{"pageNumber":"654","pageRowStart":"16325","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165786,"records":[{"id":70211621,"text":"70211621 - 2020 - Assessment of leachable elements in volcanic ashfall: A review and evaluation of a standardized protocol for ash hazard characterization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-10T17:01:51.255152","indexId":"70211621","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-28T09:47:33","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of leachable elements in volcanic ashfall: A review and evaluation of a standardized protocol for ash hazard characterization","docAbstract":"

Volcanic ash presents a widespread and common hazard during and after eruptions. Complex interactions between solid ash surfaces and volcanic gases lead to the formation of soluble salts that may be mobilized in aqueous environments. A variety of stakeholders may be concerned about the effects of ash on human and animal health, drinking water supplies, crops, soils and surface runoff. As part of the immediate emergency response, rapid dissemination of information regarding potentially hazardous concentrations of soluble species is critical. However, substantial variability in the methods used to characterize leachable elements makes it challenging to compare datasets and eruption impacts. To address these challenges, the International Volcanic Health Hazard Network (www.ivhhn.org) organized a two-day workshop to define appropriate methods for hazard assessment. The outcome of this workshop was a ‘consensus protocol’ for analysis of volcanic ash samples for rapid assessment of hazards from leachable elements, which was subsequently ratified by leading volcanological organizations. The purpose of this protocol is to recommend clear, standard and reliable methods applicable to a range of purposes during eruption response, such as assessing impacts on drinking-water supplies and ingestion hazards to livestock, and also applicable to research purposes. Where possible, it is intended that the methods make use of commonly available equipment and require little training. To evaluate method transferability, an interlaboratory comparison exercise was organized among six laboratories worldwide. Each laboratory received a split of pristine ash, and independently analyzed it according to the protocol for a wide range of elements. Collated results indicate good repeatability and reproducibility for most elements, thus indicating that the development of this protocol is a useful step towards providing standardized and reliable methods for ash hazard characterization. In this article, we review recent ash leachate studies, report the outcomes of the comparison exercise and present a revised and updated protocol based on the experiences and recommendations of the exercise participants. The adoption of standardized methods will improve and facilitate the comparability of results among studies and enable the ongoing development of a global database of leachate information relevant for informing volcanic health hazards assessment.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.106756","usgsCitation":"Stewart, C., Damby, D., Tomasek, I., Horwell, C.J., Plumlee, G.S., Armienta, M.A., Hinojosa, M.G., Appleby, M., Delmelle, P., Cronin, S., Ottley, C.J., Oppenheimer, C., and Morman, S.A., 2020, Assessment of leachable elements in volcanic ashfall: A review and evaluation of a standardized protocol for ash hazard characterization: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 392, 106756, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.106756.","productDescription":"106756, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-112086","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458284,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://dro.dur.ac.uk/29919/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":377039,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"392","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, Carol","contributorId":236960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Carol","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47573,"text":"Massey University, NZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Damby, David 0000-0002-3238-3961","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-3961","contributorId":206614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damby","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tomasek, Ines","contributorId":205741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tomasek","given":"Ines","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37158,"text":"Institute of Hazard, Risk & Resilience, Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Horwell, Claire J.","contributorId":177455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horwell","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16770,"text":"Dept. Earth Sciences, Durham University, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":204552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":794828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Armienta, Maria Aurora","contributorId":236961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Armienta","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"Aurora","affiliations":[{"id":47574,"text":"Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hinojosa, Maria Gabriela Ruiz","contributorId":236962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hinojosa","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"Gabriela Ruiz","affiliations":[{"id":47575,"text":"UCLouvain, Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Appleby, Moya","contributorId":236963,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Appleby","given":"Moya","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5111,"text":"GNS Science, New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Delmelle, Pierre","contributorId":236964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delmelle","given":"Pierre","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47575,"text":"UCLouvain, Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Cronin, Shane","contributorId":236965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cronin","given":"Shane","affiliations":[{"id":26898,"text":"University of Auckland, New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Ottley, Christopher J","contributorId":236967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ottley","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":40359,"text":"Durham University, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Oppenheimer, Clive","contributorId":174445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oppenheimer","given":"Clive","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27136,"text":"University of Cambridge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":794835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Morman, Suzette A. 0000-0002-2532-1033 smorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2532-1033","contributorId":996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morman","given":"Suzette","email":"smorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70228175,"text":"70228175 - 2020 - Increasing accuracy of lake nutrient predictions in thousands of lakes by leveraging water clarity data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-07T17:50:09.933226","indexId":"70228175","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-27T11:39:44","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5456,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Increasing accuracy of lake nutrient predictions in thousands of lakes by leveraging water clarity data","docAbstract":"

Aquatic scientists require robust, accurate information about nutrient concentrations and indicators of algal biomass in unsampled lakes in order to understand and predict the effects of global climate and land-use change. Historically, lake and landscape characteristics have been used as predictor variables in regression models to generate nutrient predictions, but often with significant uncertainty. An alternative approach to improve predictions is to leverage the observed relationship between water clarity and nutrients, which is possible because water clarity is more commonly measured than lake nutrients. We used a joint-nutrient model that conditioned predictions of total phosphorus, nitrogen, and chlorophyll a on observed water clarity. Our results demonstrated substantial reductions (8–27%; median = 23%) in prediction error when conditioning on water clarity. These models will provide new opportunities for predicting nutrient concentrations of unsampled lakes across broad spatial scales with reduced uncertainty.

","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.1002/lol2.10134","usgsCitation":"Wagner, T., Noah R., O.L., Bartley, M.L., Hanks, E., Schliep, E.M., Wikle, N.B., King, K.B., McCullough, I., Stachelek, J., Cheruvelil, K.S., Filstrup, C.T., Lapierre, J., Liu, B., Sorrano, P., Tan, P., Wang, Q., Webster, K., and Zhou, J., 2020, Increasing accuracy of lake nutrient predictions in thousands of lakes by leveraging water clarity data: Limnology and Oceanography Letters, v. 5, no. 2, p. 228-235, https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10134.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"228","endPage":"235","ipdsId":"IP-109351","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488957,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10134","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395550,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noah R., oa Lottig Lottig","contributorId":274769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noah R.","given":"oa","suffix":"Lottig","email":"","middleInitial":"Lottig","affiliations":[{"id":7122,"text":"University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartley, Meridith L.","contributorId":274772,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartley","given":"Meridith","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36985,"text":"Penn State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hanks, Ephraim M.","contributorId":274775,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanks","given":"Ephraim M.","affiliations":[{"id":36985,"text":"Penn State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schliep, Erin M.","contributorId":274778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schliep","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wikle, Nathan B.","contributorId":274780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wikle","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36985,"text":"Penn State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"King, Katelyn B. S.","contributorId":274782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"Katelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"B. S.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McCullough, Ian","contributorId":274784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCullough","given":"Ian","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Stachelek, Jemma","contributorId":274864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stachelek","given":"Jemma","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Cheruvelil, Kendra S.","contributorId":172029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheruvelil","given":"Kendra","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Filstrup, Christopher T.","contributorId":169032,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Filstrup","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lapierre, Jean-Francois","contributorId":264522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lapierre","given":"Jean-Francois","affiliations":[{"id":54487,"text":"University of Montreal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Liu, Boyang","contributorId":274865,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Boyang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Sorrano, Patricia","contributorId":204929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sorrano","given":"Patricia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Tan, Pang-Ning","contributorId":172193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tan","given":"Pang-Ning","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Wang, Q.","contributorId":83761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Q.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Webster, Katherine","contributorId":274866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webster","given":"Katherine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Zhou, Jiayu","contributorId":204926,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhou","given":"Jiayu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70222540,"text":"70222540 - 2020 - Metal bioavailability models: Current status, lessons learned, considerations for regulatory use, and the path forward","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-03T13:47:20.331188","indexId":"70222540","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-27T08:45:36","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metal bioavailability models: Current status, lessons learned, considerations for regulatory use, and the path forward","docAbstract":"

Since the early 2000s, biotic ligand models and related constructs have been a dominant paradigm for risk assessment of aqueous metals in the environment. We critically review 1) the evidence for the mechanistic approach underlying metal bioavailability models; 2) considerations for the use and refinement of bioavailability-based toxicity models; 3) considerations for the incorporation of metal bioavailability models into environmental quality standards; and 4) some consensus recommendations for developing or applying metal bioavailability models. We note that models developed to date have been particularly challenged to accurately incorporate pH effects because they are unique with multiple possible mechanisms. As such, we doubt it is ever appropriate to lump algae/plant and animal bioavailability models; however, it is often reasonable to lump bioavailability models for animals, although aquatic insects may be an exception. Other recommendations include that data generated for model development should consider equilibrium conditions in exposure designs, including food items in combined waterborne–dietary matched chronic exposures. Some potentially important toxicity-modifying factors are currently not represented in bioavailability models and have received insufficient attention in toxicity testing. Temperature is probably of foremost importance; phosphate is likely important in plant and algae models. Acclimation may result in predictions that err on the side of protection. Striking a balance between comprehensive, mechanistically sound models and simplified approaches is a challenge. If empirical bioavailability tools such as multiple-linear regression models and look-up tables are employed in criteria, they should always be informed qualitatively and quantitatively by mechanistic models. If bioavailability models are to be used in environmental regulation, ongoing support and availability for use of the models in the public domain are essential.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.4560","usgsCitation":"Mebane, C.A., Chowdhury, M., De Schamphelaere, K.A., Lofts, S., Paquin, P.R., Santore, R.C., and Wood, C.M., 2020, Metal bioavailability models: Current status, lessons learned, considerations for regulatory use, and the path forward: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 39, no. 1, p. 60-84, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4560.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"60","endPage":"84","ipdsId":"IP-110208","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4560","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387661,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mebane, Christopher A. 0000-0002-9089-0267 cmebane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9089-0267","contributorId":110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mebane","given":"Christopher","email":"cmebane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chowdhury, M. Jasim","contributorId":261730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chowdhury","given":"M. Jasim","affiliations":[{"id":52970,"text":"International Lead Association, Durham, North Carolina, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"De Schamphelaere, Karel A.C.","contributorId":261731,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"De Schamphelaere","given":"Karel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.C.","affiliations":[{"id":52971,"text":"Ghent University, Gent, Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lofts, Stephen","contributorId":261732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lofts","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52972,"text":"Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bailrigg, Lancaster, United Kingdom","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Paquin, Paul R.","contributorId":261733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paquin","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":52973,"text":"HDR, New York, New York, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Santore, Robert C.","contributorId":202449,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santore","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36447,"text":"Windward Environmental LLC, Syracuse, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wood, Chris M.","contributorId":261734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":52974,"text":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70208100,"text":"70208100 - 2020 - Thresholds for post-wildfire debris flows: Insights from the Pinal Fire, Arizona, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-04T16:48:14.988077","indexId":"70208100","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-27T07:11:25","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thresholds for post-wildfire debris flows: Insights from the Pinal Fire, Arizona, USA","docAbstract":"Wildfire significantly alters the hydrologic properties of a burned area, leading to increases in overland flow, erosion, and the potential for runoff-generated debris flows. The initiation of debris flows in recently burned areas is well-characterized by rainfall intensity-duration (ID) thresholds. However, there is currently a paucity of data quantifying the rainfall intensities required to trigger post-wildfire debris flows, which limits our understanding of how and why rainfall ID thresholds vary in different climatic and geologic settings. In this study, we monitored debris-flow activity following the Pinal Fire in central Arizona, which differs from both a climatic and hydrogeomorphic perspective from other regions in the western U.S. where ID thresholds for post-wildfire debris flows are well-established, namely the Transverse Ranges of southern CA. Since the peak rainfall intensity within a rainstorm may exceed the rainfall intensity required to trigger a debris flow, the development of robust rainfall ID thresholds requires knowledge of the timing of debris flows within rainstorms. Existing post-wildfire debris-flow studies in Arizona only constrain the peak rainfall intensity within debris-flow-producing storms, which may far exceed the intensity that actually triggered the observed debris flow. In this study, we used pressure transducers within 5 burned drainage basins to constrain the timing of debris flows within rainstorms. Rainfall ID thresholds derived here from triggering rainfall intensities are, on average, 22 mm/h lower than ID thresholds derived under the assumption that the triggering intensity is equal to the maximum rainfall intensity recorded during a rainstorm. We then use a hydrologic model to demonstrate that the magnitude of the 15-minute rainfall ID threshold at the Pinal Fire site is associated with the rainfall intensity required to exceed a recently proposed dimensionless discharge threshold for debris-flow initiation. Model results further suggest that previously observed differences in regional ID thresholds between Arizona and the San Gabriel Mountains of southern CA may be attributed, in large part, to differences in the hydraulic properties of burned soils.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/esp.4805","usgsCitation":"Raymond, C.A., McGuire, L.A., Youberg, A.M., Staley, D.M., and Kean, J.W., 2020, Thresholds for post-wildfire debris flows: Insights from the Pinal Fire, Arizona, USA: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 45, no. 6, p. 1349-1360, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4805.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1349","endPage":"1360","ipdsId":"IP-112967","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371633,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.994873046875,\n 33.25936011503665\n ],\n [\n -110.60348510742188,\n 33.25936011503665\n ],\n [\n -110.60348510742188,\n 33.543683878655926\n ],\n [\n -110.994873046875,\n 33.543683878655926\n ],\n [\n -110.994873046875,\n 33.25936011503665\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raymond, Carissa A","contributorId":221837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raymond","given":"Carissa","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":780463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, Luke A. 0000-0001-8178-7922 lmcguire@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-7922","contributorId":203420,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGuire","given":"Luke","email":"lmcguire@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":780464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Youberg, Ann M. 0000-0002-2005-3674","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2005-3674","contributorId":172609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Youberg","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":780465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Staley, Dennis M. 0000-0002-2239-3402 dstaley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2239-3402","contributorId":4134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staley","given":"Dennis","email":"dstaley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kean, Jason W. 0000-0003-3089-0369 jwkean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":1654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"Jason","email":"jwkean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70211487,"text":"70211487 - 2020 - Local climate determines vulnerability to camouflage mismatch in snowshoe hares","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-29T00:55:17.688689","indexId":"70211487","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-26T19:45:25","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1839,"text":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Local climate determines vulnerability to camouflage mismatch in snowshoe hares","docAbstract":"

Aim

Phenological mismatches, when life‐events become mistimed with optimal environmental conditions, have become increasingly common under climate change. Population‐level susceptibility to mismatches depends on how phenology and phenotypic plasticity vary across a species’ distributional range. Here, we quantify the environmental drivers of colour moult phenology, phenotypic plasticity, and the extent of phenological mismatch in seasonal camouflage to assess vulnerability to mismatch in a common North American mammal.

Location

North America.

Time period

2010–2017.

Major taxa studied

Snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus ).

Methods

We used > 5,500 by‐catch photographs of snowshoe hares from 448 remote camera trap sites at three independent study areas. To quantify moult phenology and phenotypic plasticity, we used multinomial logistic regression models that incorporated geospatial and high‐resolution climate data. We estimated occurrence of camouflage mismatch between hares’ coat colour and the presence and absence of snow over 7 years of monitoring.

Results

Spatial and temporal variation in moult phenology depended on local climate conditions more so than on latitude. First, hares in colder, snowier areas moulted earlier in the fall and later in the spring. Next, hares exhibited phenotypic plasticity in moult phenology in response to annual variation in temperature and snow duration, especially in the spring. Finally, the occurrence of camouflage mismatch varied in space and time; white hares on dark, snowless background occurred primarily during low‐snow years in regions characterized by shallow, short‐lasting snowpack.

Main conclusions

Long‐term climate and annual variation in snow and temperature determine coat colour moult phenology in snowshoe hares. In most areas, climate change leads to shorter snow seasons, but the occurrence of camouflage mismatch varies across the species’ range. Our results underscore the population‐specific susceptibility to climate change‐induced stressors and the necessity to understand this variation to prioritize the populations most vulnerable under global environmental change.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/geb.13049","usgsCitation":"Zimova, M., Siren, A., Nowak, J.J., Bryan, A., Ivan, J., Morelli, T.L., Suhrer, S.L., Whittington, J., and Mills, L.S., 2020, Local climate determines vulnerability to camouflage mismatch in snowshoe hares: Global Ecology and Biogeography, v. 29, no. 3, p. 503-515, https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13049.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"503","endPage":"515","ipdsId":"IP-112695","costCenters":[{"id":5080,"text":"Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467307,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13049","text":"External Repository"},{"id":376822,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.16796875,\n 39.774769485295465\n ],\n [\n -63.10546874999999,\n 43.70759350405294\n ],\n [\n -50.9765625,\n 48.10743118848039\n ],\n [\n -61.87499999999999,\n 57.42129439209407\n ],\n [\n -74.53125,\n 59.355596110016315\n ],\n [\n -78.22265625,\n 59.085738569819505\n ],\n [\n -75.5859375,\n 56.17002298293205\n ],\n [\n -79.1015625,\n 54.36775852406841\n ],\n [\n -79.27734374999999,\n 51.069016659603896\n ],\n [\n -82.6171875,\n 55.27911529201561\n ],\n [\n -91.58203125,\n 57.42129439209407\n ],\n [\n -94.74609375,\n 59.5343180010956\n ],\n [\n -131.484375,\n 67.941650035336\n ],\n [\n -154.51171875,\n 69.96043926902489\n ],\n [\n -166.46484375,\n 68.52823492039876\n ],\n [\n -162.24609375,\n 66.58321725728175\n ],\n [\n -163.125,\n 66.16051056018838\n ],\n [\n -164.35546875,\n 66.65297740055279\n ],\n [\n -167.51953124999997,\n 65.58572002329473\n ],\n [\n -165.76171875,\n 64.47279382008166\n ],\n [\n -160.3125,\n 64.77412531292873\n ],\n [\n -162.0703125,\n 63.6267446447533\n ],\n [\n -164.35546875,\n 62.83508901142283\n ],\n [\n -166.2890625,\n 61.438767493682825\n ],\n [\n -164.00390625,\n 59.80063426102869\n ],\n [\n -161.3671875,\n 58.63121664342478\n ],\n [\n -156.796875,\n 58.35563036280964\n ],\n [\n -169.45312499999997,\n 52.696361078274485\n ],\n [\n -153.80859375,\n 56.75272287205736\n ],\n [\n -149.23828125,\n 59.80063426102869\n ],\n [\n -145.1953125,\n 59.977005492196\n ],\n [\n -139.74609375,\n 58.26328705248601\n ],\n [\n -135.35156249999997,\n 55.87531083569679\n ],\n [\n -132.890625,\n 52.908902047770255\n ],\n [\n -124.1015625,\n 47.635783590864854\n ],\n [\n -124.98046874999999,\n 41.376808565702355\n ],\n [\n -121.11328124999999,\n 46.07323062540835\n ],\n [\n -111.796875,\n 36.73888412439431\n ],\n [\n -107.57812499999999,\n 46.92025531537451\n ],\n [\n -103.18359375,\n 47.517200697839414\n ],\n [\n -89.296875,\n 44.33956524809713\n ],\n [\n -83.14453125,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n -79.98046875,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -77.16796875,\n 39.774769485295465\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimova, Marketa","contributorId":171704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimova","given":"Marketa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Siren, Alexej P. K.","contributorId":236810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siren","given":"Alexej P. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nowak, Joshua J.","contributorId":236829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nowak","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bryan, Alexander 0000-0003-2040-7636 abryan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2040-7636","contributorId":168822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryan","given":"Alexander","email":"abryan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5080,"text":"Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ivan, Jacob S.","contributorId":200243,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ivan","given":"Jacob S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Morelli, Toni Lyn 0000-0001-5865-5294 tmorelli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5865-5294","contributorId":197458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morelli","given":"Toni","email":"tmorelli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lyn","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5080,"text":"Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":794289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Suhrer, Skyler L.","contributorId":236830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suhrer","given":"Skyler","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Whittington, Jesse","contributorId":179372,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whittington","given":"Jesse","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mills, L. Scott","contributorId":236757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mills","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":794288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70208469,"text":"70208469 - 2020 - Microbial source tracking (MST) in Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area: Seasonal and precipitation trends in MST marker concentrations, and associations with E. coli levels, pathogenic marker presence, and land use","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-11T10:05:32","indexId":"70208469","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-26T10:04:22","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Microbial source tracking (MST) in Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area: Seasonal and precipitation trends in MST marker concentrations, and associations with E. coli levels, pathogenic marker presence, and land use","title":"Microbial source tracking (MST) in Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area: Seasonal and precipitation trends in MST marker concentrations, and associations with E. coli levels, pathogenic marker presence, and land use","docAbstract":"

Escherichia coli levels in recreational waters are often used to predict when fecal-associated pathogen levels are a human health risk. The reach of the Chattahoochee River that flows through the Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area (CRNRA), located in the Atlanta-metropolitan area, is a popular recreation area that frequently exceeds the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency beach action value (BAV) for E. coli. A BacteriALERT program has been implemented to provide real-time E. coli estimates in the reach and notify the public of potentially harmful levels of fecal-associated pathogens as indicated by surrogate models based on real-time turbidity measurements from continuous water quality monitoring stations. However, E. coli does not provide information about the sources of fecal contamination and its accuracy as a human health indicator is questionable when sources of contamination are non-human. The objectives of our study were to investigate, within the Park and surrounding watersheds, seasonal and precipitation-related patterns in microbial source tracking marker concentrations of possible sources (human, dog, and ruminant), assess correlations between source contamination levels and culturable E. coli levels, determine which sources best explained model-based E. coli estimates above the BAV and detection of esp2 (a marker for the esp gene associated with pathogenic strains of Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis), and investigate associations between source contamination levels and land use features. Three BacteriALERT sites on the Chattahoochee River were sampled six times per season in the winter and summer from December 2015 through September 2017, and 11 additional stream sites (synoptic sites) from the CRNRA watershed were sampled once per season. Samples were screened with microbial source tracking (MST) quantitative PCR (qPCR) markers for humans (HF183 Taqman), dogs (DogBact), and ruminants (Rum2Bac), the esp2 qPCR marker, and culturable E. coli. At the BacteriALERT sites, HF183 Taqman concentrations were higher under wet conditions DogBact concentrations were greater in the winter and under wet conditions, and Rum2Bac concentrations were comparatively low throughout the study with no difference across seasons or precipitation conditions. Concentrations of HF183 Taqman, DogBact, and Rum2Bac were positively correlated with culturable E. coli concentrations; however, DogBact had the largest R2 value among the three markers, and the forward stepwise regression indicated it was the best predictor of culturable E. coli concentrations at the BacteriALERT sites. Recursive partitioning indicated that BAV exceedances of model-based E. coli estimates were best explained by DogBact concentrations ≥3 gene copies per mL (CN/mL). Detections of esp2 at BacteriALERT sites were best explained by DogBact concentrations ≥11 CN/mL, while detections of esp2 at synoptic sites were best explained by HF183 Taqman ≥29 CN/mL. At the synoptic sites, HF183 Taqman levels were associated with wastewater treatment plant density. However, this relationship was driven primarily by a single site, suggesting possible conveyance issues in that catchment. esp2 detections at synoptic sites were positively associated with development within a 2-km radius and negatively associated with development within the catchment, suggesting multiple sources of esp2 in the watershed. DogBact and Rum2Bac were not associated with the land use features included in our analyses. Implications for Park management include: 1) fecal contamination levels were highest during wet conditions and in the off season when fewer visitors are expected to be participating in water-based recreation, 2) dogs are likely contributors to fecal contamination in the CRNRA and may be sources of pathogenic bacteria indicating further investigation of the origins of this contamination may be warranted as would be research to understand the human health risks from exposure to dog fecal contamination, and 3) high levels of the human marker at one site in the CRNRA watershed suggests more extensive monitoring in that catchment may locate the origin of human fecal contamination detected during this study.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2019.115435","usgsCitation":"McKee, A.M., Molina, M., Cyterski, M., and Couch, A., 2020, Microbial source tracking (MST) in Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area: Seasonal and precipitation trends in MST marker concentrations, and associations with E. coli levels, pathogenic marker presence, and land use: Water Research, v. 171, 115435, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.115435.","productDescription":"115435, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-105660","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458294,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.115435","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437182,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P957P46S","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Microbial Source Tracking Marker Concentrations in the Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area Watershed in 2015-2017, Georgia, USA"},{"id":372227,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.51370239257812,\n 33.90347621404078\n ],\n [\n -83.91769409179688,\n 33.90347621404078\n ],\n [\n -83.91769409179688,\n 34.250405862125\n ],\n [\n -84.51370239257812,\n 34.250405862125\n ],\n [\n -84.51370239257812,\n 33.90347621404078\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"171","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKee, Anna M. 0000-0003-2790-5320 amckee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2790-5320","contributorId":166725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Anna","email":"amckee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Molina, Marirosa","contributorId":220538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Molina","given":"Marirosa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13529,"text":"US Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cyterski, Mike","contributorId":222389,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cyterski","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Couch, Ann","contributorId":222390,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Couch","given":"Ann","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36245,"text":"NPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70227717,"text":"70227717 - 2020 - Spatial sampling bias and model complexity in stream-based species distribution models: A case study of Paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) in the Arkansas River basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-27T16:55:07.591983","indexId":"70227717","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-25T10:48:41","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7470,"text":"Ecology & Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Spatial sampling bias and model complexity in stream-based species distribution models: A case study of Paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) in the Arkansas River basin, USA","title":"Spatial sampling bias and model complexity in stream-based species distribution models: A case study of Paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) in the Arkansas River basin, USA","docAbstract":"

Leveraging existing presence records and geospatial datasets, species distribution modeling has been widely applied to informing species conservation and restoration efforts. Maxent is one of the most popular modeling algorithms, yet recent research has demonstrated Maxent models are vulnerable to prediction errors related to spatial sampling bias and model complexity. Despite elevated rates of biodiversity imperilment in stream ecosystems, the application of Maxent models to stream networks has lagged, as has the availability of tools to address potential sources of error and calculate model evaluation metrics when modeling in nonraster environments (such as stream networks). Herein, we use Maxent and customized R code to estimate the potential distribution of paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) at a stream-segment level within the Arkansas River basin, USA, while accounting for potential spatial sampling bias and model complexity. Filtering the presence data appeared to adequately remove an eastward, large-river sampling bias that was evident within the unfiltered presence dataset. In particular, our novel riverscape filter provided a repeatable means of obtaining a relatively even coverage of presence data among watersheds and streams of varying sizes. The greatest differences in estimated distributions were observed among models constructed with default versus AICC-selected parameterization. Although all models had similarly high performance and evaluation metrics, the AICC-selected models were more inclusive of westward-situated and smaller, headwater streams. Overall, our results solidified the importance of accounting for model complexity and spatial sampling bias in SDMs constructed within stream networks and provided a roadmap for future paddlefish restoration efforts in the study area.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.5913","usgsCitation":"Taylor, A., Hafen, T., Holley, C.T., Gonzalez, A., and Long, J.M., 2020, Spatial sampling bias and model complexity in stream-based species distribution models: A case study of Paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) in the Arkansas River basin, USA: Ecology & Evolution, v. 10, no. 2, p. 705-717, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5913.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"705","endPage":"717","ipdsId":"IP-108639","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5913","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":394979,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Arkansas River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.314453125,\n 34.08906131584994\n ],\n [\n -91.845703125,\n 34.08906131584994\n ],\n [\n -91.845703125,\n 39.30029918615029\n ],\n [\n -107.314453125,\n 39.30029918615029\n ],\n [\n -107.314453125,\n 34.08906131584994\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, A. T.","contributorId":264887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"A. T.","affiliations":[{"id":54572,"text":"University of Central Oklahoma","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hafen, T.","contributorId":272271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hafen","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holley, Colt Taylor 0000-0003-4172-4331","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4172-4331","contributorId":272272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holley","given":"Colt","email":"","middleInitial":"Taylor","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gonzalez, A.","contributorId":272273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gonzalez","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Long, James M. 0000-0002-8658-9949 jmlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9949","contributorId":3453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"James","email":"jmlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70208003,"text":"70208003 - 2020 - Assessing the water quality impacts of two Category-5 hurricanes on St. Thomas, Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-23T09:34:37","indexId":"70208003","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-24T09:28:07","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the water quality impacts of two Category-5 hurricanes on St. Thomas, Virgin Islands","docAbstract":"

Managing waterborne and water-related diseases is one of the most critical factors in the aftermath of hurricane-induced natural disasters. The goal of the study was to identify water-quality impairments in order to set the priorities for post-hurricane relief and to guide future decisions on disaster preparation and relief administration. Field investigations were carried out on St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands as soon as the disaster area became accessible after the back-to-back hurricane strikes by Irma and Maria in 2017. Water samples were collected from individual household rain cisterns, the coastal ocean, and street-surface runoffs for microbial concentration. The microbial community structure and the occurrence of potential human pathogens were investigated in samples using next generation sequencing. Loop mediated isothermal amplification was employed to detect fecal indicator bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis. The results showed both fecal indicator bacteria and Legionella genetic markers were prevalent but were low in concentration in the water samples. Among the 22 cistern samples, 86% were positive for Legionella and 82% for Escherichia-Shigella. Enterococcus faecalis was detected in over 68% of the rain cisterns and in 60% of the coastal waters (n = 20). Microbial community composition in coastal water samples was significantly different from cistern water and runoff water. Although identification at bacterial genus level is not direct evidence of human pathogens, our results suggest cistern water quality needs more organized attention for protection of human health, and that preparation and prevention measures should be taken before natural disasters strike.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2019.115440","usgsCitation":"Jiang, S., Han, M., Chandrasekaran, S., Fang, Y., and Kellogg, C.A., 2020, Assessing the water quality impacts of two Category-5 hurricanes on St. Thomas, Virgin Islands: Water Research, v. 171, 115440, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.115440.","productDescription":"115440, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-109410","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458299,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.115440","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":371493,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"St. Thomas, U.S, Virgin Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -65.09811401367188,\n 18.24761153423444\n ],\n [\n -64.72457885742188,\n 18.24761153423444\n ],\n [\n -64.72457885742188,\n 18.419684546193967\n ],\n [\n -65.09811401367188,\n 18.419684546193967\n ],\n [\n -65.09811401367188,\n 18.24761153423444\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"171","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jiang, Sunny","contributorId":221746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jiang","given":"Sunny","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40412,"text":"University of California, Irvine, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":780109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Han, Muyue","contributorId":221747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Han","given":"Muyue","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40412,"text":"University of California, Irvine, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":780110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chandrasekaran, Srikiran","contributorId":221748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chandrasekaran","given":"Srikiran","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40412,"text":"University of California, Irvine, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":780111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fang, Yingcong","contributorId":221749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fang","given":"Yingcong","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40412,"text":"University of California, Irvine, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":780112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kellogg, Christina A. 0000-0002-6492-9455 ckellogg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6492-9455","contributorId":391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Christina","email":"ckellogg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70209758,"text":"70209758 - 2020 - Effect of an environmental flow on vegetation growth and health using ground and remote sensing metrics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-28T14:24:02.273893","indexId":"70209758","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-24T08:13:51","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of an environmental flow on vegetation growth and health using ground and remote sensing metrics","docAbstract":"

Understanding the effectiveness of environmental flow deliveries along rivers requires monitoring vegetation. Monitoring data are often collected at multiple spatial scales. For riparian vegetation, optical remote sensing methods can estimate growth responses at the riparian corridor scale, and field‐based measures can quantify species composition; however, the extent to which these different measures are duplicative or complementary is important to understand when planning monitoring programmes with limited resources. In this study, we analysed riparian vegetation growth in the delta of the Colorado River in response to an experimental pulse flow. Our goal was to compare ground‐based measurements of vegetation structure and composition with satellite‐based Landsat radiometric variables, such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). We made this comparison in 21 transects following the delivery of 131.8 million cubic meters (mcm) of water in the stream channel during the spring of 2014 as a pulse flow and 38.4 mcm as base flows. Vegetation cover increased 14% and NDVI increased 0.02 (15%) by October 2015, and both variables returned to pre‐pulse flow values in October 2016. Observed changes in vegetation structure and composition did not persist after the second year. The highest increase in vegetation cover in October 2014 and October 2015 resulted from species that could respond rapidly to additional water such as reeds (Arundo donax and Phragmites australis), cattail (Typha domingensis), and herbaceous plants. Dominant shrubs, saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) and arrowweed (Pluchea sericea), both indicative of nonrestored habitats showed variable increases in cover, and native trees (Salicaceae family) presented low increases (1%). The strong NDVI–vegetation cover relationship indicates that NDVI is appropriate to detect changes at the riparian corridor scale but needs to be complemented with ground data to determine the contributions by different species to the observed trends.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.13689","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Gomez-Sapiens, M.M., Jarchow, C., Flessa, K.W., Shafroth, P.B., Glenn, E., and Nagler, P.L., 2020, Effect of an environmental flow on vegetation growth and health using ground and remote sensing metrics: Hydrological Processes, v. 34, no. 8, p. 1682-1696, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13689.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1682","endPage":"1696","ipdsId":"IP-109952","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488909,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/659868","text":"External Repository"},{"id":374314,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.3070068359375,\n 31.5691754490709\n ],\n [\n -114.70275878906249,\n 31.5691754490709\n ],\n [\n -114.70275878906249,\n 32.708733368521585\n ],\n [\n -115.3070068359375,\n 32.708733368521585\n ],\n [\n -115.3070068359375,\n 31.5691754490709\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-02-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gomez-Sapiens, Martha M.","contributorId":58172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomez-Sapiens","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jarchow, Christopher 0000-0002-0424-4104 cjarchow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0424-4104","contributorId":196069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarchow","given":"Christopher","email":"cjarchow@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flessa, Karl W.","contributorId":175308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flessa","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shafroth, Patrick B. 0000-0002-6064-871X shafrothp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6064-871X","contributorId":2000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"Patrick","email":"shafrothp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Glenn, Edward P.","contributorId":56542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glenn","given":"Edward P.","affiliations":[{"id":13060,"text":"Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nagler, Pamela L. 0000-0003-0674-103X pnagler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":1398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"Pamela","email":"pnagler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70208588,"text":"70208588 - 2020 - The effect of sediment cover and female characteristics on the hatching success of walleye","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-11T15:56:57","indexId":"70208588","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-23T20:17:27","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of sediment cover and female characteristics on the hatching success of walleye","docAbstract":"

Natural and anthropogenic sources of sedimentation have the potential to degrade spawning habitat and negatively affect incubating fish embryos. Walleye Sander vitreus are lithophilic broadcast spawners that use specific spawning habitats that are vulnerable to degradation caused by deposition of suspended sediments. We measured the effect of different types of sediment cover on hatching success of Walleye eggs and assessed whether differences in female Walleye (female length and mean egg size) account for tolerance to sediment cover. Experiments were carried out in 2018 to test the effect of sediment cover on hatching success and in 2019 to test how female identity and female length or mean egg size may interact with sediment cover to influence hatching success. Eggs in both experiments were exposed to instantaneous sediment cover (0–7 mm) of either sand or silt from fertilization until day 15 of incubation. Results indicated that Walleye eggs were sensitive to silt cover (71% mortality with 2 mm of silt cover) but not sand cover (47% mortality with 7 mm of sand cover). Hatching success differed significantly among individual females. Although there was an indication that hatching success was marginally negatively related to female length and positively related to mean egg size, sediment cover seemed to have similar effects on eggs, regardless of female length or egg size. Susceptibility of Walleye eggs to mortality caused by sediment cover further underscores the need to limit large‐scale sediment loading and resuspension in aquatic systems.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10407","usgsCitation":"Gatch, A., Koenigbauer, S., Roseman, E., and Hook, T., 2020, The effect of sediment cover and female characteristics on the hatching success of walleye: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 40, no. 1, p. 293-302, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10407.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"302","ipdsId":"IP-114620","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458304,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10407","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437183,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9O7N21F","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Substrate hardness and walleye (Sander vitreus) and lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) egg presence in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, before and after substrate cleaning experiments and walleye hatching success experiments, 2018-2019"},{"id":372438,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"Brookville","otherGeospatial":"Brookville Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.02525329589844,\n 39.433011014927224\n ],\n [\n -84.96826171874999,\n 39.433011014927224\n ],\n [\n -84.96826171874999,\n 39.62367272617737\n ],\n [\n -85.02525329589844,\n 39.62367272617737\n ],\n [\n -85.02525329589844,\n 39.433011014927224\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gatch, Alex","contributorId":222574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gatch","given":"Alex","affiliations":[{"id":13186,"text":"Purdue University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koenigbauer, S.K.","contributorId":222575,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koenigbauer","given":"S.K.","affiliations":[{"id":13186,"text":"Purdue University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F. 0000-0002-5315-9838","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5315-9838","contributorId":217909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hook, T.","contributorId":222576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hook","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13186,"text":"Purdue University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70207572,"text":"70207572 - 2020 - Algal toxins in Alaskan seabirds: Evaluating the role of saxitoxin and domoic acid in a large-scale die-off of Common Murres","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-26T13:30:58","indexId":"70207572","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-23T13:28:52","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1878,"text":"Harmful Algae","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Algal toxins in Alaskan seabirds: Evaluating the role of saxitoxin and domoic acid in a large-scale die-off of Common Murres","docAbstract":"Elevated seawater temperatures are linked to the development of harmful algal blooms (HABs), which pose a growing threat to marine birds and other wildlife. During late 2015 and early 2016, a massive die-off of Common Murres (Uria algae; hereafter, murres) was observed in the Gulf of Alaska coincident with a strong marine heat wave. Previous studies have documented illness and death among seabirds resulting from exposure to the HAB neurotoxins saxitoxin (STX) and domoic acid (DA). Given the unusual mortality event, corresponding warm water anomalies, and recent detection of STX and DA throughout coastal Alaskan waters, HABs were identified as a possible factor of concern. To evaluate whether algal toxins may have contributed to murre deaths, we tested for STX and DA in a suite of tissues obtained from beach-cast murre carcasses associated with the die-off as well as from apparently healthy murres and Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla; hereafter, kittiwakes) in the preceding and following summers. We also tested forage fish and marine invertebrates collected in the Gulf of Alaska in 2015–2017 to evaluate potential sources of HAB toxin exposure for seabirds. Saxitoxin was present in multiple tissue types of both die-off (36.4%) and healthy (41.7%) murres and healthy kittiwakes (54.2%). Among birds, we detected the highest concentrations of STX in liver tissues (range 1.4 –10.8 µg 100 g-1) of die-off murres. Saxitoxin was relatively common in forage fish (20.3%) and marine invertebrates (53.8%). No established toxicity limits currently exist for seabirds, but concentrations of STX in birds and forage fish in our study were lower than values reported from most other bird die-offs in which STX intoxication was causally linked. We detected low concentrations of DA in a single bird sample and in 33.3% of marine invertebrates and 4.0% of forage fish samples. Although these results do not support the hypothesis that acute exposure to STX or DA was a primary factor in the 2015–2016 die-off event, additional information about the sensitivity of murres to these toxins is needed before we can discount their potential role in the die-off. The widespread occurrence of STX in seabirds, forage fish, and marine invertebrates in the Gulf of Alaska indicates that algal toxins should be considered in future assessments of seabird health, especially given the potential for greater occurrence of HABs in the future.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.hal.2019.101730","usgsCitation":"Van Hemert, C.R., Schoen, S.K., Litaker, R.W., Smith, M.M., Arimitsu, M.L., Piatt, J.F., Holland, W., Hardison, R., and Pearce, J.M., 2020, Algal toxins in Alaskan seabirds: Evaluating the role of saxitoxin and domoic acid in a large-scale die-off of Common Murres: Harmful Algae, v. 92, 101730, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2019.101730.","productDescription":"101730","ipdsId":"IP-111669","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458309,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2019.101730","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UNY0FR","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"SUPERSEDED: Data Associated with Algal Toxin Testing of Common Murres (Uria aalge) and Forage Fish in Alaska, 2015–2017"},{"id":370688,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.01708984375,\n 58.73400476743346\n ],\n [\n -143.08593749999997,\n 58.73400476743346\n ],\n [\n -143.08593749999997,\n 62.36999628130772\n ],\n [\n -155.01708984375,\n 62.36999628130772\n ],\n [\n -155.01708984375,\n 58.73400476743346\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"92","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Hemert, Caroline R. 0000-0002-6858-7165 cvanhemert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6858-7165","contributorId":3592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Hemert","given":"Caroline","email":"cvanhemert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoen, Sarah K. 0000-0002-5685-5185 sschoen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5685-5185","contributorId":5136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoen","given":"Sarah","email":"sschoen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Litaker, R. Wayne","contributorId":202495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Litaker","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Wayne","affiliations":[{"id":36460,"text":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Matthew M. 0000-0002-2259-5135 mmsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2259-5135","contributorId":5115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Matthew","email":"mmsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arimitsu, Mayumi L. 0000-0001-6982-2238 marimitsu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6982-2238","contributorId":140501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arimitsu","given":"Mayumi","email":"marimitsu@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Holland, William C.","contributorId":221535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holland","given":"William C.","affiliations":[{"id":40398,"text":"NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hardison, Ransom 0000-0001-9680-4924","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9680-4924","contributorId":221536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hardison","given":"Ransom","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40398,"text":"NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70209448,"text":"70209448 - 2020 - Environmental tracer evidence for connection between shallow and bedrock aquifers and high intrinsic susceptibility to contamination of the conterminous U.S. glacial aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-04T18:29:03.706787","indexId":"70209448","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-23T07:20:35","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental tracer evidence for connection between shallow and bedrock aquifers and high intrinsic susceptibility to contamination of the conterminous U.S. glacial aquifer","docAbstract":"Covering a large portion of the northern conterminous United States (1.87 x 106 km2), the glacial aquifer serves as the primary water supply for 39 million public and domestic water users. Mean groundwater age, groundwater age distribution, and susceptibility to land surface contamination, using a new metric (Susceptibility Index; SI) based on the full age distribution and less prone to bias than estimated mean age, is reported for 168 public and domestic wells across the aquifer. Comparison of groundwater age metrics between well networks of varying spatial scale suggest an extensive sample network of equally spaced, long screened interval wells can be used to characterize aquifer wide groundwater age. Estimated mean age ranges from 1 to 50,000 years and, according to the composite age distribution, approximately 63 percent of all sampled water recharged after 1950 (i.e., modern) and 18 percent of the sampled water was recharged greater than 10,000 years ago. The later finding strongly suggests a connection between the glacial aquifer and underlying bedrock aquifers. Statistical analysis of glacial aquifer hydrogeology and age metrics show groundwater ages are young (less than few 100 years) and more susceptible to land surface contamination (larger SI) in unconfined and shallow portions of the aquifer. Old groundwater (greater than 1000 years) is more often associated with thicker sequences of fine grain sediments and/or shallow bedrock. Calculated SI is shown to be more strongly related to the number of land surface contaminants detected than mean age or fraction modern. Statistical analysis of SI and hydrogeology indicates SI is largely dictated by well depth and confinement. This study demonstrates how sample network design can be used to characterize groundwater age of large aquifers with a limited number of samples and how interpretation of environmental tracers can be used to improve conceptual models of groundwater aquifers and identify groundwater susceptible to contamination.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.124505","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Solder, J.E., Jurgens, B., Stackelberg, P.E., and Shope, C., 2020, Environmental tracer evidence for connection between shallow and bedrock aquifers and high intrinsic susceptibility to contamination of the conterminous U.S. glacial aquifer: Journal of Hydrology, v. 583, 124505, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.124505.","productDescription":"124505, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-090099","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science 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rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-24T12:08:16","indexId":"70207547","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-22T11:55:27","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An experimental evaluation of the feasibility of inferring concentrations of a visible tracer dye from remotely sensed data in turbid rivers","docAbstract":"The movement of contaminants and biota within river channels is influenced by the flow field via various processes of dispersion. Understanding and modeling of these processes thus can facilitate applications ranging from the prediction of travel times for spills of toxic materials to the simulation of larval drift for endangered species of fish. A common means of examining dispersion in rivers involves conducting tracer experiments with a visible tracer dye. Whereas conventional in situ instruments can only measure variations in dye concentration over time at specific, fixed locations, remote sensing could provide more detailed, spatially distributed information for characterizing dispersion patterns and validating two-dimensional numerical models. Although previous studies have demonstrated the potential to infer dye concentrations from remotely sensed data in clear-flowing streams, whether this approach can be applied to more turbid rivers remains an open question. To evaluate the feasibility of mapping spatial patterns of dispersion in streams with greater turbidity, we conducted an experiment that involved manipulating dye concentration and turbidity while acquiring field spectra and hyperspectral and RGB (red, green, blue) images from a small Unoccupied Aircraft System (sUAS). Applying an Optimal Band Ratio Analysis (OBRA) algorithm to these data sets indicated strong relationships between reflectance (i.e., water color) and Rhodamine WT dye concentration across four different turbidity levels from 40-60 NTU. Moreover, we obtained high correlations between spectrally based quantities (i.e., band ratios) and dye concentration for the original, essentially continuous field spectra; field spectra resampled to the bands of a five-band imaging system and an RGB camera; and both hyperspectral and RGB images acquired from a sUAS during the experiment. The results of this study thus confirmed the potential to map dispersion patterns of tracer dye via remote sensing and suggested that this approach can be extended to more turbid rivers than those examined previously.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs12010057","usgsCitation":"Legleiter, C.J., Manley, P., Erwin, S.O., and Bulliner, E.A., 2020, An experimental evaluation of the feasibility of inferring concentrations of a visible tracer dye from remotely sensed data in turbid rivers: Remote Sensing, v. 12, no. 1, 57, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12010057.","productDescription":"57, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-112896","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458311,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12010057","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":437185,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P91ZRGKQ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Field spectra, UAS-based hyperspectral and RGB images, and in situ measurements of turbidity and Rhodamine WT dye concentration from an experiment conducted at the USGS Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, MO, on April 2, 2019"},{"id":370672,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"Columbia","otherGeospatial":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.28494167327881,\n 38.905995699991145\n ],\n [\n -92.27007150650024,\n 38.905995699991145\n ],\n [\n -92.27007150650024,\n 38.91711561447239\n ],\n [\n -92.28494167327881,\n 38.91711561447239\n ],\n [\n -92.28494167327881,\n 38.905995699991145\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Legleiter, Carl J. 0000-0003-0940-8013 cjl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-8013","contributorId":169002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legleiter","given":"Carl","email":"cjl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manley, Paul 0000-0001-6062-1149","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6062-1149","contributorId":221490,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Manley","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37501,"text":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Erwin, Susannah O. 0000-0002-2799-0118 serwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2799-0118","contributorId":5183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"Susannah","email":"serwin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bulliner, Edward A. 0000-0002-2774-9295 ebulliner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2774-9295","contributorId":4983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bulliner","given":"Edward","email":"ebulliner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70207590,"text":"70207590 - 2020 - Colony-forming unit spreadplate assay versus liquid culture enrichment-polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Bacillus Endospores in soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-30T16:20:46","indexId":"70207590","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-21T16:19:07","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1816,"text":"Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Colony-forming unit spreadplate assay versus liquid culture enrichment-polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Bacillus Endospores in soils","docAbstract":"A liquid culture enrichment-polymerase chain reaction (E-PCR) assay was investigated as a potential tool to overcome inhibition by chemical component, debris, and background biological impurities in soil that were affecting detection assay performance for soil samples containing Bacillus atrophaeus subsp. globigii (a surrogate for B. anthracis). To evaluate this assay, 9 g of matched sets of three different soil types (loamy sand [sand], sandy loam [loam] and clay) was spiked with 0, ~4.5, 45, 225, 675 and 1350 endospores. One matched set was evaluated using a previously published endospore concentration and colony-forming unit spreadplate (CFU-S) assay and the other matched set was evaluated using an E-PCR assay to investigate differences in limits of detection between the two assays. Data illustrated that detection using the CFU-S assay at the 45-endospore spike level started to become sporadic whereas the E-PCR assay produced repeatable detection at the ~4.5-endospore spike concentration. The E-PCR produced an ~2-log increase in sensitivity and required slightly less time to complete than the CFU-S assay. This study also investigated differences in recovery among pure and blended sand and clay soils and found potential activation of B. anthracis in predominately clay-based soils.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/geosciences10010005","usgsCitation":"Griffin, D.W., Lisle, J.T., Feldhake, D., and Silvestri, E.E., 2020, Colony-forming unit spreadplate assay versus liquid culture enrichment-polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Bacillus Endospores in soils: Geosciences, v. 1, no. 10, 5, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10010005.","productDescription":"5, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-105751","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10010005","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":370875,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffin, Dale W. 0000-0003-1719-5812 dgriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1719-5812","contributorId":2178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale","email":"dgriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisle, John T. 0000-0002-5447-2092 jlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5447-2092","contributorId":2944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisle","given":"John","email":"jlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feldhake, David","contributorId":176367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feldhake","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Silvestri, Erin E.","contributorId":127343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silvestri","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70215153,"text":"70215153 - 2020 - A hydrologic landscapes perspective on groundwater connectivity of depressional wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-08T14:52:59.912851","indexId":"70215153","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-21T09:46:32","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3709,"text":"Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A hydrologic landscapes perspective on groundwater connectivity of depressional wetlands","docAbstract":"
Research into processes governing the hydrologic connectivity of depressional wetlands has advanced rapidly in recent years. Nevertheless, a need persists for broadly applicable, non-site-specific guidance to facilitate further research. Here, we explicitly use the hydrologic landscapes theoretical framework to develop broadly applicable conceptual knowledge of depressional-wetland hydrologic connectivity. We used a numerical model to simulate the groundwater flow through five generic hydrologic landscapes. Next, we inserted depressional wetlands into the generic landscapes and repeated the modeling exercise. The results strongly characterize groundwater connectivity from uplands to lowlands as being predominantly indirect. Groundwater flowed from uplands and most of it was discharged to the surface at a concave-upward break in slope, possibly continuing as surface water to lowlands. Additionally, we found that groundwater connectivity of the depressional wetlands was primarily determined by the slope of the adjacent water table. However, we identified certain arrangements of landforms that caused the water table to fall sharply and not follow the surface contour. Finally, we synthesize our findings and provide guidance to practitioners and resource managers regarding the management significance of indirect groundwater discharge and the effect of depressional wetland groundwater connectivity on pond permanence and connectivity. 
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/w12010050","usgsCitation":"Neff, B.P., Rosenberry, D.O., Leibowitz, S.G., Mushet, D.M., Golden, H.E., Rains, M.C., Brooks, R., and Lane, C., 2020, A hydrologic landscapes perspective on groundwater connectivity of depressional wetlands: Water, v. 12, no. 1, 50, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/w12010050.","productDescription":"50, 29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-111844","costCenters":[{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458317,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w12010050","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379231,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neff, Brian P. 0000-0003-3718-7350","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3718-7350","contributorId":242891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neff","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6655,"text":"University of Waterloo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leibowitz, Scott G.","contributorId":156432,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leibowitz","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744 dmushet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":1299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David","email":"dmushet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":801020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Golden, Heather E.","contributorId":202423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Golden","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36429,"text":"USEPA ORD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rains, Mark C.","contributorId":138983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rains","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12607,"text":"Univ of South florida, School of Geosciences, Tampa FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brooks, Renee 0000-0002-5008-9774","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5008-9774","contributorId":242892,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooks","given":"Renee","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lane, Charles R.","contributorId":138991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lane","given":"Charles R.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":801024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70206612,"text":"70206612 - 2020 - Post-12 Ma deformation of the lower Colorado River corridor, southwestern USA: Implications for diffuse transtension and the Bouse Formation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-06T11:33:10","indexId":"70206612","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-20T17:17:32","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-12 Ma deformation of the lower Colorado River corridor, southwestern USA: Implications for diffuse transtension and the Bouse Formation","docAbstract":"

Structural evidence presented here documents that deformation was ongoing within the lower Colorado River corridor (southwestern USA) during and after the latest Miocene Epoch, postdating large-magnitude extension and metamorphic core complex formation. Geometric and kinematic data collected on faults in key geologic units constrain the timing of deformation in relation to the age of the Bouse Formation, a unit that records the first arrival and integration of the Colorado River. North-south–striking extensional, NW-SE–striking oblique dextral, NE-SW–striking oblique sinistral, and east-west–striking contractional faults and related structures are observed to deform pre– (>6 Ma), syn– (6–4.8 Ma), and post–Bouse Formation (<4.8 Ma) strata. Fault displacements are typically at the centimeter to meter scale, and locally exhibit 10-m-scale displacements. Bouse Formation basalt carbonate locally exhibits outcrop-scale (tens of meters) syndepositional dips of 30°–90°, draped over and encrusted upon paleotopography, and has a basin-wide vertical distribution of as much as 500 m. We argue that part of this vertical distribution of Bouse Formation deposits represents syn- and post-Bouse deformation that enhanced north-south–trending depocenters due to combined tectonic and isostatic subsidence in a regional fault kinematic framework of east-west diffuse extension within an overall strain field of dextral transtension. Here we (1) characterize post-detachment tectonism within the corridor, (2) show that diffuse tectonism is cumulatively significant and likely modified original elevations of Bouse Formation outcrops, and (3) demonstrate that this tectonism may have played a role in the integration history of the lower Colorado River. We suggest a model whereby intracontinental transtension took place in a several hundred kilometers-wide area inboard of the San Andreas fault within a diffuse Pacific–North America plate margin since the latest Miocene.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES02104.1","usgsCitation":"Thacker, J., Karlstrom, K., Crossey, L., Crow, R.S., Cassidy, C., Beard, L.S., Singleton, J., Strickland, E., Seymour, N., and Wyatt, M., 2020, Post-12 Ma deformation of the lower Colorado River corridor, southwestern USA: Implications for diffuse transtension and the Bouse Formation: Geosphere, v. 16, no. 1, p. 111-135, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02104.1.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"135","ipdsId":"IP-104568","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458319,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02104.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":371093,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Lower Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.6201171875,\n 32.7872745269555\n ],\n [\n -113.51074218749999,\n 32.7872745269555\n ],\n [\n -113.51074218749999,\n 35.94243575255426\n ],\n [\n -115.6201171875,\n 35.94243575255426\n ],\n [\n -115.6201171875,\n 32.7872745269555\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thacker, Jacob 0000-0001-7174-6115 jthacker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7174-6115","contributorId":187771,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thacker","given":"Jacob","email":"jthacker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karlstrom, Karl","contributorId":218165,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karlstrom","given":"Karl","affiliations":[{"id":16658,"text":"UNM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crossey, Laura","contributorId":220554,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crossey","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":16658,"text":"UNM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crow, Ryan S. 0000-0002-2403-6361 rcrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-6361","contributorId":5792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crow","given":"Ryan","email":"rcrow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cassidy, Colleen 0000-0003-2963-9185","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-9185","contributorId":207193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cassidy","given":"Colleen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Beard, L. Sue 0000-0001-9552-1893 sbeard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9552-1893","contributorId":152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","given":"L.","email":"sbeard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Sue","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Singleton, John","contributorId":220555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singleton","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Strickland, Evan","contributorId":220556,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strickland","given":"Evan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Seymour, Nikki","contributorId":220557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seymour","given":"Nikki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wyatt, Michael","contributorId":220558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wyatt","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":775181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70207543,"text":"70207543 - 2020 - Invertebrate communities of Prairie-Pothole wetlands in the age of the aquatic Homogenocene","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-12T16:29:50.24873","indexId":"70207543","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-20T11:44:21","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Invertebrate communities of Prairie-Pothole wetlands in the age of the aquatic Homogenocene","docAbstract":"

Simplification of communities is a common consequence of anthropogenic modification. However, the prevalence and mechanisms of biotic homogenization among wetland systems require further examination. Biota of wetlands in the North American Prairie Pothole Region are adapted to high spatial and temporal variability in ponded-water duration and salinity. Recent climate change, however, has resulted in decreased hydrologic variability. Land-use changes have exacerbated this loss of variability. We used aquatic-macroinvertebrate data from 16 prairie-pothole wetlands sampled between 1992 and 2015 to explore homogenization of wetland communities. Macroinvertebrate communities of small wetlands that continued to cycle between wet and dry phases experienced greater turnover and supported unique taxa compared to larger wetlands that shifted towards less dynamic permanently ponded, lake-like regimes. Temporal turnover in beta-diversity was lowest in these permanently ponded wetlands. Additionally, wetlands that shifted to permanently ponded regimes also experienced a shift from palustrine to lacustrine communities. While increased pond permanence can increase species and overall beta-diversity in local areas previously lacking lake communities, homogenization of wetland communities at a larger, landscape scale can result in an overall loss of biodiversity as the diverse communities of many wetland systems become increasingly similar to those of lakes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer International Publishing","doi":"10.1007/s10750-019-04154-4","usgsCitation":"McLean, K., Mushet, D.M., Sweetman, J.N., Anteau, M.J., and Wiltermuth, M.T., 2020, Invertebrate communities of Prairie-Pothole wetlands in the age of the aquatic Homogenocene: Hydrobiologia, v. 847, p. 3773-3793, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-019-04154-4.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"3773","endPage":"3793","ipdsId":"IP-111199","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370671,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","county":"Stutsman County","otherGeospatial":"Cottonwood Lake Study Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.77999114990234,\n 47.820762392755846\n ],\n [\n -100.63407897949219,\n 47.820762392755846\n ],\n [\n -100.63407897949219,\n 47.939116930322\n ],\n [\n -100.77999114990234,\n 47.939116930322\n ],\n [\n -100.77999114990234,\n 47.820762392755846\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"847","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLean, Kyle 0000-0003-3803-0136 kmclean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3803-0136","contributorId":168533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLean","given":"Kyle","email":"kmclean@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744 dmushet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":1299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David","email":"dmushet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sweetman, Jon N. 0000-0002-9849-7355","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9849-7355","contributorId":221489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sweetman","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":12471,"text":"North Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":778409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anteau, Michael J. 0000-0002-5173-5870 manteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-5870","contributorId":3427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"Michael","email":"manteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wiltermuth, Mark T. 0000-0002-8871-2816 mwiltermuth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8871-2816","contributorId":708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiltermuth","given":"Mark","email":"mwiltermuth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70207540,"text":"70207540 - 2020 - Alternative stable states in inherently unstable systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-06T11:23:06","indexId":"70207540","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-20T11:43:17","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alternative stable states in inherently unstable systems","docAbstract":"

Alternative stable states are nontransitory states within which communities can exist. However, even highly dynamic communities can be viewed within the framework of stable‐state theory if an appropriate “ecologically relevant” time scale is identified. The ecologically relevant time scale for dynamic systems needs to conform to the amount of time needed for a system's community to complete an entire cycle through its normal range of variation. For some systems, the ecologically relevant period can be relatively short (eg, tidal systems), for others it can be decadal (eg, prairie wetlands). We explore the concept of alternative stable states in unstable systems using the highly dynamic wetland ecosystems of North America's Prairie Pothole Region. The communities in these wetland ecosystems transition through multiple states in response to decadal‐long climate oscillations that cyclically influence ponded‐water depth, permanence, and chemistry. The perspective gained by considering dynamic systems in the context of stable‐state theory allows for an increased understanding of how these systems respond to changing drivers that can push them past tipping points into alternative states. Incorporation of concepts inherent to stable‐state theory has been suggested as a key scientific element upon which to base sustainable environmental management.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ece3.5944","usgsCitation":"Mushet, D.M., McKenna, O.P., and McLean, K., 2020, Alternative stable states in inherently unstable systems: Ecology and Evolution, v. 10, no. 2, p. 843-850, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5944.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"843","endPage":"850","ipdsId":"IP-102838","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5944","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":370670,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alberta, Iowa, Manitoba, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Saskatchewan, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Prairie Potholes Wetlands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.27929687499999,\n 56.12106042504407\n ],\n [\n -113.64257812499999,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -113.37890625,\n 47.81315451752768\n ],\n [\n -102.12890625,\n 47.87214396888731\n ],\n [\n -99.66796875,\n 44.08758502824516\n ],\n [\n -93.955078125,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -92.63671875,\n 42.22851735620852\n ],\n [\n -95.00976562499999,\n 47.69497434186282\n ],\n [\n -99.84374999999999,\n 51.23440735163459\n ],\n [\n -106.61132812499999,\n 54.059387886623576\n ],\n [\n -109.86328125,\n 55.677584411089526\n ],\n [\n -116.27929687499999,\n 56.12106042504407\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744 dmushet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":1299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David","email":"dmushet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKenna, Owen P. 0000-0002-5937-9436 omckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5937-9436","contributorId":198598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"Owen","email":"omckenna@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":778404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McLean, Kyle 0000-0003-3803-0136 kmclean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3803-0136","contributorId":168533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLean","given":"Kyle","email":"kmclean@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70211033,"text":"70211033 - 2020 - From theory to experiments for testing the proximate mechanisms of mast seeding: An agenda for an experimental ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-10T20:47:51.716539","indexId":"70211033","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-19T15:44:29","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1466,"text":"Ecology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From theory to experiments for testing the proximate mechanisms of mast seeding: An agenda for an experimental ecology","docAbstract":"Highly variable and synchronised production of seeds by plant populations is called masting and is implicated in many important ecological processes, but how it arises remains poorly understood. The lack of experimental studies prevents underlying mechanisms from being explicitly tested, and thereby precludes meaningful predictions on the consequences of changing environments for plant reproductive patterns and global vegetation dynamics. Here we review the most relevant hypothetical drivers of masting and outline a research agenda that takes the biology of masting from a largely observational field of ecology to one rooted in mechanistic understanding. We divide the experimental framework into three main processes: resource dynamics, pollen limitation, and genetic and hormonal regulation, and illustrate how specific predictions about proximate mechanisms can be tested, highlighting the few successful experiments as examples. We envision that the experiments we outline will deliver new insights into how and why masting patterns might respond to a changing environment.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ele.13442","usgsCitation":"Bogdziewicz, M., Ascoli, D., Hacket-Pain, A., Koenig, W., Pearse, I., Pesendorfer, M.B., Satake, A., Thomas, P., Vacchiano, G., Wohlgemuth, T., and Tanentzap, A., 2020, From theory to experiments for testing the proximate mechanisms of mast seeding: An agenda for an experimental ecology: Ecology Letters, v. 23, no. 2, p. 210-220, https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13442.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"210","endPage":"220","ipdsId":"IP-113960","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458328,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13442","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376267,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bogdziewicz, M.","contributorId":228912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bogdziewicz","given":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40150,"text":"Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ascoli, Davide","contributorId":224289,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ascoli","given":"Davide","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40848,"text":"University of Torino","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hacket-Pain, Andrew","contributorId":224290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hacket-Pain","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":16977,"text":"University of Liverpool","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koenig, W. D.","contributorId":225096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koenig","given":"W. D.","affiliations":[{"id":36682,"text":"Cornell Lab of Ornithology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pearse, Ian S. 0000-0001-7098-0495","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7098-0495","contributorId":211154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Ian","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":792501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pesendorfer, Mario B.","contributorId":201187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pesendorfer","given":"Mario","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":792502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Satake, A.","contributorId":228913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Satake","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41525,"text":"Kyushu University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Thomas, P.","contributorId":211421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":792504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Vacchiano, Giorgio","contributorId":224295,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vacchiano","given":"Giorgio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40851,"text":"University of Milan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wohlgemuth, T.","contributorId":228914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wohlgemuth","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40850,"text":"Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Tanentzap, A.","contributorId":228915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanentzap","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27136,"text":"University of Cambridge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":792507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70211941,"text":"70211941 - 2020 - Geophysical characterization of a Proterozoic REE terrane at Mountain Pass, eastern Mojave Desert, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-12T20:06:20.547455","indexId":"70211941","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-19T15:00:52","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geophysical characterization of a Proterozoic REE terrane at Mountain Pass, eastern Mojave Desert, California","docAbstract":"

Mountain Pass, California (USA), located in the eastern Mojave Desert, hosts one of the world’s richest rare earth element (REE) deposits. The REE-rich terrane occurs in a 2.5-km-wide, northwest-trending belt of Mesoproterozoic (1.4 Ga) stocks and dikes, which intrude a larger Paleoproterozoic (1.7 Ga) metamorphic block that extends ∼10 km southward from Clark Mountain to the eastern Mescal Range. To characterize the REE terrane, gravity, magnetic, magnetotelluric, and whole-rock physical property data were analyzed. Geophysical data reveal that the Mountain Pass carbonatite body is associated with an ∼5 mGal local gravity high that is superimposed on a gravity terrace (∼4 km wide) caused by granitic Paleoproterozoic host rocks. Physical rock property data indicate that the Mountain Pass REE suite is essentially nonmagnetic at the surface with a magnetic susceptibility of 2.0 × 10−3 SI (n = 57), and lower-than-expected magnetizations may be the result of alteration. However, aeromagnetic data indicate that the intrusive suite occurs along the eastern edge of a distinct northwest-trending aeromagnetic high along the eastern Mescal Range. The source of this magnetic anomaly is ∼1.5–2 km below the surface and coincides with an electrical conductivity zone that is several orders of magnitude more conductive than the surrounding rock. The source of the magnetic anomaly is likely a moderately magnetic pluton. Combined geophysical data and models suggest that the carbonatite and its associated REE-enriched ultrapotassic suite were preferentially emplaced along a northwest-trending zone of weakness, which has potential implications for regional mineral exploration.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES02066.1","usgsCitation":"Denton, K., Ponce, D.A., Peacock, J., and Miller, D., 2020, Geophysical characterization of a Proterozoic REE terrane at Mountain Pass, eastern Mojave Desert, California: Geosphere, v. 16, no. 1, p. 456-471, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02066.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"456","endPage":"471","ipdsId":"IP-097916","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02066.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377423,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mountain Pass","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.04583740234374,\n 35.0254981588326\n ],\n [\n -115.103759765625,\n 35.0254981588326\n ],\n [\n -115.103759765625,\n 35.628279555648845\n ],\n [\n -116.04583740234374,\n 35.628279555648845\n ],\n [\n -116.04583740234374,\n 35.0254981588326\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Denton, Kevin 0000-0001-9604-4021","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9604-4021","contributorId":207718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denton","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ponce, David A. 0000-0003-4785-7354 ponce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":1049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"David","email":"ponce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peacock, Jared R. 0000-0002-0439-0224","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0439-0224","contributorId":210082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacock","given":"Jared R.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":140769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70222079,"text":"70222079 - 2020 - Shift in the Raman symmetric stretching band of N2, CO2, and CH4 as a function of temperature, pressure, and density","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-20T11:43:16.251262","indexId":"70222079","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-19T10:49:53","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5508,"text":"Journal of Raman Spectroscopy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Shift in the Raman symmetric stretching band of N2, CO2, and CH4 as a function of temperature, pressure, and density","title":"Shift in the Raman symmetric stretching band of N2, CO2, and CH4 as a function of temperature, pressure, and density","docAbstract":"

The Raman spectra of pure N2, CO2, and CH4 were analyzed over the range 10 to 500 bars and from −160°C to 200°C (N2), 22°C to 350°C (CO2), and −100°C to 450°C (CH4). At constant temperature, Raman peak position, including the more intense CO2 peak (ν+), decreases (shifts to lower wave number) with increasing pressure for all three gases over the entire pressure and temperature (PT) range studied. At constant pressure, the peak position for CO2 and CH4 increases (shifts to higher wave number) with increasing temperature over the entire PT range studied. In contrast, N2 first shows an increase in peak position with increasing temperature at constant pressure, followed by a decrease in peak position with increasing temperature. The inflection temperature at which the trend reverses for N2 is located between 0°C and 50°C at pressures above ~50 bars and is pressure dependent. Below ~50 bars, the inflection temperature was observed as low as −120°C. The shifts in Raman peak positions with PT are related to relative density changes, which reflect changes in intermolecular attraction and repulsion. A conceptual model relating the Raman spectral properties of N2, CO2, and CH4 to relative density (volume) changes and attractive and repulsive forces is presented here. Additionally, reduced temperature-dependent densimeters and barometers are presented for each pure component over the respective PT ranges. The Raman spectral behavior of the pure gases as a function of temperature and pressure is assessed to provide a framework for understanding the behavior of each component in multicomponent N2-CO2-CH4 gas systems in a future study.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jrs.5805","usgsCitation":"Sublett, D.M., Sendula, E., Lamadrid, H., Steele-MacInnis, M., Spiekermann, G., Burruss, R., and Bodnar, R., 2020, Shift in the Raman symmetric stretching band of N2, CO2, and CH4 as a function of temperature, pressure, and density: Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, v. 51, no. 3, p. 555-568, https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.5805.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"555","endPage":"568","ipdsId":"IP-111317","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.5805","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387232,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sublett, D. Matthew","contributorId":261188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sublett","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sendula, Eszter","contributorId":261189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sendula","given":"Eszter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lamadrid, Hector","contributorId":261190,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamadrid","given":"Hector","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steele-MacInnis, Matthew","contributorId":261191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steele-MacInnis","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36696,"text":"University of Alberta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Spiekermann, Georg","contributorId":261192,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spiekermann","given":"Georg","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52768,"text":". Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Potsdam","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Burruss, Robert 0000-0001-6827-804X burruss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-804X","contributorId":146833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burruss","given":"Robert","email":"burruss@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bodnar, Robert J.","contributorId":261193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bodnar","given":"Robert J.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70210758,"text":"70210758 - 2020 - Postmortem evaluation of reintroduced migratory whooping cranes (Grus americana) in eastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-21T16:54:08.35167","indexId":"70210758","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-19T10:17:53","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3768,"text":"Wildlife Disease","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Postmortem evaluation of reintroduced migratory whooping cranes (Grus americana) in eastern North America","title":"Postmortem evaluation of reintroduced migratory whooping cranes (Grus americana) in eastern North America","docAbstract":"

We reviewed necropsy records of 124 Whooping Cranes (Grus americana) recovered following reintroduction of 268 individuals from 2001 to 2016 in the eastern US. Causes of death were determined in 62% (77/124) of cases facilitated by active monitoring that limited decomposition and scavenging artifact. The greatest proportions of mortality were caused by predation (0.468; 95% confidence interval 0.356–0.580; 36/77), collision with power lines or vehicles (0.260; 0.162–0.358; 20/77), and gunshot (0.169; 0.085–0.253; 13/77). Six deaths were attributed to infection (0.078; 0.018–0.138; 6/77), including bacterial and fungal etiologies. Lead analysis of 50 liver samples yielded two results with elevated concentrations (3.65 and 10.97 ppm wet weight), and 10 bone samples from partial carcasses lacking suitable liver tissue resulted in one elevated result (48.82 ppm dry weight). These data indicate that underlying subclinical or clinical lead toxicosis may be a factor in up to 5% of deaths attributed to predation or impact trauma. Brain cholinesterase activity testing indicated no exposure to organophosphate or carbamate pesticides (mean±SD=17.32±2.90 µmol/min/g, 31/71). The causes of death and potential underlying factors summarized in this study constitute the first definitive mortality survey of migratory Whooping Cranes based on a high carcass recovery rate. Causes of death by infectious etiologies remained comparatively rare in this study, and occurred as single cases with no evidence of sustained transmission among reintroduced Whooping Cranes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/2019-05-124","usgsCitation":"Yaw, T.J., Miller, K.J., Lankton, J.S., and Hartup, B.K., 2020, Postmortem evaluation of reintroduced migratory whooping cranes (Grus americana) in eastern North America: Wildlife Disease, v. 56, no. 3, p. 673-678, https://doi.org/10.7589/2019-05-124.","productDescription":"6 p.; Data Release","startPage":"673","endPage":"678","ipdsId":"IP-104967","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375814,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":418310,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9MR4XN4"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Eastern North America","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.5517578125,\n 25.3241665257384\n ],\n [\n -79.8046875,\n 27.449790329784214\n ],\n [\n -80.947265625,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -75.1025390625,\n 35.88905007936091\n ],\n [\n -76.2451171875,\n 38.95940879245423\n ],\n [\n -76.11328125,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 39.774769485295465\n ],\n [\n -80.37597656249999,\n 41.96765920367816\n ],\n [\n -78.662109375,\n 47.66538735632654\n ],\n [\n -81.1669921875,\n 52.26815737376817\n ],\n [\n -92.59277343749999,\n 52.16045455774706\n ],\n [\n -96.94335937499999,\n 52.696361078274485\n ],\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -96.6357421875,\n 43.54854811091286\n ],\n [\n -95.97656249999999,\n 41.376808565702355\n ],\n [\n -97.3828125,\n 31.653381399664\n ],\n [\n -96.8994140625,\n 27.68352808378776\n ],\n [\n -92.8125,\n 28.844673680771795\n ],\n [\n -88.06640625,\n 29.305561325527698\n ],\n [\n -84.814453125,\n 29.267232865200878\n ],\n [\n -82.529296875,\n 27.01998400798257\n ],\n [\n -80.5517578125,\n 25.3241665257384\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yaw, Taylor J.","contributorId":225414,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yaw","given":"Taylor","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":41101,"text":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Kimberli J.G. 0000-0002-7947-0894","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7947-0894","contributorId":81447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Kimberli","email":"","middleInitial":"J.G.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lankton, Julia S. 0000-0002-6843-4388 jlankton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6843-4388","contributorId":5888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lankton","given":"Julia","email":"jlankton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":791306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hartup, Barry K.","contributorId":209630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hartup","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":16606,"text":"International Crane Foundation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":791307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70237931,"text":"70237931 - 2020 - The method controls the story - Sampling method impacts on the detection of pore-water nitrogen concentrations in streambeds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-01T16:00:00.148611","indexId":"70237931","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-19T09:50:57","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The method controls the story - Sampling method impacts on the detection of pore-water nitrogen concentrations in streambeds","docAbstract":"

Biogeochemical gradients in streambeds are steep and can vary over short distances often making adequate characterisation of sediment biogeochemical processes challenging. This paper provides an overview and comparison of streambed pore-water sampling methods, highlighting their capacity to address gaps in our understanding of streambed biogeochemical processes. This work reviews and critiques available pore-water sampling techniques to characterise streambed biogeochemical conditions, including their characteristic spatial and temporal resolutions, and associated advantages and limitations. A field study comparing three commonly-used pore-water sampling techniques (multilevel mini-piezometers, miniature drivepoint samplers and diffusive equilibrium in thin-film gels) was conducted to assess differences in observed nitrate and ammonium concentration profiles. Pore-water nitrate concentrations did not differ significantly between sampling methods (p-value = 0.54) with mean concentrations of 2.53, 4.08 and 4.02 mg l−1 observed with the multilevel mini-piezometers, miniature drivepoint samplers and diffusive equilibrium in thin-film gel samplers, respectively. Pore-water ammonium concentrations, however, were significantly higher in pore-water extracted by multilevel mini-piezometers (3.83 mg l−1) and significantly lower where sampled with miniature drivepoint samplers (1.05 mg l−1, p-values <0.01). Differences in observed pore-water ammonium concentration profiles between active (suction: multilevel mini-piezometers) and passive (equilibrium; diffusive equilibrium in thin-film gels) samplers were further explored under laboratory conditions. Measured pore-water ammonium concentrations were significantly greater when sampled by diffusive equilibrium in thin-film gels than with multilevel mini-piezometers (all p-values ≤0.02).

The findings of this study have critical implications for the interpretation of field-based research on hyporheic zone biogeochemical cycling and highlight the need for more systematic testing of sampling protocols. For the first time, the impact of different active and passive pore-water sampling methods is addressed systematically here, highlighting to what degree the choice of pore-water sampling methods affects research outcomes, with relevance for the interpretation of previously published work as well as future studies.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136075","usgsCitation":"Comer-Warner, S., Knapp, J.L., Blaen, P.J., Klaar, M., Shelley, F., Zarnetske, J.P., Lee-Cullen, J., Folegot, S., Kurz, M., Lewandowski, J., Harvey, J., Ward, A., Mendoza-Lera, C., Ullah, S., Datry, T., Kettridge, N., Gooddy, D., Drummond, J., Marti, E., Milner, A., Hannah, D., and Krause, S., 2020, The method controls the story - Sampling method impacts on the detection of pore-water nitrogen concentrations in streambeds: Science of the Total Environment, v. 709, 136075, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136075.","productDescription":"136075, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-114183","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":458336,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136075","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":408992,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"709","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Comer-Warner, Sophie 0000-0003-1260-3151","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1260-3151","contributorId":298689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Comer-Warner","given":"Sophie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64658,"text":"Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knapp, Julia LA","contributorId":243624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knapp","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"LA","affiliations":[{"id":48754,"text":"Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blaen, Phillip J","contributorId":242774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blaen","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":48522,"text":"School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klaar, Megan","contributorId":298690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klaar","given":"Megan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64659,"text":"School of Geography and Water, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shelley, Felicity","contributorId":298691,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shelley","given":"Felicity","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64660,"text":"Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zarnetske, Jay P.","contributorId":210073,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zarnetske","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lee-Cullen, Joseph","contributorId":298692,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee-Cullen","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64662,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Folegot, Silvia","contributorId":298693,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Folegot","given":"Silvia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64663,"text":"Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Universitätsplatz 5 - 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Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Ward, Adam 0000-0002-6376-0061","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6376-0061","contributorId":296003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40154,"text":"Indiana University Bloomington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Mendoza-Lera, Clara","contributorId":298695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mendoza-Lera","given":"Clara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64665,"text":"Department of Freshwater Conservation Brandenburg University of Technology BTU Cottbus–Senftenberg Bad Saarow Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Ullah, Sami","contributorId":298696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ullah","given":"Sami","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64658,"text":"Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Datry, Thibault 0000-0003-1390-6736","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1390-6736","contributorId":225166,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Datry","given":"Thibault","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41062,"text":"Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 69626 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Kettridge, Nicholas","contributorId":298784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kettridge","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":856386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Gooddy, Daren","contributorId":298785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gooddy","given":"Daren","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":856387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Drummond, Jennifer","contributorId":298786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drummond","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":856388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Marti, Eugenia","contributorId":243628,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marti","given":"Eugenia","affiliations":[{"id":48756,"text":"Integrative Freshwater Ecology Group, Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Milner, Alexander","contributorId":242787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milner","given":"Alexander","affiliations":[{"id":48522,"text":"School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Hannah, David","contributorId":242779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hannah","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":48522,"text":"School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Krause, Stefan","contributorId":242782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krause","given":"Stefan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48522,"text":"School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22}]}} ,{"id":70215091,"text":"70215091 - 2020 - The relative importance of wetland area versus habitat heterogeneity for promoting species richness and abundance of wetland birds in the Prairie Pothole Region, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-08T13:35:36.883808","indexId":"70215091","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-19T08:28:57","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relative importance of wetland area versus habitat heterogeneity for promoting species richness and abundance of wetland birds in the Prairie Pothole Region, USA","docAbstract":"

Recent work has suggested that a tradeoff exists between habitat area and habitat heterogeneity, with a moderate amount of heterogeneity supporting greatest species richness. Support for this unimodal relationship has been mixed and has differed among habitats and taxa. We examined the relationship between habitat heterogeneity and species richness after accounting for habitat area in glacially formed wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region in the United States at both local and landscape scales. We tested for area–habitat heterogeneity tradeoffs in wetland bird species richness, the richness of groups of similar species, and in species’ abundances. We then identified the habitat relationships for individual species and the relative importance of wetland area vs. habitat heterogeneity and other wetland characteristics. We found that habitat area was the primary driver of species richness and abundance. Additional variation in richness and abundance could be explained by habitat heterogeneity or other wetland and landscape characteristics. Overall avian species richness responded unimodally to habitat heterogeneity, suggesting an area–heterogeneity tradeoff. Group richness and abundance metrics showed either unimodal or linear relationships with habitat heterogeneity. Habitat heterogeneity indices at local and landscape scales were important for some, but not all, species and avian groups. Both abundance of individual species and species richness of most avian groups were higher on publicly owned wetlands than on privately owned wetlands, on restored wetlands than natural wetlands, and on permanent wetlands than on wetlands of other classes. However, we found that all wetlands examined, regardless of ownership, restoration status, and wetland class, supported wetland-obligate birds. Thus, protection of all wetland types contributes to species conservation. Our results support conventional wisdom that protection of large wetlands is a priority but also indicate that maintaining habitat heterogeneity will enhance biodiversity and support higher populations of individual species.

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0000-0002-7778-6641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":223588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70227481,"text":"70227481 - 2020 - Future losses of playa wetlands decrease network structure and connectivity of the Rainwater Basin, Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-19T12:50:27.021336","indexId":"70227481","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-19T06:45:48","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Future losses of playa wetlands decrease network structure and connectivity of the Rainwater Basin, Nebraska","docAbstract":"

Context

The Rainwater Basin in south-central Nebraska once supported a complex network of ~ 12,000 spatially-isolated playa wetlands, but ~ 90% have been lost since European settlement. Future losses are likely and expected reductions in connectivity could further isolate populations, increasing local extinction rates of many wetland species. However, to what extent future losses will affect wildlife likely depends on the role of lost wetlands in maintaining connectivity.

Objectives

We compared the current Rainwater Basin network to future wetland loss scenarios to assess minimum, mean, and maximum effects of losses on network connectivity for a range of wildlife taxa.

Methods

We used network models to rank wetlands by their functionality and relative importance in maintaining connectivity. We then removed 10–50% of high-ranked, low-ranked, or random subsets of wetlands and assessed connectivity of the remaining network.

Results

A 10% loss of highly-ranked wetlands substantially decreased connectivity for species with dispersal capabilities < 5.5 km, while a 40–50% loss reduced connectivity for all tested dispersal distances (0.5–12.0 km). When large proportions of highly-ranked wetlands were lost, the eastern and western halves of the Rainwater Basin network were no longer connected for any dispersal distance. Loss of low-ranked wetlands had minimal effects on network connectivity, until at least the lowest-ranked 50% were removed.

Conclusions

Many highly-ranked playa wetlands in the Rainwater Basin are currently unprotected and might disappear from the landscape. Protecting wetlands that are key in maintaining connectivity especially benefits species with limited dispersal capabilities (< 5.5 km) for which consequences of future habitat losses might be worst.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-019-00958-w","usgsCitation":"Verheijen, B.H., Varner, D.M., and Haukos, D.A., 2020, Future losses of playa wetlands decrease network structure and connectivity of the Rainwater Basin, Nebraska: Landscape Ecology, v. 35, p. 453-467, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-019-00958-w.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"453","endPage":"467","ipdsId":"IP-108305","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394501,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.4482421875,\n 40.07807142745009\n ],\n [\n -96.0205078125,\n 40.07807142745009\n ],\n [\n -96.0205078125,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n -99.4482421875,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n -99.4482421875,\n 40.07807142745009\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verheijen, Bram H.F.","contributorId":271195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Verheijen","given":"Bram","email":"","middleInitial":"H.F.","affiliations":[{"id":48533,"text":"ksu","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Varner, Dana M.","contributorId":271196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Varner","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40582,"text":"Rainwater Basin Joint Venture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}