The orthorhombic crystal structures of shattuckite, Cu5( SiO3)4(OH)2 and planchétite, Cu8(Si4011)2(OH)4 H2O, have been solved. Shattuckite contains silicate chains similar to pyroxene in a complex association with copper atoms, while the closely related planchéite contains silicate chains similar to amphibole.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.154.3748.506","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Evans, H.T., and Mrose, M.E., 1966, Shattuckite and plancheite: A crystal chemical study: Science, v. 154, no. 3748, p. 506-507, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.154.3748.506.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"506","endPage":"507","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219559,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"154","issue":"3748","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e53e4b08c986b31888f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Howard T. Jr.","contributorId":70852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Howard","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mrose, Mary E.","contributorId":84750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mrose","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010707,"text":"70010707 - 1966 - Variational method of determining effective moduli of polycrystals with tetragonal symmetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-24T01:17:23.878279","indexId":"70010707","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2171,"text":"Journal of Applied Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variational method of determining effective moduli of polycrystals with tetragonal symmetry","docAbstract":"The Blue-winged Teal (Anas discors) was the subject of one of the first publications dealing with the breeding biology of a species of North American waterfowl (Bennett, 1938). Recent studies of the nesting chronology, clutch size, and incubation period of this species include the works of Hochbaum (1944), Sowls (1955), and Glover (1956). The present paper supplements information on these aspects of breeding biology.
Field work was done during the summers of 1961, 1962, and 1963 at the Delta Waterfowl Research Station (15 miles north of Portage la Prairie, Manitoba) which is adjacent to the Delta marsh at the south edge of Lake Manitoba. The climate in the area is subhumid. The mean annual temperature is 45.3°F and the annual precipitation is 20.1 inches at Winnipeg (60 miles ESE of Delta). The spring warming trend is variable and influences the time of spring arrival and the start of nesting of waterfowl (Sowls, 1955) and, as will be shown, the temperature may also influence the nesting chronology once a species has begun to nest. The daily mean temperatures and the daily lows at Winnipeg for the springs of 192 and 1963 are graphed in Figures 1 and 2. Daily records kept by nan Multer at Delta show that the temperatures there are similar to those at Winnipeg.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4083050","usgsCitation":"Dane, C., 1966, Some aspects of breeding biology of the blue-winged teal: The Auk, v. 83, no. 3, p. 389-402, https://doi.org/10.2307/4083050.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"389","endPage":"402","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130425,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db69700c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dane, C.W.","contributorId":95003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dane","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010758,"text":"70010758 - 1966 - Disequilibrium of the 238U series in basalt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-24T13:13:29.759265","indexId":"70010758","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Disequilibrium of the 238U series in basalt","docAbstract":"Radioisotope analyses of basalt samples from Hawaii, Japan, and Iwo Jima show that: (1)234U and238U are virtually in radioactive equilibrium, (2)230Th exceeds equilibrium values in all these samples, (3)210Pb concentrations range from 10–200% of the equilibrium values and average 30% deficient, and (4)226Ra is probably not in equilibrium with234U.
The source regions of the basalts or magma forming processes are open systems, chemically. The enrichment of some of the uranium-daughter nuclides is insufficient to account for the excess206Pb in volcanic rocks.
The isotopic composition of lead and specific activity of210Pb in sublimates from Showa-shinzan, Japan are also reported.
A stream-quality reconnaissance at 318 locations in May 1965 offered the first opportunity for a contemporaneous regional collection and appraisal of water-quality data in Appalachia. The results provide a means of regional comparison of the influence of coal-mine drainage on stream quality at approximately median streamflow. The results disclose that the chemical quality of the water at nearly 200 sites did not meet recommended drinking-water standards. At many of these sites, inferior quality was caused by excessive concentrations of solutes commonly associated with coalmine waters. Water-quality damage from mine drainage is particularly severe in the more heavily mined northern one-third of the region where high sulfate content, free mineral acidity, and low pH are typical of most affected streams. A deficiency in natural stream alkalinity in this part of the coal region contributes greatly to the massive effect of mine drainage upon stream quality. However, data collected from streams affected by mine drainage along the west edge of this part of the coal field suggest extensive neutralization of mine water. In southern Appalachia coal-mine drainage had less influence on stream quality than in northern Appalachia. Fewer streams in this area were influenced by mine drainage, and the magnitude of stream damage for affected streams was less than in northern Appalachia.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir526","usgsCitation":"Biesecker, J.E., and George, J.R., 1966, Stream quality in Appalachia as related to coal-mine drainage, 1965: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 526, Report: iv, 27 p.; 1 Plate: 34.89 x 32.60 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/cir526.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 27 p.; 1 Plate: 34.89 x 32.60 inches","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":31250,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1966/0526/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":415194,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23776.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":31251,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1966/0526/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118318,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1966/0526/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Appalachia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -88,\n 32.833\n ],\n [\n -75.5,\n 32.833\n ],\n [\n -75.5,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -88,\n 42\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a5161","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biesecker, James E.","contributorId":104042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biesecker","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"George, J. Richard","contributorId":31753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000381,"text":"1000381 - 1966 - The tullibee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:43","indexId":"1000381","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2758,"text":"Minnesota Conservation Volunteer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The tullibee","docAbstract":"Early explorers and settlers of the northeastern United States and southern Canada found lakes teeming with fish that had white flesh and were good to eat. The larger of these they called whitefish, differentiating two kinds- the lake whitefish and the round or menominee whitefish. These looked much alike, and each had the same appearance wherever it was found. The smaller fishes with white flesh had a variety of shapes, sizes, and colors in different lakes and areas, and were given several names; most common of these were 'cisco,' 'lake herring,' and 'tullibee.' Cisco subsequently became the common name for all of the small whitefishes, and lake herring was the name given to a single shallow-water species. The use of the name 'tullibee' became less common after ichthyologists concluded that it was a form of lake herring.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Minnesota Conservation Volunteer","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Smith, S.H., 1966, The tullibee: Minnesota Conservation Volunteer, v. 29, no. 170, p. 49-50.","productDescription":"p. 49-50","startPage":"49","endPage":"50","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"170","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc542","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Stanford H.","contributorId":86711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Stanford","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":81347,"text":"81347 - 1966 - U.S. Federal research on fisheries and limnology in the Great Lakes through 1964: an annotated bibliography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-25T10:33:32","indexId":"81347","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":84,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Fisheries","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"528","title":"U.S. Federal research on fisheries and limnology in the Great Lakes through 1964: an annotated bibliography","docAbstract":"The annotated bibliography is preceded by a brief account of the Federal research program in fisheries and limnology in the Great Lakes in 1957-64. The bibliography covers 314 papers by staff members of the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Biological Laboratory in Ann Arbor, Mich., and 35 by associated scientists with whom the Laboratory had contractual or other cooperative arrangements; included also are patents issued to Laboratory personnel. A roster of Laboratory scientists as of December 31, 1964, is appended.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Hile, R., 1966, U.S. Federal research on fisheries and limnology in the Great Lakes through 1964: an annotated bibliography: Special Scientific Report - Fisheries 528, 53 p.","productDescription":"53 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198423,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":101758,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015045825232?urlappend=%3Bseq=83"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db613a84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hile, Ralph","contributorId":48510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hile","given":"Ralph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2002150,"text":"2002150 - 1966 - Summer food of four species of lizards from the vicinity of White Sands, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:54","indexId":"2002150","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":109,"text":"Cont Sci.","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"121","title":"Summer food of four species of lizards from the vicinity of White Sands, New Mexico","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"Los Angeles County Museum","usgsCitation":"Dixon, J., and Medica, P., 1966, Summer food of four species of lizards from the vicinity of White Sands, New Mexico: Cont Sci. 121, p. 1-6.","productDescription":"p. 1-6","startPage":"1","endPage":"6","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198493,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db6986c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dixon, J.R.","contributorId":106057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Medica, P.A.","contributorId":77079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medica","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70009985,"text":"70009985 - 1966 - Mineral exploration and soil analysis using in situ neutron activation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-24T01:27:37.111069","indexId":"70009985","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2906,"text":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral exploration and soil analysis using in situ neutron activation","docAbstract":"A feasibility study has been made to operate by remote control an unshielded portable positive-ion accelerator type neutron source to induce activities in the ground or rock by “in situ” neutron irradiation. Selective activation techniques make it possible to detect some thirty or more elements by irradiating the ground for periods of a few minutes with either 3-MeV or 14-MeV neutrons. The depth of penetration of neutrons, the effect of water content of the soil on neutron moderation, gamma ray attenuation in the soil and other problems are considered.
The analysis shows that, when exploring for most elements of economic interest, the reaction 2H(d,n)3He yielding ∼ 3-MeV neutrons is most practical to produce a relatively uniform flux of neutrons of less than 1 keV to a depth of 19″–20″. Irradiation with high energy neutrons (∼ 14 MeV) can also be used and may be better suited for certain problems. However, due to higher background and lower sensitivity for the heavy minerals, it is not a recommended neutron source for general exploration use.
Preliminary experiments have been made which indicate that neutron activation in situ is feasible for a mineral exploration or qualititative soil analysis.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr6682","usgsCitation":"Maughan, E.K., 1966, Pennsylvanian and Permian paleogeography, tectonics and stratigraphy in Montana and the Dakotas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 66-82, 16 Plates: 19.00 x 25.00 or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr6682.","productDescription":"16 Plates: 19.00 x 25.00 or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174911,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":100195,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0082/plate-03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":100194,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0082/plate-02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":100193,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0082/plate-01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":100207,"rank":16,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0082/plate-15.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":100206,"rank":15,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0082/plate-14.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":100205,"rank":14,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0082/plate-13.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":100204,"rank":13,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0082/plate-12.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":100200,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0082/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":100199,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0082/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":100198,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0082/plate-06.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":415019,"rank":18,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_8139.htm"},{"id":100197,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0082/plate-05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":100203,"rank":12,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0082/plate-11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":100202,"rank":11,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0082/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":100208,"rank":17,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0082/plate-16.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":100201,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0082/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":100196,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1966/0082/plate-04.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.5,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -114.5,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -114.5,\n 49\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db689285","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maughan, E. K.","contributorId":25568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maughan","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":68346,"text":"ha167 - 1966 - Availability of ground water in the Crutchfield quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky-Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-01T22:34:25.686293","indexId":"ha167","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"167","title":"Availability of ground water in the Crutchfield quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky-Tennessee","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha167","usgsCitation":"Hansen, A., 1966, Availability of ground water in the Crutchfield quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky-Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 167, 1 Plate: 48.00 x 38.50 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha167.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 48.00 x 38.50 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188893,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":89822,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/167/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":413582,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_15528.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Kentucky, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Crutchfield quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 36.625\n ],\n [\n -88.875,\n 36.625\n ],\n [\n -88.875,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 36.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65de02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Arnold J.","contributorId":33316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Arnold J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":278069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70171213,"text":"70171213 - 1966 - Some effects of Heptachlor on bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T15:53:18","indexId":"70171213","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Some effects of Heptachlor on bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus)","docAbstract":"In complementary studies of the chronic effects of heptachlor on bluegills, four similar earthen ponds were treated once with different concentrations of heptachlor, and the fish in six plastic pools were routinely fed different levels of heptachlor. A fifth pond and two plastic pools were used as controls. Higher dosages resulted in higher concentrations of heptachlor residues, more pronounced tissue pathology, and higher mortality in the test fish. Heptachlor reached a maximum in the pond fish about 3 days after treatment, and could no longer be found in the fish or mud after 56 days. The fish fed continuous levels of heptachlor developed their highest residues at 56 days. Invertebrate populations in the two higher treatment level ponds were eliminated. Lesser effects appeared in the two lower concentrations. At the termination of the experiment, invertebrate populations in the treated ponds and the control were not significantly different, and had achieved or surpassed pretreatment levels. Degenerative liver lesions became pronounced in fish from the two higher exposure ponds, but a heavy infestation of trematode metacercariae in the fish of all the test ponds, except the control, clouded further interpretation of histopathological examinations. Pathology results from the fish in the feeding test, although inconclusive, tended to support the trends which were developing in the contact test. There was an inverse proportional relationship between growth of fish in the feeding test and the amount of heptachlor introduced. The control group showed the highest growth rate, and the groups with progressively higher intake of heptachlor had progressively lower growth rates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1966)95[297:SEOHOB]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Andrews, A.K., Stebbings, B.E., and Van Valin, C.C., 1966, Some effects of Heptachlor on bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus): Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 95, no. 3, p. 297-309, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1966)95[297:SEOHOB]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"297","endPage":"309","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321676,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5746ccc2e4b07e28b662dd2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, Austin K.","contributorId":85516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Austin","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stebbings, Bruce E.","contributorId":169616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stebbings","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Valin, Charles C.","contributorId":169609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Valin","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190813,"text":"70190813 - 1966 - Hydrologic and climatologic data, 1965, Salt Lake County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-26T15:44:09","indexId":"70190813","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5498,"text":"Utah Basic-Data Release","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"12","title":"Hydrologic and climatologic data, 1965, Salt Lake County, Utah","docAbstract":"An investigation of the water resources of Salt Lake County, Utah, was undertaken by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey in July 1963. This investigation is a cooperative project financed equally by the State of Utah and the Federal Government in accordance with an agreement between the State Engineer and the Geological Survey. The Utah Water and Power Board, Utah Fish and Game Commission, Salt Lake County Water Conservancy District, Metropolitan Water District of Salt Lake City, Salt Lake County, Kennecott Copper Corporation, Utah Power and Light Company, Salt Lake City Chamber of Commerce, and the Central Utah Water Conservancy District. contributed funds to the State Engineer's office toward support of the project.
The investigation encompasses the collection and interpretation of a large variety of climatologic, hydrologic, and geologic data in and near Salt Lake County. Utah Basic-Data Release No. 11 contains data collected through 1964. This release contains climatologic and surface-water data for the 1965 water year (October 1964 to September 1965) and ground-water data collected during the 1965 calendar year. Similar annual releases will contain data collected during the remainder of the investigation, and interpretive reports will be prepared as the investigation proceeds. Organizations that furnished data are acknowledged in station descriptions and footnotes to tables.
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A.","contributorId":63940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horr","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70171216,"text":"70171216 - 1966 - Toxicities of several pesticides to two species of Cladocerans","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T16:01:22","indexId":"70171216","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicities of several pesticides to two species of Cladocerans","docAbstract":"An investigation of the water resources of Salt Lake County, Utah, was undertaken by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey in July 1963. This investigation is a cooperative project financed equally by the State of Utah and the Federal Government in accordance with an agreement between the State Engineer and the Geological Survey. The Utah Water and Power Board, Utah Fish and Game Commission, Salt Lake County Water Conservancy District, Metropolitan Water District of Salt Lake City, Salt Lake County, Kennecott Copper Corporation, Utah Power and Light Company, and Salt Lake City Chamber of Commerce contributed funds to the State Engineer's office toward support of the project.
The investigation encompasses the collection and interpretation of a large variety of climatologic, hydrologic, and geologic data in and near Salt Lake County. This basic-data report sets forth climatologic and surface-water data collected by project personnel and others during the water year beginning October 1, 1963, and ending September 30, 1964, and ground-water data collected by project personnel and others for the period July 1, 1963, through December 31, 1964. Included also are some earlier ground-water data not previously published. Organizations that furnished data are acknowledged in station descriptions and footnotes to tables. Data collected during the period of investigation will be published in annual basic-data releases and an interpretative report will be published at the completion of the investigation.
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A granular formulation applied to a farm pond at 0.6 p.p.m. produced highest residues in water and fish about 2 weeks following treatment whereas vegetation and soil samples had the highest levels within 1 or 2 days. Residues were still measurable after 188 days. In ponds treated with a wettable powder formulation at 10, 20, and 40 p.p.m., residues in water and fish were highest within 3 days after treatment. The concentration in water 11 days after treatment was about 2% of the three-day level. Fish whole-body residues dropped nearly as fast but were still measurable at 112 days.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Organic pesticides in the environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ba-1966-0060.ch022","usgsCitation":"Van Valin, C., 1966, Persistence of 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile in aquatic environments, chap. of Organic pesticides in the environment, v. 60, p. 271-279, https://doi.org/10.1021/ba-1966-0060.ch022.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"279","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323977,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913e2e4b07657d19ff20b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Valin, C.C.","contributorId":169611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Valin","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185640,"text":"70185640 - 1966 - Waste injection into a deep limestone in northwestern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-26T10:23:28","indexId":"70185640","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Waste injection into a deep limestone in northwestern Florida","docAbstract":"During a three-month trial period, 70 million gallons of industrial wastes were successfully injected at moderate pressures into a deep limestone in the westernmost part of Florida. The movement of these wastes is expected to be predominantly southward toward the natural discharge area which is presumed to be far out in the Gulf of Mexico. The limestone lies between two thick beds of clay (aquicludes) and contains 13,000 parts per million salty water. A series of aquifers and aquicludes appear capable of preventing contamination of the overlying fresh-water aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1966.tb01588.x","usgsCitation":"Barraclough, J., 1966, Waste injection into a deep limestone in northwestern Florida: Groundwater, v. 4, no. 1, p. 22-24, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1966.tb01588.x.","productDescription":"3 p. ","startPage":"22","endPage":"24","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338341,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.9345703125,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -83.0126953125,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -83.0126953125,\n 31.203404950917395\n ],\n [\n -87.9345703125,\n 31.203404950917395\n ],\n [\n -87.9345703125,\n 29.611670115197377\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d63044e4b05ec799131139","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barraclough, J.T.","contributorId":16003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barraclough","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70195943,"text":"70195943 - 1966 - Color variations within glacial till, east-central North Dakota--A preliminary investigation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T13:40:16","indexId":"70195943","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2450,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Color variations within glacial till, east-central North Dakota--A preliminary investigation","docAbstract":"Color variations (orange zones within buff-colored till) in drift in east-central North Dakota are believed to represent two tills of separate origin. Mean size, standard deviation, and number and type of pebbles show greater difference between the two tills than do skewness, kurtosis, and partial chemical analyses. Probably blocks of older till were moved by the last glacier crossing the area and were redeposited in a matrix of younger till.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geological Institute","doi":"10.1306/74D7140B-2B21-11D7-8648000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Kelly, T.E., and Baker, C.H., 1966, Color variations within glacial till, east-central North Dakota--A preliminary investigation: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 36, no. 1, p. 75-80, https://doi.org/10.1306/74D7140B-2B21-11D7-8648000102C1865D.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"80","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352340,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff5fc0e4b0da30c1bfddc7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelly, T. E.","contributorId":63824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, Claud H. Jr.","contributorId":53413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Claud","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171219,"text":"70171219 - 1966 - Uptake of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by Pseudomonas fluorescens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-30T22:52:53.443754","indexId":"70171219","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Uptake of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by Pseudomonas fluorescens","title":"Uptake of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by Pseudomonas fluorescens","docAbstract":"Factors influencing the uptake of the sodium salt of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), under conditions in which no net metabolism occurred, were investigated in an effort to determine both the significance of “non-metabolic” uptake as a potential agent in reducing pesticide levels and the mechanisms involved. Uptake of 2,4-D was affected by pH, temperature, and the presence of other organic and inorganic compounds. Uptake was more pronounced at pH values less than 6, which implies that there may be some interaction between charged groups on the cell and the ionized carboxyl group of 2,4-D. Active transport, carrier-mediated diffusion, passive diffusion, and adsorption were considered as possible mechanisms. Though uptake was inhibited by glucose, sodium azide, and fluorodinitrobenzene (but not by uranyl ion), 2,4-D was not accumulated against a concentration gradient, a necessary consequence of an active transport system, nor was isotope counterflow found to occur. Thus, carrier-mediated diffusion was finally precluded, implying that uptake probably occurs by a two-step process: sorption onto the cell wall followed by passive diffusion into the cytoplasm.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/am.14.4.486-491.1966","usgsCitation":"Wedemeyer, G., 1966, Uptake of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by Pseudomonas fluorescens: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 14, no. 4, p. 486-491, https://doi.org/10.1128/am.14.4.486-491.1966.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"486","endPage":"491","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480352,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/am.14.4.486-491.1966","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321681,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5746ccc7e4b07e28b662dd6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wedemeyer, Gary gwedemeyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":5504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wedemeyer","given":"Gary","email":"gwedemeyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":630294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":96390,"text":"96390 - 1966 - Natural hybridization of the bisexual teiid lizard Cnemidophorus inornatus and the unisexual Cnemidophorus perplexus in southern New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:56","indexId":"96390","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Natural hybridization of the bisexual teiid lizard Cnemidophorus inornatus and the unisexual Cnemidophorus perplexus in southern New Mexico","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"University of Colorado Studies, Series in Biology","usgsCitation":"Taylor, H., and Medica, P., 1966, Natural hybridization of the bisexual teiid lizard Cnemidophorus inornatus and the unisexual Cnemidophorus perplexus in southern New Mexico, v. 22, p. 1-9.","productDescription":"p. 1-9","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127701,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698146","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, H.L.","contributorId":74323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"H.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Medica, P.A.","contributorId":77079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medica","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":95225,"text":"95225 - 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1966 - Lamprey control and research in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-06T16:54:24.221625","indexId":"93722","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Lamprey control and research in the United States","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission Annual Report, 1964","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Smith, B.R., 1966, Lamprey control and research in the United States, 18 p.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"40","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415350,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.glfc.org/annual-reports.php"},{"id":128257,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.714444842021,\n 48.48770654175058\n ],\n [\n -93.714444842021,\n 39.19355786261647\n ],\n [\n -75.03922973389709,\n 39.19355786261647\n ],\n [\n -75.03922973389709,\n 48.48770654175058\n ],\n [\n -93.714444842021,\n 48.48770654175058\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0f21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Bernard R.","contributorId":38924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Bernard","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":68240,"text":"ha168 - 1966 - Availability of ground water in the Heath quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-28T21:59:12.573943","indexId":"ha168","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"168","title":"Availability of ground water in the Heath quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha168","usgsCitation":"Lambert, T.W., 1966, Availability of ground water in the Heath quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 168, 1 Plate: 48.00 x 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha168.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 48.00 x 36.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":423023,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_15529.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":89620,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/168/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":189568,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","otherGeospatial":"Heath quadrangle, Jackson Purchase region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.875,\n 37.125\n ],\n [\n -88.875,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -88.75,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -88.75,\n 37.125\n ],\n [\n -88.875,\n 37.125\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d975","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lambert, T. William","contributorId":40574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010649,"text":"70010649 - 1966 - Crystallization of tholeiitic basalt in Alae Lava Lake, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-24T01:22:52.723334","indexId":"70010649","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1093,"text":"Bulletin Volcanologique","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crystallization of tholeiitic basalt in Alae Lava Lake, Hawaii","docAbstract":"The eruption of Kilauea Volcano August 21–23, 1963, left 600,000 cubic meters of basaltic lava in a lava lake as much as 15 meters deep in Alae pit crater. Field studies of the lake began August 27 and include repeated core drilling, measurements of temperature in the crust and melt, and precise level surveys of the lake surface. The last interstitial melt in the lake solidified late in September 1964; by mid August 1965 the maximum temperature was 690°C at a depth of 11.5 meters.
Pumice air-quenched from about 1140°C contains only 5 percent crystals — clinopyroxene, cuhedral olivine (Fo 80), and a trace of plagioclase, (An 70). Drill cores taken from the zone of crystallization in the lake show that olivine continued crystallizing to about 1070°C; below that it reacts with the melt, becoming corroded and mantled by pyroxene and plagioclase. Below 1070°C, pyroxene and plagioclase crystallized at a constant ratio. Ilmenite first appeared at about 1070°C and was joined by magnetite at about 1050°C; both increased rapidly in abundance to 1000°C. Apatite first appeared as minute needles in interstitial glass at 1000°C. Both the abundance and index of refraction of glass quenched from melt decreased nearly linearly with falling temperature. At 1070°C the quenched lava contains about 65 percent dark-brown glass with an index of 1.61; at 980°C it contains about 8 percent colorless glass with an index of 1.49. Below 980°C, the percentage of glass remained constant. Progressive crystallization forced exsolution of gases from the melt fraction; these formed vesicles and angular pores, causing expansion of the crystallizing lava and lifting the surface of the central part of the lake an average of 19.5 cm. The solidified basalt underwent pneumatolitic alteration, including deposition of cristobalite at 800°C, reddish alteration of olivine at 700°C, tarnishing of ilmenite at 550°C, deposition of anhydrite at 250°C, and deposition of native sulfur at 100°C. Ferric-ferrous ratios suggest that oxidation with maximum intensity between 550°C and 610°C moved downward in the crust as it cooled; this was followed by reduction at a temperature of about 100°C.
The crystallized basalt is a homogeneous fine-grained rock containing on the average 48.3 percent by volume intergranular pyroxene (augite > pigeonite), 34.2 percent plagioclase laths (An60 70), 7.9 percent interstitial glass, 6.9 percent opaques (ilmenite > magnetite), 2.7 percent olivine (Fo70 80), and a trace of apatite. Chemical analyses of 18 samples, ranging from initially quenched pumice to lava cored more than a year after the eruption from the center and from near the base of the lake, show little variation from silica-saturated tholeiitic basalt containing 50.4 percent SiO2, 2.4 percent Na2O, and 0.54 percent K2O. Apparently there was no significant crystal settling and no appreciable vapor-phase transport of these components during the year of crystallization. However, seven samples of interstitial liquid that had been filter-pressed into gash fractures and drill holes from partly crystalline mush near the base of the crust show large differences from the bulk composition of the solidified crust—lower MgO, CaO, and Al2O3; and higher total iron, TiO2, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, and F, and, in most samples, SiO2. The minor elements Ba, Ga, Li, Y, and Yb and possibly Cu tend to be enriched in the filter-pressed liquids, and Cr and possibly Ni tend to be depleted.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02597182","issn":"0366483X","usgsCitation":"Peck, D., Wright, T.L., and Moore, J., 1966, Crystallization of tholeiitic basalt in Alae Lava Lake, Hawaii: Bulletin Volcanologique, v. 29, no. 1, p. 629-655, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02597182.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"629","endPage":"655","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219315,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.3102874755859,\n 19.385647795879144\n ],\n [\n -155.22377014160156,\n 19.385647795879144\n ],\n [\n -155.22377014160156,\n 19.456881030166105\n ],\n [\n -155.3102874755859,\n 19.456881030166105\n ],\n [\n -155.3102874755859,\n 19.385647795879144\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd02e4b0c8380cd4e597","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peck, D. L.","contributorId":53784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"D. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, T. L.","contributorId":11188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, J.G.","contributorId":67496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70010713,"text":"70010713 - 1966 - Palaeomagnetism and potassium-argon ages of some volcanic rocks from the Galapagos Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:19","indexId":"70010713","displayToPublicDate":"1966-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1966","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Palaeomagnetism and potassium-argon ages of some volcanic rocks from the Galapagos Islands","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/209776a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Cox, A., and Dalrymple, G.B., 1966, Palaeomagnetism and potassium-argon ages of some volcanic rocks from the Galapagos Islands: Nature, v. 209, no. 5025, p. 776-777, https://doi.org/10.1038/209776a0.","startPage":"776","endPage":"777","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":204945,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/209776a0"},{"id":219482,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"209","issue":"5025","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1966-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73aae4b0c8380cd77198","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cox, A.","contributorId":89266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dalrymple, G. B.","contributorId":10407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalrymple","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}