Measurements of the rates of population increase, reproduction, and mortality together with an observed age ratio, were used to analyze the population of the Herring Gull in New England. Data from sporadic censuses prior to this study, aerial censuses by the authors, and National Audubon Society Christmas Bird Count indicated that the New England breeding population has been doubling every 12 to 15 years since the early 1900's. This increase has involved founding new colonies and expanding the breeding range There is evidence that 15 to 30% of the adults do not breed in any given year. Sixty—one productivity measurements on 43 islands from 1963 through 1966, involving almost 13,000 nests, showed that from 0.8 to 1.4 young/breeding pair/year is the usual range of rate of production. The age distribution in the population was determined by classifying Herring Gulls by plumage category on an aerial census of the coast from Tampico, Mexico, to Cape Sable, Nova Scotia. Of the 622,000 gulls observed, 68% were adults, 17% were second— and third—year birds, and 15% were first—year birds. Mortality rates derived from band recovery data were too high to be consistent with the observed rate of population growth, productivity, and age structure. Loss of bands increasing to the rate of about 20%/year 5 years after banding eliminates most of the discrepancy. The age structure and rate of population increase indicate a mortality rate of 4 to 9% for gulls 2 years old or older, compared with the 25 to 30% indicated by band recoveries. The population structure we have developed fits everything we have observed about Herring Gull population dynamics, except mortality based on band recoveries.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.2307/1935530","usgsCitation":"Kadlec, J.A., and Drury, W.H., 1968, Structure of the New England herring gull population: Ecology, v. 49, no. 4, p. 644-676, https://doi.org/10.2307/1935530.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"644","endPage":"676","numberOfPages":"33","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198016,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649408","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kadlec, John A.","contributorId":113405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kadlec","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drury, William H.","contributorId":20012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drury","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70120879,"text":"70120879 - 1968 - The geochronology of foraminiferal ooze deposits in the \"Southern Ocean\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-18T11:11:11","indexId":"70120879","displayToPublicDate":"1968-07-01T11:04:50","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The geochronology of foraminiferal ooze deposits in the \"Southern Ocean\"","docAbstract":"Many cores raised from the Drake Passage are characterized by alternating zones of foraminiferal ooze and sandysilt. Cores raised from the East Pacific Rise are foraminiferal ooze or alternating siliceous and carbonate ooze. The uranium and thorium concentrations and isotopic ratios in foraminifers separated from these cores were measured by alpha-spectroscopy. 230Th in foraminiferal tests is found to be out of equilibrium with its parent (234U), enabling the “excess 230Th” method to be used in estimating sedimentation rates. The uranium concentration of the tests is constant, suggesting constant uranium concentrations in the sea and thus constant production of 230Th during periods of foraminiferal production. 232Th concentration is 2.1 ± 0.7 ppm in the Drake Passage and below the level of detection in tests from the East Pacific Rise. Within each core the 232Th is constant, varying closely with distance from the source.
\nBased on the degree of disequilibrium of 230Th, correlations between cores can be made. Age estimates of the foraminiferal zones indicate deposition occurred between 8 000 and 120 000 and between 190 000 and 280 000 years before present. Reported dates of high stands of the sea fall between the ages estimated for the foraminiferal zones, suggesting these zones were deposited during northern hemisphere glacial maxima.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(68)90065-4","usgsCitation":"Holmes, C.W., Osmond, J., and Goodell, H., 1968, The geochronology of foraminiferal ooze deposits in the \"Southern Ocean\": Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 4, no. 5, p. 368-374, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(68)90065-4.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"368","endPage":"374","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292404,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292402,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(68)90065-4"}],"otherGeospatial":"Drake Passage","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -170.0,-75.0 ], [ -170.0,-50.0 ], [ -20.0,-50.0 ], [ -20.0,-75.0 ], [ -170.0,-75.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"4","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25ff3e4b0333418718976","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holmes, Charles W.","contributorId":31071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":498535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Osmond, J.K.","contributorId":78467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osmond","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goodell, H.G.","contributorId":53300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodell","given":"H.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70221389,"text":"70221389 - 1968 - The relationship between specific capacity and aquifer transmissibility in the Houston Area, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-14T12:28:08.220514","indexId":"70221389","displayToPublicDate":"1968-07-01T07:23:43","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relationship between specific capacity and aquifer transmissibility in the Houston Area, Texas","docAbstract":"Water well drillers gather information essential to recovery tests as part of normal procedure. Added effort could yield additional valuable information. More care in measurement of water levels both before and after a period of pumping can be used with ground‐water formulae to determine approximate well efficiency. A relationship exists between the ability of an aquifer to perform (transmissibility) and the specific capacity of a well. By means of pumping tests, both transmissibility and specific capacity may be measured. The theoretical specific capacity can be obtained based on the measured transmissibility. Well efficiency may be estimated from a comparison between measured specific capacity and theoretical specific capacity. Tests of wells owned by the City of Houston, Texas, were selected for analysis. Test results were compared with curves showing theoretical relationships. From the comparison, wells in the Houston area are not completely developed. It may not be economical to develop a well to 100 percent efficiency, but theoretical relationships should be used in well development.
","language":"English","publisher":"NGWA The Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01651.x","usgsCitation":"Gabrysch, R., 1968, The relationship between specific capacity and aquifer transmissibility in the Houston Area, Texas: Groundwater, v. 6, no. 4, p. 9-14, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01651.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386454,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Houston","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.8447265625,\n 29.53522956294847\n ],\n [\n -94.81201171875,\n 29.53522956294847\n ],\n [\n -94.81201171875,\n 30.06909396443887\n ],\n [\n -95.8447265625,\n 30.06909396443887\n ],\n [\n -95.8447265625,\n 29.53522956294847\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gabrysch, R.K.","contributorId":105691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gabrysch","given":"R.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221387,"text":"70221387 - 1968 - Estimating cost of ground‐water withdrawal for river basin planning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-14T12:15:51.598564","indexId":"70221387","displayToPublicDate":"1968-07-01T07:09:27","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating cost of ground‐water withdrawal for river basin planning","docAbstract":"Comparative costs of ground water were needed for comprehensive planning of water resources development in the Susquehanna River basin in order to appraise the feasibility of alternative sources of water supply. Log‐normal plots on logarithmic‐probability paper that represented specific capacities adjusted to 180 days of pumping were used to estimate well yields and costs of obtaining the ground water from each of 65 potential aquifers. The 25, 50, and 75 percent probability of occurrence of the specific capacities of successful wells were used in the calculations. The estimated well yields at these probabilities of occurrence were obtained using hypothetical well designs and selected drawdowns. Ground‐water costs for the estimated or design yields were calculated using amortized costs of well construction, electrical power costs, and maintenance costs, all obtained from standard sources. The calculated well yields and costs for the 25 to 75 percent probability interval range from 15 to 9,000 gpm (gallons per minute) and from $0.004 to $0.11 per thousand gallons of design yield. The yields and costs group according to aquifer rock type. The calculated costs decrease with increasing well yield and the available yield depends upon the aquifer rock type available. Representative costs per thousand gallons of design yield for selected yields from aquifers composed of different rock types analyzed are: 50 gpm −$0.060 for shale and interbedded sandstone and shale, and $0.050 for metamorphic rock; 100 gpm ‐ $0.043 or shale and interbedded sandstone and shale, $0.037 for metamorphic rock, and $0.032 for carbonate rock; 500 gpm—$0.020 for sandstone, $0.015 for carbonate rock, and $0.012 for glacial sand and gravel; and 1,000 gpm —$0.009 for glacial sand and gravel. Differences in cost to obtain the same yield from different rock types are primarily due to differences in electrical power costs as determined by differences in pumping water levels. If used with caution, the generalized yield and cost estimates for aquifer rock types may have usefulness in estimating ground‐water costs and yields in similar humid areas. They are primarily useful for planning and comparative purposes, but not for the actual design of engineering projects.
","language":"English","publisher":"NGWA The Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01652.x","usgsCitation":"Hollyday, E.F., and Seaber, P.R., 1968, Estimating cost of ground‐water withdrawal for river basin planning: Groundwater, v. 6, no. 4, p. 15-23, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1968.tb01652.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386452,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hollyday, Este F.","contributorId":27089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollyday","given":"Este","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seaber, Paul R.","contributorId":67492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seaber","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1013849,"text":"1013849 - 1968 - Fish furunculosis, 1952-1966","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-14T19:27:49.582221","indexId":"1013849","displayToPublicDate":"1968-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fish furunculosis, 1952-1966","docAbstract":"A review is made of the furunculosis literature based on a bibliography of papers published from 1952–1966. It is noted that furunculosis is still a serious problem. Rapid diagnostic procedures have been developed. New therapeutic drugs have been introduced for treatment of sulfa resistant strains of A. salmonicida. Genetic resistance to and oral immunization against furunculosis show promise but require further study.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1968)97[221:FF]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Herman, R.L., 1968, Fish furunculosis, 1952-1966: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 97, no. 3, p. 221-230, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1968)97[221:FF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"230","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131510,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f008e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herman, R. L.","contributorId":21101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1003266,"text":"1003266 - 1968 - Observations on handling and maintenance of bioassay fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-04T15:42:06.70972","indexId":"1003266","displayToPublicDate":"1968-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observations on handling and maintenance of bioassay fish","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1968)30[164:OOTHAM]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hunn, J.B., Schoettger, R.A., and Whealdon, E.W., 1968, Observations on handling and maintenance of bioassay fish: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 30, no. 3, p. 164-167, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1968)30[164:OOTHAM]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"164","endPage":"167","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131429,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696466","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunn, Joseph B.","contributorId":52109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunn","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoettger, Richard A.","contributorId":6801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoettger","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whealdon, Everett W.","contributorId":36087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whealdon","given":"Everett","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70206901,"text":"70206901 - 1968 - Submarine encrustation of a Byzantine nail","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-26T11:31:17","indexId":"70206901","displayToPublicDate":"1968-06-30T11:25:13","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Submarine encrustation of a Byzantine nail","docAbstract":"Virtually all iron objects recovered from a 7th century Byzantine shipwreck off the coast of Turkey were encrusted with a carbonate-rich layer. Mineralogical and chemical examination reveals limonite, siderite, and aragonite as dominant authigenic phases. The encrustations can be explained by oxidation (corrosion) of the metal in sea water. Analogous processes are suggested for many concretions formed around metallic nuclei in sea water.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geological Institute","doi":"10.1306/74D71AC3-2B21-11D7-8648000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Milliman, J.D., and Manheim, F.T., 1968, Submarine encrustation of a Byzantine nail: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 38, no. 3, p. 950-953, https://doi.org/10.1306/74D71AC3-2B21-11D7-8648000102C1865D.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"950","endPage":"953","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Turkey","otherGeospatial":"Yassi Ada Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 28.979530334472656,\n 40.836281544456924\n ],\n [\n 29.03051376342773,\n 40.836281544456924\n ],\n [\n 29.03051376342773,\n 40.877309579848756\n ],\n [\n 28.979530334472656,\n 40.877309579848756\n ],\n [\n 28.979530334472656,\n 40.836281544456924\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milliman, John D.","contributorId":213518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milliman","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":38770,"text":"College of William and Mary, Virginia Institute of Marine Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manheim, Frank T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":20770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70206899,"text":"70206899 - 1968 - Disposable syringe techniques for obtaining small quantities of pore water from unconsolidated sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-26T11:07:32","indexId":"70206899","displayToPublicDate":"1968-06-30T11:03:48","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Disposable syringe techniques for obtaining small quantities of pore water from unconsolidated sediments","docAbstract":"Disposable plastic syringes, fitted with screen discs and circles of filter paper, can be used to extract small amounts of pore water from unconsolidated sediments. A wooden screw frame or large C clamp supplies pressure for field use. Supplementary techniques enable small volumes of fluid to be recovered and handled easily. The Goldberg compensating refractometer provides a useful companion tool for field studies. It can determine, in less than a minute, total dissolved solids in brackish to salt waters to an accuracy of 0.5 parts per thousand on a drop of fluid.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geological Institute","doi":"10.1306/74D71A23-2B21-11D7-8648000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Manheim, F., 1968, Disposable syringe techniques for obtaining small quantities of pore water from unconsolidated sediments: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 38, no. 2, p. 666-668, https://doi.org/10.1306/74D71A23-2B21-11D7-8648000102C1865D.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"666","endPage":"668","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369637,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manheim, F.T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":55421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"F.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011508,"text":"70011508 - 1968 - Oxygen-isotope analysis of recent tropical Pacific benthonic foraminifera","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-05T21:18:31.347235","indexId":"70011508","displayToPublicDate":"1968-06-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oxygen-isotope analysis of recent tropical Pacific benthonic foraminifera","docAbstract":"Analysis by the oxygen-isotope method of samples of benthonic Foraminifera, collected at different depths on the continental shelf and slope off western Central America, yielded isotopic temperatures agreeing closely with the temperatures measured in the field. The validity of the oxygen-isotope method as a means of analysis of paleotemperatures is further supported.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.160.3834.1335","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Smith, P., and Emiliani, C., 1968, Oxygen-isotope analysis of recent tropical Pacific benthonic foraminifera: Science, v. 160, no. 3834, p. 1335-1336, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.160.3834.1335.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1335","endPage":"1336","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221295,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"western Central America","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.41182424626915,\n 14.82913780280282\n ],\n [\n -86.07357892710073,\n 9.243478609335604\n ],\n [\n -79.65317616023428,\n 6.024833813329749\n ],\n [\n -77.61730392424118,\n 7.540687005526706\n ],\n [\n -91.61021056117052,\n 16.33298436941095\n ],\n [\n -92.41182424626915,\n 14.82913780280282\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"160","issue":"3834","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a72bee4b0c8380cd76c97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, P.B.","contributorId":83189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Emiliani, C.","contributorId":41139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emiliani","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5220086,"text":"5220086 - 1968 - Distribution of DDT residues in tissues of birds in relation to mortality, body condition, and time","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-16T06:43:22","indexId":"5220086","displayToPublicDate":"1968-06-16T12:18:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1984,"text":"Industrial Medicine and Surgery","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution of DDT residues in tissues of birds in relation to mortality, body condition, and time","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Stickel, L., and Stickel, W.H., 1968, Distribution of DDT residues in tissues of birds in relation to mortality, body condition, and time: Industrial Medicine and Surgery, v. 38, no. 3, p. 44-53.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"44","endPage":"53","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193946,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64957d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stickel, L.F.","contributorId":41095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stickel","given":"L.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stickel, W. H.","contributorId":23239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stickel","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70226796,"text":"70226796 - 1968 - Television observations from Surveyor 3","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-13T20:41:21.912777","indexId":"70226796","displayToPublicDate":"1968-06-15T14:33:18","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Television observations from Surveyor 3","docAbstract":"A total of 6315 pictures were taken by the television camera on Surveyor 3 after the lunar landing. These pictures have provided much new information about the location of the landing site on the moon, the detailed topographic and geologic characteristics of the lunar surface, and the appearance of the earth as seen from the moon, both during eclipse of the sun and during partial direct illumination by the sun. Surveyor 3 landed in a subdued crater slightly more than 200 meters in diameter, which has a low rounded rim and is about 15 meters deep. The spacecraft is situated on the east wall of the crater, about half way between the center of the crater and the rim crest. The spacecraft is inclined 14.7° ± 1.0° toward the west. The selenographic coordinates of the landing site are 2.94°S latitude, 23.34°W longitude, relative to selenodetic control adopted by the Aeronautical Chart and Information Center.
Small morphologic elements of the landing site include small craters, linear ridges and troughs, and fragmental debris. The craters and fragmental debris resemble those observed at the Surveyor 1 landing site, both in distribution of shape and in distribution of size. Most of the craters in Surveyor 1 and 3 pictures are inferred to be of impact origin. Their size-frequency distribution corresponds to the distribution that would be produced by repetitive bombardment by meteoroids, a bombardment sufficiently prolonged that the crater population has reached a steady state or has come to equilibrium. Some of the craters observed at the Surveyor 3 landing site are inferred to be of secondary impact origin, and some probably have been formed either by subsidence or by drainage of fragmental debris into cracks or fissures in the subsurface. Fragmental debris at the landing site is inferred to have been derived primarily by the same process of repetitive bombardment that produced the majority of craters. The inferred volumetric size-frequency distribution of fragments, derived from the observed size distribution of fragments on the surface, is similar to the distribution that would be produced by repetitive bombardment of coherent rocks by meteoroids with a mass-frequency distribution like that found from observed meteors and recovered meteorites on earth. Two prominent strewn fields of blocky debris were observed around two craters, 13 and 15 meters across, at the Surveyor 3 site. The 13-meter crater has a sharp raised rim, and the 15-meter crater has a more subdued rounded rim. The blocks associated with the subdued crater have twice as high a mean roundness as the blocks associated with the raised-rim crater, and they are much more deeply buried. The size-frequency distribution function for the fragments in each of the strewn fields of blocks resembles the size-frequency distribution for fragments ejected by impacts in strong rock, such as Meteor Crater, Arizona. Most of the fragments at the surface of the Surveyor 3 landing site are evidently part of a layer of fragmental material of low cohesion that is at least 1 meter thick along the upper parts of the wall of the crater in which Surveyor 3 landed and may be much thicker near the center of the crater. The evidence from the Surveyor 3 pictures suggests that this layer of debris, or regolith, is subject to downslope creep or mass movement. Creep is probably caused by seismic shaking, due mainly to near and far impact events and perhaps due partly to internal lunar seismicity.
Disturbances of the lunar surface produced by Surveyor 3, like those produced by Surveyor 1, exposed material at depths of a few centimeters or less that was darker than the material at the surface. The albedo of the fine-grained fragmental debris is probably 20 to 30% lower at depths of only a fraction of a millimeter than it is at the optically observed surface. All coarse fragments protruding above the general level of the surface have a higher albedo than the fine-grained matrix of the surface. These general photometric relationships can be explained if it is assumed that the surfaces of the particles in the shallow lunar subsurface tend to become coated with a dark substance; the term proposed for this hypothetical substance is ‘lunar varnish’ On the protruding surface of blocks and coarse fragments the lunar varnish is scrubbed off by the processes that cause rounding. The exposed surfaces of fine particles on the lunar surface are similarly affected, but, because they are mixed relatively rapidly with particles just beneath the surface, the process is incomplete and the fine-grained material exposed at the lunar surface, therefore, has a lower albedo than blocks and other large fragments. Coating of particles by lunar varnish evidently takes place just beneath the surface. The estimated normal luminance factor (normal albedo) of an undisturbed part of the lunar surface next to footpad 2 of the Surveyor 3 spacecraft is 8.5%. An area of the lunar surface disturbed by the surface sampler has an estimated normal luminance factor of 6.6%, and fine-grained material placed on footpad 2 by the surface sampler has an estimated normal luminance factor of 7.6%. The errors in all these estimates may be as high as 25% because of uncertainties of correction required for light scattered from the camera mirror. Preliminary search for color differences, by color reconstitution methods, revealed no determinable differences in color among various coarse blocks, the fine-grained matrix of the surface, or fine-grained material disturbed by the surface sampler.
Surveyor 3 pictures of the eclipse of the sun by the earth revealed a bright region in the refraction halo surrounding the earth, which was correlated with the position of the sun, and a series of bright beads that occurred over regions of the earth largely clear of clouds. Clouds tend to occult the refracted rays of the sun, most of which pass through the lower part of the atmosphere at the limb; the beads occurred in the depressions in the optical silhouette of the earth. Preliminary reduction of the color of the refracted light showed that the brightest region, near the position of the sun, exhibited a correlated color temperature close to 4800°K. The color temperature tended to be lower for light that followed paths of greater atmospheric absorption. Preliminary analysis of Surveyor 3 pictures of the partly illuminated earth revealed colors similar to the colors recorded from orbit by the Mercury and Gemini astronauts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","doi":"10.1029/JB073i012p03989","usgsCitation":"Shoemaker, E.M., Batson, R.M., Holt, H.E., Morris, E.C., Rennilson, J.J., and Whitaker, E.A., 1968, Television observations from Surveyor 3: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 73, no. 12, p. 3989-4043, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB073i012p03989.","productDescription":"55 p.","startPage":"3989","endPage":"4043","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392820,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Moon","volume":"73","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shoemaker, Eugene Merle","contributorId":20342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoemaker","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"Merle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":828303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Batson, R. M.","contributorId":76714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":828304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holt, H. E.","contributorId":64694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holt","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":828305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morris, E. C.","contributorId":84381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":828306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rennilson, J. J.","contributorId":107336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rennilson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":828307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Whitaker, E. A.","contributorId":43086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitaker","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":828308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70226795,"text":"70226795 - 1968 - Lunar theory and processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-13T20:15:47.099386","indexId":"70226795","displayToPublicDate":"1968-06-15T13:58:10","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lunar theory and processes","docAbstract":"Despite the fact that the Surveyor 3 landed in a crater, the general appearance of the terrain is remarkably similar to that revealed by Surveyor 1. Evidence of the transport of material down the crater wall was observed. Some picture degradation occurred, apparently as a result of fine particulate lunar surface material being deposited on the TV system mirror during the unusual landing.
Submarine pillow basalts from Kilauea Volcano contain excess radiogenic argon-40 and give anomalously high potassium-argon ages. Glassy rims of pillows show a systematic increase in radiogenic argon-40 with depth, and a pillow from a depth of 2590 meters shows a decrease in radiogenic argon-40 inward from the pillow rim. The data indicate that the amount of excess radiogenic argon-40 is a direct function of both hydrostatic pressure and rate of cooling, and that many submarine basalts are not suitable for potassium-argon dating.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.161.3846.1132","usgsCitation":"Dalrymple, G.B., and Moore, J.G., 1968, Argon-40: Excess in submarine pillow basalts from Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: Science, v. 161, no. 3846, p. 1132-1135, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.161.3846.1132.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1132","endPage":"1135","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375368,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.30616760253906,\n 19.38370463414803\n ],\n [\n -155.22445678710938,\n 19.38370463414803\n ],\n [\n -155.22445678710938,\n 19.452348936859018\n ],\n [\n -155.30616760253906,\n 19.452348936859018\n ],\n [\n -155.30616760253906,\n 19.38370463414803\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"161","issue":"3846","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dalrymple, G. Brent","contributorId":55146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalrymple","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brent","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":790350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, James G. 0000-0002-7543-2401 jmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7543-2401","contributorId":2892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"James","email":"jmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70209025,"text":"70209025 - 1968 - Environments of generation of some base-metal ore deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-11T18:08:38","indexId":"70209025","displayToPublicDate":"1968-06-01T18:06:05","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environments of generation of some base-metal ore deposits","docAbstract":"The origin of the ore fluids, their dissolved constituents, the force that drives them, and the causes for deposition of their constituents are reviewed for five districts: Providencia, Mexico; Mississippi Valley (Pb-Zn); Salton Sea geothermal system; Red Sea geothermal system; Nonesuch Shale, Michigan. The compositions (chemical and isotopic) and temperatures, determined directly for brines and from fluid inclusions for ancient deposits, reveal significant differences between the Providencia deposit (close magmatic affiliations) and the others, in which connate water and constituents dissolved from country rock appear to be important. Deposits formed by complex processes, with multiple sources for materials, may well be more common than simple 'end-member' deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.63.4.301","usgsCitation":"White, D.E., 1968, Environments of generation of some base-metal ore deposits: Economic Geology, v. 63, no. 4, p. 301-335, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.63.4.301.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"335","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373146,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1968-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Donald E.","contributorId":76787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":784573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70209024,"text":"70209024 - 1968 - Hypogene veins of gibbsite, pyrolusite, and lithiophorite in Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-11T18:04:54","indexId":"70209024","displayToPublicDate":"1968-06-01T18:01:38","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hypogene veins of gibbsite, pyrolusite, and lithiophorite in Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"Gibbsite, lithiophorite, pyrolusite, and goethite, plus discrete mixtures of gibbsite and lithiophorite and of gibbsite and iron oxide, occur as replacement veins in limestone. Minor accessories are barite, alunite, opal. Minerals of wall-rock alteration are garnet, idocrase, K-feldspar, prehnite, sericite, and quartz. These silicates formed at higher temperature than the vein minerals, but the whole sequence is considered to be a product of the same solutions, of deep-seated origin, deposited over a long period of time.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.63.4.360","usgsCitation":"Hewett, D.F., Cornwall, H.R., and Erd, R.C., 1968, Hypogene veins of gibbsite, pyrolusite, and lithiophorite in Nye County, Nevada: Economic Geology, v. 63, no. 4, p. 360-371, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.63.4.360.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"360","endPage":"371","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373145,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-115.9082,39.1615],[-115.5191,38.9578],[-115.4725,38.9325],[-115.4433,38.9162],[-115.3694,38.8769],[-115.363,38.874],[-115.242,38.8093],[-115.0969,38.7309],[-115.0777,38.721],[-115.0604,38.7107],[-115.0291,38.6937],[-114.999,38.6777],[-114.9996,38.592],[-114.9997,38.4315],[-114.9994,38.3894],[-115.0004,38.0507],[-115.1185,38.0508],[-115.1436,38.0508],[-115.326,38.0515],[-115.3453,38.0514],[-115.4003,38.051],[-115.4587,38.0506],[-115.6394,38.0512],[-115.6581,38.051],[-115.8404,38.0504],[-115.8931,38.0507],[-115.8938,37.723],[-115.8969,37.5498],[-115.8975,37.2796],[-115.8982,37.1926],[-115.8942,36.8425],[-115.8941,36.686],[-115.8945,36.6702],[-115.8949,36.598],[-115.8949,36.5962],[-115.8946,36.5858],[-115.8947,36.5005],[-115.8945,36.4806],[-115.8949,36.462],[-115.8944,36.457],[-115.8948,36.3087],[-115.8945,36.2923],[-115.8943,36.1957],[-115.8945,36.1608],[-115.8948,36.1163],[-115.8948,36.0927],[-115.895,36.0015],[-115.9178,36.0192],[-115.9518,36.0457],[-115.9925,36.0773],[-116.049,36.1211],[-116.0624,36.1314],[-116.1039,36.1636],[-116.1287,36.1829],[-116.1702,36.2152],[-116.173,36.2174],[-116.2311,36.2626],[-116.2834,36.3028],[-116.2954,36.3122],[-116.3752,36.373],[-116.5107,36.4764],[-116.5247,36.4871],[-116.5589,36.5131],[-116.574,36.5245],[-116.5946,36.54],[-116.6556,36.5867],[-116.6583,36.5888],[-116.6764,36.6024],[-116.706,36.6248],[-116.7895,36.6877],[-116.8424,36.7276],[-116.8453,36.7298],[-116.8806,36.7568],[-116.8912,36.7648],[-116.9237,36.7891],[-116.9641,36.8193],[-116.9783,36.8299],[-116.981,36.8319],[-117.0046,36.8495],[-117.164,36.9688],[-117.1639,36.9698],[-117.1637,37.0182],[-117.164,37.0894],[-117.1642,37.171],[-117.1641,37.1909],[-117.1641,37.1936],[-117.1665,37.6995],[-117.1664,37.714],[-117.1663,37.7285],[-117.1663,37.7435],[-117.1662,37.7585],[-117.1657,38.0019],[-117.2198,38.0482],[-117.2397,38.0483],[-117.239,38.0641],[-117.2408,38.0705],[-117.2653,38.0932],[-117.6896,38.4731],[-118.0197,38.7599],[-118.197,38.9154],[-118.1972,38.9993],[-117.8559,39.0746],[-117.7748,39.092],[-117.7008,39.1058],[-117.6409,39.1149],[-117.5946,39.1231],[-117.4742,39.1431],[-117.3823,39.1562],[-117.3609,39.1585],[-117.3318,39.1629],[-117.3063,39.1634],[-117.2849,39.1633],[-117.1995,39.1632],[-117.0856,39.1628],[-117.0322,39.1626],[-117.0144,39.1626],[-116.9871,39.1625],[-116.9158,39.1631],[-116.7562,39.1622],[-116.7301,39.1625],[-116.5996,39.1616],[-116.5859,39.162],[-116.4815,39.1616],[-116.3497,39.1618],[-116.2358,39.1616],[-116.0548,39.1624],[-115.9082,39.1615]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Nye\",\"state\":\"NV\"}}]}","volume":"63","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1968-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hewett, Donnel Foster","contributorId":63872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hewett","given":"Donnel","email":"","middleInitial":"Foster","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":784570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cornwall, Henry Rowland","contributorId":68304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornwall","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"Rowland","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":784571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Erd, Richard C.","contributorId":89899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erd","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":784572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70221372,"text":"70221372 - 1968 - Environment of ore deposition at the Mex-Tex deposits, Hansonburg District, New Mexico, from studies of fluid inclusions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-14T12:09:43.497397","indexId":"70221372","displayToPublicDate":"1968-06-01T11:30:19","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environment of ore deposition at the Mex-Tex deposits, Hansonburg District, New Mexico, from studies of fluid inclusions","docAbstract":"These deposits, in Pennsylvanian limestone and shale, contain barite, fluorite, low-silver galena with \"J-type\" lead, and quartz, and only minor amounts of other minerals. Mineralization occurs in veins, in blankets of bedded, rhythmically banded \"coontail\" ore, and in vuggy, coarsely crystalline open-space fillings in tectonic and solution channels in limestone adjacent to faults. Except for widespread silicification, the mineralization is very similar to that of the southern Illinois deposits. The main stages of hypogene mineralization are: 1) sphalerite, pyrite, galena and chalcopyrite; 2) five easily recognizable substages of fluorite with intermittent quartz and barite; and 3) late calcite.More than 500 primary and 2,500 pseudosecondary inclusions, mainly from fluorite, were studied on the freezing and heating microscope stages. Some primary inclusions contain organic matter. Gross supercooling indicates slow ore-fluid movement. Recognizable planes of pseudo-secondaries (each containing 20-200 inclusions) yield data essentially identical with coeval primaries, but the few planes of presumed secondaries do not.The first three substages of fluorite formed from fluids that were essentially constant in temperature at 186°-205° C (assumed pressure correction +10° C), but increased in salinity from aproximately 10 up to 15 weight percent salts. Succeeding substages formed at gradually decreasing temperatures (to about 140° C) and increasing salinity (maximum 17%), with breaks marking several individual substages. A few inclusions in an early barite have anomalously low homogenization temperatures. Coarse selenite has primary inclusions full of fresh water and hence is presumed to be supergene.These data do not prove any given theory or origin for the fluids or the deposits, but they do place some limits on possible mechanisms of origin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.63.4.336","usgsCitation":"Roedder, E., Heyl, A.V., and Creel, J., 1968, Environment of ore deposition at the Mex-Tex deposits, Hansonburg District, New Mexico, from studies of fluid inclusions: Economic Geology, v. 63, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.63.4.336.","productDescription":"13 p.","endPage":"336","numberOfPages":"348","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386435,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.0283203125,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -109.1162109375,\n 31.39115752282472\n ],\n [\n -108.25927734375,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -108.19335937499999,\n 31.82156451492074\n ],\n [\n -103.0517578125,\n 32.02670629333614\n ],\n [\n -103.0517578125,\n 36.94989178681327\n ],\n [\n -109.0283203125,\n 37.00255267215955\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"63","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1968-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roedder, E.","contributorId":100986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roedder","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heyl, A. V.","contributorId":70032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heyl","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Creel, J.P.","contributorId":260173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Creel","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70221371,"text":"70221371 - 1968 - The synthesis of ferroselite from an aqueous solution at low temperature","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-11T16:29:16.4881","indexId":"70221371","displayToPublicDate":"1968-06-01T11:26:44","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The synthesis of ferroselite from an aqueous solution at low temperature","docAbstract":"Ferroselite, FeSe 2, is commonly associated with sandstone-type uranium deposits. Although it has been previously synthesized, the conditions of synthesis were not applicable to the natural system, and the literature did not provide any information on the formation of natural ferroselite. The U. S. Geological Survey's Ambrosia Lake study, however, was concerned with the formation of ferroselite under more natural conditions. Thus, in this work, the synthesis of ferroselite was restricted to conditions more nearly approaching the conditions of the formation of sandstone-type uranium deposits-a low temperature and an aqueous environment. A solution of sodium seleno-sulfate, Na 2SSeO 3, stood in contact with freshly precipitated iron sulfide, FeS, for 10 days under an inert atmosphere at 80° C. The final product was identified by its diffraction pattern and consisted of FeSe 2 mixed with about 10 percent FeS.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.63.4.418","usgsCitation":"Warren, C.G., 1968, The synthesis of ferroselite from an aqueous solution at low temperature: Economic Geology, v. 63, no. 4, p. 418-419, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.63.4.418.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"418","endPage":"419","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386434,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1968-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warren, C. G.","contributorId":41427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221370,"text":"70221370 - 1968 - Use of mercurous chloride to recover trace amounts of gold from waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-11T16:25:54.837488","indexId":"70221370","displayToPublicDate":"1968-06-01T11:21:42","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of mercurous chloride to recover trace amounts of gold from waters","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.63.4.420","usgsCitation":"Jenne, E., Chao, T.T., and Heppting, L., 1968, Use of mercurous chloride to recover trace amounts of gold from waters: Economic Geology, v. 63, no. 4, p. 420-421, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.63.4.420.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"420","endPage":"421","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386433,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1968-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenne, E. A.","contributorId":45716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenne","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chao, T. T.","contributorId":31900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chao","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heppting, L.M.","contributorId":260172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heppting","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70221391,"text":"70221391 - 1968 - Reforestation with conifers-its effect on streamflow in central New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-14T12:39:25.123987","indexId":"70221391","displayToPublicDate":"1968-06-01T07:35:29","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2126,"text":"JAWRA","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reforestation with conifers-its effect on streamflow in central New York","docAbstract":"During the early 1930's, more than 340,000 acres of abandoned farmland in New York State were purchased by the State Conservation Department for the planting, growing, and harvesting of trees. Since then, this land has developed from a heavy cover of weeds and brush into dense coniferous woodlands with trees averaging well over 30 feet high. Hydrologic data have been collected since 1932 in Central New York to determine the effect of the reforestation on streamflow. Data are available for three small partly reforested areas and for one non‐reforested control area. Intensive statistical analyses of the data from the four study areas were made in 1958. It was determined at that time that significant reductions in total runoff had occurred which were attributed to increases in interception and transpiration. Reductions in peak discharges during the dormant season also were indicated which were attributed to increased interception and sublimation of snowfall, and gradual desynchronization of snowmelt runoff from the wooded and open areas of partly reforested watersheds. Updating of the studies relating to peak discharges was completed in 1967 and indicated that no further changes in relative peaks had taken place since 1958. From this it is concluded that the influence exerted by the forest had become maximum by 1958 and has remained stable since then.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1968.tb02932.x","usgsCitation":"Ayer, G.R., 1968, Reforestation with conifers-its effect on streamflow in central New York: JAWRA, v. 4, no. 2, p. 13-24, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1968.tb02932.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386458,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"central New York","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.9697265625,\n 42.342305278572816\n ],\n [\n -73.54248046875,\n 42.342305278572816\n ],\n [\n -73.54248046875,\n 43.51668853502906\n ],\n [\n -78.9697265625,\n 43.51668853502906\n ],\n [\n -78.9697265625,\n 42.342305278572816\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ayer, Gordon Roundy","contributorId":52950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayer","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"Roundy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221390,"text":"70221390 - 1968 - Announcing fourth American water resources conference","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-14T12:34:12.144688","indexId":"70221390","displayToPublicDate":"1968-06-01T07:31:26","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2126,"text":"JAWRA","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Announcing fourth American water resources conference","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Blackwell","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1968.tb02931.x","usgsCitation":"Cohen, P., 1968, Announcing fourth American water resources conference: JAWRA, v. 4, no. 2, p. 10-12, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1968.tb02931.x.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386457,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cohen, Philip","contributorId":61576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"Philip","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011530,"text":"70011530 - 1968 - Submarine trenches and deformation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-06T15:37:30.273936","indexId":"70011530","displayToPublicDate":"1968-05-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Submarine trenches and deformation","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.160.3831.1024.a","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Elsasser, W., von Huene, R.E., Scholl, D., and Ridlon, J., 1968, Submarine trenches and deformation: Science, v. 160, no. 3831, p. 1024-1024, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.160.3831.1024.a.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"1024","endPage":"1024","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221759,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"160","issue":"3831","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9d39e4b08c986b31d6f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elsasser, W.M.","contributorId":41967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elsasser","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"von Huene, Roland E. 0000-0003-1301-3866 rvonhuene@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1301-3866","contributorId":191070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"von Huene","given":"Roland","email":"rvonhuene@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7065,"text":"USGS emeritus","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":361332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scholl, D.W.","contributorId":106461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ridlon, J.B.","contributorId":101804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridlon","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70209035,"text":"70209035 - 1968 - Tectonic emplacement of the Burro Mountain ultramafic body, Santa Lucia Range, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-11T19:06:20","indexId":"70209035","displayToPublicDate":"1968-05-01T18:58:17","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectonic emplacement of the Burro Mountain ultramafic body, Santa Lucia Range, California","docAbstract":"The Burro Mountain body is a crudely equidimensional block of unusually fresh ultramafic rock. This block, along with numerous smaller and more elongate serpentinite bodies, has been emplaced in a highly sheared Franciscan terrane immediately west of the Nacimiento fault. This fault separates two major structural units: (1) on the east, a 40- by 300-mile block with basement of granitic rock, schists and gneisses, and (2) on the west, a 10- by 100-mile tract of Franciscan Formation.
Within the Burro Mountain body the primary rock types and their approximate percentages are: peridotite (65), dunite (35), and pseudopyroxenite (<1). Variations among these lithologic types produce a well-defined internal structure, the two major elements of which are: (1) pervasive compositional layering whose attitude throughout the body varies little from N. 5° W., 80° E., and (2) superimposed discordant structures which may cut the earlier layering at any angle. The first set is thought to have been formed by metamorphic differentiation associated with internal deformation, the second set by metasomatic replacement, possibly a succeeding phase of the earlier metamorphic differentiation.
Serpentinization is nearly complete at the margins but progressively decreases toward the center of the body. Contact metasomatism, related to Serpentinization, is responsible for the sporadic presence of rodingites around the margins. An arm-like extension of the main body and linear trains of serpentinite bodies extending for miles parallel to the regional structure may represent previous marginal material sheared out during emplacement. The tectonic nature of the emplacement is demonstrated by the discordance of internal versus regional structure, discrepancy of metamorphic grade between ultramafic and country rock, extreme marginal shearing, lack of igneous contacts, and association with other tectonic inclusions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1968)79[527:TEOTBM]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Burch, S.H., 1968, Tectonic emplacement of the Burro Mountain ultramafic body, Santa Lucia Range, California: GSA Bulletin, v. 79, no. 5, p. 527-544, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1968)79[527:TEOTBM]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"527","endPage":"544","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373156,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Burro Mountain, Santa Lucia Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.30313873291016,\n 35.83743752447774\n ],\n [\n -121.24048233032227,\n 35.83743752447774\n ],\n [\n -121.24048233032227,\n 35.88571227867025\n ],\n [\n -121.30313873291016,\n 35.88571227867025\n ],\n [\n -121.30313873291016,\n 35.83743752447774\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burch, Stephen H.","contributorId":19150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burch","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":784596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221426,"text":"70221426 - 1968 - Gneissic amphibolite at Las Palmas, Puerto Rico, and its significance in the early history of the greater antilles island arc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-15T16:11:24.106752","indexId":"70221426","displayToPublicDate":"1968-05-01T11:07:21","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gneissic amphibolite at Las Palmas, Puerto Rico, and its significance in the early history of the greater antilles island arc","docAbstract":"The basal complex of Puerto Rico consists principally of serpentinite, minor amounts of chert and spilite, and locally small blocks of amphibolite. A detailed structural and metamorphic study of a relatively large block of gneissic amphibolite at Las Palmas reveals that the rock has undergone repeated deformation and regional metamorphism prior to contact metamorphism by intrusive serpentinite. The first event recorded by the amphibolite is amphibolite facies regional metamorphism. Foliation and some hornblende lineation were formed at this time. An increase in the intensity of regional metamorphism then produced quartzo-feldspathic segregations from the host rock, and was accompanied by small-scale folding and development of several types of lineation oblique (o the early hornblende lineation. The metamorphic intensity then decreased slightly and tectonic movement radically decreased, as nonfoliated but metamorphosed mafic dikes cut the gneissic amphibolite. As the metamorphic grade decreased further, late-stage kink-bands were developed at high angles to the earlier small-scale folding. Later, the amphibolite was intruded by serpen-tinite, causing incipient low-grade contact metamorphism and some calcium metasomatism. H. H. Hess has maintained that Puerto Rico and other islands in the Greater Antilles rest directly on oceanic crust, and that the intrusive serpentinite is derived from the bottom layer of the crust. In the Las Palmas area, the amphibolite formed prior to intrusion of serpentinite, indicating a complex preserpentinite history. Three interpretations of the gneissic amphibolite are considered. It may represent: (1) metamorphosed gabbroic rocks genetically related to the serpentinite, (2) regionally metamorphosed mafic rocks that are part of the oceanic crust, or (3) older mafic rocks regionally metamorphosed as part of an extensive pre-Late Cretaceous orogeny. The evidence from Las Palmas is not conclusive, but when considered in the regional framework, either of the last two interpretations seems reasonable.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1968)79[557:GAALPP]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Tobisch, O., 1968, Gneissic amphibolite at Las Palmas, Puerto Rico, and its significance in the early history of the greater antilles island arc: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 79, no. 5, p. 557-574, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1968)79[557:GAALPP]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"557","endPage":"574","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386494,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.467041015625,\n 17.78007412664325\n ],\n [\n -65.21484375,\n 17.78007412664325\n ],\n [\n -65.21484375,\n 18.687878686034182\n ],\n [\n -67.467041015625,\n 18.687878686034182\n ],\n [\n -67.467041015625,\n 17.78007412664325\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tobisch, O. T.","contributorId":74756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tobisch","given":"O. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227018,"text":"70227018 - 1968 - Chapter 3: Television observations from Surveyor VII","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-27T15:53:37.120928","indexId":"70227018","displayToPublicDate":"1968-05-01T09:29:10","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Chapter 3: Television observations from Surveyor VII","docAbstract":"Surveyor VII, the last spacecraft of the Surveyor series, successfully landed at 01:05:36 GMT, January 10, 1968, on the outer rim flank of the large crater Tycho, in the southern part of the Moon. The spacecraft landed about 30 hours after local lunar sunrise and transmitted about 21,000 pictures during the remainder of the first lunar day of operation. On January 22, after local sunset, almost 700 pictures were taken of the Earth, the Sun's corona and parts of the lunar surface illuminated by earthlight. On February 12, Surveyor VII was revived for operation on the second lunar day approximately 120 hours after local lunar sunrise. The camera was then operated in the 200-line (low-resolution) mode because of loss in horizontal sweep in the 600-line (high-resolution) mode. About 45 pictures were taken in the 200-line mode during the second lunar day before loss of power caused suspension of camera operation.