{"pageNumber":"666","pageRowStart":"16625","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40804,"records":[{"id":70045386,"text":"70045386 - 2013 - Book review: Biology and conservation of martens, sables, and fishers: A new synthesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T18:07:08","indexId":"70045386","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T07:45:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book review: Biology and conservation of martens, sables, and fishers: A new synthesis","docAbstract":"<p>Mammals of the genus <i>Martes</i>, including martens, sables, and fishers, are mid-sized carnivores inhabiting many forested ecosystems throughout regions of North America, Europe, and Asia. This volume provides a comprehensive synthesis of the current state of knowledge pertaining to the biology and conservation of <i>Martes</i> species throughout the world. This volume will be an essential resource for mammalogists, resource managers, and applied ecologists involved in research or conservation of martens, sables, and fishers. For that matter, anyone seeking a full immersion in the modern world of <i>Martes</i> biology and conservation will not be disappointed. The volume has been carefully edited and reviewed, and the thoroughness with which the authors present and interpret recent advances in their specialty areas is really quite impressive.</p>\n<p><span>Review info:</span><i>&nbsp;Biology and conservation of martens, sables, and fishers: A new synthesis.</i><span>&nbsp;Edited by K.B. Aubry, W.J. Zielinski, M.G. Raphael, G. Proulx, and S.W. Buskirk, 2012. ISBN: 978-08014, 580pp.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Scientific Association","doi":"10.3955/046.087.0208","usgsCitation":"Jenkins, K.J., 2013, Book review: Biology and conservation of martens, sables, and fishers: A new synthesis: Northwest Science, v. 87, no. 2, p. 185-187, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.087.0208.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"187","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044211","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320542,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571f3fb0e4b071321fe56a04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenkins, Kurt J. 0000-0003-1415-6607 kurt_jenkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1415-6607","contributorId":3415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Kurt","email":"kurt_jenkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70043348,"text":"70043348 - 2013 - Biodiversity losses and conservation trade-offs: Assessing future urban growth scenarios for a North American trade corridor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-27T11:11:06","indexId":"70043348","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2029,"text":"International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biodiversity losses and conservation trade-offs: Assessing future urban growth scenarios for a North American trade corridor","docAbstract":"The Sonoran Desert and Apache Highlands ecoregions of North America are areas of exceptionally high plant and vertebrate biodiversity. However, much of the vertebrate biodiversity is supported by only a few vegetation types with limited distributions, some of which are increasingly threatened by changing land uses. We assessed the impacts of two future urban growth scenarios on biodiversity in a binational watershed in Arizona, USA and Sonora, Mexico. We quantified and mapped terrestrial vertebrate species richness using Wildlife Habitat Relation models and validated the results with data from National Park Service biological inventories. Future urban growth, based on historical trends, was projected to the year 2050 for 1) a “Current Trends” scenario and, 2) a “Megalopolis” scenario that represented a transnational growth corridor with open-space conservation attributes. Based on Current Trends, 45% of existing riparian woodland (267 of 451species), and 34% of semi-desert grasslands (215 of 451 species) will be lost, whereas, in the Megalopolis scenario, these types would decline by 44% and 24% respectively. Outcomes of the two models suggest a trade-off at the taxonomic class level: Current Trends would reduce and fragment mammal and herpetofauna habitat, while Megalopolis would result in loss of avian-rich riparian habitat.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/21513732.2013.770800","usgsCitation":"Villarreal, M.L., Norman, L.M., Wallace, C., and Boykin, K.G., 2013, Biodiversity losses and conservation trade-offs: Assessing future urban growth scenarios for a North American trade corridor: International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services and Management, v. 9, no. 2, p. 90-103, https://doi.org/10.1080/21513732.2013.770800.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"90","endPage":"103","ipdsId":"IP-035555","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21513732.2013.770800","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":267585,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269905,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21513732.2013.770800"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"511f6709e4b03b29402c5da0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Villarreal, Miguel L. 0000-0003-0720-1422 mvillarreal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0720-1422","contributorId":1424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villarreal","given":"Miguel","email":"mvillarreal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norman, Laura M. 0000-0002-3696-8406 lnorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-8406","contributorId":967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Laura","email":"lnorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wallace, Cynthia S.A. cwallace@usgs.gov","contributorId":3335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Cynthia S.A.","email":"cwallace@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boykin, Kenneth G. 0000-0001-6381-0463","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6381-0463","contributorId":43651,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boykin","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70043057,"text":"ofr20131006 - 2013 - A preliminary deposit model for lithium brines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-31T12:38:24","indexId":"ofr20131006","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1006","title":"A preliminary deposit model for lithium brines","docAbstract":"<p>This report is part of an effort by the U.S. Geological Survey to update existing mineral deposit models and to develop new ones. The global transition away from hydrocarbons toward energy alternatives increases demand for many scarce metals. Among these is lithium, a key component of lithium-ion batteries for electric and hybrid vehicles. Lithium brine deposits account for about three-fourths of the world&rsquo;s lithium production. Updating an earlier deposit model, we emphasize geologic information that might directly or indirectly help in exploration for lithium brine deposits, or for assessing regions for mineral resource potential. Special attention is given to the best-known deposit in the world&mdash;Clayton Valley, Nevada, and to the giant Salar de Atacama, Chile.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131006","usgsCitation":"Bradley, D., Munk, L., Jochens, H., Hynek, S., and Labay, K., 2013, A preliminary deposit model for lithium brines: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1006, iii, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131006.","productDescription":"iii, 6 p.","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266894,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2013_1006.gif"},{"id":266892,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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,{"id":70045510,"text":"70045510 - 2013 - Plausible combinations: An improved method to evaluate the covariate structure of Cormack-Jolly-Seber mark-recapture models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-21T13:20:45","indexId":"70045510","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2949,"text":"Open Journal Of Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Plausible combinations: An improved method to evaluate the covariate structure of Cormack-Jolly-Seber mark-recapture models","docAbstract":"Mark-recapture models are extensively used in quantitative population ecology, providing estimates of population vital rates, such as survival, that are difficult to obtain using other methods. Vital rates are commonly modeled as functions of explanatory covariates, adding considerable flexibility to mark-recapture models, but also increasing the subjectivity and complexity of the modeling process. Consequently, model selection and the evaluation of covariate structure remain critical aspects of mark-recapture modeling. The difficulties involved in model selection are compounded in Cormack-Jolly- Seber models because they are composed of separate sub-models for survival and recapture probabilities, which are conceptualized independently even though their parameters are not statistically independent. The construction of models as combinations of sub-models, together with multiple potential covariates, can lead to a large model set. Although desirable, estimation of the parameters of all models may not be feasible. Strategies to search a model space and base inference on a subset of all models exist and enjoy widespread use. However, even though the methods used to search a model space can be expected to influence parameter estimation, the assessment of covariate importance, and therefore the ecological interpretation of the modeling results, the performance of these strategies has received limited investigation. We present a new strategy for searching the space of a candidate set of Cormack-Jolly-Seber models and explore its performance relative to existing strategies using computer simulation. The new strategy provides an improved assessment of the importance of covariates and covariate combinations used to model survival and recapture probabilities, while requiring only a modest increase in the number of models on which inference is based in comparison to existing techniques.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Open Journal Of Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Scientific Research Publishing (SCIRP)","doi":"10.4236/oje.2013.31002","usgsCitation":"Bromaghin, J.F., McDonald, T.L., and Amstrup, S.C., 2013, Plausible combinations: An improved method to evaluate the covariate structure of Cormack-Jolly-Seber mark-recapture models: Open Journal Of Ecology, v. 3, no. 1, p. 11-22, https://doi.org/10.4236/oje.2013.31002.","startPage":"11","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"12","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042691","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/oje.2013.31002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":271382,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271381,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oje.2013.31002"}],"volume":"3","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51765bebe4b0f989f99e010f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bromaghin, Jeffrey F. 0000-0002-7209-9500 jbromaghin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7209-9500","contributorId":139899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bromaghin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jbromaghin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonald, Trent L.","contributorId":92193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonald","given":"Trent","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6660,"text":"Western EcoSystems Technology, Inc","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":477675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":477674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70043370,"text":"70043370 - 2013 - Towards integration of GLAS data into a national fuels mapping program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-30T12:17:31","indexId":"70043370","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Towards integration of GLAS data into a national fuels mapping program","docAbstract":"Comprehensive canopy structure and fuel data are critical for understanding and modeling wildland fire. The LANDFIRE project produces such data nationwide based on a collection of field observations, Landsat imagery, and other geospatial data. Where field data are not available, alternate strategies are being investigated. In this study, vegetation structure data available from GLAS were used to fill this data gap for the Yukon Flats Ecoregion of interior Alaska. The GLAS-derived structure and fuel layers and the original LANDFIRE layers were subsequently used as inputs into a fire behavior model to determine what effect the revised inputs would have on the model outputs. The outputs showed that inclusion of the GLAS data enabled better landscape-level characterization of\nvegetation structure and therefore enabled a broader wildland fire modeling capability. The results of this work underscore how GLAS data can be incorporated into LANDFIRE canopy structure and fuel mapping.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry","usgsCitation":"Peterson, B.E., Nelson, K., and Wylie, B., 2013, Towards integration of GLAS data into a national fuels mapping program: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 79, no. 2, p. 175-183.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"175","endPage":"183","ipdsId":"IP-038047","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273015,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.conservationgateway.org/ConservationPractices/FireLandscapes/LANDFIRE/Documents/Peterson%20et%20all%20GLAS%20and%20Fuel%20Mapping.pdf"},{"id":273016,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Flats Ecoregion","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -149.55,65.47 ], [ -149.55,67.47 ], [ -142.43,67.47 ], [ -142.43,65.47 ], [ -149.55,65.47 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"79","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a874ece4b082d85d5ed90a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, Birgit E. 0000-0002-4356-1540 bpeterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4356-1540","contributorId":3599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Birgit","email":"bpeterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, Kurtis 0000-0003-4911-4511 knelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4911-4511","contributorId":3602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Kurtis","email":"knelson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce 0000-0002-7374-1083","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":107996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70043058,"text":"ofr20131008 - 2013 - A preliminary deposit model for lithium-cesium-tantalum (LCT) pegmatites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-21T09:41:03","indexId":"ofr20131008","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1008","title":"A preliminary deposit model for lithium-cesium-tantalum (LCT) pegmatites","docAbstract":"This report is part of an effort by the U.S. Geological Survey to update existing mineral deposit models and to develop new ones. We emphasize practical aspects of pegmatite geology that might directly or indirectly help in exploration for lithium-cesium-tantalum (LCT) pegmatites, or for assessing regions for pegmatite-related mineral resource potential. These deposits are an important link in the world’s supply chain of rare and strategic elements, accounting for about one-third of world lithium production, most of the tantalum, and all of the cesium.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131008","usgsCitation":"Bradley, D., and McCauley, A., 2013, A preliminary deposit model for lithium-cesium-tantalum (LCT) pegmatites (Version 1.0: February 1, 2013; Version 1.1: December 20, 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1008, iii, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131008.","productDescription":"iii, 7 p.","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266897,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1008/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":266895,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1008/"},{"id":266896,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1008/OF13-1008.pdf"},{"id":332288,"rank":4,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1008/versionHist.txt","text":"Version History","size":"1.0 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"OFR 2013-1008 Version History"}],"edition":"Version 1.0: February 1, 2013; Version 1.1: December 20, 2016","revisedDate":"2016-12-20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510ce3ede4b0ae2ee50d95e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Dwight","contributorId":32641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Dwight","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCauley, Andrew","contributorId":48846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCauley","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70043583,"text":"70043583 - 2013 - Frequency and Severity of Trauma in Fishes Subjected to Multiple-pass Depletion Electrofishing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-17T19:49:21","indexId":"70043583","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Frequency and Severity of Trauma in Fishes Subjected to Multiple-pass Depletion Electrofishing","docAbstract":"The incidence and severity of trauma associated with multiple-pass electrofishing and the effects on short-term (30-d) survival and growth of Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis, and five representative co-inhabiting nontarget or bycatch species were examined. Fish were held in four rectangular fiberglass tanks (190 × 66 cm) equipped with electrodes, a gravel–cobble stream substrate, and continuous water flow. Fish were exposed to one, two, or three electroshocks (100-V, 60-Hz pulsed DC) spaced 1 h apart or were held as a control. The heterogeneous field produced a mean (±SD) voltage gradient of 0.23 ± 0.024 V/cm (range = 0.20–0.30 V/cm) with a duty cycle of 30% and a 5-s exposure. Radiographs of 355 fish were examined for evidence of spinal injuries, and necropsies were performed on 303 fish to assess hemorrhagic trauma in soft tissue. Using linear regression, we demonstrated significant relationships between the number of electrical shocks and the frequency and severity of hemorrhagic and spinal trauma in each of the nontarget species (Potomac Sculpin Cottus girardi, Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus, Fathead Minnow Pimephales promelas, Green Sunfish Lepomis cyanellus, and Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides). Most of the injuries in these species were either minor or moderate. Rainbow Trout and Brook Trout generally sustained the highest incidence and severity of injuries, but those injuries were generally independent of the number of treatments. The 30-d postshock survival for the trout species was greater than 94%; survival for the bycatch species ranged from 80% (Fathead Minnow) to 100% (Green Sunfish and Channel Catfish). There were no significant differences in 30-d postshock condition factors despite observations of altered feeding behavior lasting several days to 1 week posttreatment in several of the study species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2012.754803","usgsCitation":"Panek, F., and Densmore, C.L., 2013, Frequency and Severity of Trauma in Fishes Subjected to Multiple-pass Depletion Electrofishing: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 33, no. 1, p. 178-185, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2012.754803.","startPage":"178","endPage":"185","ipdsId":"IP-041634","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267611,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2012.754803"},{"id":267612,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"512209f0e4b0b37542fda866","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Panek, Frank fpanek@usgs.gov","contributorId":791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Panek","given":"Frank","email":"fpanek@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":473894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Densmore, Christine L. 0000-0001-6440-0781 cdensmore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6440-0781","contributorId":4560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"Christine","email":"cdensmore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70044793,"text":"70044793 - 2013 - Identification of contamination in a lake sediment core using Hg and Pb isotopic compositions, Lake Ballinger, Washington, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-30T09:04:46","indexId":"70044793","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identification of contamination in a lake sediment core using Hg and Pb isotopic compositions, Lake Ballinger, Washington, USA","docAbstract":"Concentrations and isotopic compositions of Hg and Pb were measured in a sediment core collected from Lake Ballinger, near Seattle, Washington, USA. Lake Ballinger has been affected by input of metal contaminants emitted from the Tacoma smelter, which operated from 1887 to 1986 and was located about 53 km south of the lake. Concentrations and loadings of Hg and Pb in Lake Ballinger increased by as much as three orders of magnitude during the period of smelting as compared to the pre-smelting period. Concentrations and loadings of Hg and Pb then decreased by about 55% and 75%, respectively, after smelting ended. Isotopic compositions of Hg changed considerably during the period of smelting (δ<sup>202</sup>Hg = −2.29‰ to −0.38‰, mean −1.23‰, n = 9) compared to the pre-smelting period (δ<sup>202</sup>Hg = −2.91‰ to −2.50‰, mean −2.75‰, n = 4). Variations were also observed in <sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>207</sup>Pb and <sup>208</sup>Pb/<sup>207</sup>Pb isotopic compositions during these periods. Data for Δ<sup>199</sup>Hg and Δ<sup>201</sup>Hg indicate mass independent fractionation (MIF) of Hg isotopes in Lake Ballinger sediment during the smelting and post-smelting period and suggest MIF in the ore smelted, during the smelting process, or chemical modification at some point in the past. Negative values for Δ<sup>199</sup>Hg and Δ<sup>201</sup>Hg for the pre-smelting period are similar to those previously reported for soil, peat, and lichen, likely suggesting some component of atmospheric Hg. Variations in the concentrations and isotopic compositions of Hg and Pb were useful in tracing contaminant sources and the understanding of the depositional history of sedimentation in Lake Ballinger.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2012.12.001","usgsCitation":"Gray, J.E., Pribil, M., Van Metre, P., Borrok, D.M., and Thapalia, A., 2013, Identification of contamination in a lake sediment core using Hg and Pb isotopic compositions, Lake Ballinger, Washington, USA: Applied Geochemistry, v. 29, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2012.12.001.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","ipdsId":"IP-026930","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273001,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2012.12.001"},{"id":273002,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Hall Creek;Lake Ballinger;Tacoma Smelter","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.82,47.16 ], [ -122.82,48.22 ], [ -121.98,48.22 ], [ -121.98,47.16 ], [ -122.82,47.16 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a874e6e4b082d85d5ed8a4","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2012.12.001","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2012.12.001","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Gray John E., Pribil Michael J., Van Metre Peter C., Borrok David M., Thapalia Anita","journalName":"Applied Geochemistry","publicationDate":"2/2013","auditedOn":"11/1/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, John E. jgray@usgs.gov","contributorId":1275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"John","email":"jgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pribil, Michael J.","contributorId":62115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pribil","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Metre, Peter C.","contributorId":34104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Metre","given":"Peter C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Borrok, David M.","contributorId":26056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borrok","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thapalia, Anita","contributorId":38270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thapalia","given":"Anita","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70043177,"text":"70043177 - 2013 - Mapping grassland productivity with 250-m eMODIS NDVI and SSURGO database over the Greater Platte River Basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-07T08:04:12","indexId":"70043177","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping grassland productivity with 250-m eMODIS NDVI and SSURGO database over the Greater Platte River Basin, USA","docAbstract":"This study assessed and described a relationship between satellite-derived growing season averaged Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and annual productivity for grasslands within the Greater Platte River Basin (GPRB) of the United States. We compared growing season averaged NDVI (GSN) with Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database rangeland productivity and flux tower Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) for grassland areas. The GSN was calculated for each of nine years (2000–2008) using the 7-day composite 250-m eMODIS (expedited Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) NDVI data. Strong correlations exist between the nine-year mean GSN (MGSN) and SSURGO annual productivity for grasslands (R2 = 0.74 for approximately 8000 pixels randomly selected from eight homogeneous regions within the GPRB; R2 = 0.96 for the 14 cluster-averaged points). Results also reveal a strong correlation between GSN and flux tower growing season averaged GPP (R2 = 0.71). Finally, we developed an empirical equation to estimate grassland productivity based on the MGSN. Spatially explicit estimates of grassland productivity over the GPRB were generated, which improved the regional consistency of SSURGO grassland productivity data and can help scientists and land managers to better understand the actual biophysical and ecological characteristics of grassland systems in the GPRB. This final estimated grassland production map can also be used as an input for biogeochemical, ecological, and climate change models.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Indicators","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.05.024","usgsCitation":"Gu, Y., Wylie, B.K., and Bliss, N.B., 2013, Mapping grassland productivity with 250-m eMODIS NDVI and SSURGO database over the Greater Platte River Basin, USA: Ecological Indicators, v. 24, p. 31-36, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.05.024.","startPage":"31","endPage":"36","ipdsId":"IP-030210","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270619,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270618,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.05.024"}],"country":"United States","volume":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5162956fe4b0c25842758d03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gu, Yingxin 0000-0002-3544-1856 ygu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3544-1856","contributorId":409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gu","given":"Yingxin","email":"ygu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bliss, Norman B. 0000-0003-2409-5211 bliss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2409-5211","contributorId":1921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bliss","given":"Norman","email":"bliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70038472,"text":"70038472 - 2013 - Late quaternary slip-rate variations along the Warm Springs Valley fault system, northern Walker Lane, California-Nevada border","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-11T17:08:53.632551","indexId":"70038472","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late quaternary slip-rate variations along the Warm Springs Valley fault system, northern Walker Lane, California-Nevada border","docAbstract":"<p>The extent to which faults exhibit temporally varying slip rates has important consequences for models of fault mechanics and probabilistic seismic hazard. Here, we explore the temporal behavior of the dextral‐slip Warm Springs Valley fault system, which is part of a network of closely spaced (10–20 km) faults in the northern Walker Lane (California–Nevada border). We develop a late Quaternary slip record for the fault using Quaternary mapping and high‐resolution topographic data from airborne Light Distance and Ranging (LiDAR). The faulted Fort Sage alluvial fan (40.06° N, 119.99° W) is dextrally displaced 98+42/-43 m, and we estimate the age of the alluvial fan to be 41.4+10.0/-4.8 to 55.7±9.2  ka, based on a terrestrial cosmogenic <sup>10</sup>Be depth profile and <sup>36</sup>Cl analyses on basalt boulders, respectively. The displacement and age constraints for the fan yield a slip rate of 1.8 +0.8/-0.8 mm/yr to 2.4 +1.2/-1.1 mm/yr (2σ) along the northern Warm Springs Valley fault system for the past 41.4–55.7 ka. In contrast to this longer‐term slip rate, shorelines associated with the Sehoo highstand of Lake Lahontan (~15.8  ka) adjacent to the Fort Sage fan are dextrally faulted at most 3 m, which limits a maximum post‐15.8 ka slip rate to 0.2  mm/yr. These relations indicate that the post‐Lahontan slip rate on the fault is only about one‐tenth the longer‐term (41–56 ka) average slip rate. This apparent slip‐rate variation may be related to co‐dependent interaction with the nearby Honey Lake fault system, which shows evidence of an accelerated period of mid‐Holocene earthquakes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120120020","usgsCitation":"Gold, R., dePolo, C., Briggs, R.W., Crone, A., and Goss, J., 2013, Late quaternary slip-rate variations along the Warm Springs Valley fault system, northern Walker Lane, California-Nevada border: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 103, no. 1, p. 542-558, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120120020.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"542","endPage":"558","ipdsId":"IP-038135","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267417,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Walker Lane","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.28106689453125,\n              39.74943369178247\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.74822998046875,\n              39.74943369178247\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.74822998046875,\n              40.02551125229787\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.28106689453125,\n              40.02551125229787\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.28106689453125,\n              39.74943369178247\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"103","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"511e158de4b071e86a19a463","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gold, Ryan","contributorId":97400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gold","given":"Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"dePolo, Craig","contributorId":87433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"dePolo","given":"Craig","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W. 0000-0001-8108-0046 rbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-0046","contributorId":4136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard","email":"rbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crone, Anthony","contributorId":20624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crone","given":"Anthony","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goss, John","contributorId":240591,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goss","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70043780,"text":"70043780 - 2013 - Rapid increases and time-lagged declines in amphibian occupancy after wildfire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-07T10:14:21","indexId":"70043780","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid increases and time-lagged declines in amphibian occupancy after wildfire","docAbstract":"Climate change is expected to increase the frequency and severity of drought and wildfire. Aquatic and moisture-sensitive species, such as amphibians, may be particularly vulnerable to these modified disturbance regimes because large wildfires often occur during extended droughts and thus may compound environmental threats. However, understanding of the effects of wildfires on amphibians in forests with long fire-return intervals is limited. Numerous stand-replacing wildfires have occurred since 1988 in Glacier National Park (Montana, U.S.A.), where we have conducted long-term monitoring of amphibians. We measured responses of 3 amphibian species to fires of different sizes, severity, and age in a small geographic area with uniform management. We used data from wetlands associated with 6 wildfires that burned between 1988 and 2003 to evaluate whether burn extent and severity and interactions between wildfire and wetland isolation affected the distribution of breeding populations. We measured responses with models that accounted for imperfect detection to estimate occupancy during prefire (0-4 years) and different postfire recovery periods. For the long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) and Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris), occupancy was not affected for 6 years after wildfire. But 7-21 years after wildfire, occupancy for both species decreased ≥ 25% in areas where >50% of the forest within 500 m of wetlands burned. In contrast, occupancy of the boreal toad (Anaxyrus boreas) tripled in the 3 years after low-elevation forests burned. This increase in occupancy was followed by a gradual decline. Our results show that accounting for magnitude of change and time lags is critical to understanding population dynamics of amphibians after large disturbances. Our results also inform understanding of the potential threat of increases in wildfire frequency or severity to amphibians in the region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2012.01921.x","usgsCitation":"Hossack, B.R., Lowe, W., and Corn, P., 2013, Rapid increases and time-lagged declines in amphibian occupancy after wildfire: Conservation Biology, v. 27, no. 1, p. 219-228, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2012.01921.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"228","ipdsId":"IP-035616","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273437,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273436,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2012.01921.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -11.067777777777778,4.133888888888889 ], [ -11.067777777777778,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -11.050555555555556,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -11.050555555555556,4.133888888888889 ], [ -11.067777777777778,4.133888888888889 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b300e5e4b01368e589e3ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564 blake_hossack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":1177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake","email":"blake_hossack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowe, Winsor H.","contributorId":64532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lowe","given":"Winsor H.","affiliations":[{"id":5097,"text":"University of Montana, Division of Biological Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":474230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Corn, Paul Stephen 0000-0002-4106-6335","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-6335","contributorId":107379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corn","given":"Paul Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":474231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70043201,"text":"70043201 - 2013 - Use of classification trees to apportion single echo detections to species: Application to the pelagic fish community of Lake Superior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-03T10:56:30","indexId":"70043201","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of classification trees to apportion single echo detections to species: Application to the pelagic fish community of Lake Superior","docAbstract":"Acoustic methods are used to estimate the density of pelagic fish in large lakes with results of midwater trawling used to assign species composition. Apportionment in lakes having mixed species can be challenging because only a small fraction of the water sampled acoustically is sampled with trawl gear. Here we describe a new method where single echo detections (SEDs) are assigned to species based on classification tree models developed from catch data that separate species based on fish size and the spatial habitats they occupy. During the summer of 2011, we conducted a spatially-balanced lake-wide acoustic and midwater trawl survey of Lake Superior. A total of 51 sites in four bathymetric depth strata (0–30 m, 30–100 m, 100–200 m, and >200 m) were sampled. We developed classification tree models for each stratum and found fish length was the most important variable for separating species. To apply these trees to the acoustic data, we needed to identify a target strength to length (TS-to-L) relationship appropriate for all abundant Lake Superior pelagic species. We tested performance of 7 general (i.e., multi-species) relationships derived from three published studies. The best-performing relationship was identified by comparing predicted and observed catch compositions using a second independent Lake Superior data set. Once identified, the relationship was used to predict lengths of SEDs from the lake-wide survey, and the classification tree models were used to assign each SED to a species. Exotic rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) were the most common species at bathymetric depths <100 m with their population estimated at 755 million (3.4 kt). Kiyi (Coregonus kiyi) were the most abundant species at depths >100 m (384 million; 6.0 kt). Cisco (Coregonus artedi) were widely distributed over all strata with their population estimated at 182 million (44 kt). The apportionment method we describe should be transferable to other large lakes provided fish are not tightly aggregated, and an appropriate TS-to-L relationship for abundant pelagic fish species can be determined.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2012.12.012","usgsCitation":"Yule, D., Adams, J.V., Hrabik, T.R., Vinson, M., Woiak, Z., and Ahrenstroff, T.D., 2013, Use of classification trees to apportion single echo detections to species: Application to the pelagic fish community of Lake Superior: Fisheries Research, v. 140, p. 123-132, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2012.12.012.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"132","ipdsId":"IP-043013","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273087,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273085,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2012.12.012"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Superior","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -89.562,46.4146 ], [ -89.562,48.8488 ], [ -84.354,48.8488 ], [ -84.354,46.4146 ], [ -89.562,46.4146 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"140","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51adbaebe4b07c214e64bd4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yule, Daniel L.","contributorId":92130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yule","given":"Daniel L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hrabik, Thomas R.","contributorId":35614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hrabik","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":473154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vinson, Mark R.","contributorId":91774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vinson","given":"Mark R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Woiak, Zebadiah","contributorId":37232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woiak","given":"Zebadiah","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ahrenstroff, Tyler D.","contributorId":64540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahrenstroff","given":"Tyler","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70044050,"text":"70044050 - 2013 - Rupture history of the 2008 <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> 7.9 Wenchuan, China, earthquake: Evaluation of separate and joint inversions of geodetic, teleseismic, and strong-motion data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-27T16:01:18","indexId":"70044050","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rupture history of the 2008 <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> 7.9 Wenchuan, China, earthquake: Evaluation of separate and joint inversions of geodetic, teleseismic, and strong-motion data","docAbstract":"<p>An extensive data set of teleseismic and strong-motion waveforms and geodetic offsets is used to study the rupture history of the 2008 Wenchuan, China, earthquake. A linear multiple-time-window approach is used to parameterize the rupture. Because of the complexity of the Wenchuan faulting, three separate planes are used to represent the rupturing surfaces. This earthquake clearly demonstrates the strengths and limitations of geodetic, teleseismic, and strong-motion data sets. Geodetic data (static offsets) are valuable for determining the distribution of shallower slip but are insensitive to deeper faulting and reveal nothing about the timing of slip. Teleseismic data in the distance range 30&deg;&ndash;90&deg; generally involve no modeling difficulties because of simple ray paths and can distinguish shallow from deep slip. Teleseismic data, however, cannot distinguish between different slip scenarios when multiple fault planes are involved because steep takeoff angles lead to ambiguity in timing. Local strong-motion data, on the other hand, are ideal for determining the direction of rupture from directivity but can easily be over modeled with inaccurate Green&rsquo;s functions, leading to misinterpretation of the slip distribution. We show that all three data sets are required to give an accurate description of the Wenchuan rupture. The moment is estimated to be approximately 1.0 &times; 10<sup>21</sup> N &middot; m with the slip characterized by multiple large patches with slips up to 10 m. Rupture initiates on the southern end of the Pengguan fault and proceeds unilaterally to the northeast. Upon reaching the cross-cutting Xiaoyudong fault, rupture of the adjacent Beichuan fault starts at this juncture and proceeds bilaterally to the northeast and southwest.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Stanford","doi":"10.1785/0120120108","usgsCitation":"Hartzell, S.H., Mendoza, C., Ramírez-Guzmán, L., Zeng, Y., and Mooney, W., 2013, Rupture history of the 2008 <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> 7.9 Wenchuan, China, earthquake: Evaluation of separate and joint inversions of geodetic, teleseismic, and strong-motion data: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 103, no. 1, p. 353-370, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120120108.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"353","endPage":"370","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038915","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273330,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273328,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120120108"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Wenchuan","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              101.8487548828125,\n              31.891550612684366\n            ],\n            [\n              102.89794921875,\n              32.43561304116276\n            ],\n            [\n              103.612060546875,\n              32.52365781569917\n            ],\n            [\n              104.23278808593749,\n              32.25462006000722\n            ],\n            [\n              104.6173095703125,\n              31.83089906339438\n            ],\n            [\n              104.0240478515625,\n              31.31140838620163\n            ],\n            [\n              103.45275878906249,\n              30.779598396611537\n            ],\n            [\n              103.2989501953125,\n              30.37761431777479\n            ],\n            [\n              102.227783203125,\n              30.443937998291165\n            ],\n            [\n              101.876220703125,\n              30.954057859276126\n            ],\n            [\n              101.8487548828125,\n              31.891550612684366\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"103","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b05dede4b030b5198012ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartzell, Stephen H. 0000-0003-0858-9043 shartzell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0858-9043","contributorId":2594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartzell","given":"Stephen","email":"shartzell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mendoza, Carlos","contributorId":10313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendoza","given":"Carlos","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramírez-Guzmán, Leonardo","contributorId":45946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramírez-Guzmán","given":"Leonardo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zeng, Yuesha","contributorId":52068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeng","given":"Yuesha","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mooney, Walter","contributorId":40952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70140760,"text":"70140760 - 2013 - Shifts in stable-isotope signatures confirm parasitic relationship of freshwater mussel glochidia attached to host fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-11T13:46:28","indexId":"70140760","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2393,"text":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shifts in stable-isotope signatures confirm parasitic relationship of freshwater mussel glochidia attached to host fish","docAbstract":"<p><span>The parasitic nature of the association between glochidia of unionoidean bivalves and their host fish (i.e. the role of fish hosts in providing nutritional resources to the developing glochidia) is still uncertain. While previous work has provided descriptions of development of glochidia on fish hosts, earlier studies have not explicitly documented the flow of nutrition from the host fish to the juvenile mussel. Therefore, our objective was to use stable isotope analysis to quantitatively document nutrient flow between fish and glochidia. Glochidia were collected from nine adult&nbsp;</span><i>Lampsilis cardium</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and used to inoculate<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Micropterus salmoides</i><span>(</span><i>n</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>= 27; three fish per maternal mussel) that produced juvenile mussels for the experiment. Adult mussel tissue samples, glochidia, transformed juvenile mussels and fish gill tissues were analysed for<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>&delta;</i><sup>15</sup><span>N and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>&delta;</i><sup>13</sup><span>C isotope ratios. We used a linear mixing model to estimate the fraction of juvenile mussel tissue derived from the host fish's tissue during attachment. Our analyses indicate a distinct shift in both C and N isotopic ratios from the glochidial stage to the juvenile stage during mussel attachment and development. Linear mixing model analysis indicated that 57.4% of the<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>&delta;</i><sup>15</sup><span>N in juvenile tissues were obtained from the host fish. This work provides novel evidence that larval unionoideans are true parasites that derive nutrition from host fish during their metamorphosis into the juvenile stage.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/mollus/eyt008","usgsCitation":"Fritts, M.W., Fritts, A., Carleton, S.A., and Bringolf, R.B., 2013, Shifts in stable-isotope signatures confirm parasitic relationship of freshwater mussel glochidia attached to host fish: Journal of Molluscan Studies, v. 79, no. 2, p. 163-167, https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyt008.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"167","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041462","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488324,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyt008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297922,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c52e4b08de9379b372f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fritts, Mark W.","contributorId":139239,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fritts","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fritts, Andrea K.","contributorId":139240,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fritts","given":"Andrea K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carleton, Scott A. 0000-0001-9609-650X scarleton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9609-650X","contributorId":4060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carleton","given":"Scott","email":"scarleton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bringolf, Robert B.","contributorId":139241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bringolf","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70193602,"text":"70193602 - 2013 - The utility of atmospheric analyses for the mitigation of artifacts in InSAR","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T16:06:14","indexId":"70193602","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The utility of atmospheric analyses for the mitigation of artifacts in InSAR","docAbstract":"<p><span>The numerical weather models (NWMs) developed by the meteorological community are able to provide accurate analyses of the current state of the atmosphere in addition to the predictions of the future state. To date, most attempts to apply the NWMs to estimate the refractivity of the atmosphere at the time of satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data acquisitions have relied on predictive models. We test the hypothesis that performing a final assimilative routine, ingesting all available meteorological observations for the times of SAR acquisitions, and generating customized analyses of the atmosphere at those times will better mitigate atmospheric artifacts in differential interferograms. We find that, for our study area around Mount St. Helens (Amboy, Washington, USA), this approach is unable to model the refractive changes and provides no mean benefit for interferogram analysis. The performance is improved slightly by ingesting atmospheric delay estimates derived from the limited local GPS network; however, the addition of water vapor products from the GOES satellites reduces the quality of the corrections. We interpret our results to indicate that, even with this advanced approach, NWMs are not a reliable mitigation technique for regions such as Mount St. Helens with highly variable moisture fields and complex topography and atmospheric dynamics. It is possible, however, that the addition of more spatially dense meteorological data to constrain the analyses might significantly improve the performance of weather modeling of atmospheric artifacts in satellite radar interferograms.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/jgrb.50093","usgsCitation":"Foster, J., Kealy, J., Cherubini, T., Businger, S., Lu, Z., and Murphy, M., 2013, The utility of atmospheric analyses for the mitigation of artifacts in InSAR: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 118, no. 2, p. 748-758, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50093.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"748","endPage":"758","ipdsId":"IP-044768","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496358,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11603/40220","text":"External Repository"},{"id":348134,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"118","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2eaee4b0531197b27fe4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, James","contributorId":38598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kealy, John","contributorId":199761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kealy","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cherubini, Tiziana","contributorId":199762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cherubini","given":"Tiziana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Businger, S.","contributorId":65331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Businger","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":719967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Murphy, Michael","contributorId":199763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70176182,"text":"70176182 - 2013 - Mapping river bathymetry with a small footprint green LiDAR:  Applications and challenges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-07T14:45:13","indexId":"70176182","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping river bathymetry with a small footprint green LiDAR:  Applications and challenges","docAbstract":"Airborne bathymetric Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) systems designed for coastal and marine surveys are increasingly sought after for high-resolution mapping of fluvial systems. To evaluate the potential utility of bathymetric LiDAR for applications of this kind, we compared detailed surveys collected using wading and sonar techniques with measurements from the United States Geological Survey’s hybrid topographic⁄ bathymetric Experimental Advanced Airborne Research LiDAR (EAARL). These comparisons, based upon data collected from the Trinity and Klamath Rivers, California, and the Colorado River, Colorado, demonstrated\nthat environmental conditions and postprocessing algorithms can influence the accuracy and utility of these surveys and must be given consideration. These factors can lead to mapping errors that can have a direct bearing on derivative analyses such as hydraulic modeling and habitat assessment. We discuss the water and substrate characteristics of the sites, compare the conventional and remotely sensed river-bed topographies, and investigate the laser waveforms reflected from submerged targets to provide an evaluation as to the suitability and accuracy of the EAARL system and associated processing algorithms for riverine mapping applications.","language":"English","publisher":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/jawr.12008","usgsCitation":"Kinzel, P.J., Legleiter, C.J., and Nelson, J.M., 2013, Mapping river bathymetry with a small footprint green LiDAR:  Applications and challenges: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 49, no. 1, p. 183-204, https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12008.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"204","ipdsId":"IP-038143","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328152,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c7ffbae4b0f2f0cebfc2f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinzel, Paul J. 0000-0002-6076-9730 pjkinzel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-9730","contributorId":743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinzel","given":"Paul","email":"pjkinzel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Legleiter, Carl J. 0000-0003-0940-8013 cjl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-8013","contributorId":169002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legleiter","given":"Carl","email":"cjl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-7632-8526 jmn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7632-8526","contributorId":2812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Jonathan","email":"jmn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70043032,"text":"ds709L - 2013 - Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Nalbandon mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter L in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-01T11:11:56","indexId":"ds709L","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"709","chapter":"L","title":"Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Nalbandon mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter L in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense Task Force for Business and Stability Operations, prepared databases for mineral-resource target areas in Afghanistan. The purpose of the databases is to (1) provide useful data to ground-survey crews for use in performing detailed assessments of the areas and (2) provide useful information to private investors who are considering investment in a particular area for development of its natural resources. The set of satellite-image mosaics provided in this Data Series (DS) is one such database. Although airborne digital color-infrared imagery was acquired for parts of Afghanistan in 2006, the image data have radiometric variations that preclude their use in creating a consistent image mosaic for geologic analysis. Consequently, image mosaics were created using ALOS (Advanced Land Observation Satellite; renamed Daichi) satellite images, whose radiometry has been well determined (Saunier, 2007a,b). This part of the DS consists of the locally enhanced ALOS image mosaics for the Nalbandon mineral district, which has lead and zinc deposits. ALOS was launched on January 24, 2006, and provides multispectral images from the AVNIR (Advanced Visible and Near-Infrared Radiometer) sensor in blue (420–500 nanometer, nm), green (520–600 nm), red (610–690 nm), and near-infrared (760–890 nm) wavelength bands with an 8-bit dynamic range and a 10-meter (m) ground resolution. The satellite also provides a panchromatic band image from the PRISM (Panchromatic Remote-sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping) sensor (520–770 nm) with the same dynamic range but a 2.5-m ground resolution. The image products in this DS incorporate copyrighted data provided by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (©JAXA, 2007, 2008, 2010), but the image processing has altered the original pixel structure and all image values of the JAXA ALOS data, such that original image values cannot be recreated from this DS. As such, the DS products match JAXA criteria for value added products, which are not copyrighted, according to the ALOS end-user license agreement. The selection criteria for the satellite imagery used in our mosaics were images having (1) the highest solar-elevation angles (near summer solstice) and (2) the least cloud, cloud-shadow, and snow cover. The multispectral and panchromatic data were orthorectified with ALOS satellite ephemeris data, a process which is not as accurate as orthorectification using digital elevation models (DEMs); however, the ALOS processing center did not have a precise DEM. As a result, the multispectral and panchromatic image pairs were generally not well registered to the surface and not coregistered well enough to perform resolution enhancement on the multispectral data. Therefore, it was necessary to (1) register the 10-m AVNIR multispectral imagery to a well-controlled Landsat image base, (2) mosaic the individual multispectral images into a single image of the entire area of interest, (3) register each panchromatic image to the registered multispectral image base, and (4) mosaic the individual panchromatic images into a single image of the entire area of interest. The two image-registration steps were facilitated using an automated control-point algorithm developed by the USGS that allows image coregistration to within one picture element. Before rectification, the multispectral and panchromatic images were converted to radiance values and then to relative-reflectance values using the methods described in Davis (2006). Mosaicking the multispectral or panchromatic images started with the image with the highest sun-elevation angle and the least atmospheric scattering, which was treated as the standard image. The band-reflectance values of all other multispectral or panchromatic images within the area were sequentially adjusted to that of the standard image by determining band-reflectance correspondence between overlapping images using linear least-squares analysis. The resolution of the multispectral image mosaic was then increased to that of the panchromatic image mosaic using the SPARKLE logic, which is described in Davis (2006). Each of the four-band images within the resolution-enhanced image mosaic was individually subjected to a local-area histogram stretch algorithm (described in Davis, 2007), which stretches each band’s picture element based on the digital values of all picture elements within a 500-m radius. The final databases, which are provided in this DS, are three-band, color-composite images of the local-area-enhanced, natural-color data (the blue, green, and red wavelength bands) and color-infrared data (the green, red, and near-infrared wavelength bands). All image data were initially projected and maintained in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) map projection using the target area’s local zone (41 for Nalbandon) and the WGS84 datum. The final image mosaics were subdivided into ten overlapping tiles or quadrants because of the large size of the target area. The ten image tiles (or quadrants) for the Nalbandon area are provided as embedded geotiff images, which can be read and used by most geographic information system (GIS) and image-processing software. The tiff world files (tfw) are provided, even though they are generally not needed for most software to read an embedded geotiff image. Within the Nalbandon study area, two subareas were designated for detailed field investigations (that is, the Nalbandon District and Gharghananaw-Gawmazar subareas); these subareas were extracted from the area’s image mosaic and are provided as separate embedded geotiff images.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan (DS 709)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds709L","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense <a href=\"http://tfbso.defense.gov/www/\" target=\"_blank\">Task Force for Business and Stability Operations</a> and the <a href=\"http://www.bgs.ac.uk/AfghanMinerals/\" target=\"_blank\">Afghanistan Geological Survey</a>.  This report is Chapter L in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>. For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ds709\" target=\"_blank\">Data Series 709</a>.","usgsCitation":"Davis, P.A., and Cagney, L.E., 2013, Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Nalbandon mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter L in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 709, Readme; 2 Maps: 11 x 8.5 inches and 68.21 x 31.13 inches; 24 Image Files; 24 Metadata Files; 1 Shapefile; DS 709, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds709L.","productDescription":"Readme; 2 Maps: 11 x 8.5 inches and 68.21 x 31.13 inches; 24 Image Files; 24 Metadata Files; 1 Shapefile; DS 709","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-01-24","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266830,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_709_l.jpg"},{"id":266825,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/l/index_maps/index_maps.html"},{"id":266819,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/l/"},{"id":266821,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/l/1_readme.txt"},{"id":266826,"type":{"id":14,"text":"Image"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/l/image_files/image_files.html"},{"id":266823,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/l/index_maps/Nalbandon_Area-of-Interest_Index_Map.pdf"},{"id":266824,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/l/index_maps/Nalbandon_Image_Index_Map.pdf"},{"id":266827,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/l/metadata/metadata.html"},{"id":266828,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/l/shapefiles/shapefiles.html"},{"id":266829,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/index.html"}],"country":"Afghanistan","otherGeospatial":"Nalbandon Mineral District","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 63.5,33.9 ], [ 63.5,34.5 ], [ 65.0,34.5 ], [ 65.0,33.9 ], [ 63.5,33.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510b927ee4b0947afa3c8548","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Philip A. pdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Philip","email":"pdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":472807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cagney, Laura E. 0000-0003-3282-2458 lcagney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3282-2458","contributorId":4744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cagney","given":"Laura","email":"lcagney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70043318,"text":"70043318 - 2013 - Wetland dynamics influence mid-continent duck recruitment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-23T15:35:16","indexId":"70043318","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Wetland dynamics influence mid-continent duck recruitment","docAbstract":"<p>Recruitment is a key factor influencing duck population dynamics. Understanding what regulates recruitment of ducks is a prerequisite to informed habitat and harvest management. Quantity of May ponds (MP) has been linked to recruitment and population size (Kaminski and Gluesing 1987, Raveling and Heitmeyer 1989). However, wetland productivity (quality) is driven by inter-annual hydrological fluctuations. Periodic drying of wetlands due to wet-dry climate cycles releases nutrients and increases invertebrate populations when wet conditions return (Euliss et al. 1999). Wetlands may also become wet or dry within a breeding season. Accordingly, inter-annual and intra-seasonal hydrologic variation potentially influence duck recruitment. Here, we examined influences of wetland quantity, quality, and intra-seasonal dynamics on recruitment of ducks. We indexed duck recruitment by vulnerability-corrected age ratios (juveniles/adult females) for mid-continent Gadwall (Anas strepera). We chose Gadwall because the majority of the continental population breeds in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR), where annual estimates of MP exist since 1974. We indexed wetland quality by calculating change in MP (?MP) over the past two years (?MP = 0.6[MPt &ndash; MPt-1] + 0.4[MPt &ndash; MPt-2]). We indexed intra-seasonal change in number of ponds by dividing the PPR mean standardized precipitation index for July by MP (hereafter summer index). MP and ?MP were positively correlated (r = 0.65); therefore, we calculated residual ?MP (?MPr) with a simple linear regression using MP, creating orthogonal variables. Finally, we conducted a multiple regression to examine how MP, ?MPr, and summer index explained variation in recruitment of Gadwall from 1976&ndash;2010. Our model explained 67% of the variation in mid-continent Gadwall recruitment and all three hydrologic indices were positively correlated with recruitment (Figure 1). Type II semi-partial R2 estimates indicated that MP accounted for 41%, ?MPr accounted for an additional 22%, and summer index accounted for the remaining 4% of the variation in recruitment. Our results are consistent with previous findings that quantity of MP was important for explaining variation in recruitment of ducks. However, our results also indicated that considering hydrologic dynamics was important for explaining recruitment. Additionally, the index for retention of MP within breeding year also was important, despite its coarse resolution as an average of precipitation events that can vary greatly spatially and in intensity within the PPR. Our results support the idea that wetland ecosystems in the PPR are ultimately regulated through bottom-up process driven by inter- and intra-annual hydrological dynamics. However from the ducks' perspective, hydrological dynamics could influence recruitment proximately through both bottom-up and top-down processes. Specifically, hydrological fluctuations may influence predator populations, prey switching by predators, or duckling vulnerability to predators (Cox et al. 1998). We will propose a conceptual model for understanding the potential role of bottom-up and top-down regulation of duck recruitment based on different hydrological contexts. Clearly, a better understanding of ultimate and proximate factors regulating duck recruitment would improve the effectiveness and efficiency of habitat conservation for ducks. Lastly, our findings could be used to improve models that predict fall flights for the purposes of informing harvest regulations.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of North American Duck Symposium and Workshop","conferenceTitle":"North American Duck Symposium and Workshop","conferenceDate":"January 27-31, 2013","conferenceLocation":"Memphis, TN","language":"English","publisher":"North American Duck Symposium and Workshop","usgsCitation":"Anteau, M.J., Pearse, A.T., and Szymankski, M.L., 2013, Wetland dynamics influence mid-continent duck recruitment, <i>in</i> Proceedings of North American Duck Symposium and Workshop, Memphis, TN, January 27-31, 2013, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038992","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324310,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576d083ae4b07657d1a3759a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anteau, Michael J. 0000-0002-5173-5870 manteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-5870","contributorId":3427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"Michael","email":"manteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearse, Aaron T. 0000-0002-6137-1556 apearse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-1556","contributorId":1772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Aaron","email":"apearse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Szymankski, Michael L.","contributorId":117689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szymankski","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":516496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70043052,"text":"ds709N - 2013 - Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Katawas mineral district in Afghanistan:  Chapter N in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-01T10:29:31","indexId":"ds709N","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"709","chapter":"N","title":"Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Katawas mineral district in Afghanistan:  Chapter N in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense Task Force for Business and Stability Operations, prepared databases for mineral-resource target areas in Afghanistan. The purpose of the databases is to (1) provide useful data to ground-survey crews for use in performing detailed assessments of the areas and (2) provide useful information to private investors who are considering investment in a particular area for development of its natural resources. The set of satellite-image mosaics provided in this Data Series (DS) is one such database. Although airborne digital color-infrared imagery was acquired for parts of Afghanistan in 2006, the image data have radiometric variations that preclude their use in creating a consistent image mosaic for geologic analysis. Consequently, image mosaics were created using ALOS (Advanced Land Observation Satellite; renamed Daichi) satellite images, whose radiometry has been well determined (Saunier, 2007a,b). This part of the DS consists of the locally enhanced ALOS image mosaics for the Katawas mineral district, which has gold deposits. ALOS was launched on January 24, 2006, and provides multispectral images from the AVNIR (Advanced Visible and Near-Infrared Radiometer) sensor in blue (420-500 nanometer, nm), green (520-600 nm), red (610-690 nm), and near-infrared (760-890 nm) wavelength bands with an 8-bit dynamic range and a 10-meter (m) ground resolution. The satellite also provides a panchromatic band image from the PRISM (Panchromatic Remote-sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping) sensor (520-770 nm) with the same dynamic range but a 2.5-m ground resolution. The image products in this DS incorporate copyrighted data provided by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (©AXA, 2008), but the image processing has altered the original pixel structure and all image values of the JAXA ALOS data, such that original image values cannot be recreated from this DS. As such, the DS products match JAXA criteria for value added products, which are not copyrighted, according to the ALOS end-user license agreement. The selection criteria for the satellite imagery used in our mosaics were images having (1) the highest solar-elevation angles (near summer solstice) and (2) the least cloud, cloud-shadow, and snow cover. The multispectral and panchromatic data were orthorectified with ALOS satellite ephemeris data, a process which is not as accurate as orthorectification using digital elevation models (DEMs); however, the ALOS processing center did not have a precise DEM. As a result, the multispectral and panchromatic image pairs were generally not well registered to the surface and not coregistered well enough to perform resolution enhancement on the multispectral data. Therefore, it was necessary to (1) register the 10-m AVNIR multispectral imagery to a well-controlled Landsat image base, (2) mosaic the individual multispectral images into a single image of the entire area of interest, (3) register each panchromatic image to the registered multispectral image base, and (4) mosaic the individual panchromatic images into a single image of the entire area of interest. The two image-registration steps were facilitated using an automated control-point algorithm developed by the USGS that allows image coregistration to within one picture element. Before rectification, the multispectral and panchromatic images were converted to radiance values and then to relative-reflectance values using the methods described in Davis (2006). Mosaicking the multispectral or panchromatic images started with the image with the highest sun-elevation angle and the least atmospheric scattering, which was treated as the standard image. The band-reflectance values of all other multispectral or panchromatic images within the area were sequentially adjusted to that of the standard image by determining band-reflectance correspondence between overlapping images using linear least-squares analysis. The resolution of the multispectral image mosaic was then increased to that of the panchromatic image mosaic using the SPARKLE logic, which is described in Davis (2006). Each of the four-band images within the resolution-enhanced image mosaic was individually subjected to a local-area histogram stretch algorithm (described in Davis, 2007), which stretches each band's picture element based on the digital values of all picture elements within a 315-m radius. The final databases, which are provided in this DS, are three-band, color-composite images of the local-area-enhanced, natural-color data (the blue, green, and red wavelength bands) and color-infrared data (the green, red, and near-infrared wavelength bands). All image data were initially projected and maintained in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) map projection using the target area's local zone (42 for Katawas) and the WGS84 datum. The final image mosaics are provided as embedded geotiff images, which can be read and used by most geographic information system (GIS) and image-processing software. The tiff world files (tfw) are provided, even though they are generally not needed for most software to read an embedded geotiff image. Within the Katawas study area, one subarea was designated for detailed field investigation (that is, the Gold subarea); this subarea was extracted from the area's image mosaic and is provided as a separate embedded geotiff image.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan (DS 709)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds709N","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense <a href=\"http://tfbso.defense.gov/www/\" target=\"_blank\">Task Force for Business and Stability Operations</a> and the <a href=\"http://www.bgs.ac.uk/AfghanMinerals/\" target=\"_blank\">Afghanistan Geological Survey</a>.  This report is Chapter N in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>. For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ds709\" target=\"_blank\">Data Series 709</a>.","usgsCitation":"Davis, P.A., and Cagney, L.E., 2013, Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Katawas mineral district in Afghanistan:  Chapter N in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 709, Readme; 2 Maps: 11 x 8.5 inches and 25.39 x 27.57 inches; 4 Image Files; 4 Metadata Files; 1 Shapefile, DS 709, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds709N.","productDescription":"Readme; 2 Maps: 11 x 8.5 inches and 25.39 x 27.57 inches; 4 Image Files; 4 Metadata Files; 1 Shapefile, DS 709","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266891,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_709_n.jpg"},{"id":266885,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/n/index_maps/Katawas_Area-of-Interest_Index_Map.pdf"},{"id":266886,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/n/index_maps/Katawas_Image_Index_Map.pdf"},{"id":266887,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/n/image_files/image_files.html"},{"id":266888,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/n/metadata/metadata.html"},{"id":266889,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/n/shapefiles/shapefiles.html"},{"id":266890,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/"},{"id":266883,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/n/"},{"id":266884,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/n/1_readme.txt"}],"country":"Afghanistan","otherGeospatial":"Katawas Mineral District","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 69,33 ], [ 69,33.33 ], [ 68.83,33.33 ], [ 68.83,33 ], [ 69,33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510cf20de4b0ae2ee50d965c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Philip A. pdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Philip","email":"pdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":472873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cagney, Laura E. 0000-0003-3282-2458 lcagney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3282-2458","contributorId":4744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cagney","given":"Laura","email":"lcagney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70043035,"text":"ds709M - 2013 - Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Panjsher Valley mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter M in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-01T11:11:12","indexId":"ds709M","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"709","chapter":"M","title":"Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Panjsher Valley mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter M in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense Task Force for Business and Stability Operations, prepared databases for mineral-resource target areas in Afghanistan. The purpose of the databases is to (1) provide useful data to ground-survey crews for use in performing detailed assessments of the areas and (2) provide useful information to private investors who are considering investment in a particular area for development of its natural resources. The set of satellite-image mosaics provided in this Data Series (DS) is one such database. Although airborne digital color-infrared imagery was acquired for parts of Afghanistan in 2006, the image data have radiometric variations that preclude their use in creating a consistent image mosaic for geologic analysis. Consequently, image mosaics were created using ALOS (Advanced Land Observation Satellite; renamed Daichi) satellite images, whose radiometry has been well determined (Saunier, 2007a,b). This part of the DS consists of the locally enhanced ALOS image mosaics for the Panjsher Valley mineral district, which has emerald and silver-iron deposits. ALOS was launched on January 24, 2006, and provides multispectral images from the AVNIR (Advanced Visible and Near-Infrared Radiometer) sensor in blue (420–500 nanometer, nm), green (520–600 nm), red (610–690 nm), and near-infrared (760–890 nm) wavelength bands with an 8-bit dynamic range and a 10-meter (m) ground resolution. The satellite also provides a panchromatic band image from the PRISM (Panchromatic Remote-sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping) sensor (520–770 nm) with the same dynamic range but a 2.5-m ground resolution. The image products in this DS incorporate copyrighted data provided by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (©JAXA, 2009, 2010), but the image processing has altered the original pixel structure and all image values of the JAXA ALOS data, such that original image values cannot be recreated from this DS. As such, the DS products match JAXA criteria for value added products, which are not copyrighted, according to the ALOS end-user license agreement. The selection criteria for the satellite imagery used in our mosaics were images having (1) the highest solar-elevation angles (near summer solstice) and (2) the least cloud, cloud-shadow, and snow cover. The multispectral and panchromatic data were orthorectified with ALOS satellite ephemeris data, a process which is not as accurate as orthorectification using digital elevation models (DEMs); however, the ALOS processing center did not have a precise DEM. As a result, the multispectral and panchromatic image pairs were generally not well registered to the surface and not coregistered well enough to perform resolution enhancement on the multispectral data. Therefore, it was necessary to (1) register the 10-m AVNIR multispectral imagery to a well-controlled Landsat image base, (2) mosaic the individual multispectral images into a single image of the entire area of interest, (3) register each panchromatic image to the registered multispectral image base, and (4) mosaic the individual panchromatic images into a single image of the entire area of interest. The two image-registration steps were facilitated using an automated control-point algorithm developed by the USGS that allows image coregistration to within one picture element. Before rectification, the multispectral and panchromatic images were converted to radiance values and then to relative-reflectance values using the methods described in Davis (2006). Mosaicking the multispectral or panchromatic images started with the image with the highest sun-elevation angle and the least atmospheric scattering, which was treated as the standard image. The band-reflectance values of all other multispectral or panchromatic images within the area were sequentially adjusted to that of the standard image by determining band-reflectance correspondence between overlapping images using linear least-squares analysis. The resolution of the multispectral image mosaic was then increased to that of the panchromatic image mosaic using the SPARKLE logic, which is described in Davis (2006). Each of the four-band images within the resolution-enhanced image mosaic was individually subjected to a local-area histogram stretch algorithm (described in Davis, 2007), which stretches each band’s picture element based on the digital values of all picture elements within a 315-m radius. The final databases, which are provided in this DS, are three-band, color-composite images of the local-area-enhanced, natural-color data (the blue, green, and red wavelength bands) and color-infrared data (the green, red, and near-infrared wavelength bands). All image data were initially projected and maintained in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) map projection using the target area’s local zone (42 for Panjsher Valley) and the WGS84 datum. The final image mosaics were subdivided into two overlapping tiles or quadrants because of the large size of the target area. The two image tiles (or quadrants) for the Panjsher Valley area are provided as embedded geotiff images, which can be read and used by most geographic information system (GIS) and image-processing software. The tiff world files (tfw) are provided, even though they are generally not needed for most software to read an embedded geotiff image. Within the Panjsher Valley study area, two subareas were designated for detailed field investigations (that is, the Emerald and Silver-Iron subareas); these subareas were extracted from the area’s image mosaic and are provided as separate embedded geotiff images.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan (DS 709)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds709M","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense <a href=\"http://tfbso.defense.gov/www/\" target=\"_blank\">Task Force for Business and Stability Operations</a> and the <a href=\"http://www.bgs.ac.uk/AfghanMinerals/\" target=\"_blank\">Afghanistan Geological Survey</a>.  This report is Chapter M in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>. For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ds709\" target=\"_blank\">Data Series 709</a>.","usgsCitation":"Davis, P.A., and Cagney, L.E., 2013, Local-area-enhanced, 2.5-meter resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of the Panjsher Valley mineral district in Afghanistan: Chapter M in <i>Local-area-enhanced, high-resolution natural-color and color-infrared satellite-image mosaics of mineral districts in Afghanistan</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 709, Readme; 2 Maps: 11 x 8.5 inches and 30.93 x 30.35 inches; 8 Image Files; 8 Metadata Files; 1 Shapefile; DS 709, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds709M.","productDescription":"Readme; 2 Maps: 11 x 8.5 inches and 30.93 x 30.35 inches; 8 Image Files; 8 Metadata Files; 1 Shapefile; DS 709","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-01-24","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266840,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_709_m.jpg"},{"id":266833,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/m/index_maps/Panjsher_Valley_Area-of-Interest_Index_Map.pdf"},{"id":266834,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/m/index_maps/Panjsher_Valley_Image_Index_Map.pdf"},{"id":266835,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/m/index_maps/index_maps.html"},{"id":266836,"type":{"id":14,"text":"Image"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/m/image_files/image_files.html"},{"id":266837,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/m/metadata/metadata.html"},{"id":266838,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/m/shapefiles/shapefiles.html"},{"id":266839,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/index.html"},{"id":266831,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/m/"},{"id":266832,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/709/m/1_readme.txt"}],"country":"Afghanistan","otherGeospatial":"Panjsher Valley Mineral District","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 69.5,35.25 ], [ 69.5,35.75 ], [ 70.25,35.75 ], [ 70.25,35.25 ], [ 69.5,35.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510b927fe4b0947afa3c854c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Philip A. pdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Philip","email":"pdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":472811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cagney, Laura E. 0000-0003-3282-2458 lcagney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3282-2458","contributorId":4744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cagney","given":"Laura","email":"lcagney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70188522,"text":"70188522 - 2013 - Diatom evidence for the onset of Pliocene cooling from AND-1B, McMurdo Sound, Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T12:22:36","indexId":"70188522","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diatom evidence for the onset of Pliocene cooling from AND-1B, McMurdo Sound, Antarctica","docAbstract":"<p><span>The late Pliocene, ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>3.3–3.0</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma, is the most recent interval of sustained global warmth in the geologic past. This window is the focus of climate reconstruction efforts by the U.S. Geological Survey's Pliocene Research, Interpretation, and Synoptic Mapping (PRISM) Data/Model Cooperative, and may provide a useful climate analog for the coming century. Reconstructions of past surface ocean conditions proximal to the Antarctic continent are essential to understanding the sensitivity of the cryosphere to this key interval in Earth's climate evolution. An exceptional marine sediment core collected from the southwestern Ross Sea (78° S), Antarctica, during ANDRILL's McMurdo Ice Shelf Project preserves evidence of dramatic fluctuations between grounded ice and productive, open ocean conditions during the late Pliocene, reflecting orbitally-paced glacial/interglacial cycling. In this near-shore record, diatom-rich sediments are recovered from interglacial intervals; two of these diatomites, from ~</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>3.2</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma and 3.03</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma, are within the PRISM chronologic window. The diatom assemblages identified in PRISM-age late Pliocene diatom-rich sediments are distinct from those in mid-Pliocene and later Pliocene/Pleistocene intervals recovered from AND-1B, and comprise both extant taxa with well-constrained ecological preferences and a diverse extinct flora, some members of which are previously undescribed from Antarctic sediments. Both units are dominated by </span><i>Chaetoceros</i><span> resting spores, an indicator of high productivity and stratification that is present at much lower abundance in materials both older and younger than the PRISM-age sediments. Newly described species of the genus </span><i>Fragilariopsis</i><span>, which first appear in the AND-1B record at 3.2</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma, are the most abundant extinct members of the PRISM-age assemblages. Other extant species with established environmental affinities, such as </span><i>Fragilariopsis sublinearis</i><span>, </span><i>F</i><span>. </span><i>curta</i><span>, </span><i>Stellarima microtrias</i><span>, and </span><i>Thalassiothrix antarctica</i><span>, are present at lower abundances. Environmental inferences drawn from extant diatom assemblages are in good agreement with those from </span><i>Chaetoceros</i><span> resting spores and the </span><i>Fragilariopsis</i><span> radiation. All three lines of evidence indicate the onset of late Pliocene cooling in the Ross Sea near-shore environment at 3.2</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma, with intensification and possible regional persistence of summer sea ice by 3.03</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma. An important implication of this research is the indication that the Ross Ice Shelf fluctuated dramatically on orbital timescales at a time when nearshore Antarctic conditions were only modestly warmer than present.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.10.014","usgsCitation":"Riesselman, C., and Dunbar, R.B., 2013, Diatom evidence for the onset of Pliocene cooling from AND-1B, McMurdo Sound, Antarctica: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 369, p. 136-153, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.10.014.","productDescription":"18 p. ","startPage":"136","endPage":"153","ipdsId":"IP-033564","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342499,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica, McMurdo Sound, Ross Ice Shelf, Ross Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -210.9375,\n              -80.70399666821143\n            ],\n            [\n              -38.3203125,\n              -80.70399666821143\n            ],\n            [\n              -38.3203125,\n              -65.21989393613208\n            ],\n            [\n              -210.9375,\n              -65.21989393613208\n            ],\n            [\n              -210.9375,\n              -80.70399666821143\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"369","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59424b3ce4b0764e6c65dc71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riesselman, Christina 0000-0002-2436-4306 criesselman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2436-4306","contributorId":4290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riesselman","given":"Christina","email":"criesselman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":698131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunbar, R. B.","contributorId":192914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunbar","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70189181,"text":"70189181 - 2013 - Evaluating model structure adequacy: The case of the Maggia Valley groundwater system, southern Switzerland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-06T15:03:29","indexId":"70189181","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating model structure adequacy: The case of the Maggia Valley groundwater system, southern Switzerland","docAbstract":"Model adequacy is evaluated with alternative models rated using model selection criteria (AICc, BIC, and KIC) and three other statistics. Model selection criteria are tested with cross-validation experiments and insights for using alternative models to evaluate model structural adequacy are provided. The study is conducted using the computer codes UCODE_2005 and MMA (MultiModel Analysis). One recharge alternative is simulated using the TOPKAPI hydrological model. The predictions evaluated include eight heads and three flows located where ecological consequences and model precision are of concern. Cross-validation is used to obtain measures of prediction accuracy. Sixty-four models were designed deterministically and differ in representation of river, recharge, bedrock topography, and hydraulic conductivity. Results include: (1) What may seem like inconsequential choices in model construction may be important to predictions. Analysis of predictions from alternative models is advised. (2) None of the model selection criteria consistently identified models with more accurate predictions. This is a disturbing result that suggests to reconsider the utility of model selection criteria, and/or the cross-validation measures used in this work to measure model accuracy. (3) KIC displayed poor performance for the present regression problems; theoretical considerations suggest that difficulties are associated with wide variations in the sensitivity term of KIC resulting from the models being nonlinear and the problems being ill-posed due to parameter correlations and insensitivity. The other criteria performed somewhat better, and similarly to each other. (4) Quantities with high leverage are more difficult to predict. The results are expected to be generally applicable to models of environmental systems.","language":"English","publisher":"Water Resources Research","doi":"10.1029/2011WR011779","usgsCitation":"Hill, M.C., Foglia, L., Mehl, S.W., and Burlando, P., 2013, Evaluating model structure adequacy: The case of the Maggia Valley groundwater system, southern Switzerland: Water Resources Research, v. 49, no. 1, p. 260-282, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011WR011779.","productDescription":"23 p. ","startPage":"260","endPage":"282","ipdsId":"IP-042379","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473968,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011wr011779","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343439,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Switzerland","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              8.460845947265625,\n              46.095138483907725\n            ],\n            [\n              9.010162353515623,\n              46.095138483907725\n            ],\n            [\n              9.010162353515623,\n              46.46813299215554\n            ],\n            [\n              8.460845947265625,\n              46.46813299215554\n            ],\n            [\n              8.460845947265625,\n              46.095138483907725\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c44e4b0d1f9f057e36e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foglia, L.","contributorId":194179,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foglia","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Mehl, S. W.","contributorId":194181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mehl","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Burlando, P.","contributorId":194180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burlando","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70173522,"text":"70173522 - 2013 - Estimating transmission of avian influenza in wild birds from incomplete epizootic data: implications for surveillance and disease spreac","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-16T13:08:47","indexId":"70173522","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating transmission of avian influenza in wild birds from incomplete epizootic data: implications for surveillance and disease spreac","docAbstract":"<ol id=\"jpe12031-list-0001\" class=\"o-list--numbered o-list--paragraph\">\n<li>Estimating disease transmission in wildlife populations is critical to understand host&ndash;pathogen dynamics, predict disease risks and prioritize surveillance activities. However, obtaining reliable estimates for free-ranging populations is extremely challenging. In particular, disease surveillance programs may routinely miss the onset or end of epizootics and peak prevalence, limiting the ability to evaluate infectious processes.</li>\n<li>We used profile likelihood to estimate the force of infection (FOI) in a low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIv) epizootic model from censored time series of LPAIv prevalence in hatch-year waterfowl (order Anseriformes) at postbreeding and migration sites in North America.</li>\n<li>We found a mean LPAIv FOI of 0&middot;12&nbsp;day<span>&minus;1</span>&nbsp;[95% CI, 0&middot;00&ndash;0&middot;39], corresponding to an incidence rate of 0&middot;11&nbsp;day<span>&minus;1</span>, with geographic heterogeneity (min&ndash;max: 0&middot;02&ndash;0&middot;23&nbsp;day<span>&minus;1</span>) among study sites. These high infection rates indicate that most hatch-year waterfowl are likely infected with LPAIv early in the fall migration.</li>\n<li>Comparison of model-predicted and observed immunity confirmed our assumption of na&iuml;ve hatch-year waterfowl and suggested long-term immunity (&gt;6&nbsp;months) for adults.</li>\n<li>Using the mean LPAIv incidence rate, we predict a shorter and lower epizootic curve for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIv; 5&nbsp;weeks with peak prevalence of 28% and 30% mortality) than LPAIv (8&nbsp;weeks with peak prevalence of 50%). These findings indicate it is harder to detect HPAIv than LPAIv with swabs from live birds, which are commonly used during disease surveillance.</li>\n<li><i>Synthesis and applications</i>. Our study highlights the potential of integrating incomplete surveillance data with epizootic models to quantify disease transmission and immunity. This modelling approach provides an important tool to understand spatial and temporal epizootic dynamics and inform disease surveillance. Our findings suggest focusing highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIv) surveillance on postbreeding areas where mortality of immunologically na&iuml;ve hatch-year birds is most likely to occur, and collecting serology to enhance HPAIv detection. Our modelling approach can integrate various types of disease data facilitating its use with data from other surveillance programs (as illustrated by the estimation of infection rate during an HPAIv outbreak in mute swans<i>Cygnus olor</i>&nbsp;in Europe).</li>\n</ol>","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.12031","usgsCitation":"Henaux, V., Jane Parmley, Catherine Soos, and Samuel, M.D., 2013, Estimating transmission of avian influenza in wild birds from incomplete epizootic data: implications for surveillance and disease spreac: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 50, no. 1, p. 223-231, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12031.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"231","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-031995","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12031","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323752,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","volume":"50","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5763cdb4e4b07657d19ba76c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henaux, Viviane","contributorId":171388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henaux","given":"Viviane","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24576,"text":"University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jane Parmley","contributorId":171387,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jane Parmley","affiliations":[{"id":26882,"text":"University of Guelph, Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Heatlh Centr","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Catherine Soos","contributorId":171386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Catherine Soos","affiliations":[{"id":6779,"text":"Environment Canada, Burlington, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Samuel, Michael D. msamuel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"Michael","email":"msamuel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042992,"text":"pp17137 - 2013 - The three-dimensional geologic model used for the 2003 National Oil and Gas Assessment of the San Joaquin Basin Province, California: Chapter 7 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T11:49:27","indexId":"pp17137","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1713-7","title":"The three-dimensional geologic model used for the 2003 National Oil and Gas Assessment of the San Joaquin Basin Province, California: Chapter 7 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>","docAbstract":"We present a three-dimensional geologic model of the San Joaquin Basin (SJB) that may be the first compilation of subsurface data spanning the entire basin. The model volume spans 200 × 90 miles, oriented along the basin axis, and extends to ~11 miles depth, for a total of more than 1 million grid nodes. This model supported the 2003 U.S. Geological Survey assessment of future additions to reserves of oil and gas in the SJB. Data sources include well-top picks from more than 3,200 wildcat and production wells, published cross sections, regional seismic grids, and fault maps. The model consists of 15 chronostratigraphic horizons ranging from the Mesozoic crystalline basement to the topographic surface. Many of the model units are hydrocarbon reservoir rocks and three—the Cretaceous Moreno Formation, the Eocene Kreyenhagen Formation, and the Miocene Monterey Formation—are hydrocarbon source rocks. The White Wolf Fault near the southern end of the basin divides the map volume into 2 separate fault blocks. The construction of a three-dimensional model of the entire SJB encountered many challenges, including complex and inconsistent stratigraphic nomenclature, significant facies changes across and along the basin axis, time-transgressive formation tops, uncertain correlation of outcrops with their subsurface equivalents, and contradictory formation top data. Although some areas of the model are better resolved than others, the model facilitated the 2003 resource assessment in several ways, including forming the basis of a petroleum system model and allowing a precise definition of assessment unit volumes.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California (PP 1713)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp17137","usgsCitation":"Hosford Scheirer, A., 2013, The three-dimensional geologic model used for the 2003 National Oil and Gas Assessment of the San Joaquin Basin Province, California: Chapter 7 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1713-7, Chapter 7: 81 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp17137.","productDescription":"Chapter 7: 81 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2003-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266746,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1713_7.jpg","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":266747,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/"},{"id":266748,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/07/pp1713_ch07.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.75,34.75 ], [ -121.75,38.0 ], [ -118.75,38.0 ], [ -118.75,34.75 ], [ -121.75,34.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","publicComments":"This report is Chapter 7 in <i>Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California</i>.  Please see <a href=\"http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp1713\" target=\"_blank\">Professional Paper 1713</a> for other chapters.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510a40f0e4b0de10a2aaab81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hosford Scheirer, Allegra","contributorId":22217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hosford Scheirer","given":"Allegra","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70043012,"text":"sir20125266 - 2013 - A regional classification of the effectiveness of depressional wetlands at mitigating nitrogen transport to surface waters in the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-09T20:14:47.955364","indexId":"sir20125266","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5266","title":"A regional classification of the effectiveness of depressional wetlands at mitigating nitrogen transport to surface waters in the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain","docAbstract":"Nitrogen from nonpoint sources contributes to eutrophication, hypoxia, and related ecological degradation in Atlantic Coastal Plain streams and adjacent coastal estuaries such as Chesapeake Bay and Pamlico Sound. Although denitrification in depressional (non-riparian) wetlands common to the Coastal Plain can be a significant landscape sink for nitrogen, the effectiveness of individual wetlands at removing nitrogen varies substantially due to varying hydrogeologic, geochemical, and other landscape conditions, which are often poorly or inconsistently mapped over large areas. A geographic model describing the spatial variability in the likely effectiveness of depressional wetlands in watershed uplands at mitigating nitrogen transport from nonpoint sources to surface waters was constructed for the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain (NACP), from North Carolina through New Jersey. Geographic and statistical techniques were used to develop the model. Available medium-resolution (1:100,000-scale) stream hydrography was used to define 33,799 individual watershed catchments in the study area. Sixteen landscape metrics relevant to the occurrence of depressional wetlands and their effectiveness as nitrogen sinks were defined for each catchment, based primarily on available topographic and soils data. Cluster analysis was used to aggregate the 33,799 catchments into eight wetland landscape regions (WLRs) based on the value of three principal components computed for the 16 original landscape metrics. Significant differences in topography, soil, and land cover among the eight WLRs demonstrate the effectiveness of the clustering technique. Results were used to interpret the relative likelihood of depressional wetlands in each WLR and their likely effectiveness at mitigating nitrogen transport from upland source areas to surface waters. The potential effectiveness of depressional wetlands at mitigating nitrogen transport varies substantially over different parts of the NACP. Depressional wetlands are common in three WLRs covering 32 percent of the area, and have a relatively high potential to mitigate nitrogen transport from nonpoint sources. Conversely, 37 percent of the study area includes rolling hills with relatively high slope and relief, and little likelihood of depressional wetlands. The remainder of the Coastal Plain includes relatively flat watersheds with moderate to low relative likelihood of nitrogen mitigation. The delineation of WLRs in this model should be useful for targeting wetland conservation or restoration efforts, and for estimating the effects of depressional wetlands on the regional nitrogen budget, but should be considered in light of limitations and assumptions inherent in the model.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125266","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture","usgsCitation":"Ator, S.W., Denver, J., LaMotte, A.E., and Sekellick, A.J., 2013, A regional classification of the effectiveness of depressional wetlands at mitigating nitrogen transport to surface waters in the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5266, v, 23 p.; Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125266.","productDescription":"v, 23 p.; Data","startPage":"i","endPage":"23","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia  Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266765,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5266/pdf/sir2012-5266.pdf"},{"id":266764,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5266/"},{"id":266766,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5266/nacp_wlrs.csv"},{"id":266767,"rank":4,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5266.gif"}],"otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Coastal Plain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.0,32.0 ], [ -84.0,44.0 ], [ -66.0,44.0 ], [ -66.0,32.0 ], [ -84.0,32.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"510a40e2e4b0de10a2aaab71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ator, Scott W. 0000-0002-9186-4837 swator@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9186-4837","contributorId":781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ator","given":"Scott","email":"swator@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":375,"text":"Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Denver, Judith M. jmdenver@usgs.gov","contributorId":780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denver","given":"Judith M.","email":"jmdenver@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":375,"text":"Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LaMotte, Andrew E. 0000-0002-1434-6518 alamotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1434-6518","contributorId":2842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMotte","given":"Andrew","email":"alamotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sekellick, Andrew J. 0000-0002-0440-7655 ajsekell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0440-7655","contributorId":4125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sekellick","given":"Andrew","email":"ajsekell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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