![\"\"](\"http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-0016703768900665-si1.gif\" "\\"\\"")
, and ![\"\"](\"http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-0016703768900665-si2.gif\" "\\"\\"")
values for the KSO4− ion are −245.96 and −274.02 kcal mole−1, and S° is +42.3 cal mole−1 deg−1.No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1968)30[19:TBOBTW]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Bullock, G.L., 1968, The bacteriology of brook trout with tail rot: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 30, no. 1, p. 19-22, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1968)30[19:TBOBTW]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"22","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131461,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db6696ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bullock, Graham L.","contributorId":9323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullock","given":"Graham","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2013,"text":"wsp1839L - 1968 - Geology and ground-water resources of Fillmore County, Nebraska, with a section on chemical quality of the water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-02T20:09:09.399812","indexId":"wsp1839L","displayToPublicDate":"1968-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1839","chapter":"L","title":"Geology and ground-water resources of Fillmore County, Nebraska, with a section on chemical quality of the water","docAbstract":"Fillmore County, an area 24 miles square, lies in the eastern part of the Nebraska loess plain. Although tributaries of the Big Blue River have eroded valleys into this plain, much of the original surface is intact. Broad flats and numerous shallow undrained depressions characterize the plain. \r\n\r\nThe county is underlain by unconsolidated deposits of Quaternary age to depths ranging from about 80 to 450 feet. The upper part of this depositional sequence consists largely of wind-deposited clayey silt, and the lower part of stream-deposited sand and gravel. In part of the county, deposits of glacial till also are included. The Quaternary deposits mantle an eroded surface of marine-deposited strata of Cretaceous age. \r\n\r\nThe lower deposits of Quaternary age are saturated and constitute a highly productive aquifer throughout much of the county. The saturated zone ranges from about 20 to 350 feet in thickness. Replenishment to this aquifer, derived principally from precipitation, is believed to average about 1.4 inches per year. Because the quantity of ground water pumped per year exceeds the average annual quantity of recharge, some of the water used for irrigation is from storage. Consequently, water levels in wells .are declining. This trend is likely to continue. \r\n\r\nThe ground water is of the calcium bicarbonate type and is hard, but it is chemically suitable for irrigation use on most soils in the county.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp1839L","usgsCitation":"Keech, C.F., Dreeszen, V., and Petri, L.R., 1968, Geology and ground-water resources of Fillmore County, Nebraska, with a section on chemical quality of the water: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1839, Report: iv, 27 p.; 2 Plates: 45.81 x 36.50 inches and 37.00 x 16.49 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1839L.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 27 p.; 2 Plates: 45.81 x 36.50 inches and 37.00 x 16.49 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110026,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25053.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"25053"},{"id":27470,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1839l/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27471,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1839l/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":137581,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1839l/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27469,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1839l/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","county":"Fillmore County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-97.3685,40.699],[-97.3678,40.4376],[-97.3686,40.3514],[-97.4827,40.3506],[-97.8206,40.351],[-97.8236,40.3505],[-97.8246,40.4367],[-97.8256,40.5243],[-97.826,40.6105],[-97.8245,40.6985],[-97.7111,40.6983],[-97.3685,40.699]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Fillmore\",\"state\":\"NE\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685b6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keech, Charles Franklin","contributorId":44123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keech","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"Franklin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dreeszen, V. H.","contributorId":8825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dreeszen","given":"V. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Petri, L. R.","contributorId":48944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petri","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":887471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1014176,"text":"1014176 - 1968 - Report of the Fish Disease Committee of the American Fisheries Society for the year 1967-1968","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:31","indexId":"1014176","displayToPublicDate":"1968-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3304,"text":"Rivista Italiana Di Piscicoltura e Ittiopatologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Report of the Fish Disease Committee of the American Fisheries Society for the year 1967-1968","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rivista Italiana Di Piscicoltura e Ittiopatologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"195/FH","usgsCitation":"Snieszko, S.F., 1968, Report of the Fish Disease Committee of the American Fisheries Society for the year 1967-1968: Rivista Italiana Di Piscicoltura e Ittiopatologia, v. 11, no. 4, p. 75-79.","productDescription":"p. 75-79","startPage":"75","endPage":"79","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131630,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633c1c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snieszko, S. F.","contributorId":13169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snieszko","given":"S.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011591,"text":"70011591 - 1968 - Activity coefficients of aqueous sodium chloride from 15° to 50°C measured with a glass electrode","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-19T13:46:45","indexId":"70011591","displayToPublicDate":"1968-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Activity coefficients of aqueous sodium chloride from 15° to 50°C measured with a glass electrode","docAbstract":"Values of the mean activity coefficient of sodium chloride at 15°, 25°, 38° and 50°C were determined for aqueous NaCl solutions of 0.01 to 1.0 molal from electromotive force measurements on the cell: (sodium-sensitive glass electrode, aqueous sodium chloride, silver chloride-silver).
","largerWorkTitle":"Science","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.161.3844.884","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Truesdell, A., 1968, Activity coefficients of aqueous sodium chloride from 15° to 50°C measured with a glass electrode: Science, v. 161, no. 3844, p. 884-886, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.161.3844.884.","startPage":"884","endPage":"886","numberOfPages":"3","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221602,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"161","issue":"3844","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6cfe4b0c8380cd4763c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Truesdell, A.H.","contributorId":52566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Truesdell","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":361485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000363,"text":"1000363 - 1968 - Comparative embryology of five species of lampreys of the upper Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-06T22:33:08.516264","indexId":"1000363","displayToPublicDate":"1968-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative embryology of five species of lampreys of the upper Great Lakes","docAbstract":"The four species of lampreys native to the upper Great Lakes (American brook lamprey, Lampetra lamotteni; chestnut lamprey, Ichthyomyzon castaneus; northern brook lamprey, I. fossor; and silver lamprey, I. unicuspis) were collected in various stages of their life cycle and maintained in the laboratory until sexually mature. Secondary sex characters of the four native species are compared. Several batches of eggs of each species were reared at 18.4A?C and their development was compared to that of the exotic sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus. The temperature of 18.4A?C was previously determined to be optimum for development of the sea lamprey. The high percentage survival of many batches of eggs of native species to prolarvae indicated that 18.4A?C was near the optimum for them. Survival to the burrowing stage varied considerably among different batches of eggs from the same species; some batches failed to produce prolarvae. The staging characteristics used for the sea lamprey were applicable to the native species, except for the end point of the burrowing stage. Embryos of the native species in each stage of development appeared according to the time sequence established for the sea lamprey.","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists (ASIH)","doi":"10.2307/1442013","usgsCitation":"Smith, A.J., Howell, J.H., and Piavis, G.W., 1968, Comparative embryology of five species of lampreys of the upper Great Lakes: Copeia, v. 1968, no. 3, p. 461-469, https://doi.org/10.2307/1442013.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"461","endPage":"469","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132920,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1968","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae506","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Allen J.","contributorId":69937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howell, John H.","contributorId":39720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piavis, George W.","contributorId":63755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piavis","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1003267,"text":"1003267 - 1968 - Turnover and urinary excretion of free and acetylated MS-222 rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-13T21:28:15","indexId":"1003267","displayToPublicDate":"1968-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2543,"text":"Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Turnover and urinary excretion of free and acetylated MS-222 rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri","docAbstract":"Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) anesthetized in 100 mg/liter of M.S. 222 at 12 C excreted the drug in free and acetylated forms via the urine during a 24-hr recovery period in freshwater. Of the M.S. 222 excreted, 77-96% was acetylated. Blood levels of free drug in anesthetized trout approximated 75% of the anesthetic concentration, but the amount of acetylated M.S. 222 was relatively insignificant. The blood and urine were cleared of the two fractions of M.S. 222 in 8 and 24 hr respectively. Low levels of aromatic amines of natural origin occurred in blood and urine and were subtracted from measurements of M.S. 222. Intraperitoneal injections of 10-100 mg/kg of M.S. 222 did not induce anesthesia; however, the 24-hr pattern of drug excretion was similar to that observed after anesthesia by immersion. Only 15-21 % of the injected dose was found in the urine, suggesting a second route of drug elimination.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/f68-003","usgsCitation":"Hunn, J.B., Schoettger, R., and Willford, W., 1968, Turnover and urinary excretion of free and acetylated MS-222 rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri: Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, v. 25, no. 1, p. 25-31, https://doi.org/10.1139/f68-003.","productDescription":"pp. 25-31","startPage":"25","endPage":"31","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269313,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f68-003"},{"id":134256,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db69765d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunn, J. B.","contributorId":15133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunn","given":"J.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoettger, R.A.","contributorId":19519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoettger","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Willford, W. A.","contributorId":105256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willford","given":"W. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1000349,"text":"1000349 - 1968 - Movements of adult lake trout in Lake Superior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-18T13:49:34","indexId":"1000349","displayToPublicDate":"1968-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movements of adult lake trout in Lake Superior","docAbstract":"Returns from mature lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) tagged in western Lake Superior in 1959 and 1962-65 described here suggest that trout disperse widely from the spawning grounds after spawning and return in subsequent years. Although the data were not extensive, returns from lake trout tagged near Keweenaw Point in 1950 and off Marquette, Michigan, in 1952 suggested similar movement. Loftus stated that river-spawning lake trout of eastern Lake Superior returned annually to the same spawning streams. Movements of lake trout must be understood to manage and evaluate the rehabilitation of lake trout stocks in Lake Superior, especially when the trout move across interstate and international boundaries and are subject to different fishing regulations and fishing pressures.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1968)97[481:MOALTI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Rahrer, J.F., 1968, Movements of adult lake trout in Lake Superior: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 97, no. 4, p. 481-484, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1968)97[481:MOALTI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"481","endPage":"484","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128662,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b482d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rahrer, Jerold F.","contributorId":76679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rahrer","given":"Jerold","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1001616,"text":"1001616 - 1968 - Nesting baskets for ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-11T10:50:30","indexId":"1001616","displayToPublicDate":"1968-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2972,"text":"Outdoor American","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nesting baskets for ducks","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Outdoor American","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Doty, H.A., 1968, Nesting baskets for ducks: Outdoor American, v. 33, no. 10.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"4","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697c5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doty, Harold A.","contributorId":17565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doty","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1013736,"text":"1013736 - 1968 - In memoriam: Ralph Vanderwort Bangham, 1895-1966","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:20","indexId":"1013736","displayToPublicDate":"1968-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2414,"text":"Journal of Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In memoriam: Ralph Vanderwort Bangham, 1895-1966","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Parasitology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"192/FH","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, G.L., 1968, In memoriam: Ralph Vanderwort Bangham, 1895-1966: Journal of Parasitology, v. 54, no. 5.","productDescription":"974 p.","startPage":"974","numberOfPages":"974","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130038,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f5ae3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, G. L.","contributorId":70713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1014035,"text":"1014035 - 1968 - Tadpole edema virus: A viscerotropic pathogen for anuran amphibians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-10T14:59:12.53193","indexId":"1014035","displayToPublicDate":"1968-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2353,"text":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tadpole edema virus: A viscerotropic pathogen for anuran amphibians","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/infdis/118.3.253","usgsCitation":"Wolf, K., Bullock, G.L., Dunbar, C.E., and Quimby, M.C., 1968, Tadpole edema virus: A viscerotropic pathogen for anuran amphibians: Journal of Infectious Diseases, v. 118, p. 253-262, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/118.3.253.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"262","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129217,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"118","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adde4b07f02db686f90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolf, K.","contributorId":16344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolf","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bullock, G. 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1968 - Two female mallards incubating on one nest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-11T11:22:13","indexId":"1001557","displayToPublicDate":"1968-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Two female mallards incubating on one nest","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Duebbert, H., 1968, Two female mallards incubating on one nest: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 80, no. 1, p. 102-102.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"102","endPage":"102","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130505,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db623ab4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duebbert, Harold F.","contributorId":11544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duebbert","given":"Harold F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1001649,"text":"1001649 - 1968 - Specimen records of greater scaup","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-15T10:00:45","indexId":"1001649","displayToPublicDate":"1968-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3111,"text":"Prairie Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Specimen records of greater scaup","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Prairie Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Dane, C., and Duebbert, H., 1968, Specimen records of greater scaup: Prairie Naturalist, v. 1, no. 1.","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130424,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4b2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dane, C.W.","contributorId":95003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dane","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duebbert, Harold F.","contributorId":11544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duebbert","given":"Harold F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1007610,"text":"1007610 - 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","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es60014a005","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Slack, K.V., and Feltz, H., 1968, Tree leaf control on low flow water quality in a small Virginia stream: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 2, no. 2, p. 126-131, https://doi.org/10.1021/es60014a005.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"126","endPage":"131","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218806,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Quantico Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.34760827944903,\n 38.57279994132702\n ],\n [\n -77.34726858634457,\n 38.57261981740339\n ],\n [\n -77.34691140753456,\n 38.57289212803224\n ],\n [\n -77.34691140753456,\n 38.5731262796582\n ],\n [\n 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","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es60016a004","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Skougstad, M., and Scarbro, G., 1968, Water sample filtration unit: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 2, no. 4, p. 298-301, https://doi.org/10.1021/es60016a004.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"298","endPage":"301","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220909,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcc6fe4b08c986b32db42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skougstad, M. W.","contributorId":59418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skougstad","given":"M. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scarbro, G.F. Jr.","contributorId":96007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scarbro","given":"G.F.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011539,"text":"70011539 - 1968 - Measurement of geothermal flux through poorly consolidated sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-30T14:28:17.048845","indexId":"70011539","displayToPublicDate":"1968-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measurement of geothermal flux through poorly consolidated sediments","docAbstract":"In many regions, crystalline rocks are covered by hundreds of meters of unconsolidated and poorly consolidated sediments. Estimates of heat flux within these sediments using standard continental techniques (temperature and conductivity measurements at intervals of 10 to 30 meters) are unreliable, mainly because of the difficulty in obtaining and preserving representative lengths of core. However, it is sometimes feasible to use what amounts to an oceanographic technique by making closely spaced temperature and conductivity measurements within short cored intervals. This is demonstrated in a borehole at Menlo Park, California (37°27′N, 122°10′W, elevation 16 meters), where heat flows determined over 12 separate 1-meter intervls al lie within 10% of their mean value; 2.2 μcal/cm2 sec.
The electron probe X-ray microanalyzer has been used to determine the compositional variability of the groundmass minerals and glass in 10 specimens from a complete 225-foot section of the prehistoric tholeiitic lava lake of Makaopuhi Crater, Hawaii. The order of beginning of crystallization was: (1) chromite, (2) olivine, (3) augite, (4) plagioclase, (5) pigeonite, (6) iron-titanium oxides and orthopyroxene, (7) alkali feldspar and apatite, and (8) glass.
Although the lake is chemically tholeiitic throughout, the occurrence of ferromagnesian minerals is as though there were a gradation from alkali olivine basalt in the upper chill downwards to olivine tholeiite. Groundmass olivine decreases downwards and disappears at about 20 feet. Pigeonite is absent in the uppermost 5±2 feet, then increases in amount down to 20 feet, below which augite and pigeonite coexist in constant 2∶1 proportions. Strong zoning and metastable compositions characterize the pyroxenes of the chilled zones, but these features gradually disappear towards the interior of the lake to give way to equilibrium pyroxenes. Relatively homogeneous poikilitic orthopyroxene (≈ Ca4Mg70Fe26) occurs in the olivine cumulate zone, having formed partly at the expense of pre-existing olivine, augite, and pigeonite (≈ Ca8Mg66Fe26). The growth of orthopyroxene is believed to have been facilitated by the slower cooling rate and higher volatile pressure at depth, and by the rise in Mg/Fe ratio of the liquid due to the partial dissolution of settled olivine.
Unlike olivine and pyroxene, feldspar is least zoned in the upper and lower chilled regions. The greatest range of compositional zoning in feldspar occurs at 160 to 190 feet, where it extends continuously from Or1.0Ab22An77 to Or64Ab33An3. The feldspar fractionation trend in the An-Ab-Or triangle gradually shifts with depth toward more “equilibrium” trends, even though the zoning becomes more extreme. The variation with depth in the initial (core) composition of the plagioclase suggests the influence of either slow nucleation and growth (undercooling) or slow diffusion in the liquid, relative to the rate of cooling.
Idiomorphic opaque inclusions in olivine phenocrysts are chrome-spinels showing continuous variation from 60 percent chromite to 85 percent ulvospinel and to magnetite-rich spinel. A pre-eruption trend of increasing Al with decreasing Cr can be recognized in chromites from the upper chill. Most of the inclusions show a trend of falling Cr and Al, toward an ulvospinelmagnetite solid solution which is progressively poorer in Usp with depth. This trend was produced by solid state alteration of the chromite inclusions during cooling in the lava lake. Ilmenite (average Ilm91Hm9) coexists with variably oxidized titaniferous magnetite in the basalt groundmass. Estimated oxygen fugacities agree well with other independent determinations in tholeiitic basalt. No sulfide phase has been detected.
Fractional crystallization produced a groundmass glass of granitic composition. Average, in percent, is: SiO2, 75.5; Al2O3, 12.5; K2O, 5.7; Na2O, 3.1; CaO, 0.3; MgO, 0.05; total FeO, 1.2; and TiO2, 0.8. Normative Or> Ab. Minor changes in glass composition with depth are consistent with a greater approach towards the granite minimum. Incipient devitrification precluded reliable analysis of glass from the lower half of the section. The SiO2-phase associated with devitrification contains alkalis and Al and is believed to be cristobalite. Needle-like apatite crystals in the groundmass glass are Siand Fe-bearing fluorapatites containing appreciable rare earths (predominantly Ce) and variable Cl.
The grain-size and maximum An content of the cores of plagioclase grains were controlled by cooling rate and are at a maximum at the center of the section. The most homogeneous pyroxene (and olivine, MOORE and EVANS, 1967), most equilibrium pyroxene trends, most abundant alkali feldspar, and most equilibrium feldspar trends are found at 160 to 190 feet, which is appreciably below that part of the lake which was slowest to crystallize. Volatile pressure, increasing with depth, possibly controlled the degree of attainment of equilibrium more than cooling rate.
Since they are dependent on cooling history, some of the modal criteria commonly used for recognizing basalt types, such as the absence of Ca-poor pyroxene, presence of groundmass olivine, and the presence of alkali feldspar, should be applied with caution. Petrographic comparison of basalts from one flow, volcano, or province, with another, should recognize the possible variations due to cooling history alone.
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\"}}]}","volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5acce4b0c8380cd6f134","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, B.W.","contributorId":86896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"B.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, J.G.","contributorId":67496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014189,"text":"1014189 - 1968 - Infectious pancreatic necrosis: Selection of virus-free stock from a population of carrier trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-04T17:00:04.647505","indexId":"1014189","displayToPublicDate":"1968-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2543,"text":"Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Infectious pancreatic necrosis: Selection of virus-free stock from a population of carrier trout","docAbstract":"Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is a virulent disease of young trouts and is easily transmitted from infected animals through water and with eggs. At present, the most effective control measure consists of propagation of specific pathogen-free stock. Methods are described for using fish cell cultures to detect IPN virus in peritoneal washes, feces, and gonadal fluids and thereby to identifiy carrier and non-carrier fish. The procedures were used to derive virus-free progeny from a hatchery trout population containing about one-third carrier fish. The progeny were reared to maturity, spawned for 3 successive years, and at each spawning they proved free of virus. Recommendations and precautions are given for those who may wish to apply the procedures.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/f68-030","usgsCitation":"Wolf, K., Quimby, M.C., Carlson, C.P., and Bullock, G.L., 1968, Infectious pancreatic necrosis: Selection of virus-free stock from a population of carrier trout: Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, v. 25, no. 2, p. 383-391, https://doi.org/10.1139/f68-030.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"383","endPage":"391","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197309,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f1e4b07f02db5ee939","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolf, K.","contributorId":16344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolf","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quimby, M. C.","contributorId":14334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quimby","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carlson, C. P.","contributorId":7229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bullock, G. L.","contributorId":69498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullock","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70011537,"text":"70011537 - 1968 - Geologic history of the continental margin of North America in the Bering Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T16:41:09.795945","indexId":"70011537","displayToPublicDate":"1968-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic history of the continental margin of North America in the Bering Sea","docAbstract":"The North American continental margin beneath the Bering Sea is nearly 1,300 km long and extends from Alaska to eastern Siberia. The margin is a canyon-scarred 3,200–3,400-m high escarpment separating one of the world's largest epicontinental seas (the shallow Bering Sea) and the Aleutian Basin (the deep-water Bering Sea), a marginal oceanic basin distinguished by having its southern boundary formed by the Aleutian Ridge.
Three geomorphic provinces can be recognized: a southeastern province characterized by a gentle continental slope (lacking V-shaped canyons) and an outlying continental borderland (formed by Umnak Plateau); a central province distinguished by a steep canyon-scarred slope, and a northwestern province having a gentler and, apparently, less eroded continental slope.
Continuous seismic reflection profiles show that the margin is constructed of three major structural-stratigraphic units: (1) an acoustic basement underlying the outer shelf and upper slope; (2) an overlying main layered sequence; and (3) a stratified rise unit underlying and forming the continental rise at the base of the slope.
The existing margin evolved with downbowing and faulting of the acoustic basement, an older margin probably of Late Mesozoic age, consisting in part of well-indurated siltstone and mudstone, in Early Tertiary time. Concomitant with subsidence as much as 1,500 m of main-layered-sequence strata were draped over the basement. Intense canyon cutting, presumed to have been caused by the rapid deposition of unstable masses of riverborn sediment over the outer shelf and upper slope, is thought to have begun in Late Tertiary and Quaternary time. Concurrent with canyon cutting, submarine fans, consisting of turbidites forming the rise unit, accrued at the base of the continental slope.
Subsidence of the continental margin during the Tertiary may be related to foundering (“oceanization”) of a continental block to form the Aleutian Basin, or to simple isostatic depression of a former segment of the North Pacific oceanic floor in response to sediment infilling north of the Aleutian Ridge.
A cell without liquid junction was used to obtain dissociation constants for the reaction: KSO4− = K+ +SO42−. At 10°, 25°, 38° and 50°C, values for Kdiss KSO4− are, respectively, 0.195, 0.142, 0.117, and 0.095. At 25°C, , and values for the KSO4− ion are −245.96 and −274.02 kcal mole−1, and S° is +42.3 cal mole−1 deg−1.
A neutron activation procedure suitable for the routine determination of tantalum and hafnium in silicates is described. The irradiated sample is fused with sodium peroxide and leached, and the insoluble hydroxides are dissolved in dilute hydrofluoric acid-hydrochloric acid. After LaF3 and AgCl scavenges, tantalum and hafnium are separated by anion exchange. Tantalum is obtained radiochemically pure; 233Pa and 95Zr contaminants in the hafnium fraction are resolved by γ-ray spectrometry. The chemical yield of the procedure is detemined after counting by re-irradiation. Values for the 8 U.S. Geological Survey standard rocks are reported.
Concentrations of Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, Th, U and Cs have been determined in samples of igneous rocks representing the diabase-granophyre suites from Dillsburg, Pennsylvania, and Great Lake, Tasmania.
Niobium and tantalum have a three to fourfold increase with differentiation in each of the suites. The chilled margin of the Great Lake intrusion contains half the niobium and tantalum content (5.3 ppm and 0.4 ppm, respectively) of the chilled basalt from Dillsburg (10 ppm and 0.9 ppm, respectively). The twofold difference between the suites is correlated with differences in their titanium content. The average
The zirconium content of the two suites is essentially the same and increases from 50 to 60 ppm in the chilled margins to 240–300 ppm in the granophyres. Hafnium is low in the early formed rocks (0.5 –1.5 ppm and achieves a maximum in the granophyres (5–8 ppm). The
In the Dillsburg suite thorium and uranium increase from 2.6 ppm and 0.6 ppm, respectively, in the chilled samples to 11.8 ppm and 3.1 ppm in the granophyres. The chilled margin of the Great Lake suite contains 3.2 ppm thorium and 9.8 ppm uranium; the granophyre contains 11.2 ppm thorium and 2.8 ppm uranium. The average
Cesium and the
A comparison of the abundance of some of these elements is made with those reported on oceanic tholeiites from the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Trace elements with large ionic radii (Th, U, Cs) are present in significantly greater concentrations in the two continental tholeiitic series than in the oceanic tholeiites. However, this does not seem to be true for lithophilic elements of smaller ionic radii (Zr and Nb). These trace element distribution patterns, when considered with other minor element and isotopic studies, indicate that
Sodium-aluminum silicate gels are found in surficial deposits as thick as 5 centimeters in the Magadi area of Kenya. Chemical data indicate they are formed by the interaction of hot alkaline springwaters (67° to 82°C; pH, about 9) with alkali trachyte flows and their detritus, rather than by direct precipitation. In the process, Na2O is added from and silica is released to the saline waters of the springs. Algal mats protect the gels from erosion and act as thermal insulators. The gels are probably yearly accumulates that are washed into the lakes during floods. Crystallization of these gels in the laboratory yields analcite; this fact suggests that some analcite beds in lacustrine deposits may have formed from gels. Textural evidence indicates that cherts of rocks of the Pleistocene chert series in the Magadi area may have formed from soft sodium silicate gels. Similar gels may have acted as substrates for the accumulation and preservation of prebiological organic matter during the Precambrian.