{"pageNumber":"663","pageRowStart":"16550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68919,"records":[{"id":70039812,"text":"sir20125180 - 2012 - Characterization of subsurface geologic structure for potential water resources near the Villages of Moenkopi, Arizona, 2009--2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-06T01:02:24","indexId":"sir20125180","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5180","title":"Characterization of subsurface geologic structure for potential water resources near the Villages of Moenkopi, Arizona, 2009--2010","docAbstract":"The Hopi Tribe depends on groundwater as their primary drinking-water source in the area of the Villages of Moenkopi, in northeastern Arizona. Growing concerns of the potential for uranium contamination at the Moenkopi water supply wells from the Tuba City Landfill prompted the need for an improved understanding of subsurface geology and groundwater near Moenkopi. Information in this report provides the Hopi Tribe with new hydrogeologic information that provides a better understanding of groundwater resources near the Villages of Moenkopi. The U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and the Hopi Tribe used the controlled source audio-frequency magnetotelluric (CSAMT) geophysical technique to characterize the subsurface near Moenkopi from December 2009 to September 2010. A total of six CSAMT profiles were surveyed to identify possible fracturing and faulting in the subsurface that provides information about the occurrence and movement of groundwater. Inversion results from the six CSAMT lines indicated that north to south trending fractures are more prevalent than east to west. CSAMT Lines A and C showed multiple areas in the Navajo Sandstone where fractures are present. Lines B, D, E, and F did not show the same fracturing as Lines A and C.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125180","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and the Hopi Tribe","usgsCitation":"Macy, J.P., 2012, Characterization of subsurface geologic structure for potential water resources near the Villages of Moenkopi, Arizona, 2009--2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5180, 24 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.), https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125180.","productDescription":"24 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.)","startPage":"1","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2009-12-01","temporalEnd":"2010-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260174,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5180.gif"},{"id":260166,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5180/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":260167,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5180/sir2012-5180.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","city":"Moenkopi","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4dde4b0c8380cd4bf82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Macy, Jamie P. 0000-0003-3443-0079 jpmacy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-0079","contributorId":2173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macy","given":"Jamie","email":"jpmacy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039805,"text":"ofr20121154 - 2012 - Landscape consequences of natural gas extraction in Bradford and Washington Counties, Pennsylvania, 2004-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T17:19:54","indexId":"ofr20121154","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1154","title":"Landscape consequences of natural gas extraction in Bradford and Washington Counties, Pennsylvania, 2004-2010","docAbstract":"<p>Increased demands for cleaner burning energy, coupled with the relatively recent technological advances in accessing unconventional hydrocarbon-rich geologic formations, led to an intense effort to find and extract natural gas from various underground sources around the country. One of these sources, the Marcellus Shale, located in the Allegheny Plateau, is undergoing extensive drilling and production. The technology used to extract gas in the Marcellus Shale is known as hydraulic fracturing and has garnered much attention because of its use of large amounts of fresh water, its use of proprietary fluids for the hydraulic-fracturing process, its potential to release contaminants into the environment, and its potential effect on water resources. Nonetheless, development of natural gas extraction wells in the Marcellus Shale is only part of the overall natural gas story in the area of Pennsylvania. Coalbed methane, which is sometimes extracted using the same technique, is often located in the same general area as the Marcellus Shale and is frequently developed in clusters across the landscape. The combined effects of these two natural gas extraction methods create potentially serious patterns of disturbance on the landscape. This document quantifies the landscape changes and consequences of natural gas extraction for Bradford County and Washington County, Pennsylvania, between 2004 and 2010. Patterns of landscape disturbance related to natural gas extraction activities were collected and digitized using National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery for 2004, 2005/2006, 2008, and 2010. The disturbance patterns were then used to measure changes in land cover and land use using the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) of 2001. A series of landscape metrics is used to quantify these changes and are included in this publication.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121154","usgsCitation":"Slonecker, E., Milheim, L., Roig-Silva, C., Malizia, A., Marr, D., and Fisher, G., 2012, Landscape consequences of natural gas extraction in Bradford and Washington Counties, Pennsylvania, 2004-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1154, v, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121154.","productDescription":"v, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260139,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1154.gif"},{"id":260204,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1154/of2012-1154.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.21 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":260134,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1154","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Bradford, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Allegheny Plateau, Appalachian Basin, Marcellus Shale","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-79.916171,39.720893],[-80.075947,39.72135],[-80.421388,39.721189],[-80.519342,39.721403],[-80.519423,39.806181],[-80.518891,39.890964],[-80.519248,39.936967],[-80.51896,40.078089],[-80.519039,40.342101],[-80.517991,40.367968],[-80.51769,40.462467],[-80.51899,40.473667],[-80.519002,40.877543],[-80.519891,40.906661],[-80.519091,40.921061],[-80.518928,41.070954],[-80.519144,41.171203],[-80.518693,41.248855],[-80.518993,41.268155],[-80.518794,41.305509],[-80.519129,41.312408],[-80.519345,41.340145],[-80.518993,41.435454],[-80.519339,41.539297],[-80.519425,41.977522],[-80.435451,42.005611],[-80.409776,42.011578],[-80.373066,42.024102],[-80.371869,42.023966],[-80.363251,42.027973],[-80.349169,42.030243],[-80.329976,42.036168],[-80.296758,42.049076],[-80.230486,42.077957],[-80.188085,42.094257],[-80.165884,42.105857],[-80.154084,42.114757],[-80.136213,42.149937],[-80.13043,42.156331],[-80.117368,42.166341],[-80.088512,42.173184],[-80.077388,42.171262],[-80.073381,42.168658],[-80.080028,42.163625],[-80.071981,42.155357],[-80.078781,42.151457],[-80.076281,42.147857],[-80.07198,42.146057],[-80.06108,42.144857],[-79.989186,42.177051],[-79.931324,42.206737],[-79.923924,42.207546],[-79.90105,42.216701],[-79.886187,42.224933],[-79.867979,42.230999],[-79.844661,42.235486],[-79.798447,42.255939],[-79.761951,42.26986],[-79.762152,42.243054],[-79.761759,42.162675],[-79.762122,42.131246],[-79.761709,42.11899],[-79.761798,42.019042],[-79.761374,41.999067],[-79.670128,41.999335],[-79.472472,41.998255],[-79.249772,41.998807],[-79.17857,41.999458],[-79.061265,41.999259],[-78.983065,41.998949],[-78.874759,41.997559],[-78.749754,41.998109],[-78.59665,41.999877],[-78.308128,41.999415],[-78.271204,41.998968],[-78.12473,42.000452],[-78.031177,41.999415],[-77.997508,41.998758],[-77.83203,41.998524],[-77.505308,42.00007],[-77.124693,41.999395],[-77.063676,42.000461],[-76.920784,42.001774],[-76.749675,42.001689],[-76.558118,42.000155],[-76.462155,41.998934],[-76.343722,41.998346],[-76.131201,41.998954],[-75.98025,41.999035],[-75.870677,41.998828],[-75.742217,41.997864],[-75.610316,41.99896],[-75.359579,41.999445],[-75.353504,41.99711],[-75.346568,41.995324],[-75.341125,41.992772],[-75.337602,41.9867],[-75.337791,41.984386],[-75.34246,41.974303],[-75.342204,41.972872],[-75.339488,41.970786],[-75.335771,41.970315],[-75.329318,41.968232],[-75.322384,41.961693],[-75.32004,41.960867],[-75.318168,41.954236],[-75.312817,41.950182],[-75.310358,41.949012],[-75.303966,41.948216],[-75.301664,41.94838],[-75.301233,41.9489],[-75.301593,41.952811],[-75.300409,41.953871],[-75.29858,41.954521],[-75.293713,41.954593],[-75.29143,41.952477],[-75.291762,41.947092],[-75.290966,41.945039],[-75.289383,41.942891],[-75.279094,41.938917],[-75.277243,41.933598],[-75.276501,41.926679],[-75.276552,41.922208],[-75.275368,41.919564],[-75.269736,41.911363],[-75.267562,41.907054],[-75.267773,41.901971],[-75.272778,41.897112],[-75.272581,41.893168],[-75.271292,41.88736],[-75.267789,41.885982],[-75.263005,41.885109],[-75.260623,41.883783],[-75.257564,41.877108],[-75.258439,41.875087],[-75.261488,41.873277],[-75.263815,41.870757],[-75.263673,41.868105],[-75.262802,41.866213],[-75.260527,41.8638],[-75.257825,41.862154],[-75.251197,41.86204],[-75.248045,41.8633],[-75.243345,41.866875],[-75.241134,41.867118],[-75.238743,41.865699],[-75.234565,41.861569],[-75.231612,41.859459],[-75.22572,41.857481],[-75.223734,41.857456],[-75.220125,41.860534],[-75.21497,41.867449],[-75.209741,41.86925],[-75.204002,41.869867],[-75.197836,41.868807],[-75.194382,41.867287],[-75.191441,41.865063],[-75.190203,41.862454],[-75.188888,41.861264],[-75.186993,41.860109],[-75.185254,41.85993],[-75.183937,41.860515],[-75.182271,41.862198],[-75.180497,41.86568],[-75.179134,41.869935],[-75.176633,41.872371],[-75.174574,41.87266],[-75.170565,41.871608],[-75.169142,41.87029],[-75.168053,41.867043],[-75.168733,41.859258],[-75.166217,41.853862],[-75.164168,41.851586],[-75.161541,41.849836],[-75.156512,41.848327],[-75.152898,41.848564],[-75.143824,41.851737],[-75.140241,41.852078],[-75.130983,41.845145],[-75.127913,41.844903],[-75.118789,41.845819],[-75.115598,41.844638],[-75.114399,41.843583],[-75.113369,41.840698],[-75.113441,41.836298],[-75.114998,41.8303],[-75.115147,41.827285],[-75.114837,41.82567],[-75.113334,41.822782],[-75.100024,41.818347],[-75.093537,41.813375],[-75.089484,41.811576],[-75.085789,41.811626],[-75.079818,41.814815],[-75.078063,41.815112],[-75.074409,41.815088],[-75.072172,41.813732],[-75.071751,41.811901],[-75.072168,41.808327],[-75.074412,41.802191],[-75.076889,41.798509],[-75.07827,41.797467],[-75.081415,41.796483],[-75.088328,41.797534],[-75.092876,41.796386],[-75.101463,41.787941],[-75.102329,41.786503],[-75.103548,41.782008],[-75.10464,41.774203],[-75.104334,41.772693],[-75.103492,41.771238],[-75.10099,41.769121],[-75.095451,41.768366],[-75.09281,41.768361],[-75.079478,41.771205],[-75.075942,41.771518],[-75.074231,41.770518],[-75.072664,41.768807],[-75.068567,41.767298],[-75.064901,41.766686],[-75.060759,41.764638],[-75.053431,41.752538],[-75.052808,41.744725],[-75.054818,41.735168],[-75.053527,41.72715],[-75.049699,41.715093],[-75.049862,41.713309],[-75.050689,41.711969],[-75.052226,41.711396],[-75.061174,41.712935],[-75.06663,41.712588],[-75.068642,41.710146],[-75.06883,41.708161],[-75.067278,41.705434],[-75.059829,41.699716],[-75.056745,41.695703],[-75.052736,41.688393],[-75.051234,41.682439],[-75.051285,41.679961],[-75.052653,41.678436],[-75.058765,41.674412],[-75.059332,41.67232],[-75.05843,41.669653],[-75.057251,41.668933],[-75.053991,41.668194],[-75.04992,41.662556],[-75.048683,41.656317],[-75.049281,41.641862],[-75.048658,41.633781],[-75.048199,41.632011],[-75.043562,41.62364],[-75.044224,41.617978],[-75.045508,41.616203],[-75.047298,41.615791],[-75.048385,41.615986],[-75.051856,41.618157],[-75.05385,41.618655],[-75.060098,41.617482],[-75.06156,41.616429],[-75.061675,41.615468],[-75.059956,41.612306],[-75.059725,41.610801],[-75.062716,41.609639],[-75.067795,41.610143],[-75.071667,41.609501],[-75.074626,41.607905],[-75.074613,41.605711],[-75.066955,41.599428],[-75.063677,41.594739],[-75.060012,41.590813],[-75.052858,41.587772],[-75.04676,41.583258],[-75.043879,41.575094],[-75.04049,41.569688],[-75.036989,41.567049],[-75.033162,41.565092],[-75.029211,41.564637],[-75.027343,41.563541],[-75.018524,41.551802],[-75.016328,41.546501],[-75.016144,41.544246],[-75.017626,41.542734],[-75.022828,41.541456],[-75.024798,41.539801],[-75.024757,41.535099],[-75.024206,41.534018],[-75.023018,41.533147],[-75.016616,41.53211],[-75.014919,41.531399],[-75.009552,41.528461],[-75.00385,41.524052],[-75.001297,41.52065],[-75.000911,41.519292],[-75.000935,41.517638],[-75.002592,41.51456],[-75.003706,41.511118],[-75.003694,41.509295],[-75.003151,41.508101],[-74.999612,41.5074],[-74.993893,41.508754],[-74.987645,41.508738],[-74.985653,41.507926],[-74.984372,41.506611],[-74.982385,41.500981],[-74.982168,41.498486],[-74.982463,41.496467],[-74.985247,41.489113],[-74.985595,41.485863],[-74.985004,41.483703],[-74.983341,41.480894],[-74.981652,41.479945],[-74.969887,41.477438],[-74.95826,41.476396],[-74.956411,41.476735],[-74.94808,41.480625],[-74.945634,41.483213],[-74.941798,41.483542],[-74.932585,41.482323],[-74.926835,41.478327],[-74.924092,41.477138],[-74.917282,41.477041],[-74.912517,41.475605],[-74.909181,41.472436],[-74.908133,41.468117],[-74.908103,41.464639],[-74.906887,41.461131],[-74.9042,41.459806],[-74.895069,41.45819],[-74.892114,41.456959],[-74.890358,41.455324],[-74.889116,41.452534],[-74.889075,41.451245],[-74.894931,41.446099],[-74.896399,41.442179],[-74.896025,41.439987],[-74.893913,41.43893],[-74.888691,41.438259],[-74.876721,41.440338],[-74.864688,41.443993],[-74.858578,41.444427],[-74.8542,41.443166],[-74.848602,41.440179],[-74.845572,41.437577],[-74.836915,41.431625],[-74.834635,41.430796],[-74.830671,41.430503],[-74.828592,41.430698],[-74.826031,41.431736],[-74.82288,41.436792],[-74.817995,41.440505],[-74.812123,41.442982],[-74.807582,41.442847],[-74.805655,41.442101],[-74.801225,41.4381],[-74.80037,41.43606],[-74.800095,41.432661],[-74.799546,41.43129],[-74.795396,41.42398],[-74.793856,41.422671],[-74.790417,41.42166],[-74.784339,41.422397],[-74.778029,41.425104],[-74.773239,41.426352],[-74.77065,41.42623],[-74.763701,41.423612],[-74.758587,41.423287],[-74.754359,41.425147],[-74.75068,41.427984],[-74.743821,41.430635],[-74.740932,41.43116],[-74.738455,41.430641],[-74.736688,41.429228],[-74.735519,41.427465],[-74.734893,41.425818],[-74.734731,41.422699],[-74.738684,41.413463],[-74.741086,41.411413],[-74.741717,41.40788],[-74.740963,41.40512],[-74.738554,41.401191],[-74.736103,41.398398],[-74.73364,41.396975],[-74.730384,41.39566],[-74.720891,41.39469],[-74.715979,41.392584],[-74.713411,41.389814],[-74.710391,41.382102],[-74.708458,41.378901],[-74.703282,41.375093],[-74.694968,41.370431],[-74.691129,41.367324],[-74.689516,41.363843],[-74.689767,41.361558],[-74.691076,41.36034],[-74.696398,41.357339],[-74.694914,41.357423],[-74.700595,41.354553],[-74.704429,41.354043],[-74.708514,41.352734],[-74.720923,41.347384],[-74.730373,41.345983],[-74.735622,41.346518],[-74.753239,41.346122],[-74.755971,41.344953],[-74.760325,41.340325],[-74.763499,41.331568],[-74.766714,41.328558],[-74.771588,41.325079],[-74.774887,41.324326],[-74.781584,41.324229],[-74.789095,41.323281],[-74.792116,41.322465],[-74.79504,41.320407],[-74.795822,41.318516],[-74.792377,41.314088],[-74.791991,41.311639],[-74.792558,41.310628],[-74.806858,41.303155],[-74.812033,41.298157],[-74.815703,41.296151],[-74.821884,41.293838],[-74.830057,41.2872],[-74.834067,41.281111],[-74.838366,41.277286],[-74.841137,41.27098],[-74.846319,41.263077],[-74.846506,41.261576],[-74.845031,41.258055],[-74.845883,41.254945],[-74.846932,41.253318],[-74.848987,41.251192],[-74.854669,41.25051],[-74.856003,41.250094],[-74.857151,41.248975],[-74.861678,41.241575],[-74.862049,41.237609],[-74.866182,41.232132],[-74.867405,41.22777],[-74.866839,41.226865],[-74.860837,41.222317],[-74.859323,41.220507],[-74.859632,41.219077],[-74.860398,41.217454],[-74.867287,41.208754],[-74.874034,41.198543],[-74.878275,41.190489],[-74.878492,41.187504],[-74.882139,41.180836],[-74.889424,41.1736],[-74.899701,41.166181],[-74.901172,41.16387],[-74.90178,41.161394],[-74.905256,41.155668],[-74.923169,41.138146],[-74.931141,41.133387],[-74.945067,41.129052],[-74.947714,41.126292],[-74.947334,41.124439],[-74.947912,41.12356],[-74.964294,41.114237],[-74.966298,41.113669],[-74.969312,41.113869],[-74.972917,41.113327],[-74.979873,41.110423],[-74.982212,41.108245],[-74.991718,41.092284],[-74.991815,41.089132],[-74.991013,41.088578],[-74.988263,41.088222],[-74.984782,41.088545],[-74.981314,41.08986],[-74.975298,41.094073],[-74.972036,41.095562],[-74.969434,41.096074],[-74.967464,41.095327],[-74.966759,41.093425],[-74.968389,41.087797],[-74.970987,41.085293],[-74.98259,41.079172],[-74.989332,41.078319],[-74.994847,41.076556],[-74.999617,41.073943],[-75.006376,41.067546],[-75.011133,41.067521],[-75.01257,41.066281],[-75.015271,41.061215],[-75.015867,41.05821],[-75.017239,41.055491],[-75.019186,41.052968],[-75.025702,41.046482],[-75.026376,41.04444],[-75.02543,41.04071],[-75.025777,41.039806],[-75.030701,41.038416],[-75.034496,41.036755],[-75.040668,41.031755],[-75.070532,41.01862],[-75.074999,41.01713],[-75.081101,41.016838],[-75.089787,41.014549],[-75.090312,41.013302],[-75.095556,41.008874],[-75.100682,41.006716],[-75.109114,41.004102],[-75.110595,41.002174],[-75.123423,40.996129],[-75.127196,40.993954],[-75.130575,40.991093],[-75.131619,40.9889],[-75.13153,40.984914],[-75.132106,40.982566],[-75.133086,40.980179],[-75.135521,40.976865],[-75.135526,40.973807],[-75.13378,40.970973],[-75.131364,40.969277],[-75.129074,40.968976],[-75.122603,40.970152],[-75.120514,40.968369],[-75.11977,40.96651],[-75.12065,40.964028],[-75.119893,40.961646],[-75.118904,40.956361],[-75.117764,40.953023],[-75.111683,40.948111],[-75.106153,40.939671],[-75.105524,40.936294],[-75.095526,40.924152],[-75.079279,40.91389],[-75.076956,40.90988],[-75.076092,40.907042],[-75.075188,40.900154],[-75.075957,40.895694],[-75.07534,40.894162],[-75.07392,40.892176],[-75.065438,40.885682],[-75.062149,40.882289],[-75.058655,40.877654],[-75.053664,40.87366],[-75.051508,40.870224],[-75.050839,40.868067],[-75.051029,40.865662],[-75.053294,40.8599],[-75.060491,40.85302],[-75.064328,40.848338],[-75.066014,40.847591],[-75.07083,40.847392],[-75.073544,40.84894],[-75.076684,40.849875],[-75.090962,40.849187],[-75.095784,40.847082],[-75.097221,40.844672],[-75.097586,40.843042],[-75.097572,40.840967],[-75.097006,40.839336],[-75.09494,40.837103],[-75.085517,40.830085],[-75.083822,40.827805],[-75.083929,40.824471],[-75.085387,40.821972],[-75.090518,40.815913],[-75.096147,40.812211],[-75.098279,40.810286],[-75.100277,40.807578],[-75.100739,40.805488],[-75.100165,40.803],[-75.100277,40.801176],[-75.1008,40.799797],[-75.108505,40.791094],[-75.111343,40.789896],[-75.116842,40.78935],[-75.123088,40.786746],[-75.125867,40.784026],[-75.131465,40.77595],[-75.133303,40.774124],[-75.1344,40.773765],[-75.139106,40.773606],[-75.149378,40.774786],[-75.16365,40.778386],[-75.169523,40.778473],[-75.171587,40.777745],[-75.173349,40.776129],[-75.17562,40.772923],[-75.176855,40.768721],[-75.177477,40.764225],[-75.17904,40.761897],[-75.183037,40.759344],[-75.191796,40.75583],[-75.196533,40.751631],[-75.196861,40.750097],[-75.196325,40.747137],[-75.195349,40.745473],[-75.18578,40.737266],[-75.182804,40.73365],[-75.182084,40.731522],[-75.1825,40.729922],[-75.186372,40.72397],[-75.189412,40.71797],[-75.192612,40.715874],[-75.19442,40.714018],[-75.19872,40.705298],[-75.20392,40.691498],[-75.20092,40.685498],[-75.19692,40.681299],[-75.19058,40.679379],[-75.184516,40.679971],[-75.180564,40.679363],[-75.177587,40.677731],[-75.176803,40.675715],[-75.177491,40.672595],[-75.182756,40.665971],[-75.18794,40.663811],[-75.190852,40.661939],[-75.196676,40.655123],[-75.200452,40.649219],[-75.200468,40.646899],[-75.193492,40.642275],[-75.192276,40.640803],[-75.191059,40.637971],[-75.188579,40.624628],[-75.189283,40.621492],[-75.190691,40.619956],[-75.197891,40.619332],[-75.200708,40.618356],[-75.201812,40.617188],[-75.201348,40.614628],[-75.198499,40.611492],[-75.195923,40.606788],[-75.192291,40.602676],[-75.190146,40.590359],[-75.190796,40.586838],[-75.194656,40.58194],[-75.195114,40.579689],[-75.194046,40.576256],[-75.192352,40.574257],[-75.186737,40.569406],[-75.183151,40.567354],[-75.175307,40.564996],[-75.168609,40.564111],[-75.162871,40.564096],[-75.158446,40.565286],[-75.147368,40.573152],[-75.141906,40.575273],[-75.136748,40.575731],[-75.117292,40.573211],[-75.110903,40.570671],[-75.100325,40.567811],[-75.0957,40.564401],[-75.078503,40.548296],[-75.068615,40.542223],[-75.067257,40.539584],[-75.066426,40.536619],[-75.06509,40.526148],[-75.065853,40.519495],[-75.066001,40.510716],[-75.065275,40.504682],[-75.062373,40.491689],[-75.061937,40.486362],[-75.062227,40.481391],[-75.064327,40.476795],[-75.067776,40.472827],[-75.06805,40.468578],[-75.067302,40.464954],[-75.070568,40.456348],[-75.070568,40.455165],[-75.067425,40.448323],[-75.062923,40.433407],[-75.061489,40.422848],[-75.058848,40.418065],[-75.056102,40.416066],[-75.046473,40.413792],[-75.043071,40.411603],[-75.041651,40.409894],[-75.036616,40.406796],[-75.028315,40.403883],[-75.024775,40.403455],[-75.017221,40.404638],[-75.003351,40.40785],[-74.998651,40.410093],[-74.996378,40.410528],[-74.988901,40.408773],[-74.985467,40.405935],[-74.982735,40.404432],[-74.969597,40.39977],[-74.965508,40.397337],[-74.963997,40.395246],[-74.953697,40.376081],[-74.948722,40.364768],[-74.946006,40.357306],[-74.945088,40.347332],[-74.943776,40.342564],[-74.939711,40.338006],[-74.933111,40.333106],[-74.92681,40.329406],[-74.91741,40.322406],[-74.90831,40.316907],[-74.90331,40.315607],[-74.896409,40.315107],[-74.891609,40.313007],[-74.887109,40.310307],[-74.880609,40.305607],[-74.868209,40.295207],[-74.860492,40.284584],[-74.856508,40.277407],[-74.853108,40.269707],[-74.846608,40.258808],[-74.842308,40.250508],[-74.836307,40.246208],[-74.823907,40.241508],[-74.819507,40.238508],[-74.795306,40.229408],[-74.781206,40.221508],[-74.77136,40.215399],[-74.770406,40.214508],[-74.766905,40.207709],[-74.760605,40.198909],[-74.756905,40.189409],[-74.755605,40.186709],[-74.754305,40.185209],[-74.751705,40.183309],[-74.744105,40.181009],[-74.737205,40.177609],[-74.733804,40.174509],[-74.722304,40.160609],[-74.721504,40.158409],[-74.721604,40.15381],[-74.722604,40.15001],[-74.724304,40.14701],[-74.725663,40.145495],[-74.740605,40.13521],[-74.742905,40.13441],[-74.745905,40.13421],[-74.755305,40.13471],[-74.758882,40.134036],[-74.762864,40.132541],[-74.769488,40.129145],[-74.782106,40.12081],[-74.785106,40.12031],[-74.788706,40.12041],[-74.800607,40.12281],[-74.812807,40.12691],[-74.816307,40.12761],[-74.819007,40.12751],[-74.822307,40.12671],[-74.825907,40.12391],[-74.828408,40.12031],[-74.832808,40.11171],[-74.835108,40.10391],[-74.838008,40.10091],[-74.843408,40.09771],[-74.851108,40.09491],[-74.854409,40.09311],[-74.856509,40.09131],[-74.858209,40.08881],[-74.859809,40.08491],[-74.860909,40.08371],[-74.863809,40.08221],[-74.880209,40.07881],[-74.88781,40.07581],[-74.909011,40.07021],[-74.911911,40.06991],[-74.920811,40.07111],[-74.925311,40.07071],[-74.932211,40.068411],[-74.944412,40.063211],[-74.974713,40.048711],[-74.983913,40.042711],[-74.989914,40.037311],[-75.007914,40.023111],[-75.011115,40.021311],[-75.015515,40.019511],[-75.039316,40.013012],[-75.047016,40.008912],[-75.051217,40.004512],[-75.059017,39.992512],[-75.072017,39.980612],[-75.088618,39.975212],[-75.093718,39.974412],[-75.108119,39.970312],[-75.11922,39.965412],[-75.12692,39.961112],[-75.13012,39.958712],[-75.13352,39.954412],[-75.13572,39.947112],[-75.13612,39.933912],[-75.13502,39.927312],[-75.13282,39.921612],[-75.13012,39.917013],[-75.12792,39.911813],[-75.13082,39.900213],[-75.13342,39.896213],[-75.140221,39.888213],[-75.145421,39.884213],[-75.150721,39.882713],[-75.183023,39.882013],[-75.189323,39.880713],[-75.195324,39.877013],[-75.210425,39.865913],[-75.221025,39.861113],[-75.235026,39.856613],[-75.243431,39.854597],[-75.271159,39.84944],[-75.293376,39.848782],[-75.309674,39.850179],[-75.323232,39.849812],[-75.330433,39.849012],[-75.341765,39.846082],[-75.3544,39.839917],[-75.371835,39.827612],[-75.390536,39.815312],[-75.403737,39.807512],[-75.415041,39.801786],[-75.428038,39.809212],[-75.45374,39.820312],[-75.463341,39.823812],[-75.481242,39.829112],[-75.498843,39.833312],[-75.518444,39.836311],[-75.539346,39.838211],[-75.570464,39.839007],[-75.579849,39.838526],[-75.593666,39.837455],[-75.617251,39.833999],[-75.634706,39.830164],[-75.641518,39.828363],[-75.662822,39.82115],[-75.685991,39.811054],[-75.701208,39.802606],[-75.716969,39.791998],[-75.727049,39.784126],[-75.736489,39.775759],[-75.744394,39.767855],[-75.753066,39.757631],[-75.760346,39.747231],[-75.766058,39.737811],[-75.773558,39.722411],[-75.788359,39.721811],[-75.998649,39.721576],[-76.013067,39.72192],[-76.233259,39.721305],[-76.715594,39.721103],[-76.8901,39.720401],[-76.936601,39.720701],[-76.990903,39.7198],[-77.058204,39.7202],[-77.534758,39.720134],[-77.724115,39.720894],[-77.874719,39.722219],[-78.330715,39.722689],[-78.337111,39.722461],[-78.438839,39.722481],[-78.461422,39.722869],[-78.537702,39.72249],[-78.546415,39.722869],[-78.575893,39.722561],[-78.723529,39.723043],[-79.045548,39.722883],[-79.548465,39.720778],[-79.610623,39.721245],[-79.763774,39.720776],[-79.916171,39.720893]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Pennsylvania\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4405e4b0c8380cd667ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slonecker, E.T.","contributorId":41132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slonecker","given":"E.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milheim, L.E.","contributorId":106320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milheim","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roig-Silva, C.M.","contributorId":45176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roig-Silva","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Malizia, A.R.","contributorId":98991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malizia","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marr, D.A.","contributorId":32772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marr","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fisher, G.B.","contributorId":70238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037884,"text":"70037884 - 2012 - Book review: Earthquakes and water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-11T12:16:13","indexId":"70037884","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1765,"text":"Geofluids","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book review: Earthquakes and water","docAbstract":"<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p><span>It is really nice to see assembled in one place a discussion of the documented and hypothesized hydrologic effects of earthquakes. The book is divided into chapters focusing on particular hydrologic phenomena including liquefaction, mud volcanism, stream discharge increases, groundwater level, temperature and chemical changes, and geyser period changes. These hydrologic effects are inherently fascinating, and the large number of relevant publications in the past decade makes this summary a useful milepost. The book also covers hydrologic precursors and earthquake triggering by pore pressure. A natural need to limit the topics covered resulted in the omission of tsunamis and the vast literature on the role of fluids and pore pressure in frictional strength of faults. Regardless of whether research on earthquake-triggered hydrologic effects ultimately provides insight into the physics of earthquakes, the text provides welcome common ground for interdisciplinary collaborations between hydrologists and seismologists. Such collaborations continue to be crucial for investigating hypotheses about the role of fluids in earthquakes and slow slip.&nbsp;</span></p>\n<p><span>Review info:&nbsp;</span><i>Earthquakes and Water.</i>&nbsp;By Wang, C.-Y. and Manga, M., 2010. ISBN: <span>9783642008092,&nbsp;</span>218 pp.&nbsp;</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geofluids","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-8123.2012.00366.x","usgsCitation":"Bekins, B.A., 2012, Book review: Earthquakes and water: Geofluids, v. 12, no. 3, p. 261-263, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-8123.2012.00366.x.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"263","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487302,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-8123.2012.00366.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":260230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":260214,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-8123.2012.00366.x","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f200e4b0c8380cd4af5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bekins, Barbara A. 0000-0002-1411-6018 babekins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-6018","contributorId":1348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"Barbara","email":"babekins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039809,"text":"ofr20121102 - 2012 - Groundwater, surface-water, and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona - 2010-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-06T01:02:24","indexId":"ofr20121102","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1102","title":"Groundwater, surface-water, and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona - 2010-2011","docAbstract":"The Navajo (N) aquifer is an extensive aquifer and the primary source of groundwater in the 5,400-square-mile Black Mesa area in northeastern Arizona. Availability of water is an important issue in northeastern Arizona because of continued water requirements for industrial and municipal use by a growing population and because of low precipitation in the arid climate of the Black Mesa area. Precipitation in the area is typically between 6 to 14 inches per year. The U.S. Geological Survey water-monitoring program in the Black Mesa area began in 1971 and provides information about the long-term effects of groundwater withdrawals from the N aquifer for industrial and municipal uses. This report presents results of data collected as part of the monitoring program in the Black Mesa area from January 2010 to September 2011. The monitoring program includes measurements of (1) groundwater withdrawals, (2) groundwater levels, (3) spring discharge, (4) surface-water discharge, and (5) groundwater chemistry. In 2010, total groundwater withdrawals were 4,040 acre-ft, industrial withdrawals were 1,170 acre-ft, and municipal withdrawals were 2,870 acre-ft. Total withdrawals during 2010 were about 42 percent less than total withdrawals in 2005 because of Peabody Western Coal Company's discontinued use of water to transport coal in a slurry. From 2009 to 2010 total withdrawals decreased by 5 percent; industrial withdrawals decreased by approximately 16 percent, and total municipal withdrawals increased by 1 percent. From 2010 to 2011, annually measured water levels in the Black Mesa area declined in 7 of 15 wells that were available for comparison in the unconfined areas of the N aquifer, and the median change was 0.0 foot. Water levels declined in 11 of 18 wells measured in the confined area of the aquifer. The median change for the confined area of the aquifer was -0.7 foot. From the prestress period (prior to 1965) to 2011, the median water-level change for 33 wells in both the confined and unconfined areas was -15.0 feet. Also, from the prestress period to 2011, the median water-level changes were -1.2 foot for 15 wells measured in the unconfined areas and -41.2 feet for 18 wells measured in the confined area. Spring flow was measured at three springs in 2011. Flow fluctuated during the period of record, but a decreasing trend was apparent at Moenkopi School Spring and Pasture Canyon Spring. Discharge at Burro Spring has remained relatively constant since it was first measured in the 1980s. Continuous records of surface-water discharge in the Black Mesa area were collected from streamflow-gaging stations at the following sites: Moenkopi Wash at Moenkopi 09401260 (1976 to 2010), Dinnebito Wash near Sand Springs 09401110 (1993 to 2010), Polacca Wash near Second Mesa 09400568 (1994 to 2010), and Pasture Canyon Springs 09401265 (2004 to 2010). Median winter flows (November through February) of each water year were used as an index of the amount of groundwater discharge at the above-named sites. For the period of record of each streamflow-gaging station, the median winter flows have generally remained constant, which suggests no change in groundwater discharge. In 2011, water samples collected from 11 wells and 4 springs in the Black Mesa area were analyzed for selected chemical constituents, and the results were compared with previous analyses. Concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate have varied at all 11 wells for the period of record, but neither increasing nor decreasing trends over time were found. Dissolved-solids, chloride, and sulfate concentrations increased at Moenkopi School Spring during the more than 12 years of record at that site. Concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate at Pasture Canyon Spring have not varied much since the early 1980s, and there is no increasing or decreasing trend in those data. Concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate at Burro Spring and Unnamed Spring near Dennehotso have varied for the period of record, but there is no increasing or decreasing trend in the data.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121102","usgsCitation":"Macy, J.P., Brown, C.R., and Anderson, J., 2012, Groundwater, surface-water, and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona - 2010-2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1102, viii, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121102.","productDescription":"viii, 41 p.","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260175,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1102.gif"},{"id":260165,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1102/of2012-1102.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260163,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1102/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Black Mesa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.5,35.5 ], [ -111.5,37 ], [ -109.5,37 ], [ -109.5,35.5 ], [ -111.5,35.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2dc6e4b0c8380cd5c009","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Macy, Jamie P. 0000-0003-3443-0079 jpmacy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-0079","contributorId":2173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macy","given":"Jamie","email":"jpmacy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Christopher R. crbrown@usgs.gov","contributorId":4751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Christopher","email":"crbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Jessica R.","contributorId":58132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Jessica R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70039768,"text":"ofr20121172 - 2012 - Radioisotopic data of sediment collected in Mobile and Bon Secour Bays, Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-14T13:57:04.415594","indexId":"ofr20121172","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1172","title":"Radioisotopic data of sediment collected in Mobile and Bon Secour Bays, Alabama","docAbstract":"The focus of this study was to determine the extent of natural and (or) anthropogenic impacts on the sedimentary records of Mobile and Bon Secour Bays, Alabama during the last 150 years. These bays are unique in that anthropogenic activities are generally widespread and span both the eastern and western shorelines. However, there is a clear distinction in the types of human development and infrastructure between the western and eastern shorelines. These activities and the differences in land-use and -change influence the overall supply and remobilization of sediment to and within the bay. These factors could subsequently threaten the health and integrity of these environments and their ability to mitigate against long-term processes associated with climate change. In an attempt to characterize long-term accretion rates within the Mobile Bay Estuarine System (MBES), seven box cores were collected and analyzed for excess lead-210 (<sup>210</sup>Pb<sub>xs</sub>, the difference between total and supported <sup>210</sup>Pb) and cesium-137 (<sup>137</sup>Cs) activities. The MBES receives sediment and water from the Alabama and Tombigbee River watersheds, which converge into the Mobile-Tensaw River (MTR) system just prior to discharging into Mobile Bay. Riverine discharge from the MTR system to the bay is second only to the Mississippi River discharge to the Gulf of Mexico for the conterminous United States.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121172","usgsCitation":"Marot, M.E., and Smith, C.G., 2012, Radioisotopic data of sediment collected in Mobile and Bon Secour Bays, Alabama: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1172, iv, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121172.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p.","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260047,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1172.jpg"},{"id":260037,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1172/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":260038,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1172/pdf/2012-1172.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","otherGeospatial":"Bon Secour Bay, Mobile Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.16666666666667,30.166666666666668 ], [ -88.16666666666667,30.666666666666668 ], [ -87.66666666666667,30.666666666666668 ], [ -87.66666666666667,30.166666666666668 ], [ -88.16666666666667,30.166666666666668 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a93fee4b0c8380cd81138","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marot, Marci E. 0000-0003-0504-315X mmarot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0504-315X","contributorId":2078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marot","given":"Marci","email":"mmarot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Christopher G. 0000-0002-8075-4763 cgsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-4763","contributorId":3410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Christopher","email":"cgsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039802,"text":"fs20123082 - 2012 - U.S. Department of the Interior South Central Climate Science Center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-05T01:01:46","indexId":"fs20123082","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3082","title":"U.S. Department of the Interior South Central Climate Science Center","docAbstract":"On September 14, 2009, the Secretary of the Interior signed a Secretarial Order (No. 3289) entitled, \"Addressing the Impacts of Climate Change on America's Water, Land, and Other Natural and Cultural Resources.\" The Order effectively established the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) Climate Science Centers (CSCs) for the purpose of integrating DOI science and management expertise with similar contributions from our partners to provide information to support strategic adaptation and mitigation efforts on public and private lands across the United States and internationally. The South Central Climate Science Center (SC CSC) is supported by a consortium of partners that include The University of Oklahoma, Texas Tech University, Louisiana State University, The Chickasaw Nation, The Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, Oklahoma State University, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory. Additionally, the SC CSC will collaborate with a number of other universities, State and federal agencies, and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) with interests and expertise in climate science. The primary partners of the SC CSC are the Landscape Conservation Cooperatives (LCCs), which include the Desert, Eastern Tallgrass Prairie and Big Rivers, Great Plains, Gulf Coast Prairie, Gulf Coastal Plains and Ozarks, and Southern Rockies. CSC collaborations are focused on common science priorities that address priority partner needs, eliminate redundancies in science, share scientific information and findings, and expand understanding of climate change impacts in the south-central United States and Mexico.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123082","usgsCitation":"Shipp, A.A., 2012, U.S. Department of the Interior South Central Climate Science Center: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3082, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123082.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":560,"text":"South Central Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260138,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3082.jpg"},{"id":260135,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3082/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":260136,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3082/pdf/fs2012-3082.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona;Louisiana;Oklahoma;Texas","otherGeospatial":"Climate Science Center","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.83333333333333,25.833333333333332 ], [ -114.83333333333333,37 ], [ -93.51666666666667,37 ], [ -93.51666666666667,25.833333333333332 ], [ -114.83333333333333,25.833333333333332 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bba40e4b08c986b32807c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shipp, Allison A. 0000-0003-2927-8893 aashipp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2927-8893","contributorId":338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shipp","given":"Allison","email":"aashipp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":49157,"text":"Rocky Mountain Regional Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039803,"text":"ofr20121150 - 2012 - Baseline groundwater quality in national park units within the Marcellus and Utica Shale gas plays, New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-10T11:11:26","indexId":"ofr20121150","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1150","title":"Baseline groundwater quality in national park units within the Marcellus and Utica Shale gas plays, New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia, 2011","docAbstract":"Groundwater samples were collected from 15 production wells and 1 spring at 9 national park units in New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia in July and August 2011 and analyzed to characterize the quality of these water supplies. The sample sites generally were selected to represent areas of potential effects on water quality by drilling and development of gas wells in Marcellus Shale and Utica Shale areas of the northeastern United States. The groundwater samples were analyzed for 53 constituents, including nutrients, major inorganic constituents, trace elements, chemical oxygen demand, radioactivity, and dissolved gases, including methane and radon-222. Results indicated that the groundwater used for water supply at the selected national park units is generally of acceptable quality, although concentrations of some constituents exceeded at least one drinking-water guideline at several wells. Nine analytes were detected in concentrations that exceeded Federal drinking-water standards, mostly secondary standards that define aesthetic properties of water, such as taste and odor. One sample had an arsenic concentration that exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 10 micrograms per liter (&mu;g/L). The pH, which is a measure of acidity (hydrogen ion activity), ranged from 4.8 to 8.4, and in 5 of the 16 samples, the pH values were outside the accepted U.S. Environmental Protection Agency secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL) range of 6.5 to 8.5. The concentration of total dissolved solids exceeded the SMCL of 500 milligrams per liter (mg/L) at four sites. The sulfate concentration exceeded the SMCL of 250 mg/L concentration in one sample, and the fluoride concentration exceeded the SMCL of 2 mg/L in one sample. Sodium concentrations exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking water health advisory of 60 mg/L at four sites. Iron concentrations exceeded the SMCL of 300 &mu;g/L in two samples, and manganese concentrations exceeded the SMCL of 50 &mu;g/L in five samples. Radon-222 concentrations exceeded the proposed U.S. Environmental Protection Agency MCL of 300 picocuries per liter in eight samples.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121150","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Eckhardt, D., and Sloto, R.A., 2012, Baseline groundwater quality in national park units within the Marcellus and Utica Shale gas plays, New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1150, v, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121150.","productDescription":"v, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260137,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1150.gif"},{"id":260131,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1150/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":260132,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1150/pdf/ofr2012-1150_report_508.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 18","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"New York;Pennsylvania;West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Marcellus Shale Extent;Utica Shale Extent","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -86,36 ], [ -86,46 ], [ -74,46 ], [ -74,36 ], [ -86,36 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059efd9e4b0c8380cd4a4a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eckhardt, David A.V.","contributorId":80233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eckhardt","given":"David A.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sloto, Ronald A. rasloto@usgs.gov","contributorId":424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloto","given":"Ronald","email":"rasloto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039807,"text":"sim3226 - 2012 - Flood-inundation maps for Suwanee Creek from the confluence of Ivy Creek to the Noblin Ridge Drive bridge, Gwinnett County, Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-13T09:40:31","indexId":"sim3226","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3226","title":"Flood-inundation maps for Suwanee Creek from the confluence of Ivy Creek to the Noblin Ridge Drive bridge, Gwinnett County, Georgia","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for a 6.9-mile reach of Suwanee Creek, from the confluence of Ivy Creek to the Noblin Ridge Drive bridge, were developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with Gwinnett County, Georgia. The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at <a href=\"http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/\">http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/</a>, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage at Suwanee Creek at Suwanee, Georgia (02334885). Current stage at this USGS streamgage may be obtained at <a href=\"http://waterdata.usgs.gov/\">http://waterdata.usgs.gov/</a> and can be used in conjunction with these maps to estimate near real-time areas of inundation. The National Weather Service (NWS) is incorporating results from this study into the Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) flood-warning system (<a href=\"http://water.weather.gov/ahps/\">http://water.weather.gov/ahps/</a>). The NWS forecasts flood hydrographs at many places that commonly are collocated at USGS streamgages. The forecasted peak-stage information for the USGS streamgage at Suwanee Creek at Suwanee (02334885), available through the AHPS Web site, may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation. A one-dimensional step-backwater model was developed using the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers HEC-RAS software for Suwanee Creek and was used to compute flood profiles for a 6.9-mile reach of the creek. The model was calibrated using the most current stage-discharge relations at the Suwanee Creek at Suwanee streamgage (02334885). The hydraulic model was then used to determine 19 water-surface profiles for flood stages at the Suwanee Creek streamgage at 0.5-foot intervals referenced to the streamgage. The profiles ranged from just above bankfull stage (7.0 feet) to approximately 1.7 feet above the highest recorded water level at the streamgage (16.0 feet). The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system digital elevation model - derived from light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data having a 5.0-foot horizontal resolution - to delineate the area flooded for each 0.5-foot increment of stream stage. The availability of these maps, when combined with real-time stage information from USGS streamgages and forecasted stream stage from the NWS, provides emergency management personnel and residents with critical information during flood-response activities, such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post-flood recovery efforts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3226","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Gwinnett County, Georgia","usgsCitation":"Musser, J.W., 2012, Flood-inundation maps for Suwanee Creek from the confluence of Ivy Creek to the Noblin Ridge Drive bridge, Gwinnett County, Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3226, Report: v, 8 p.; 19 Sheets: 34 x 24 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3226.","productDescription":"Report: v, 8 p.; 19 Sheets: 34 x 24 inches; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3226.jpg"},{"id":260158,"rank":416,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet17_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260143,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet2_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260141,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/pdf/sim3226.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260142,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet1_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260140,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":260144,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet3_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260145,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet4_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260146,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet5_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260147,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet6_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260148,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet7_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260149,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet8_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260150,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet9_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260151,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet10_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260152,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet11_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260153,"rank":411,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet12_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260154,"rank":412,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet13_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260155,"rank":413,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet14_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260156,"rank":414,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet15_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260157,"rank":415,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet16_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260159,"rank":417,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet18_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260160,"rank":418,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3226/sheets/Sheet19_flood_inundation_map_SuwaneeCr.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Gwinnett County","otherGeospatial":"Suwanee Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.11666666666666,34 ], [ -84.11666666666666,34.083333333333336 ], [ -84.03333333333333,34.083333333333336 ], [ -84.03333333333333,34 ], [ -84.11666666666666,34 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1166e4b0c8380cd53fa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Musser, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-3543-0807 jwmusser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3543-0807","contributorId":2266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Musser","given":"Jonathan","email":"jwmusser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039792,"text":"ofr20121162 - 2012 - Dissolved methane in New York groundwater, 1999-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-11T17:16:26","indexId":"ofr20121162","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1162","title":"Dissolved methane in New York groundwater, 1999-2011","docAbstract":"New York State is underlain by numerous bedrock formations of Cambrian to Devonian age that produce natural gas and to a lesser extent oil. The first commercial gas well in the United States was dug in the early 1820s in Fredonia, south of Buffalo, New York, and produced methane from Devonian-age black shale. Methane naturally discharges to the land surface at some locations in New York. At Chestnut Ridge County Park in Erie County, just south of Buffalo, N.Y., several surface seeps of natural gas occur from Devonian black shale, including one behind a waterfall. Methane occurs locally in the groundwater of New York; as a result, it may be present in drinking-water wells, in the water produced from those wells, and in the associated water-supply systems (Eltschlager and others, 2001). The natural gas in low-permeability bedrock formations has not been accessible by traditional extraction techniques, which have been used to tap more permeable sandstone and carbonate bedrock reservoirs. However, newly developed techniques involving horizontal drilling and high-volume hydraulic fracturing have made it possible to extract previously inaccessible natural gas from low-permeability bedrock such as the Marcellus and Utica Shales. The use of hydraulic fracturing to release natural gas from these shale formations has raised concerns with water-well owners and water-resource managers across the Marcellus and Utica Shale region (West Virginia, Pennsylvania, New York and parts of several other adjoining States). Molofsky and others (2011) documented the widespread natural occurrence of methane in drinking-water wells in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania. In the same county, Osborn and others (2011) identified elevated methane concentrations in selected drinking-water wells in the vicinity of Marcellus gas-development activities, although pre-development samples were not available for comparison. In order to manage water resources in areas of gas-well drilling and hydraulic fracturing in New York, the natural occurrence of methane in the State's aquifers needs to be documented. This brief report presents a compilation of data on dissolved methane concentrations in the groundwater of New York available from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water Information System (NWIS) (http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121162","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Kappel, W.M., and Nystrom, E.A., 2012, Dissolved methane in New York groundwater, 1999-2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1162, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121162.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260130,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1162.gif"},{"id":260133,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1162/pdf/ofr2012-1162_508_09072012.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260054,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1162","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.75138888888888,40.48444444444444 ], [ -79.75138888888888,45.00111111111111 ], [ -71.95055555555555,45.00111111111111 ], [ -71.95055555555555,40.48444444444444 ], [ -79.75138888888888,40.48444444444444 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0236e4b0c8380cd4ff4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kappel, William M. 0000-0002-2382-9757 wkappel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2382-9757","contributorId":1074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kappel","given":"William","email":"wkappel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nystrom, Elizabeth A. 0000-0002-0886-3439 nystrom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0886-3439","contributorId":1072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nystrom","given":"Elizabeth","email":"nystrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039874,"text":"ofr20121193 - 2012 - Demographics and run timing of adult Lost River (<i>Deltistes luxatus</i>) and shortnose (<i>Chasmistes brevirostris</i>) suckers in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T13:24:05","indexId":"ofr20121193","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-03T15:56:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1193","title":"Demographics and run timing of adult Lost River (<i>Deltistes luxatus</i>) and shortnose (<i>Chasmistes brevirostris</i>) suckers in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2011","docAbstract":"<h1>Executive Summary</h1>\n<p>Data from a long-term capture-recapture program were used to assess the status and dynamics of populations of two long-lived, federally endangered catostomids in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. Lost River suckers (<i>Deltistes luxatus</i>) and shortnose suckers (<i>Chasmistes brevirostris</i>) have been captured and tagged with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags during their spawning migrations in each year since 1995. In addition, beginning in 2005, individuals that had been previously PIT-tagged were re-encountered on remote underwater antennas deployed throughout sucker spawning areas. Captures and remote encounters during spring 2011 were used to describe the spawning migrations in that year and also were incorporated into capture-recapture analyses of population dynamics.</p>\n<p>Cormack-Jolly-Seber (CJS) open population capture-recapture models were used to estimate annual survival probabilities, and a reverse-time analog of the CJS model was used to estimate recruitment of new individuals into the spawning populations. In addition, data on the size composition of captured fish was examined to provide corroborating evidence of recruitment. Survival and recruitment estimates were used to derive estimates of changes in population size over time and to determine the status of the populations in 2010. Separate analyses were conducted for each species and also for each subpopulation of Lost River suckers (LRS). One subpopulation of LRS migrates into tributaries to spawn, similar to shortnose suckers (SNS), whereas the other subpopulation spawns at upwelling areas along the eastern shoreline of the lake.</p>\n<p>In 2011, we captured, tagged, and released 806 LRS at four lakeshore spawning areas and recaptured an additional 1,006 individuals that had been tagged in previous years. Across all four areas, the remote antennas detected 6,547 individual LRS during the spawning season. Spawning activity peaked in April and most individuals were encountered at Sucker Springs and Cinder Flats. In the Williamson River, we captured, tagged, and released 2,742 LRS and 123 SNS, and recaptured 376 LRS and 58 SNS that had been tagged in previous years. Remote PIT tag antennas in the traps at the weir on the Williamson River and remote antenna systems that spanned the river at four different locations on the Williamson and Sprague Rivers detected a total of 16,494 LRS and 5,450 SNS. Most LRS passed upstream between mid-April and mid-May when water temperatures were rising and near or greater than 10 &deg;C. In contrast, the largest peaks in upstream passage of SNS occurred in early and mid-May when water temperatures were rising and near or greater than 12 &deg;C. Finally, an additional 875 LRS and 1,600 SNS were captured in trammel net sampling at pre-spawn staging areas in the northeastern portion of the lake. Of these, 191of the LRS and 571 of the SNS had been PIT-tagged in previous years. For LRS, encounter histories showed that more than 90 percent of the fish captured at the staging areas were members of the subpopulation that spawns in the tributaries.</p>\n<p>Capture-recapture analyses for the LRS subpopulation that spawns at the shoreline areas included encounter histories for more than 10,500 individuals, and analyses for the subpopulation that spawns in the tributaries included more than 22,000 encounter histories. With a few exceptions, the survival of males and females in both subpopulations was high (greater than 0.9) between 1999 and 2009. Notably lower survival occurred for both sexes from the tributaries in 2000, for both sexes from the shoreline areas in 2002, and for males from the tributaries in 2006. Between 2001 and 2010, the abundance of males in the lakeshore spawning subpopulation decreased by 50&ndash;60 percent and the abundance of females decreased by 29&ndash;44 percent. Capture-recapture models suggested that the abundance of the river spawning subpopulation of LRS has increased substantially since 2006. The increase over this period was largely due to large estimated recruitment events in 2003, 2006, and 2008. We know that the estimate in 2006 is substantially biased in favor of recruitment due to a sampling issue. We are skeptical of the magnitude of recruitment indicated by the 2003 and 2008 estimates as well because very few small individuals that would indicate the presence of new recruits were captured in those years. If we assume that little or no recruitment has occurred, the abundance of both sexes in the river spawning subpopulation decreased by more than 40 percent between 2002 and 2010.</p>\n<p>Capture-recapture analyses for SNS included encounter histories for more than 15,500 individuals. The majority of annual survival estimates between 2001 and 2009 were high (greater than 0.8), but SNS did experience more years of low survival than either LRS subpopulation. The survival of both sexes was particularly low in both 2001 and 2004, and male survival also was somewhat low in 2002 and 2006. Capture-recapture models and size composition data indicated that recruitment of new individuals into the SNS spawning population was trivial in nearly all years between 2001 and 2009. As a result, the abundance of males decreased by 64&ndash;82 percent and the abundance of females decreased by 62&ndash;76 percent between 2001 and 2010.</p>\n<p>Despite relatively high survival in most years, both species have experienced substantial declines in the abundance of spawning fish because losses from mortality have not been balanced by recruitment of new individuals. Although capture-recapture data indicate substantial recruitment of new individuals into the adult spawning populations for SNS and river spawning LRS in some years, size data do not corroborate these estimates. In fact, fork length data indicate that all populations are largely comprised of fish that were present in the late 1990s and early 2000s. As a result, the status of the endangered sucker populations in Upper Klamath Lake remains worrisome, and the situation is most dire for shortnose suckers. Future investigations should explore the connections between sucker recruitment and survival and various environmental factors, such as water quality and disease. Our monitoring program provides a robust platform for estimating vital population parameters, evaluating the status of the populations, and assessing the effectiveness of conservation and recovery efforts.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121193","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Hewitt, D.A., Janney, E.C., Hayes, B., and Harris, A., 2012, Demographics and run timing of adult Lost River (<i>Deltistes luxatus</i>) and shortnose (<i>Chasmistes brevirostris</i>) suckers in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1193, vii, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121193.","productDescription":"vii, 42 p.","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261836,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1193.jpg"},{"id":261832,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1193/pdf/ofr20121193.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.25 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":261831,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1193/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Klamath River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.16666666666667,42.166666666666664 ], [ -122.16666666666667,42.666666666666664 ], [ -121.75,42.666666666666664 ], [ -121.75,42.166666666666664 ], [ -122.16666666666667,42.166666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe86e4b0c8380cd4ed8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hewitt, David A. 0000-0002-5387-0275 dhewitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-0275","contributorId":3767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hewitt","given":"David","email":"dhewitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Janney, Eric C. 0000-0002-0228-2174","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0228-2174","contributorId":83629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janney","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":467115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hayes, Brian S. 0000-0001-8229-4070","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8229-4070","contributorId":37022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Brian S.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":467114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, Alta C. 0000-0002-2123-3028 aharris@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2123-3028","contributorId":3490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Alta C.","email":"aharris@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70040972,"text":"70040972 - 2012 - Design and performance of radio telemetry systems for assessing juvenile fish passage at three hydroelectric dams","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70040972,"text":"70040972 - 2012 - Design and performance of radio telemetry systems for assessing juvenile fish passage at three hydroelectric dams","indexId":"70040972","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"chapter":"6.5","title":"Design and performance of radio telemetry systems for assessing juvenile fish passage at three hydroelectric dams"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70198150,"text":"70198150 - 2012 - Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research","indexId":"70198150","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70198150,"text":"70198150 - 2012 - Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research","indexId":"70198150","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-20T17:40:21.604896","indexId":"70040972","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-01T06:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"6.5","title":"Design and performance of radio telemetry systems for assessing juvenile fish passage at three hydroelectric dams","docAbstract":"<p>Studies of the effects of hydroelectric dams on fish populations are common (Williams 2008). Dams block passage of migratory and resident fish, alter habitats from free-flowing to lacustrine, and can alter water temperatures both upstream and downstream. At some dams, structures or operations are modified to reduce their effects on fish populations. In these cases, it is recommended that a series of studies be conducted before and after the alterations to help assess the effectiveness of the actions. We will describe three studies at hydroelectric dams on the Columbia and Snake rivers in the Pacific Northwest of the United States prompted by a need to reduce their effects on fishes, primarily salmonids, listed under the Endangered Species Act (ESA 1973).</p><p>Hydroelectric development on the Columbia and Snake rivers occurred chiefly between the early 1930s and the late 1970s. Fish originating in the upper portions of the Columbia and Snake rivers must pass as many as eight dams on these rivers during their seaward migration and again on their trip back to their natal waters. Small changes in passage survival at each dam can be important, due to the multiplicative effects of the series of dams. For example, if downstream passage survival at each of eight dams and reservoirs was 90% and it was increased by only 3% per dam, the numbers of fish surviving through the entire hydro system would increase from 43% to 56%. Thus, precisely measuring small changes in passage survival are important to the overall program. This has been achieved by designing efficient telemetry systems and releasing large numbers of tagged fish.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.47886/9781934874264.ch12","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J.W., Hockersmith, E., and Stevenson, J.R., 2012, Design and performance of radio telemetry systems for assessing juvenile fish passage at three hydroelectric dams, chap. 6.5 <i>of</i> Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research, p. 281-304, https://doi.org/10.47886/9781934874264.ch12.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"304","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-026883","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319633,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56fcfac3e4b0a6037df2bbae","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Adams, Noah S. 0000-0002-8354-0293 nadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8354-0293","contributorId":3521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Noah","email":"nadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625638,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625639,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eiler, John H.","contributorId":146952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eiler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625640,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hockersmith, Eric","contributorId":56781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hockersmith","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":515018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stevenson, John R.","contributorId":147936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stevenson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":515019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70040976,"text":"70040976 - 2012 - Optimization of radio telemetry receiving systems","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70040976,"text":"70040976 - 2012 - Optimization of radio telemetry receiving systems","indexId":"70040976","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"chapter":"5.2","title":"Optimization of radio telemetry receiving systems"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70198150,"text":"70198150 - 2012 - Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research","indexId":"70198150","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70198150,"text":"70198150 - 2012 - Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research","indexId":"70198150","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-20T17:41:46.354559","indexId":"70040976","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-01T05:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"5.2","title":"Optimization of radio telemetry receiving systems","docAbstract":"<p>The performance of radio telemetry receiving systems can be affected by numerous factors, thus it is important for researchers to understand these factors when designing a radio telemetry study. One approach that has been used to describe these factors is the radio system equation which defines six variables that affect radio receiving systems (Sisak and Lotimer 1998; Section 5.1). This equation is:</p><p>P<sub>r<span>&nbsp;</span></sub>= P<sub>t<span>&nbsp;</span></sub>– L<sub>w<span>&nbsp;</span></sub>– L<sub>awi<span>&nbsp;</span></sub>–L<sub>air<span>&nbsp;</span></sub>+ G<sub>r<span>&nbsp;</span></sub>– L<sub>rtl</sub></p><p>where P<sub>r</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>is the received power level, P<sub>t</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>is the transmitted power level, L<sub>w</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>is the signal loss in water, L<sub>awi</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>is the loss at the air-water interface, L<sub>air</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>is the loss in air, G<sub>r</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>is the gain of the receive antenna, and L<sub>rtl</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>is the loss of the receive transmission line (Figure 1). Three of these variables (L<sub>w</sub>, L<sub>air</sub>, and L<sub>awi</sub>) are affected by factors that researchers have little control over (i.e., distance traveled by a given radio signal, water conductivity and temperature, angle of refraction of the signal as it exits the water). However, P<sub>t</sub>, G<sub>r</sub>, and L<sub>rtl</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>can be influenced by the user and planning for the effects of each is an essential first step towards designing a radio receiving system that operates at the highest level possible. The first of these factors P<sub>t</sub>, is addressed while choosing which transmitter to purchase, a topic which was covered in a previous Section. Much of the information that we present will focus on maximizing the strength of the signal that is received by the radio receiver which is affected by G<sub>r</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and L<sub>rtl</sub>. Additionally, we will cover techniques to minimize the effects of ambient (or background) noise which is also an important aspect of radio receiving systems. Ambient noise is important because low signal-to-noise ratios will result in signals that cannot be detected by the receiving system. In other words, tagged fish within range of the receiving system are not detected because ambient noise levels exceed the received signal at the receiver.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.47886/9781934874264.ch6","usgsCitation":"Evans, S.D., and Stevenson, J.R., 2012, Optimization of radio telemetry receiving systems, chap. 5.2 <i>of</i> Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research, https://doi.org/10.47886/9781934874264.ch6.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-030331","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319607,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56fd0154e4b0a6037df2c8a8","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Adams, Noah S. 0000-0002-8354-0293 nadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8354-0293","contributorId":3521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Noah","email":"nadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625596,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625597,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eiler, John H.","contributorId":146952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eiler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625598,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Scott D. 0000-0003-0452-7726 sdevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-7726","contributorId":4408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Scott","email":"sdevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stevenson, John R.","contributorId":147936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stevenson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":515026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70043666,"text":"70043666 - 2012 - Atlas of nonindigenous marine and estuarine species in the North Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T14:51:29","indexId":"70043666","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-01T03:45:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Atlas of nonindigenous marine and estuarine species in the North Pacific","docAbstract":"<h1>Executive Summary</h1>\n<p>Marine and estuarine nonindigenous species (NIS) are found across the world&rsquo;s oceans, and designing effective management strategies to mitigate this economic, ecological and human health threat requires a basic understanding of the existing invasion patterns at regional to global scales. However, to date, syntheses at ocean basin scales have essentially been nonexistent. To fill the gap for the North Pacific, we synthesized the distributions, invasion history, environmental tolerances, and natural history of the near-coastal nonindigenous species (NIS) reported from the member countries of the North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES; United States, Canada, China, Republic of Korea, Japan, and Russia). The hierarchical &ldquo;Marine Ecoregions of the World&rdquo; (MEOW) biogeographic schema was used as the framework for assessing species&rsquo; distributions, with the modification that we added a &ldquo;region&rdquo; level to differentiate eastern and western sides of oceans. The two North Pacific regions are the Northeast Pacific (NEP), which extends from the Gulf of California to the Aleutian Islands, and the Northwest Pacific (NWP), which extends from the East China Sea to the Kamchatka Shelf. To have complete coverage of the United States, we included the MEOW Hawaii Ecoregion as a separate reporting unit. To have complete coverage of Japan and China, we combined five MEOW ecoregions in southern China and Japan into the North Central-Indo Pacific (NCIP) Region. The various types of information were synthesized in a Microsoft Access database, the &ldquo;PICES Nonindigenous Species Information System&rdquo;, which is further described in the &ldquo;User&rsquo;s Guide and Metadata for the PICES Nonindigenous Species Information System&rdquo; (Lee et al., 2012). The PICES database was then used to generate two-page &ldquo;species profiles&rdquo; that map the native and introduced distributions of each species and provide a standardized summary of its invasion history, environmental tolerances, and natural history. These species profiles form the bulk of the &ldquo;Atlas of Nonindigenous Marine and Estuarine Species in the North Pacific&rdquo;.</p>\n<p>A total of 747 near-coastal nonindigenous species were identified in the PICES countries, with four phyla (Arthropoda, Chordata, Mollusca, and Annelida) constituting more than 70% of these invaders. The NEP and Hawaii have similar numbers of reported nonindigenous species, 368 and 347, respectively. In comparison, the NWP has about 60% of the number of reported NIS, 208. The NCIP contains only 73 NIS, though there is limited information for these ecoregions. When evaluated at an individual MEOW ecoregion scale, the Hawaii Ecoregion was the most invaded with 347 invaders, followed by the Northern California Ecoregion, which includes the San Francisco Estuary, with 287 NIS. The most invaded ecoregion in the NWP was the Central Kuroshio Current Ecoregion, which includes Tokyo Bay, with 87 reported NIS. Eight potential reasons for this geographical discrepancy in the extent of invasion were considered. The two most important appear to be: 1) the milder temperature regimes in the NEP and Hawaii are more conducive for NWP species to invade the NEP and Hawaii than the reverse and 2) there has been a greater search effort for NIS in Hawaii and the NEP at least for certain taxonomic groups.</p>\n<p>In terms of how the NIS were transported, hull fouling was potentially the most important vector in the NEP, NWP, and Hawaii, with ballast water discharges the second most important in all three regions. Intentional stocking and aquaculture escapees were relatively more important in the NWP than the NEP or Hawaii, reflecting the extensive aquaculture in Asia. Aquaculture associated species (i.e., aquaculture hitchhikers) was relatively important in the NEP, reflecting the historical influx of invaders with the importation of Atlantic and Pacific oysters.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Lee, and Reusser, D.A., 2012, Atlas of nonindigenous marine and estuarine species in the North Pacific, xxv,1915.","productDescription":"xxv,1915","numberOfPages":"1943","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-040943","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320909,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":320903,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyNET.exe/P100FXIS.txt?ZyActionD=ZyDocument&Client=EPA&Index=2011%20Thru%202015&Docs=&Query=Atlas%20nonindigenous%20marine%20estuarine%20species%20North%20Pacific%20&Time=&EndTime=&SearchMethod=2&TocRestrict=n&Toc=&TocEntry=&QField=&QFieldYear=&QFieldMonth=&QFieldDay=&UseQField=&IntQFieldOp=0&ExtQFieldOp=0&XmlQuery=&File=D%3A%5CZYFILES%5CINDEX%20DATA%5C11THRU15%5CTXT%5C00000006%5CP100FXIS.txt&User=ANONYMOUS&Password=anonymous&SortMethod=-%7Ch&MaximumDocuments=15&FuzzyDegree=0&ImageQuality=r85g16/r85g16/x150y150g16/i500&Display=hpfr&DefSeekPage=x&SearchBack=ZyActionL&Back=ZyActionS&BackDesc=Results%20page&MaximumPages=1&ZyEntry=1&SeekPage=x"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5729cbade4b0b13d3919a2e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Henry II","contributorId":115628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","suffix":"Henry II","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":516730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reusser, Deborah A. dreusser@usgs.gov","contributorId":2423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reusser","given":"Deborah","email":"dreusser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":628559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70040973,"text":"70040973 - 2012 - A history of telemetry in fishery research","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70040973,"text":"70040973 - 2012 - A history of telemetry in fishery research","indexId":"70040973","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"chapter":"2","title":"A history of telemetry in fishery research"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70198150,"text":"70198150 - 2012 - Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research","indexId":"70198150","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70198150,"text":"70198150 - 2012 - Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research","indexId":"70198150","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-20T17:41:08.073877","indexId":"70040973","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-01T02:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"2","title":"A history of telemetry in fishery research","docAbstract":"<p>Biotelemetry has been defined as “the instrumental technique for gaining and transmitting information from a living organism and its environment to a remote observer” (Slater 1965). Biotelemetry typically utilizes wireless transmission of either an audible signal or electronic data to determine location of a tagged animal. Fisheries researchers use location information to gain a variety of insights into migration, habitat use, behavior, productivity, or survival of fish. Biotelemetry can be divided into two basic categories, acoustic or radio, based on mode of transmission, mechanical or electromagnetic energy, and operating frequency. Most acoustic systems in use today transmit at low frequency, between 30 and 300 kHz, while most radio systems transmit at very high frequency, between 30 and 300 MHz (Sisak and Lotimer 1998).</p><p>Acoustic telemetry is based on the principals of sonar (sound navigation and ranging), which was developed to detect submarines during World War I. The properties of acoustic systems favor their use in deep waters with high conductivity and low turbulence (Winter 1996). Radio telemetry is based on the principals of wireless radio communication, which were first demonstrated by Nikola Tesla in 1893. Radio systems are best suited in shallow waters with relatively low conductivity but have the added benefit of improved signal detection in turbulent conditions and with aerial antennas. Advances in both technologies have resulted in highly efficient transmitter and receiving systems.</p><p>Advancements in products used for animal telemetry over the past 50 years have generally followed those in the electronics field (Figure 1). Bell Laboratories1 ushered in the age of digital electronics with the invention of the transistor in 1947 (Mann 2000). Today transistors are common in everyday items such as radios, televisions, hearing aids, computers, cell phones and even MP3 players. Consumer demand for inexpensive small electronic devices with increased functionality has continually driven advancements in the field of electronics. These advancements have subsequently led to improvements in biotelemetry transmitters and receivers such as miniaturization of components, increased battery performance, and more powerful micro-processing.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.47886/9781934874264.ch2","usgsCitation":"Hockersmith, E., and Beeman, J.W., 2012, A history of telemetry in fishery research, chap. 2 <i>of</i> Telemetry techniques: A user guide for fisheries research, p. 7-19, https://doi.org/10.47886/9781934874264.ch2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"7","endPage":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-026746","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313833,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568cf73ae4b0e7a44bc0f123","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Adams, Noah S. 0000-0002-8354-0293 nadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8354-0293","contributorId":3521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Noah","email":"nadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625599,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625600,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eiler, John H.","contributorId":146952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eiler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625601,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Hockersmith, Eric","contributorId":56781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hockersmith","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":515021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":587636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042984,"text":"70042984 - 2012 - Calcite growth-rate inhibition by fulvic acid and magnesium ion—Possible influence on biogenic calcite formation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-14T14:13:28","indexId":"70042984","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2236,"text":"Journal of Crystal Growth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calcite growth-rate inhibition by fulvic acid and magnesium ion—Possible influence on biogenic calcite formation","docAbstract":"Increases in ocean surface water dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations retard biocalcification by reducing calcite supersaturation (Ωc). Reduced calcification rates may influence growth-rate dependent magnesium ion (Mg) incorporation into biogenic calcite modifying the use of calcifying organisms as paleoclimate proxies. Fulvic acid (FA) at biocalcification sites may further reduce calcification rates. Calcite growth-rate inhibition by FA and Mg, two common constituents of seawater and soil water involved in the formation of biogenic calcite, was measured separately and in combination under identical, highly reproducible experimental conditions. Calcite growth rates (pH=8.5 and Ωc=4.5) are reduced by FA (0.5 mg/L) to 47% and by Mg (10−4 M) to 38%, compared to control experiments containing no added growth-rate inhibitor. Humic acid (HA) is twice as effective a calcite growth-rate inhibitor as FA. Calcite growth rate in the presence of both FA (0.5 mg/L) and Mg (10−4 M) is reduced to 5% of the control rate. Mg inhibits calcite growth rates by substitution for calcium ion at the growth site. In contrast, FA inhibits calcite growth rates by binding multiple carboxylate groups on the calcite surface. FA and Mg together have an increased affinity for the calcite growth sites reducing calcite growth rates.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Crystal Growth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.12.069","usgsCitation":"Reddy, M.M., 2012, Calcite growth-rate inhibition by fulvic acid and magnesium ion—Possible influence on biogenic calcite formation: Journal of Crystal Growth, v. 352, no. 1, p. 151-154, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.12.069.","startPage":"151","endPage":"154","ipdsId":"IP-031613","costCenters":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267413,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267412,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.12.069"}],"country":"United States","volume":"352","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"511e1579e4b071e86a19a42a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reddy, Michael M. mmreddy@usgs.gov","contributorId":684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reddy","given":"Michael","email":"mmreddy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":145,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039290,"text":"70039290 - 2012 - 2010 Monitoring and Tracking Wet Nitrogen Deposition at Rocky Mountain National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-19T13:57:13","indexId":"70039290","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":271,"text":"National Park Service Natural Resource Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/NRSS/ARD/NRR-2012/562","title":"2010 Monitoring and Tracking Wet Nitrogen Deposition at Rocky Mountain National Park","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Morris, K., Mast, M.A., Clow, D.W., Wetherbee, G.A., Baron, J., Taipale, C., Gay, D., and Richer, E., 2012, 2010 Monitoring and Tracking Wet Nitrogen Deposition at Rocky Mountain National Park: National Park Service Natural Resource Report NPS/NRSS/ARD/NRR-2012/562, vi, 24 p.","productDescription":"vi, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-038744","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268192,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268191,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.nature.nps.gov/air/pubs/pdf/rmnp-trends/rmnp-trends_2010.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"512b4484e4b0523e997a80b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morris, Kristi H.","contributorId":84230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"Kristi H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mast, M. Alisa 0000-0001-6253-8162 mamast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6253-8162","contributorId":827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"M.","email":"mamast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alisa","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clow, David W. 0000-0001-6183-4824 dwclow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-4824","contributorId":1671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"David","email":"dwclow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wetherbee, Gregory A. 0000-0002-6720-2294 wetherbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6720-2294","contributorId":1044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetherbee","given":"Gregory","email":"wetherbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":143,"text":"Branch of Quality Systems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baron, Jill S. 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill S.","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Taipale, Curt","contributorId":86237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taipale","given":"Curt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gay, David","contributorId":43245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gay","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Richer, Eric","contributorId":36026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richer","given":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70043930,"text":"70043930 - 2012 - Developing a broader scientific foundation for river restoration: Columbia River food webs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-26T17:13:32","indexId":"70043930","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing a broader scientific foundation for river restoration: Columbia River food webs","docAbstract":"Well-functioning food webs are fundamental for sustaining rivers as ecosystems and maintaining associated aquatic and terrestrial communities. The current emphasis on restoring habitat structure—without explicitly considering food webs—has been less successful than hoped in terms of enhancing the status of targeted species and often overlooks important constraints on ecologically effective restoration. We identify three priority food web-related issues that potentially impede successful river restoration: uncertainty about habitat carrying capacity, proliferation of chemicals and contaminants, and emergence of hybrid food webs containing a mixture of native and invasive species. Additionally, there is the need to place these food web considerations in a broad temporal and spatial framework by understanding the consequences of altered nutrient, organic matter (energy), water, and thermal sources and flows, reconnecting critical habitats and their food webs, and restoring for changing environments. As an illustration, we discuss how the Columbia River Basin, site of one of the largest aquatic/riparian restoration programs in the United States, would benefit from implementing a food web perspective. A food web perspective for the Columbia River would complement ongoing approaches and enhance the ability to meet the vision and legal obligations of the US Endangered Species Act, the Northwest Power Act (Fish and Wildlife Program), and federal treaties with Northwest Indian Tribes while meeting fundamental needs for improved river management.","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1213408109","usgsCitation":"Naiman, R.J., Alldredge, R., Beauchamp, D.A., Bisson, P.A., Congleton, J., Henny, C.J., Huntly, N., Lamberson, R., Levings, C., Merrill, E.N., Pearcy, W.G., Rieman, B.E., Ruggerone, G.T., Scarnecchia, D., Smouse, P.E., and Wood, C., 2012, Developing a broader scientific foundation for river restoration: Columbia River food webs: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 109, no. 52, p. 21201-21207, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1213408109.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"21201","endPage":"21207","ipdsId":"IP-037975","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1213408109","text":"External Repository"},{"id":268014,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268013,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1213408109"}],"volume":"109","issue":"52","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5129f31be4b04edf7e93f888","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naiman, Robert J.","contributorId":51147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naiman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alldredge, Richard","contributorId":97792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alldredge","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beauchamp, David A. 0000-0002-3592-8381 fadave@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3592-8381","contributorId":4205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"David","email":"fadave@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bisson, Peter A.","contributorId":96143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bisson","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Congleton, James","contributorId":100239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Congleton","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Henny, Charles J. 0000-0001-7474-350X hennyc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7474-350X","contributorId":3461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"hennyc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Huntly, Nancy","contributorId":108359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntly","given":"Nancy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lamberson, Roland","contributorId":32027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamberson","given":"Roland","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Levings, Colin","contributorId":69409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levings","given":"Colin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Merrill, Erik N.","contributorId":35615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merrill","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Pearcy, William G.","contributorId":45602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearcy","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Rieman, Bruce E.","contributorId":107420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rieman","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Ruggerone, Gregory T.","contributorId":48068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruggerone","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Scarnecchia, Dennis","contributorId":55260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scarnecchia","given":"Dennis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Smouse, Peter E.","contributorId":61312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smouse","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Wood, Chris C.","contributorId":19023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Chris C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}}
,{"id":70044023,"text":"70044023 - 2012 - Tidal and groundwater fluxes to a shallow, microtidal estuary: Constraining inputs through field observations and hydrodynamic modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-30T14:08:52","indexId":"70044023","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tidal and groundwater fluxes to a shallow, microtidal estuary: Constraining inputs through field observations and hydrodynamic modeling","docAbstract":"Increased nutrient loading to estuaries has led to eutrophication, degraded water quality, and ecological transformations. Quantifying nutrient loads in systems with significant groundwater input can be difficult due to the challenge of measuring groundwater fluxes. We quantified tidal and freshwater fluxes over an 8-week period at the entrance of West Falmouth Harbor, Massachusetts, a eutrophic, groundwater-fed estuary. Fluxes were estimated from velocity and salinity measurements and a total exchange flow (TEF) methodology. Intermittent cross-sectional measurements of velocity and salinity were used to convert point measurements to cross-sectionally averaged values over the entire deployment (index relationships). The estimated mean freshwater flux (0.19 m<sup>3</sup>/s) for the 8-week period was mainly due to groundwater input (0.21 m<sup>3</sup>/s) with contributions from precipitation to the estuary surface (0.026 m<sup>3</sup>/s) and removal by evaporation (0.048 m<sup>3</sup>/s). Spring–neap variations in freshwater export that appeared in shorter-term averages were mostly artifacts of the index relationships. Hydrodynamic modeling with steady groundwater input demonstrated that while the TEF methodology resolves the freshwater flux signal, calibration of the index–salinity relationships during spring tide conditions only was responsible for most of the spring–neap signal. The mean freshwater flux over the entire period estimated from the combination of the index-velocity, index–salinity, and TEF calculations were consistent with the model, suggesting that this methodology is a reliable way of estimating freshwater fluxes in the estuary over timescales greater than the spring–neap cycle. Combining this type of field campaign with hydrodynamic modeling provides guidance for estimating both magnitude of groundwater input and estuarine storage of freshwater and sets the stage for robust estimation of the nutrient load in groundwater.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuaries and Coasts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-012-9515-x","usgsCitation":"Ganju, N., Hayn, M., Chen, S., Howarth, R.W., Dickhudt, P., Aretxabaleta, A., and Marino, R., 2012, Tidal and groundwater fluxes to a shallow, microtidal estuary: Constraining inputs through field observations and hydrodynamic modeling: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 35, no. 5, p. 1285-1298, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-012-9515-x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1285","endPage":"1298","ipdsId":"IP-036919","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/5383","text":"External Repository"},{"id":273025,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273024,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-012-9515-x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"West Falmouth Harbor","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -70.66,41.593 ], [ -70.66,41.613 ], [ -70.63,41.613 ], [ -70.63,41.593 ], [ -70.66,41.593 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"35","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a874ebe4b082d85d5ed8ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":93543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayn, Melanie","contributorId":57754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayn","given":"Melanie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13003,"text":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":474648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chen, Shih-Nan","contributorId":7166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Shih-Nan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Howarth, Robert W.","contributorId":32066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howarth","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13003,"text":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":474645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dickhudt, Patrick J.","contributorId":48302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickhudt","given":"Patrick J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Aretxabaleta, Alfredo L.","contributorId":41311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aretxabaleta","given":"Alfredo L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Marino, Roxanne","contributorId":105627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marino","given":"Roxanne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70187337,"text":"70187337 - 2012 - The Adaptation for Conservation Targets (ACT) Framework: A tool for incorporating climate change into natural resource management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-01T14:33:09","indexId":"70187337","displayToPublicDate":"2012-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Adaptation for Conservation Targets (ACT) Framework: A tool for incorporating climate change into natural resource management","docAbstract":"<p><span>As natural resource management agencies and conservation organizations seek guidance on responding to climate change, myriad potential actions and strategies have been proposed for increasing the long-term viability of some attributes of natural systems. Managers need practical tools for selecting among these actions and strategies to develop a tailored management approach for specific targets at a given location. We developed and present one such tool, the participatory Adaptation for Conservation Targets (ACT) framework, which considers the effects of climate change in the development of management actions for particular species, ecosystems and ecological functions. Our framework is based on the premise that effective adaptation of management to climate change can rely on local knowledge of an ecosystem and does not necessarily require detailed projections of climate change or its effects. We illustrate the ACT framework by applying it to an ecological function in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (Montana, Wyoming, and Idaho, USA)—water flows in the upper Yellowstone River. We suggest that the ACT framework is a practical tool for initiating adaptation planning, and for generating and communicating specific management interventions given an increasingly altered, yet uncertain, climate.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-012-9893-7","usgsCitation":"Cross, M.S., Zavaleta, E.S., Bachelet, D., Brooks, M.L., Enquist, C.A., Fleishman, E., Graumlich, L.J., Groves, C.R., Hannah, L., Hansen, L.J., Hayward, G., Koopman, M., Lawler, J.J., Malcolm, J., Nordgren, J.R., Petersen, B., Rowland, E., Scott, D., Shafer, S.L., Shaw, M.R., and Tabor, G., 2012, The Adaptation for Conservation Targets (ACT) Framework: A tool for incorporating climate change into natural resource management: Environmental Management, v. 50, no. 3, p. 341-351, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9893-7.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"341","endPage":"351","ipdsId":"IP-038163","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474370,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9893-7","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340693,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59084936e4b0fc4e448ffd9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cross, Molly S. 0000-0002-4238-9208","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4238-9208","contributorId":149216,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cross","given":"Molly","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17674,"text":"Wildlife Conservation Society, Bozeman, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zavaleta, Erika S.","contributorId":43233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zavaleta","given":"Erika","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bachelet, Dominique","contributorId":120945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bachelet","given":"Dominique","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brooks, Marjorie L.","contributorId":30108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Marjorie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Enquist, Carolyn A.F.","contributorId":169804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Enquist","given":"Carolyn","email":"","middleInitial":"A.F.","affiliations":[{"id":25599,"text":"USA-NPN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fleishman, Erica","contributorId":11863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleishman","given":"Erica","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Graumlich, Lisa J.","contributorId":64375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graumlich","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Groves, Craig R.","contributorId":39228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groves","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hannah, Lee","contributorId":147796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hannah","given":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":16938,"text":"Conservation International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hansen, Lara J.","contributorId":149227,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"Lara","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hayward, Gregory D.","contributorId":112302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayward","given":"Gregory D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Koopman, Marni","contributorId":131054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koopman","given":"Marni","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7216,"text":"Geos Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Lawler, Joshua J.","contributorId":73327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawler","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Malcolm, Jay","contributorId":191671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malcolm","given":"Jay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Nordgren, John R.","contributorId":84220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordgren","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Petersen, Brian","contributorId":191672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petersen","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Rowland, Erika","contributorId":146177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rowland","given":"Erika","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Scott, Daniel 0000-0001-6589-7603","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6589-7603","contributorId":191673,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Shafer, Sarah L. 0000-0003-3739-2637 sshafer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3739-2637","contributorId":1684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafer","given":"Sarah","email":"sshafer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Shaw, M. Rebecca","contributorId":175305,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaw","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Rebecca","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Tabor, Gary","contributorId":146887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tabor","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21}]}}
,{"id":70005018,"text":"70005018 - 2012 - Comparison of three methods for long-term monitoring of boreal lake area using Landsat TM and ETM+ imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-04T13:19:56.447766","indexId":"70005018","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1175,"text":"Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of three methods for long-term monitoring of boreal lake area using Landsat TM and ETM+ imagery","docAbstract":"Programs to monitor lake area change are becoming increasingly important in high latitude regions, and their development often requires evaluating tradeoffs among different approaches in terms of accuracy of measurement, consistency across multiple users over long time periods, and efficiency. We compared three supervised methods for lake classification from Landsat imagery (density slicing, classification trees, and feature extraction). The accuracy of lake area and number estimates was evaluated relative to high-resolution aerial photography acquired within two days of satellite overpasses. The shortwave infrared band 5 was better at separating surface water from nonwater when used alone than when combined with other spectral bands. The simplest of the three methods, density slicing, performed best overall. The classification tree method resulted in the most omission errors (approx. 2x), feature extraction resulted in the most commission errors (approx. 4x), and density slicing had the least directional bias (approx. half of the lakes with overestimated area and half of the lakes with underestimated area). Feature extraction was the least consistent across training sets (i.e., large standard error among different training sets). Density slicing was the best of the three at classifying small lakes as evidenced by its lower optimal minimum lake size criterion of 5850 m<sup>2</sup> compared with the other methods (8550 m<sup>2</sup>). Contrary to conventional wisdom, the use of additional spectral bands and a more sophisticated method not only required additional processing effort but also had a cost in terms of the accuracy and consistency of lake classifications.","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Aeronautics and Space Institute","publisherLocation":"Kanata, Ontario","doi":"10.5589/m12-035","usgsCitation":"Roach, J., Griffith, B., and Verbyla, D., 2012, Comparison of three methods for long-term monitoring of boreal lake area using Landsat TM and ETM+ imagery: Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 38, no. 4, p. 427-440, https://doi.org/10.5589/m12-035.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"427","endPage":"440","ipdsId":"IP-031187","costCenters":[{"id":108,"text":"Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260115,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":378113,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.5589/m12-035","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"38","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f8b2e4b0c8380cd4d232","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roach, Jennifer K.","contributorId":30861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roach","given":"Jennifer K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffith, Brad 0000-0001-8698-6859","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8698-6859","contributorId":82571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffith","given":"Brad","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":108,"text":"Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verbyla, David","contributorId":87795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verbyla","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70039765,"text":"sir20125128 - 2012 - Surface-water salinity in the Gunnison River Basin, Colorado, water years 1989 through 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-01T01:01:51","indexId":"sir20125128","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5128","title":"Surface-water salinity in the Gunnison River Basin, Colorado, water years 1989 through 2007","docAbstract":"Elevated levels of dissolved solids in water (salinity) can result in numerous and costly issues for agricultural, industrial, and municipal water users. The Colorado River Basin Salinity Control Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-320) authorized planning and construction of salinity-control projects in the Colorado River Basin. One of the first projects was the Lower Gunnison Unit, a project to mitigate salinity in the Lower Gunnison and Uncompahgre River Basins. In cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation (USBR), the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a study to quantify changes in salinity in the Gunnison River Basin. Trends in salinity concentration and load during the period water years (WY) 1989 through 2004 (1989-2004) were determined for 15 selected streamflow-gaging stations in the Gunnison River Basin. Additionally, trends in salinity concentration and load during the period WY1989 through 2007 (1989-2007) were determined for 5 of the 15 sites for which sufficient data were available. Trend results also were used to identify regions in the Lower Gunnison River Basin (downstream from the Gunnison Tunnel) where the largest changes in salinity loads occur. Additional sources of salinity, including residential development (urbanization), changes in land cover, and natural sources, were estimated within the context of the trend results. The trend results and salinity loads estimated from trends testing also were compared to USBR and Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) estimates of off-farm and on-farm salinity reduction from salinity-control projects in the basin. Finally, salinity from six additional sites in basins that are not affected by irrigated agriculture or urbanization was monitored from WY 2008 to 2010 to quantify what portion of salinity may be from nonagricultural or natural sources. In the Upper Gunnison area, which refers to Gunnison River Basin above the site located on the Gunnison River below the Gunnison Tunnel, estimated mean annual salinity load was 110,000 tons during WY 1989-2004. Analysis of both study periods (WY 1989-2004 and WY 1989-2007) showed an initial decrease in salinity load with a minimum in 1997. The net change over either study period was only significant during WY 1989-2007. Salinity load significantly decreased at the Gunnison River near Delta by 179,000 tons during WY 1989-2004. Just downstream, the Uncompahgre River enters the Gunnison River where there also was a highly significant decrease in salinity load of 55,500 tons. The site that is located at the mouth of the study area is the Gunnison River near Grand Junction where the decrease was the largest. Salinity loads decreased by 247,000 tons during WY 1989-2004 at this site though the decrease attenuated by 2007 and the net change was a decrease of 207,000 tons. The trend results presented in this study indicate that the effect of urbanization on salinity loads is difficult to discern from the effects of irrigated agriculture and that natural sources contribute a fraction of the total salinity load for the entire basin. Based on the calculated yields and geology, 23-63 percent of the estimated annual salinity load was from natural sources at the Gunnison River near Grand Junction during WY 1989-2007. The largest changes in salinity load occurred at the Gunnison River near Grand Junction as well as the two sites located in Delta: the Gunnison River at Delta and the Uncompahgre River at Delta. Those three sites, especially the two sites at Delta, were the most affected by irrigated agriculture, which was observed in the estimated mean annual loads. Irrigated acreage, especially acreage underlain by Mancos Shale, is the target of salinity-control projects intended to decrease salinity loads. The NRCS and the USBR have done the majority of salinity control work in the Lower Gunnison area of the Gunnison River Basin, and the focus has been in the Uncompahgre River Basin and in portions of the Lower Gunnison River Basin (downstream from the Gunnison Tunnel). According to the estimates from the USBR and NRCS, salinity-control projects may be responsible for a reduction of 117,300 tons of salinity as of 2004 and 142,000 tons as of 2007 at the Gunnison River near Grand Junction, Colo. (streamflow-gaging station 09152500). USBR and NRCS estimates account for all but 130,000 tons in 2004 and 65,000 tons in 2007 of salinity load reduction. The additional reduction could be a reduction in natural salt loading to the streams because of land-cover changes during the study period. It is possible also that the USBR and NRCS have underestimated changes in salinity loads as a result of the implementation of salinity-control projects.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125128","usgsCitation":"Schaffrath, K.R., 2012, Surface-water salinity in the Gunnison River Basin, Colorado, water years 1989 through 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5128, vi, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125128.","productDescription":"vi, 47 p.","numberOfPages":"57","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260035,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012-5128.gif"},{"id":260030,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5128/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":260031,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5128/SIR12-5128.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"2000000","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Gunnison River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.5,37.5 ], [ -109.5,39.5 ], [ -106.5,39.5 ], [ -106.5,37.5 ], [ -109.5,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba19fe4b08c986b31f1dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaffrath, Keelin R.","contributorId":7552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaffrath","given":"Keelin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039764,"text":"sir20125185 - 2012 - Flux of nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended sediment from the Susquehanna River Basin to the Chesapeake Bay during Tropical Storm Lee, September 2011, as an indicator of the effects of reservoir sedimentation on water quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-04T17:16:10","indexId":"sir20125185","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5185","title":"Flux of nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended sediment from the Susquehanna River Basin to the Chesapeake Bay during Tropical Storm Lee, September 2011, as an indicator of the effects of reservoir sedimentation on water quality","docAbstract":"Concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended sediment are measured at the U.S. Geological Survey streamgage at Conowingo Dam at the downstream end of the Susquehanna River Basin in Maryland, where the river flows into the Chesapeake Bay. During the period September 7-15, 2011, in the aftermath of Tropical Storm Lee, concentrations of these three constituents were among the highest ever measured at this site. These measurements indicate that sediment-storage processes behind the three dams on the lower Susquehanna River are evolving. In particular, they indicate that scouring of sediment (and the nitrogen and phosphorus attached to that sediment) may be increasing with time. Trends in flow-normalized fluxes at the Susquehanna River at Conowingo, Maryland, streamgage during 1996-2011 indicate a 3.2-percent decrease in total nitrogen, but a 55-percent increase in total phosphorus and a 97-percent increase in suspended sediment. These large increases in the flux of phosphorus and sediment from the Susquehanna River to the Chesapeake Bay have occurred despite reductions in the fluxes of these constituents from the Susquehanna River watershed upstream from the reservoirs. Although the Tropical Storm Lee flood event contributed about 1.8 percent of the total streamflow from the Susquehanna River to the Chesapeake Bay over the past decade (water years 2002-11), it contributed about 5 percent of the nitrogen, 22 percent of the phosphorus, and 39 percent of the suspended sediment during the same period. These results highlight the importance of brief high-flow events in releasing nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment derived from the Susquehanna River watershed and stored in the Conowingo Reservoir to the Chesapeake Bay.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125185","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R.M., 2012, Flux of nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended sediment from the Susquehanna River Basin to the Chesapeake Bay during Tropical Storm Lee, September 2011, as an indicator of the effects of reservoir sedimentation on water quality: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5185, v, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125185.","productDescription":"v, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[{"id":434,"text":"National Research Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5185.gif"},{"id":260029,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5185/pdf/sir2012-5185-508.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260028,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5185/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic Projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Delaware;Maryl;New York;Pennsylvania;Virginia;West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay Basin;Conowingo Dam;Holtwood Dam;Safe Harbor Dam;Susquehanna River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.25,36.75 ], [ -80.25,43 ], [ -74.75,43 ], [ -74.75,36.75 ], [ -80.25,36.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a12a7e4b0c8380cd543b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039758,"text":"sim3221 - 2012 - Flood-inundation maps for the Saddle River from Rochelle Park to Lodi, New Jersey, 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-31T01:01:45","indexId":"sim3221","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3221","title":"Flood-inundation maps for the Saddle River from Rochelle Park to Lodi, New Jersey, 2012","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for a 2.75-mile reach of the Saddle River from 0.2 mile upstream from the Interstate 80 bridge in Rochelle Park to 1.5 miles downstream from the U.S. Route 46 bridge in Lodi, New Jersey, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP). The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at <a href=\"http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/\">http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation</a>, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage at Saddle River at Lodi, New Jersey (station 01391500). Current conditions for estimating near real-time areas of inundation using USGS streamgage information may be obtained on the Internet at <a href=\"http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/uv?site_no=01391500\">http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/uv?site_no=01391500</a>. The National Weather Service (NWS) forecasts flood hydrographs at many places that are often collocated with USGS streamgages. NWS-forecasted peak-stage information may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation. In this study, flood profiles were computed for the stream reach by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The model was calibrated using the most current stage-discharge relations at the Saddle River at Lodi, New Jersey streamgage and documented high-water marks from recent floods. The hydraulic model was then used to determine 11 water-surface profiles for flood stages at the Saddle River streamgage at 1-ft intervals referenced to the streamgage datum, North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88), and ranging from bankfull, 0.5 ft below NWS Action Stage, to the extent of the stage-discharge rating, which is approximately 1 ft higher than the highest recorded water level at the streamgage. Action Stage is the stage which when reached by a rising stream the NWS or a partner needs to take some type of mitigation action in preparation for possible significant hydrologic activity. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system 3-meter (9.84-ft) digital elevation model (derived from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data) in order to delineate the area flooded at each water level. The availability of these maps, along with Internet information regarding current stage from USGS streamgages and forecasted stream stages from the NWS, provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities, such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post-flood recovery efforts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3221","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Hoppe, H.L., and Watson, K.M., 2012, Flood-inundation maps for the Saddle River from Rochelle Park to Lodi, New Jersey, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3221, Pamphlet: vi, 7 p.; Sheets 1-11: 17 x 22 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3221.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: vi, 7 p.; Sheets 1-11: 17 x 22 inches; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3221.png"},{"id":260012,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3221/downloads/pdf/sim3221-saddle08ft.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260013,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3221/downloads/pdf/sim3221-saddle09ft.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260016,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3221/downloads/pdf/sim3221-saddle14ft.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260017,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3221/downloads/pdf/sim3221-saddle15ft.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260007,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3221/downloads/pdf/sim3221-saddle10ft.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260008,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3221/downloads/pdf/sim3221-pamphlet.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260009,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3221/downloads/pdf/sim3221-saddle05ft.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260010,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3221/downloads/pdf/sim3221-saddle06ft.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260011,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3221/downloads/pdf/sim3221-saddle07ft.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260014,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3221/downloads/pdf/sim3221-saddle11ft.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260015,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3221/downloads/pdf/sim3221-saddle12ft.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260005,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3221/downloads/pdf/sim3221-saddle13ft.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":260006,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3221/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"12000","datum":"North American Datum of 1988","country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -74.1,40.86666666666667 ], [ -74.1,40.9 ], [ -74.06666666666666,40.9 ], [ -74.06666666666666,40.86666666666667 ], [ -74.1,40.86666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1167e4b0c8380cd53faa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoppe, Heidi L. hhoppe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoppe","given":"Heidi","email":"hhoppe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":466887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watson, Kara M. 0000-0002-2685-0260 kmwatson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2685-0260","contributorId":2134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"Kara","email":"kmwatson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039756,"text":"sir20125169 - 2012 - Water-quality characteristics and trends for selected sites at and near the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 1949-2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-31T01:01:45","indexId":"sir20125169","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5169","title":"Water-quality characteristics and trends for selected sites at and near the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 1949-2009","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, analyzed water-quality data collected from 67 aquifer wells and 7 surface-water sites at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) from 1949 through 2009. The data analyzed included major cations, anions, nutrients, trace elements, and total organic carbon. The analyses were performed to examine water-quality trends that might inform future management decisions about the number of wells to sample at the INL and the type of constituents to monitor. Water-quality trends were determined using (1) the nonparametric Kendall's <i>tau</i> correlation coefficient, <i>p</i>-value, Theil-Sen slope estimator, and summary statistics for uncensored data; and (2) the Kaplan-Meier method for calculating summary statistics, Kendall's <i>tau</i> correlation coefficient, <i>p</i>-value, and Akritas-Theil-Sen slope estimator for robust linear regression for censored data. Statistical analyses for chloride concentrations indicate that groundwater influenced by Big Lost River seepage has decreasing chloride trends or, in some cases, has variable chloride concentration changes that correlate with above-average and below-average periods of recharge. Analyses of trends for chloride in water samples from four sites located along the Big Lost River indicate a decreasing trend or no trend for chloride, and chloride concentrations generally are much lower at these four sites than those in the aquifer. Above-average and below-average periods of recharge also affect concentration trends for sodium, sulfate, nitrate, and a few trace elements in several wells. Analyses of trends for constituents in water from several of the wells that is mostly regionally derived groundwater generally indicate increasing trends for chloride, sodium, sulfate, and nitrate concentrations. These increases are attributed to agricultural or other anthropogenic influences on the aquifer upgradient of the INL. Statistical trends of chemical constituents from several wells near the Naval Reactors Facility may be influenced by wastewater disposal at the facility or by anthropogenic influence from the Little Lost River basin. Groundwater samples from three wells downgradient of the Power Burst Facility area show increasing trends for chloride, nitrate, sodium, and sulfate concentrations. The increases could be caused by wastewater disposal in the Power Burst Facility area. Some groundwater samples in the southwestern part of the INL and southwest of the INL show concentration trends for chloride and sodium that may be influenced by wastewater disposal. Some of the groundwater samples have decreasing trends that could be attributed to the decreasing concentrations in the wastewater from the late 1970s to 2009. The young fraction of groundwater in many of the wells is more than 20 years old, so samples collected in the early 1990s are more representative of groundwater discharged in the 1960s and 1970s, when concentrations in wastewater were much higher. Groundwater sampled in 2009 would be representative of the lower concentrations of chloride and sodium in wastewater discharged in the late 1980s. Analyses of trends for sodium in several groundwater samples from the central and southern part of the eastern Snake River aquifer show increasing trends. In most cases, however, the sodium concentrations are less than background concentrations measured in the aquifer. Many of the wells are open to larger mixed sections of the aquifer, and the increasing trends may indicate that the long history of wastewater disposal in the central part of the INL is increasing sodium concentrations in the groundwater.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125169","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/ID-22219","usgsCitation":"Bartholomay, R.C., Davis, L.C., Fisher, J.C., Tucker, B.J., and Raben, F.A., 2012, Water-quality characteristics and trends for selected sites at and near the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 1949-2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5169, Report: vi, 68 p.; Appendices A-E PDF, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125169.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 68 p.; Appendices A-E PDF","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5169.jpg"},{"id":259993,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5169/pdf/sir20125169.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259994,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5169/pdf/sir20125169_AppA.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259995,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5169/pdf/sir20125169_AppB.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259998,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5169/pdf/sir20125169_AppE.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259992,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5169/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":259996,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5169/pdf/sir20125169_AppC.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259997,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5169/pdf/sir20125169_AppD.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 12","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.75,43.25 ], [ -113.75,44.233333333333334 ], [ -112.25,44.233333333333334 ], [ -112.25,43.25 ], [ -113.75,43.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcdd8e4b08c986b32e102","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholomay, Roy C. 0000-0002-4809-9287 rcbarth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-9287","contributorId":1131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"Roy","email":"rcbarth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, Linda C. lcdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":2539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Linda","email":"lcdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fisher, Jason C. 0000-0001-9032-8912 jfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9032-8912","contributorId":2523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Jason","email":"jfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tucker, Betty J.","contributorId":27885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"Betty","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Raben, Flint A.","contributorId":79345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raben","given":"Flint","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70039752,"text":"ofr20121188 - 2012 - Estimated probability of postwildfire debris flows in the 2012 Whitewater-Baldy Fire burn area, southwestern New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-30T01:02:05","indexId":"ofr20121188","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1188","title":"Estimated probability of postwildfire debris flows in the 2012 Whitewater-Baldy Fire burn area, southwestern New Mexico","docAbstract":"In May and June 2012, the Whitewater-Baldy Fire burned approximately 1,200 square kilometers (300,000 acres) of the Gila National Forest, in southwestern New Mexico. The burned landscape is now at risk of damage from postwildfire erosion, such as that caused by debris flows and flash floods. This report presents a preliminary hazard assessment of the debris-flow potential from 128 basins burned by the Whitewater-Baldy Fire. A pair of empirical hazard-assessment models developed by using data from recently burned basins throughout the intermountain Western United States was used to estimate the probability of debris-flow occurrence and volume of debris flows along the burned area drainage network and for selected drainage basins within the burned area. The models incorporate measures of areal burned extent and severity, topography, soils, and storm rainfall intensity to estimate the probability and volume of debris flows following the fire. In response to the 2-year-recurrence, 30-minute-duration rainfall, modeling indicated that four basins have high probabilities of debris-flow occurrence (greater than or equal to 80 percent). For the 10-year-recurrence, 30-minute-duration rainfall, an additional 14 basins are included, and for the 25-year-recurrence, 30-minute-duration rainfall, an additional eight basins, 20 percent of the total, have high probabilities of debris-flow occurrence. In addition, probability analysis along the stream segments can identify specific reaches of greatest concern for debris flows within a basin. Basins with a high probability of debris-flow occurrence were concentrated in the west and central parts of the burned area, including tributaries to Whitewater Creek, Mineral Creek, and Willow Creek. Estimated debris-flow volumes ranged from about 3,000-4,000 cubic meters (m<sup>3</sup>) to greater than 500,000 m<sup>3</sup> for all design storms modeled. Drainage basins with estimated volumes greater than 500,000 m<sup>3</sup> included tributaries to Whitewater Creek, Willow Creek, Iron Creek, and West Fork Mogollon Creek. Drainage basins with estimated debris-flow volumes greater than 100,000 m<sup>3</sup> for the 25-year-recurrence event, 24 percent of the basins modeled, also include tributaries to Deep Creek, Mineral Creek, Gilita Creek, West Fork Gila River, Mogollon Creek, and Turkey Creek, among others. Basins with the highest combined probability and volume relative hazard rankings for the 25-year-recurrence rainfall include tributaries to Whitewater Creek, Mineral Creek, Willow Creek, West Fork Gila River, West Fork Mogollon Creek, and Turkey Creek. Debris flows from Whitewater, Mineral, and Willow Creeks could affect the southwestern New Mexico communities of Glenwood, Alma, and Willow Creek. The maps presented herein may be used to prioritize areas where emergency erosion mitigation or other protective measures may be necessary within a 2- to 3-year period of vulnerability following the Whitewater-Baldy Fire. This work is preliminary and is subject to revision. It is being provided because of the need for timely \"best science\" information. The assessment herein is provided on the condition that neither the U.S. Geological Survey nor the U.S. Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from the authorized or unauthorized use of the assessment.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121188","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Gila National Forest","usgsCitation":"Tillery, A.C., Matherne, A.M., and Verdin, K.L., 2012, Estimated probability of postwildfire debris flows in the 2012 Whitewater-Baldy Fire burn area, southwestern New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1188, Report: iv, 11 p.; Plate 1: 32.92 inches x 21.34 inches, Plate 2: 32.89 inches x 21.31 inches, Plate 3: 32.89 inches x 21.31 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121188.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 11 p.; Plate 1: 32.92 inches x 21.34 inches, Plate 2: 32.89 inches x 21.31 inches, Plate 3: 32.89 inches x 21.31 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1188.gif"},{"id":259975,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1188/ofr2012-1188_pl2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259972,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1188/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":259973,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1188/ofr2012-1188_pl1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259974,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1188/ofr2012-1188_pl3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259971,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1188/ofr2012-1188.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system Zone 12 North","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Catron;Grant","otherGeospatial":"Gila National Forest;Mogollon Mountains;Whitewater Baldy","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.08333333333333,33.083333333333336 ], [ -109.08333333333333,33.583333333333336 ], [ -108.16666666666667,33.583333333333336 ], [ -108.16666666666667,33.083333333333336 ], [ -109.08333333333333,33.083333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a9fe4b0c8380cd523f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillery, Anne C. 0000-0002-9508-7908 atillery@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9508-7908","contributorId":2549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillery","given":"Anne","email":"atillery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matherne, Anne Marie 0000-0002-5873-2226 matherne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5873-2226","contributorId":303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matherne","given":"Anne","email":"matherne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verdin, Kristine L. 0000-0002-6114-4660 kverdin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6114-4660","contributorId":3070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"Kristine","email":"kverdin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}