{"pageNumber":"653","pageRowStart":"16300","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46883,"records":[{"id":70032312,"text":"70032312 - 2012 - Interlaboratory comparison of real-time pcr protocols for quantification of general fecal indicator bacteria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-03T16:57:30.859254","indexId":"70032312","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interlaboratory comparison of real-time pcr protocols for quantification of general fecal indicator bacteria","docAbstract":"<p>The application of quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) technologies for the rapid identification of fecal bacteria in environmental waters is being considered for use as a national water quality metric in the United States. The transition from research tool to a standardized protocol requires information on the reproducibility and sources of variation associated with qPCR methodology across laboratories. This study examines interlaboratory variability in the measurement of enterococci and Bacteroidales concentrations from standardized, spiked, and environmental sources of DNA using the Entero1a and GenBac3 qPCR methods, respectively. Comparisons are based on data generated from eight different research facilities. Special attention was placed on the influence of the DNA isolation step and effect of simplex and multiplex amplification approaches on interlaboratory variability. Results suggest that a crude lysate is sufficient for DNA isolation unless environmental samples contain substances that can inhibit qPCR amplification. No appreciable difference was observed between simplex and multiplex amplification approaches. Overall, interlaboratory variability levels remained low (&lt;10% coefficient of variation) regardless of qPCR protocol.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es2031455","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Shanks, O., Sivaganesan, M., Peed, L., Kelty, C., Blackwood, A., Greene, M., Noble, R., Bushon, R.N., Stelzer, E.A., Kinzelman, J., Anan'Eva, T., Sinigalliano, C., Wanless, D., Griffith, J., Cao, Y., Weisberg, S., Harwood, V., Staley, C., Oshima, K., Varma, M., and Haugland, R., 2012, Interlaboratory comparison of real-time pcr protocols for quantification of general fecal indicator bacteria: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 46, no. 2, p. 945-953, https://doi.org/10.1021/es2031455.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"945","endPage":"953","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science 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,{"id":70156874,"text":"70156874 - 2012 - Variance components estimation for continuous and discrete data, with emphasis on cross-classified sampling designs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-31T16:53:52","indexId":"70156874","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Variance components estimation for continuous and discrete data, with emphasis on cross-classified sampling designs","docAbstract":"<p><span>Variance components may play multiple roles (cf. Cox and Solomon 2003). First, magnitudes and relative magnitudes of the variances of random factors may have important scientific and management value in their own right. For example, variation in levels of invasive vegetation among and within lakes may suggest causal agents that operate at both spatial scales &ndash; a finding that may be important for scientific and management reasons. Second, variance components may also be of interest when they affect precision of means and covariate coefficients. For example, variation in the effect of water depth on the probability of aquatic plant presence in a study of multiple lakes may vary by lake. This variation will affect the precision of the average depth-presence association. Third, variance component estimates may be used when designing studies, including monitoring programs. For example, to estimate the numbers of years and of samples per year required to meet long-term monitoring goals, investigators need estimates of within and among-year variances. Other chapters in this volume (Chapters 7, 8, and 10) as well as extensive external literature outline a framework for applying estimates of variance components to the design of monitoring efforts. For example, a series of papers with an ecological monitoring theme examined the relative importance of multiple sources of variation, including variation in means among sites, years, and site-years, for the purposes of temporal trend detection and estimation (Larsen et al. 2004, and references therein).</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Design and analysis of long-term ecological monitoring studies","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","publisherLocation":"Cambridge; New York","doi":"10.1017/CBO9781139022422.013","usgsCitation":"Gray, B.R., 2012, Variance components estimation for continuous and discrete data, with emphasis on cross-classified sampling designs, chap. <i>of</i> Design and analysis of long-term ecological monitoring studies, p. 200-227, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139022422.013.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"200","endPage":"227","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307764,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560bb71ae4b058f706e53f84","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Gitzen, Robert A.","contributorId":75498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gitzen","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570915,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Millspaugh, Joshua J.","contributorId":11141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Millspaugh","given":"Joshua J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570916,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooper, Andrew B.","contributorId":112048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570917,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Licht, Daniel S.","contributorId":113213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Licht","given":"Daniel S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570918,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Gray, Brian R. 0000-0001-7682-9550 brgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-9550","contributorId":2615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Brian","email":"brgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70035463,"text":"70035463 - 2012 - GONe: Software for estimating effective population size in species with generational overlap","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-23T17:10:47.117736","indexId":"70035463","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2776,"text":"Molecular Ecology Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"GONe: Software for estimating effective population size in species with generational overlap","docAbstract":"<p>GONe is a user‐friendly, Windows‐based program for estimating effective size (N<span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><i></i></span><sub>e</sub>) in populations with overlapping generations. It uses the Jorde–Ryman modification to the temporal method to account for age structure in populations. This method requires estimates of age‐specific survival and birth rate and allele frequencies measured in two or more consecutive cohorts. Allele frequencies are acquired by reading in genotypic data from files formatted for either GENEPOP or TEMPOFS. For each interval between consecutive cohorts, Ne is estimated at each locus and over all loci. Furthermore, Ne estimates are output for three different genetic drift estimators (<i>F</i><sub><i>s</i></sub><span>,&nbsp;</span><i>F</i><sub><i>c</i></sub><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>F</i><sub><i>k</i></sub>). Confidence intervals are derived from a chi‐square distribution with degrees of freedom equal to the number of independent alleles. GONe has been validated over a wide range of Ne values, and for scenarios where survival and birth rates differ between sexes, sex ratios are unequal and reproductive variances differ.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03057.x","issn":"1755098X","usgsCitation":"Coombs, J., Letcher, B., and Nislow, K., 2012, GONe: Software for estimating effective population size in species with generational overlap: Molecular Ecology Resources, v. 12, no. 1, p. 160-163, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03057.x.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"160","endPage":"163","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242880,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215106,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03057.x"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1478e4b0c8380cd54a4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coombs, J.A.","contributorId":91295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coombs","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Letcher, B. H. 0000-0003-0191-5678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":48132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"B.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":450788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nislow, K.H.","contributorId":66477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nislow","given":"K.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042452,"text":"70042452 - 2012 - Small-scale and reconnaissance surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T16:17:37","indexId":"70042452","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Small-scale and reconnaissance surveys","docAbstract":"<p>This brief chapter addresses two related issues: how effort should be allocated to different parts of the sampling plan and, given optimal allocation, how large a sample will be required to achieve the PRISM accuracy target. Simulations based on data collected to date showed that 2 plots per cluster on rapid surveys, 2 intensive camps per field crew-year, 2-4 intensive plots per intensive camp, and 2-3 rapid surveys per intensive plot is the most efficient allocation of resources. Using this design, we investigated how crew-years should be allocated to each region in order to meet the PRISM accuracy target most efficiently. The analysis indicated that 40-50 crew-years would achieve the accuracy target for 18-24 of the 26 species breeding widely in the Arctic. This analysis was based on assuming that two rounds of surveys were conducted and that a 50% decline occurred between them. We discuss the complexity of making these estimates and why they should be viewed as first approximations.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic shorebirds in North America: a decade of monitoring","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of California Press","publisherLocation":"Berkeley, CA","usgsCitation":"Bart, J., Andres, B.A., Elliott, K., Francis, C., Johnston, V., Morrison, R.I., Pierce, E.P., and Rausch, J., 2012, Small-scale and reconnaissance surveys, chap. <i>of</i> Arctic shorebirds in North America: a decade of monitoring, p. 141-155.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"155","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025833","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268329,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297163,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520273108"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7314e4b0b29085108bac","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bart, Jonathan jon_bart@usgs.gov","contributorId":57025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bart","given":"Jonathan","email":"jon_bart@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":509159,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnston, Victoria","contributorId":90185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Victoria","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509160,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Bart, Jonathan jon_bart@usgs.gov","contributorId":57025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bart","given":"Jonathan","email":"jon_bart@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":471569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andres, Brad A.","contributorId":68811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andres","given":"Brad","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elliott, Kyle","contributorId":95347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Kyle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Francis, Charles M.","contributorId":14529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francis","given":"Charles M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnston, Victoria","contributorId":90185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Victoria","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Morrison, R. I. G.","contributorId":66640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morrison","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"I. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pierce, Elin P.","contributorId":30110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Elin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rausch, Jennie","contributorId":103938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rausch","given":"Jennie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70196558,"text":"70196558 - 2012 - Assessing freshwater habitat of adult anadromous alewives using multiple approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-17T10:30:50","indexId":"70196558","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2680,"text":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing freshwater habitat of adult anadromous alewives using multiple approaches","docAbstract":"<p><span>After centuries of disturbance, environmental professionals now recognize the need to restore coastal watersheds for native fish and protect the larger ecosystems on which fish and other aquatic biota depend. Anadromous fish species are an important component of coastal ecosystems that are often adversely affected by human activities. Restoring native anadromous fish species is a common focus of both fish and coastal watershed restoration. Yet restoration efforts have met with uneven success, often due to lack of knowledge about habitat availability and use. Using habitat surveys and radio tracking of adult anadromous alewives&nbsp;</span><i>Alosa pseudoharengus</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>during their spring spawning migration, we illustrate a method for quantifying habitat using multiple approaches and for relating mobile fish distribution to habitat. In the Ipswich River, Massachusetts, measuring habitat units and physical conditions at transects (width, depth, and velocity) provided an ecological basis for the interpretation of landscape patterns of fish distribution. Mapping habitat units allowed us to efficiently census habitat relevant to alewives for the entire 20.6 river kilometers of interest. Our transect data reinforced the results of the habitat unit survey and provided useful, high‐resolution ecological data for restoration efforts. Tagged alewives spent little time in riffle–run habitats and substantial time in pools, although the locations of pool occupancy varied. The insights we provide here can be used to (1) identify preferred habitats into which anadromous fish can be reintroduced in order to maximize fish survival and reproduction and (2) pinpoint habitat types in urgent need of protection or restoration.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1080/19425120.2012.675980","usgsCitation":"Mather, M.E., Frank, H.J., Smith, J.M., Cormier, R.D., Muth, R.M., and Finn, J.T., 2012, Assessing freshwater habitat of adult anadromous alewives using multiple approaches: Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science, v. 4, no. 1, p. 188-200, https://doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2012.675980.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"188","endPage":"200","ipdsId":"IP-024880","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2012.675980","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":353479,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afef2c9e4b0da30c1bfc881","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mather, Martha E. 0000-0003-3027-0215 mather@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-0215","contributorId":2580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"Martha","email":"mather@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frank, Holly J.","contributorId":86605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Joseph M.","contributorId":106712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17855,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cormier, Roxann D.","contributorId":204312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cormier","given":"Roxann","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Muth, Robert M.","contributorId":41682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muth","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Finn, John T.","contributorId":78302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70188330,"text":"70188330 - 2012 - Quantifying urban land cover change between 2001 and 2006 in the Gulf of Mexico region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T13:04:47","indexId":"70188330","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1753,"text":"Geocarto International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying urban land cover change between 2001 and 2006 in the Gulf of Mexico region","docAbstract":"<p><span>We estimated urbanization rates (2001–2006) in the Gulf of Mexico region using the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2001 and 2006 impervious surface products. An improved method was used to update the NLCD impervious surface product in 2006 and associated land cover transition between 2001 and 2006. Our estimation reveals that impervious surface increased 416&nbsp;km</span><sup>2</sup><span> with a growth rate of 5.8% between 2001 and 2006. Approximately 1110.1&nbsp;km</span><sup>2</sup><span> of non-urban lands were converted into urban land, resulting in a 3.2% increase in the region. Hay/pasture, woody wetland, and evergreen forest represented the three most common land cover classes that transitioned to urban. Among these land cover transitions, more than 50% of the urbanization occurred within 50&nbsp;km of the coast. Our analysis shows that the close-to-coast land cover transition trend, especially within 10&nbsp;km off the coast, potentially imposes substantial long-term impacts on regional landscape and ecological conditions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10106049.2011.652675","usgsCitation":"Xian, G.Z., Homer, C.G., Bunde, B., Danielson, P., Dewitz, J., Fry, J., and Pu, R., 2012, Quantifying urban land cover change between 2001 and 2006 in the Gulf of Mexico region: Geocarto International, v. 27, no. 6, p. 479-497, https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2011.652675.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"479","endPage":"497","ipdsId":"IP-026553","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342159,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -101.337890625,\n              24.686952411999155\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.365234375,\n              24.686952411999155\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.365234375,\n              32.62087018318113\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.337890625,\n              32.62087018318113\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.337890625,\n              24.686952411999155\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5937bf31e4b0f6c2d0d9c7b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xian, George Z. 0000-0001-5674-2204 xian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5674-2204","contributorId":2263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xian","given":"George","email":"xian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Homer, Collin G. 0000-0003-4755-8135 homer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-8135","contributorId":2262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Homer","given":"Collin","email":"homer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bunde, Brett 0000-0003-0228-779X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0228-779X","contributorId":192644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunde","given":"Brett","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":697244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Danielson, Patrick 0000-0002-2990-2783 pdanielson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2990-2783","contributorId":3551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danielson","given":"Patrick","email":"pdanielson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dewitz, Jon 0000-0002-0458-212X dewitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0458-212X","contributorId":2401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dewitz","given":"Jon","email":"dewitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fry, Joyce 0000-0002-8466-9582 jfry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8466-9582","contributorId":3147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fry","given":"Joyce","email":"jfry@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":697241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pu, Ruiliang","contributorId":192645,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pu","given":"Ruiliang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70193579,"text":"70193579 - 2012 - The 2010 explosive eruption of Java's Merapi volcano—A ‘100-year’ event","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T10:54:49","indexId":"70193579","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 2010 explosive eruption of Java's Merapi volcano—A ‘100-year’ event","docAbstract":"<p><span>Merapi volcano (Indonesia) is one of the most active and hazardous volcanoes in the world. It is known for frequent small to moderate eruptions, pyroclastic flows produced by lava dome collapse, and the large population settled on and around the flanks of the volcano that is at risk. Its usual behavior for the last decades abruptly changed in late October and early November 2010, when the volcano produced its largest and most explosive eruptions in more than a century, displacing at least a third of a million people, and claiming nearly 400 lives. Despite the challenges involved in forecasting this ‘hundred year eruption’, we show that the magnitude of precursory signals (seismicity, ground deformation, gas emissions) was proportional to the large size and intensity of the eruption. In addition and for the first time, near-real-time satellite radar imagery played an equal role with seismic, geodetic, and gas observations in monitoring eruptive activity during a major volcanic crisis. The Indonesian Center of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (CVGHM) issued timely forecasts of the magnitude of the eruption phases, saving 10,000–20,000 lives. In addition to reporting on aspects of the crisis management, we report the first synthesis of scientific observations of the eruption. Our monitoring and petrologic data show that the 2010 eruption was fed by rapid ascent of magma from depths ranging from 5 to 30</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km. Magma reached the surface with variable gas content resulting in alternating explosive and rapid effusive eruptions, and released a total of ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>0.44</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Tg of SO</span><sub>2</sub><span>. The eruptive behavior seems also related to the seismicity along a tectonic fault more than 40</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>km from the volcano, highlighting both the complex stress pattern of the Merapi region of Java and the role of magmatic pressurization in activating regional faults. We suggest a dynamic triggering of the main explosions on 3 and 4 November by the passing seismic waves generated by regional earthquakes on these days.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.06.018","usgsCitation":", S., Jousset, P., Pallister, J.S., Boichu, M., Buongiorno, M.F., Budisantoso, A., Costa, F., Andreastuti, S., Prata, F., Schneider, D.J., Clarisse, L., Humaida, H., Sumarti, S., Bignami, C., Griswold, J.P., Carn, S.A., Oppenheimer, C., and Lavigne, F., 2012, The 2010 explosive eruption of Java's Merapi volcano—A ‘100-year’ event: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 241-242, p. 121-135, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.06.018.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"135","ipdsId":"IP-037583","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488719,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_246296","text":"External Repository"},{"id":348072,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Indonesia","otherGeospatial":"Merapi volcano","volume":"241-242","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2eb1e4b0531197b28026","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":" Surono","contributorId":149582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"given":"Surono","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jousset, Philippe","contributorId":194796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jousset","given":"Philippe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pallister, John S. 0000-0002-2041-2147 jpallist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2041-2147","contributorId":2024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pallister","given":"John","email":"jpallist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boichu, Marie","contributorId":199559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boichu","given":"Marie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buongiorno, M. Fabrizia","contributorId":102698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buongiorno","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Fabrizia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Budisantoso, Agus","contributorId":199556,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Budisantoso","given":"Agus","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Costa, Fidel","contributorId":184169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Costa","given":"Fidel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Andreastuti, Supriyati","contributorId":82087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andreastuti","given":"Supriyati","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Prata, Fred","contributorId":148068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Prata","given":"Fred","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16991,"text":"Norwegian Institute for Air Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":719444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Schneider, David J. 0000-0001-9092-1054 djschneider@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9092-1054","contributorId":198601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"David","email":"djschneider@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":719445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Clarisse, Lieven","contributorId":199561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clarisse","given":"Lieven","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Humaida, Hanik","contributorId":199562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Humaida","given":"Hanik","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Sumarti, Sri","contributorId":149584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sumarti","given":"Sri","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Bignami, Christian","contributorId":199563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bignami","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Griswold, Julia P. griswold@usgs.gov","contributorId":4148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griswold","given":"Julia","email":"griswold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":719450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Carn, Simon A.","contributorId":28092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carn","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Oppenheimer, Clive","contributorId":174445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oppenheimer","given":"Clive","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27136,"text":"University of Cambridge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":719452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Lavigne, Franck","contributorId":66030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lavigne","given":"Franck","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}}
,{"id":70193004,"text":"70193004 - 2012 - Design and implementation of the next generation Landsat satellite communications system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-20T10:53:10","indexId":"70193004","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Design and implementation of the next generation Landsat satellite communications system","docAbstract":"<p>The next generation Landsat satellite, Landsat 8 (L8), also known as the Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM), uses a highly spectrally efficient modulation and data formatting approach to provide large amounts of downlink (D/L) bandwidth in a limited X-Band spectrum allocation. In addition to purely data throughput and bandwidth considerations, there were a number of additional constraints based on operational considerations for prevention of interference with the NASA Deep-Space Network (DSN) band just above the L8 D/L band, minimization of jitter contributions to prevent impacts to instrument performance, and the need to provide an interface to the Landsat International Cooperator (IC) community. A series of trade studies were conducted to consider either X- or Ka-Band, modulation type, and antenna coverage type, prior to the release of the request for proposal (RFP) for the spacecraft. Through use of the spectrally efficient rate-7/8 Low-Density Parity-Check error-correction coding and novel filtering, an XBand frequency plan was developed that balances all the constraints and considerations, while providing world-class link performance, fitting 384 Mbits/sec of data into the 375 MHz X-Band allocation with bit-error rates better than 10-12 using an earth-coverage antenna.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings from the International Telemetering Conference ","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Foundation for Telemetering","usgsCitation":"Mah, G.R., O’Brien, M., Garon, H., Mott, C., Ames, A., and Dearth, K., 2012, Design and implementation of the next generation Landsat satellite communications system, <i>in</i> Proceedings from the International Telemetering Conference , 14 p.","productDescription":"14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-038940","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350124,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347674,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://arizona.openrepository.com/arizona/handle/10150/581626"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6105a0e4b06e28e9c2557f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mah, Grant R. 0000-0002-2584-3915 mah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2584-3915","contributorId":4087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mah","given":"Grant","email":"mah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Brien, Michael mobrien@usgs.gov","contributorId":4333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"Michael","email":"mobrien@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":717589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garon, Howard","contributorId":198902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garon","given":"Howard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mott, Claire","contributorId":198901,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mott","given":"Claire","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ames, Alan","contributorId":198900,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ames","given":"Alan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dearth, Ken","contributorId":198903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dearth","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70191700,"text":"70191700 - 2012 - KINEROS2/AGWA: Model use, calibration and validation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-19T11:03:06","indexId":"70191700","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3619,"text":"Transactions of the ASABE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"KINEROS<sub>2</sub>/AGWA: Model use, calibration and validation","title":"KINEROS2/AGWA: Model use, calibration and validation","docAbstract":"<p><span>KINEROS (KINematic runoff and EROSion) originated in the 1960s as a distributed event-based model that conceptualizes a watershed as a cascade of overland flow model elements that flow into trapezoidal channel model elements. KINEROS was one of the first widely available watershed models that interactively coupled a finite difference approximation of the kinematic overland flow equations to a physically based infiltration model. Development and improvement of KINEROS continued from the 1960s on a variety of projects for a range of purposes, which has resulted in a suite of KINEROS-based modeling tools. This article focuses on KINEROS2 (K2), a spatially distributed, event-based watershed rainfall-runoff and erosion model, and the companion ArcGIS-based Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment (AGWA) tool. AGWA automates the time-consuming tasks of watershed delineation into distributed model elements and initial parameterization of these elements using commonly available, national GIS data layers. A variety of approaches have been used to calibrate and validate K2 successfully across a relatively broad range of applications (e.g., urbanization, pre- and post-fire, hillslope erosion, erosion from roads, runoff and recharge, and manure transport). The case studies presented in this article (1) compare lumped to stepwise calibration and validation of runoff and sediment at plot, hillslope, and small watershed scales; and (2) demonstrate an uncalibrated application to address relative change in watershed response to wildfire.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASABE","doi":"10.13031/2013.42264","usgsCitation":"Goodrich, D., Burns, I., Unkrich, C., Semmens, D.J., Guertin, D., Hernandez, M., Yatheendradas, S., Kennedy, J.R., and Levick, L.R., 2012, KINEROS2/AGWA: Model use, calibration and validation: Transactions of the ASABE, v. 55, no. 4, p. 1561-1574, https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.42264.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1561","endPage":"1574","ipdsId":"IP-036418","costCenters":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20140009153","text":"External Repository"},{"id":346949,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e9b998e4b05fe04cd65ceb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goodrich, D.C.","contributorId":98492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goodrich","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burns, I.S.","contributorId":197274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burns","given":"I.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Unkrich, C.L.","contributorId":74537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Unkrich","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Semmens, Darius J. 0000-0001-7924-6529 dsemmens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7924-6529","contributorId":1714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Semmens","given":"Darius","email":"dsemmens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guertin, D.P.","contributorId":36264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guertin","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hernandez, M.","contributorId":197277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hernandez","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yatheendradas, S.","contributorId":13035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yatheendradas","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kennedy, Jeffrey R. 0000-0002-3365-6589 jkennedy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3365-6589","contributorId":2172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jkennedy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Levick, Lainie R.","contributorId":23229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levick","given":"Lainie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70191252,"text":"70191252 - 2012 - Strata-bound Fe-Co-Cu-Au-Bi-Y-REE deposits of the Idaho Cobalt Belt: Multistage hydrothermal mineralization in a magmatic-related iron oxide copper-gold system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-02T16:37:55","indexId":"70191252","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strata-bound Fe-Co-Cu-Au-Bi-Y-REE deposits of the Idaho Cobalt Belt: Multistage hydrothermal mineralization in a magmatic-related iron oxide copper-gold system","docAbstract":"<p id=\"p-1\">Mineralogical and geochemical studies of strata-bound Fe-Co-Cu-Au-Bi-Y-rare-earth element (REE) deposits of the Idaho cobalt belt in east-central Idaho provide evidence of multistage epigenetic mineralization by magmatic-hydrothermal processes in an iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG) system. Deposits of the Idaho cobalt belt comprise three types: (1) strata-bound sulfide lenses in the Blackbird district, which are cobaltite and, less commonly, chalcopyrite rich with locally abundant gold, native bismuth, bismuthinite, xenotime, allanite, monazite, and the Be-rich silicate gadolinite-(Y), with sparse uraninite, stannite, and Bi tellurides, in a gangue of quartz, chlorite, biotite, muscovite, garnet, tourmaline, chloritoid, and/or siderite, with locally abundant fluorapatite or magnetite; (2) discordant tourmalinized breccias in the Blackbird district that in places have concentrations of cobaltite, chalcopyrite, gold, and xenotime; and (3) strata-bound magnetite-rich lenses in the Iron Creek area, which contain cobaltiferous pyrite and locally sparse chalcopyrite or xenotime. Most sulfide-rich deposits in the Blackbird district are enclosed by strata-bound lenses composed mainly of Cl-rich Fe biotite; some deposits have quartz-rich envelopes.</p><p id=\"p-2\">Whole-rock analyses of 48 Co- and/or Cu-rich samples show high concentrations of Au (up to 26.8 ppm), Bi (up to 9.16 wt %), Y (up to 0.83 wt %), ∑REEs (up to 2.56 wt %), Ni (up to 6,780 ppm), and Be (up to 1,180 ppm), with locally elevated U (up to 124 ppm) and Sn (up to 133 ppm); Zn and Pb contents are uniformly low (≤821 and ≤61 ppm, respectively). Varimax factor analysis of bulk compositions of these samples reveals geochemically distinct element groupings that reflect statistical associations of monazite, allanite, and xenotime; biotite and gold; detrital minerals; chalcopyrite and sparse stannite; quartz; and cobaltite with sparse selenides and tellurides. Significantly, Cu is statistically separate from Co and As, consistent with the general lack of abundant chalcopyrite in cobaltite-rich samples.</p><p id=\"p-3\">Paragenetic relations determined by scanning electron microscopy indicate that the earliest Y-REE-Be mineralization preceded deposition of Co, Cu, Au, and Bi. Allanite, xenotime, and gadolinite-(Y) commonly occur as intergrowths with and inclusions in cobaltite; the opposite texture is rare. Monazite, in contrast, forms a poikiloblastic matrix to cobaltite and thin rims on allanite and xenotime, reflecting a later metamorphic paragenesis. Allanite and xenotime also show evidence of late dissolution and reprecipitation, forming discordant rims on older anhedral allanite and xenotime and separate euhedral crystals of each mineral. Textural data suggest extensive deformation of the deposits by folding and shearing, and by pervasive recrystallization, all during Cretaceous metamorphism. Sensitive high resolution ion microprobe U-Pb geochronology by<span>&nbsp;</span><span id=\"xref-ref-4-1\" class=\"xref-bibr\">Aleinikoff et al. (2012)</span><span>&nbsp;</span>supports these paragenetic interpretations, documenting contemporaneous Mesoproterozoic growth of early xenotime and crystallization of megacrystic A-type granite on the northern border of the district. These ages are used together with mineralogical and geochemical data from the present study to support an epigenetic, IOCG model for Fe-Co-Cu-Au-Bi-Y-REE deposits of the Idaho cobalt belt. A sulfide facies variant of IOCG deposits is proposed for the Blackbird district, in which reducing hydrothermal conditions favored deposition of sulfide minerals over iron oxides. This new model includes Mesoproterozoic vein mineralization and related Fe-Cl metasomatism that formed the biotite-rich lenses, a predominantly felsic magmatic source for metals in the deposits, given their local abundance of Y, REEs, and Be, and a major sedimentary component in the hydrothermal fluids based on independent sulfur isotope and boron isotope data for sulfides and ore-related tourmaline, respectively.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.107.6.1089","usgsCitation":"Slack, J.F., 2012, Strata-bound Fe-Co-Cu-Au-Bi-Y-REE deposits of the Idaho Cobalt Belt: Multistage hydrothermal mineralization in a magmatic-related iron oxide copper-gold system: Economic Geology, v. 107, no. 6, p. 1089-1113, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.107.6.1089.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"1089","endPage":"1113","ipdsId":"IP-030528","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346338,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59d3502ce4b05fe04cc34d84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slack, John F. 0000-0001-6600-3130 jfslack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-3130","contributorId":1032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"John","email":"jfslack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70193286,"text":"70193286 - 2012 - Displacement fields from point cloud data: Application of particle imaging velocimetry to landslide geodesy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T10:00:16","indexId":"70193286","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Displacement fields from point cloud data: Application of particle imaging velocimetry to landslide geodesy","docAbstract":"<p><span>Acquiring spatially continuous ground-surface displacement fields from Terrestrial Laser Scanners (TLS) will allow better understanding of the physical processes governing landslide motion at detailed spatial and temporal scales. Problems arise, however, when estimating continuous displacement fields from TLS point-clouds because reflecting points from sequential scans of moving ground are not defined uniquely, thus repeat TLS surveys typically do not track individual reflectors. Here, we implemented the cross-correlation-based Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) method to derive a surface deformation field using TLS point-cloud data. We estimated associated errors using the shape of the cross-correlation function and tested the method's performance with synthetic displacements applied to a TLS point cloud. We applied the method to the toe of the episodically active Cleveland Corral Landslide in northern California using TLS data acquired in June 2005–January 2007 and January–May 2010. Estimated displacements ranged from decimeters to several meters and they agreed well with independent measurements at better than 9% root mean squared (RMS) error. For each of the time periods, the method provided a smooth, nearly continuous displacement field that coincides with independently mapped boundaries of the slide and permits further kinematic and mechanical inference. For the 2010 data set, for instance, the PIV-derived displacement field identified a diffuse zone of displacement that preceded by over a month the development of a new lateral shear zone. Additionally, the upslope and downslope displacement gradients delineated by the dense PIV field elucidated the non-rigid behavior of the slide.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2011JF002161","usgsCitation":"Aryal, A., Brooks, B.A., Reid, M.E., Bawden, G.W., and Pawlak, G., 2012, Displacement fields from point cloud data: Application of particle imaging velocimetry to landslide geodesy: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 117, no. F1, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JF002161.","productDescription":"F01029; 15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","ipdsId":"IP-034573","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474690,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jf002161","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347929,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada Mountains","volume":"117","issue":"F1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bc1e4b0531197afa068","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aryal, Arjun","contributorId":199281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aryal","given":"Arjun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brooks, Benjamin A. 0000-0001-7954-6281 bbrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7954-6281","contributorId":5237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Benjamin","email":"bbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reid, Mark E. 0000-0002-5595-1503 mreid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5595-1503","contributorId":1167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"Mark","email":"mreid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bawden, Gerald W. gbawden@usgs.gov","contributorId":1071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bawden","given":"Gerald","email":"gbawden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pawlak, Geno","contributorId":66178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pawlak","given":"Geno","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70192533,"text":"70192533 - 2012 - Use of occupancy models to evaluate expert knowledge-based species-habitat relationships","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T13:06:14","indexId":"70192533","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":947,"text":"Avian Conservation and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of occupancy models to evaluate expert knowledge-based species-habitat relationships","docAbstract":"<p><span>Expert knowledge-based species-habitat relationships are used extensively to guide conservation planning, particularly when data are scarce. Purported relationships describe the initial state of knowledge, but are rarely tested. We assessed support in the data for suitability rankings of vegetation types based on expert knowledge for three terrestrial avian species in the South Atlantic Coastal Plain of the United States. Experts used published studies, natural history, survey data, and field experience to rank vegetation types as optimal, suitable, and marginal. We used single-season occupancy models, coupled with land cover and Breeding Bird Survey data, to examine the hypothesis that patterns of occupancy conformed to species-habitat suitability rankings purported by experts. Purported habitat suitability was validated for two of three species. As predicted for the Eastern Wood-Pewee (</span><i>Contopus virens</i><span>) and Brown-headed Nuthatch (</span><i>Sitta pusilla</i><span>), occupancy was strongly influenced by vegetation types classified as “optimal habitat” by the species suitability rankings for nuthatches and wood-pewees. Contrary to predictions, Red-headed Woodpecker (</span><i>Melanerpes erythrocephalus</i><span>) models that included vegetation types as covariates received similar support by the data as models without vegetation types. For all three species, occupancy was also related to sampling latitude. Our results suggest that covariates representing other habitat requirements might be necessary to model occurrence of generalist species like the woodpecker. The modeling approach described herein provides a means to test expert knowledge-based species-habitat relationships, and hence, help guide conservation planning.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Avian Conservation and Ecology","doi":"10.5751/ACE-00551-070205","usgsCitation":"Iglecia, M.N., Collazo, J., and McKerrow, A., 2012, Use of occupancy models to evaluate expert knowledge-based species-habitat relationships: Avian Conservation and Ecology, v. 7, no. 2, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.5751/ACE-00551-070205.","productDescription":"Article 5; 13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","ipdsId":"IP-029469","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38315,"text":"GAP Analysis Project","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474667,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ace-00551-070205","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349461,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6105a0e4b06e28e9c25585","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iglecia, Monica N.","contributorId":200933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iglecia","given":"Monica","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime A. 0000-0002-1816-7744 jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-7744","contributorId":173448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime A.","email":"jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":716133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKerrow, Alexa 0000-0002-8312-2905 amckerrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8312-2905","contributorId":127753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKerrow","given":"Alexa","email":"amckerrow@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70193756,"text":"70193756 - 2012 - Use of electromagnetic induction methods to monitor remediation at the University of Connecticut landfill: 2004–2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-06T12:46:34","indexId":"70193756","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Use of electromagnetic induction methods to monitor remediation at the University of Connecticut landfill: 2004–2011","docAbstract":"<p><span>Time‐lapse geophysical surveys using frequency‐domain electromagnetics (FDEM) can indirectly measure time‐varying hydrologic parameters such as fluid saturation or solute concentration. Monitoring of these processes provides insight into aquifer properties and the effectiveness of constructed controls (such as leachate interceptor trenches), as well as aquifer responses to natural or induced stresses. At the University of Connecticut landfill, noninvasive, electromagnetic induction (EMI) methods were used to monitor changes in subsurface electrical conductivity that were related to the landfill‐closure activities. After the landfill was closed, EMI methods were used to monitor changes in water saturation and water quality. As part of a long‐term monitoring plan to observe changes associated with closure, redevelopment, and remediation of the former landfill, EMI data were collected to supplement information from groundwater samples collected in wells to the south and north of the landfill. In comparison to single‐point measurements that could have been collected by conventional installation of additional monitoring wells, the EMI methods provided increased spatial coverage, and were less invasive and therefore less destructive to the wetland north of the landfill. To monitor effects of closure activities on the subsurface conductivity, EMI measurements were collected from 2004 to 2011 along discrete transects north and south of the landfill prior to, during, and after the landfill closure. In general, the results indicated an overall decline in subsurface electrical conductivity with time and with distance from the former landfill. This decline in electrical conductivity indicated that the closure and remediation efforts reduced the amount of leachate that originated from the landfill and that entered the drainages to the north and south of the landfill.</span><span></span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2012","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.4133/1.4721692","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.D., White, E.A., and Joesten, P.K., 2012, Use of electromagnetic induction methods to monitor remediation at the University of Connecticut landfill: 2004–2011, <i>in</i> Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2012, p. 36-56, https://doi.org/10.4133/1.4721692.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"56","ipdsId":"IP-035804","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350796,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a71926fe4b0a9a2e9dbde11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Carole D. 0000-0001-6941-1578 cjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1578","contributorId":1891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Carole","email":"cjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Eric A. 0000-0002-7782-146X eawhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7782-146X","contributorId":1737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Eric","email":"eawhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":720229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Joesten, Peter K. pjoesten@usgs.gov","contributorId":1929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joesten","given":"Peter","email":"pjoesten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70192540,"text":"70192540 - 2012 - Morphometric-based sexual determination of Bananaquits (Coereba flaveola)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-28T12:47:13","indexId":"70192540","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2967,"text":"Ornitologia Neotropical","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Morphometric-based sexual determination of Bananaquits (<i>Coereba flaveola</i>)","title":"Morphometric-based sexual determination of Bananaquits (Coereba flaveola)","docAbstract":"<p>The Bananaquit (Coereba flaveola) is a common passerine throughout the tropics and has been a convenient species for ecological studies. This species has sexually monomorphic plumage and cannot be reliably sexed unless in breeding condition. This is problematic for demographic and comparative studies, which are contingent upon accurately aging and sexing individuals. Although male Bananaquits are larger than females, there is overlap in both wing chord and mass. We used morphometric data collected over eight years to develop a predictive model based on logistic regression to assign adult Bananaquits to sex. Our model classified 96% of validation individuals to the correct sex. We suggest that this approach may enhance ecological studies of the species by facilitating correct sex determination independent of breeding status. We believe our modeling approach is applicable elsewhere but, because there may be geographical variation across the species distribution, models will need to be customized to local populations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Neotropical Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Bibles, B.D., and Boal, C.W., 2012, Morphometric-based sexual determination of Bananaquits (Coereba flaveola): Ornitologia Neotropical, v. 23, p. 507-515.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"507","endPage":"515","ipdsId":"IP-030771","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349456,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":349455,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://sora.unm.edu/node/133335"}],"country":"British Virgin Islands","otherGeospatial":"Guana Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -64.58527565002441,\n              18.46235033603078\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.55703735351562,\n              18.46235033603078\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.55703735351562,\n              18.49112747057403\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.58527565002441,\n              18.49112747057403\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.58527565002441,\n              18.46235033603078\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"23","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6105a0e4b06e28e9c25583","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bibles, Brent D.","contributorId":77720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bibles","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boal, Clint W. 0000-0001-6008-8911 cboal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6008-8911","contributorId":1909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boal","given":"Clint","email":"cboal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70191928,"text":"70191928 - 2012 - Origins of mineral deposits, Belt-Purcell Basin, United States and Canada: An introduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-30T16:31:08.376241","indexId":"70191928","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origins of mineral deposits, Belt-Purcell Basin, United States and Canada: An introduction","docAbstract":"<p><span>The fill of the Mesoproterozoic Belt-Purcell Basin, which straddles the United States-Canada border within the Rocky Mountains of western North America (</span><a class=\"link link-reveal link-table xref-fig\" data-open=\"f1-1071081\">Fig. 1</a><span>), consists of marine and nonmarine clastic and carbonate strata 15 to 20 km thick. Three giant metal-producing ore deposits or districts account for the bulk of the known metal endowment within the bounds of the Belt-Purcell Basin: (1) the syndepositional Sullivan Pb-Zn-Ag deposit in southern British Columbia (total production: Pb, 8.4 million tonnes [Mt]; Zn, 7.9 Mt; Ag, 0.0093 Mt;&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr\" data-open=\"b35-1071081\">Lydon, 2000</a><span>), (2) the mesothermal Pb-Zn-Ag veins of the Coeur d’Alene district in northern Idaho (total production: Pb, 7.5 Mt; Zn, 3.0 Mt; Ag, 0.052 Mt;&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr\" data-open=\"b32-1071081\">Long, 1998</a><span>; post-1997 data from USGS Annual Minerals Yearbooks), and (3) the Cretaceous porphyry copper deposit and associated polymetallic veins in the Butte district in Montana (total resource: Cu, 35 Mt; Zn, 4.6 Mt; Ag, 0.044 Mt;&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr\" data-open=\"b32-1071081\">Long et al., 1998</a><span>). The Sullivan Mine closed in 2001 after more than 92 years of production. Mining of 26 major vein deposits in the Coeur d’Alene district began in the 1880s and peaked about 1950. Production in the Coeur d’Alene district continues today from the Galena and Lucky Friday Mines (the latter closed for 2012 to refurbish the mile-deep vertical access shaft). Mining at Butte began in 1875, with copper production peaking in 1917. Mining continues today in the eastern upfaulted portion of the Butte porphyry copper deposit at the Continental Mine.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.107.6.1081","usgsCitation":"Box, S.E., Bookstrom, A.A., and Anderson, R.G., 2012, Origins of mineral deposits, Belt-Purcell Basin, United States and Canada: An introduction: Economic Geology, v. 107, no. 6, p. 1081-1088, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.107.6.1081.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1081","endPage":"1088","ipdsId":"IP-035764","costCenters":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349517,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alberta, British Columbia, Idaho, Montana","otherGeospatial":"Belt-Purcell Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.02636718749999,\n              45.85941212790755\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.4892578125,\n              45.85941212790755\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.4892578125,\n              50.62507306341435\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.02636718749999,\n              50.62507306341435\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.02636718749999,\n              45.85941212790755\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6105a1e4b06e28e9c25587","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Box, Stephen E. 0000-0002-5268-8375 sbox@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5268-8375","contributorId":1843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Box","given":"Stephen","email":"sbox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bookstrom, Arthur A. 0000-0003-1336-3364 abookstrom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1336-3364","contributorId":1542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bookstrom","given":"Arthur","email":"abookstrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Robert G.","contributorId":197569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70193298,"text":"70193298 - 2012 - A robust method to forecast volcanic ash clouds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T15:39:48","indexId":"70193298","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A robust method to forecast volcanic ash clouds","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ash clouds emanating from volcanic eruption columns often form trails of ash extending thousands of kilometers through the Earth's atmosphere, disrupting air traffic and posing a significant hazard to air travel. To mitigate such hazards, the community charged with reducing flight risk must accurately assess risk of ash ingestion for any flight path and provide robust forecasts of volcanic ash dispersal. In response to this need, a number of different transport models have been developed for this purpose and applied to recent eruptions, providing a means to assess uncertainty in forecasts. Here we provide a framework for optimal forecasts and their uncertainties given any model and any observational data. This involves random sampling of the probability distributions of input (source) parameters to a transport model and iteratively running the model with different inputs, each time assessing the predictions that the model makes about ash dispersal by direct comparison with satellite data. The results of these comparisons are embodied in a likelihood function whose maximum corresponds to the minimum misfit between model output and observations. Bayes theorem is then used to determine a normalized posterior probability distribution and from that a forecast of future uncertainty in ash dispersal. The nature of ash clouds in heterogeneous wind fields creates a strong maximum likelihood estimate in which most of the probability is localized to narrow ranges of model source parameters. This property is used here to accelerate probability assessment, producing a method to rapidly generate a prediction of future ash concentrations and their distribution based upon assimilation of satellite data as well as model and data uncertainties. Applying this method to the recent eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland, we show that the 3 and 6&nbsp;h forecasts of ash cloud location probability encompassed the location of observed satellite-determined ash cloud loads, providing an efficient means to assess all of the hazards associated with these ash clouds.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2012JD017732","usgsCitation":"Denlinger, R.P., Pavolonis, M.J., and Sieglaff, J., 2012, A robust method to forecast volcanic ash clouds: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 117, no. D13, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017732.","productDescription":"D13208; 10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-035253","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474632,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2012jd017732","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347920,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"D13","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bc0e4b0531197afa05e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Denlinger, Roger P. 0000-0003-0930-0635 roger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-0635","contributorId":2679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denlinger","given":"Roger","email":"roger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pavolonis, Michael J.","contributorId":199297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pavolonis","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Sieglaff, Justin","contributorId":199296,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sieglaff","given":"Justin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70193743,"text":"70193743 - 2012 - Near‐surface void detection using a seismic landstreamer and horizontal velocity and attenuation tomography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T16:02:29","indexId":"70193743","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Near‐surface void detection using a seismic landstreamer and horizontal velocity and attenuation tomography","docAbstract":"<p><span>The detection and characterization of subsurface voids plays an important role in the study of karst formations and clandestine tunnels. Horizontal velocity and attenuation tomography (HVAT) using offset‐fan shooting and a towed seismic land streamer is a simple, rapid, minimally invasive method that shows promise for detecting near‐surface voids and providing information on the orientation of linear voids. HVAT surveys were conducted over a known subsurface steam tunnel on the University of Connecticut Depot Campus, Storrs, Connecticut. First‐arrival travel‐time and amplitude data were used to produce two‐dimensional (2D) horizontal (map view) velocity and attenuation tomograms. In addition, attenuation tomograms were produced based on normalized total trace energy (TTE). Both the velocity and TTE attenuation tomograms depict an anomaly consistent with the location and orientation of the known tunnel; the TTE method, however, requires significantly less processing time, and therefore may provide a path forward to semi‐automated, near real‐time detection of near‐surface voids. Further study is needed to assess the utility of the HVAT method to detect deeper voids and the effects of a more complex geology on HVAT results.</span><span></span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2012","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.4133/1.4721875","usgsCitation":"Buckley, S.F., and Lane, J.W., 2012, Near‐surface void detection using a seismic landstreamer and horizontal velocity and attenuation tomography, <i>in</i> Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2012, p. 561-571, https://doi.org/10.4133/1.4721875.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"561","endPage":"571","ipdsId":"IP-035556","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350808,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a719270e4b0a9a2e9dbde1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buckley, Sean F. sbuckley@usgs.gov","contributorId":3910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"Sean","email":"sbuckley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X jwlane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":189168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70193734,"text":"70193734 - 2012 - Science in support of the Deepwater Horizon response","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-25T16:34:19.634986","indexId":"70193734","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Science in support of the <i>Deepwater Horizon</i> response","title":"Science in support of the Deepwater Horizon response","docAbstract":"<p>This introduction to the Special Feature presents the context for science during the <i>Deepwater Horizon</i> oil spill response, summarizes how scientific knowledge was integrated across disciplines and statutory responsibilities, identifies areas where scientific information was accurate and where it was not, and considers lessons learned and recommendations for future research and response. Scientific information was integrated within and across federal and state agencies, with input from nongovernmental scientists, across a diverse portfolio of needs—stopping the flow of oil, estimating the amount of oil, capturing and recovering the oil, tracking and forecasting surface oil, protecting coastal and oceanic wildlife and habitat, managing fisheries, and protecting the safety of seafood. Disciplines involved included atmospheric, oceanographic, biogeochemical, ecological, health, biological, and chemical sciences, physics, geology, and mechanical and chemical engineering. Platforms ranged from satellites and planes to ships, buoys, gliders, and remotely operated vehicles to laboratories and computer simulations. The unprecedented response effort depended directly on intense and extensive scientific and engineering data, information, and advice. Many valuable lessons were learned that should be applied to future events.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Science","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1204729109","usgsCitation":"Lubchenco, J., McNutt, M.K., Dreyfus, G., Murawski, S.A., Kennedy, D.M., Anastas, P.T., Chu, S., and Hunter, T., 2012, Science in support of the Deepwater Horizon response: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 109, no. 50, p. 20212-20221, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1204729109.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"20212","endPage":"20221","ipdsId":"IP-041327","costCenters":[{"id":5066,"text":"Office of the Director USGS","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474655,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1204729109","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348189,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.36083984375,\n              26.03704188651584\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.0458984375,\n              26.03704188651584\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.0458984375,\n              30.29701788337205\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.36083984375,\n              30.29701788337205\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.36083984375,\n              26.03704188651584\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"109","issue":"50","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fedfb5e4b0531197b573ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lubchenco, Jane","contributorId":102350,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lubchenco","given":"Jane","affiliations":[{"id":12448,"text":"U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McNutt, Marcia K. 0000-0003-0117-7716 mcnutt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0117-7716","contributorId":327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNutt","given":"Marcia","email":"mcnutt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5066,"text":"Office of the Director USGS","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dreyfus, Gabrielle","contributorId":62479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dreyfus","given":"Gabrielle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34793,"text":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murawski, Steven A.","contributorId":46377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murawski","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":34793,"text":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kennedy, David M.","contributorId":50421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":34793,"text":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Anastas, Paul T.","contributorId":102760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anastas","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":13226,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chu, Steven","contributorId":87041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chu","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34152,"text":"US Department of Energy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hunter, Tom","contributorId":47657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunter","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34829,"text":"Sandia National Laboratories","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70188864,"text":"70188864 - 2012 - Multifractal model of magnetic susceptibility distributions in some igneous rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T10:06:08","indexId":"70188864","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2878,"text":"Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multifractal model of magnetic susceptibility distributions in some igneous rocks","docAbstract":"<p><span>Measurements of in-situ magnetic susceptibility were compiled from mainly Precambrian crystalline basement rocks beneath the Colorado Plateau and ranges in Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico. The susceptibility meter used measures about 30 cm</span><sup>3</sup><span> of rock and measures variations in the modal distribution of magnetic minerals that form a minor component volumetrically in these coarsely crystalline granitic to granodioritic rocks. Recent measurements include 50–150 measurements on each outcrop, and show that the distribution of magnetic susceptibilities is highly variable, multimodal and strongly non-Gaussian. Although the distribution of magnetic susceptibility is well known to be multifractal, the small number of data points at an outcrop precludes calculation of the multifractal spectrum by conventional methods. Instead, a brute force approach was adopted using multiplicative cascade models to fit the outcrop scale variability of magnetic minerals. Model segment proportion and length parameters resulted in 26 676 models to span parameter space. Distributions at each outcrop were normalized to unity magnetic susceptibility and added to compare all data for a rock body accounting for variations in petrology and alteration. Once the best-fitting model was found, the equation relating the segment proportion and length parameters was solved numerically to yield the multifractal spectrum estimate. For the best fits, the relative density (the proportion divided by the segment length) of one segment tends to be dominant and the other two densities are smaller and nearly equal. No other consistent relationships between the best fit parameters were identified. The multifractal spectrum estimates appear to distinguish between metamorphic gneiss sites and sites on plutons, even if the plutons have been metamorphosed. In particular, rocks that have undergone multiple tectonic events tend to have a larger range of scaling exponents.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/npg-19-635-2012","usgsCitation":"Gettings, M.E., 2012, Multifractal model of magnetic susceptibility distributions in some igneous rocks: Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, v. 19, p. 635-642, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-19-635-2012.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"635","endPage":"642","ipdsId":"IP-042313","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-19-635-2012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342945,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59536eafe4b062508e3c7abb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gettings, Mark E. 0000-0002-2910-2321 mgetting@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2910-2321","contributorId":602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gettings","given":"Mark","email":"mgetting@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70193081,"text":"70193081 - 2012 - Impact of wildfire and slope aspect on soil temperature in a mountainous environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-06T13:57:36","indexId":"70193081","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3674,"text":"Vadose Zone Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact of wildfire and slope aspect on soil temperature in a mountainous environment","docAbstract":"<p>Soil temperature changes after landscape disturbance impact hydrology, ecology, and geomorphology. This study used field measurements to examine wildfire and aspect effects on soil temperatures. Combustion of the litter and duff layers on north-facing slopes removed pre-fire aspect-driven soil temperature controls.</p><p>Wildfire is one of the most significant disturbances in mountainous landscapes and can affect soil temperature, which can in turn impact ecologic and geomorphologic processes. This study measured the temperature in near-surface soil (i.e., top 30 cm) during the first summer after a wildfire. In mountainous environments, aspect can also affect soil temperature, so north- vs. south-facing aspects were compared using a fully factorial experimental design to explore the effects of both wildfire and aspect on soil temperature. The data showed major wildfire impacts on soil temperatures on north-facing aspects (unburned ∼4–5°C cooler, on average) but little impact on south-facing aspects. Differences in soil temperatures between north-facing and south-facing unburned aspects (north ∼5°C cooler, on average) were also observed. The data led to the conclusion that, for this field site during the summer period, the forest canopy and litter and duff layers on north-facing slopes (when unburned) substantially decreased mean soil temperatures and temperature variability. The sparse trees on south-facing slopes caused little to no difference in soil temperatures following wildfire in south-facing soils for unburned compared with burned conditions. The results indicate that wildfire can reduce or even remove aspect impacts on soil temperature by combusting the forest canopy and litter and duff layers, which then homogenizes soil temperatures across the landscape.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2136/vzj2012.0017","usgsCitation":"Ebel, B.A., 2012, Impact of wildfire and slope aspect on soil temperature in a mountainous environment: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 11, no. 3, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2012.0017.","ipdsId":"IP-091909","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348285,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07f145e4b09af898c8cdb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebel, Brian A. 0000-0002-5413-3963 bebel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-3963","contributorId":2557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebel","given":"Brian","email":"bebel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70148280,"text":"70148280 - 2012 - Influence of fault trend, bends, and convergence on shallow structure and geomorphology of the Hosgri strike-slip fault, offshore central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-21T16:34:29.501456","indexId":"70148280","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of fault trend, bends, and convergence on shallow structure and geomorphology of the Hosgri strike-slip fault, offshore central California","docAbstract":"<p id=\"p-1\">We mapped an &sim;94-km-long portion of the right-lateral Hosgri fault zone in offshore central California using a dense network of high-resolution seismic reflection profiles, marine magnetic data, and multibeam bathymetry. These data document the location, length, and continuity of multiple fault strands, highlight fault-zone heterogeneity, and demonstrate the importance of fault trend, fault bends, and fault convergence in the development of shallow structure and tectonic geomorphology along strike-slip faults.</p>\n<p id=\"p-2\">Eight sections (A through H) of the Hosgri fault are mapped. The fault trends &sim;335&deg; to 341&deg; in the southern &sim;40 km of the study area (sections A through C) where shallow deformation is primarily dilational. The absence of tectonic uplift in this area has contributed to localization of the Santa Maria River and delta and, as a result, Holocene sediments cover the fault zone. The Hosgri fault generally trends 329&deg; to 337&deg; in the central &sim;24 km of the study area (sections D through F), which coincides with oblique convergence of the Hosgri and the more northwest-trending Los Osos and Shoreline faults. This convergence has resulted in local restraining and releasing fault bends, transpressive uplifts, and extensional basins of varying size and morphology. Notably, development of a paired fault bend is linked to indenting and bulging of the Hosgri fault by a strong crustal block translated to the northwest along the Shoreline fault. Two diverging Hosgri fault strands bounding a central uplifted block characterize the northern &sim;30 km of the Hosgri fault (sections G and H) in this area. The eastern Hosgri passes through significant releasing (329&deg; to 335&deg;) and restraining (335&deg; to 328&deg;) bends before passing onland at San Simeon; the releasing bend is the primary control on development of an elongate, asymmetric, 15-km-long &times; 300- to 2400-m-wide, &ldquo;Lazy Z&rdquo; sedimentary basin. The western strand of the Hosgri fault passes through a significant restraining bend (329&deg; to 316&deg;) and continues northward until slip is transferred to faults underlying the Piedras Blancas fold belt.</p>\n<p id=\"p-3\">Earthquake hazard assessments should incorporate a minimum rupture length of 110 km based on continuity of the Hosgri fault zone through this area. Lateral slip rates may vary along the fault (both to the north and south) as different structures converge and diverge but are probably in the geodetically estimated range of 2&ndash;4 mm/yr.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/Ges00830.1","usgsCitation":"Johnson, S.Y., and Watt, J.T., 2012, Influence of fault trend, bends, and convergence on shallow structure and geomorphology of the Hosgri strike-slip fault, offshore central California: Geosphere, v. 8, no. 6, p. 1632-1656, https://doi.org/10.1130/Ges00830.1.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"1632","endPage":"1656","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036122","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474622,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00830.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300840,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Hosgri fault","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.541748046875,\n              34.7506398050501\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.541748046875,\n              35.66622234103479\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.377197265625,\n              35.66622234103479\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.377197265625,\n              34.7506398050501\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.541748046875,\n              34.7506398050501\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566ead6e4b0d9246a9ec2eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Samuel Y. 0000-0001-7972-9977 sjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7972-9977","contributorId":2607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Samuel","email":"sjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watt, Janet Tilden 0000-0002-4759-3814 jwatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4759-3814","contributorId":1754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watt","given":"Janet","email":"jwatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tilden","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70155848,"text":"70155848 - 2012 - Groundwater and surface-water exchange and resultingnNitrate dynamics in the Bogue Phalia Basin in northwestern Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-15T16:09:38.395666","indexId":"70155848","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater and surface-water exchange and resultingnNitrate dynamics in the Bogue Phalia Basin in northwestern Mississippi","docAbstract":"<p><span>During April 2007 through September 2008, the USGS collected hydrogeologic and water-quality data from a site on the Bogue Phalia to evaluate the role of groundwater and surface-water interaction on the transport of nitrate to the shallow sand and gravel aquifer underlying the Mississippi Alluvial Plain in northwestern Mississippi. A two-dimensional groundwater/surface-water exchange model was developed using temperature and head data and VS2DH, a variably saturated flow and energy transport model. Results from this model showed that groundwater/surface-water exchange at the site occurred regularly and recharge was laterally extensive into the alluvial aquifer. Nitrate was consistently reported in surface-water samples (</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;= 52, median concentration = 39.8 &mu;mol/L) although never detected in samples collected from in-stream piezometers or shallow monitoring wells adjacent to the stream (</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;= 46). These two facts, consistent detections of nitrate in surface water and no detections of nitrate in groundwater, coupled with model results that indicate large amounts of surface water moving through an anoxic streambed, support the case for denitrification and nitrate loss through the streambed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Alliance of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Science Societies","doi":"10.2134/jeq2011.0087","usgsCitation":"Barlow, J.R., and Coupe, R.H., 2012, Groundwater and surface-water exchange and resultingnNitrate dynamics in the Bogue Phalia Basin in northwestern Mississippi: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 41, no. 1, p. 155-169, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2011.0087.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"169","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024197","costCenters":[{"id":394,"text":"Mississippi Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381802,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Bogue Phalia Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.20421710355372,\n              34.156863209912004\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.75054266585917,\n              34.156863209912004\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.8764117905081,\n              34.12139801584064\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.1361842392514,\n              33.60994504300518\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.05316417831278,\n              33.117872488161694\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.22296356892653,\n              33.129086822630626\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.20689517003508,\n              34.156863209912004\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.20421710355372,\n              34.156863209912004\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cc6e29e4b08400b1fe0fd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barlow, Jeannie R. B. 0000-0002-0799-4656 jbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-4656","contributorId":3701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Jeannie","email":"jbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R. B.","affiliations":[{"id":394,"text":"Mississippi Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coupe, Richard H. 0000-0001-8679-1015 rhcoupe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8679-1015","contributorId":551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coupe","given":"Richard","email":"rhcoupe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":394,"text":"Mississippi Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70139533,"text":"70139533 - 2012 - The use of U.S. Geological Survey digital geospatial data products for science research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-27T12:03:46","indexId":"70139533","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The use of U.S. Geological Survey digital geospatial data products for science research","docAbstract":"<p><span>The development of geographic information system (GIS) transformed the practice of geographic science research. The availability of low-cost, reliable data by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) supported the advance of GIS in the early stages of the transition to digital technology. To estimate the extent of the scientific use of USGS digital geospatial data products, a search of science literature databases yielded numbers of articles citing USGS products. Though this method requires careful consideration to avoid false positives, these citation numbers of three types of products (vector, land-use/land-cover, and elevation data) were graphed, and the frequency trends were examined. Trends indicated that the use of several, but not all, products increased with time. The use of some products declined and reasons for these declines are offered. To better understand how these data affected the design and outcomes of research projects, the study begins to build a context for the data by discussing digital cartographic research preceding the production of mass-produced products. The data distribution methods used various media for different system types and were supported by instructional material. The findings are an initial assessment of the affect of USGS products on GIS-enabled science research. A brief examination of the specific papers indicates that USGS data were used for science and GIS conceptual research, advanced education, and problem analysis and solution applications.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"History of Cartography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-19088-9_8","usgsCitation":"Varanka, D.E., Deering, C., and Caro, H., 2012, The use of U.S. Geological Survey digital geospatial data products for science research, chap. <i>of</i> History of Cartography, p. 129-141, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19088-9_8.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"141","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-023850","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310620,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562b5a35e4b00162522207e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Varanka, Dalia E. 0000-0003-2857-9600 dvaranka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2857-9600","contributorId":1296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varanka","given":"Dalia","email":"dvaranka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deering, Carol 0000-0003-3565-6264 cdeering@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3565-6264","contributorId":3001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deering","given":"Carol","email":"cdeering@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caro, Holly","contributorId":149409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caro","given":"Holly","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70136359,"text":"70136359 - 2012 - Can arsenic occurrence rate in bedrock aquifers be predicted?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-30T14:15:38","indexId":"70136359","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Can arsenic occurrence rate in bedrock aquifers be predicted?","docAbstract":"<p><span>A high percentage (31%) of groundwater samples from bedrock aquifers in the greater Augusta area, Maine was found to contain greater than 10 &mu;g L</span><span>&ndash;1</span><span>&nbsp;of arsenic. Elevated arsenic concentrations are associated with bedrock geology, and more frequently observed in samples with high pH, low dissolved oxygen, and low nitrate. These associations were quantitatively compared by statistical analysis. Stepwise logistic regression models using bedrock geology and/or water chemistry parameters are developed and tested with external data sets to explore the feasibility of predicting groundwater arsenic occurrence rates (the percentages of arsenic concentrations higher than 10 &mu;g L</span><span>&ndash;1</span><span>) in bedrock aquifers. Despite the under-prediction of high arsenic occurrence rates, models including groundwater geochemistry parameters predict arsenic occurrence rates better than those with bedrock geology only. Such simple models with very few parameters can be applied to obtain a preliminary arsenic risk assessment in bedrock aquifers at local to intermediate scales at other localities with similar geology.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es203793x","usgsCitation":"Yang, Q., Jung, H.B., Marvinney, R.G., Culbertson, C.W., and Zheng, Y., 2012, Can arsenic occurrence rate in bedrock aquifers be predicted?: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 46, no. 4, p. 2080-2087, https://doi.org/10.1021/es203793x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2080","endPage":"2087","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-034607","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474645,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/d8rn3jhw","text":"External Repository"},{"id":296941,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b4ae4b08de9379b32fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yang, Qiang","contributorId":131129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Qiang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7255,"text":"City University of New York, Queens College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jung, Hun Bok","contributorId":131128,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jung","given":"Hun","email":"","middleInitial":"Bok","affiliations":[{"id":7255,"text":"City University of New York, Queens College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marvinney, Robert G.","contributorId":131130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marvinney","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":7257,"text":"Maine Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Culbertson, Charles W. cculbert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culbertson","given":"Charles","email":"cculbert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zheng, Yan","contributorId":99046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zheng","given":"Yan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7255,"text":"City University of New York, Queens College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70148038,"text":"70148038 - 2012 - Parameter estimation method and updating of regional prediction equations for ungaged sites in the desert region of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-06T15:07:31","indexId":"70148038","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Parameter estimation method and updating of regional prediction equations for ungaged sites in the desert region of California","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is currently updating at-site flood frequency estimates for USGS streamflow-gaging stations in the desert region of California. The at-site flood-frequency analysis is complicated by short record lengths (less than 20 years is common) and numerous zero flows/low outliers at many sites. Estimates of the three parameters (mean, standard deviation, and skew) required for fitting the log Pearson Type 3 (LP3) distribution are likely to be highly unreliable based on the limited and heavily censored at-site data. In a generalization of the recommendations in Bulletin 17B, a regional analysis was used to develop regional estimates of all three parameters (mean, standard deviation, and skew) of the LP3 distribution. A regional skew value of zero from a previously published report was used with a new estimated mean squared error (MSE) of 0.20. A weighted least squares (WLS) regression method was used to develop both a regional standard deviation and a mean model based on annual peak-discharge data for 33 USGS stations throughout California&rsquo;s desert region. At-site standard deviation and mean values were determined by using an expected moments algorithm (EMA) method for fitting the LP3 distribution to the logarithms of annual peak-discharge data. Additionally, a multiple Grubbs-Beck (MGB) test, a generalization of the test recommended in Bulletin 17B, was used for detecting multiple potentially influential low outliers in a flood series. The WLS regression found that no basin characteristics could explain the variability of standard deviation. Consequently, a constant regional standard deviation model was selected, resulting in a log-space value of 0.91 with a MSE of 0.03 log units. Yet drainage area was found to be statistically significant at explaining the site-to-site variability in mean. The linear WLS regional mean model based on drainage area had a Pseudo- 2 R of 51 percent and a MSE of 0.32 log units. The regional parameter estimates were then used to develop a set of equations for estimating flows with 50-, 20-, 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, 0.5-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probabilities for ungaged basins. The final equations are functions of drainage area.Average standard errors of prediction for these regression equations range from 214.2 to 856.2 percent.</p>","conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2012","conferenceDate":"Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States","conferenceLocation":"May 20-24, 2012","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/9780784412312.238","collaboration":"FEMA","usgsCitation":"Barth, N.A., and Veilleux, A.G., 2012, Parameter estimation method and updating of regional prediction equations for ungaged sites in the desert region of California, World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2012, May 20-24, 2012, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States, p. 2356-2366, https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784412312.238.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2356","endPage":"2366","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-034376","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311099,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Desert region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.45458984375,\n              37.89219554724437\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.70751953125,\n              35.24561909420681\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.83935546874999,\n              34.69646117272349\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.619873046875,\n              33.742612777346885\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.78491210937501,\n              32.63012300670739\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.521484375,\n              32.76880048488168\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.49951171875,\n              33.02708758002874\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.6533203125,\n              33.05471648804276\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.697265625,\n              33.247875947924385\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.730224609375,\n              33.358061612778876\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.6533203125,\n              33.46810795527896\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.5654296875,\n              33.568861182555565\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.510498046875,\n              33.815666308702774\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.521484375,\n              33.916013113401696\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.47753906249999,\n              34.03445260967645\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.345703125,\n              34.161818161230386\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.19189453125,\n              34.261756524459805\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.136962890625,\n              34.334364487026306\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.345703125,\n              34.488447837809304\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.554443359375,\n              34.77771580360469\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.63134765625001,\n              35.02999636902566\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.41064453125,\n              37.883524980871336\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.45458984375,\n              37.89219554724437\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"563ddd42e4b0831b7d6271f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barth, Nancy A. nabarth@usgs.gov","contributorId":3276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barth","given":"Nancy","email":"nabarth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Veilleux, Andrea G. aveilleux@usgs.gov","contributorId":4404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veilleux","given":"Andrea","email":"aveilleux@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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