rainfall that followed higher-than-average season precipitation totals. Continued monitoring and analysis will further guide the establishment of more general-ized thresholds for different regions of the SFBA and contribute to the development and calibration of physi-cally-based predictive models.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landslides and engineered slopes: Protecting society through improved understanding, Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Landslides","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"11th International Symposium on Landslides","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Collins, B.D., Stock, J.D., Weber, L.C., Whitman, K., and Knepprath, N., 2012, Monitoring subsurface hydrologic response for precipitation-induced shallow landsliding in the San Francisco Bay area, California, USA, in Landslides and engineered slopes: Protecting society through improved understanding, Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Landslides, p. 1249-1255.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1249","endPage":"1255","ipdsId":"IP-035594","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350039,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a61053ee4b06e28e9c25518","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Brian D. 0000-0003-4881-5359 bcollins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4881-5359","contributorId":149278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Brian","email":"bcollins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stock, Jonathan D. 0000-0001-8565-3577 jstock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8565-3577","contributorId":3648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stock","given":"Jonathan","email":"jstock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weber, Lisa C.","contributorId":124586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":713310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whitman, K.","contributorId":197364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitman","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knepprath, N.","contributorId":197365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knepprath","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70042756,"text":"70042756 - 2012 - A process-based hierarchical framework for monitoring glaciated alpine headwaters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-26T19:44:28","indexId":"70042756","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A process-based hierarchical framework for monitoring glaciated alpine headwaters","docAbstract":"Recent studies have demonstrated the geomorphic complexity and wide range of hydrologic regimes found in alpine headwater channels that provide complex habitats for aquatic taxa. These geohydrologic elements are fundamental to better understand patterns in species assemblages and indicator taxa and are necessary to aquatic monitoring protocols that aim to track changes in physical conditions. Complex physical variables shape many biological and ecological traits, including life history strategies, but these mechanisms can only be understood if critical physical variables are adequately represented within the sampling framework. To better align sampling design protocols with current geohydrologic knowledge, we present a conceptual framework that incorporates regional-scale conditions, basin-scale longitudinal profiles, valley-scale glacial macroform structure, valley segment-scale (i.e., colluvial, alluvial, and bedrock), and reach-scale channel types. At the valley segment- and reach-scales, these hierarchical levels are associated with differences in streamflow and sediment regime, water source contribution and water temperature. Examples of linked physical-ecological hypotheses placed in a landscape context and a case study using the proposed framework are presented to demonstrate the usefulness of this approach for monitoring complex temporal and spatial patterns and processes in glaciated basins. This approach is meant to aid in comparisons between mountain regions on a global scale and to improve management of potentially endangered alpine species affected by climate change and other stressors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00267-012-9957-8","usgsCitation":"Weekes, A.A., Torgersen, C., Montgomery, D.R., Woodward, A., and Bolton, S.M., 2012, A process-based hierarchical framework for monitoring glaciated alpine headwaters: Environmental Management, v. 50, no. 6, p. 982-997, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9957-8.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"982","endPage":"997","ipdsId":"IP-030293","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268422,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268421,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9957-8"}],"volume":"50","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4a5be4b0b290850efb8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weekes, Anne A.","contributorId":11870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weekes","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torgersen, Christian E. 0000-0001-8325-2737","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2737","contributorId":48143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"Christian E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Montgomery, David R.","contributorId":67389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woodward, Andrea 0000-0003-0604-9115 awoodward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-9115","contributorId":3028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Andrea","email":"awoodward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bolton, Susan M.","contributorId":76987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolton","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70043050,"text":"70043050 - 2012 - Elemental mapping by Dawn reveals exogenic H in Vesta's regolith","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-09T14:28:01","indexId":"70043050","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elemental mapping by Dawn reveals exogenic H in Vesta's regolith","docAbstract":"Using Dawn’s Gamma Ray and Neutron Detector, we tested models of Vesta’s evolution based on studies of howardite, eucrite, and diogenite (HED) meteorites. Global Fe/O and Fe/Si ratios are consistent with HED compositions. Neutron measurements confirm that a thick, diogenitic lower crust is exposed in the Rheasilvia basin, which is consistent with global magmatic differentiation. Vesta’s regolith contains substantial amounts of hydrogen. The highest hydrogen concentrations coincide with older, low-albedo regions near the equator, where water ice is unstable. The young, Rheasilvia basin contains the lowest concentrations. These observations are consistent with gradual accumulation of hydrogen by infall of carbonaceous chondrites—observed as clasts in some howardites—and subsequent removal or burial of this material by large impacts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.1225354","usgsCitation":"Prettyman, T.H., Mittlefehldt, D.W., Yamashita, N., Lawrence, D.J., Beck, A.W., Feldman, W.C., McCoy, T.J., McSween, H.Y., Toplis, M.J., Titus, T.N., Tricarico, P., Reedy, R., Hendricks, J.S., Forni, O., Le Corre, L., Li, J., Mizzon, H., Reddy, V., Raymond, C.A., and Russell, C.T., 2012, Elemental mapping by Dawn reveals exogenic H in Vesta's regolith: Science, v. 338, no. 6104, p. 242-246, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1225354.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"242","endPage":"246","ipdsId":"IP-039696","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology 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S.","contributorId":55718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendricks","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Forni, Olivier","contributorId":72690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Forni","given":"Olivier","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Le Corre, Lucille","contributorId":66578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Le Corre","given":"Lucille","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Li, Jian-Yang","contributorId":47275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Jian-Yang","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Mizzon, 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Quality of streams in Johnson County, Kansas, 2002--10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-23T14:46:07","indexId":"sir20125279","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5279","title":"Quality of streams in Johnson County, Kansas, 2002--10","docAbstract":"Stream quality in Johnson County, northeastern Kansas, was assessed on the basis of land use, hydrology, stream-water and streambed-sediment chemistry, riparian and in-stream habitat, and periphyton and macroinvertebrate community data collected from 22 sites during 2002 through 2010. Stream conditions at the end of the study period are evaluated and compared to previous years, stream biological communities and physical and chemical conditions are characterized, streams are described relative to Kansas Department of Health and Environment impairment categories and water-quality standards, and environmental factors that most strongly correlate with biological stream quality are evaluated. The information is useful for improving water-quality management programs, documenting changing conditions with time, and evaluating compliance with water-quality standards, total maximum daily loads (TMDLs), National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit conditions, and other established guidelines and goals. Constituent concentrations in water during base flow varied across the study area and 2010 conditions were not markedly different from those measured in 2003, 2004, and 2007. Generally the highest specific conductance and concentrations of dissolved solids and major ions in water occurred at urban sites except the upstream Cedar Creek site, which is rural and has a large area of commercial and industrial land less than 1 mile upstream on both sides of the creek. The highest base-flow nutrient concentrations in water occurred downstream from wastewater treatment facilities. Water chemistry data represent base-flow conditions only, and do not show the variability in concentrations that occurs during stormwater runoff. Constituent concentrations in streambed sediment also varied across the study area and some notable changes occurred from previously collected data. High organic carbon and nutrient concentrations at the rural Big Bull Creek site in 2003 decreased to at least one-fourth of those concentrations in 2007 and 2010 likely because of the reduction in upstream wastewater discharge contributions. The highest concentrations of trace metals in 2010 occurred at urban sites on Mill and Indian Creeks. Zinc was the only metal to exceed the probable effects concentration in 2010, which occurred at a site on Indian Creek. In 2007, chromium and nickel at the upstream urban Cedar Creek site exceeded the probable effects concentrations, and in 2003, no metals exceeded the probable effects concentrations. Of 72 organic compounds analyzed in streambed sediment, 26 were detected including pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), fuel products, fragrances, preservatives, plasticizers, manufacturing byproducts, flame retardants, and disinfectants. All 6 PAH compounds analyzed were detected, and the probable effects concentrations for 4 of the 6 PAH compounds analyzed were exceeded in 2010. Only five pesticide compounds were detected in streambed sediment, including carbazole and four pyrethroid compounds. Chronic toxicity guidelines for pyrethroid compounds were exceeded at five sites. Biological conditions reflected a gradient in urban land use, with the less disturbed streams located in rural areas of Johnson County. About 19 percent of sites in 2010 (four sites) were fully supporting of aquatic life on the basis of the four metrics used by Kansas Department of Health and Environment to categorize sites. This is a notable difference compared to previous years when no sites (in 2003 and 2004) or just one site (in 2007) was fully supporting of aquatic life. Multimetric macroinvertebrate scores improved at the Big Bull Creek site where wastewater discharges were reduced in 2007. Environmental variables that consistently were highly negatively correlated with biological conditions were percent impervious surface and percent urban land use. In addition, density of stormwater outfall points adjacent to streams was significantly negatively correlated with biological conditions. Specific conductance of water and sum of PAH concentrations in streambed sediment also were significantly negatively correlated with biological conditions. Total nitrogen in water and total phosphorus in streambed sediment were correlated with most of the invertebrate variables, which is a notable difference from previous analyses using smaller datasets, in which nutrient relations were weak or not detected. The most important habitat variables were sinuosity, length and continuity of natural buffers, riffle substrate embeddedness, and substrate cover diversity, each of which was correlated with all invertebrate metrics including a 10-metric combined score. Correlation analysis indicated that if riparian and in-stream habitat conditions improve then so might invertebrate communities and stream biological quality. Sixty-two percent of the variance in macroinvertebrate community metrics was explained by the single environmental factor, percent impervious surface. Invertebrate responses to urbanization in Johnson County indicated linearity rather than identifiable thresholds. Multiple linear regression models developed for each of the four macroinvertebrate metrics used to determine aquatic-life-support status indicated that percent impervious surface, as a measure of urban land use, explained 34 to 67 percent of the variability in biological communities. Results indicate that although multiple factors are correlated with stream quality degradation, general urbanization, as indicated by impervious surface area or urban land use, consistently is determined to be the fundamental factor causing change in stream quality. Effects of urbanization on Johnson County streams are similar to effects described in national studies that assess effects of urbanization on stream health. Individually important environmental factors such as specific conductance of water, PAHs in streambed sediment, and stream buffer conditions, are affected by urbanization and, collectively, all contribute to stream impairments. Policies and management practices that may be most important in protecting the health of streams in Johnson County are those minimizing the effects of impervious surface, protecting stream corridors, and decreasing the loads of sediment, nutrients, and toxic chemicals that directly enter streams through stormwater runoff and discharges.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125279","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Johnson County Stormwater Management Program","usgsCitation":"Rasmussen, T.J., Stone, M.S., Poulton, B.C., and Graham, J.L., 2012, Quality of streams in Johnson County, Kansas, 2002--10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5279, vii, 103 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.), https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125279.","productDescription":"vii, 103 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.)","startPage":"i","endPage":"103","numberOfPages":"116","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266322,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5279/sir12_5279.pdf"},{"id":266320,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5279/"},{"id":266323,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/SIR_2012_5279.GIF"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","county":"Johnson County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.0565,38.7376 ], [ -95.0565,39.0616 ], [ -94.6074,39.0616 ], [ -94.6074,38.7376 ], [ -95.0565,38.7376 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5101147be4b033b1feeb2c08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rasmussen, Teresa J. 0000-0002-7023-3868 rasmuss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7023-3868","contributorId":3336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Teresa","email":"rasmuss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, Mandy S.","contributorId":97791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Mandy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poulton, Barry C. 0000-0002-7219-4911 bpoulton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7219-4911","contributorId":2421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poulton","given":"Barry","email":"bpoulton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graham, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-6420-9335 jlgraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-9335","contributorId":1769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlgraham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70045443,"text":"70045443 - 2012 - Kaolin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-16T14:33:21","indexId":"70045443","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kaolin","docAbstract":"Fifteen companies mined kaolin in nine states in 2011. Production, on the basis of preliminary data, was estimated to be 5.48 Mt (6.04 million st) valued at $822 million, an increase from 5.42 Mt (5.97 million st) valued at $788 million in 2010. Production in Georgia, the top producing state, increased to an estimated 5.1 Mt (5.62 million st) valued at $790 million in 2011 from 5.05 Mt (5.57 million st) valued at $757 million in 2010. Georgia accounted for 93 percent of U.S. production tonnage and nearly the entire domestic water-washed, delaminated and pigment-grade calcined kaolin production.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","publisherLocation":"Englewood, CO","usgsCitation":"Virta, R., 2012, Kaolin: Mining Engineering, v. 64, no. 6, p. 70-71.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"71","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271005,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516e72ede4b00154e4368c21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Virta, R.L.","contributorId":39357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Virta","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70045581,"text":"70045581 - 2012 - Developing spatially explicit footprints of plausible land-use scenarios in the Santa Cruz Watershed, Arizona and Sonora","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-24T17:07:53","indexId":"70045581","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2603,"text":"Landscape and Urban Planning","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing spatially explicit footprints of plausible land-use scenarios in the Santa Cruz Watershed, Arizona and Sonora","docAbstract":"The SLEUTH urban growth model is applied to a binational dryland watershed to envision and evaluate plausible future scenarios of land use change into the year 2050. Our objective was to create a suite of geospatial footprints portraying potential land use change that can be used to aid binational decision-makers in assessing the impacts relative to sustainability of natural resources and potential socio-ecological consequences of proposed land-use management. Three alternatives are designed to simulate different conditions: (i) a Current Trends Scenario of unmanaged exponential growth, (ii) a Conservation Scenario with managed growth to protect the environment, and (iii) a Megalopolis Scenario in which growth is accentuated around a defined international trade corridor. The model was calibrated with historical data extracted from a time series of satellite images. Model materials, methodology, and results are presented. Our Current Trends Scenario predicts the footprint of urban growth to approximately triple from 2009 to 2050, which is corroborated by local population estimates. The Conservation Scenario results in protecting 46% more of the Evergreen class (more than 150,000 acres) than the Current Trends Scenario and approximately 95,000 acres of Barren Land, Crops, Deciduous Forest (Mesquite Bosque), Grassland/Herbaceous, Urban/Recreational Grasses, and Wetlands classes combined. The Megalopolis Scenario results also depict the preservation of some of these land-use classes compared to the Current Trends Scenario, most notably in the environmentally important headwaters region. Connectivity and areal extent of land cover types that provide wildlife habitat were preserved under the alternative scenarios when compared to Current Trends.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape and Urban Planning","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2012.06.015","usgsCitation":"Norman, L.M., Feller, M., and Villarreal, M., 2012, Developing spatially explicit footprints of plausible land-use scenarios in the Santa Cruz Watershed, Arizona and Sonora: Landscape and Urban Planning, v. 107, no. 3, p. 225-235, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2012.06.015.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"235","ipdsId":"IP-030525","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474170,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2012.06.015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":271427,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271426,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2012.06.015"}],"country":"United States;Mexico","state":"Arizona;Sonora","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.05,26.3 ], [ -115.05,37.0 ], [ -108.42,37.0 ], [ -108.42,26.3 ], [ -115.05,26.3 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"107","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5178fee5e4b0d842c705f6e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norman, Laura M. 0000-0002-3696-8406 lnorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-8406","contributorId":967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Laura","email":"lnorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feller, Mark","contributorId":79931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feller","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Villarreal, Miguel L.","contributorId":107012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villarreal","given":"Miguel L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}