{"pageNumber":"6663","pageRowStart":"166550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184660,"records":[{"id":1219,"text":"wsp1693 - 1964 - A summary of the occurrence and development of ground water in the southern High Plains of Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-30T22:35:11.105123","indexId":"wsp1693","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1693","title":"A summary of the occurrence and development of ground water in the southern High Plains of Texas","docAbstract":"

The Southern High Plains of Texas occupies an area of about 22,000 square miles in northwest Texas, extending from the Canadian River southward. about 250 miles and from the New Mexico line eastward an average distance of about 120 miles.

The economy of the area is dependent largely upon irrigated agriculture, and in 1958 about 44,000 irrigation wells were in operation. The economy of the area is also dependent upon the oil industry either in the form of oil and gas production or in the form of industries based on the production of petroleum.

The Southern High Plains of Texas is characterized by a nearly flat land surface sloping gently toward the southeast at an average of 8 to 10 feet per mile. Shallow undrained depressions or playas are characteristic of the plains surface, and during periods of heavy rainfall, runoff collects in the depressions to form temporary ponds or lakes. Stream drainage on the plains surface is poorly developed; water discharges over the eastern escarpment off the plains only during periods of excessive rainfall.

The climate of the area is semiarid; the average annual precipitation is about 20 inches. About 70 percent of the precipitation falls during the growing season from April to September.

Rocks of Permian age underlie the entire area and consist chiefly of red sandstone and shale containing numerous beds of gypsum and dolomite. The Permian rocks are not a source of water in the Southern High Plains, and any water in these rocks would probably be saline.

The Triassic rocks underlying the Southern High Plains consist of three formations of the Dockum group: the Tecovas formation, the Santa Rosa sandstone. and the Chinle formation equivalent. The Tecovas and Chinle formation equivalent both consist chiefly of shale and sandy shale; however, the Santa Rosa sandstone consists mainly of medium to coarse conglomeratic sandstone containing some shale. The formations of the Dockum group are capable of yielding small to moderate quantities of water in many parts of the Southern High Plains; however, in practically all places the water is rather saline and probably unsuitable for most uses.

The Cretaceous formations in the Southern High Plains consist of several formations of the Trinity, Fredericksburg, and Washita groups. The rocks underlie a large part of the southern part of the Southern High Plains; they consist of sandstone, shale, and limestone, the sandstone and limestone being the principal water-bearing units. In a few places where the Cretaceous rocks appear to be in hydraulic connection with the overlying Ogallala formation, moderate quantities of water are obtained, particularly from the limestones. Locally the Cretaceous rocks may be important aquifers where other water is not available, but they generally do not constitute a large source of water for irrigation or municipal use.

The Ogallala formation of Pliocene age is the principal aquifer in the Southern High Plains of Texas; it supplies practically all the water used for all purposes. The formation is continuous throughout most of the Texas part of the Southern High Plains and extends into New Mexico. The .formation consists chiefly of sediments deposited by streams that had their headwaters in the mountainous regions to the west and northwest. The Ogallala formation rests unconformably upon an erosional surface of the underlying Triassic and Cretaceous rocks. The Ogallala consists of beds and lenses of clay, silt, sand, and gravel; caliche occurs as a secondary deposit ,in many places in the formation. In general the Ogallala is thicker in the northern part of the area; the thickness ranges from 400 to 500 feet in central Parmer, west-central Castro, and southwestern Floyd Counties to a knife edge where the formation wedges out against outcrops of the older rocks. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp1693","usgsCitation":"Cronin, J., and Myers, B.N., 1964, A summary of the occurrence and development of ground water in the southern High Plains of Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1693, Report: v, 88 p.; 7 Plates: 13.00 x 23.50 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1693.","productDescription":"Report: v, 88 p.; 7 Plates: 13.00 x 23.50 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":26128,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1693/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26130,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1693/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26129,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1693/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26131,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1693/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":411263,"rank":10,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24899.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":26127,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1693/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26132,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1693/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":137997,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1693/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26126,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1693/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26125,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1693/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.9,\n 36.85\n ],\n [\n -104.481,\n 36.85\n ],\n [\n -104.481,\n 31.61\n ],\n [\n -99.9,\n 31.61\n ],\n [\n -99.9,\n 36.85\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a5f28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, J.G.","contributorId":47769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Myers, B. N.","contributorId":67490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1004,"text":"wsp1669V - 1964 - Ground water in the lower Arkansas River valley, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:09","indexId":"wsp1669V","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1669","chapter":"V","title":"Ground water in the lower Arkansas River valley, Arkansas","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to the hydrology of the United States, 1962","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1669V","usgsCitation":"Bedinger, M.S., and Jeffery, H., 1964, Ground water in the lower Arkansas River valley, Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1669, iii, 17 p. :ill., map ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1669V.","productDescription":"iii, 17 p. :ill., map ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":136147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1669v/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":25575,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1669v/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25576,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1669v/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25577,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1669v/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25578,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1669v/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25579,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1669v/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25580,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1669v/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":25581,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1669v/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d765","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bedinger, M. S.","contributorId":65452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedinger","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jeffery, H. G.","contributorId":74353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeffery","given":"H. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1338,"text":"wsp1809E - 1964 - Galleries and their use for development of shallow ground-water supplies, with special reference to Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:13","indexId":"wsp1809E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1809","chapter":"E","title":"Galleries and their use for development of shallow ground-water supplies, with special reference to Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1809E","usgsCitation":"Feulner, A.J., 1964, Galleries and their use for development of shallow ground-water supplies, with special reference to Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1809, v, 16 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1809E.","productDescription":"v, 16 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137425,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1809e/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26398,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1809e/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b1449","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feulner, Alvin J.","contributorId":49775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feulner","given":"Alvin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1021,"text":"wsp1536I - 1964 - Methods of determining permeability, transmissibility and drawdown","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":51650,"text":"ofr5480 - 1954 - The \"slug test\" for estimating transmissibility","indexId":"ofr5480","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"The \"slug test\" for estimating transmissibility"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1021,"text":"wsp1536I - 1964 - Methods of determining permeability, transmissibility and drawdown","indexId":"wsp1536I","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"chapter":"I","title":"Methods of determining permeability, transmissibility and drawdown"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":51779,"text":"ofr54310 - 1954 - Estimating transmissibility from specific capacity","indexId":"ofr54310","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating transmissibility from specific capacity"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1021,"text":"wsp1536I - 1964 - Methods of determining permeability, transmissibility and drawdown","indexId":"wsp1536I","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"chapter":"I","title":"Methods of determining permeability, transmissibility and drawdown"},"id":2}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:16","indexId":"wsp1536I","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1536","chapter":"I","title":"Methods of determining permeability, transmissibility and drawdown","docAbstract":"If the Theis graphical method is used for determining the hydraulic constants of an aquifer under water-table conditions, the observed drawdowns should be corrected for the decrease in saturated thickness. This is especially true if the drawdown is a large fraction of the original saturated thickness, for then the computed coefficient of permeability is highly inaccurate if based on observed, rather than corrected, water levels. Wenzel's limiting formula, a modification of the Theis graphical method, is useful where u=r2s/4Tt is less than about 0.01. However, a shorter procedure for determination of the coefficient of transmissibility, as well as the coefficient of storage, consists of plotting the values of the corrected drawdowns against the values of the logarithm of r. \r\n\r\nWenzel (1942) suggested that observation wells be situated on lines that extend upgradient and downgradient from the pumped well. However, a detailed analysis of aquifer-test results indicates that such a restriction is unnecessary. The gradient method for determining permeability should yield the same results as the Thies method. The former, when applied for a distance within the range of applicability of the latter, is merely a duplication of effort or, at best, a crude check. Because of the limitations of accuracy in plotting, the gradient method is much less satisfactory. That Wenzel (1942) obtained identical results from the two methods is regarded as a coincidence. \r\n\r\nFailure to take into consideration the fact that the pumped well does not tap the full thickness of the aquifer leads to an apparent coefficient of permeability that is much too low, especially if the aquifer consists of stratified sediments. The average coefficient of permeability computed from uncorrected drawdowns may be only a little more than half of the true value.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1536I","usgsCitation":"Bentall, R., 1964, Methods of determining permeability, transmissibility and drawdown: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1536, vi, 99 p. :ill. ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1536I.","productDescription":"vi, 99 p. :ill. ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1536i/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":25635,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1536i/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bcc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bentall, Ray","contributorId":78711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bentall","given":"Ray","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1307,"text":"wsp1779L - 1964 - Discharge ratings for streams at submerged section controls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:17","indexId":"wsp1779L","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1779","chapter":"L","title":"Discharge ratings for streams at submerged section controls","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1779L","usgsCitation":"Eisenlohr, W.S., 1964, Discharge ratings for streams at submerged section controls: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1779, iii, 32 p. :ill. ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1779L.","productDescription":"iii, 32 p. :ill. ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137889,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1779l/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26340,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1779l/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26341,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1779l/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a98a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eisenlohr, William Stewart","contributorId":36533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eisenlohr","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Stewart","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1023,"text":"wsp1669U - 1964 - Ground-water resources of Waupaca County, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-02T13:05:28","indexId":"wsp1669U","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1669","chapter":"U","title":"Ground-water resources of Waupaca County, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"

Waupaca County is in east-central Wisconsin. No serious ground-water problems existed in 1960 except in a few localities where crystalline rock is near land surface or is covered by nearly impermeable till. The use of ground water for irrigation has not appreciably affected ground-water levels.

\n

The county is covered by Pleistocene till, glaciolacustrine (lake), glaciofluvial (stream), and eolian (wind) deposits. In the northern three-quarters of the county these deposits overlie Precambrian crystalline rocks; in the remainder, they overlie sandstone of Cambrian age and, to a minor extent, dolomite of the Prairie du Chien Group of Ordovician age. The deposits of Pleistocene age, particularly outwash, are the principal sources of ground water except in those areas where the saturated thickness is slight or the permeability low. The sandstone of Cambrian age is an important aquifer in the southeastern part of the county. The crystalline rocks of Precambrian age yield little water except from fractures, joints, and weathered zones, and they are a source of water only in areas where better aquifers are absent.

\n

Ground water in Waupaca County occurs under both water-table and artesian conditions. The source of this ground water is precipitation that falls on the county and percolates downward to the zone of saturation. Regional movement of ground water is to the Wolf River. In most of the county the direction of movement is eastward or southeastward, except in the southeastern corner of the county, where the movement is westward.

\n

 Water-level fluctuations reflect the variations of ground-water storage or artesian pressure in response to variations in recharge and discharge. Declining water levels from 1956 to 1959 reflect a period of below-normal precipitation, and rising water levels in late 1959 and 1960 reflect above-normal precipitation. Average precipitation, runoff, and evapotranspiration in 1959 are estimated to be 1,000, 400, and 600 mgd (million gallons per day) respectively. Pumpage in the county was estimated to be about 4 mgd in 1959, and about half of this amount was used for public supplies.

\n

A pumping test of a well in outwash deposits near Waupaca indicated that at that point the coefficient of transmissibility is about 100,000 gpd (gallons per day) per ft, the permeability is about 1,000 gpd per sq ft, the coefficient of storage is about 0.2, and the specific capacity is 41 gpm (gallons per minute) per ft of drawdown. These hydraulic characteristics are probably in the same order of magnitude as the characteristics of outwash deposits in the county in general.

\n

The water from wells in Waupaca County, although hard and generally containing iron, is good for most purposes.

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1964 - Geology of the Lenoir quadrangle, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:29","indexId":"gq242","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":316,"text":"Geologic Quadrangle","code":"GQ","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"242","title":"Geology of the Lenoir quadrangle, North Carolina","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/gq242","usgsCitation":"Reed, J., 1964, Geology of the Lenoir quadrangle, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle 242, 1 map :col. ;44 x 36 cm., on sheet 68 x 91 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/gq242.","productDescription":"1 map :col. ;44 x 36 cm., on sheet 68 x 91 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":102247,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_696.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"696"},{"id":253254,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/0242/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":248359,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/0242/report.pdf","size":"33","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"62500","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.75,35.75 ], [ -81.75,36 ], [ -81.5,36 ], [ -81.5,35.75 ], [ -81.75,35.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ec65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reed, John Calvin","contributorId":10769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"John Calvin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":267018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":52396,"text":"ofr6443 - 1964 - Availability of ground water for irrigation on the Pojoaque Pueblo Grant, Santa Fe County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:34","indexId":"ofr6443","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"64-43","title":"Availability of ground water for irrigation on the Pojoaque Pueblo Grant, Santa Fe County, New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr6443","usgsCitation":"Dinwiddie, G., 1964, Availability of ground water for irrigation on the Pojoaque Pueblo Grant, Santa Fe County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 64-43, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr6443.","productDescription":"14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":100169,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0043/report.pdf","size":"8000","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":177687,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0043/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667e5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dinwiddie, G.A.","contributorId":49798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinwiddie","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":68118,"text":"ha88 - 1964 - Floods in Libertyville quadrangle, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-14T21:29:19.591021","indexId":"ha88","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88","title":"Floods in Libertyville quadrangle, Illinois","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha88","usgsCitation":"Noehre, A.W., Ellis, D.W., and Long, D.E., 1964, Floods in Libertyville quadrangle, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 88, 1 Plate: 48.50 × 28.50 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha88.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 48.50 × 28.50 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186662,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":406733,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16186.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":89394,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/088/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Illinois","otherGeospatial":"Libertyville quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88,\n 42.25\n ],\n [\n -87.875,\n 42.25\n ],\n [\n -87.875,\n 42.375\n ],\n [\n -88,\n 42.375\n ],\n [\n -88,\n 42.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e70c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Noehre, Allen W.","contributorId":17659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noehre","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellis, Davis W.","contributorId":98297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Davis","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Long, Dean E.","contributorId":73679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Dean","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":2046,"text":"wsp1499G - 1964 - Water resources of the Green Bay area, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-16T21:39:30.070959","indexId":"wsp1499G","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1499","chapter":"G","title":"Water resources of the Green Bay area, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"

The Green Bay area comprises an area of about 525 square miles in eastern Wisconsin at the south end of Green Bay. It includes the western three-fourths of Brown County and the eastern one-ninth of Outagamie County. In 1960, the population of the area was estimated at 124,000.

\n

The most prominent topographic feature is the northwest-facing, southwestward trending Niagara escarpment. The area northwest of the escarpment drains into Green Bay via the Fox River, Suamico River, Duck Creek, and their tributaries. The area southeast of the escarpment is drained by streams that flow into Lake Michigan.

\n

The chief sources of surface water in the Green Bay area are the Fox River, Green Bay, and Lake Michigan. Smaller amounts of water are available from the East and Suamico Rivers and other streams. A sandstone aquifer is the principal source of the ground-water supply. The Niagara dolomite, although largely undeveloped, is potentially an important aquifer in the eastern part of the area. Small amounts of water are obtained also from the Platteville formation and from deposits of Pleistocene and Recent age. Water from the surfaceand ground-water sources is moderately hard to very hard.

\n

The Fox River, tributary to Lake Michigan at Green Bay, is a significant source of water for industrial use in the Green Bay area. The Menasha Dam, which controls release of water from the Lake Winnebago pool, is the major regulation on the Fox River, and it has considerable effect in reducing peak flows and supplementing low flows in the lower Fox River. The average discharge of the lower Fox River for the period 1898-1959, as measured at the gaging station at Rapide Croche Dam, was 2,687 mgd (million gallons per day). The longest consecutive period during which the discharge averaged less than 500 mgd was 80 days. The average discharge can be expected to fall below 700 mgd about once every 5 years for a 7-day period. In 1959, the average withdrawal of water from the Fox River was about 62 mgd. The water in the river is of the calcium magnesium bicarbonate type and is hard.

\n

The small streams in the area are utilized chiefly for stock watering; some of the water, however, is used for irrigation. The water in the small streams is more highly mineralized than the water in the Fox River and is very hard.

\n

Large quantities of water are available from Green Bay, but the disposal of industrial waste into the bay has restricted the use of the water. The major withdrawal is for condenser cooling, and, in 1959, it averaged about 415 mgd. The water from Green Bay is moderately hard but is of better chemical quality than the water from the Fox River and the small streams in the area.

\n

The only withdrawals of water from Lake Michigan for use in the Green Bay area are made by the city of Green Bay. In 1959, these withdrawals averaged 7.8 mgd.

\n

The lower Fox River is not subject to extremes of flow owing to the dampening effect of the Lake Winnebago pool and the regulation of flow at Menasha Dam. Cloudbursts over the lower Fox River valley below Menasha Dam, however, have occasionally caused extremely high water, as in 1922, when the discharge at the mouth of the Fox River was estimated to be about 50,000 mgd. Daily discharges greater than about 13,000 mgd occurred only 7 times in the period 1918-59. The 50-year flood of 15,500 mgd represents an average runoff of less than 2.6 mgd per square mile of drainage area, a relatively low runoff for a 50-year flood in Wisconsin.

\n

The sandstone aquifer is the principal source of ground water in the Green Bay area and furnishes water for public supply and industrial use. This aquifer includes rocks of Late Cambrian age, and the Prairie du Chien group and St. Peter sandstone of Ordovician age; it ranges in thickness from 550 to 640 feet. Ground water is found in openings along fractures and bedding planes and in the interstices between sand grains.

\n

The sandstone aquifer can support additional development of large supplies of ground water. Wells can be developed in most of the area that will yield 500 gpm (gallons per minute) or more, provided they are properly spaced and penetrate the entire thickness of the aquifer. It is estimated that the perennial yield of the sandstone in the Green Bay area could be at least 30 mgd if the aquifer is properly developed; only 5.4 mgd was withdrawn in 1959. The water from this sandstone aquifer is of the calcium magnesium bicarbonate type, is very hard, and, at a few places, contains objectionable amounts of iron.

\n

The Niagara dolomite, potentially a source of moderate to large quantities of water in the eastern part of the area, probably will yield 500 gpm or more to wells.

\n

In 1959, the average withdrawal of water for all uses was estimated at 495 mgd, of which 98.2 percent was from surface-water sources and 1.8 percent was from wells. About 485 mgd of water was withdrawn for industrial use, 6 mgd for public supply, and 4 mgd for rural use. The industrial use of water averaged 441 mgd for condenser cooling, 38 mgd fot processing by the paper industry, and 6 mgd for other industrial uses. The city of Green Bay used 7.8 mgd of water from Lake Michigan; other public supplies in the area used 2.6 mgd from wells. Of the withdrawals of water for rural use, about 75 percent was from wells and about 25 percent was from streams.

\n

The discharge of wastes into the lower Fox River and its tributary streams has altered the quality of the natural water. The wastes consist chiefly of treated municipal sewage and treated and untreated wastes from the paper industry, rendering plants, a sugar mill, and other industries. The industrial waste makes up about 90 percent of the oxygen-demand loading in the lower Fox River, and treated municipal sewage accounts for about 10 percent. The dissolved-oxygen concentration of water in the lower Fox River decreases rapidly in the vicinity of Green Bay during the summer when the river water is warm. If the periods when the river water is warmest, generally during July and early August, were to coincide with periods of lowest annual streamflow, generally in late August, the river would be unable to assimilate the loading of decomposable organic matter.

\n

In an emergency, industrial and public supply wells could supply at least 6 mgd for a sustained period and probably as much as 10 mgd for a period of several days. Six of the wells that formerly supplied the city of Green Bay are maintained in operating condition and could furnish about the same quantity of water as the industrial and other public supply wells. Small streams in the area would be supplemental sources of water, and the water in the Fox River and Green Bay is easily accessible.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water resources of industrial regions: A summary of the source, occurrence, availability, and use of water in the area","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp1499G","usgsCitation":"Knowles, D.B., Dreher, F.C., and Whetstone, G.W., 1964, Water resources of the Green Bay area, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1499, Report: v, 67 p.; 1 Plate: 23.50 x 31.95 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1499G.","productDescription":"Report: v, 67 p.; 1 Plate: 23.50 x 31.95 inches","numberOfPages":"78","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":27567,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1499g/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27568,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1499g/report.pdf"},{"id":387952,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24443.htm"},{"id":137727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1499g/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Brown County, Oconto County, Outagamie County","city":"Green Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.25,\n 44.25\n ],\n [\n -88.25,\n 44.6670\n ],\n [\n -87.90,\n 44.6670\n ],\n [\n -87.90,\n 44.25\n ],\n [\n -88.25,\n 44.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db634ad6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knowles, Doyle Blewer","contributorId":9633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"Doyle","email":"","middleInitial":"Blewer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dreher, F. C.","contributorId":93878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dreher","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whetstone, George Walter","contributorId":30603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whetstone","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"Walter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":68123,"text":"ha144 - 1964 - Floods in Wadsworth quadrangle, Illinois-Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-08T21:55:42.556144","indexId":"ha144","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"144","title":"Floods in Wadsworth quadrangle, Illinois-Wisconsin","docAbstract":"

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