The uranium, thorium, and potassium content of hydrothermally altered rocks in the vicinity of several copper and copper-lead-zinc deposits in Arizona was determined by chemical analysis. Potassium in the more intensely altered zones is about twice that in unaltered areas. There is no corresponding increase in thorium, so a higher potassium/thorium ratio also results from alteration; abnormally high uranium, locally in secular disequilibrium, was observed at the Bagdad porphyry copper deposit. A truck-mounted gammarray spectrometer was used to obtain a spectrum of gamma emission at each sample location. Equating the spectrometric with the chemical data gave standard errors of 0.6 percent potassium, 3 ppm thorium, and 10 ppm uranium for the outcrop analyses with the spectrometer. The amount of potassium introduced by hydrothermal alteration is thought sufficient in quantity to be detected by either surface or aerial spectrometry; spectrometric detection of anomalous uranium is probably marginal, owing to the disequilibrium. The potassium/thorium ratio may provide a means of distinguishing, in such surveys, between hydrothermally altered high-potassium zones and unaltered extrinsically high-potassium intrusives.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.60.4.653","usgsCitation":"Moxham, R., Foote, R., and Bunker, C.M., 1965, Gamma-ray spectrometer studies of hydro-thermally altered rocks: Economic Geology, v. 60, no. 4, p. 653-671, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.60.4.653.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"653","endPage":"671","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386235,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1965-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moxham, R.M.","contributorId":42234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moxham","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foote, R.S.","contributorId":259302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foote","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bunker, C. M.","contributorId":75138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunker","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70221189,"text":"70221189 - 1965 - Electrochemical geothermometer: A possible new method of geothermometry with electro-conductive minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T18:30:14.836495","indexId":"70221189","displayToPublicDate":"1965-06-01T13:28:08","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Electrochemical geothermometer: A possible new method of geothermometry with electro-conductive minerals","docAbstract":"It was demonstrated with artificially processed sulfides that the minimum temperature of equilibration of a pair of electro-conductive minerals can be determined electrochemically. The procedure consists of setting up an electrochemical cell with the mineral electrodes and a suitable electrolyte, changing the temperature of the cell slowly in a furnace, and finding the temperature at which the emf of the cell becomes zero. The experimental results strongly suggest that this electrochemical method could be used as a new method of geothermometry.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.60.4.812","usgsCitation":"Sato, M., 1965, Electrochemical geothermometer: A possible new method of geothermometry with electro-conductive minerals: Economic Geology, v. 60, no. 4, p. 812-818, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.60.4.812.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"812","endPage":"818","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386234,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1965-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sato, M.","contributorId":50201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sato","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010807,"text":"70010807 - 1965 - Low deuterium content of Lake Vanda, Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-10T18:50:44.868847","indexId":"70010807","displayToPublicDate":"1965-05-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Low deuterium content of Lake Vanda, Antarctica","docAbstract":"Lake Vanda in Victoria Land, Antarctica, is permanently ice-covered and permanently stratified, with warm, salty water near the bottom. Deuterium analyses of lake water from several levels indicate that the lake has a low deuterium content, and that it is stratified with respect to this isotope. This low deuterium content supports the evidence from the lake's ionic content that the saline layer is not of marine origin, and it indicates that evaporation from the ice surface has taken place. The stratification of the lake with respect to deuterium suggests that the upper and lower layers of water were formed at different times from different sources of glacial melt water.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.148.3674.1226","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Ragotzkie, R., and Friedman, I., 1965, Low deuterium content of Lake Vanda, Antarctica: Science, v. 148, no. 3674, p. 1226-1227, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.148.3674.1226.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1226","endPage":"1227","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218673,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Lake Vanda, Victoria Land, Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 155.94852787212506,\n -78.21218030941368\n ],\n [\n 171.0951946664561,\n -78.21218030941368\n ],\n [\n 171.0951946664561,\n -75.70367410122311\n ],\n [\n 155.94852787212506,\n -75.70367410122311\n ],\n [\n 155.94852787212506,\n -78.21218030941368\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"148","issue":"3674","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4a01e4b0c8380cd68a59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ragotzkie, R.A.","contributorId":67213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ragotzkie","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friedman, I.","contributorId":95596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010597,"text":"70010597 - 1965 - Radiocarbon determinations for estimating groundwater flow velocities in central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-10T21:24:21.878527","indexId":"70010597","displayToPublicDate":"1965-04-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radiocarbon determinations for estimating groundwater flow velocities in central Florida","docAbstract":"Carbon-14 activity was determined from HCO3- in samples of groundwater obtained from the principal artesian aquifer in Florida. From these data the \"age\" of water obtained from a series of wells, each progressively farther down gradient on the piezometric surface, was established. Relative carbon-14 ages indicated a velocity of groundwater movement of 23 feet (7 meters) per year for about 85 miles (137 kilometers) of travel. A velocity of 23 feet per year was calculated independently from Darcy's law.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.148.3669.494","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Hanshaw, B., Back, W., and Rubin, M., 1965, Radiocarbon determinations for estimating groundwater flow velocities in central Florida: Science, v. 148, no. 3669, p. 494-495, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.148.3669.494.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"494","endPage":"495","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219096,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"central Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.9572772353431,\n 29.55750556929405\n ],\n [\n -82.9572772353431,\n 27.102727498933774\n ],\n [\n -80.334695107516,\n 27.102727498933774\n ],\n [\n -80.334695107516,\n 29.55750556929405\n ],\n [\n -82.9572772353431,\n 29.55750556929405\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"148","issue":"3669","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a93e3e4b0c8380cd810ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanshaw, B.B.","contributorId":25928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanshaw","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Back, W.","contributorId":33839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Back","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rubin, M.","contributorId":88079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70010596,"text":"70010596 - 1965 - Alaskan glaciers: Recent observations in respect to the earthquake-advance theory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-10T21:31:56.04714","indexId":"70010596","displayToPublicDate":"1965-04-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alaskan glaciers: Recent observations in respect to the earthquake-advance theory","docAbstract":"Preliminary aerial photographic studies indicate that the Alaskan earthquake produced some rockfalls but no significant snow and ice avalanches on glaciers. No rapid, short-lived glacier advances (surges) are conclusively associated with this earthquake. Recent evidence fails to support the earthquake-advance theory of Tarr and Martin.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.148.3668.366","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Post, A., 1965, Alaskan glaciers: Recent observations in respect to the earthquake-advance theory: Science, v. 148, no. 3668, p. 366-368, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.148.3668.366.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"366","endPage":"368","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219095,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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A.S.","contributorId":28737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Post","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010599,"text":"70010599 - 1965 - Miocene mammals and Central American seaways","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-11T14:54:47.281954","indexId":"70010599","displayToPublicDate":"1965-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Miocene mammals and Central American seaways","docAbstract":"The presence of Miocene mammals of North American affinity in the Panama Canal Zone indicates that Central America was attached to North America. That this attachment was a broad and stable land mass is shown by the close relation of the Panama Miocene herbivores to the widely distributed Miocene herbivore fauna of North America. A continuous connection existed probably throughout the Tertiary, to the west and north of the isthmian region, but the tectonically active isthmus probably was broken up into an archipelago during most of Tertiary time. Between the islands ran the Strait of Panama; from time to time parts of the isthmian area were connected to the stable land to the west, allowing eastward migration of land animals. The mammals of North American affinity in the Cucaracha Formation were found only a few kilometers from the western end of the San Blas Area, a stable land mass in eastern Panama that was separated from South America by the Bolivar Trough during most of the interval between Oligocene and Pliocene time. The Strait of Panama was a less stable barrier than the Bolivar Trough; this being so, it is likely that the San Blas Area was inhabited by land animals of North American rather than South American affinity. Thus, the disappearance of the Bolivar seaway in Pliocene time would have allowed, probably for the first time, mingling of the North and South American mammal faunas.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.148.3667.180","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Whitmore, F., and Stewart, R., 1965, Miocene mammals and Central American seaways: Science, v. 148, no. 3667, p. 180-185, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.148.3667.180.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"180","endPage":"185","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":500017,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgsstaffpub/235","text":"External Repository"},{"id":499735,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Panama","otherGeospatial":"Panama Canal","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.56710815429688,\n 8.913563600852665\n ],\n [\n -79.5355224609375,\n 8.96918430647907\n ],\n [\n -79.683837890625,\n 9.112944562617598\n ],\n [\n -79.80743408203124,\n 9.218693523232716\n ],\n [\n -79.91043090820312,\n 9.323055668100306\n ],\n [\n -79.94750976562499,\n 9.367772770859636\n ],\n [\n -79.9530029296875,\n 9.268845439399795\n ],\n [\n -79.79507446289062,\n 9.100740737595547\n ],\n [\n -79.56710815429688,\n 8.913563600852665\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"148","issue":"3667","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5b38e4b0c8380cd6f402","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitmore, F.C. Jr.","contributorId":16895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitmore","given":"F.C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, R.H.","contributorId":106633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70218179,"text":"70218179 - 1965 - Role of fluid pressure in mechanics of overthrust faulting: Reply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-25T15:16:34.568141","indexId":"70218179","displayToPublicDate":"1965-04-01T18:17:18","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of fluid pressure in mechanics of overthrust faulting: Reply","docAbstract":"Davis cites four areas of low-angle faulting in which he believes that high fluid pressures can have played no important part in the development and movement of the thrust plates, but it seems to us that the concept or some variant of it may help to explain the observed field relationships in the three out of these four areas with which we have had some first-hand experience. In the areas of the Heart Mountain thrust of Wyoming, the Muddy Mountain thrust of Nevada, and the structurally higher, crystalline thrust sheets of the Swiss Alps, field relationships which include evidence of dehydration reactions during metamorphism of evaporites and of pelitic rocks suggest that interstitial fluid pressures may have been high and thus have played an essential part in the development of the thrust faults. In the fourth area cited by Davis, that of his own studies in the Klamath Mountains of California, we have had no first-hand experience and thus are not competent to answer his criticisms.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1965)76[469:ROFPIM]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Rubey, W.W., and Hubbert, M.K., 1965, Role of fluid pressure in mechanics of overthrust faulting: Reply: GSA Bulletin, v. 76, no. 4, p. 469-474, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1965)76[469:ROFPIM]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"469","endPage":"474","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":383306,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rubey, William W.","contributorId":16899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubey","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":810371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hubbert, M. King","contributorId":50197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbert","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"King","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":810372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70221195,"text":"70221195 - 1965 - Geology and biology of the sea floor as deduced from simulaneous photographs and samples","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T20:30:18.324547","indexId":"70221195","displayToPublicDate":"1965-04-01T15:26:14","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology and biology of the sea floor as deduced from simulaneous photographs and samples","docAbstract":"During 1963, 260 paired photographs and large bottom samples were taken on the continental shelf and slope off northeastern United States. The photographs revealed surface characteristics of the sediments and natural attitudes of benthic animals; the samples retrieved specimens for geological and biological examination and identification.
Samples are the best source materials for making textural studies of sediments consisting mostly of sand, silt, or clay, but photographs are better than samples for bottoms too bouldery for proper sampling. Ripple marks and other surface irregularities revealed by the photographs supplement textural studies of the samples in deducing effects of wave movements and currents upon bottom materials.
For biological studies, the photographs yield much information on relationships of the benthic fauna to bottom materials, but they fail to provide useful data on biomasses. Biomasses and accurate taxonomic identifications are far better made upon samples. Thus, a combination of photographs and accompanying samples provides maximum information for biological as well as geological purposes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.4319/lo.1965.10.1.0001","usgsCitation":"Emery, K., Merrill, A., and Trumbull, J.V., 1965, Geology and biology of the sea floor as deduced from simulaneous photographs and samples: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 10, no. 1, p. 1-21, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1965.10.1.0001.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480357,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1965.10.1.0001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":386240,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Emery, K.O.","contributorId":67865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emery","given":"K.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merrill, A.S.","contributorId":36676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merrill","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trumbull, James V. A.","contributorId":8457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trumbull","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"V. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70221193,"text":"70221193 - 1965 - Environmental framework of ground‐water contamination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T19:19:40.178242","indexId":"70221193","displayToPublicDate":"1965-04-01T14:15:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental framework of ground‐water contamination","docAbstract":"Ramifications of contamination are increasingly involved in the majority of ground‐water problems. The volume of usable ground water is shrinking in many places because of dispersion of contaminated water. Consideration of ground‐water contamination as a multitude of independent problems, separately solvable as each problem arises, is outmoded; wise policies, relating water supply to contamination potential, are needed to alleviate and to forestall problems. Methodology of managing contamination problems calls for appropriate classification of the hydrogeologic environment; these classifications include aspects of interdependent factors such as permeability, sorption, hydraulic gradient, position of water table relative to some base, and distance from source of contamination. Effective evaluations relate the dynamics of the hydrogeologic environment to contingencies involving contamination, as man changes his water‐development and waste‐disposal practices. Ways of contamination and pertinent parts of the physical environment include: waste‐disposal practices (at or near land surface and in deep formations), artificial recharge (at land surface and in aquifers), accidents, and salt‐water contamination of aquifers (shallow depth from salty surface water and at variable depths from subjacent salty aquifers). Evaluation of waste‐disposal problems calls for appreciation of two opposing tendencies–the tendency of wastes to move with ground water and the tendency to be attenuated near disposal sites by decay or inherent decrease in potency, by chemical and physical sorption, and by dilution through dispersion of ground water. Mixed wastes of differing attenuation habits represent special complex problems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Blackwell","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1965.tb01204.x","usgsCitation":"LeGrand, H.E., 1965, Environmental framework of ground‐water contamination: Groundwater, v. 3, no. 2, p. 11-15, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1965.tb01204.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386238,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LeGrand, H. E.","contributorId":54571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeGrand","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221192,"text":"70221192 - 1965 - Water levels: Water levels and trends November 1964-January 1965 (Abstracted from U. 5. Geological Survey “Water Resources Review”)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T19:13:15.344472","indexId":"70221192","displayToPublicDate":"1965-04-01T14:09:56","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water levels: Water levels and trends November 1964-January 1965 (Abstracted from U. 5. Geological Survey “Water Resources Review”)","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"NGWA The Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1965.tb01212.x","usgsCitation":"Mesnier, G., 1965, Water levels: Water levels and trends November 1964-January 1965 (Abstracted from U. 5. Geological Survey “Water Resources Review”): Groundwater, v. 3, no. 2, p. 45-45, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1965.tb01212.x.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"45","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386237,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mesnier, G.N.","contributorId":32981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesnier","given":"G.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1014310,"text":"1014310 - 1965 - Use of microhematocrit values to sex largemouth bass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-01T16:21:54.674476","indexId":"1014310","displayToPublicDate":"1965-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of microhematocrit values to sex largemouth bass","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1965)27[87:UOMVTS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Steucke, E.W., and Atherton, C.R., 1965, Use of microhematocrit values to sex largemouth bass: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 27, no. 2, p. 87-90, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1965)27[87:UOMVTS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"90","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131971,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604559","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steucke, Erwin W. Jr.","contributorId":23798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steucke","given":"Erwin","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Atherton, Charles R.","contributorId":29367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Atherton","given":"Charles","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":944641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014518,"text":"1014518 - 1965 - Some recent developments and applications of fish cell and tissue culture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-01T16:29:21.783277","indexId":"1014518","displayToPublicDate":"1965-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Some recent developments and applications of fish cell and tissue culture","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1965)27[67:SRDAAO]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Wolf, K., 1965, Some recent developments and applications of fish cell and tissue culture: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 27, no. 2, p. 67-74, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1965)27[67:SRDAAO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"74","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131054,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e7e4b07f02db5e8276","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolf, Ken","contributorId":106546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolf","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70207282,"text":"70207282 - 1965 - Relation of carbon 14 concentrations to saline water contamination of coastal aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-17T07:00:43","indexId":"70207282","displayToPublicDate":"1965-03-31T16:24:40","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3721,"text":"Water Resources Management","onlineIssn":"1573-1650","printIssn":"0920-4741","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relation of carbon 14 concentrations to saline water contamination of coastal aquifers","docAbstract":"Naturally occurring stable or radioactive isotopes may be used in some places to identify the origin of saline water that contaminates some coastal aquifers. In a recent study to determine the origin of saline water in the Ocala Limestone aquifer near Brunswick, Georgia, the following sources were analyzed for C14 and deuterium concentrations: potable water from the Ocala Limestone, contaminated water from the Ocala Limestone, saune water from the underlying Claiborne Group, and nearby ocean water. The chloride concentration of the groundwater ranges from about 25 ppm in the potable water to more than 2000 ppm in the deeper part of the Claiborne Group. From an interpretation of piezometric maps and other hydrologic data, previous investigators had concluded that the source of the contaminating water was the Claiborne Group and not the nearby ocean. The essentially uniform range of low values of −965 to −987‰ of the modern standard (National Bureau Standard C14 oxalic acid) for the C14 activity of the groundwater samples (regardless of the degree of contamination) is in agreement with this conclusion. If recent ocean water, which had a C14 value of +285‰, were the source of contamination, the contaminated water would have had a C14 activity higher than the activity of the fresh water. Deuterium analyses are not inconsistent with the interpretation that water from the Claiborne Group, rather than recent ocean water, is the source of the contaminating water. The concurrence of the hydrologic and the isotopic data in this area where the hydrology is well known suggests that isotopic analysis may be used to identify the origin of water in different portions of a hydrologic environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR001i001p00109","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Hanshaw, B., Back, W., Rubin, M., and Wait, R.L., 1965, Relation of carbon 14 concentrations to saline water contamination of coastal aquifers: Water Resources Management, v. 1, no. 1, p. 109-114, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR001i001p00109.","productDescription":"6 p. ","startPage":"109","endPage":"114","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":370289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Glynn County","city":"Brunswick","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.73828125,\n 30.92107637538488\n ],\n [\n -81.221923828125,\n 30.92107637538488\n ],\n [\n -81.221923828125,\n 31.39115752282472\n ],\n [\n -81.73828125,\n 31.39115752282472\n ],\n [\n -81.73828125,\n 30.92107637538488\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanshaw, B.B.","contributorId":25928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanshaw","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Back, W.","contributorId":33839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Back","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rubin, Meyer","contributorId":107283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"Meyer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wait, Robert L.","contributorId":12839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wait","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70010809,"text":"70010809 - 1965 - Quaternary correlations across Bering Strait","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-12T15:34:43.035498","indexId":"70010809","displayToPublicDate":"1965-03-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quaternary correlations across Bering Strait","docAbstract":"Recent Soviet and American studies cast new light on the history of the Bering land bridge.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.147.3662.1107","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Hopkins, D., MacNeil, F., Merklin, R., and Petrov, O., 1965, Quaternary correlations across Bering Strait: Science, v. 147, no. 3662, p. 1107-1114, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.147.3662.1107.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1107","endPage":"1114","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218675,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, United States","otherGeospatial":"Bering land bridge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -164.09090104089262,\n 67.6924535999915\n ],\n [\n -174.08881441266908,\n 67.6924535999915\n ],\n [\n -174.08881441266908,\n 63.49155843993441\n ],\n [\n -164.09090104089262,\n 63.49155843993441\n ],\n [\n -164.09090104089262,\n 67.6924535999915\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"147","issue":"3662","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a928be4b0c8380cd80904","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hopkins, D.M.","contributorId":103646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"MacNeil, F. S.","contributorId":34564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacNeil","given":"F. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Merklin, R.L.","contributorId":106631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merklin","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Petrov, O.M.","contributorId":82453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petrov","given":"O.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":37782,"text":"37782 - 1965 - Trapping starlings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-23T16:31:08","indexId":"37782","displayToPublicDate":"1965-03-01T16:30:44","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":98,"text":"Wildlife Leaflet","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"467","title":"Trapping starlings","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, 1965, Trapping starlings: Wildlife Leaflet 467, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290839,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57ffcdb6e4b0824b2d175959","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife","contributorId":128149,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife","id":529718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221196,"text":"70221196 - 1965 - The U. S. Geological Survey's gravity program in Washington, Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T20:57:49.146304","indexId":"70221196","displayToPublicDate":"1965-03-01T15:52:58","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The U. S. Geological Survey's gravity program in Washington, Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming","docAbstract":"The following summary of the U. S. Geological Survey gravity program in Washington, Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming is one of a series of short papers that outline Geological Survey gravity projects in the western United States. The substance of this summary is a list of references of published papers on U. S. Geological Survey gravity projects in the northwestern states together with an index map (Figure 1) showing the location of the project, the approximate a real coverage reported in the publication, and the contour map given in the publication. Areas in Figure 1 are related to the References (part 2) by a number code. In addition, the gravity projects in progress are listed in Table 1, indicating the area in which the work is being done and the person in charge of the project. Capital letter relate the locations of the projects in Figure 1 to the list of projects in Table 1. No attempt has been made to indicate the areal coverage or contour interval of the projects in progress.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR046i001p00214","usgsCitation":"Hill, D., 1965, The U. S. Geological Survey's gravity program in Washington, Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 46, no. 1, p. 214-217, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR046i001p00214.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"214","endPage":"217","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386241,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.00292968749999,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -122.958984375,\n 48.16608541901253\n ],\n [\n -124.8046875,\n 48.40003249610685\n ],\n [\n -123.96972656249999,\n 46.10370875598026\n ],\n [\n -122.73925781250001,\n 46.13417004624326\n ],\n [\n -122.56347656249999,\n 45.644768217751924\n ],\n [\n -116.89453125,\n 46.07323062540835\n ],\n [\n -117.20214843749999,\n 44.402391829093915\n ],\n [\n -117.1142578125,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -111.005859375,\n 42.13082130188811\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 41.04621681452063\n ],\n [\n -103.974609375,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -104.1064453125,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -123.00292968749999,\n 49.095452162534826\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, D.P.","contributorId":27432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221191,"text":"70221191 - 1965 - The system arsenic-antimony","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T19:04:00.612551","indexId":"70221191","displayToPublicDate":"1965-03-01T14:01:40","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The system arsenic-antimony","docAbstract":"The one atmosphere isobaric phase relations have been determined for the system As-Sb, using a simple experimental arrangement where a low melting temperature alkali halide melt acts as a reaction vessel. The one atmosphere univariant temperature, where a liquid of composition 45.5 mol % As, plus a solid of composition 62 mol % As and a gas of composition 89 mol % As coexist, is 666° ± 3° C. The one atmosphere sublimation point of As was measured as 611° ±2° C. Arsenic and antimony are hexagonal isostructural compounds with a complete solid solution series between them. The a cell edge and volume of the unit cell vary linearly with composition in mol percent. The c edge changes in a markedly nonlinear manner with composition. The measured unit-cell parameters at 25° C are: As, a = 3.760 ± 0.001 A, c = 10.555 ± 0.003A, V = 129.2A3; Sb, a = 4.310 ± 0.001 A, c - 11.279 ± 0.003A, V = 181.4A3.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.60.2.228","usgsCitation":"Skinner, B.J., 1965, The system arsenic-antimony: Economic Geology, v. 60, no. 2, p. 228-239, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.60.2.228.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"228","endPage":"239","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386236,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1965-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skinner, B. J.","contributorId":64867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010524,"text":"70010524 - 1965 - Geological interpretation of aeromagnetic profiles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-11T15:58:36.702194","indexId":"70010524","displayToPublicDate":"1965-02-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geological interpretation of aeromagnetic profiles","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.147.3661.1052","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Ostenso, N., King, E.R., Zietz, I., and Alldredge, L., 1965, Geological interpretation of aeromagnetic profiles: Science, v. 147, no. 3661, p. 1052-1056, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.147.3661.1052.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1052","endPage":"1056","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219619,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"147","issue":"3661","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2267e4b0c8380cd57004","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ostenso, N.A.","contributorId":76463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostenso","given":"N.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, E. R.","contributorId":93482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zietz, I.","contributorId":59937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zietz","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alldredge, L.R.","contributorId":53457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alldredge","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":37781,"text":"37781 - 1965 - Directory of National Wildlife Refuges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-23T13:54:57","indexId":"37781","displayToPublicDate":"1965-02-01T13:54:31","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":98,"text":"Wildlife Leaflet","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"466","title":"Directory of National Wildlife Refuges","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, 1965, Directory of National Wildlife Refuges: Wildlife Leaflet 466, 18 p.","productDescription":"18 p.","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290826,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57ffcdb6e4b0824b2d17595b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife","contributorId":128149,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife","id":529717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010804,"text":"70010804 - 1965 - Ancient oyster shells on the Atlantic continental shelf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-11T16:16:25.844401","indexId":"70010804","displayToPublicDate":"1965-01-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ancient oyster shells on the Atlantic continental shelf","docAbstract":"Shells of long-dead Crassostrea virginica are reported at 71 stations in depths of 14 to 82 meters. The depths exceed those of the estuaries where the species flourishes. Radiocarbon measurements indicate that the oysters were alive 8000 to 11,000 years ago. It is concluded that the oysters lived in lagoons or estuaries which became submerged when the sea level rose at the end of the latest glacial epoch.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.147.3656.398","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Merrill, A., Emery, K., and Rubin, M., 1965, Ancient oyster shells on the Atlantic continental shelf: Science, v. 147, no. 3656, p. 398-400, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.147.3656.398.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"398","endPage":"400","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218670,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"147","issue":"3656","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ebf7e4b0c8380cd48fdd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merrill, A.S.","contributorId":36676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merrill","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Emery, K.O.","contributorId":67865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emery","given":"K.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rubin, M.","contributorId":88079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70221205,"text":"70221205 - 1965 - Nature and origin of the high-grade hematite ores of Minas Gerais, Brazil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T21:48:30.190007","indexId":"70221205","displayToPublicDate":"1965-01-01T16:45:35","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nature and origin of the high-grade hematite ores of Minas Gerais, Brazil","docAbstract":"The high-grade hematite deposits of Minas Gerais, Brazil, are those averaging more than 66% Fe and less than 1.5% H20+. They occur in the Caue Itabirite, a metamorphosed oxide-facies iron formation of Pre-cambrian age. This formation was intricately folded during an orogeny that metamorphosed pelitic rocks to the greenschist and almandine-amphi-bole fades, accompanied by the formation of granitic rocks. The folding produced much plastic rock flowage toward the axes of many folds, thickness of the itabirite ranging from a few to more than 1,400 m. Of 40 ore bodies on which enough information for judgments is available, 11 probably contain more than 100 million tons, 22 between 10 and 100 million tons, and 7 less than 10 million tons. At least two are thought to be larger than 400 million tons. The great majority of these ore bodies are associated with folded structures in the host itabirite, a few are associated with preore thrust faults, and some with abrupt steepening of regional linear structure. Most of the ore occurs in the lower, more siliceous two-thirds of the itabirite; some occurs in the upper third, which is locally dolomitic. Some of the ore is foliated, some unfoliated; the unfoliated cuts the foliated and heals ore breccias. The ore mineral is dominantly hematite. Ore was formed during the metamorphic cycle, after the folding. It is localized in relatively low-pressure, hence higher permeability, parts of folds. Ore replaced pre-existing itabirite, preserving structures. Regional metamorphism indicates that the metasomatizing fluids were at high temperature and under high confining pressure. Increasing solubility of quartz with gradually rising temperature caused metasomatic replacement of quartz by hematite picked up from iron formation by throughpassing fluids during the rising temperature cycle of metamorphism. Source of fluids is thought to have been first the metasedimentary rocks, then granitic gneiss and intrusive granite; the source of heat to have been the metasomatizing fluids and intrusive granite. The unfoliated iron ore healing brecciated foliated ore was deposited during the waning metamorphic cycle. Gold ore with associated tourmaline and cassiterite is found in porous but not massive iron ore. The abundant soft high-grade hematite ore formed from the more porous parts of the hard ore bodies, where metasomatism had not been complete, by supergene leaching of very minor quantities of hematite from crystal boundaries.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.60.1.1","usgsCitation":"Dorr, J.V., 1965, Nature and origin of the high-grade hematite ores of Minas Gerais, Brazil: Economic Geology, v. 60, no. 1, p. 1-46, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.60.1.1.","productDescription":"46 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"46","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386250,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Brazil","state":"Minas Gerais","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -46.93359375,\n -21.37124437061831\n ],\n [\n -41.4404296875,\n -21.37124437061831\n ],\n [\n -41.4404296875,\n -15.368949896534705\n ],\n [\n -46.93359375,\n -15.368949896534705\n ],\n [\n -46.93359375,\n -21.37124437061831\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"60","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1965-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorr, J. V.N. II","contributorId":68807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorr","given":"J.","suffix":"II","middleInitial":"V.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":877,"text":"877 - 1965 - Water resources data for Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-05T16:42:43","indexId":"877","displayToPublicDate":"1965-01-01T16:41:27","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Water resources data for Utah","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/877","issn":"0360-1633","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the state of Utah and with other agencies.","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1965, Water resources data for Utah, https://doi.org/10.3133/877.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291738,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.05,37.0 ], [ -114.05,42.0 ], [ -109.04,42.0 ], [ -109.04,37.0 ], [ -114.05,37.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e1eff1e4b0fe532be2df63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":527796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221203,"text":"70221203 - 1965 - Structural geology of aconcagua province and its relationship to the central Valley Graben, Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T21:40:36.084822","indexId":"70221203","displayToPublicDate":"1965-01-01T16:34:40","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structural geology of aconcagua province and its relationship to the central Valley Graben, Chile","docAbstract":"Aconcagua Province is herein divided into three major structural provinces which, for the sake of simplicity, are named the Coastal Cordillera, Central Valley graben, and Andean Cordillera structural provinces to correspond to the three geomorphic provinces recognized farther south. The coastal structural province includes the Coastal Cordillera which is underlain mainly by layered sedimentary and effusive rocks that strike north and dip homoclinally to the east, range from Triassic to Late Cretaceous in age, and are intruded by Cretaceous granodioritic and dioritic rocks. Igneous and metamorphic rocks largely of Paleozoic age comprise the western coastal margin, Along the eastern edge of the province is the Los Angeles fault zone, a wide, poorly defined band of semiparallel, arcuate faults which show downward displacement to the east and which appear to have resulted mainly from intrusion and uplift on the west. The Coastal Cordillera, therefore, may be considered a large horst with an intrusive granodiorite core. The Central Valley graben is bounded on the west by the Los Angeles fault zone and on the east by the Pocuro fault zone. Between these two fault zones is an area 20-30 km wide in which volcanic rocks of Late Cretaceous age are flat lying to gently folded and block faulted. In places, pipelike stocks of andesitic to dioritic igneous rock intrude the area. The Pocuro fault zone is a prominent lineament that marks the eastern limit of the Central Valley at Santiago and has been traced northward for 150 km. It may, however, have a mappable length of more than 1200 km. Vertical displacement downward to the west has been measured near Los Andes to be at least 2000 m. Consequently, this fault zone may rank among the major faults of the world. The Andean structural province is subdivided into the Las Ollas and Juncal subprovinces. The Las Ollas is a mountainous front range that lies east of the Pocuro fault and extends eastward for about 25 km. Upper Cretaceous volcanic strata are gently warped into broad, open, north-trending folds, with local sharp flexures and faulted mainly by normal faults. The eastern part of the subprovince is cut by a narrow belt of Tertiary plutonic rocks, some of which are associated with porphyry copper deposits. The Juncal structural subprovince extends eastward into Argentina. It is typified by close, overturned folding, vertical bedding, and thrust faulting. In general, structural deformation increases in intensity from west to east, with imbricate overthrusting to the east in Argentina. Present evidence indicates that major graben formation began during early Tertiary (pre-Miocene) time as a result of tensional stress developed by strain release of earlier compressional forces that folded the Andes. Post-Miocene uplift of the central Andean region renewed tensional stress and opened deep-seated, north-striking fractures and reinitiated volcanism. Most of the active volcanos of Chile may be aligned along such fractures.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1965)76[651:SGOAPA]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Carter, W.D., and Aguilar, L., 1965, Structural geology of aconcagua province and its relationship to the central Valley Graben, Chile: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 76, no. 6, p. 651-664, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1965)76[651:SGOAPA]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"651","endPage":"664","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386248,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -69.43359375,\n -17.434510551522894\n ],\n [\n -70.6201171875,\n -18.437924653474393\n ],\n [\n -70.6201171875,\n -23.079731762449878\n ],\n [\n -71.54296874999999,\n -29.075375179558346\n ],\n [\n -73.65234375,\n -37.33522435930639\n ],\n [\n -74.619140625,\n -43.61221676817571\n ],\n [\n -77.51953125,\n -50.28933925329178\n ],\n [\n -73.7841796875,\n -55.10351605801966\n ],\n [\n -67.5439453125,\n -56.02294807962743\n ],\n [\n -68.64257812499999,\n -52.961875059076014\n ],\n [\n -68.90625,\n -52.133488040771475\n ],\n [\n -71.982421875,\n -51.86292391360244\n ],\n [\n -72.421875,\n -50.68079714532164\n ],\n [\n -71.279296875,\n -44.496505331093466\n ],\n [\n -70.9716796875,\n -38.444984668894705\n ],\n [\n -69.873046875,\n -33.43144133557529\n ],\n [\n -68.291015625,\n -26.74561038219901\n ],\n [\n -66.9287109375,\n -22.715390019335942\n ],\n [\n -67.763671875,\n -22.79643932091949\n ],\n [\n -68.466796875,\n -19.352610894378625\n ],\n [\n -69.43359375,\n -17.434510551522894\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, W. D.","contributorId":75633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aguilar, Luis","contributorId":192543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aguilar","given":"Luis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70221202,"text":"70221202 - 1965 - Stratigraphy and heavy minerals of the bays formation, Bays Mountain synclinorium, northeast Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T21:33:21.794355","indexId":"70221202","displayToPublicDate":"1965-01-01T16:29:37","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphy and heavy minerals of the bays formation, Bays Mountain synclinorium, northeast Tennessee","docAbstract":"The Bays Mountain synclinorium is in the Valley and Ridge province in northeast Tennessee, southwest of Kingsport and west of Greeneville. The more clastic part of the Bays formation lies in the east section of the synclinorium. The thickness of the Bays decreases from about 870 feet on the east to about 600 feet on the west. Presumably, the red beds and primary features of the Bays formation formed under deltaic conditions. A Camarocladia Zone near its base indicates a time-transgression of the Bays. The Bays is older at the base to the east than at its base to the west. The heavy minerals of the Bays were compared with those of the Cambrian and Precambrian(?) sediments, volcanic rocks, and accessory minerals of the crystalline complex which now comprise the Blue Ridge. The minerals identified include nearly all those in the Cambrian and Precambrian(?) sediments as well as additional minerals not found in these older sediments but that are in the crystalline complex. Such minerals indicate that at least a part of the crystalline complex was above sea level during the Middle Ordovician.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1965)76[591:SAHMOT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Cummings, D., 1965, Stratigraphy and heavy minerals of the bays formation, Bays Mountain synclinorium, northeast Tennessee: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 76, no. 5, p. 591-600, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1965)76[591:SAHMOT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"591","endPage":"600","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386247,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"northeast Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.385986328125,\n 35.02999636902566\n ],\n [\n -82.63916015625,\n 36.05798104702501\n ],\n [\n -81.82617187499999,\n 36.28856319836237\n ],\n [\n -81.6064453125,\n 36.58024660149866\n ],\n [\n -82.85888671875,\n 36.62434536776987\n ],\n [\n -84.17724609375,\n 36.61552763134925\n ],\n [\n -85.166015625,\n 35.0120020431607\n ],\n [\n -84.385986328125,\n 35.02999636902566\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cummings, D.","contributorId":69705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cummings","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221201,"text":"70221201 - 1965 - Reprint system debated [7]","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T21:27:37.253897","indexId":"70221201","displayToPublicDate":"1965-01-01T16:25:06","publicationYear":"1965","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reprint system debated [7]","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.147.3659.679-a","usgsCitation":"Manheim, F.T., 1965, Reprint system debated [7]: Science, v. 147, no. 3659, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.147.3659.679-a.","productDescription":"1 p.","endPage":"679","numberOfPages":"679","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386246,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"147","issue":"3659","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manheim, Frank T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":20770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}