{"pageNumber":"652","pageRowStart":"16275","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40804,"records":[{"id":70124387,"text":"70124387 - 2013 - Estimating wildfire risk on a Mojave Desert landscape using remote sensing and field sampling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-11T14:09:12","indexId":"70124387","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T14:02:58","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2083,"text":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating wildfire risk on a Mojave Desert landscape using remote sensing and field sampling","docAbstract":"Predicting wildfires that affect broad landscapes is important for allocating suppression resources and guiding land management. Wildfire prediction in the south-western United States is of specific concern because of the increasing prevalence and severe effects of fire on desert shrublands and the current lack of accurate fire prediction tools. We developed a fire risk model to predict fire occurrence in a north-eastern Mojave Desert landscape. First we developed a spatial model using remote sensing data to predict fuel loads based on field estimates of fuels. We then modelled fire risk (interactions of fuel characteristics and environmental conditions conducive to wildfire) using satellite imagery, our model of fuel loads, and spatial data on ignition potential (lightning strikes and distance to roads), topography (elevation and aspect) and climate (maximum and minimum temperatures). The risk model was developed during a fire year at our study landscape and validated at a nearby landscape; model performance was accurate and similar at both sites. This study demonstrates that remote sensing techniques used in combination with field surveys can accurately predict wildfire risk in the Mojave Desert and may be applicable to other arid and semiarid lands where wildfires are prevalent.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","publisherLocation":"Collingwood, Victoria, Australia","doi":"10.1071/WF12158","usgsCitation":"Van Linn, P.F., Nussear, K.E., Esque, T., DeFalco, L., Inman, R., and Abella, S.R., 2013, Estimating wildfire risk on a Mojave Desert landscape using remote sensing and field sampling: International Journal of Wildland Fire, v. 22, no. 6, p. 770-779, https://doi.org/10.1071/WF12158.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"770","endPage":"779","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-034987","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293765,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293754,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF12158"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.7817,35.8257 ], [ -115.7817,37.2075 ], [ -113.7586,37.2075 ], [ -113.7586,35.8257 ], [ -115.7817,35.8257 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"22","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5412b9a8e4b0239f1986ba62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Linn, Peter F. III","contributorId":24708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Linn","given":"Peter","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nussear, Kenneth E. knussear@usgs.gov","contributorId":2695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nussear","given":"Kenneth","email":"knussear@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":3221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeFalco, Lesley A.","contributorId":42270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeFalco","given":"Lesley A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Inman, Richard D.","contributorId":91201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Inman","given":"Richard D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Abella, Scott R.","contributorId":103940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abella","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70118324,"text":"70118324 - 2013 - Pyroclastic density currents associated with the 2008-2009 eruption of Chaitén Volcano (Chile): forest disturbances, deposits, and dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-28T13:56:03","indexId":"70118324","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T13:40:29","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":766,"text":"Andean Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pyroclastic density currents associated with the 2008-2009 eruption of Chaitén Volcano (Chile): forest disturbances, deposits, and dynamics","docAbstract":"Explosive activity at Chaitén Volcano in May 2008 and subsequent dome collapses over the following nine months triggered multiple, small-volume pyroclastic density currents (PDCs). The explosive activity triggered PDCs to the north and northeast, which felled modest patches of forest as far as 2 km from the caldera rim. Felled trees pointing in the down-current direction dominate the disturbance zones. The PDC on the north flank of Chaitén left a decimeters-thick, bipartite deposit having a basal layer of poorly sorted, fines-depleted pumice-and-lithic coarse ash and lapilli, which transitions abruptly to fines-enriched pumice-and-lithic coarse ash. The deposit contains fragments of mostly uncharred organics near its base; vegetation protruding above the deposit is uncharred. The nature of the forest disturbance and deposit characteristics suggest the PDC was dilute, of relatively low temperature (<200°C), and to first approximation had a dynamic pressure of about 2-4 kPa and velocity of about 30-40 ms-1. It was formed by directionally focused explosions throughout the volcano's prehistoric, intracaldera lava dome. Dilute, low-temperature PDCs that exited the caldera over a low point on the east-southeast caldera rim deposited meters-thick fill of stratified beds of pumice-and-lithic coarse ash and lapilli. They did not fell large trees more than a few hundred of meters from the caldera rim and were thus less energetic than those on the north and northeast flanks. They likely formed by partial collapses of the margins of vertical eruption columns. In the Chaitén River valley south of the volcano, several-meter-thick deposits of two block-and-ash flow (BAF) PDCs are preserved. Both have a coarse ash matrix that supports blocks and lapilli predominantly of lithic rhyolite dome rock, minor obsidian, and local bedrock. One deposit was emplaced by a BAF that traveled an undetermined distance downvalley between June and November 2008, apparently triggered by partial collapse of a newly effused lava dome on that started growing on 12 May. A second, and larger, BAF related to another collapse of the new lava dome on 19 February 2009 traveled to within 3 km of the village of Chaitén, 10 km downstream of the volcano. It deposited as much as 8-10 m of diamict having sedimentary characteristics very similar to the previous BAF deposit. Charred trees locally encased within the BAD deposits suggest that the flows were of moderate temperature, perhaps as much as 300°C. Erosion of the BAD deposits filling the Chaitén River channel has delivered substantial sediment loads downstream, contributing to channel instability and challenged river management.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Andean Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería","publisherLocation":"Santiago, Chile","doi":"10.5027/andgeoV40n2-a09","usgsCitation":"Major, J.J., Pierson, T.C., Hoblitt, R.P., and Moreno, H., 2013, Pyroclastic density currents associated with the 2008-2009 eruption of Chaitén Volcano (Chile): forest disturbances, deposits, and dynamics: Andean Geology, v. 40, no. 2, p. 324-358, https://doi.org/10.5027/andgeoV40n2-a09.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"324","endPage":"358","numberOfPages":"35","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":473787,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5027/andgeov40n2-a09","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":291185,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291182,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5027/andgeoV40n2-a09"}],"country":"Chile","city":"Chait�n","otherGeospatial":"Chait�n Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -72.902119,-42.963783 ], [ -72.902119,-42.70194 ], [ -72.389881,-42.70194 ], [ -72.389881,-42.963783 ], [ -72.902119,-42.963783 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"40","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f2dde4b0bc0bec0a063c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierson, Thomas C. 0000-0001-9002-4273 tpierson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9002-4273","contributorId":2498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"Thomas","email":"tpierson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoblitt, Richard P. rhoblitt@usgs.gov","contributorId":1937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoblitt","given":"Richard","email":"rhoblitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":496764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moreno, Hugo","contributorId":20232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moreno","given":"Hugo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70048869,"text":"70048869 - 2013 - Chronology of tectonic, geomorphic, and volcanic interactions and the tempo of fault slip near Little Lake, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-05T15:21:13.58983","indexId":"70048869","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T12:43:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chronology of tectonic, geomorphic, and volcanic interactions and the tempo of fault slip near Little Lake, California","docAbstract":"New geochronologic and geomorphic constraints on the Little Lake fault in the Eastern California shear zone reveal steady, modest rates of dextral slip during and since the mid-to-late Pleistocene. We focus on a suite of offset fluvial landforms in the Pleistocene Owens River channel that formed in response to periodic interaction with nearby basalt flows, thereby recording displacement over multiple time intervals. Overlap between 40Ar/39Ar ages for the youngest intracanyon basalt flow and 10Be surface exposure dating of downstream terrace surfaces suggests widespread channel incision during a prominent outburst flood through the Little Lake channel at ca. 64 ka. Older basalt flows flanking the upper and lower canyon margins indicate localization of the Owens River in its current position between 212 ± 14 and 197 ± 11 ka. Coupled with terrestrial light detection and ranging (lidar) and digital topographic measurements of dextral offset, the revised Little Lake chronology indicates average dextral slip rates of at least ∼0.6–0.7 mm/yr and <1.3 mm/yr over intervals ranging from ∼104 to 105 yr. Despite previous geodetic observations of relatively rapid interseismic strain along the Little Lake fault, we find no evidence for sustained temporal fluctuations in slip rates over multiple earthquake cycles. Instead, our results indicate that accelerated fault loading may be transient over much shorter periods (∼101 yr) and perhaps indicative of time-dependent seismic hazard associated with Eastern California shear zone faults.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B30803.1","usgsCitation":"Amos, C.B., Brownlee, S.J., Rood, S.H., Fisher, G.B., Burgmann, R., Renne, P., and Jayko, A.S., 2013, Chronology of tectonic, geomorphic, and volcanic interactions and the tempo of fault slip near Little Lake, California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 125, no. 7-8, p. 1187-1202, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30803.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1187","endPage":"1202","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-044875","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278980,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Little Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.926741,35.916614 ], [ -117.926741,35.956614 ], [ -117.886741,35.956614 ], [ -117.886741,35.916614 ], [ -117.926741,35.916614 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"125","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527e5867e4b02d2057dd95c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amos, Colin B.","contributorId":62127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amos","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brownlee, Sarah J.","contributorId":72697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownlee","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rood, Sylan H.","contributorId":17906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rood","given":"Sylan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fisher, G. Burch","contributorId":24268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Burch","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burgmann, Roland","contributorId":95128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgmann","given":"Roland","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Renne, Paul R.","contributorId":47680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renne","given":"Paul R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jayko, Angela S. 0000-0002-7378-0330 ajayko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7378-0330","contributorId":2531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jayko","given":"Angela","email":"ajayko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70169865,"text":"70169865 - 2013 - Factors influencing the distribution of native bull trout and westslope cutthroat trout in western Glacier National Park, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-28T11:28:30","indexId":"70169865","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors influencing the distribution of native bull trout and westslope cutthroat trout in western Glacier National Park, Montana","docAbstract":"

The widespread declines of native bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) and westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi) populations prompted researchers to investigate factors influencing their distribution and status in western Glacier National Park, Montana. We evaluated the association of a suite of abiotic factors (stream width, elevation, gradient, large woody debris density, pool density, August mean stream temperature, reach surface area) with the occurrence (presence or absence) of bull trout and westslope cutthroat trout in 79 stream reaches in five sub-drainages containing glacial lakes. We modeled the occurrence of each species using logistic regression and evaluated competing models using an information theoretic approach. Westslope cutthroat trout were widely distributed (47 of 79 reaches), and there appeared to be no restrictions on their distribution other than physical barriers. Westslope cutthroat trout were most commonly found in relatively warm reaches downstream of lakes and in headwater reaches with large amounts of large woody debris and abundant pools. By contrast, bull trout were infrequently detected (10 of 79 reaches), with 7 of the 10 (70%) detections in sub-drainages that have not been compromised by non-native lake trout (S. namaycush). Bull trout were most often found in cold, low-gradient reaches upstream of glacial lakes. Our results indicate that complex stream habitats in sub-drainages free of non-native species are important to the persistence of native salmonids in western Glacier National Park. Results from this study may help managers monitor and protect important habitats and populations, inform conservation and recovery programs, and guide non-native species suppression efforts in Glacier National Park and elsewhere.

","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Scientific Association","publisherLocation":"Cheney, WA","doi":"10.3955/046.087.0101","usgsCitation":"D'Angelo, V., and Muhlfeld, C.C., 2013, Factors influencing the distribution of native bull trout and westslope cutthroat trout in western Glacier National Park, Montana: Northwest Science, v. 87, no. 1, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.087.0101.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029313","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319549,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.4720458984375,\n 49.001843917978526\n ],\n [\n -113.89251708984374,\n 49.00004203215395\n ],\n [\n -113.89663696289062,\n 48.943249256234296\n ],\n [\n -113.90075683593749,\n 48.87465122643438\n ],\n [\n -113.83621215820312,\n 48.83489352771377\n ],\n [\n -113.80874633789062,\n 48.796913540275355\n ],\n [\n -113.8128662109375,\n 48.760715369622815\n ],\n [\n -113.94607543945312,\n 48.72358515157852\n ],\n [\n -113.97491455078125,\n 48.69730575091258\n ],\n [\n -114.04083251953124,\n 48.670105719954485\n ],\n [\n -114.07241821289061,\n 48.65105695744788\n ],\n [\n -114.11636352539062,\n 48.63109338958398\n ],\n [\n -114.14794921875,\n 48.63109338958398\n ],\n [\n -114.19052124023438,\n 48.675546901341384\n ],\n [\n -114.20013427734375,\n 48.7000249460914\n ],\n [\n -114.21112060546875,\n 48.7127125814524\n ],\n [\n -114.24407958984375,\n 48.7181491602648\n ],\n [\n -114.26193237304688,\n 48.733549609837404\n ],\n [\n -114.27978515625,\n 48.76524156853451\n ],\n [\n -114.28115844726562,\n 48.7941995829296\n ],\n [\n -114.31549072265625,\n 48.802341014504485\n ],\n [\n -114.33746337890624,\n 48.81952414194507\n ],\n [\n -114.3896484375,\n 48.89271247049609\n ],\n [\n -114.378662109375,\n 48.921596894532975\n ],\n [\n -114.42672729492188,\n 48.957678947281124\n ],\n [\n -114.45693969726562,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -114.4720458984375,\n 49.001843917978526\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"87","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56fa55d2e4b0a6037df0aad8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D'Angelo, Vincent S. vdangelo@usgs.gov","contributorId":4176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D'Angelo","given":"Vincent S.","email":"vdangelo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muhlfeld, Clint C. 0000-0002-4599-4059 cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-4059","contributorId":924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"Clint","email":"cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70155279,"text":"70155279 - 2013 - Modeling rain-fed maize vulnerability to droughts using the standardized precipitation index from satellite estimated rainfall—Southern Malawi case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T11:49:43","indexId":"70155279","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2036,"text":"International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling rain-fed maize vulnerability to droughts using the standardized precipitation index from satellite estimated rainfall—Southern Malawi case study","docAbstract":"

During 1990s, disaster risk reduction emerged as a novel, proactive approach to managing risks from natural hazards. The World Bank, USAID, and other international donor agencies began making efforts to mainstream disaster risk reduction in countries whose population and economies were heavily dependent on rain-fed agriculture. This approach has more significance in light of the increasing climatic hazard patterns and the climate scenarios projected for different hazard prone countries in the world. The Famine Early Warning System Network (FEWS NET) has been monitoring the food security issues in the sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and in Haiti. FEWS NET monitors the rainfall and moisture availability conditions with the help of NOAA RFE2 data for deriving food security status in Africa. This paper highlights the efforts in using satellite estimated rainfall inputs to develop drought vulnerability models in the drought prone areas in Malawi. The satellite RFE2 based SPI corresponding to the critical tasseling and silking phases (in the months of January, February, and March) were statistically regressed with drought-induced yield losses at the district level. The analysis has shown that the drought conditions in February and early March lead to most damage to maize yields in this region. The district-wise vulnerabilities to drought were upscaled to obtain a regional maize vulnerability model for southern Malawi. The results would help in establishing an early monitoring mechanism for drought impact assessment, give the decision makers additional time to assess seasonal outcomes, and identify potential food-related hazards in Malawi.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2013.02.001","usgsCitation":"Funk, C.C., Verdin, J., Chavula, A., Gregory J. Husak, Harikishan Jayanthi, and Magadzire, T., 2013, Modeling rain-fed maize vulnerability to droughts using the standardized precipitation index from satellite estimated rainfall—Southern Malawi case study: International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, v. 4, p. 71-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2013.02.001.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"71","endPage":"81","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-031538","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306489,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f2dde4b0bc0bec0a0640","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Funk, Christopher C. 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Christopher","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":565483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Verdin, James 0000-0003-0238-9657 verdin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":145830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"James","email":"verdin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chavula, Adams","contributorId":145853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chavula","given":"Adams","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16263,"text":"Department of Climate Change and Meteorological Services, Malawi","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gregory J. Husak","contributorId":145824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gregory J. Husak","affiliations":[{"id":16245,"text":"Department of Geography and Climate Hazards Group, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harikishan Jayanthi","contributorId":145854,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harikishan Jayanthi","affiliations":[{"id":16264,"text":"Climate Hazards Group, UC Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Magadzire, Tamuka","contributorId":145852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magadzire","given":"Tamuka","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16262,"text":"Famine Early Warning Systems Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70132430,"text":"70132430 - 2013 - Operational evapotranspiration mapping using remote sensing and weather datasets: A new parameterization for the SSEB approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T13:05:54.132252","indexId":"70132430","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Operational evapotranspiration mapping using remote sensing and weather datasets: A new parameterization for the SSEB approach","docAbstract":"

The increasing availability of multi-scale remotely sensed data and global weather datasets is allowing the estimation of evapotranspiration (ET) at multiple scales. We present a simple but robust method that uses remotely sensed thermal data and model-assimilated weather fields to produce ET for the contiguous United States (CONUS) at monthly and seasonal time scales. The method is based on the Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) model, which is now parameterized for operational applications, renamed as SSEBop. The innovative aspect of the SSEBop is that it uses predefined boundary conditions that are unique to each pixel for the \"hot\" and \"cold\" reference conditions. The SSEBop model was used for computing ET for 12 years (2000-2011) using the MODIS and Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) data streams. SSEBop ET results compared reasonably well with monthly eddy covariance ET data explaining 64% of the observed variability across diverse ecosystems in the CONUS during 2005. Twelve annual ET anomalies (2000-2011) depicted the spatial extent and severity of the commonly known drought years in the CONUS. More research is required to improve the representation of the predefined boundary conditions in complex terrain at small spatial scales. SSEBop model was found to be a promising approach to conduct water use studies in the CONUS, with a similar opportunity in other parts of the world. The approach can also be applied with other thermal sensors such as Landsat.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/jawr.12057","usgsCitation":"Senay, G.B., Bohms, S., Singh, R.K., Gowda, P.H., Velpuri, N.M., Alemu, H., and Verdin, J.P., 2013, Operational evapotranspiration mapping using remote sensing and weather datasets: A new parameterization for the SSEB approach: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 49, no. 3, p. 577-591, https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12057.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"577","endPage":"591","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037720","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438789,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9L2YMV","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Daily SSEBop Evapotranspiration Data from 2000 to 2018"},{"id":381655,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5465d635e4b04d4b7dbd6624","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohms, Stefanie 0000-0002-2979-4655 sbohms@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-4655","contributorId":3148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohms","given":"Stefanie","email":"sbohms@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Singh, Ramesh K. 0000-0002-8164-3483 rsingh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8164-3483","contributorId":3895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singh","given":"Ramesh","email":"rsingh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gowda, Prasanna H.","contributorId":127439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gowda","given":"Prasanna","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6758,"text":"USDA-ARS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Velpuri, Naga Manohar 0000-0002-6370-1926 nvelpuri@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6370-1926","contributorId":4441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velpuri","given":"Naga","email":"nvelpuri@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Manohar","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Alemu, Henok","contributorId":124527,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alemu","given":"Henok","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5087,"text":"Geographic Information Science Center of Excellence (GIScCE), South Dakota State University, Brookings, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Verdin, James P. 0000-0003-0238-9657 verdin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"James","email":"verdin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70147946,"text":"70147946 - 2013 - The influence of coarse-scale environmental features on current and predicted future distributions of narrow-range endemic crayfish populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-11T10:16:40","indexId":"70147946","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of coarse-scale environmental features on current and predicted future distributions of narrow-range endemic crayfish populations","docAbstract":"

1.A major limitation to effective management of narrow-range crayfish populations is the paucity of information on the spatial distribution of crayfish species and a general understanding of the interacting environmental variables that drive current and future potential distributional patterns. 2.Maximum Entropy Species Distribution Modeling Software (MaxEnt) was used to predict the current and future potential distributions of four endemic crayfish species in the Ouachita Mountains. Current distributions were modelled using climate, geology, soils, land use, landform and flow variables thought to be important to lotic crayfish. Potential changes in the distribution were forecast by using models trained on current conditions and projecting onto the landscape predicted under climate-change scenarios. 3.The modelled distribution of the four species closely resembled the perceived distribution of each species but also predicted populations in streams and catchments where they had not previously been collected. Soils, elevation and winter precipitation and temperature most strongly related to current distributions and represented 6587% of the predictive power of the models. Model accuracy was high for all models, and model predictions of new populations were verified through additional field sampling. 4.Current models created using two spatial resolutions (1 and 4.5km2) showed that fine-resolution data more accurately represented current distributions. For three of the four species, the 1-km2 resolution models resulted in more conservative predictions. However, the modelled distributional extent of Orconectes leptogonopodus was similar regardless of data resolution. Field validations indicated 1-km2 resolution models were more accurate than 4.5-km2 resolution models. 5.Future projected (4.5-km2 resolution models) model distributions indicated three of the four endemic species would have truncated ranges with low occurrence probabilities under the low-emission scenario, whereas two of four species would be severely restricted in range under moderatehigh emissions. Discrepancies in the two emission scenarios probably relate to the exclusion of behavioural adaptations from species-distribution models. 6.These model predictions illustrate possible impacts of climate change on narrow-range endemic crayfish populations. The predictions do not account for biotic interactions, migration, local habitat conditions or species adaptation. However, we identified the constraining landscape features acting on these populations that provide a framework for addressing habitat needs at a fine scale and developing targeted and systematic monitoring programmes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","publisherLocation":"Oxford, England","doi":"10.1111/fwb.12109","usgsCitation":"Dyer, J.J., Brewer, S.K., Worthington, T.A., and Bergey, E.A., 2013, The influence of coarse-scale environmental features on current and predicted future distributions of narrow-range endemic crayfish populations: Freshwater Biology, v. 58, no. 6, p. 1071-1088, https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12109.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1071","endPage":"1088","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041861","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300273,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-02-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5551d2bce4b0a92fa7e93c15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dyer, Joseph J.","contributorId":140681,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dyer","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brewer, Shannon K. 0000-0002-1537-3921 skbrewer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-3921","contributorId":2252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"Shannon","email":"skbrewer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Worthington, Thomas A.","contributorId":140662,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Worthington","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bergey, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":140682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bergey","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70048461,"text":"70048461 - 2013 - Conservation status of freshwater gastropods of Canada and the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-27T11:09:07","indexId":"70048461","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T11:03:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation status of freshwater gastropods of Canada and the United States","docAbstract":"This is the first American Fisheries Society conservation assessment of freshwater gastropods (snails) from Canada and the United States by the Gastropod Subcommittee (Endangered Species Committee). This review covers 703 species representing 16 families and 93 genera, of which 67 species are considered extinct, or possibly extinct, 278 are endangered, 102 are threatened, 73 are vulnerable, 157 are currently stable, and 26 species have uncertain taxonomic status. Of the entire fauna, 74% of gastropods are imperiled (vulnerable, threatened, endangered) or extinct, which exceeds imperilment levels in fishes (39%) and crayfishes (48%) but is similar to that of mussels (72%). Comparison of modern to background extinction rates reveals that gastropods have the highest modern extinction rate yet observed, 9,539 times greater than background rates. Gastropods are highly susceptible to habitat loss and degradation, particularly narrow endemics restricted to a single spring or short stream reaches. Compilation of this review was hampered by a paucity of current distributional information and taxonomic uncertainties. Although research on several fronts including basic biology, physiology, conservation strategies, life history, and ecology are needed, systematics and curation of museum collections and databases coupled with comprehensive status surveys (geographic limits, threat identification) are priorities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/03632415.2013.785396","usgsCitation":"Johnson, P.D., Bogan, A., Brown, K.M., Burkhead, N.M., Cordeiro, J.R., Garner, J., Hartfield, P., Lepitzki, D.A., Mackie, G.L., Pip, E., Tarpley, T.A., Tiemann, J.S., Whelan, N.V., and Strong, E.E., 2013, Conservation status of freshwater gastropods of Canada and the United States: Fisheries, v. 38, no. 6, p. 247-282, https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2013.785396.","productDescription":"36 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cordeiro, James R.","contributorId":87851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordeiro","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Garner, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":45994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garner","given":"Jeffrey T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hartfield, Paul D.","contributorId":103960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartfield","given":"Paul D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lepitzki, Dwayne A.","contributorId":39686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lepitzki","given":"Dwayne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mackie, Gerry L.","contributorId":45215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mackie","given":"Gerry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Pip, Eva","contributorId":45995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pip","given":"Eva","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Tarpley, Thomas A.","contributorId":92964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarpley","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Tiemann, Jeremy S.","contributorId":66584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiemann","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Whelan, Nathan V.","contributorId":30532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Strong, Ellen E.","contributorId":87056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strong","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70048151,"text":"70048151 - 2013 - Tree growth and competition in an old-growth Picea abies forest of boreal Sweden: influence of tree spatial patterning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-24T11:06:50","indexId":"70048151","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2490,"text":"Journal of Vegetation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tree growth and competition in an old-growth Picea abies forest of boreal Sweden: influence of tree spatial patterning","docAbstract":"

Question: What factors best characterize tree competitive environments in this structurally diverse old-growth forest, and do these factors vary spatially within and among stands?

\n
\n

Location: Old-growth Picea abies forest of boreal Sweden.

\n
\n

Methods: Using long-term, mapped permanent plot data augmented with dendrochronological analyses, we evaluated the effect of neighbourhood competition on focal tree growth by means of standard competition indices, each modified to include various metrics of trees size, neighbour mortality weighting (for neighbours that died during the inventory period), and within-neighbourhood tree clustering. Candidate models were evaluated using mixed-model linear regression analyses, with mean basal area increment as the response variable. We then analysed stand-level spatial patterns of competition indices and growth rates (via kriging) to determine if the relationship between these patterns could further elucidate factors influencing tree growth.

\n
\n

Results: Inter-tree competition clearly affected growth rates, with crown volume being the size metric most strongly influencing the neighbourhood competitive environment. Including neighbour tree mortality weightings in models only slightly improved descriptions of competitive interactions. Although the within-neighbourhood clustering index did not improve model predictions, competition intensity was influenced by the underlying stand-level tree spatial arrangement: stand-level clustering locally intensified competition and reduced tree growth, whereas in the absence of such clustering, inter-tree competition played a lesser role in constraining tree growth.

\n
\n

Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that competition continues to influence forest processes and structures in an old-growth system that has not experienced major disturbances for at least two centuries. The finding that the underlying tree spatial pattern influenced the competitive environment suggests caution in interpreting traditional tree competition studies, in which tree spatial patterning is typically not taken into account. Our findings highlight the importance of forest structure – particularly the spatial arrangement of trees – in regulating inter-tree competition and growth in structurally diverse forests, and they provide insight into the causes and consequences of heterogeneity in this old-growth system.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Vegetation Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jvs.12096","usgsCitation":"Fraver, S., D’Amato, A.W., Bradford, J.B., Jonsson, B.G., Jonsson, M., and Esseen, P., 2013, Tree growth and competition in an old-growth Picea abies forest of boreal Sweden: influence of tree spatial patterning: Journal of Vegetation Science, v. 25, no. 2, p. 374-385, https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12096.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"374","endPage":"385","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-042516","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281044,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277525,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12096"}],"country":"Sweden","county":"V�sterbotten County","otherGeospatial":"Gardfj�llet Nature Reserve","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 14.26,63.41 ], [ 14.26,66.34 ], [ 21.62,66.34 ], [ 21.62,63.41 ], [ 14.26,63.41 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7993e4b0b2908510cec6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fraver, Shawn","contributorId":91379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fraver","given":"Shawn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":483874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"D’Amato, Anthony W.","contributorId":28140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D’Amato","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6735,"text":"University of Vermont, Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":13478,"text":"Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota (Correspondence to: russellm@umn.edu)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":483871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jonsson, Bengt Gunnar","contributorId":27361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jonsson","given":"Bengt","email":"","middleInitial":"Gunnar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jonsson, Mari","contributorId":65003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jonsson","given":"Mari","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Esseen, Per-Anders","contributorId":54113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esseen","given":"Per-Anders","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70094692,"text":"70094692 - 2013 - Hydrothermal contamination of public supply wells in Napa and Sonoma Valleys, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-24T09:46:36","indexId":"70094692","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T09:39:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrothermal contamination of public supply wells in Napa and Sonoma Valleys, California","docAbstract":"Groundwater chemistry and isotope data from 44 public supply wells in the Napa and Sonoma Valleys, California were determined to investigate mixing of relatively shallow groundwater with deeper hydrothermal fluids. Multivariate analyses including Cluster Analyses, Multidimensional Scaling (MDS), Principal Components Analyses (PCA), Analysis of Similarities (ANOSIM), and Similarity Percentage Analyses (SIMPER) were used to elucidate constituent distribution patterns, determine which constituents are significantly associated with these hydrothermal systems, and investigate hydrothermal contamination of local groundwater used for drinking water. Multivariate statistical analyses were essential to this study because traditional methods, such as mixing tests involving single species (e.g. Cl or SiO2) were incapable of quantifying component proportions due to mixing of multiple water types. Based on these analyses, water samples collected from the wells were broadly classified as fresh groundwater, saline waters, hydrothermal fluids, or mixed hydrothermal fluids/meteoric water wells. The Multivariate Mixing and Mass-balance (M3) model was applied in order to determine the proportion of hydrothermal fluids, saline water, and fresh groundwater in each sample. Major ions, isotopes, and physical parameters of the waters were used to characterize the hydrothermal fluids as Na–Cl type, with significant enrichment in the trace elements As, B, F and Li. Five of the wells from this study were classified as hydrothermal, 28 as fresh groundwater, two as saline water, and nine as mixed hydrothermal fluids/meteoric water wells. The M3 mixing-model results indicated that the nine mixed wells contained between 14% and 30% hydrothermal fluids. Further, the chemical analyses show that several of these mixed-water wells have concentrations of As, F and B that exceed drinking-water standards or notification levels due to contamination by hydrothermal fluids.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.01.012","usgsCitation":"Forrest, M.J., Kulongoski, J., Edwards, M., Farrar, C.D., Belitz, K., and Norris, R.D., 2013, Hydrothermal contamination of public supply wells in Napa and Sonoma Valleys, California: Applied Geochemistry, v. 33, p. 25-40, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.01.012.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"40","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-020078","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282654,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.01.012"},{"id":282663,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Napa Valley;Sonoma Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.0,38.0 ], [ -123.0,39.0 ], [ -122.0,39.0 ], [ -122.0,38.0 ], [ -123.0,38.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"33","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd61d2e4b0b290850fdc23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Forrest, Matthew J.","contributorId":8383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forrest","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kulongoski, Justin T. 0000-0002-3498-4154","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3498-4154","contributorId":94750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulongoski","given":"Justin T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, Matthew S.","contributorId":53293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Matthew S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Farrar, Christopher D. cdfarrar@usgs.gov","contributorId":1501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrar","given":"Christopher","email":"cdfarrar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":490815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Norris, Richard D.","contributorId":51651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norris","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70129831,"text":"70129831 - 2013 - Character, mass, distribution, and origin of tephra-fall deposits from the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska: highlighting the significance of particle aggregation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-11-13T09:06:18","indexId":"70129831","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Character, mass, distribution, and origin of tephra-fall deposits from the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska: highlighting the significance of particle aggregation","docAbstract":"

The 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano included 20 tephra-producing explosions between March 15, 2009 and April 4, 2009 (UTC). Next-Generation radar (NEXRAD) data show that plumes reached heights between 4.6 km and 19 km asl and were distributed downwind along nearly all azimuths of the volcano. Explosions lasted between < 1 and 31 min based on the signal duration at a distal seismic station (86 km). From Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery and field data, we estimate that over 80,000 km2 received at least minor ash fall (> 0.8 mm thick), including communities along the Kenai Peninsula (80–100 km) and the city of Anchorage (170 km). Trace ash (< 0.8 mm) was reported as far as Fairbanks, 550 km NNE of the volcano. We estimate the total mass of tephra-fall deposits at 54.6 × 109 kg with a total DRE volume of 20.6 × 106 m3.

\n

 

\n

On March 15, a small (4.6 km asl) phreatic explosion containing minor, non-juvenile ash, erupted through the summit ice cap. The first five magmatic explosions (events 1–5) occurred within a 6-hour period on March 23. Plumes rose to heights between 5.5 km and 14.9 km asl during 2- to 20-minute-duration explosions, and were dispersed mainly along a NNE trajectory. Trace ash fall was reported as far as Fairbanks. Owing to a shift in wind direction and heavy snowfall during these events, field discrimination among many of these layers was possible. All deposits comprise a volumetrically significant amount of particle aggregates, yet only event 5 deposits contain coarse clasts including glacier ice. The most voluminous tephra fall was deposited on March 24 (event 6) from a 15 minute explosion that sent a plume to 18.3 km asl, and dispersed tephra to the WNW. Within 10 km of the vent, this deposit contains 1–11 cm pumice clasts in a matrix of 1–2 mm aggregate lapilli. A small dome was presumably emplaced between March 23 and March 26 and was subsequently destroyed during 1–14 minute magmatic explosions of events 7–8 (March 26) that sent plumes between 8.2 km and 19 km asl. Ash fell along a broad swath to the ESE, covering communities along the Kenai Peninsula with up to 1 mm of ash. Proximal deposits are largely composed of aggregate lapilli of 1–2 mm with very little coarse juvenile material. Events 9–18 (March 27) sent plumes between 5.2 km and 15.5 km asl during < 1–11-minute-long explosions. Ash clouds dispersed along trajectories to the NE, ENE and N and event 17 deposited up to 1 mm of ash on upper Kenai Peninsula and Anchorage. A moderate-size dome was emplaced between March 29 and April 4 and was subsequently destroyed during event 19 on April 4 which lasted 31 min and sent ash to 15.2 km asl. The proximal deposit is principally composed of dense dome rock, unlike earlier events, indicating that event 19 was likely caused by dome failure. The cloud dispersed to the SE along a narrow trajectory and up to 1–2 mm of ash fell on the lower Kenai Peninsula.

\n

 

\n

Particle size data showing a preponderance of fine ash, even in the most proximal locations, along with the abundance of aggregate lapilli documented in most samples, confirms that particle aggregation played a significant role in the 2009 eruption and induced premature fallout of fine ash.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Holland","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.09.015","usgsCitation":"Wallace, K.L., Coombs, M., and Schaefer, J.R., 2013, Character, mass, distribution, and origin of tephra-fall deposits from the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska: highlighting the significance of particle aggregation: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 259, p. 145-169, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.09.015.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"169","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042126","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296022,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":296025,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377027312003010"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Redoubt Volcano","volume":"259","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5465d62fe4b04d4b7dbd6579","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wallace, Kristi L. 0000-0002-0962-048X kwallace@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0962-048X","contributorId":3454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Kristi","email":"kwallace@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coombs, Michelle L","contributorId":119323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coombs","given":"Michelle L","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schaefer, Janet R.","contributorId":82224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaefer","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70147411,"text":"70147411 - 2013 - Ground motions recorded in Rome during the April 2009 L’Aquila seismic sequence: site response and comparison with ground‐motion predictions based on a global dataset","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-01T11:49:20","indexId":"70147411","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground motions recorded in Rome during the April 2009 L’Aquila seismic sequence: site response and comparison with ground‐motion predictions based on a global dataset","docAbstract":"

The mainshock and moderate‐magnitude aftershocks of the 6 April 2009 M 6.3 L’Aquila seismic sequence, about 90 km northeast of Rome, provided the first earthquake ground‐motion recordings in the urban area of Rome. Before those recordings were obtained, the assessments of the seismic hazard in Rome were based on intensity observations and theoretical considerations. The L’Aquila recordings offer an unprecedented opportunity to calibrate the city response to central Apennine earthquakes—earthquakes that have been responsible for the largest damage to Rome in historical times. Using the data recorded in Rome in April 2009, we show that (1) published theoretical predictions of a 1 s resonance in the Tiber valley are confirmed by observations showing a significant amplitude increase in response spectra at that period, (2) the empirical soil‐transfer functions inferred from spectral ratios are satisfactorily fit through 1D models using the available geological, geophysical, and laboratory data, but local variability can be large for individual events, (3) response spectra for the motions recorded in Rome from the L’Aquila earthquakes are significantly amplified in the radial component at periods near 1 s, even at a firm site on volcanic rocks, and (4) short‐period response spectra are smaller than expected when compared to ground‐motion predictions from equations based on a global dataset, whereas the observed response spectra are higher than expected for periods near 1 s.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120120153","usgsCitation":"Caserta, A., Boore, D., Rovelli, A., Govoni, A., Marra, F., Monica, G.D., and Boschi, E., 2013, Ground motions recorded in Rome during the April 2009 L’Aquila seismic sequence: site response and comparison with ground‐motion predictions based on a global dataset: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 103, no. 3, p. 1860-1874, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120120153.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1860","endPage":"1874","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037575","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy","city":"Rome","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 12.18658447265625,\n 41.67086022030498\n ],\n [\n 12.18658447265625,\n 42.03807425331983\n ],\n [\n 12.726287841796875,\n 42.03807425331983\n ],\n [\n 12.726287841796875,\n 41.67086022030498\n ],\n [\n 12.18658447265625,\n 41.67086022030498\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"103","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5544a3ade4b0a658d79478bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caserta, Arrigo","contributorId":140508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caserta","given":"Arrigo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12533,"text":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Sezione di Palermo- Via Ugo La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boore, David 0000-0002-8605-9673 boore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8605-9673","contributorId":140502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"David","email":"boore@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rovelli, Antonio","contributorId":79378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rovelli","given":"Antonio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12533,"text":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Sezione di Palermo- Via Ugo La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Govoni, Aladino","contributorId":140506,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Govoni","given":"Aladino","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12533,"text":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Sezione di Palermo- Via Ugo La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marra, Fabrizio","contributorId":140509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marra","given":"Fabrizio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12533,"text":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Sezione di Palermo- Via Ugo La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Monica, Gieseppe Della","contributorId":140510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monica","given":"Gieseppe","email":"","middleInitial":"Della","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Boschi, Enzo","contributorId":15375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boschi","given":"Enzo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70154813,"text":"70154813 - 2013 - Quantifiable long-term monitoring on parks and nature preserves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-13T13:36:59","indexId":"70154813","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifiable long-term monitoring on parks and nature preserves","docAbstract":"

Herpetofauna have declined globally, and monitoring is a useful approach to document local and long-term changes. However, monitoring efforts often fail to account for detectability or follow standardized protocols. We performed a case study at Hemlock Bluffs Nature Preserve in Cary, NC to model occupancy of focal species and demonstrate a replicable long-term protocol useful to parks and nature preserves. From March 2010 to 2011, we documented occupancy of Ambystoma opacum(Marbled Salamander), Plethodon cinereus (Red-backed Salamander), Carphophis amoenus (Eastern Worm Snake), and Diadophis punctatus (Ringneck Snake) at coverboard sites and estimated breeding female Ambystoma maculatum (Spotted Salamander) abundance via dependent double-observer egg-mass counts in ephemeral pools. Temperature influenced detection of both Marbled and Red-backed Salamanders. Based on egg-mass data, we estimated Spotted Salamander abundance to be between 21 and 44 breeding females. We detected 43 of 53 previously documented herpetofauna species. Our approach demonstrates a monitoring protocol that accounts for factors that influence species detection and is replicable by parks or nature preserves with limited resources.

","language":"English","publisher":"Eagle Hill Institute","doi":"10.1656/058.012.0208","usgsCitation":"Beck, S., Moorman, C., DePerno, C.S., and Simons, T.R., 2013, Quantifiable long-term monitoring on parks and nature preserves: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 12, no. 2, p. 339-352, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.012.0208.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"339","endPage":"352","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-040772","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306660,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","city":"Cary","otherGeospatial":"Hemlock Bluffs Nature Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.79274368286133,\n 35.72094256553939\n ],\n [\n -78.78660678863525,\n 35.72061156881403\n ],\n [\n -78.78649950027466,\n 35.721517451320494\n ],\n [\n -78.78596305847168,\n 35.72226653868991\n ],\n [\n -78.7848687171936,\n 35.722893676187255\n ],\n [\n -78.78364562988281,\n 35.72308530054899\n ],\n [\n -78.78192901611328,\n 35.722858835344695\n ],\n [\n -78.77995491027832,\n 35.72296335782665\n ],\n [\n -78.77871036529541,\n 35.723555649300955\n ],\n [\n -78.77785205841064,\n 35.72446149833246\n ],\n [\n -78.77753019332886,\n 35.72559379513714\n ],\n [\n -78.77753019332886,\n 35.72611638823415\n ],\n [\n -78.7781524658203,\n 35.72594219091608\n ],\n [\n -78.77933263778687,\n 35.72580283278736\n ],\n [\n -78.78044843673705,\n 35.725977030410164\n ],\n [\n -78.78124237060547,\n 35.72651704062007\n ],\n [\n -78.7813925743103,\n 35.72695253005832\n ],\n [\n -78.78143548965453,\n 35.72848543394064\n ],\n [\n -78.78141403198242,\n 35.72874672143234\n ],\n [\n -78.78085613250732,\n 35.7292692938444\n ],\n [\n -78.78130674362183,\n 35.729547997728965\n ],\n [\n -78.78173589706421,\n 35.729147360588264\n ],\n [\n -78.78336668014526,\n 35.729060265291\n ],\n [\n -78.78319501876831,\n 35.73022733436189\n ],\n [\n -78.78501892089844,\n 35.73033184717573\n ],\n [\n -78.78570556640624,\n 35.728694464002565\n ],\n [\n -78.78795862197876,\n 35.72928671286575\n ],\n [\n -78.78903150558472,\n 35.729948632854445\n ],\n [\n -78.78905296325684,\n 35.73027959078595\n ],\n [\n -78.78963232040405,\n 35.73034926596472\n ],\n [\n -78.78997564315794,\n 35.72986153843338\n ],\n [\n -78.79031896591185,\n 35.7294609028698\n ],\n [\n -78.78997564315794,\n 35.72916477963626\n ],\n [\n -78.78982543945312,\n 35.72930413188329\n ],\n [\n -78.7899112701416,\n 35.72949574082487\n ],\n [\n -78.78963232040405,\n 35.72958283564595\n ],\n [\n -78.78909587860107,\n 35.72933896990696\n ],\n [\n -78.7893533706665,\n 35.72366017086872\n ],\n [\n -78.79274368286133,\n 35.72094256553939\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdbfbbe4b08400b1fe142d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beck, Scott","contributorId":146484,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beck","given":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moorman, Christopher","contributorId":146485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moorman","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DePerno, Christopher S.","contributorId":10327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DePerno","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Simons, Theodore R. 0000-0002-1884-6229 tsimons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1884-6229","contributorId":2623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simons","given":"Theodore","email":"tsimons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70148609,"text":"70148609 - 2013 - Desert fires fueled by native annual forbs: effects of fire on communities of plants and birds in the lower Sonoran Desert of Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-25T13:35:58","indexId":"70148609","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Desert fires fueled by native annual forbs: effects of fire on communities of plants and birds in the lower Sonoran Desert of Arizona","docAbstract":"

In 2005, fire ignited by humans swept from Yuma Proving Grounds into Kofa National Wildlife Refuge, Arizona, burning ca. 9,255 ha of Wilderness Area. Fuels were predominantly the native forb Plantago ovata. Large fires at low elevations were rare in the 19th and 20th centuries, and fires fueled by native vegetation are undocumented in the southwestern deserts. We estimated the area damaged by fire using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, which are more accurate and reduce subjectivity of aerial surveys of perimeters of fires. Assemblages of upland and xeroriparian plants lost 91 and 81% of live cover, respectively, in fires. The trees Olneya tesota and Cercidium had high amounts of top-kill. King Valley was an important xeroriparian corridor for birds. Species richness of birds decreased significantly following the fire. Numbers of breeding birds were lower in burned areas of King Valley 3 years post-fire, compared to numbers in nearby but unburned Alamo Wash. Although birds function within a large geographic scale, the extent of this burn still influenced the relative abundance of local species of breeding birds. This suggests that breeding birds respond to conditions of localized burns and slow recovery of vegetation contributes to continued lower numbers of birds in the burned sites in King Valley.

","language":"English","publisher":"Southwestern Association of Naturalists","doi":"10.1894/0038-4909-58.2.223","usgsCitation":"Esque, T., Webb, R.H., Wallace, C., van Riper, C., McCreedy, C., and Smythe, L.A., 2013, Desert fires fueled by native annual forbs: effects of fire on communities of plants and birds in the lower Sonoran Desert of Arizona: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 58, no. 2, p. 223-233, https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909-58.2.223.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"233","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-013310","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":302568,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"King Valley, Kofa National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.23309326171875,\n 32.909568110575655\n ],\n [\n -114.23309326171875,\n 33.38329288020202\n ],\n [\n -113.61236572265624,\n 33.38329288020202\n ],\n [\n -113.61236572265624,\n 32.909568110575655\n ],\n [\n -114.23309326171875,\n 32.909568110575655\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"58","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558e77b2e4b0b6d21dd65944","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":140024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":548873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, Robert H. rhwebb@usgs.gov","contributorId":141216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Robert","email":"rhwebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wallace, Cynthia S.A. cwallace@usgs.gov","contributorId":139089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Cynthia S.A.","email":"cwallace@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":548874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":548871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCreedy, Chris","contributorId":141217,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCreedy","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smythe, Lindsay A.","contributorId":141218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smythe","given":"Lindsay","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70046340,"text":"70046340 - 2013 - Hydrogeomorphology explains acidification-driven variation in aquatic biological communities in the Neversink Basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-11T15:25:08","indexId":"70046340","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeomorphology explains acidification-driven variation in aquatic biological communities in the Neversink Basin, USA","docAbstract":"Describing the distribution of aquatic habitats and the health of biological communities can be costly and time-consuming; therefore, simple, inexpensive methods to scale observations of aquatic biota to watersheds that lack data would be useful. In this study, we explored the potential of a simple “hydrogeomorphic” model to predict the effects of acid deposition on macroinvertebrate, fish, and diatom communities in 28 sub-watersheds of the 176-km2 Neversink River basin in the Catskill Mountains of New York State. The empirical model was originally developed to predict stream-water acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) using the watershed slope and drainage density. Because ANC is known to be strongly related to aquatic biological communities in the Neversink, we speculated that the model might correlate well with biotic indicators of ANC response. The hydrogeomorphic model was strongly correlated to several measures of macroinvertebrate and fish community richness and density, but less strongly correlated to diatom acid tolerance. The model was also strongly correlated to biological communities in 18 sub-watersheds independent of the model development, with the linear correlation capturing the strongly acidic nature of small upland watersheds (<1 km2). Overall, we demonstrated the applicability of geospatial data sets and a simple hydrogeomorphic model for estimating aquatic biological communities in areas with stream-water acidification, allowing estimates where no direct field observations are available. Similar modeling approaches have the potential to complement or refine expensive and time-consuming measurements of aquatic biota populations and to aid in regional assessments of aquatic health.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/12-0603.1","usgsCitation":"Harpold, A.A., Burns, D.A., Walter, M., and Steenhuis, T.S., 2013, Hydrogeomorphology explains acidification-driven variation in aquatic biological communities in the Neversink Basin, USA: Ecological Applications, v. 23, no. 4, p. 791-800, https://doi.org/10.1890/12-0603.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"791","endPage":"800","ipdsId":"IP-034694","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273616,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273615,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/12-0603.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Catskill Mountains;Neversink Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.45,41.76 ], [ -75.45,42.75 ], [ -73.84,42.75 ], [ -73.84,41.76 ], [ -75.45,41.76 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b846e8e4b03203c522b1e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harpold, Adrian A.","contributorId":80572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harpold","given":"Adrian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869 daburns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":1237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas","email":"daburns@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walter, M.","contributorId":80899,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walter","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47618,"text":"Retired Calpine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":479512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steenhuis, Tammo S.","contributorId":7985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steenhuis","given":"Tammo","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70046560,"text":"70046560 - 2013 - Tracing groundwater with low-level detections of halogenated VOCs in a fractured carbonate-rock aquifer, Leetown Science Center, West Virginia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T15:11:56","indexId":"70046560","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracing groundwater with low-level detections of halogenated VOCs in a fractured carbonate-rock aquifer, Leetown Science Center, West Virginia, USA","docAbstract":"Measurements of low-level concentrations of halogenated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and estimates of groundwater age interpreted from 3H/3He and SF6 data have led to an improved understanding of groundwater flow, water sources, and transit times in a karstic, fractured, carbonate-rock aquifer at the Leetown Science Center (LSC), West Virginia. The sum of the concentrations of a set of 16 predominant halogenated VOCs (TDVOC) determined by gas chromatography with electron-capture detector (GC–ECD) exceeded that possible for air–water equilibrium in 34 of the 47 samples (median TDVOC of 24,800 pg kg−1), indicating that nearly all the water sampled in the vicinity of the LSC has been affected by addition of halogenated VOCs from non-atmospheric source(s). Leakage from a landfill that was closed and sealed nearly 20 a prior to sampling was recognized and traced to areas east of the LSC using low-level detection of tetrachloroethene (PCE), methyl chloride (MeCl), methyl chloroform (MC), dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12), and cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-1,2-DCE). Chloroform (CHLF) was the predominant VOC in water from domestic wells surrounding the LSC, and was elevated in groundwater in and near the Fish Health Laboratory at the LSC, where a leak of chlorinated water occurred prior to 2006. The low-level concentrations of halogenated VOCs did not exceed human or aquatic-life health criteria, and were useful in providing an awareness of the intrinsic susceptibility of the fractured karstic groundwater system at the LSC to non-atmospheric anthropogenic inputs. The 3H/3He groundwater ages of spring discharge from the carbonate rocks showed transient behavior, with ages averaging about 2 a in 2004 following a wet climatic period (2003–2004), and ages in the range of 4–7 a in periods of more average precipitation (2008–2009). The SF6 and CFC-12 data indicate older water (model ages of 10s of years or more) in the low-permeability shale of the Martinsburg Formation located to the west of the LSC. A two-a record of specific conductance, water temperature, and discharge recorded at 30-min intervals demonstrated an approximately 3-month lag in discharge at Gray Spring. The low groundwater ages of waters from the carbonate rocks support rapid advective transport of contaminants from the LSC vicinity, yet the nearly ubiquitous occurrence of low-level concentrations of halogenated VOCs at the LSC suggests the presence of long-term persistent sources, such as seepage from the closed and sealed landfill, infiltration of VOCs that may persist locally in the epikarst, exchange with low-permeability zones in fractured rock, and upward leakage of older water that may contain elevated concentrations of halogenated VOCs from earlier land use activities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.02.021","usgsCitation":"Plummer, N., Sibrell, P.L., Casile, G.C., Busenberg, E., Hunt, A.G., and Schlosser, P., 2013, Tracing groundwater with low-level detections of halogenated VOCs in a fractured carbonate-rock aquifer, Leetown Science Center, West Virginia, USA: Applied Geochemistry, v. 33, p. 260-280, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.02.021.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"260","endPage":"280","ipdsId":"IP-044434","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273990,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273979,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.02.021"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","county":"Jefferson","otherGeospatial":"Leetown Science Center","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -78.03,39.13 ], [ -78.03,39.45 ], [ -77.71,39.45 ], [ -77.71,39.13 ], [ -78.03,39.13 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"33","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51c1816ee4b0dd0e00d9221d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sibrell, Philip L. psibrell@usgs.gov","contributorId":2006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sibrell","given":"Philip","email":"psibrell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Casile, Gerolamo C. jcasile@usgs.gov","contributorId":4007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casile","given":"Gerolamo","email":"jcasile@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hunt, Andrew G. 0000-0002-3810-8610 ahunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-8610","contributorId":1582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Andrew","email":"ahunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schlosser, Peter","contributorId":50936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlosser","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70193572,"text":"70193572 - 2013 - Injection, transport, and deposition of tephra during event 5 at Redoubt Volcano, 23 March, 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T16:44:38","indexId":"70193572","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Injection, transport, and deposition of tephra during event 5 at Redoubt Volcano, 23 March, 2009","docAbstract":"

Among the events of the 2009 eruption at Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, event 5 was the best documented by radar, satellite imagery, and deposit mapping. We use the new Eulerian tephra transport model Ash3d to simulate transport and deposition of event 5 tephra at distances up to 350 km. The eruption, which started at about 1230 UTC on 23 March, 2009, sent a plume from the vent elevation (estimated at 2.3 ± 0.1 km above sea level or a.s.l.) to about 16 ± 2 km above sea level in 5 min. The plume was a few kilometers higher than would be expected for the estimated average mass eruption rate and atmospheric conditions, possibly due to release of most of the eruptive mass in the first half of the 20-minute event. The eruption injected tephra into a wind field of high shear, with weak easterly winds below ~ 3 km elevation, strong southerly winds at 6–10 km and weak westerlies above ~ 16 km. Model simulations in this wind field predicted development of a northward-migrating inverted “v”-shaped cloud with a southwest-trending arm at a few kilometers elevation, which was not visible in IR satellite images due to cloud cover, and a southeast-trending arm at > 10 km elevation that was clearly visible. Simulations also predicted a deposit distribution that strongly depended on plume height: a plume height below 15 km predicted ash deposits that were located west of those mapped, whereas good agreement was reached with a modeled plume height of 15–18 km. Field sampling of the deposit found it to contain abundant tephra aggregates, which accelerated the removal of tephra from the atmosphere. We were able to reasonably approximate the effect of aggregation on the deposit mass distribution by two methods: (1) adjusting the grain-size distribution, taking the erupted mass < = 0.063 mm in diameter and distributing it evenly into bins of coarser size; and (2) moving 80–90% of the mass < = 0.063 mm into a single particle bin ranging in size from 0.25 to 1 mm. These methods produced an area inside the 100 g m− 2 isomass lines that was within a few tens of percent of mapped area; however they under-predicted deposit mass at very proximal (< 50 km) and very distal (> 250 km) locations. Modeled grain-size distributions at sample locations are also generally coarser than observed. The mismatch may result from a combination of limitations in field sampling, approximations inherent in the model, errors in the numerical wind field, and aggregation of particles larger than 0.063 mm.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.04.025","usgsCitation":"Mastin, L.G., Schwaiger, H.F., Schneider, D.J., Wallace, K.L., Schaefer, J., and Denlinger, R.P., 2013, Injection, transport, and deposition of tephra during event 5 at Redoubt Volcano, 23 March, 2009: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 259, p. 201-213, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.04.025.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"201","endPage":"213","ipdsId":"IP-037047","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348150,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Redoubt Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.96951293945312,\n 60.38604094380978\n ],\n [\n -152.55203247070312,\n 60.38604094380978\n ],\n [\n -152.55203247070312,\n 60.58696734225869\n ],\n [\n -152.96951293945312,\n 60.58696734225869\n ],\n [\n -152.96951293945312,\n 60.38604094380978\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"259","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2eade4b0531197b27fd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mastin, Larry G. 0000-0002-4795-1992 lgmastin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-1992","contributorId":555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"Larry","email":"lgmastin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwaiger, Hans F. 0000-0001-7397-8833 hschwaiger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7397-8833","contributorId":4108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwaiger","given":"Hans","email":"hschwaiger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schneider, David J. 0000-0001-9092-1054 djschneider@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9092-1054","contributorId":198601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"David","email":"djschneider@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":719402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wallace, Kristi L. 0000-0002-0962-048X kwallace@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0962-048X","contributorId":3454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Kristi","email":"kwallace@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schaefer, Janet","contributorId":199547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schaefer","given":"Janet","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Denlinger, Roger P. 0000-0003-0930-0635 roger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-0635","contributorId":2679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denlinger","given":"Roger","email":"roger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70193589,"text":"70193589 - 2013 - Source characterization for an explosion during the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano from very-long-period seismic waves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T12:07:15","indexId":"70193589","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Source characterization for an explosion during the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano from very-long-period seismic waves","docAbstract":"

The 2009 eruption of Redoubt produced several very-long-period (VLP) signals associated with explosions. We invert for the source location and mechanism of an explosion at Redoubt volcano using waveform methods applied to broadband recordings. Such characterization of the source carries information on the geometry of the conduit and the physics of the explosion process. Inversions are carried out assuming the volcanic source can be modeled as a point source, with mechanisms described by a) a set of 3 orthogonal forces, b) a moment tensor consisting of force couples, and c) both forces and moment tensor components. We find that the source of the VLP seismic waves during the explosion is well-described by either a combined moment/force source located northeast of the crater and at an elevation of 1.6 km ASL or a moment source at an elevation of 800 m to the southwest of the crater. The moment tensors for the solutions with moment and force and moment-only share similar characteristics. The source time functions for both moment tensors begin with inflation (pressurization) and execute two cycles of deflation-reinflation (depressurization–repressurization). Although the moment/force source provides a better fit to the data, we find that owing to the limited coverage of the broadband stations at Redoubt the moment-only source is the more robust and reliable solution. Based on the moment-only solution, we estimate a volume change of 19,000 m3 and a pressure change of 7 MPa in a dominant sill and an out-of-phase volume change of 5000 m3 and pressure change of 1.8 MPa in a subdominant dike at the source location. These results shed new light on the magmatic plumbing system beneath Redoubt and complement previous studies on Vulcanian explosions at other volcanoes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.04.018","usgsCitation":"Haney, M.M., Chouet, B.A., Dawson, P.B., and Power, J.A., 2013, Source characterization for an explosion during the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano from very-long-period seismic waves: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 259, p. 77-88, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.04.018.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"77","endPage":"88","ipdsId":"IP-039175","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348082,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Redoubt Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.95578002929685,\n 60.377896523775306\n ],\n [\n -152.59048461914062,\n 60.377896523775306\n ],\n [\n -152.59048461914062,\n 60.58899055641445\n ],\n [\n -152.95578002929685,\n 60.58899055641445\n ],\n [\n -152.95578002929685,\n 60.377896523775306\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"259","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2eade4b0531197b27fc9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haney, Matthew M. mhaney@usgs.gov","contributorId":2943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haney","given":"Matthew","email":"mhaney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":719509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chouet, Bernard A. 0000-0001-5527-0532 chouet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5527-0532","contributorId":3304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chouet","given":"Bernard","email":"chouet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dawson, Phillip B. dawson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Phillip","email":"dawson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Power, John A. 0000-0002-7233-4398 jpower@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7233-4398","contributorId":2768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"John","email":"jpower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":719508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70193578,"text":"70193578 - 2013 - Volcano–ice interactions precursory to the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-25T14:19:33","indexId":"70193578","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcano–ice interactions precursory to the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"

In late summer of 2008, after nearly 20 years of quiescence, Redoubt Volcano began to show signs of abnormal heat flow in its summit crater. In the months that followed, the excess heat triggered melting and ablation of Redoubt's glaciers, beginning at the summit and propagating to lower elevations as the unrest accelerated. A variety of morphological changes were observed, including the creation of ice cauldrons, areas of wide-spread subsidence, punctures in the ice carved out by steam, and deposition from debris flows. In this paper, we use visual observations, satellite data, and a high resolution digital elevation model of the volcanic edifice to calculate ice loss at Redoubt as a function of time. Our aim is to establish from this time series a proxy for heat flow that can be compared to other data sets collected along the same time interval. Our study area consists of the Drift glacier, which flows from the summit crater down the volcano's north slope, and makes up about one quarter of Redoubt's total ice volume of ~ 4 km3. The upper part of the Drift glacier covers the area of recent volcanism, making this part of ice mass most susceptible to the effect of volcanic heating. Moreover, melt water and other flows are channeled down the Drift glacier drainage by topography, leaving the remainder of Redoubt's ice mantle relatively unaffected. The rate of ice loss averaged around 0.1 m3/s over the last four months of 2008, accelerated to over twenty times this value by February 2009, and peaked at greater than 22 m3/s, just prior to the first major explosion on March 22, 2009. We estimate a cumulative ice loss over this period of about 35 million cubic meters (M m3).

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.10.008","usgsCitation":"Bleick, H.A., Coombs, M.L., Cervelli, P.F., Bull, K.F., and Wessels, R., 2013, Volcano–ice interactions precursory to the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 259, p. 373-388, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.10.008.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"373","endPage":"388","ipdsId":"IP-037530","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348073,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Redoubt Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.95989990234375,\n 60.39011239020665\n ],\n [\n -152.52731323242188,\n 60.39011239020665\n ],\n [\n -152.52731323242188,\n 60.584269526244995\n ],\n [\n -152.95989990234375,\n 60.584269526244995\n ],\n [\n -152.95989990234375,\n 60.39011239020665\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"259","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2eade4b0531197b27fd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bleick, Heather A. hbleick@usgs.gov","contributorId":2484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bleick","given":"Heather","email":"hbleick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coombs, Michelle L. 0000-0002-6002-6806 mcoombs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6002-6806","contributorId":2809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coombs","given":"Michelle","email":"mcoombs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cervelli, Peter F. 0000-0001-6765-1009 pcervelli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6765-1009","contributorId":1936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cervelli","given":"Peter","email":"pcervelli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bull, Katharine F.","contributorId":42692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bull","given":"Katharine","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wessels, Rick 0000-0001-9711-6402 rwessels@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9711-6402","contributorId":198602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wessels","given":"Rick","email":"rwessels@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70187114,"text":"70187114 - 2013 - Application of stable isotope ratio analysis for biodegradation monitoring in groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-24T11:26:12","indexId":"70187114","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5325,"text":"Current Opinion in Biotechnology","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of stable isotope ratio analysis for biodegradation monitoring in groundwater","docAbstract":"

Stable isotope ratio analysis is increasingly being applied as a tool to detect, understand, and quantify biodegradation of organic and inorganic contaminants in groundwater. An important feature of this approach is that it allows degradative losses of contaminants to be distinguished from those caused by non-destructive processes such as dilution, dispersion, and sorption. Recent advances in analytical techniques, and new approaches for interpreting stable isotope data, have expanded the utility of this method while also exposing complications and ambiguities that must be considered in data interpretations. Isotopic analyses of multiple elements in a compound, and multiple compounds in the environment, are being used to distinguish biodegradative pathways by their characteristic isotope effects. Numerical models of contaminant transport, degradation pathways, and isotopic composition are improving quantitative estimates of in situ contaminant degradation rates under realistic environmental conditions.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2012.11.010","usgsCitation":"Hatzinger, P.B., Bohlke, J., and Sturchio, N.C., 2013, Application of stable isotope ratio analysis for biodegradation monitoring in groundwater: Current Opinion in Biotechnology, v. 24, no. 3, p. 542-549, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2012.11.010.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"542","endPage":"549","ipdsId":"IP-041870","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340176,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ff0ea7e4b006455f2d61f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatzinger, Paul B.","contributorId":149376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatzinger","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17721,"text":"Shaw Environmental, Princeton, NJ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":692599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sturchio, Neil C.","contributorId":88188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sturchio","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189351,"text":"70189351 - 2013 - Inorganic carbon loading as a primary driver of dissolved carbon dioxide concentrations in the lakes and reservoirs of the contiguous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-11T15:54:09","indexId":"70189351","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inorganic carbon loading as a primary driver of dissolved carbon dioxide concentrations in the lakes and reservoirs of the contiguous United States","docAbstract":"

Accurate quantification of CO2 flux across the air-water interface and identification of the mechanisms driving CO2 concentrations in lakes and reservoirs is critical to integrating aquatic systems into large-scale carbon budgets, and to predicting the response of these systems to changes in climate or terrestrial carbon cycling. Large-scale estimates of the role of lakes and reservoirs in the carbon cycle, however, typically must rely on aggregation of spatially and temporally inconsistent data from disparate sources. We performed a spatially comprehensive analysis of CO2 concentration and air-water fluxes in lakes and reservoirs of the contiguous United States using large, consistent data sets, and modeled the relative contribution of inorganic and organic carbon loading to vertical CO2 fluxes. Approximately 70% of lakes and reservoirs are supersaturated with respect to the atmosphere during the summer (June–September). Although there is considerable interregional and intraregional variability, lakes and reservoirs represent a net source of CO2 to the atmosphere of approximately 40 Gg C d–1 during the summer. While in-lake CO2 concentrations correlate with indicators of in-lake net ecosystem productivity, virtually no relationship exists between dissolved organic carbon and pCO2,aq. Modeling suggests that hydrologic dissolved inorganic carbon supports pCO2,aq in most supersaturated systems (to the extent that 12% of supersaturated systems simultaneously exhibit positive net ecosystem productivity), and also supports primary production in most CO2-undersaturated systems. Dissolved inorganic carbon loading appears to be an important determinant of CO2concentrations and fluxes across the air-water interface in the majority of lakes and reservoirs in the contiguous United States.

","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/gbc.20032","usgsCitation":"McDonald, C.P., Stets, E.G., Striegl, R.G., and Butman, D., 2013, Inorganic carbon loading as a primary driver of dissolved carbon dioxide concentrations in the lakes and reservoirs of the contiguous United States: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 27, no. 2, p. 285-295, https://doi.org/10.1002/gbc.20032.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"285","endPage":"295","ipdsId":"IP-038087","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473803,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gbc.20032","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343605,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"27","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5965b868e4b0d1f9f05b3894","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDonald, Cory P. 0000-0002-1208-8471 cmcdonald@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1208-8471","contributorId":4238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Cory","email":"cmcdonald@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stets, Edward G. 0000-0001-5375-0196 estets@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5375-0196","contributorId":194490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stets","given":"Edward","email":"estets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Butman, David 0000-0003-3520-7426 dbutman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3520-7426","contributorId":174187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"David","email":"dbutman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70043261,"text":"70043261 - 2013 - Greater sage-grouse winter habitat use on the eastern edge of their range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-01T15:49:08","indexId":"70043261","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Greater sage-grouse winter habitat use on the eastern edge of their range","docAbstract":"Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) at the western edge of the Dakotas occur in the transition zone between sagebrush and grassland communities. These mixed sagebrush (Artemisia sp.) and grasslands differ from those habitats that comprise the central portions of the sage-grouse range; yet, no information is available on winter habitat selection within this region of their distribution. We evaluated factors influencing greater sage-grouse winter habitat use in North Dakota during 2005–2006 and 2006–2007 and in South Dakota during 2006–2007 and 2007–2008. We captured and radio-marked 97 breeding-age females and 54 breeding-age males from 2005 to 2007 and quantified habitat selection for 98 of these birds that were alive during winter. We collected habitat measurements at 340 (177 ND, 163 SD) sage-grouse use sites and 680 random (340 each at 250 m and 500 m from locations) dependent sites. Use sites differed from random sites with greater percent sagebrush cover (14.75% use vs. 7.29% random; P < 0.001), percent total vegetation cover (36.76% use vs. 32.96% random; P ≤ 0.001), and sagebrush density (2.12 plants/m2 use vs. 0.94 plants/m2 random; P ≤ 0.001), but lesser percent grass cover (11.76% use vs. 16.01% random; P ≤ 0.001) and litter cover (4.34% use vs. 5.55% random; P = 0.001) and lower sagebrush height (20.02 cm use vs. 21.35 cm random; P = 0.13) and grass height (21.47 cm use vs. 23.21 cm random; P = 0.15). We used conditional logistic regression to estimate winter habitat selection by sage-grouse on continuous scales. The model sagebrush cover + sagebrush height + sagebrush cover × sagebrush height (wi = 0.60) was the most supported of the 13 models we considered, indicating that percent sagebrush cover strongly influenced selection. Logistic odds ratios indicated that the probability of selection by sage-grouse increased by 1.867 for every 1% increase in sagebrush cover (95% CI = 1.627–2.141) and by 1.041 for every 1 cm increase in sagebrush height (95% CI = 1.002–1.082). The interaction between percent sagebrush canopy cover and sagebrush height (β = −0.01, SE ≤ 0.01; odds ratio = 0.987 [95% CI = 0.983–0.992]) also was significant. Management could focus on avoiding additional loss of sagebrush habitat, identifying areas of critical winter habitat, and implementing management actions based on causal mechanisms (e.g., soil moisture, precipitation) that affect sagebrush community structure in this region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.484","usgsCitation":"Swanson, C., Rumble, M.A., Grovenburg, T.W., Kaczor, N., Klaver, R.W., Herman-Brunson, K.M., Jenks, J., and Jensen, K.C., 2013, Greater sage-grouse winter habitat use on the eastern edge of their range: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 77, no. 3, p. 486-494, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.484.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"486","endPage":"494","ipdsId":"IP-031542","costCenters":[{"id":350,"text":"Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473798,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/nrem_pubs/211","text":"External Repository"},{"id":273068,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273067,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.484"}],"volume":"77","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51ab09e7e4b038e354702134","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, Christopher C.","contributorId":58505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Christopher C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rumble, Mark A.","contributorId":84615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rumble","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grovenburg, Troy W.","contributorId":57712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grovenburg","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kaczor, Nicholas W.","contributorId":43217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaczor","given":"Nicholas W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Klaver, Robert W. 0000-0002-3263-9701 bklaver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":3285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"Robert","email":"bklaver@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Herman-Brunson, Katie M.","contributorId":66109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman-Brunson","given":"Katie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jenks, Jonathan A.","contributorId":51591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenks","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jensen, Kent C.","contributorId":66530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"Kent","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16687,"text":"Department of Natural Resource Management, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":473256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70046219,"text":"sir20125218 - 2013 - Prioritization of constituents for national- and regional-scale ambient monitoring of water and sediment in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-14T11:18:14","indexId":"sir20125218","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5218","title":"Prioritization of constituents for national- and regional-scale ambient monitoring of water and sediment in the United States","docAbstract":"A total of 2,541 constituents were evaluated and prioritized for national- and regional-scale ambient monitoring of water and sediment in the United States. This prioritization was done by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in preparation for the upcoming third decade (Cycle 3; 2013–23) of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. This report provides the methods used to prioritize the constituents and the results of that prioritization.\n\nConstituents were prioritized by the NAWQA National Target Analyte Strategy (NTAS) work group on the basis of available information on physical and chemical properties, observed or predicted environmental occurrence and fate, and observed or anticipated adverse effects on human health or aquatic life. Constituents were evaluated within constituent groups that were determined on the basis of physical or chemical properties or on uses or sources. Some constituents were evaluated within more than one constituent group. Although comparable objectives were used in the prioritization of constituents within the different constituent groups, differences in the availability of information accessed for each constituent group led to the development of separate prioritization approaches adapted to each constituent group to make best use of available resources. Constituents were assigned to one of three prioritization tiers: Tier 1, those having the highest priority for inclusion in ambient monitoring of water or sediment on a national or regional scale (including NAWQA Cycle 3 monitoring) on the basis of their likelihood of environmental occurrence in ambient water or sediment, or likelihood of effects on human health or aquatic life; Tier 2, those having intermediate priority for monitoring on the basis of their lower likelihood of environmental occurrence or lower likelihood of effects on human health or aquatic life; and Tier 3, those having low or no priority for monitoring on the basis of evidence of nonoccurrence or lack of effects on human health or aquatic life, or of having insufficient evidence of potential occurrence or effects to justify placement into Tier 2.\n\nOf the 1,081 constituents determined to be of highest priority for ambient monitoring (Tier 1), 602 were identified for water and 686 were identified for sediment (note that some constituents were evaluated for both water and sediment). These constituents included various types of organic compounds, trace elements and other inorganic constituents, and radionuclides. Some of these constituents are difficult to analyze, whereas others are mixtures, isomers, congeners, salts, and acids of other constituents; therefore, modifications to the list of high-priority constituents for ambient monitoring could be made on the basis of the availability of suitable methods for preparation, extraction, or analysis. An additional 1,460 constituents were placed into Tiers 2 or 3 for water or sediment, including some constituents that had been placed into Tier 1 for a different matrix; 436 constituents were placed into Tier 2 for water and 246 constituents into Tier 2 for sediment; 979 constituents were placed into Tier 3 for water and 779 constituents into Tier 3 for sediment.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125218","usgsCitation":"Olsen, L., Valder, J., Carter, J.M., and Zogorski, J.S., 2013, Prioritization of constituents for national- and regional-scale ambient monitoring of water and sediment in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5218, xvi, 203 p.; Downloads Directory; NTAS Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125218.","productDescription":"xvi, 203 p.; Downloads Directory; NTAS Database","numberOfPages":"224","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-029264","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273054,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20125218.gif"},{"id":273052,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5218/downloads/"},{"id":273050,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5218/"},{"id":273051,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5218/downloads/sir12-5218.pdf"},{"id":273053,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5218/downloads/NTASdatabase.xlsx"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 173.0,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,16.916667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51ab09e8e4b038e35470213c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olsen, Lisa D. ldolsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Lisa D.","email":"ldolsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Valder, Joshua F. 0000-0003-3733-8868 jvalder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3733-8868","contributorId":1431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valder","given":"Joshua F.","email":"jvalder@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carter, Janet M. 0000-0002-6376-3473 jmcarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6376-3473","contributorId":339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Janet","email":"jmcarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zogorski, John S. jszogors@usgs.gov","contributorId":189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zogorski","given":"John","email":"jszogors@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":479201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70046062,"text":"70046062 - 2013 - Reevaluation of lake trout and lake whitefish bioenergetics models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-25T15:11:50","indexId":"70046062","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reevaluation of lake trout and lake whitefish bioenergetics models","docAbstract":"Using a corrected algorithm for balancing the energy budget, we reevaluated the Wisconsin bioenergetics model for lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in the laboratory and for lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) in the laboratory and in the field. For lake trout, results showed that the bioenergetics model slightly overestimated food consumption by the lake trout when they were fed low and intermediate rations, whereas the model predicted food consumption by lake trout fed ad libitum without any detectable bias. The slight bias in model predictions for lake trout on restricted rations may have been an artifact of the feeding schedule for these fish, and we would therefore recommend application of the Wisconsin lake trout bioenergetics model to lake trout populations in the field without any revisions to the model. Use of the Wisconsin bioenergetics model for coregonids resulted in overestimation of food consumption by lake whitefish both in the laboratory and in the field by between 20 and 30%, on average. This overestimation of food consumption was most likely due to overestimation of respiration rate. We therefore adjusted the respiration component of the bioenergetics model to obtain a good fit to the observed consumption in our laboratory tanks. The adjusted model predicted the consumption in the laboratory and the field without any detectable bias. Until a detailed lake whitefish respiration study can be conducted, we recommend application of our adjusted version of the Wisconsin generalized coregonid bioenergetics model to lake whitefish populations in the field.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2013.03.011","usgsCitation":"Madenjian, C.P., Pothoven, S.A., and Kao, Y., 2013, Reevaluation of lake trout and lake whitefish bioenergetics models: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 39, no. 2, p. 358-364, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2013.03.011.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"358","endPage":"364","ipdsId":"IP-044900","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":274198,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274194,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2013.03.011"}],"country":"United States","volume":"39","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51cabbe4e4b0d298e5434c6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pothoven, Steve A.","contributorId":84716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pothoven","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kao, Yu-Chun","contributorId":35626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kao","given":"Yu-Chun","affiliations":[{"id":6649,"text":"University of Michigan, School of Natural Resources and Environment","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":478793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70046201,"text":"sir20135115 - 2013 - Recharge sources and residence times of groundwater as determined by geochemical tracers in the Mayfield Area, southwestern Idaho, 2011–12","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-30T15:09:50","indexId":"sir20135115","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5115","title":"Recharge sources and residence times of groundwater as determined by geochemical tracers in the Mayfield Area, southwestern Idaho, 2011–12","docAbstract":"Parties proposing residential development in the area of Mayfield, Idaho are seeking a sustainable groundwater supply. During 2011–12, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Idaho Department of Water Resources, used geochemical tracers in the Mayfield area to evaluate sources of aquifer recharge and differences in groundwater residence time. Fourteen groundwater wells and one surface-water site were sampled for major ion chemistry, metals, stable isotopes, and age tracers; data collected from this study were used to evaluate the sources of groundwater recharge and groundwater residence times in the area. Major ion chemistry varied along a flow path between deeper wells, suggesting an upgradient source of dilute water, and a downgradient source of more concentrated water with the geochemical signature of the Idaho Batholith. Samples from shallow wells had elevated nutrient concentrations, a more positive oxygen-18 signature, and younger carbon-14 dates than deep wells, suggesting that recharge comes from young precipitation and surface-water infiltration. Samples from deep wells generally had higher concentrations of metals typical of geothermal waters, a more negative oxygen-18 signature, and older carbon-14 values than samples from shallow wells, suggesting that recharge comes from both infiltration of meteoric water and another source. The chemistry of groundwater sampled from deep wells is somewhat similar to the chemistry in geothermal waters, suggesting that geothermal water may be a source of recharge to this aquifer. Results of NETPATH mixing models suggest that geothermal water composes 1–23 percent of water in deep wells. Chlorofluorocarbons were detected in every sample, which indicates that all groundwater samples contain at least a component of young recharge, and that groundwater is derived from multiple recharge sources. Conclusions from this study can be used to further refine conceptual hydrological models of the area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135115","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Idaho Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Hopkins, C.B., 2013, Recharge sources and residence times of groundwater as determined by geochemical tracers in the Mayfield Area, southwestern Idaho, 2011–12: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5115, vi, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135115.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273032,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135115.jpg"},{"id":273031,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5115/pdf/sir20135115.pdf"},{"id":273030,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5115/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Mayfield Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.50,43.15 ], [ -116.50,43.30 ], [ -115,43.30 ], [ -115,43.15 ], [ -116.50,43.15 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a866d9e4b082d85d5ed87b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hopkins, Candice B. 0000-0003-3207-7267 chopkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3207-7267","contributorId":1379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"Candice","email":"chopkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}