1. In large‐scale field surveys, a binary recording of each species’ detection or nondetection has been increasingly adopted for its simplicity and low cost. Because of the importance of abundance in many studies, it is desirable to obtain inferences about abundance at species‐, functional group‐, and community‐levels from such binary data.
2. We developed a novel hierarchical multi‐species abundance model based on species‐level detection/nondetection data. The model accounts for the existence of undetected species, and variability in abundance and detectability among species. Species‐level detection/nondetection is linked to species‐level abundance via a detection model that accommodates the expectation that probability of detection (at least one individuals is detected) increases with local abundance of the species. We applied this model to a 9‐year dataset composed of the detection/nondetection of forest birds, at a single post‐fire site (from 7 to 15 years after fire) in a montane area of central Japan. The model allocated undetected species into one of the predefined functional groups by assuming a prior distribution on individual group membership.
3. The results suggest that 15–20 species were missed in each year, and that species richness of communities and functional groups did not change with post‐fire forest succession. Overall abundance of birds and abundance of functional groups tended to increase over time, although only in the winter, while decreases in detectabilities were observed in several species.
4. Synthesis and applications. Understanding and prediction of large‐scale biodiversity dynamics partly hinge on how we can use data effectively. Our hierarchical model for detection/nondetection data estimates abundance in space/time at species‐, functional group‐, and community‐levels while accounting for undetected individuals and species. It also permits comparison of multiple communities by many types of abundance‐based diversity and similarity measures under imperfect detection.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01922.x","usgsCitation":"Yamaura, Y., Royle, J., Kuboi, K., Tada, T., Ikeno, S., and Makino, S., 2011, Modelling community dynamics based on species-level abundance models from detection/nondetection data: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 48, no. 1, p. 67-75, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01922.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"75","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474878,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01922.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204341,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c64e4b0c8380cd6fc68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yamaura, Yuichi","contributorId":95997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yamaura","given":"Yuichi","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":80808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuboi, Kouji","contributorId":103784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuboi","given":"Kouji","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tada, Tsuneo","contributorId":7407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tada","given":"Tsuneo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ikeno, Susumu","contributorId":12176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ikeno","given":"Susumu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Makino, Shun’ichi","contributorId":66401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Makino","given":"Shun’ichi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70138001,"text":"70138001 - 2011 - Interspecies transmission and limited persistence of low pathogenic avian influenza genomes among Alaska dabbling ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-16T21:29:58","indexId":"70138001","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-01T09:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1988,"text":"Infection, Genetics and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interspecies transmission and limited persistence of low pathogenic avian influenza genomes among Alaska dabbling ducks","docAbstract":"The reassortment and geographic distribution of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) virus genes are well documented, but little is known about the persistence of intact LPAI genomes among species and locations. To examine persistence of entire LPAI genome constellations in Alaska, we calculated the genetic identities among 161 full-genome LPAI viruses isolated across 4 years from five species of duck: northern pintail (Anas acuta), mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), American green-winged teal (Anas crecca), northern shoveler (Anas clypeata) and American wigeon (Anas americana). Based on pairwise genetic distance, highly similar LPAI genomes (>99% identity) were observed within and between species and across a range of geographic distances (up to and >1000 km), but most often between isolates collected 0–10 km apart. Highly similar viruses were detected between years, suggesting inter-annual persistence, but these were rare in our data set with the majority occurring within 0–9 days of sampling. These results identify LPAI transmission pathways in the context of species, space and time, an initial perspective into the extent of regional virus distribution and persistence, and insight into why no completely Eurasian genomes have ever been detected in Alaska. Such information will be useful in forecasting the movement of foreign-origin avian influenza strains should they be introduced to North America.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2011.09.011","usgsCitation":"Reeves, A.B., Pearce, J.M., Ramey, A.M., Meixell, B.W., and Runstadler, J.A., 2011, Interspecies transmission and limited persistence of low pathogenic avian influenza genomes among Alaska dabbling ducks: Infection, Genetics and Evolution, v. 11, no. 8, p. 2004-2010, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2011.09.011.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2004","endPage":"2010","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-027202","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297265,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"11","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2bd8e4b08de9379b3518","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reeves, Andrew B. 0000-0002-7526-0726 areeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7526-0726","contributorId":167362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Andrew","email":"areeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meixell, Brandt W. 0000-0002-6738-0349 bmeixell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-0349","contributorId":138716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meixell","given":"Brandt","email":"bmeixell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Runstadler, Jonathan A.","contributorId":24706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Runstadler","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12444,"text":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70006122,"text":"ds645 - 2011 - Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-07T16:39:24","indexId":"ds645","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"645","title":"Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2010","docAbstract":"Between January 1 and December 31, 2010, the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) located 3,405 earthquakes, of which 2,846 occurred within 20 kilometers of the 33 volcanoes with seismograph subnetworks. There was no significant seismic activity in 2010 at these monitored volcanic centers. Seismograph subnetworks with severe outages in 2009 were repaired in 2010 resulting in three volcanic centers (Aniakchak, Korovin, and Veniaminof) being relisted in the formal list of monitored volcanoes. This catalog includes locations and statistics of the earthquakes located in 2010 with the station parameters, velocity models, and other files used to locate these earthquakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds645","usgsCitation":"Dixon, J.P., Stihler, S.D., Power, J.A., and Searcy, C.K., 2011, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 645, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds645.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110978,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/645/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":116719,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_645.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -181.82373046875,\n 50.86491125522503\n ],\n [\n -182.120361328125,\n 52.09975692575725\n ],\n [\n -170.33203125,\n 61.33353967329142\n ],\n [\n -153.45703125,\n 65.47650756256367\n ],\n [\n -141.15234374999997,\n 66.26685631430843\n ],\n [\n -141.15234374999997,\n 59.88893689676585\n ],\n [\n -153.8525390625,\n 53.69670647530323\n ],\n [\n -181.82373046875,\n 50.86491125522503\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f39be4b0c8380cd4b8e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dixon, James P. 0000-0002-8478-9971 jpdixon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8478-9971","contributorId":3163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"James","email":"jpdixon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stihler, Scott D.","contributorId":31373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stihler","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Power, John A. 0000-0002-7233-4398 jpower@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7233-4398","contributorId":2768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"John","email":"jpower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":353883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Searcy, Cheryl K.","contributorId":107013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Searcy","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70006170,"text":"mineral2011 - 2011 - Mineral Commodity Summaries 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-04T10:57:15","indexId":"mineral2011","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":323,"text":"Mineral Commodity Summaries","code":"MCS","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011","title":"Mineral Commodity Summaries 2011","docAbstract":"Each chapter of the 2011 edition of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Mineral Commodity Summaries (MCS) includes information on events, trends, and issues for each mineral commodity as well as discussions and tabular presentations on domestic industry structure, Government programs, tariffs, 5-year salient statistics, and world production and resources. The MCS is the earliest comprehensive source of 2010 mineral production data for the world. More than 90 individual minerals and materials are covered by two-page synopses. For mineral commodities for which there is a Government stockpile, detailed information concerning the stockpile status is included in the two-page synopsis. Mineral Commodity Summaries 2011 contains new chapters on iron oxide pigments, wollastonite, and zeolites. The chapters on mica (natural), scrap and flake and mica (natural), sheet have been combined into a single chapter - mica (natural). Abbreviations and units of measure, and definitions of selected terms used in the report, are in Appendix A and Appendix B, respectively. \"Appendix C - Reserves and Resources\" has been divided into \"Part A - Resource/Reserve Classification for Minerals\" and \"Part B - Sources of Reserves Data,\" including some information that was previously in this introduction. A directory of USGS minerals information country specialists and their responsibilities is Appendix D. The USGS continually strives to improve the value of its publications to users. Constructive comments and suggestions by readers of the MCS 2011 are welcomed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mineral2011","isbn":"9781411330832","usgsCitation":"Mineral Commodity Summaries 2011; 2011; MINERAL; 2011; U.S. Geological Survey","productDescription":"198 p; 4 Appendixes (7 p.); Individual Commodity Data Sheets; Available Online, Printed, and on CD-ROM","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":112029,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/mcs/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mineral_2011.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a574ee4b0c8380cd6dbbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70006126,"text":"ofr20111198 - 2011 - Groundwater, surface-water, and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona—2009–10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-03T00:10:05","indexId":"ofr20111198","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1198","title":"Groundwater, surface-water, and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona—2009–10","docAbstract":"The Navajo (N) aquifer is an extensive aquifer and the primary source of groundwater in the 5,400-square-mile Black Mesa area in northeastern Arizona. Availability of water is an important issue in northeastern Arizona because of continued water requirements for industrial and municipal use by a growing population and because of low precipitation in the arid climate of the Black Mesa area. Precipitation in the area is typically between 6 and 14 inches per year. The U.S. Geological Survey water-monitoring program in the Black Mesa area began in 1971 and provides information about the long-term effects of groundwater withdrawals from the N aquifer for industrial and municipal uses. This report presents results of data collected as part of the monitoring program in the Black Mesa area from January 2009 to September 2010. The monitoring program includes measurements of (1) groundwater withdrawals, (2) groundwater levels, (3) spring discharge, (4) surface-water discharge, and (5) groundwater chemistry. In 2009, total groundwater withdrawals were 4,230 acre-ft, industrial withdrawals were 1,390 acre-ft, and municipal withdrawals were 2,840 acre-ft. Total withdrawals during 2009 were about 42 percent less than total withdrawals in 2005 because of Peabody Western Coal Company's discontinued use of water in a coal slurry used for transporting coal. From 2008 to 2009 total withdrawals increased by 3 percent and industrial withdrawals increased by approximately 15 percent, but total municipal withdrawals decreased by 2 percent. From 2009 to 2010, annually measured water levels in the Black Mesa area declined in 7 of 16 wells that were available for comparison in the unconfined areas of the N aquifer, and the median change was 0.1 foot. Water levels declined in 12 of 18 wells measured in the confined area of the aquifer. The median change for the confined area of the aquifer was -0.3 foot. From the prestress period (prior to 1965) to 2010, the median water-level change for 34 wells in both the confined and unconfined area was -13.9 feet. Also, from the prestress period to 2009, the median water-level changes were -0.8 foot for 16 wells measured in the unconfined areas and -38.7 feet for 18 wells measured in the confined area. Spring flow was measured at four springs in 2010. Flow fluctuated during the period of record, but a decreasing trend was apparent at Moenkopi School Spring and Pasture Canyon Spring. Discharge at Burro Spring and Unnamed Spring near Dennehotso has remained relatively constant since they were first measured in the 1980s. Continuous records of surface-water discharge in the Black Mesa area were collected from streamflow-gaging stations at the following sites: Moenkopi Wash at Moenkopi 09401260 (1976 to 2009), Dinnebito Wash near Sand Springs 09401110 (1993 to 2009), Polacca Wash near Second Mesa 09400568 (1994 to 2009), and Pasture Canyon Springs 09401265 (2004 to 2009). Median winter flows (November through February) of each water year were used as an index of the amount of groundwater discharge at the above-named sites. For the period of record of each streamflow-gaging station, the median winter flows have generally remained constant, which suggests no change in groundwater discharge. In 2010, water samples collected from 11 wells and 4 springs in the Black Mesa area were analyzed for selected chemical constituents, and the results were compared with previous analyses. Concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate have varied at all 11 wells for the period of record, but neither increasing nor decreasing trends over time were found. Dissolved-solids, chloride, and sulfate concentrations increased at Moenkopi School Spring during the more than 12 years of record at that site. Concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate at Pasture Canyon Spring have not varied much since the early 1980s, and there is no increasing or decreasing trend in those data. Concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate at Burro Spring and Unnamed Spring near Dennehotso have varied for the period of record, but there is no increasing or decreasing trend in the data.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111198","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Arizona Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Macy, J.P., and Brown, C.R., 2011, Groundwater, surface-water, and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona—2009–10: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1198, vi, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111198.","productDescription":"vi, 42 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110979,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1198/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":116684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1198.gif"}],"state":"Arizona","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4784e4b07f02db483c56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Macy, Jamie P. 0000-0003-3443-0079 jpmacy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-0079","contributorId":2173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macy","given":"Jamie","email":"jpmacy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Christopher R. crbrown@usgs.gov","contributorId":4751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Christopher","email":"crbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70006129,"text":"sir20115166 - 2011 - Documentation of methods and inventory of irrigation data collected for the 2000 and 2005 U.S. Geological Survey Estimated use of water in the United States, comparison of USGS-compiled irrigation data to other sources, and recommendations for future compilations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-03T00:10:05","indexId":"sir20115166","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5166","title":"Documentation of methods and inventory of irrigation data collected for the 2000 and 2005 U.S. Geological Survey Estimated use of water in the United States, comparison of USGS-compiled irrigation data to other sources, and recommendations for future compilations","docAbstract":"Every five years since 1950, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water Use Information Program (NWUIP) has compiled water-use information in the United States and published a circular report titled \"Estimated use of water in the United States,\" which includes estimates of water withdrawals by State, sources of water withdrawals (groundwater or surface water), and water-use category (irrigation, public supply, industrial, thermoelectric, and so forth). This report discusses the impact of important considerations when estimating irrigated acreage and irrigation withdrawals, including estimates of conveyance loss, irrigation-system efficiencies, pasture, horticulture, golf courses, and double cropping.\nThis report also documents the methods and data sources used by the USGS Water Science Centers (WSCs) for estimating irrigated acreage and irrigation withdrawals reported in the 2000 and 2005 USGS 5-year water-use compilations. For the 2005 USGS water-use compilation, the most common sources used by WSCs for obtaining irrigated crop acreage were the 2002 Census of Agriculture, 2003 Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey (FRIS), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), universities, and local and State agencies. In this report, the authors compare USGS-compiled irrigated acreage to Census of Agriculture- and FRIS- reported irrigated acreage. Nationwide irrigated acreage increased from the 1997 to 2007 Census of Agriculture estimates by about 1 percent and from the 1998 to 2008 FRIS estimates by about 9 percent. Conversely, total irrigated acreage decreased from the 2000 to 2005 USGS water-use compilations by about 2 percent.\nAn indirect method for estimating irrigation withdrawals is presented and results are compared to the 2005 USGS-reported irrigation withdrawals for selected States. This method is meant to demonstrate a way to check data reported or received from a third party, if metered data are unavailable. Of the 11 States where this method was applied, 8 States had estimated irrigation withdrawals that were within 15 percent of what was reported in the 2005 water-use compilation, and 3 States had estimated irrigation withdrawals that were more than 20 percent of what was reported in 2005. Recommendations for improving estimates of irrigated acreage and irrigation withdrawals also are presented in this report. Conveyance losses and irrigation-system efficiencies should be considered in order to achieve a more accurate representation of irrigation withdrawals. Better documentation of data sources and methods used can help lead to more consistent information in future irrigation water-use compilations. Finally, a summary of data sources and methods used to estimate irrigated acreage and irrigation withdrawals for the 2000 and 2005 compilations for each WSC is presented in appendix 1.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115166","usgsCitation":"Dickens, J.M., Forbes, B., Cobean, D.S., and Tadayon, S., 2011, Documentation of methods and inventory of irrigation data collected for the 2000 and 2005 U.S. Geological Survey Estimated use of water in the United States, comparison of USGS-compiled irrigation data to other sources, and recommendations for future compilations: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5166, vi, 37 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115166.","productDescription":"vi, 37 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116685,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5166.gif"},{"id":110980,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5166/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a037ee4b0c8380cd504e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dickens, Jade M.","contributorId":53087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickens","given":"Jade","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Forbes, Brandon T. bforbes@usgs.gov","contributorId":4625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forbes","given":"Brandon T.","email":"bforbes@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cobean, Dylan S.","contributorId":88482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cobean","given":"Dylan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tadayon, Saeid stadayon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tadayon","given":"Saeid","email":"stadayon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":353892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173605,"text":"70173605 - 2011 - Migration delays caused by anthropogenic barriers: modeling dams, temperature, and success on migrating salmon smolts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-21T15:10:59","indexId":"70173605","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migration delays caused by anthropogenic barriers: modeling dams, temperature, and success on migrating salmon smolts","docAbstract":"Disruption to migration is a growing problem for conservation and restoration of animal populations. Anthropogenic barriers along migration paths can delay or prolong migrations, which may result in a mismatch with migration-timing adaptations. To understand the interaction of dams (as barriers along a migration path), seasonally changing environmental conditions, timing of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) downstream migration, and ultimate migration success, we used 10 years of river temperature and discharge data as a template upon which we simulated downstream movement of salmon. Atlantic salmon is a cool-water species whose downstream migrating smolts must complete migration before river temperatures become too warm. We found that dams had a local effect on survival as well as a survival effect that was spatially and temporally removed from the encounter with the dam. While smolts are delayed by dams, temperatures downstream can reach lethal or near-lethal temperatures; as a result, the match between completion of migration and the window of appropriate migration conditions can be disrupted. The strength of this spatially and temporally removed effect is at least comparable to the local effects of dams in determining smolt migration success in the presence of dams. We also considered smolts from different tributaries, varying in distance from the river mouth, to assess the potential importance of locally adapted migration timing on the effect of barriers. Migration-initiation temperature affected modeled smolt survival differentially across tributaries, with the success of smolts from upstream tributaries being much more variable across years than that of smolts with a shorter distance to travel. As a whole, these results point to the importance of broadening our spatial and temporal view when managing migrating populations. We must consider not only how many individuals never make it across migration barriers, but also the spatially and temporally removed consequences of delays at the barriers for those individuals that successfully navigate them.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/10-0593.1","usgsCitation":"Marschall, E.A., Mather, M.E., Parrish, D.L., Allison, G.W., and McMenemy, J.R., 2011, Migration delays caused by anthropogenic barriers: modeling dams, temperature, and success on migrating salmon smolts: Ecological Applications, v. 21, no. 8, p. 3014-3031, https://doi.org/10.1890/10-0593.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"3014","endPage":"3031","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-020937","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324150,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576a6541e4b07657d1a11e02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marschall, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":41388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marschall","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mather, Martha E. 0000-0003-3027-0215 mather@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-0215","contributorId":2580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"Martha","email":"mather@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parrish, Donna L. 0000-0001-9693-6329 dparrish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9693-6329","contributorId":138661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"Donna","email":"dparrish@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allison, Gary W.","contributorId":172272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allison","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McMenemy, James R.","contributorId":172273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McMenemy","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70154836,"text":"70154836 - 2011 - Adaptive management of bull trout populations in the Lemhi Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-14T17:45:59.759906","indexId":"70154836","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adaptive management of bull trout populations in the Lemhi Basin","docAbstract":"The bull trout Salvelinus confluentus, a stream-living salmonid distributed in drainages of the northwestern United States, is listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act because of rangewide declines. One proposed recovery action is the reconnection of tributaries in the Lemhi Basin. Past water use policies in this core area disconnected headwater spawning sites from downstream habitat and have led to the loss of migratory life history forms. We developed an adaptive management framework to analyze which types of streams should be prioritized for reconnection under a proposed Habitat Conservation Plan. We developed a Stochastic Dynamic Program that identified optimal policies over time under four different assumptions about the nature of the migratory behavior and the effects of brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis on subpopulations of bull trout. In general, given the current state of the system and the uncertainties about the dynamics, the optimal policy would be to connect streams that are currently occupied by bull trout. We also estimated the value of information as the difference between absolute certainty about which of our four assumptions were correct, and a model averaged optimization assuming no knowledge. Overall there is little to be gained by learning about the dynamics of the system in its current state, although in other parts of the state space reducing uncertainties about the system would be very valuable. We also conducted a sensitivity analysis; the optimal decision at the current state does not change even when parameter values are changed up to 75% of the baseline values. Overall, the exercise demonstrates that it is possible to apply adaptive management principles to threatened and endangered species, but logistical and data availability constraints make detailed analyses difficult.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/022011-JFWM-012","usgsCitation":"Tyre, A.J., Peterson, J., Converse, S.J., Bogich, T., Miller, D., Post van der Burg, M., Thomas, C., Thompson, R.J., Wood, J., Brewer, D., and Runge, M.C., 2011, Adaptive management of bull trout populations in the Lemhi Basin: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 2, no. 2, p. 262-281, https://doi.org/10.3996/022011-JFWM-012.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"262","endPage":"281","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-020782","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306555,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lemhi River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.09459430368548,\n 44.69654927506963\n ],\n [\n -116.58786687508034,\n 45.542245957883324\n ],\n [\n -116.96788815899754,\n 42.73181816081549\n ],\n [\n -113.5842371118099,\n 42.3927075503361\n ],\n [\n -113.09459430368548,\n 44.69654927506963\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c9cb2fe4b08400b1fdb6ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tyre, Andrew J.","contributorId":10720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyre","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 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The endemic arthropod fauna of Hawai`i is thought to be especially vulnerable to these predacious social Hymenoptera, and methods of wasp control have been a priority for conservation biology in Hawai`i. The efficacy of the insecticide fipronil mixed with minced canned chicken meat for suppression of yellowjacket populations was evaluated in five experimental field trials in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park between 1999 and 2005. Populations of Vespula were monitored in replicate twoto four- hectare study areas in mesic montane and seasonal submontane forests, before and after application of chicken bait, with and without 0.1% fipronil, and in treatment and nontreatment areas. The bait was applied in hanging bait stations for two to three days. The response of yellowjacket wasp populations was measured using at least three different metrics of abundance including instantaneous counts of wasps at bait stations, wasp traffic rates at Vespula nests, as well as heptyl butyrate trap and/or malaise trap catches in the study areas. All indices of wasp abundance exhibited significant reductions in sites treated with fipronil compared with non-treatment sites with the exception of malaise trapping, where only a limited number of traps were available to be deployed. Wasp traffic ceased at all Vespula nests in sites treated with fipronil within a month after baiting in four of the five trials. The only trial where fipronil failed to terminate yellowjacket nest activity occurred late in the fall when wasps switch from feeding on protein to carbohydrate foods. Based on these data, 0.1% fipronil in chicken bait appears to be an effective tool for suppressing local Vespula yellowjacket populations in the park and other natural areas during the period of peak wasp activity in the summer and early fall months.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","publisherLocation":"Hilo, HI","usgsCitation":"Foote, D., Hanna, C., King, C., and Spurr, E., 2011, Efficacy of fipronil for control of yellowjacket wasps in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park: Technical Report HCSU-028, iv., 19 p.","productDescription":"iv., 19 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-032922","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326181,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.26428222656247,\n 19.43227671629882\n ],\n [\n -155.35423278808594,\n 19.388238642115564\n ],\n [\n -155.39886474609375,\n 19.31373538465064\n ],\n [\n -155.423583984375,\n 19.210022196386095\n ],\n [\n -155.39749145507812,\n 19.189920187432953\n ],\n [\n -155.34187316894528,\n 19.21391262405755\n ],\n [\n -155.29518127441403,\n 19.263831601962472\n ],\n [\n -155.21827697753906,\n 19.25929414046391\n ],\n [\n -155.1427459716797,\n 19.269665296502332\n ],\n [\n -155.07888793945312,\n 19.304015061842584\n ],\n [\n -155.12832641601562,\n 19.44328437042322\n ],\n [\n -155.26428222656247,\n 19.43227671629882\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a5b8bbe4b0ebae89b7889d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foote, David dfoote@usgs.gov","contributorId":375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foote","given":"David","email":"dfoote@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanna, Cause","contributorId":116665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanna","given":"Cause","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":517230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"King, Cynthia","contributorId":120938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Cynthia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":517233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Spurr, Eric","contributorId":119710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spurr","given":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":517232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70043574,"text":"70043574 - 2011 - Evaluating interactions between river otters and muskrats at bridge crossings in Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-23T12:17:00","indexId":"70043574","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating interactions between river otters and muskrats at bridge crossings in Kentucky","docAbstract":"hreatened or endangered. Muskrat populations have been reduced in some streams where North American river otters (Lontra canadensis) were reintroduced, and it has been hypothesized that otter reintroduction could be used as a tool for conservation of mussels. We used occupancy estimation methods to evaluate the ecological relationship between muskrats and otters by collecting presence–absence data based on field sign found at bridge crossings in eastern and central Kentucky. Mean detection probabilities (ps) and occupancy probabilities (ψs) for muskrats were 0.692 (SE = 0.045) and 0.723 (SE = 0.071) and for otters were 0.623 (SE = 0.036) and 0.662 (SE = 0.069), respectively. Otter occupancy was related negatively to distance from release sites, which suggests that the otter population is still expanding its range. A 2-species interaction model indicated that the occupancy by muskrats and river otters was independent, and we conclude that river otter reintroduction would not be an effective strategy for conserving mussels.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1644/11-MAMM-A-088.1","usgsCitation":"Clark, J.D., and Williamson, R., 2011, Evaluating interactions between river otters and muskrats at bridge crossings in Kentucky: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 92, no. 6, p. 1314-1320, https://doi.org/10.1644/11-MAMM-A-088.1.","startPage":"1314","endPage":"1320","ipdsId":"IP-032508","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/11-mamm-a-088.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":268018,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268017,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/11-MAMM-A-088.1"}],"country":"United States","volume":"92","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5129f31ee4b04edf7e93f89a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Joseph D. 0000-0002-8547-8112 jclark1@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8547-8112","contributorId":2265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Joseph","email":"jclark1@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williamson, Ryan","contributorId":65736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70042395,"text":"70042395 - 2011 - Metadata for data rescue and data at risk","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-24T16:19:05","indexId":"70042395","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Metadata for data rescue and data at risk","docAbstract":"Scientific data age, become stale, fall into disuse and run tremendous risks of being forgotten and lost. These problems can be addressed by archiving and managing scientific data over time, and establishing practices that facilitate data discovery and reuse. Metadata documentation is integral to this work and essential for measuring and assessing high priority data preservation cases. The International Council for Science: Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) has a newly appointed Data-at-Risk Task Group (DARTG), participating in the general arena of rescuing data. The DARTG primary objective is building an inventory of scientific data that are at risk of being lost forever. As part of this effort, the DARTG is testing an approach for documenting endangered datasets. The DARTG is developing a minimal and easy to use set of metadata properties for sufficiently describing endangered data, which will aid global data rescue missions. The DARTG metadata framework supports rapid capture, and easy documentation, across an array of scientific domains. This paper reports on the goals and principles supporting the DARTG metadata schema, and provides a description of the preliminary implementation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"2011 Conference on ensuring long-term preservation in adding value to scientific and technical data","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2011 Conference on ensuring long-term preservation in adding value to scientific and technical data","conferenceDate":"November 15-17, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Toulouse, France","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Anderson, W.L., Faundeen, J., Greenberg, J., and Taylor, F., 2011, Metadata for data rescue and data at risk, in 2011 Conference on ensuring long-term preservation in adding value to scientific and technical data, Toulouse, France, November 15-17, 2011, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-032696","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340211,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"UNITED STATES","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ff0ea7e4b006455f2d61fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, William L.","contributorId":178803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":27529,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Il","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":692667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Faundeen, John 0000-0003-0287-2921 faundeen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0287-2921","contributorId":3097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faundeen","given":"John","email":"faundeen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greenberg, Jane","contributorId":191308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greenberg","given":"Jane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taylor, Fraser","contributorId":191309,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Fraser","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70190477,"text":"70190477 - 2011 - Value of a dual-polarized gap-filling radar in support of southern California post-fire debris-flow warnings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-01T09:33:48","indexId":"70190477","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2344,"text":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Value of a dual-polarized gap-filling radar in support of southern California post-fire debris-flow warnings","docAbstract":"A portable truck-mounted C-band Doppler weather radar was deployed to observe rainfall over the Station Fire burn area near Los Angeles, California, during the winter of 2009/10 to assist with debris-flow warning decisions. The deployments were a component of a joint NOAA–U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) research effort to improve definition of the rainfall conditions that trigger debris flows from steep topography within recent wildfire burn areas. A procedure was implemented to blend various dual-polarized estimators of precipitation (for radar observations taken below the freezing level) using threshold values for differential reflectivity and specific differential phase shift that improves the accuracy of the rainfall estimates over a specific burn area sited with terrestrial tipping-bucket rain gauges. The portable radar outperformed local Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) National Weather Service network radars in detecting rainfall capable of initiating post-fire runoff-generated debris flows. The network radars underestimated hourly precipitation totals by about 50%. Consistent with intensity–duration threshold curves determined from past debris-flow events in burned areas in Southern California, the portable radar-derived rainfall rates exceeded the empirical thresholds over a wider range of storm durations with a higher spatial resolution than local National Weather Service operational radars. Moreover, the truck-mounted C-band radar dual-polarimetric-derived estimates of rainfall intensity provided a better guide to the expected severity of debris-flow events, based on criteria derived from previous events using rain gauge data, than traditional radar-derived rainfall approaches using reflectivity–rainfall relationships for either the portable or operational network WSR-88D radars. Part of the reason for the improvement was due to siting the radar closer to the burn zone than the WSR-88Ds, but use of the dual-polarimetric variables improved the rainfall estimation by ~12% over the use of traditional Z–R relationships.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/JHM-D-11-05.1","usgsCitation":"Jorgensen, D.P., Hanshaw, M.N., Schmidt, K.M., Laber, J.L., Staley, D.M., Kean, J.W., and Restrepo, P.J., 2011, Value of a dual-polarized gap-filling radar in support of southern California post-fire debris-flow warnings: Journal of Hydrometeorology, v. 12, p. 1581-1595, https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-11-05.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1581","endPage":"1595","ipdsId":"IP-032700","costCenters":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474879,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-11-05.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345406,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59aa71dce4b0e9bde130d006","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jorgensen, David P.","contributorId":196125,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jorgensen","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanshaw, Maiana N.","contributorId":54505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanshaw","given":"Maiana","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmidt, Kevin M. 0000-0003-2365-8035 kschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2365-8035","contributorId":1985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Kevin","email":"kschmidt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Laber, Jayme L.","contributorId":192864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laber","given":"Jayme","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Staley, Dennis M. 0000-0002-2239-3402 dstaley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2239-3402","contributorId":4134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staley","given":"Dennis","email":"dstaley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kean, Jason W. 0000-0003-3089-0369 jwkean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":1654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"Jason","email":"jwkean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Restrepo, Pedro J.","contributorId":73263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Restrepo","given":"Pedro","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70193241,"text":"70193241 - 2011 - Vulnerability of high-latitude soil organic carbon in North America to disturbance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T16:36:14","indexId":"70193241","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2319,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vulnerability of high-latitude soil organic carbon in North America to disturbance","docAbstract":"This synthesis addresses the vulnerability of the North American high-latitude soil organic carbon (SOC) pool to climate change. Disturbances caused by climate warming in arctic, subarctic, and boreal environments can result in significant redistribution of C among major reservoirs with potential global impacts. We divide the current northern high-latitude SOC pools into (1) near-surface soils where SOC is affected by seasonal freeze-thaw processes and changes in moisture status, and (2) deeper permafrost and peatland strata down to several tens of meters depth where SOC is usually not affected by short-term changes. We address key factors (permafrost, vegetation, hydrology, paleoenvironmental history) and processes (C input, storage, decomposition, and output) responsible for the formation of the large high-latitude SOC pool in North America and highlight how climate-related disturbances could alter this pool's character and size. Press disturbances of relatively slow but persistent nature such as top-down thawing of permafrost, and changes in hydrology, microbiological communities, pedological processes, and vegetation types, as well as pulse disturbances of relatively rapid and local nature such as wildfires and thermokarst, could substantially impact SOC stocks. Ongoing climate warming in the North American high-latitude region could result in crossing environmental thresholds, thereby accelerating press disturbances and increasingly triggering pulse disturbances and eventually affecting the C source/sink net character of northern high-latitude soils. Finally, we assess postdisturbance feedbacks, models, and predictions for the northern high-latitude SOC pool, and discuss data and research gaps to be addressed by future research.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2010JG001507","usgsCitation":"Grosse, G., Harden, J.W., Turetsky, M., McGuire, A., Camill, P., Tarnocai, C., Frolking, S., Schuur, E.A., Jorgenson, T., Marchenko, S., Romanovsky, V., Wickland, K.P., French, N., Waldrop, M.P., Bourgeau-Chavez, L., and Striegl, R.G., 2011, Vulnerability of high-latitude soil organic carbon in North America to disturbance: Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences, v. 116, no. 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Ongoing efforts to model disease risk in China have been hindered by a lack of available species level distribution maps for poultry. The goal of this study was to develop 1 km resolution population density models for China's chickens, ducks, and geese. We used an information theoretic approach to predict poultry densities based on statistical relationships between poultry census data and high-resolution agro-ecological predictor variables. Model predictions were validated by comparing goodness of fit measures (root mean square error and correlation coefficient) for observed and predicted values for 1/4 of the sample data which were not used for model training. Final output included mean and coefficient of variation maps for each species. We tested the quality of models produced using three predictor datasets and 4 regional stratification methods. For predictor variables, a combination of traditional predictors for livestock mapping and land use predictors produced the best goodness of fit scores. Comparison of regional stratifications indicated that for chickens and ducks, a stratification based on livestock production systems produced the best results; for geese, an agro-ecological stratification produced best results. However, for all species, each method of regional stratification produced significantly better goodness of fit scores than the global model. Here we provide descriptive methods, analytical comparisons, and model output for China's first high resolution, species level poultry distribution maps. Output will be made available to the scientific and public community for use in a wide range of applications from epidemiological studies to livestock policy and management initiatives.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2011.04.002","usgsCitation":"Prosser, D.J., Wu, J., Ellis, E.C., Gale, F., Van Boeckel, T.P., Wint, W., Robinson, T., Xiao, X., and Gilbert, M., 2011, Modelling the distribution of chickens, ducks, and geese in China: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, v. 141, no. 3-4, p. 381-389, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.04.002.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"381","endPage":"389","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474883,"rank":10001,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/115772","text":"External Repository"},{"id":438822,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Z37S8Q","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Models describing the distribution of chickens, ducks, and geese in China"},{"id":24385,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.04.002","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204506,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","volume":"141","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c75e4b0c8380cd6fcf3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prosser, Diann J. 0000-0002-5251-1799 dprosser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":2389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"Diann","email":"dprosser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wu, Junxi","contributorId":94030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Junxi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, Erie C.","contributorId":87678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Erie","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gale, Fred","contributorId":71310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gale","given":"Fred","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Van Boeckel, Thomas P.","contributorId":47076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Boeckel","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wint, William","contributorId":67645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wint","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Robinson, Tim","contributorId":7834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Tim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Xiao, Xiangming","contributorId":67212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xiao","given":"Xiangming","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gilbert, Marius","contributorId":61148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilbert","given":"Marius","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70003523,"text":"70003523 - 2011 - Stopover ecology of a migratory ungulate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T14:30:48","indexId":"70003523","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stopover ecology of a migratory ungulate","docAbstract":"1. Birds that migrate long distances use stopover sites to optimize fuel loads and complete migration as quickly as possible. Stopover use has been predicted to facilitate a time-minimization strategy in land migrants as well, but empirical tests have been lacking, and alternative migration strategies have not been considered. 2. We used fine-scale movement data to evaluate the ecological role of stopovers in migratory mule deer Odocoileus hemionus— a land migrant whose fitness is strongly influenced by energy intake rather than migration speed. 3. Although deer could easily complete migrations (range 18–144 km) in several days, they took an average of 3 weeks and spent 95% of that time in a series of stopover sites that had higher forage quality than movement corridors. Forage quality of stopovers increased with elevation and distance from winter range. Mule deer use of stopovers corresponded with a narrow phenological range, such that deer occupied stopovers 44 days prior to peak green-up, when forage quality was presumed to be highest. Mule deer used one stopover for every 5∙3 and 6∙7 km travelled during spring and autumn migrations, respectively, and used the same stopovers in consecutive years. 4. Study findings indicate that stopovers play a key role in the migration strategy of mule deer by allowing individuals to migrate in concert with plant phenology and maximize energy intake rather than speed. Our results suggest that stopover use may be more common among non-avian taxa than previously thought and, although the underlying migration strategies of temperate ungulates and birds are quite different, stopover use is important to both. 5. Exploring the role of stopovers in land migrants broadens the scope of stopover ecology and recognizes that the applied and theoretical benefits of stopover ecology need not be limited to avian taxa.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Animal Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","publisherLocation":"London, England","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2656.2011.01845.x","usgsCitation":"Sawyer, H., and Kauffman, M., 2011, Stopover ecology of a migratory ungulate: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 80, no. 5, p. 1078-1087, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2011.01845.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1078","endPage":"1087","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025798","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":204401,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"80","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b423b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sawyer, Hall","contributorId":39930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"Hall","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kauffman, Matthew J. 0000-0003-0127-3900 mkauffman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0127-3900","contributorId":2963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Matthew J.","email":"mkauffman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":347621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70006099,"text":"ofr20101335 - 2011 - Digital Mapping Techniques '09-workshop proceedings, Morgantown, West Virginia, May 10-13, 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-01T08:36:08","indexId":"ofr20101335","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1335","title":"Digital Mapping Techniques '09-workshop proceedings, Morgantown, West Virginia, May 10-13, 2009","docAbstract":"The Digital Mapping Techniques '09 (DMT'09) workshop was attended by 90 technical experts from 42 agencies, universities, and private companies, including representatives from 24 State geological surveys. This workshop, the thirteenth in the annual series, was hosted by the West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey, May 10-13, 2009, on the West Virginia University campus in Morgantown, West Virginia. Each DMT workshop has been coordinated by the National Geologic Map Database project and the Association of American State Geologists (AASG).\nAs in the previous years' meetings, the objective was to foster informal discussion and exchange of technical information, principally in order to develop more efficient methods for digital mapping, cartography, GIS analysis, and information management. At this meeting, oral and poster presentations and special discussion sessions emphasized (1) methods for creating and publishing map products (here, \"publishing\" includes Web-based release); (2) field data capture software and techniques, including the use of LiDAR; (3) digital cartographic techniques; (4) migration of digital maps into ArcGIS Geodatabase format; (5) analytical GIS techniques; and (6) continued development of the National Geologic Map Database.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Digital Mapping Techniques '09-Workshop Proceedings, Morgantown, West Virginia, May 10-13, 2009","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Digital Mapping Techniques","conferenceDate":"May 10-13, 2009","conferenceLocation":"Morgantown, West Virginia","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101335","usgsCitation":"Soller, D.R., 2011, Digital Mapping Techniques '09-workshop proceedings, Morgantown, West Virginia, May 10-13, 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1335, 260 p.; Oral Presentations; Poster Presentations, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101335.","productDescription":"260 p.; Oral Presentations; Poster Presentations","costCenters":[{"id":100,"text":"AASG National Geologic Map Database Project","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116660,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1335.jpg"},{"id":110952,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1335/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":362522,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1335/pdf/usgs_of2010-1335.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0123e4b0c8380cd4faef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soller, David R. 0000-0001-6177-8332 drsoller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-8332","contributorId":2700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soller","given":"David","email":"drsoller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70006120,"text":"sir20115183 - 2011 - Selected approaches to estimate water-budget components of the High Plains, 1940 through 1949 and 2000 through 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"sir20115183","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5183","title":"Selected approaches to estimate water-budget components of the High Plains, 1940 through 1949 and 2000 through 2009","docAbstract":"The High Plains aquifer, underlying almost 112 million acres in the central United States, is one of the largest aquifers in the Nation. It is the primary water supply for drinking water, irrigation, animal production, and industry in the region. Expansion of irrigated agriculture throughout the past 60 years has helped make the High Plains one of the most productive agricultural regions in the Nation. Extensive withdrawals of groundwater for irrigation have caused water-level declines in many parts of the aquifer and increased concerns about the long-term sustainability of the aquifer. Quantification of water-budget components is a prerequisite for effective water-resources management. Components analyzed as part of this study were precipitation, evapotranspiration, recharge, surface runoff, groundwater discharge to streams, groundwater fluxes to and from adjacent geologic units, irrigation, and groundwater in storage. These components were assessed for 1940 through 1949 (representing conditions prior to substantial groundwater development and referred to as \"pregroundwater development\" throughout this report) and 2000 through 2009. Because no single method can perfectly quantify the magnitude of any part of a water budget at a regional scale, results from several methods and previously published work were compiled and compared for this study when feasible. Results varied among the several methods applied, as indicated by the range of average annual volumes given for each component listed in the following paragraphs. Precipitation was derived from three sources: the Parameter-Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model, data developed using Next Generation Weather Radar and measured precipitation from weather stations by the Office of Hydrologic Development at the National Weather Service for the Sacramento-Soil Moisture Accounting model, and precipitation measured at weather stations and spatially distributed using an inverse-distance-weighted interpolation method. Precipitation estimates using these sources, as a 10-year average annual total volume for the High Plains, ranged from 192 to 199 million acre-feet (acre-ft) for 1940 through 1949 and from 185 to 199 million acre-ft for 2000 through 2009. Evapotranspiration was obtained from three sources: the National Weather Service Sacramento-Soil Moisture Accounting model, the Simplified-Surface-Energy-Balance model using remotely sensed data, and the Soil-Water-Balance model. Average annual total evapotranspiration estimated using these sources was 148 million acre-ft for 1940 through 1949 and ranged from 154 to 193 million acre-ft for 2000 through 2009. The maximum amount of shallow groundwater lost to evapotranspiration was approximated for areas where the water table was within 5 feet of land surface. The average annual total volume of evapotranspiration from shallow groundwater was 9.0 million acre-ft for 1940 through 1949 and ranged from 9.6 to 12.6 million acre-ft for 2000 through 2009. Recharge was estimated using two soil-water-balance models as well as previously published studies for various locations across the High Plains region. Average annual total recharge ranged from 8.3 to 13.2 million acre-ft for 1940 through 1949 and from 15.9 to 35.0 million acre-ft for 2000 through 2009. Surface runoff and groundwater discharge to streams were determined using discharge records from streamflow-gaging stations near the edges of the High Plains and the Base-Flow Index program. For 1940 through 1949, the average annual net surface runoff leaving the High Plains was 1.9 million acre-ft, and the net loss from the High Plains aquifer by groundwater discharge to streams was 3.1 million acre-ft. For 2000 through 2009, the average annual net surface runoff leaving the High Plains region was 1.3 million acre-ft and the net loss by groundwater discharge to streams was 3.9 million acre-ft. For 2000 through 2009, the average annual total estimated groundwater pumpage volume from two soil-water-balance models ranged from 8.7 to 16.2 million acre-ft. Average annual irrigation application rates for the High Plains ranged from 8.4 to 16.2 inches per year. The USGS Water-Use Program published estimated total annual pumpage from the High Plains aquifer for 2000 and 2005. Those volumes were greater than those estimated from the two soil-water-balance models. Total groundwater in storage in the High Plains aquifer was estimated as 3,173 million acre-ft prior to groundwater development and 2,907 million acre-ft in 2007. The average annual decrease of groundwater in storage between 2000 and 2007 was 10 million acre-ft per year.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115183","usgsCitation":"Stanton, J.S., Qi, S.L., Ryter, D.W., Falk, S.E., Houston, N.A., Peterson, S.M., Westenbroek, S.M., and Christenson, S.C., 2011, Selected approaches to estimate water-budget components of the High Plains, 1940 through 1949 and 2000 through 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5183, viii, 68 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115183.","productDescription":"viii, 68 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1940-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116430,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5183.jpg"},{"id":110976,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5183/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"High Plains Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111,26 ], [ -111,45 ], [ -96,45 ], [ -96,26 ], [ -111,26 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa7e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanton, Jennifer S. 0000-0002-2520-753X jstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-753X","contributorId":830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Jennifer","email":"jstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qi, Sharon L. 0000-0001-7278-4498 slqi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7278-4498","contributorId":1130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Sharon","email":"slqi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ryter, Derek W. 0000-0002-2488-626X dryter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2488-626X","contributorId":3395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryter","given":"Derek","email":"dryter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Falk, Sarah E. sefalk@usgs.gov","contributorId":1056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falk","given":"Sarah","email":"sefalk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":353878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Houston, Natalie A. 0000-0002-6071-4545 nhouston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-4545","contributorId":1682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houston","given":"Natalie","email":"nhouston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peterson, Steven M. 0000-0002-9130-1284 speterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9130-1284","contributorId":847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Steven","email":"speterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Westenbroek, Stephen M. 0000-0002-6284-8643 smwesten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6284-8643","contributorId":2210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westenbroek","given":"Stephen","email":"smwesten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Christenson, Scott C. schris@usgs.gov","contributorId":980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christenson","given":"Scott","email":"schris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70005858,"text":"70005858 - 2011 - Salinity tolerance of non-native suckermouth armoured catfish (Loricariidae: Pterygoplichthys) in south-eastern Mexico: Implications for invasion and dispersal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-06T13:23:34.787591","indexId":"70005858","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":862,"text":"Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Salinity tolerance of non-native suckermouth armoured catfish (Loricariidae: Pterygoplichthys) in south-eastern Mexico: Implications for invasion and dispersal","title":"Salinity tolerance of non-native suckermouth armoured catfish (Loricariidae: Pterygoplichthys) in south-eastern Mexico: Implications for invasion and dispersal","docAbstract":"1. Salinity tolerance is one of several important physiological attributes that determine invasion success and the pattern of dispersal of introduced aquatic organisms. Introduced freshwater fishes able to tolerate elevated salinities have the potential to invade and exploit brackish-water (mixohaline) environments and use estuaries and coastal waters as 'bridges' for dispersing from one coastal river system to another.
2. Several members of the neotropical suckermouth armoured catfish genus Pterygoplichthys (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) have established non-native populations in inland waters of North and Central America, Asia and islands in the Caribbean, and Pacific and Indian oceans. Loricariids are generally considered to be strictly freshwater; but a few naturally occur in mesohaline habitats.
3.Catch and habitat data from 2004–2005 and 2009–2011 fish surveys in the Grijalva–Usumacinta River delta region (south-eastern Mexico) confirmed that introduced Pterygoplichthys populations established in upstream freshwater sites (where these catfish are abundant) have recently dispersed into downstream oligohaline and mesohaline estuarine habitats. During 2009–2011 surveys, these non-native catfish — tentatively identified as P. pardalis or its hybrids — were found in sites with salinities ranging from 1 to 8 ppt (mean 5.2 ppt).
4.Acute-salinity experiments were conducted with Pterygoplichthys (110–302 mm standard length, N=140) captured in the Grijalva–Usumacinta Basin to determine upper salinity tolerance levels. Tests demonstrated that individuals maintained in salinities of 0.2 ppt were able to survive abrupt (acute) exposure to salinities up to 10 ppt with little mortality over 10 days (240 h experimental endpoint). A few individuals survived abrupt exposure to 11 and 12 ppt for 20 or more hours, although none survived more than a few hours at 16 ppt or greater.
5.These field and experimental results provide quantitative evidence that non-native Pterygoplichthys are physiologically capable of surviving mesohaline conditions for extended periods and that non-native populations in Mexico are invading and presumably exploiting estuarine and other coastal environments, perhaps as feeding areas and potentially as dispersal routes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1002/aqc.1210","usgsCitation":"Capps, K.A., Nico, L.G., Mendoza-Carranza, M., Arevalo-Frias, W., Ropicki, A., Heilpern, S.A., and Rodiles-Hernandez, R., 2011, Salinity tolerance of non-native suckermouth armoured catfish (Loricariidae: Pterygoplichthys) in south-eastern Mexico: Implications for invasion and dispersal: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, v. 21, no. 6, p. 528-540, https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.1210.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"528","endPage":"540","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204481,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Grijalva–Usumacinta River delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.79876708984375,\n 17.79838094162093\n ],\n [\n -91.77017211914062,\n 17.79838094162093\n ],\n [\n -91.77017211914062,\n 18.777616176328035\n ],\n [\n -92.79876708984375,\n 18.777616176328035\n ],\n [\n -92.79876708984375,\n 17.79838094162093\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db644725","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Capps, Krista A.","contributorId":35456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capps","given":"Krista","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nico, Leo G. 0000-0002-4488-7737 lnico@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-7737","contributorId":2913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nico","given":"Leo","email":"lnico@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":353410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mendoza-Carranza, Manuel","contributorId":74870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendoza-Carranza","given":"Manuel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arevalo-Frias, Wendi","contributorId":69703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arevalo-Frias","given":"Wendi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ropicki, Andrew J.","contributorId":6181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ropicki","given":"Andrew J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Heilpern, Sebastian A.","contributorId":80003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heilpern","given":"Sebastian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rodiles-Hernandez, Rocio","contributorId":80403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodiles-Hernandez","given":"Rocio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70006101,"text":"sir20115165 - 2011 - Hydraulic characteristics of low-impact development practices in northeastern Ohio, 2008–2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"sir20115165","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5165","title":"Hydraulic characteristics of low-impact development practices in northeastern Ohio, 2008–2010","docAbstract":"Low-impact development (LID) is an approach to managing stormwater as near to its source as possible; this is accomplished by minimizing impervious surfaces and promoting more natural infiltration and evapotranspiration than is typically associated with developed areas. Two newly constructed LID sites in northeastern Ohio were studied to document their hydraulic characteristics. A roadside best-management practice (BMP) was constructed by replacing about 1,400 linear feet of existing ditches with a bioswale/rain garden BMP consisting of a grassed swale interspersed with rain-garden/overflow structures. The site was monitored in 2008, 2009, and 2010. Although some overflows occurred, numerous precipitation events exceeding the 0.75-inch design storm did not result in overflows. A second study site consists of an 8,200-square-foot parking lot made of a pervious pavers and a rain garden that receives runoff from the roof of a nearby commercial building. A comparison of data from 2009 and 2010 indicates that the median runoff volume in 2010 decreased relative to 2009. The centroid lag times (time difference between centroid of precipitation and centroid of flow) decreased in 2010, most likely due to more intense, shorter duration precipitation events and maturation of the rain garden. Additional data could help quantify the relation between meteorological variables and BMP efficiency.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115165","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Chagrin River Watershed Partners","usgsCitation":"Darner, R.A., and Dumouchelle, D.H., 2011, Hydraulic characteristics of low-impact development practices in northeastern Ohio, 2008–2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5165, iv, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115165.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5165.gif"},{"id":110953,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5165/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Chagrin River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.71666666666667,41.266666666666666 ], [ -81.71666666666667,41.666666666666664 ], [ -80.95,41.666666666666664 ], [ -80.95,41.266666666666666 ], [ -81.71666666666667,41.266666666666666 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a2f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Darner, Robert A. 0000-0003-1333-8265 radarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1333-8265","contributorId":1972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darner","given":"Robert","email":"radarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dumouchelle, Denise H. ddumouch@usgs.gov","contributorId":1847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumouchelle","given":"Denise","email":"ddumouch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70189371,"text":"70189371 - 2011 - Programming PHREEQC calculations with C++ and Python a comparative study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-03T09:43:21","indexId":"70189371","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Programming PHREEQC calculations with C++ and Python a comparative study","docAbstract":"The new IPhreeqc module provides an application programming interface (API) to facilitate coupling of other codes with the U.S. Geological Survey geochemical model PHREEQC. Traditionally, loose coupling of PHREEQC with other applications required methods to create PHREEQC input files, start external PHREEQC processes, and process PHREEQC output files. IPhreeqc eliminates most of this effort by providing direct access to PHREEQC capabilities through a component object model (COM), a library, or a dynamically linked library (DLL). Input and calculations can be specified through internally programmed strings, and all data exchange between an application and the module can occur in computer memory.
This study compares simulations programmed in C++ and Python that are tightly coupled with IPhreeqc modules to the traditional simulations that are loosely coupled to PHREEQC. The study compares performance, quantifies effort, and evaluates lines of code and the complexity of the design. The comparisons show that IPhreeqc offers a more powerful and simpler approach for incorporating PHREEQC calculations into transport models and other applications that need to perform PHREEQC calculations. The IPhreeqc module facilitates the design of coupled applications and significantly reduces run times. Even a moderate knowledge of one of the supported programming languages allows more efficient use of PHREEQC than the traditional loosely coupled approach.
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Y. pestis mainly cycles between small mammals and their fleas; however, it has the potential to infect humans and frequently causes fatalities if left untreated. It is often considered a disease of the past; however, since the late 1800s, plagueis geographic range has expanded greatly, posing new threats in previously unaffected regions of the world, including the Western United States. A literature search was conducted using Internet resources and databases. The keywords chosen for the searches included plague, Yersinia pestis, management, control, wildlife, prairie dogs, fleas, North America, and mammals. Keywords were used alone or in combination with the other terms. Although this search pertains mostly to North America, citations were included from the international research community, as well. Databases and search engines used included Google (http://www.google.com), Google Scholar (http://scholar.google.com), SciVerse Scopus (http://www.scopus.com), ISI Web of Knowledge (http://apps.isiknowledge.com), and the USGS Library's Digital Desktop (http://library.usgs.gov). The literature-cited sections of manuscripts obtained from keyword searches were cross-referenced to identify additional citations or gray literature that was missed by the Internet search engines. This Open-File Report, published as an Internet-accessible bibliography, is intended to be periodically updated with new citations or older references that may have been missed during this compilation. Hence, the authors would be grateful to receive notice of any new or old papers that the audience (users) think need to be included.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111293","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Ellison, L.E., and Frank, M.K., 2011, A bibliography of literature pertaining to plague (Yersinia pestis): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1293, iii, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111293.","productDescription":"iii, 43 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"43","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116715,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1293.png"},{"id":110936,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1293/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4974e4b0b290850ef2fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellison, Laura E. ellisonl@usgs.gov","contributorId":3220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellison","given":"Laura","email":"ellisonl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frank, Megan K. 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MFI2005 runs on personal computers and is designed to be easy to use; data are entered interactively through a series of display screens. MFI2005 supports parameter estimation using the UCODE_2005 program for parameter estimation. Data for MODPATH, a particle-tracking program for use with MODFLOW-2005, also can be entered using MFI2005. 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The study was designed to shed light on factors that affect the vulnerability of groundwater and, more specifically, water from public-supply wells to contamination to provide a context for the NAWQA Program's earlier finding of mixtures of contaminants at low concentrations in groundwater near the water table in urban areas across the Nation. The TANC study has included investigations at both the regional (tens to thousands of square kilometers) and local (generally less than 25 square kilometers) scales. At the regional scale, the approach to investigation involves refining conceptual models of groundwater flow in hydrologically distinct settings and then constructing or updating a groundwater-flow model with particle tracking for each setting to help quantify regional water budgets, public-supply well contributing areas (areas contributing recharge to wells and zones of contribution for wells), and traveltimes from recharge areas to selected wells. A great deal of information about each contributing area is captured from the model output, including values for 170 variables that describe physical and (or) geochemical characteristics of the contributing areas. The information is subsequently stored in a relational database. Retrospective water-quality data from monitoring, domestic, and many of the public-supply wells, as well as data from newly collected samples at selected public-supply wells, also are stored in the database and are used with the model output to help discern the more important factors affecting vulnerability in many, if not most, settings. The study began with investigations in seven regional areas, and it benefits from being conducted as part of the NAWQA Program, in which consistent methods are used so that meaningful comparisons can be made. 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