No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr4957","usgsCitation":"Brashears, M., 1949, Hydrologic data for pumping test at Levittown, New York, September 16-17, 1949: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 49-57, Report: 2 p., 2 Plates: 8.04 x 6.83 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr4957.","productDescription":"Report: 2 p., 2 Plates: 8.04 x 6.83 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":375645,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0057/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":375644,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0057/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":375643,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0057/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":178029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0057/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Jr.","contributorId":23212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brashears","given":"M.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":4337,"text":"cir46 - 1949 - Interpreting ground conditions from geologic maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-09T13:01:49","indexId":"cir46","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"46","title":"Interpreting ground conditions from geologic maps","docAbstract":"Intelligent planning for heavy construction, water supply, or other land utilization requires advance knowledge of ground conditions in the area. It is essential to know:
These elements usually are considered in planning land developments that involve much investment; detailed surveys generally are made of the topography, geology, soils, and hydrology at the site selected for development. Such detailed surveys are essential, but equally essential and often overlooked is the need for general surveys prior to site selection.
Only if the general surveys have been made is it possible to know that a particular site is most suitable for the purpose and that no situations in the tributary areas that might affect the project have been overlooked. Moreover, the general regional relations must be known in order to properly interpret the geology, soils, and hydrology at a particular locality. In brief, both the general and the specific are needed in order to avoid costly mistakes either during or after development.
The accompanying maps illustrate how a general geologic map can be used for interpreting grc .d conditions during a planning stage prior to site selection. The topographic and geologic maps, which provide the basic data, have been simplified from some existing ones. The interpretive sheets are intended to provide some examples of the kinds of information that trained persons can read from such basic maps.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/cir46","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1949, Interpreting ground conditions from geologic maps: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 46, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir46.","productDescription":"14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117674,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1949/0046/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31447,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1949/0046/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d9e4b07f02db5dfeb5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3312,"text":"cir20 - 1949 - Progress report on the geology and ground-water hydrology of the lower Platte River Valley, Nebraska, with a section on the chemical quality of the ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-09T12:56:23","indexId":"cir20","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"20","title":"Progress report on the geology and ground-water hydrology of the lower Platte River Valley, Nebraska, with a section on the chemical quality of the ground water","docAbstract":"The occurrence of abundant ground-water supplies in the lower Platte River Valley has made possible the present agricultural and industrial economy of the area. Likewise, the future development of the area is dependent on the wise use of this important resource. The current investigation, on which this report is based, is a necessary step in the planning for the greatest ultimate utilization of the water resources in the lower Platte River Valley.
The area covered by this study is the floor of the lower Platte River Valley between North Platte and Fremont and embraces about 2,500 square miles. The entire valley floor is underlain by unconsolidated Pleistocene sediments which consist of clay, silt, sand and gravel and range in thickness from less than 20 feet to nearly 200 feet. Westward from Cozad these sediments were deposited in a valley entrenched in bedrock, but east of Cozad they are continuous with similar deposits which underlie the adjacent uplands. Bedrock formations of Tertiary age are in contact with the basal Pleistocene sediments from the west end of the area to about Central City. From Central City eastward, formations of Cretaceous age immediately underlie the Pleistocene deposits.
The Pleistocene sediments and underlying pervious formations are water saturated below depths which range from less than 1 foot to about 90 feet below the surface. In general, the configuration of the water table is similar to the topography of the land surface, but the relief on the water table is considerably less by comparison. Movement of ground water is either toward the river or parallel to it. Based on present information, movement of ground water out of the valley is not indicated but additional water-level control is needed south of the valley between Grand Island and Columbus to determine the possibility of ground-water loss in this stretch of the valley.
Periodic observations of water-table fluctuations have constituted an important phase of ground-water studies in the lower Platte River Valley. Examination of water-level data collected by the Geological Survey in cooperation with the Conservation and Survey Division of the University of Nebraska indicates that water levels throughout most of the valley between Gothenburg and Grand Island declined during the 9-year period, December 1930 to December 1939. The maximum net declines observed during this period were a little greater than 4 feet. During the period December 1939 to December 1946, water levels recovered throughout much of the same area; in local areas on the south side of the Platte River between North Platte and Overton water levels rose in excess of 10 feet as a result of seepage losses tram canals and irrigated lands. However, north of Wood River in western Hall County water levels continued to decline to the extent that in at least 3 observation wells water levels in December 1946 were more than 5 feet lower than in December 1930.
Water levels were measured monthly in 1946 and bimonthly in 1947 in observation wells located throughout the area covered by this report. During this period water levels fluctuated through a range of about 3 feet, the lowest levels being reached in September 1946 and the highest levels being reached in July 1947. Average fluctuations between successive measurements were a little less than 0.4 foot. The amount of ground-water discharge in the summer months of 1947 was approximately double that of the previous summer. However, replenishment to groundwater storage during the fall of 1946 and the spring of 1947 was sufficiently great that the amount of water in storage in the valley as a whole at the end of the 2-year period was essentially equal to the amount in storage at the beginning of the period. At the end of 1947 the Dawson and Buffalo County areas showed gains to storage whereas the remainder of the valley suffered vary slight losses during the same 2 years.
The quantity of ground water that a water-bearing material will yield is dependent upon the hydrologic properties of the material. Two hydrologic properties of greatest importance are permeability and specific yield. During the course of the present investigation 5 pumping tests were conducted to determine the coefficients of permeability and storage of the Pleistocene deposits. The values of the former range from 955 to 4,925 and the latter tram 0.007. to 0.236 attar 24 hours of pumping.
The mineral character of the ground water has been determined from analyses of samples, of which 15 represented municipal supplies and 3 were irrigation waters. Ground waters analyzed for this report contained variable amounts of dissolved solids ranging from 240 to 1,060 parts per million, with hardness values above limits considered desirable tor public supplies. The increased concentration of dissolved solids for ground waters in the western part of the valley as a result of return flow conditions, is noted. Ground waters in the valley are discussed as to suitability for municipal and irrigation uses, and analyses of samples do not reveal any serious condition that would adversely affect the use of these waters for the purposes intended. As irrigation increases, periodic chemical analyses of ground waters in this area will be required to evaluate the effects of the re-use of drainage waters and to provide information for salinity control.
Ground-water supplies are drawn upon extensively for irrigation purposes, for municipal supplies, and for rural, domestic and stock supplies. Nearly 4,000 irrigation wells are known to exist in the area, the greatest concentrations of these being in Dawson, Buffalo, and Hall Counties.
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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604850","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knox, C. E.","contributorId":91835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knox","given":"C. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soule, R. M.","contributorId":68289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soule","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":3718,"text":"cir54 - 1949 - Geology and ground-water hydrology of the Angostura irrigation project, South Dakota, with a section on the mineral quality of the waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-04T13:27:41","indexId":"cir54","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"54","title":"Geology and ground-water hydrology of the Angostura irrigation project, South Dakota, with a section on the mineral quality of the waters","docAbstract":"The lands to be irrigated from water stored in the Angostura Reservoir are situated on the lover of two terraces along the southeast side of the Cheyenne River in northeastern Fall River County and on the terrace known as Harrison Plat in southeastern Custer County, S. Dak. The terrace deposits are composed of relatively permeable sands and gravels that rest on a shale bedrock platform. The terrace surfaces are mantled in part by slope wash derived from higher shale slopes and by wind-blown sand. Ground water occurs under water-table conditions in the river alluvium and in terraces above the river. Although the zone of saturation in the terrace deposits is 6enerally thin, it is essentially continuous in the area southeast of the river, and the water issues as springs in the terrace faces along the inner valley of the river and along the valleys of tributary streams cuttin6 back into the terraces. A zone of saturation is present only in part of the Harrison Plat area, and it extends to the terrace face only along Cottonwood Creek. Wells in the unconsolidated mantle rock supply water for domestic and stock purposes, but yields are small. Abundant supplies of artesian water are available at depths ranging up to 3,000 feet but are not now utilized except at the extreme western end of the area where the bedrock aquifer is close below the surface. The effect of applying irrigation water on the terrace lands will depend on the character of the underlying material and on the measures taken to forestall waterlogging and other undesirable effects. Terrace areas that are mantled by slope wash will be especially susceptible to waterlogging, as will valley-bottom areas mantled by colluvium that are adjacent to irrigated terracea. Periodic measurements of water levels in observation wells will give warning of potential waterlogging in time to permit taking preventive measures. Analyses of samples of both ground water and surface water indicate a high mineral content. In general, samples from the Cheyenne River are higher in total dissolved solids and lower in percent sodium than the ground water.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir54","usgsCitation":"Littleton, R.T., and Swenson, H.A., 1949, Geology and ground-water hydrology of the Angostura irrigation project, South Dakota, with a section on the mineral quality of the waters: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 54, Report: v, 96 p.; 2 Plates: 25.96 x 1.52 inches and 26.39 x 11.83 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/cir54.","productDescription":"Report: v, 96 p.; 2 Plates: 25.96 x 1.52 inches and 26.39 x 11.83 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":30776,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1949/0054/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":30777,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1949/0054/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":30778,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1949/0054/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124472,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1949/0054/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.4307861328125,\n 43.34315755514772\n ],\n [\n -103.4307861328125,\n 43.536104967254566\n ],\n [\n -103.04008483886717,\n 43.536104967254566\n ],\n [\n -103.04008483886717,\n 43.34315755514772\n ],\n [\n -103.4307861328125,\n 43.34315755514772\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db6841fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Littleton, Robert T.","contributorId":34496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Littleton","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swenson, Herbert A.","contributorId":93461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swenson","given":"Herbert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70215507,"text":"70215507 - 1949 - Report of the Committee on Runoff, 1948–1949","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-21T17:40:29.921015","indexId":"70215507","displayToPublicDate":"1949-10-21T12:34:54","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Report of the Committee on Runoff, 1948–1949","docAbstract":"Because of the widely scattered locations of the membership, no assembled meeting of the Committee was held during the year, all discussions being held by correspondence. Consideration was given to three subjects during the year: (1) standardization of terminology as related to runoff (continued from previous year), (2) deficiencies in hydrologic research, and (3) current programs of hydrologic research.
With respect to terminology, the wide divergence of opinion among committee members with respect to the definition of terms fairly common in hydrologic literature emphasizes the need for more uniformity. Various authors use the same terms to describe slightly different runoff phenomena. The Committee, while unable to agree at this date on recommended definitions, urges writers to restrict their terminology so far as practicable to that previously used. Nothing is gained by inventing a new name for a phenomenon which has already been satisfactorily named by a previous writer. On the other hand, precise definitions are necessary to proper understanding, and loose usage of runoff terms only destroys their usefulness. Where any question as to the intended definition exists, it is preferable for the author to present his definition until better agreement as to the accepted definition has been reached.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR030i006p00911","usgsCitation":"McDonald, C.C., 1949, Report of the Committee on Runoff, 1948–1949: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 30, no. 6, p. 911-915, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR030i006p00911.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"911","endPage":"915","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379600,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDonald, C. C.","contributorId":69204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70215463,"text":"70215463 - 1949 - Report of the Committee on Groundwater, 1946–1948","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-20T20:08:14.955398","indexId":"70215463","displayToPublicDate":"1949-10-20T15:01:08","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Report of the Committee on Groundwater, 1946–1948","docAbstract":"No report of the Committee was prepared for the fiscal year 1946–1947, so the present report covers the two‐year period July 1, 1946 through June 30, 1948. Because of space limitations, fits report covers only items of research that have come to the attention of the Chairman. Reports m Hydrology and physiography of limestone terranes, by A. C. Swinnerton, and on The relation between comsumptive use of water and free‐water accretion below the root zone, by G‐ W. Musgrave, are given as Appendices A and B respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR030i004p00598-2","usgsCitation":"Lohman, S.W., 1949, Report of the Committee on Groundwater, 1946–1948: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 30, no. 4, p. 598-600, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR030i004p00598-2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"598","endPage":"600","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379561,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lohman, S. W.","contributorId":45318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohman","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":57084,"text":"ofr4884 - 1948 - Ground water in the Anadarko area [Caddo County], Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-12T19:29:36.224537","indexId":"ofr4884","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1948","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"48-84","title":"Ground water in the Anadarko area [Caddo County], Oklahoma","docAbstract":"This report offers a preliminary interpretation of the geology and ground-water hydrology of the Anadarko area, Oklahoma. L.V. Davis prepared the accompanying map from aerial photographs and furnished much of the geologic information, and records of the State Mineral Survey (WPA) were used in the preparation of the section on the Rush Springs sandstone.\r\n(available as photostat copy only)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr4884","usgsCitation":"Schoff, S., 1948, Ground water in the Anadarko area [Caddo County], Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 48-84, Report: 7 p.; 1 Plate: 8.93 x 6.17 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr4884.","productDescription":"Report: 7 p.; 1 Plate: 8.93 x 6.17 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":375575,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1948/0084/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":184134,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1948/0084/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":375574,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1948/0084/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","county":"Caddo County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-98.3181,35.5502],[-98.3187,35.5479],[-98.3193,35.5438],[-98.3193,35.5429],[-98.3142,35.5406],[-98.3119,35.5401],[-98.3085,35.541],[-98.3051,35.5437],[-98.305,35.3744],[-98.0985,35.3767],[-98.0906,34.8581],[-98.1937,34.8571],[-98.5091,34.8557],[-98.6206,34.8565],[-98.6177,35.0994],[-98.616,35.2038],[-98.6216,35.2038],[-98.6209,35.4639],[-98.6199,35.552],[-98.3181,35.5502]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Caddo\",\"state\":\"OK\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d93f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoff, Stuart L.","contributorId":104467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoff","given":"Stuart L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1060,"text":"wsp1046 - 1948 - Texas floods of 1940","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T10:32:14","indexId":"wsp1046","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1948","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1046","title":"Texas floods of 1940","docAbstract":"Floods occurred in Texas during, June, July, and November 1940 that exceeded known stages on many small streams and at a few places on the larger streams. Stages at several stream-gaging stations exceeded the maximum known at those places since the collection of daily records began. A storm, haying its axis generally on a north-south line from Cameron to Victoria and extending across the Brazos, Colorado, Lavaca, and Guadalupe River Basins, caused heavy rainfall over a large part of south-central Texas. The maximum recorded rain of 22.7 inches for the 2-day period June 29-30 occurred at Engle. Of this amount, 17.5 inches fell in the 12-hour period between 8 p.m. June 29, and 8 a.m. June 30. Light rains fell at a number of places on June 28, and additional light rains fell at many places within the area from July 1 to 4. During the period June 28 to July 4 more than 20 inches of rain fell over an area of 300 square miles, more than 15 inches over 1,920 square miles, and more than 10 inches over 5,100 square miles. The average annual rainfall for the area experiencing the heaviest rainfall during this storm is about 35 inches. Farming is largely confined to the fertile flood plains in much of the area subjected to the record-breaking floods in June and July. Therefore these floods, coming at the height of the growing season, caused severe losses to crops. Much damage was done also to highways and railways. The city of Hallettsville suffered the greatest damage of any urban area. The Lavaca River at that place reached a stage 8 feet higher than ever known before, drowned several people, destroyed many homes, and submerged almost the entire business district. The maximum discharge there was 93,100 second-feet from a drainage area of 101 square miles. Dry Creek near Smithville produced a maximum discharge of 1,879 second-feet from an area of 1.48 square miles and a runoff of 11.3 inches in a 2-day period from a rainfall of 19.5 inches. The area in the Colorado River Basin between Smithville and La Grange, amounting to 550 square miles, had an average rainfall of 19.3 inches, of which 11.5 inches appeared as runoff. The maximum discharge at La Grange was 182,000 second-feet, with much the greater part coming from below Smithville. This is probably a record-breaking flood for the area between Smithville and La Grange, but stages as much as 16 feet higher have occurred at La Grange. Heavy rainfall over the east half of Texas November 21-26 caused large floods in all streams in Texas east of the Guadalupe River. The maximum recorded rainfall for the 2-day period November 24-25 was 20.46 inches at Hempstead, of which 16.00 inches fell in 24 hours or less. The storm occurred during the period November 20-26, with the greater part of the rain falling November 23-25. During the period November 20-26, rainfall in Texas amounted to more than 15 inches over an area of 3,380 square miles, and 'to more than 10 inches over an area of 17,570 square miles. The average annual rainfall for the area in Texas experiencing more than 10 inches of rain during this storm ranges from 501 inches on the east border of the State to 35 inches near the west edge of the area. The study of this storm for the purposes of this report is limited to the San Jacinto River Basin, which had an average rainfall of 13.6 inches. This basin has an area of 2,791 square miles above the gaging station near Huffman and is typical in topographic and hydrologic features of much of eastern Texas. The stage reached at the gage near Huffman was about 1 foot higher than known before, the maximum discharge was 253,000 second-feet, and the runoff from the storm amounted to 8.8 inches. The November flood came after crops had been harvested, and its damage was mainly the destruction of highways and railways and the drowning of livestock. The storage reservoirs on the Colorado River located well upstream from the storm areas herein studied had very little effect on
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1046","usgsCitation":"Breeding, S., 1948, Texas floods of 1940: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1046, iv, 91 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1046.","productDescription":"iv, 91 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":138085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1046/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":25735,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1046/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":246967,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1046/plate-5.pdf","size":"2899","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":246968,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1046/plate-6.pdf","size":"2988","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db68374f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breeding, Seth D.","contributorId":89505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breeding","given":"Seth D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3313,"text":"cir19 - 1948 - Progress report on the ground-water hydrology of the Republican and Frenchman River valleys, with a section on the chemical quality of the ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-24T18:31:40.497734","indexId":"cir19","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1948","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"19","title":"Progress report on the ground-water hydrology of the Republican and Frenchman River valleys, with a section on the chemical quality of the ground water","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir19","usgsCitation":"Waite, H.A., and Swenson, H.A., 1948, Progress report on the ground-water hydrology of the Republican and Frenchman River valleys, with a section on the chemical quality of the ground water: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 19, Report: iii, 83 p.; 1 Plate: 33.82 x 14.93 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/cir19.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 83 p.; 1 Plate: 33.82 x 14.93 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":492844,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118695.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":117892,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1948/0019/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30317,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1948/0019/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":30318,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1948/0019/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Republican and Frenchman River valleys","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.05,\n 40.6\n ],\n [\n -102.05,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -98,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -98,\n 40.6\n ],\n [\n -102.05,\n 40.6\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65dd2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, Herbert A.","contributorId":40973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"Herbert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swenson, Herbert A.","contributorId":93461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swenson","given":"Herbert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70215687,"text":"70215687 - 1948 - Report of the Research Committee on Runoff, 1947–1948","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-06T15:16:50.678326","indexId":"70215687","displayToPublicDate":"1948-10-27T13:25:04","publicationYear":"1948","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Report of the Research Committee on Runoff, 1947–1948","docAbstract":"Since 1946, the Committee has given consideration to terminology as related to the field of runoff. As the science of hydrology develops, there is increasing need for a more definite and uniform terminology in order to promote use of more precise language in technical literature. While it may not be possible or desirable at this time to standardize completely, it appears entirely possible to standardize many of the terms in common usage. This Committee has begun a compilation of letter symbols and terms related to runoff.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR029i006p00923","usgsCitation":"McDonald, C.C., 1948, Report of the Research Committee on Runoff, 1947–1948: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 29, no. 6, p. 923-926, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR029i006p00923.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"923","endPage":"926","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379825,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDonald, C. C.","contributorId":69204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70215685,"text":"70215685 - 1948 - Report of Committee on Ground Water, 1945–1946","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-17T14:36:25.886627","indexId":"70215685","displayToPublicDate":"1948-10-27T13:19:47","publicationYear":"1948","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Report of Committee on Ground Water, 1945–1946","docAbstract":"The principal activity of the Committee during the year was the arranging and presentation of a symposium on methods of estimating ground‐water supplies. The response was gratifying and resulted in the presentation of 11 interesting papers at the 1946 meeting. The report of the Subcommittee on Permeability by C. E. Jacob, Chairman, is given as Appendix A. At a meeting of the Executive Committee of the Section of Hydrology in June 1946, this Subcommittee of the Committee on Ground Water was changed to the Committee on Permeability of the Section of Hydrology, with Jacob continuing as Chairman. This will give the new Committee much greater latitude in dealing with a subject which is of concern to several of the Research Committees.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR029i001p00117","usgsCitation":"Lohman, S.W., 1948, Report of Committee on Ground Water, 1945–1946: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 29, no. 1, p. 117-123, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR029i001p00117.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"123","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379876,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lohman, S. W.","contributorId":45318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohman","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70215684,"text":"70215684 - 1948 - Development of limestone reservoirs in Comal County, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-28T12:00:02.648533","indexId":"70215684","displayToPublicDate":"1948-10-27T13:13:15","publicationYear":"1948","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of limestone reservoirs in Comal County, Texas","docAbstract":"The Edwards limestone, and to a lesser extent the Comanche Peak limestone and the lower part of the Glen Rose limestone below, all of Lower Cretaceous age, form one of the most extensive ground‐water reservoirs in Texas. As a result of normal faulting, these formations are connected by underground channels to form a hydrologic unit which is partly artesian and partly unconfined. Observations in Comal County show that the development of the reservoir by solution is closely related to the geologic history, in which complex faulting and the disconformity between the Edwards and Georgetown limestones are important factors. Various phases of development are shown in different fault blocks, depending upon length of exposure at the surface. The Edwards limestone, which contains the main channels of underground drainage, is almost uniformly permeable from top to bottom, whereas the older, but more recently exposed lower part of the Glen Rose limestone is generally relatively impermeable except where exposed by mature streams.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR029i004p00503","usgsCitation":"George, W., 1948, Development of limestone reservoirs in Comal County, Texas: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 29, no. 4, p. 503-510, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR029i004p00503.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"503","endPage":"510","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379823,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Comal County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-98.2986,30.0395],[-98.1102,29.9036],[-98.0389,29.8493],[-97.9996,29.7537],[-98.0895,29.6857],[-98.2045,29.6363],[-98.3124,29.5973],[-98.3149,29.6014],[-98.3191,29.6033],[-98.3279,29.6053],[-98.3295,29.6058],[-98.3305,29.6086],[-98.3341,29.6109],[-98.3383,29.6128],[-98.3419,29.6147],[-98.3445,29.6175],[-98.3439,29.623],[-98.3432,29.6303],[-98.3452,29.6345],[-98.3478,29.6381],[-98.3498,29.6423],[-98.3492,29.645],[-98.3475,29.6496],[-98.3464,29.6523],[-98.3479,29.6551],[-98.3516,29.657],[-98.3589,29.6589],[-98.361,29.6603],[-98.3625,29.6631],[-98.364,29.6645],[-98.3677,29.6659],[-98.3724,29.6656],[-98.3772,29.6638],[-98.3793,29.6643],[-98.3803,29.6657],[-98.3833,29.6721],[-98.3842,29.6786],[-98.3826,29.6822],[-98.3794,29.6849],[-98.3783,29.689],[-98.3787,29.6913],[-98.3813,29.6945],[-98.3828,29.6973],[-98.3828,29.7001],[-98.3806,29.7028],[-98.3779,29.7046],[-98.3722,29.705],[-98.3601,29.7048],[-98.3543,29.7047],[-98.3511,29.7051],[-98.3458,29.7101],[-98.3425,29.715],[-98.3419,29.7192],[-98.3424,29.7228],[-98.3449,29.7265],[-98.3527,29.7308],[-98.3559,29.7317],[-98.3606,29.7318],[-98.3638,29.7282],[-98.3676,29.7237],[-98.3734,29.7215],[-98.376,29.7215],[-98.377,29.7261],[-98.3779,29.7316],[-98.3795,29.7348],[-98.3889,29.7345],[-98.3941,29.736],[-98.3978,29.737],[-98.3988,29.7397],[-98.4014,29.7439],[-98.4045,29.7467],[-98.4081,29.7476],[-98.4134,29.7468],[-98.4182,29.7446],[-98.4203,29.7419],[-98.4219,29.7391],[-98.4226,29.7341],[-98.4216,29.73],[-98.4216,29.729],[-98.4253,29.7277],[-98.4279,29.7278],[-98.4296,29.726],[-98.4301,29.7241],[-98.4291,29.7218],[-98.4291,29.7195],[-98.4318,29.7182],[-98.4371,29.7178],[-98.4402,29.7188],[-98.4428,29.7188],[-98.4449,29.7202],[-98.4459,29.723],[-98.4458,29.7276],[-98.4452,29.7326],[-98.4462,29.734],[-98.4499,29.7345],[-98.4546,29.7327],[-98.4588,29.7337],[-98.463,29.7361],[-98.4661,29.7379],[-98.4719,29.7376],[-98.4772,29.7353],[-98.4851,29.735],[-98.5008,29.738],[-98.5086,29.7413],[-98.5122,29.7436],[-98.5143,29.7446],[-98.5196,29.7455],[-98.5238,29.7456],[-98.5254,29.7447],[-98.529,29.7452],[-98.5332,29.7485],[-98.5357,29.7526],[-98.5399,29.7541],[-98.5441,29.7527],[-98.5473,29.7528],[-98.5499,29.7547],[-98.5493,29.756],[-98.5488,29.7565],[-98.5488,29.7592],[-98.5498,29.7602],[-98.5524,29.7606],[-98.5535,29.7602],[-98.5545,29.7588],[-98.5562,29.7566],[-98.5572,29.7557],[-98.5604,29.7534],[-98.5662,29.7526],[-98.5741,29.7504],[-98.5783,29.7495],[-98.5805,29.7473],[-98.5816,29.7445],[-98.5837,29.7432],[-98.5874,29.7446],[-98.59,29.7469],[-98.5936,29.7488],[-98.5983,29.7489],[-98.6015,29.7494],[-98.6051,29.7499],[-98.6052,29.748],[-98.6047,29.7457],[-98.6026,29.7448],[-98.6016,29.7425],[-98.6048,29.7407],[-98.61,29.7399],[-98.6137,29.7395],[-98.6174,29.7409],[-98.6216,29.7423],[-98.6231,29.7428],[-98.6257,29.7437],[-98.6321,29.7429],[-98.6384,29.7416],[-98.6431,29.7403],[-98.6458,29.7403],[-98.6468,29.7426],[-98.6478,29.7477],[-98.4138,29.9442],[-98.2986,30.0395]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Comal\",\"state\":\"TX\"}}]}","volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"George, W.O.","contributorId":41886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"W.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70215683,"text":"70215683 - 1948 - Hydrology of limestone terrane in Schoharie County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-07T13:48:14.233831","indexId":"70215683","displayToPublicDate":"1948-10-27T13:02:34","publicationYear":"1948","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrology of limestone terrane in Schoharie County, New York","docAbstract":"During the summer of 1946 the writer studied the ground‐water resources of Schoharie County, New York, as a part of the program of ground‐water investigation being carried on in cooperation between the United States Geological Survey and the New York State Water Power and Control Commission. Because the outcrop belt of Devonian and Upper Silurian carbonate rocks is wider in Schoharie County than in other parts of the State, the effects of solution on these formations is better displayed here than elsewhere. The conditions described below probably apply on a smaller scale to the areas to the west, where the upper formations are cut out by an unconformity, and to the east in the Helderberg area, where similar effects have been described by Goldring [see “References” at end of paper, 1935]. However, it is probable that solution in the limestones in the Hudson Valley is not comparable because of the folded condition of the rocks.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR029i002p00251","usgsCitation":"Berdan, J.M., 1948, Hydrology of limestone terrane in Schoharie County, New York: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 29, no. 2, p. 251-253, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR029i002p00251.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"251","endPage":"253","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379822,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Schoharie County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-74.264,42.7981],[-74.2622,42.7963],[-74.2579,42.7949],[-74.2548,42.793],[-74.2529,42.7898],[-74.2511,42.7857],[-74.2506,42.7825],[-74.2525,42.7798],[-74.2545,42.7707],[-74.2572,42.7621],[-74.261,42.7585],[-74.266,42.7572],[-74.2729,42.7573],[-74.2848,42.7569],[-74.2941,42.7566],[-74.2998,42.7552],[-74.3035,42.7535],[-74.3042,42.7521],[-74.3067,42.7485],[-74.2779,42.7196],[-74.2711,42.7195],[-74.2687,42.714],[-74.2424,42.7174],[-74.2393,42.7178],[-74.2026,42.7107],[-74.1838,42.7123],[-74.1773,42.73],[-74.1619,42.7166],[-74.168,42.6912],[-74.1684,42.674],[-74.1697,42.6672],[-74.1718,42.6595],[-74.1757,42.6499],[-74.1833,42.64],[-74.1878,42.6342],[-74.1903,42.6324],[-74.1949,42.6201],[-74.1963,42.6165],[-74.2197,42.5927],[-74.2198,42.5899],[-74.2218,42.5845],[-74.2237,42.5813],[-74.23,42.5764],[-74.2338,42.5737],[-74.2357,42.5705],[-74.2392,42.5488],[-74.2321,42.5323],[-74.2298,42.521],[-74.2263,42.5046],[-74.227,42.5014],[-74.2354,42.4837],[-74.2425,42.4688],[-74.2457,42.4648],[-74.2509,42.4516],[-74.2652,42.4177],[-74.2636,42.4063],[-74.253,42.4071],[-74.246,42.3839],[-74.246,42.3816],[-74.2472,42.3807],[-74.2497,42.3807],[-74.2547,42.3812],[-74.2591,42.3795],[-74.2666,42.3732],[-74.2748,42.3673],[-74.2804,42.3647],[-74.2861,42.3629],[-74.2954,42.363],[-74.2997,42.363],[-74.306,42.3599],[-74.3078,42.359],[-74.3141,42.3595],[-74.3227,42.3605],[-74.3314,42.3601],[-74.3389,42.3602],[-74.3426,42.3584],[-74.3469,42.3594],[-74.3513,42.3617],[-74.358,42.3676],[-74.3617,42.3699],[-74.3685,42.3704],[-74.3778,42.3701],[-74.389,42.3697],[-74.3977,42.3675],[-74.4432,42.3547],[-74.6168,42.4219],[-74.7145,42.5175],[-74.671,42.5654],[-74.652,42.5926],[-74.6317,42.6242],[-74.6382,42.6511],[-74.6501,42.6935],[-74.6621,42.7322],[-74.6681,42.7513],[-74.668,42.764],[-74.6645,42.7917],[-74.6504,42.828],[-74.5619,42.8092],[-74.4562,42.7716],[-74.3311,42.7828],[-74.2893,42.7838],[-74.264,42.7981]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Schoharie\",\"state\":\"NY\"}}]}","volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berdan, Jean Milton","contributorId":86758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berdan","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"Milton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70215681,"text":"70215681 - 1948 - Runoff from rain and snow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-02T14:46:48.221141","indexId":"70215681","displayToPublicDate":"1948-10-27T12:31:09","publicationYear":"1948","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Runoff from rain and snow","docAbstract":"The basic principles of the idealized hydrologic cycle are reviewed with emphasis on storage and movement of water in the soil. A distinction is made between ground‐water runoff and overland runoff in terms of storage and lag, expressed as accumulated deviations from uniform flow over a period of several years. These functions are presented for the period 1920 through 1945 for three rivers in central Oregon: John Day, Deschutes, and Metolius, which exemplify minimum, moderate, and maximum effects, respectively, of storage and lag. The Metolius River is shown to have extremely small fluctuations in discharge from year to year, ascribed to a great portion of its flow being derived from ground‐water runoff; and its response to fluctuations in annual precipitation lags behind that of the John Day River by about five years. Specific techniques and measures for improving seasonal water supply forecasts are suggested.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR029i004p00511","usgsCitation":"Piper, A.M., 1948, Runoff from rain and snow: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 29, no. 4, p. 511-524, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR029i004p00511.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"511","endPage":"524","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379816,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piper, A. M.","contributorId":102865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piper","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70215680,"text":"70215680 - 1948 - Trends in runoff in the Pacific Northwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-19T22:32:03.584067","indexId":"70215680","displayToPublicDate":"1948-10-27T12:12:00","publicationYear":"1948","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends in runoff in the Pacific Northwest","docAbstract":"The diminution in runoff in the Pacific Northwest, particularly the Columbia River Basin, during the past 50 years, and its hydrologic significance are discussed in this paper. An analysis of the rainfall‐runoff relations for the Basin is made in order to explain the different influence of short‐ and long‐term precipitation factors on the diminution of runoff. The indicated effects of long‐term precipitation may reflect the influence of ground‐water storage.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR029i003p00387","usgsCitation":"McDonald, C.C., and Langbein, W.B., 1948, Trends in runoff in the Pacific Northwest: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 29, no. 3, p. 387-397, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR029i003p00387.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"387","endPage":"397","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379814,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Pacific 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\"}}]}","volume":"29","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDonald, C. C.","contributorId":69204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langbein, W. B.","contributorId":102053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langbein","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70175656,"text":"70175656 - 1947 - Methods used in estimating the groundwater supply in the Wichita, Kansas well-field area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T14:37:56","indexId":"70175656","displayToPublicDate":"1999-07-15T10:30:00","publicationYear":"1947","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methods used in estimating the groundwater supply in the Wichita, Kansas well-field area","docAbstract":"This paper presents the methods used in studying the groundwater hydrology of an area in Harvey and Sedgwick Counties, Kansas, from which the city of Wichita derives its water supply. A summary of the data available for study is presented and several hydrologic factors are evaluated. The relationship between groundwater levels and precipitation is shown, and recharge is estimated. The effect of pumping on water levels is shown graphically, and the quantity of water withdrawn from storage is estimated from several water-table contour maps. The data are analyzed and the quantity of water available for pumping is estimated.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR028i001p00120","usgsCitation":"Williams, C.C., and Lohman, S.W., 1947, Methods used in estimating the groundwater supply in the Wichita, Kansas well-field area: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 28, no. 1, p. 120-131, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR028i001p00120.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"120","endPage":"131","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326755,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58b52e4b03bcb0104bc21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Charles C.","contributorId":107367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lohman, Stanley William","contributorId":53361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohman","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":125,"text":"wsp915 - 1947 - Major winter and nonwinter floods in selected basins in New York and Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-24T19:21:15.107617","indexId":"wsp915","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1947","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"915","title":"Major winter and nonwinter floods in selected basins in New York and Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"The scientific design of flood-control works is based on an evaluation of the hydrologic factors basic to flood events, particularly how rainfall and snow runoff, soil conditions, and channel influences can combine to produce greater or lesser floods. For this purpose an analysis of the pertinent hydrologic data is needed. The methods of analysis adopted should conform as closely as possible to those already in use and must be adapted to the quality of the available information. Maximum floods in 8 basins in New York and Pennsylvania during the winter and nonwinter months were studied, a total of 21 floods. The most outstanding winter flood of record in the North Atlantic region was that of March 1936. Rainfall plus snow melt in the basins studied ranged between 3.04 and 6.87 inches, and associated volumes of direct runoff from 1.88 to 5.63 inches. Winter floods have a common characteristic in their relation to freezing temperature. The antecedent periods, representing a period of snow accumulation and frost penetration, are below freezing, and the flood itself is contemporaneous with a period of above-freezing temperatures, usually associated with rain, during which the previously accumulated snow is melted. A second common characteristic of major winter floods is their tendency to be associated with widespread causal meteorologic conditions. There was a more complete conversion of rainfall and snow melt into runoff during the winter storms studied than during the wettest nonwinter flood. Snow melt during winter floods ranged from 0.04 to 0.07 inch per degree-day above 32° F. The depth of mean areal rainfall produced by the nonwinter storms studied ranged from 3.05 to 4.96 inches. The maximum 24-hour quantity at single stations was 14 inches, which was measured during the storm of July 1935 in New York. The volume of direct runoff ranged between 1.39 and 3.41 inches. The portion of rainfall that was converted into runoff varied in accordance with the rate of antecedent base flow, expressed in second-feet per square mile, and emphasized the influence of antecedent conditions. The average volume of direct runoff during winter floods was 4.24 inches, and the average during nonwinter floods was 2.44 inches. The latter, however, were more concentrated as to time, tending to compensate for large volume of runoff in winter, so that the crest rates of direct runoff averaged 0.056 inches per hour during the winter and 0.051 inches during the nonwinter period.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp915","usgsCitation":"Langbein, W.B., 1947, Major winter and nonwinter floods in selected basins in New York and Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 915, ix, 139 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp915.","productDescription":"ix, 139 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":424716,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24687.htm","text":"Susquehanna and Delaware River basins","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"24687"},{"id":424715,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24686.htm","text":"Sacandaga River basin","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"24686"},{"id":24733,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0915/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":136415,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0915/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York, Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -78.75,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -78.75,\n 39.75\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 39.75\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 43\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.583,\n 43.681\n ],\n [\n -74.583,\n 43.229\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 43.229\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 43.681\n ],\n [\n -74.583,\n 43.681\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64980b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langbein, Walter Basil","contributorId":40581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langbein","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"Basil","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":55583,"text":"ofr4727A - 1947 - Electrochemical stabilization of clayey ground","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-09T11:15:23","indexId":"ofr4727A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1947","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"47-27","chapter":"A","title":"Electrochemical stabilization of clayey ground","docAbstract":"Recently developed new methods of stabilization of weak grounds (e.g. the silicate treatment) are based on injection of chemical solutions into the ground. Such methods are applicable accordingly only to the kinds of ground that have the coefficient of filtration higher than 2 meters per 24 hours and permit penetration of the chemical solutions under pressure. This limit, however, as it is shown by our experience in construction, excludes a numerous and an important class of grounds, stabilization of which is indispensable in many instances. For example, digging of trenches and pits in clayey, silty, or sandy ground shows that all these types act like typical \"floaters\" (sluds? -S) in the presence of the ground water pressure. There were several instances in the canalization of the city of Moskow where the laying of trenches below the ground water level has led to extreme difficulties with clayey and silty ground.
\nSimilar examples could be cited in mining, engineering hydrology, and railroad construction. For these reasons, the development of methods of stabilizing such difficult types of ground has become an urgent problem of our day.
\nIn 1936, the author began his investigations, at the ground Stabilization Laboratory of VODGEO Institute, with direct electrical current as the means of stabilization of grounds. Experiments had shown that a large number of clayey types, following passage of direct electrical current, undergoes a transformation of its physico-chemical properties. It was established that the (apparent -S) density of the ground is substantially increased in consequence of the application of direct electrical current. The ground loses also its capacity to swell and to soften in water. Later, after a more detailed study of the physico-chemical mechanism of the electrical stabilization, it became possible to develop the method so as to make it applicable to sandy and silty as well as to clayey ground. By this time (1941, S.), the method has already been tested in the field, was found satisfactory, and is being introduced into construction practice.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr4727A","usgsCitation":"Rzhanitzin, B., and Sokoloff, V., 1947, Electrochemical stabilization of clayey ground: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 47-27, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr4727A.","productDescription":"8 p.","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289624,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289623,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1947/0027-A/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606e09","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rzhanitzin, B.A.","contributorId":16921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rzhanitzin","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sokoloff, V.P. (translator)","contributorId":18773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sokoloff","given":"V.P.","suffix":"(translator)","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70214502,"text":"70214502 - 1947 - Suggestions as to future research in ground‐water hydrology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-28T17:58:50.386782","indexId":"70214502","displayToPublicDate":"1947-09-28T12:45:26","publicationYear":"1947","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Suggestions as to future research in ground‐water hydrology","docAbstract":"Determination of the ground‐water supply available from any aquifer or in any specified area requires not merely the application of specific quantitative methods but also a broad and accurate knowledge of the geologic, hydrologlc, and geochemical factors that are involved, and consideration of the economic and legal limitations. Further research is needed as to geologic texture and structure in relation to the occurrence and movement of the water; the precise nature of specific yield, which determines the effective storage capacities of the aquifers; the molecular physics involved in the downward and upward movement of water in the zone of aeration, and quantitative evaluation of ground‐water recharge and discharge; the hydraulics of ground water, as studied by pumping test methods, with special reference to boundary conditions; studies of perennial yield of aquifers of low permeability; the genesis of the mineral contents of ground water as determined through appropriate geologic, hydrologlc, and chemical studies; and methods of geophysical exploration and well logging for determining the occurrence of ground water. Serious study is also needed as to practicable methods of implementing the recently developed principles and methods of ground‐water hydrology in the production of water supplies and the economic and legal problems involved.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR028i003p00418","usgsCitation":"Meinzer, O.E., 1947, Suggestions as to future research in ground‐water hydrology: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 28, no. 3, p. 418-420, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR028i003p00418.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"418","endPage":"420","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":378818,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meinzer, O. E.","contributorId":10020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meinzer","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70214137,"text":"70214137 - 1947 - Ground-water conditions and problems in the Upper Mississippi River Embayment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-23T20:08:40.654064","indexId":"70214137","displayToPublicDate":"1947-09-23T14:57:52","publicationYear":"1947","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground-water conditions and problems in the Upper Mississippi River Embayment","docAbstract":"The Upper Mississippi River Embayment is a region of about 45,000 square miles in the Mississippi River Valley extending from the vicinity of the 34th parallel northward to the mouth of the Ohio River. It includes parts of Arkansas, Mississippi, Tennessee, Kentucky, and Missouri. In 1940 about 2,700,000 people inhabited the region.Ground water is one of the most valuable natural resources of the region. It is estimated that 95 per cent of all the water used in the Upper Embayment comes from the ground.Structurally the Embayment is a downwarped, downfaulted trough in Paleozoic rocks, in which have been deposited sediments ranging in age from Cretaceous to Recent. Very productive water-bearing formations extend throughout most of the region but the total quantity of water perennially available is unknown, and little information is available on the quality of the water.The formations comprise a natural hydraulic system underlying parts of several States, and a study of the geology and hydrology of the entire region is needed. Such a study is necessary because additional ground-water supplies will be required with the future development of the region. In order to develop the region wisely the quantity and quality of the water perennially available must be known.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologist","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.42.7.626","usgsCitation":"Schneider, R., 1947, Ground-water conditions and problems in the Upper Mississippi River Embayment: Economic Geology, v. 42, no. 7, p. 626-633, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.42.7.626.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"626","endPage":"633","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":378706,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Missouri, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi Embayment","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.46142578125,\n 33.5963189611327\n ],\n [\n -88.04443359375,\n 33.5963189611327\n ],\n [\n -88.04443359375,\n 37.31775185163688\n ],\n [\n -90.46142578125,\n 37.31775185163688\n ],\n [\n -90.46142578125,\n 33.5963189611327\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1947-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schneider, Robert","contributorId":102460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70178709,"text":"70178709 - 1946 - Ground water in Tooele Valley, Tooele County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T16:42:05","indexId":"70178709","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1946","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":294,"text":"Technical Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"4","title":"Ground water in Tooele Valley, Tooele County, Utah","docAbstract":"Tooele Valley is a typical basin of the Basin and Range Province located about 30 miles southwest of Salt Lake City. It is roughly 15 miles long and 10 miles wide and has a population of about 7,000. Bordered on the west by the Stansbury Range, on the east by the Oquirrh Range, and on the south by South Mountain, it opens northward to Great Salt Lake. The bordering mountain ranges are formed by Paleozoic rocks ranging in age from Lower Cambrian to Pennsylvanian but with the Ordovician and Silurian periods unrepresented. There is no sedimentary record of the interval between Pennsylvanian and Tertiary times, and the Tertiary, Quaternary, and Recent sediments are of continental origin. These continental deposits play the dominant role in the ground-water hydrology of the basin, and were mapped and studied in detail. Pleistocene sediments are of major importance because they form the surface rock over most of the area, and give rise to conditions which yield water by artesian flow in the lower part of the valley.
The development of the present land forms in this area began with the folding of Paleozoic and probably Mesozoic sediments during the Laramide revolution. The cycle of highland erosion and lowland deposition thus initiated has continued through recurrent uplift along Basin-Range faults to the present day. The principal physiographic subdivisions of the valley were developed as a result of the Basin-Range faulting, which began early in the Tertiary and has continued to Recent times.
There are about 1,100 wells in Tooele Valley, about 90 per cent of which yield or have yielded water by artesian flow. Most of them are located in the lower part of the valley below an altitude of 4,400 feet. These wells and many of the springs derive their water from the unconsolidated Quaternary sediments, which include discontinuous, lenticular and commonly elongated bodies of sand, clay, gravel, and boulders of alluvial origin alternating and inter-fingered with lacustrine beds of the same materials which are more regularly stratified and better assorted. The larger springs are intimately related to the bedding planes and faults in the bedrock and alluvial formations. The well assorted sands and gravels deposited along the shore lines of Lake Bonneville are important as recharge areas for the artesian reservoir.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Twenty-fifth biennial report of the State Engineer to the Governor of Utah: 1944-1946","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City","usgsCitation":"Thomas, H.E., 1946, Ground water in Tooele Valley, Tooele County, Utah: Technical Publication 4, 148 p.","productDescription":"148 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"238","numberOfPages":"148","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331485,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333875,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=50-1-369","text":"Utah State Engineer's 25th Biennial Report (larger work)"},{"id":331484,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/docSys/v920/w920/w9200083.pdf"},{"id":331483,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=20-4-100"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Tooele County","otherGeospatial":"Tooele Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.796630859375,\n 40.37584377696013\n ],\n [\n -112.796630859375,\n 40.94048973170136\n ],\n [\n -112.23907470703124,\n 40.94048973170136\n ],\n [\n -112.23907470703124,\n 40.37584377696013\n ],\n [\n -112.796630859375,\n 40.37584377696013\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58468aefe4b04fc80e5236df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, H. E.","contributorId":12829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70215037,"text":"70215037 - 1946 - Notes on determining the effective distance to a line of recharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T17:31:34.027294","indexId":"70215037","displayToPublicDate":"1946-10-06T12:13:09","publicationYear":"1946","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Notes on determining the effective distance to a line of recharge","docAbstract":"Increasing emphasis has been given in recent years to the installation of wells in sand and gravel deposits along perennial streams. Under favorable conditions water enters the aquifer from the adjacent stream so that the safe yield is not limited by recharge from local precipitation [see “References” at end of paper, Jeffords, 1946]. Some of the installations tested, however, have not been successful. At times the preliminary investigations have been inadequate, and often quantitative hydrologic techniques have been applied without adequate consideration of the existing local conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR027i006p00854","usgsCitation":"Kazmann, R., 1946, Notes on determining the effective distance to a line of recharge: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 27, no. 6, p. 854-859, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR027i006p00854.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"854","endPage":"859","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379096,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kazmann, R.G.","contributorId":242662,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kazmann","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70215034,"text":"70215034 - 1946 - Hydrology in relation to economic geology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T16:58:00.704592","indexId":"70215034","displayToPublicDate":"1946-10-06T11:54:36","publicationYear":"1946","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrology in relation to economic geology","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologist","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.41.1.1","usgsCitation":"Meinzer, O.E., 1946, Hydrology in relation to economic geology: Economic Geology, v. 41, no. 1, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.41.1.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379094,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1946-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meinzer, O. E.","contributorId":10020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meinzer","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70214998,"text":"70214998 - 1946 - Appendix A—Report of the subcommittee on permeability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-05T19:16:32.873158","indexId":"70214998","displayToPublicDate":"1946-10-05T13:58:53","publicationYear":"1946","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Appendix A—Report of the subcommittee on permeability","docAbstract":"The Subcommittee on Permeability of the Permanent Research Committee on Ground Water of the Section of Hydrology, was organized in 1943 to provide for the open discussion of the terminology relating to permeability with a view toward the elimination of conflicting usages and the clarification and standardization of acceptable terms. Confusion had arisen not only in the units of measurement but also in the notation and nomenclature of permeability. It seemed desirable to have general agreement particularly in regard to the names of the different physical parameters in common use and their symbols.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR027i002p00245","usgsCitation":"Jacob, C.E., 1946, Appendix A—Report of the subcommittee on permeability: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 27, no. 2, p. 245-256, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR027i002p00245.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"256","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379066,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacob, C. E.","contributorId":64504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacob","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}