{"pageNumber":"6497","pageRowStart":"162400","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184904,"records":[{"id":38821,"text":"pp544E - 1968 - Seismic seiches from the March 1964 Alaska earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-17T20:30:42.561793","indexId":"pp544E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"544","chapter":"E","title":"Seismic seiches from the March 1964 Alaska earthquake","docAbstract":"Seismic seiches caused by the Alaska earthquake of March 27, 1964, were recorded at more than 850 surface-water gaging stations in North America and at 4 in Australia. In the United States, including Alaska and Hawaii, 763 of 6,435 gages registered seiches. Nearly all the seismic seiches were recorded at teleseismic distance. This is the first time such far-distant effects have been reported from surface-water bodies in North America. The densest occurrence of seiches was in States bordering the Gulf of Mexico. The seiches were recorded on bodies of water having a wide range in depth, width, and rate of flow. In a region containing many bodies of water, seiche distribution is more dependent on geologic and seismic factors than on hydro-dynamic ones. The concept that seiches are caused by the horizontal acceleration of water by seismic surface waves has been extended in this paper to show that the distribution of seiches is related to the amplitude distribution of short-period seismic surface waves. These waves have their greatest horizontal acceleration when their periods range from 5 to 15 seconds. Similarly, the water bodies on which seiches were recorded have low-order modes whose periods of oscillation also range from 5 to 15 seconds. Several factors seem to control the distribution of seiches. The most important is variations of thickness of low-rigidity sediments. This factor caused the abundance of seiches in the Gulf Coast area and along the edge of sedimentary overlaps. Major tectonic features such as thrust faults, basins, arches, and domes seem to control seismic waves and thus affect the distribution of seiches. Lateral refraction of seismic surface waves due to variations in local phase-velocity values was responsible for increase in seiche density in certain areas. For example, the Rocky Mountains provided a wave guide along which seiches were more numerous than in areas to either side. In North America, neither direction nor distance from the epicenter had any apparent effect on the distribution of seiches. Where seismic surface waves propagated into an area with thicker sediment, the horizontal acceleration increased about in proportion to the increasing thickness of the sediment. In the Mississippi Embayment however, where the waves emerged from high rigidity crust into the sediment, the horizontal acceleration increased near the edge of the embayment but decreased in the central part and formed a shadow zone. Because both seiches and seismic intensity depend on the horizontal acceleration from surface waves, the distribution of seiches may be used to map the seismic intensity that can be expected from future local earthquakes.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Alaska earthquake, March 27, 1964: effects on the hydrologic regimen (Professional Paper 544)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","doi":"10.3133/pp544E","usgsCitation":"McGarr, A., and Vorhis, R.C., 1968, Seismic seiches from the March 1964 Alaska earthquake: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 544, Report: 43 p.; 1 Plate: 39.97 inches x 27.98 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp544E.","productDescription":"Report: 43 p.; 1 Plate: 39.97 inches x 27.98 inches","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":380,"text":"Menlo ParkCalif. Office-Earthquake Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388056,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4595.htm"},{"id":65745,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0544e/pp544e_text.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65744,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0544e/pp544e_plate1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":121872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0544e/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":104508,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0544e/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4595"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa889","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGarr, Arthur","contributorId":102548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGarr","given":"Arthur","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vorhis, Robert C.","contributorId":52555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vorhis","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":38781,"text":"pp594E - 1968 - Upper Jurassic stratigraphy of some adjacent parts of Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":13340,"text":"ofr6874 - 1968 - Subsurface data on thicknesses and distribution of some Upper Jurassic formations in adjacent parts of Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas","indexId":"ofr6874","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"title":"Subsurface data on thicknesses and distribution of some Upper Jurassic formations in adjacent parts of Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38781,"text":"pp594E - 1968 - Upper Jurassic stratigraphy of some adjacent parts of Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas","indexId":"pp594E","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Upper Jurassic stratigraphy of some adjacent parts of Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:15","indexId":"pp594E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"594","chapter":"E","title":"Upper Jurassic stratigraphy of some adjacent parts of Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Shorter contributions to general geology 1967","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp594E","usgsCitation":"Dickinson, K.A., 1968, Upper Jurassic stratigraphy of some adjacent parts of Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 594, p. E1-E25, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp594E.","productDescription":"p. E1-E25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120419,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0594e/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65654,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0594e/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65655,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0594e/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a22e4b07f02db60cf7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dickinson, K. A.","contributorId":77528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickinson","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38766,"text":"pp576A - 1968 - Stratigraphy of Slick Rock district and vicinity, San Miguel and Dolores Counties, Colorado","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":15944,"text":"ofr62125 - 1962 - Measured sections of some Triassic and Jurassic strata in the Slick Rock district, San Miguel and Dolores Counties, Colorado","indexId":"ofr62125","publicationYear":"1962","noYear":false,"title":"Measured sections of some Triassic and Jurassic strata in the Slick Rock district, San Miguel and Dolores Counties, Colorado"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38766,"text":"pp576A - 1968 - Stratigraphy of Slick Rock district and vicinity, San Miguel and Dolores Counties, Colorado","indexId":"pp576A","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Stratigraphy of Slick Rock district and vicinity, San Miguel and Dolores Counties, Colorado"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-25T14:26:09.462547","indexId":"pp576A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"576","chapter":"A","title":"Stratigraphy of Slick Rock district and vicinity, San Miguel and Dolores Counties, Colorado","docAbstract":"

The Slick Rock district covers about 570 square miles in western San Miguel and Dolores Counties, in southwestern Colorado. It is at the south edge of the salt-anticline region of southwestern Colorado and southeastern Utah and of the Uravan mineral belt.

Deposition of Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in the district and vicinity was principally controlled by development of the Paradox Basin, and of Mesozoic rocks by development of a depositional basin farther west. The Paleozoic rocks generally are thickest at the northeast side of the Paradox Basin in a northwest- trending trough which seems to be a wide graben in Precambrian igneous and metamorphic basement rocks; Mesozoic rocks generally thicken westward and southwestward from the district.

Sedimentary rocks rest on a Precambrian basement consisting of a variety of rocks, including granite and amphibolite. The surface of the Precambrian rocks is irregular and generally more than 2,000 feet below sea level and 7,000-11,000 feet below the ground surface. In the northern part of the district the Precambrian surface plunges abruptly northeastward into the trough occupying the northeast side of the Paradox Basin, and in the southern part it sags in a narrow northeasterly oriented trough. Deepening of both troughs, or crustal deformation in their vicinity, influenced sedimentation during much of late Paleozoic and Mesozoic time.

The maximum total thickness of sedimentary rocks underlying the district is 13,000 feet, and prior to extensive erosion in the late Tertiary and the Quaternary it may have been as much as about 18,000 feet. The lower 5,000 feet or more of the sequence of sedimentary rocks consists of arenaceous strata of early Paleozoic age overlain by dominantly marine carbonate rocks and evaporite beds interbedded with lesser amounts of clastic sediments of late Paleozoic age. Overlying these rocks is about 4,500 feet of terrestrial clastic sediments, dominantly sandstone with lesser amounts of shale, mudstone, siltstone, and conglomerate, of late Paleozoic and Mesozoic age. Above these rocks is as much as 2,300 feet of marine shale of late Mesozoic age. Perhaps about 5,000 feet of clastic sedimentary rocks, dominantly sandstone and in part shale, of late Mesozoic and early Cenozoic age, overlay the older rocks of the district prior to late Cenozoic erosion...

Outside the Slick Rock district the Mancos Shale is overlain by dominantly terrestrial sandstone, mudstone, and coaly beds of the Mesaverde Group of Late Cretaceous age, and younger units such as the Wasatch and Green River Formations of Tertiary age, which once may have extended across the district. These units, totaling possibly 5,000 feet in thickness, were removed by erosion following middle Tertiary uplift of the Colorado Plateau.

Igneous rocks of Tertiary age crop out in only one small area in the district, but they are intruded extensively in the Mancos Shale east of the district, and, as shown by deep oil test wells, appear to be intruded widely in the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation in the southern part of the district and southeast of the district. Andesite porphyry occurs in a dike on Glade Mountain, microgranogabbro and microgranodiorite occur in thin sills east of the district, and rocks of similar composition form thick sills in the subsurface. All are similar chemically to igneous rocks in the San Juan Mountains southeast of the district and probably were the result of a specific igneous episode. They were intruded most likely during the Miocene.

Surficial deposits of Quaternary age include glacial till, terrace gravels, alluvial fans, landslide debris, loess, other soil, alluvium, colluvium, and talus. On Glade Mountain, glacial till of probable early Pleistocene age merges westward with terrace gravels that are correlative with terrace gravels which lie on an old weathered surface of Mancos Shale farther west on the rim of the Dolores River Canyon.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp576A","collaboration":"Prepared on behalf of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Shawe, D., Simmons, G., and Archbold, N.L., 1968, Stratigraphy of Slick Rock district and vicinity, San Miguel and Dolores Counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 576, Report: v, 108 p. ; 17 Plates: 41 x 55.75 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp576A.","productDescription":"Report: v, 108 p. ; 17 Plates: 41 x 55.75 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":482408,"rank":20,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4621.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":264154,"rank":19,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0576a/plate-16.pdf","text":"Plate 16","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 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-109.04342651367186,\n 38.15723682167875\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b18e4b07f02db6a70d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shawe, Daniel R.","contributorId":91448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shawe","given":"Daniel R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simmons, George C.","contributorId":68836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"George C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Archbold, Norbert L.","contributorId":64714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archbold","given":"Norbert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":38770,"text":"pp585B - 1968 - Evapotranspiration and the water budget of prairie potholes in North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-16T14:16:46","indexId":"pp585B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"585","chapter":"B","title":"Evapotranspiration and the water budget of prairie potholes in North Dakota","docAbstract":"

The mass-transfer method was used to study the hydrologic behavior of 10 prairie potholes in central North Dakota during the 5-year period 1960-64. Many of the potholes went dry when precipitation was low. The average evapotranspiration during the May to October period each year was 2.11 feet, and the average seepage was 0.60 foot. These averages remained nearly constant for both wet and dry years.

The greatest source of water for the potholes was the direct rainfall on the pond surface; this supplied 1.21 feet per year. Spring snowmelt supplied 0.79 foot of water and runoff from the land surface during the summer supplied 0.53 foot. Even though the water received from snowmelt was only 31 percent of the total, it was probably the most vital part of the annual water supply. This water was available in the spring, when waterfowl were nesting, and generally lasted until about July 1, even with no additional direct rainfall on the pond or runoff from the drainage basin. The average runoff from the land surface into pothole 3 was found to be 1.2 inches per year- 1 inch from snowmelt and 0.2 inch from rainfall.

'The presence of growing aquatic plants, such as bulrushes and cattails, was a complicating factor in making measurements. New computation procedures had to be devised to define the variable mass-transfer coefficient. Rating periods were divided into 6-hour units for the vegetated potholes. The instruments had to be carefully maintained, as water levels had to be recorded with such accuracy that changes of 0.001 foot could be detected. In any research project involving the measurements of physical quantities, the results are dependent upon the accuracy and dependability of the instruments used; this was especially true during this project.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrology of prairie potholes in North Dakota","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/pp585B","usgsCitation":"Shjeflo, J., 1968, Evapotranspiration and the water budget of prairie potholes in North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 585, vi, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp585B.","productDescription":"vi, 49 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":65642,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0585b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122259,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0585b/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5f9be7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shjeflo, J.B.","contributorId":30509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shjeflo","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38757,"text":"pp605A - 1968 - Ground-water hydrology and geology of the lower Great Miami River valley, Ohio","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":52504,"text":"ofr65152 - 1965 - Hydrogeologic aspects of an analog model study of the Fairfield-New Baltimore area, Ohio","indexId":"ofr65152","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeologic aspects of an analog model study of the Fairfield-New Baltimore area, Ohio"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38757,"text":"pp605A - 1968 - Ground-water hydrology and geology of the lower Great Miami River valley, Ohio","indexId":"pp605A","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Ground-water hydrology and geology of the lower Great Miami River valley, Ohio"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":52629,"text":"ofr67205 - 1967 - Bedrock contour maps of the Lower Great Miami River valley, Ohio","indexId":"ofr67205","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"title":"Bedrock contour maps of the Lower Great Miami River valley, Ohio"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38757,"text":"pp605A - 1968 - Ground-water hydrology and geology of the lower Great Miami River valley, Ohio","indexId":"pp605A","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Ground-water hydrology and geology of the lower Great Miami River valley, Ohio"},"id":2}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:54","indexId":"pp605A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"605","chapter":"A","title":"Ground-water hydrology and geology of the lower Great Miami River valley, Ohio","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground water in the lower Great Miami River Valley, Ohio","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp605A","usgsCitation":"Spieker, A.M., 1968, Ground-water hydrology and geology of the lower Great Miami River valley, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 605, p. 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This collection of 44 short papers is the first published chapter of \"Geological Survey Research 1968.\" The papers report on scientific and economic results of current work by 1ne1nbers of the Geologic, Topographic, and Water Resources Divisions of the U.S. Geological Survey.

Chapter A, to be published later in the year, will present a summary of significant results of work done during fiscal year 1968, together with lists of investigations in progress, reports published, cooperating agencies, and Geological Survey offices.

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No abstract available.

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All the major highways and most secondary roads were impaired. Damage totaled more than $46 million, well over $25 million to bridges and nearly $21 million to roadways. Of the 204 bridges in south-central Alaska, 141 were damaged; 92 were severely damaged or destroyed. The earthquake damaged 186 of the 830 miles of roadway in south-central Alaska, 83 miles so severely that replacement or relocation was required. Earthquake damage to the roadways and bridges was chiefly by (1) seismic shaking, (2) compaction of fills as well as the underlying sediments, (3) lateral displacement of the roadway and bridges, (4) fractures, (5) landslides, (6) avalanches, (7) inundation by seismic sea waves, (8) scouring by seismic sea waves, (9) regional tectonic subsidence, causing inundation and erosion by high tides in subsided areas. The intensity of damage was controlled primarily by the geologic environment (including the depth of the water table) upon which the highway structures rested, and secondarily by the engineering characteristics of the structures. Structures on bedrock were only slightly damaged if at all, whereas those on unconsolidated sediments were slightly to severely damaged, or were completely destroyed by seismic shaking. The low-lying areas underlain by saturated sediments, such as the Snow River Crossing and Turnagain Arm sections of the Seward-Anchorage Highway, were the most severely damaged stretches of the highway system in south-central Alaska. At Snow River and Turnagain Arm, the sediments underlying the roadway are fine grained and the water table is shallow. These factors were responsible for the intense damage along this stretch of the highway. All the bridges on the Copper River Highway except for one on bedrock were damaged by seismic shaking. Lateral displacement of sediments toward a free face, which placed the bridges in compression, was the chief cause for the damage. This type of failure was extensive and widespread throughout the highway system. The chief engineering characteristics responsible for the type and intensity of damage include (1) thickness of roadway fills, (2) type of pile bents and masonry piers, (3) the weight ratio between the substructure and superstructure, and (4) the tie between the substructure and superstructure. The thicker the roadway fills, the more severe the damage. Wood piles did not break as extensively as piles constructed of three railroad rails welded together. Bridges that had relatively heavy superstructures, for example those with concrete decks on wood piles, were more severely damaged than those with all-wood or concrete decks or concrete piers. Failure first occurred at the tie between the superstructure and the substructure; the poorer this tie, the sooner the failure. Seismic sea waves destroyed 12 bridges on the Chiniak Highway on Kodiak Island, one bridge on Point Whitshed road near Cordova, and about 14 miles of roadway. The combination of regional tectonic subsidence and local subsidence and compaction of sediments caused inundation of many miles of highway by high tides, especially around Turnagain Arm. Total subsidence in some places amounted to more than 13 feet.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Alaska earthquake, March 27, 1964: Effects on transportation, communications, and utilities (Professional Paper 545)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","doi":"10.3133/pp545C","usgsCitation":"Kachadoorian, R., 1968, Effects of the earthquake of March 27, 1964, on the Alaska highway system: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 545, vi, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp545C.","productDescription":"vi, 66 p.","numberOfPages":"74","costCenters":[{"id":380,"text":"Menlo ParkCalif. 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No abstract available.

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No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr68323","usgsCitation":"White, W.S., 1968, Generalized geologic map of the northern Appalachian region: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 68-323, 1 Plate: 53.00 x 22.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr68323.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 53.00 x 22.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":99896,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0323/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":171025,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":492945,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_8302.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1250000","country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"northern Appalachian region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -59,\n 49.333\n ],\n [\n -78,\n 49.333\n ],\n [\n -78,\n 39.5\n ],\n [\n -59,\n 39.5\n ],\n [\n -59,\n 49.333\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aee4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Walter S.","contributorId":94371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":67393,"text":"i548 - 1968 - (LAC-59) Geologic map of the Mare Vaporum quadrangle of the moon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-26T13:46:36.41814","indexId":"i548","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"548","subseriesTitle":"MOON","title":"(LAC-59) Geologic map of the Mare Vaporum quadrangle of the moon","docAbstract":"

The Mare Vaporum quadrangle is centrally located on the near side of the Moon, southeast of the craterlike basin of Mare Imbrium. Stratigraphic units and structures peripheral to the basin and related to it dominate the terra of the quadrangle, and one of the maria, Sinus Medii, is in a trough that is concentric with the basin. The other principal maria, Mare Vaporum and Sinus Aestuum, occupy craterlike basins that apparently antedate the Imbrium basin and developed independently of it. Some stratigraphic units and structures, mostly relatively young, are present that are not related to mare basin. 

","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/i548","usgsCitation":"Wilhelms, D., 1968, (LAC-59) Geologic map of the Mare Vaporum quadrangle of the moon: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 548, 1 map, https://doi.org/10.3133/i548.","productDescription":"1 map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188551,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/0548/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":115225,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/0548/plate-1.pdf","size":"10395","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":115224,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/0548/report.pdf","size":"49","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"1000000","otherGeospatial":"Mare Vaporum, Moon, Sinus Aestuum, Sinus Medii","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4905e4b0b290850eed07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilhelms, D.E.","contributorId":82302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilhelms","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":276116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":13842,"text":"ofr68111 - 1968 - Section of the Fatima Formation near Bahrah, Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:49","indexId":"ofr68111","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"68-111","title":"Section of the Fatima Formation near Bahrah, Saudi Arabia","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/ofr68111","usgsCitation":"Goldsmith, R., 1968, Section of the Fatima Formation near Bahrah, Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 68-111, 6 p. ill. ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr68111.","productDescription":"6 p. ill. ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0111/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42442,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0111/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc177","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldsmith, Richard","contributorId":33283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldsmith","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":13639,"text":"ofr68101 - 1968 - Gold gradients and anomalies in the Pedro Dome-Cleary Summit area, Fairbanks district, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:52","indexId":"ofr68101","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"68-101","title":"Gold gradients and anomalies in the Pedro Dome-Cleary Summit area, Fairbanks district, Alaska","docAbstract":"Anomalous gold values have been discovered in hydrothermally altered quartz diorite, quartz monzonite, and quartz mica schist at the head of Fox Creek; and in similarly altered quartz diorite in the Granite Creek area. Channel samples across some of these altered zones have produced anomalous gold values over widths which merit further investigation as potential large tonnage low-grade gold deposits.\r\n\r\nTrace gold gradients have also been detected in the wall rocks adjacent to mineralized veins and in hydrothermal alteration zones in the Pedro Dome-Cleary Summit area. Although most of the gradients may not materially increase the mineable width of the deposit under current economic conditions, such gradients can be used to locate auriferous quartz veins and altered zones by geochemical methods. Gold enrichment is accompanied by anomalous concentrations of arsenic and antimony, and gold bearing quartz veins and altered zones are frequently signaled by peripheral haloes of these metals before trace gold is detectable. Hydrothermally altered and/or sheared zones in both granitic and metamorphic rocks should be carefully prospected, along the trend of the Cleary Antiform.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/ofr68101","usgsCitation":"Forbes, R., Pilkington, H., and Hawkins, D.B., 1968, Gold gradients and anomalies in the Pedro Dome-Cleary Summit area, Fairbanks district, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 68-101, 49 p. ill., maps ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr68101.","productDescription":"49 p. ill., maps ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147255,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0101/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42164,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0101/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db6741ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Forbes, Robert B.","contributorId":48984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forbes","given":"Robert B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pilkington, H.D.","contributorId":77942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilkington","given":"H.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hawkins, D. B.","contributorId":43366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawkins","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":42728,"text":"ofr68332 - 1968 - Preliminary structure map of the Buckeye Quadrangle, central Kentucky","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":42728,"text":"ofr68332 - 1968 - Preliminary structure map of the Buckeye Quadrangle, central Kentucky","indexId":"ofr68332","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary structure map of the Buckeye Quadrangle, central Kentucky"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":62105,"text":"gq843 - 1970 - Geologic map of the Buckeye quadrangle, central Kentucky","indexId":"gq843","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of the Buckeye quadrangle, central Kentucky"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":62105,"text":"gq843 - 1970 - Geologic map of the Buckeye quadrangle, central Kentucky","indexId":"gq843","publicationYear":"1970","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of the Buckeye quadrangle, central Kentucky"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-27T17:33:56.516856","indexId":"ofr68332","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"68-332","title":"Preliminary structure map of the Buckeye Quadrangle, central Kentucky","docAbstract":"

No abstract available. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr68332","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Commonwealth of Kentucky, the University of Kentucky and the Kentucky Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Wolcott, D.E., 1968, Preliminary structure map of the Buckeye Quadrangle, central Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 68-332, 1 Plate: 22.39 x 28.98 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr68332.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 22.39 x 28.98 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":427149,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0332/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":135523,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0332/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","otherGeospatial":"Buckeye Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.61749999999999,37.6175 ], [ -84.61749999999999,37.75 ], [ -84.5,37.75 ], [ -84.5,37.6175 ], [ -84.61749999999999,37.6175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aace4b07f02db66a503","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolcott, Don E.","contributorId":48154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolcott","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":227016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":41379,"text":"ofr68193 - 1968 - Preliminary geologic map of the Great Falls-Browns Lake area, northwestern Montana","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":41379,"text":"ofr68193 - 1968 - Preliminary geologic map of the Great Falls-Browns Lake area, northwestern Montana","indexId":"ofr68193","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Great Falls-Browns Lake area, northwestern Montana"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":6047,"text":"pp726A - 1972 - Aeromagnetic, Bouguer gravity, and generalized geologic studies of the Great Falls-Mission Range area, northwestern Montana","indexId":"pp726A","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Aeromagnetic, Bouguer gravity, and generalized geologic studies of the Great Falls-Mission Range area, northwestern Montana"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":6047,"text":"pp726A - 1972 - Aeromagnetic, Bouguer gravity, and generalized geologic studies of the Great Falls-Mission Range area, northwestern Montana","indexId":"pp726A","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"title":"Aeromagnetic, Bouguer gravity, and generalized geologic studies of the Great Falls-Mission Range area, northwestern Montana"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-11T19:28:11.612659","indexId":"ofr68193","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"68-193","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Great Falls-Browns Lake area, northwestern Montana","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

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