This chapter summarized the scope of what is known and not known about climate in the Southwestern United States. There is now more evidence and more agreement among climate scientists about the physical climate and related impacts in the Southwest compared with that represented in the 2009 National Climate Assessment (Karl, Melillo, and Peterson 2009). However, there remain uncertainties about the climate system, the complexities within climate models, the related impacts to the biophysical environment, and the use of climate information on decision making.
\nUncertainty is introduced in each step of the climate planning-an-response process--in the scenarios used to drive the climate models, the information used to construct the models, and the interpretation and use of the model' data for planning and decision making (Figure 19.1).
\nThere are server key challenge, drawn from recommendations of the authors of this report, that contribute to these uncertainties in the Southwest:
\n- There is a dearth of climate observations at high elevations and on the lands of Native nations.
\n- There is limited understanding of the influence of climate change on natural variability (e.g. El Niño-Southern Oscillations, Pacific Decadal Oscillation), extreme events (droughts, floods), and the marine layer align coastal California.
\n- Climate models, downscaling, and resulting projection of the physical climate are imperfect. Representing the influence of the diverse topography of the Southwest on regional climate is a particular challenge.
\n- The impacts of climate change on key components of the natural ecosystems (including species and terrestrial ecosystems) are ill-defined.
\n- The adaptive capacity of decision-making entities and legal systems to handle climate impacts is unclear. This creates a challenge for identifying vulnerabilities to climate in the Southwest.
\n- Regulation, legislation, and political and social responses too climate all play important roles in our ability to adapt to climate impacts and mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
\n- Climate change is one of multiple stresses affecting the physical, biological, social, and economic systems of the Southwest, with population growth (and its related resource consumption, pollution, and land-sue changes) being particularly important.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Assessment of climate change in the southwest United States: A report prepared for the National Climate Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Island Press","publisherLocation":"Washington D.C.","usgsCitation":"Averyt, K., Brekke, L.D., Busch, D.E., Kaatz, L., Welling, L., Hartge, E.H., and Iseman, T., 2013, Moving forward with imperfect information, chap. 19 of Assessment of climate change in the southwest United States: A report prepared for the National Climate Assessment, p. 436-461.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"436","endPage":"461","numberOfPages":"26","ipdsId":"IP-040677","costCenters":[{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294860,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294859,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.swcarr.arizona.edu/chapter/19"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542e6972e4b092f17df5a974","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Averyt, Kristen","contributorId":63331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Averyt","given":"Kristen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brekke, Levi D.","contributorId":6776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brekke","given":"Levi","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Busch, David E. dave_busch@usgs.gov","contributorId":3392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busch","given":"David","email":"dave_busch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":860495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kaatz, Laurna","contributorId":34065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaatz","given":"Laurna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Welling, Leigh","contributorId":77864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welling","given":"Leigh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hartge, Eric H.","contributorId":36070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartge","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Iseman, Tom","contributorId":82236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iseman","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70102028,"text":"70102028 - 2013 - Abundance and distribution of feral pigs at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, 2010-2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-27T13:42:49","indexId":"70102028","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T13:34:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":222,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"HCSU-045","title":"Abundance and distribution of feral pigs at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, 2010-2013","docAbstract":"The Hakalau Forest Unit of the Big Island National Wildlife Refuge Complex has intensively managed feral pigs (Sus scrofa) and monitored feral pig presence with surveys of all managed areas since 1988. Results of all available data regarding pig management activities through 2004 were compiled and analyzed, but no further analyses had been conducted since then. The objective of this report was to analyze recent feral ungulate surveys at the Hakalau Forest Unit to determine current pig abundance and distribution. Activity indices for feral pigs, consisting of the presence of fresh or intermediate sign at 422 stations, each with approximately 20 sample plots, were compiled for years 2010–2013. A calibrated model based on the number of pigs removed from one management unit and concurrent activity surveys was applied to estimate pig abundance in other management units. Although point estimates appeared to decrease from 489.1 (±105.6) in 2010 to 407.6 (±88.0) in 2013, 95% confidence intervals overlapped, indicating no significant change in pig abundance within all management units. Nonetheless, there were significant declines in pig abundance over the four-year period within management units 1, 6, and 7. Areas where pig abundance remained high include the southern portion of Unit 2. Results of these surveys will be useful for directing management actions towards specific management units.","language":"English","publisher":"Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit - University of Hawaii at Hilo","publisherLocation":"Hilo, HI","usgsCitation":"Hess, S., Leopold, C.R., and Kendall, S.J., 2013, Abundance and distribution of feral pigs at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, 2010-2013: Technical Report HCSU-045, iii, 9 p.","productDescription":"iii, 9 p.","numberOfPages":"14","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-050851","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287610,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286375,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://hilo.hawaii.edu/hcsu/documents/Hess_Hakalaupigabundancefinal.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","city":"Hilo","otherGeospatial":"Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.096754,19.697089 ], [ -155.096754,19.699787 ], [ -155.094056,19.699787 ], [ -155.094056,19.697089 ], [ -155.096754,19.697089 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5385b3e7e4b09e18fc023a17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hess, Steven C.","contributorId":74462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Steven C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leopold, Christina R.","contributorId":46817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leopold","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendall, Steven J.","contributorId":30911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kendall","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":492824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70125388,"text":"70125388 - 2013 - Mapping behavioral landscapes for animal movement: a finite mixture modeling approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-18T13:30:41","indexId":"70125388","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T13:29:47","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping behavioral landscapes for animal movement: a finite mixture modeling approach","docAbstract":"Because of its role in many ecological processes, movement of animals in response to landscape features is an important subject in ecology and conservation biology. In this paper, we develop models of animal movement in relation to objects or fields in a landscape. We take a finite mixture modeling approach in which the component densities are conceptually related to different choices for movement in response to a landscape feature, and the mixing proportions are related to the probability of selecting each response as a function of one or more covariates. We combine particle swarm optimization and an Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters. We use this approach to analyze data for movement of three bobcats in relation to urban areas in southern California, USA. A behavioral interpretation of the models revealed similarities and differences in bobcat movement response to urbanization. All three bobcats avoided urbanization by moving either parallel to urban boundaries or toward less urban areas as the proportion of urban land cover in the surrounding area increased. However, one bobcat, a male with a dispersal-like large-scale movement pattern, avoided urbanization at lower densities and responded strictly by moving parallel to the urban edge. The other two bobcats, which were both residents and occupied similar geographic areas, avoided urban areas using a combination of movements parallel to the urban edge and movement toward areas of less urbanization. However, the resident female appeared to exhibit greater repulsion at lower levels of urbanization than the resident male, consistent with empirical observations of bobcats in southern California. Using the parameterized finite mixture models, we mapped behavioral states to geographic space, creating a representation of a behavioral landscape. This approach can provide guidance for conservation planning based on analysis of animal movement data using statistical models, thereby linking connectivity evaluations to empirical data.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Tempe, AZ","doi":"10.1890/12-0687.1","usgsCitation":"Tracey, J.A., Zhu, J., Boydston, E.E., Lyren, L.M., Fisher, R.N., and Crooks, K.R., 2013, Mapping behavioral landscapes for animal movement: a finite mixture modeling approach: Ecological Applications, v. 23, no. 3, p. 654-669, https://doi.org/10.1890/12-0687.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"654","endPage":"669","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-041722","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/12-0687.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294174,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293974,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/12-0687.1"}],"volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541bf43de4b0e96537ddf76f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tracey, Jeff A. 0000-0002-1619-1054 jatracey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1619-1054","contributorId":5780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tracey","given":"Jeff","email":"jatracey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhu, Jun","contributorId":73485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Jun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boydston, Erin E. 0000-0002-8452-835X eboydston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8452-835X","contributorId":1705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boydston","given":"Erin","email":"eboydston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lyren, Lisa M. llyren@usgs.gov","contributorId":2398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyren","given":"Lisa","email":"llyren@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Crooks, Kevin R.","contributorId":51137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crooks","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":501361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70048305,"text":"70048305 - 2013 - Investigating the potential impact of efflorescent mineral crusts on water quality: complementing analytical techniques with geochemical modelling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-08T13:29:12","indexId":"70048305","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T13:19:28","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Investigating the potential impact of efflorescent mineral crusts on water quality: complementing analytical techniques with geochemical modelling","docAbstract":"Efflorescent crusts are a common feature forming on the surface of gold mining sites\nand tailings storage facilities during the dry season. Their dissolution at the start of the wet sea-\nson releases an acidic pulse of water rich in metal pollutants. The composition of the crusts is\nindicative of the water from which they precipitated. This study aimed at assessing the crust\nformation and dissolution processes that result in episodic changes in receiving water quality.\nThe approach involved characterising the composition of the crusts by analytical techniques\n(powder X-ray di2raction (PXRD)) and establishing compositional discrepancies by modelling\nthe formation and dissolution processes.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annual International Mine Water Association Conference: Reliable Mine Water Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Mine Water Association","usgsCitation":"Camden-Smith, B., Johnson, R.H., Richardson, R., Billing, D., and Tutu, H., 2013, Investigating the potential impact of efflorescent mineral crusts on water quality: complementing analytical techniques with geochemical modelling, in Annual International Mine Water Association Conference: Reliable Mine Water Technology, v. I, p. 281-286.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"286","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-045744","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285895,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.imwa.info/imwa-meetings/proceedings/278-proceedings-2013.html"},{"id":285896,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"I","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355947de4b0120853e8c031","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Brown, Adrian","contributorId":114141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Adrian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509610,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Figueroa, Linda","contributorId":112780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Figueroa","given":"Linda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509609,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolkersdorfer, Christian","contributorId":111680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolkersdorfer","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509608,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Camden-Smith, Bronwyn","contributorId":85089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camden-Smith","given":"Bronwyn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Raymond H. rhjohnso@usgs.gov","contributorId":707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Raymond","email":"rhjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richardson, Robert","contributorId":74676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Billing, David","contributorId":93382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Billing","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tutu, Hlanganani","contributorId":68218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tutu","given":"Hlanganani","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70118581,"text":"70118581 - 2013 - Chemometric differentiation of crude oil families in the San Joaquin Basin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-29T13:15:24","indexId":"70118581","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T13:13:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":605,"text":"AAPG Bulletin","printIssn":"0149-1423","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemometric differentiation of crude oil families in the San Joaquin Basin, California","docAbstract":"Chemometric analyses of geochemical data for 165 crude oil samples from the San Joaquin Basin identify genetically distinct oil families and their inferred source rocks and provide insight into migration pathways, reservoir compartments, and filling histories. In the first part of the study, 17 source-related biomarker and stable carbon-isotope ratios were evaluated using a chemometric decision tree (CDT) to identify families. In the second part, ascendant hierarchical clustering was applied to terpane mass chromatograms for the samples to compare with the CDT results. The results from the two methods are remarkably similar despite differing data input and assumptions. Recognized source rocks for the oil families include the (1) Eocene Kreyenhagen Formation, (2) Eocene Tumey Formation, (3–4) upper and lower parts of the Miocene Monterey Formation (Buttonwillow depocenter), and (5–6) upper and lower parts of the Miocene Monterey Formation (Tejon depocenter).
\nAscendant hierarchical clustering identifies 22 oil families in the basin as corroborated by independent data, such as carbon-isotope ratios, sample location, reservoir unit, and thermal maturity maps from a three-dimensional basin and petroleum system model. Five families originated from the Eocene Kreyenhagen Formation source rock, and three families came from the overlying Eocene Tumey Formation. Fourteen families migrated from the upper and lower parts of the Miocene Monterey Formation source rocks within the Buttonwillow and Tejon depocenters north and south of the Bakersfield arch. The Eocene and Miocene families show little cross-stratigraphic migration because of seals within and between the source rocks. The data do not exclude the possibility that some families described as originating from the Monterey Formation actually came from source rock in the Temblor Formation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"AAPG Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","doi":"10.1306/05231212018","usgsCitation":"Peters, K., Coutrot, D., Nouvelle, X., Ramos, L.S., Rohrback, B.G., Magoon, L.B., and Zumberge, J.E., 2013, Chemometric differentiation of crude oil families in the San Joaquin Basin, California: AAPG Bulletin, v. 97, no. 1, p. 103-143, https://doi.org/10.1306/05231212018.","productDescription":"41 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"143","numberOfPages":"41","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291324,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291323,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1306/05231212018"}],"volume":"97","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f37de4b0bc0bec0a09d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peters, Kenneth E.","contributorId":10897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Kenneth E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coutrot, Delphine","contributorId":54901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coutrot","given":"Delphine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nouvelle, Xavier","contributorId":52089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nouvelle","given":"Xavier","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ramos, L. Scott","contributorId":61351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramos","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rohrback, Brian G.","contributorId":8004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohrback","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Magoon, Leslie B. lmagoon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoon","given":"Leslie","email":"lmagoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":497089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zumberge, John E.","contributorId":11962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zumberge","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70125667,"text":"70125667 - 2013 - Optimal temperature for malaria transmission is dramaticallylower than previously predicted","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-18T13:10:33","indexId":"70125667","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T13:09:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1466,"text":"Ecology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Optimal temperature for malaria transmission is dramaticallylower than previously predicted","docAbstract":"The ecology of mosquito vectors and malaria parasites affect the incidence, seasonal transmission and geographical range of malaria. Most malaria models to date assume constant or linear responses of mosquito and parasite life-history traits to temperature, predicting optimal transmission at 31 °C. These models are at odds with field observations of transmission dating back nearly a century. We build a model with more realistic ecological assumptions about the thermal physiology of insects. Our model, which includes empirically derived nonlinear thermal responses, predicts optimal malaria transmission at 25 °C (6 °C lower than previous models). Moreover, the model predicts that transmission decreases dramatically at temperatures > 28 °C, altering predictions about how climate change will affect malaria. A large data set on malaria transmission risk in Africa validates both the 25 °C optimum and the decline above 28 °C. Using these more accurate nonlinear thermal-response models will aid in understanding the effects of current and future temperature regimes on disease transmission.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1111/ele.12015","usgsCitation":"Mordecai, E.A., Paaijmans, K.P., Johnson, L., Balzer, C., Ben-Horin, T., de Moor, E., McNally, A., Pawar, S., Ryan, S.J., Smith, T.C., and Lafferty, K.D., 2013, Optimal temperature for malaria transmission is dramaticallylower than previously predicted: Ecology Letters, v. 16, no. 1, p. 22-30, https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12015.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"22","endPage":"30","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-040879","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294164,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294056,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.12015"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541bf445e4b0e96537ddf7c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mordecai, Eerin A.","contributorId":46882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mordecai","given":"Eerin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paaijmans, Krijin P.","contributorId":83850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paaijmans","given":"Krijin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Leah R.","contributorId":83382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Leah R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Balzer, Christian","contributorId":41279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balzer","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ben-Horin, Tal","contributorId":58137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ben-Horin","given":"Tal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"de Moor, Emily","contributorId":48021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Moor","given":"Emily","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McNally, Amy","contributorId":53225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNally","given":"Amy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pawar, Samraat","contributorId":22622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pawar","given":"Samraat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ryan, Sadie J.","contributorId":102738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"Sadie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Smith, Thomas C.","contributorId":101139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70103483,"text":"70103483 - 2013 - Effects of Canada goose herbivory on the tidal freshwater wetlands in Anacostia Park, 2009-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-06T11:35:24","indexId":"70103483","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T13:09:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"NPS/NCR/NCRO/NRTR-2013/001","title":"Effects of Canada goose herbivory on the tidal freshwater wetlands in Anacostia Park, 2009-2011","docAbstract":"Herbivory has played a major role in dictating vegetation abundance and species composition at Kingman Marsh in Anacostia Park, Washington, D.C., since restoration of this tidal freshwater wetland was initiated in 2000. The diverse and robust vegetative cover that developed in the first year post-reconstruction experienced significant decimation in the second year, after the protective fencing was removed, and remained suppressed throughout the five-year study period. In June 2009 a herbivory study was initiated to document the impacts of herbivory by resident and nonmigratory Canada geese (Branta canadensis) to vegetation at Kingman Marsh. Sixteen modules consisting of paired fenced plots and unfenced control plots were constructed. Eight of the modules were installed in vegetated portions of the restoration site that had been protected over time by pre-existing fencing, while the remaining eight modules were placed in portions of the site that had not been protected over time and were basically unvegetated at the start of the experiment. Exclosure fencing was sufficiently elevated from the substrate level to allow access to other herbivores such as fish and turtles, while hopefully excluding mature Canada geese. The study was designed with an initial exclosure elevation of 20 cm. This elevation was chosen based on the literature, as adequate to exclude mature Canada geese, while maximizing access to other herbivores such as fish and turtles.
\nRepeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the differences between paired fenced and unfenced control plots for a number of variables including total vegetative cover. Differences in total vegetative cover were not statistically significant for the baseline data collected in June 2009. By contrast, two months after the old protective fencing was removed from the initially-vegetated areas to allow Canada geese access to the unfenced control plots, total vegetative cover had declined dramatically in the initially-vegetated unfenced control plots, and differences between paired fenced and unfenced control plots were statistically significant. These differences have remained steady and significant throughout the remainder of these first three years of the study.
\nTotal vegetative cover has followed a somewhat different path in the initially-unvegetated modules, where cover in the fenced plots did not significantly exceed cover in the unfenced control plots until the August 2010 sampling event. In spite of the slow start in the initially-unvegetated modules, differences between paired fenced plots and unfenced control plots have remained significant and even increased significantly over time. This indicates that total vegetative cover in the initially-unvegetated fenced plots and unfenced control plots is continuing to diverge over time as vegetation increases in the protected plots compared to the basically unvegetated unfenced control plots.
\nTotal vegetative cover has been composed almost entirely of native species during the first three years of the study, with cover by exotics averaging less than 1% during each sampling event.
\nSpecies richness did not differ significantly between fenced plots and unfenced control plots during 2009, the first year of the study. Since August 2010, species richness has remained significantly greater in the fenced plots than in the unfenced control plots. These differences have remained relatively steady over time for both the initially-vegetated and initially unvegetated modules.
\nDuring the study it became apparent that our elevated fence plots were more accessible to mature \ngeese than we had expected. Even after lowering the exclosure fencing to 15 cm in 2010 and 10 \ncm in 2011, we documented geese inside exclosures in both years. Nonetheless the data indicate \nthat even at 10 cm, we have limited the numbers of mature geese entering the fenced plots, rather \nthan totally preventing their access through low spots in the uneven substrate surface. At an \nexclosure elevation of 10 cm and with a soft, mucky substrate, we are assuming that non-goose \nherbivores such as fish and turtles still have free access to the fenced plots. Annual wildrice \n(Zizania aquatica), known from previous studies to be especially palatable to Canada geese, has \nseen the greatest impact from partial access to the fenced plots by mature geese, moving from an \noverwhelming dominant in the initially-vegetated plots to a minor presence there by August \n2011. Interestingly, pickerelweed (Pontederia cordata), also known to be highly palatable to \nCanada geese, has so far shown only minor herbivory in the fenced plots. By August 2011, \npickerelweed had actually increased to significantly greater cover levels in the fenced plots \ncompared to the unfenced control plots.
\nIn conclusion, the first three years of data document that vegetation exposed to full herbivory by resident and nonmigratory Canada geese for three years in the unfenced control plots showed significantly lower total vegetative cover and species richness compared to the vegetation in the fenced plots, which experienced reduced herbivory by resident and nonmigratory Canada geese. These effects were documented for modules located in both initially-vegetated and initially-unvegetated habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Krafft, C., Hatfield, J., and Hammerschlag, R.S., 2013, Effects of Canada goose herbivory on the tidal freshwater wetlands in Anacostia Park, 2009-2011, viii, 36 p.","productDescription":"viii, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"47","temporalStart":"2009-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-055779","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287678,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287677,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/prodabs/pubpdfs/7996_Krafft.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","city":"Washington, D.C.","otherGeospatial":"Anacostia Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.0035716,38.8643463 ], [ -77.0035716,38.8710952 ], [ -76.9885262,38.8710952 ], [ -76.9885262,38.8643463 ], [ -77.0035716,38.8643463 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53870566e4b0aa26cd7b539a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krafft, Cairn C.","contributorId":60364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krafft","given":"Cairn C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatfield, Jeffrey S. jhatfield@usgs.gov","contributorId":151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Jeffrey S.","email":"jhatfield@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hammerschlag, Richard S.","contributorId":67206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammerschlag","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70046447,"text":"70046447 - 2013 - Geologic model for the assessment of undiscovered hydrocarbons in Lower to Upper Cretaceous carbonate rocks of the Fredericksburg and Washita groups, U.S. Gulf Coast Region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-31T17:03:24.05217","indexId":"70046447","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T13:01:05","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1871,"text":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic model for the assessment of undiscovered hydrocarbons in Lower to Upper Cretaceous carbonate rocks of the Fredericksburg and Washita groups, U.S. Gulf Coast Region","docAbstract":"As part of the assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in Jurassic and Cretaceous strata of the U.S. Gulf Coast in 2010, the U.S. Geological Survey assessed carbonate rocks of the Fredericksburg and Washita groups and their equivalent units underlying onshore lands and State waters. One conventional assessment unit extending from south Texas to the Florida panhandle was defined: the Fredericksburg-Buda Carbonate Platform-Reef Gas and Oil assessment unit. Assessed strata range in age from Early Cretaceous Albian to Late Cretaceous Cenomanian. The assessment was based on a geologic model that incorporated the Upper Jurassic–Cretaceous–Tertiary Composite Total Petroleum System of the Gulf of Mexico Basin. The following factors were evaluated to define the assessment unit and estimate undiscovered oil and gas resources: potential source rocks, hydrocarbon migration, reservoir porosity and permeability, traps and seals, structural features, depositional framework, and potential for water washing of hydrocarbons near outcrop areas. Analysis of the production history of discovered reservoirs and well data within the assessment unit was also essential for estimating the numbers and sizes of undiscovered oil and gas reservoirs within the assessment unit. The downdip boundary of the assessment unit was drawn as an arbitrary line 10 miles downdip of the Lower Cretaceous shelf margin, to include potential reef-talus reservoirs, a facies described in the geologic model developed for the assessment. Updip boundaries of the assessment unit were drawn based on the updip extent of assessment unit carbonate reservoir rocks, basin margin fault zones, and (or) the presence of producing wells within the assessed interval. Using the U.S. Geological Survey methodology, mean undiscovered resources of 40 million barrels of oil, 622 billion cubic feet of gas, and 14 million barrels of natural gas liquids were estimated for the assessment unit.
","publisher":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies","usgsCitation":"Swanson, S.M., Enomoto, C.B., Dennen, K., Valentine, B.J., and Lohr, C., 2013, Geologic model for the assessment of undiscovered hydrocarbons in Lower to Upper Cretaceous carbonate rocks of the Fredericksburg and Washita groups, U.S. Gulf Coast Region: Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 63, p. 423-437.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"423","endPage":"437","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-045922","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384781,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":384780,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/gcags/data/063/063001/423_gcags630423.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"U.S. Gulf Coast","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.9638671875,\n 25.46311452925943\n ],\n [\n -81.54052734375,\n 25.46311452925943\n ],\n [\n -81.54052734375,\n 36.914764288955936\n ],\n [\n -102.9638671875,\n 36.914764288955936\n ],\n [\n -102.9638671875,\n 25.46311452925943\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"63","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, Sharon M. 0000-0002-4235-1736 smswanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4235-1736","contributorId":590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Sharon","email":"smswanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Enomoto, Catherine B. 0000-0002-4119-1953 cenomoto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-1953","contributorId":2126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enomoto","given":"Catherine","email":"cenomoto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dennen, Kristin O.","contributorId":209828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dennen","given":"Kristin O.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Valentine, Brett J. 0000-0002-8678-2431 bvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8678-2431","contributorId":3846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Brett","email":"bvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lohr, Celeste D. 0000-0001-6287-9047 clohr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6287-9047","contributorId":3866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohr","given":"Celeste D.","email":"clohr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70123888,"text":"70123888 - 2013 - Maintaining and restoring sustainable ecosystems in southern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-30T14:43:31.737296","indexId":"70123888","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T12:58:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":32,"text":"General Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"RMRS-GTR-303","chapter":"7","title":"Maintaining and restoring sustainable ecosystems in southern Nevada","docAbstract":"Managers in southern Nevada are challenge with determining appropriate goals and objectives and developing viable approaches for maintaining and restoring sustainable ecosystems in a time of rapid socio-ecological and environmental change. Sustainable or \"healthy\" ecosystems supply clean air, water and habitat for a diverse array of plants and animals. As described in Chapter 1, sustainable ecosystems retain characteristic processes like hydrological flux and storage, geomorphic processes, biogeochemical cycling and storage, biological activity and productivity, and population regeneration and reproduction over the normal cycle of disturbance events (modified from Chapin and others 1996 and Christensen and others 1996). Ecological restoration of stressed or disturbed ecosystems in an integral part of managing for sustainable ecosystems. The Society of Ecological Restoration International (SERI) defines ecological restoration as the process of assisting the recovery of an ecosystem that has been degraded, damaged, or destroyed (SERI 2004).
\nMany of the southern Nevada's ecosystems are being subjected to anthropogenic stressors that span global, regional, and local scales (Chapter 2)., and are crossing ecological thresholds to new alternative states (Chapter 4 and Chapter 5). These alternative states often represent novel communities with disturbance regimes that differ significantly from historic conditions. Past management and restoration goals often focused on returning ecosystems to pre-disturbance conditions (Harris and others 2006). This approach assumes stable or equilibrium conditions and ignores changes in ecosystems processes due to land uses, increases in CO2 concentrations, and climate change. A more realistic approach is to base management and restoration goals on the current potential of an ecosystem to support a given set of ecological conditions, and on the likelihood of future change due to warming climate (Harris and others 2006). This approach requires understanding ecosystem resilience to anthropogenic disturbance and climate change, the alternative states that exist for ecosystems, and the factors that result in threshold crossing (Bestelmeyer and others 2009; Hobbs and Harris 2001; Stingham and others 2003; Whisemnant 1999). It also requires the ability to predict how climate is likely to influence ecosystems in the future (Harris and others 2006).
\nThis chapter addresses the restoration aspects of Sub-goal 1.3 in the SNAP Science Research Strategy which is to restore and sustain proper function of southern Nevada's watersheds and landscapes (able 1.3; Turner and others 2009). The effects of global, regional and local stresses on southern Nevada ecosystems are presented in Chapter 2. Here, we discuss appropriate objectives and develop guidelines for maintaining and restoring southern Nevada ecosystems. We then discuss the differences in ecological resilience to stress and disturbance and resistance to invasive species in southern Nevada ecosystems and describe restoration and management approaches for the different ecosystem types. We conclude with knowledge gaps and management implications.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Southern Nevada Agency Partnership science and research synthesis: Science to support land management in southern Nevada (General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-303)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Forest Service","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Chambers, J., Pendleton, B.K., Sada, D.W., Ostoja, S.M., and Brooks, M.L., 2013, Maintaining and restoring sustainable ecosystems in southern Nevada: General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-303, 30 p.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"154","numberOfPages":"30","ipdsId":"IP-037932","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294532,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294531,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs/rmrs_gtr303.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.62994356826636,\n 35.02392827573823\n ],\n [\n -114.71108092890972,\n 36.05434128183754\n ],\n [\n -114.1610398819929,\n 35.96903144947467\n ],\n [\n -113.99956682074821,\n 39.38359318014548\n ],\n [\n -120.06431672841825,\n 39.64524306073176\n ],\n [\n -120.09127846963423,\n 38.90168971729281\n ],\n [\n -114.62994356826636,\n 35.02392827573823\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54252ec0e4b0e641df8a7085","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chambers, Jeanne C.","contributorId":75889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chambers","given":"Jeanne C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pendleton, Burton K.","contributorId":107187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pendleton","given":"Burton","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sada, Donald W.","contributorId":20673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sada","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ostoja, Steven M. sostoja@usgs.gov","contributorId":3039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostoja","given":"Steven","email":"sostoja@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":33665,"text":"USDA California Climate Hub, UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":500454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brooks, Matthew L. 0000-0002-3518-6787 mlbrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-6787","contributorId":393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Matthew","email":"mlbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70118577,"text":"70118577 - 2013 - Public release of the ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900-2009)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-29T12:59:34","indexId":"70118577","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T12:58:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Public release of the ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900-2009)","docAbstract":"The International Seismological Centre–Global Earthquake Model (ISC–GEM) Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900–2009) is the result of a special effort to substantially extend and improve currently existing global catalogs to serve the requirements of specific user groups who assess and model seismic hazard and risk. The data from the ISC–GEM Catalogue would be used worldwide yet will prove absolutely essential in those regions where a high seismicity level strongly correlates with a high population density.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Seismological Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0220130034","usgsCitation":"Storchak, D.A., Di Giacomo, D., Bondara, I., Engdahl, E.R., Harris, J., Lee, W.H., Villaseñor, A., and Bormann, P., 2013, Public release of the ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900-2009): Seismological Research Letters, v. 84, no. 5, p. 810-815, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220130034.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"810","endPage":"815","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291316,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291315,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220130034"}],"volume":"84","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f37ee4b0bc0bec0a09db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storchak, Dmitry A.","contributorId":97828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storchak","given":"Dmitry","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Di Giacomo, Domenico","contributorId":50832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Di Giacomo","given":"Domenico","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bondara, Istvan","contributorId":58578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bondara","given":"Istvan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Engdahl, E. Robert","contributorId":20666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engdahl","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harris, James","contributorId":102402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lee, William H.K.","contributorId":76836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Villaseñor, Antonio","contributorId":100969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villaseñor","given":"Antonio","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bormann, Peter","contributorId":52079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bormann","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70057589,"text":"70057589 - 2013 - Adaptive harvest management for the Svalbard population of pink-footed geese: cooperator report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-28T13:04:46","indexId":"70057589","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T12:57:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Adaptive harvest management for the Svalbard population of pink-footed geese: cooperator report","docAbstract":"This document describes progress to date on the development of a harvest‐management strategy\nfor maintaining pink‐footed goose abundance near their target level by providing for sustainable\nharvests in Norway and Denmark. Many goose populations in western Europe have increased\ndramatically in recent decades. The Svalbard population of pink‐footed geese (Anser\nbrachyrhynchus) is a good example, increasing from about 10 thousand individuals in the early\n1960’s to roughly 80 thousand today. Although these geese are a highly valued resource, the\ngrowing numbers of geese are causing agricultural conflicts in wintering and staging areas. The\nAfrican‐Eurasian Waterbird Agreement (AEWA; http://www.unep‐aewa.org/) calls for means to\nmanage populations which cause conflicts with certain human economic activities.
\nWe compiled relevant demographic and weather data and specified an annual‐cycle model for pink-footed\ngeese that reconciles the different dates of monitoring activities and the timing of harvest-management\ndecisions. We then developed dynamic models for survival and reproductive\nprocesses and parameterized them using available data. By combining varying hypotheses about\nsurvival and reproduction, we developed a suite of nine models that represent a wide range of\npossibilities concerning the extent to which demographic rates are density dependent or\nindependent, and the extent to which spring temperatures are important. These nine models\nvaried significantly in their predictions of the harvest required to stabilize current population size,\nranging from a low of about 500 to a high of about 17 thousand. For comparison, the harvest in\nNorway and Denmark was about 11 thousand in 2011 and the population increased from 70 to 80\nthousand.
\nWe relied on the passive form of adaptive management in formulating a harvest strategy. In\npassive adaptive management, alternative population models and their associated weights of\nevidence are explicitly considered in the development of an optimal harvest strategy. Unlike active\nadaptive management, however, there is no explicit consideration of how harvest management\nactions could reduce uncertainty as to the most appropriate model of population dynamics. In\noptimizing a harvest strategy, we assumed equal probabilities for all nine models and assumed\nrelatively course control over harvest. We used a management objective that seeks to maximize\nsustainable harvest, but avoids harvest decisions that are expected to result in a subsequent\npopulation size different than the population goal of 60 thousand. Optimal harvest strategies were\ncalculated using stochastic dynamic programming, and Monte Carlo simulations were used to\ninvestigate expected strategy performance.
\nThe optimal passive adaptive‐management strategy is expected to maintain mean population size\nnear 60 thousand, regardless of the most appropriate model. However, mean harvest rates and\nharvests varied substantially depending on the most appropriate model of population dynamics.\nWith an average number of days above freezing in May in Svalbard, optimal harvest rates (i.e., the\nproportion of the population to be harvested in autumn) increase rapidly once there are more than\nabout 50 thousand birds in the population. Generally, optimal harvests were on the order of 10 –\n20 thousand for population sizes > 60 thousand, and 0 – 5 thousand for population sizes < 60\nthousand. For the observations of young of 15.4 thousand and adults of 54.6 thousand in autumn\n2010, and 10 days above freezing in May 2011 (a relatively warm spring compared to the average of about 7), the optimal harvest rate in autumn of 2011 would have been 0.16, or a harvest of about\n14 thousand. Based on the optimal strategy, hunting‐season closures would be required as the\nnumber of adults in the autumn population falls below about 52 thousand, regardless of the\nnumber of young in the population. As the number of adults and young decrease, the number of\nwarm days in May required to keep the hunting season open increases. We also investigated the\nability of the optimal strategy to stabilize the population at around 60 thousand birds, assuming\nvarying values of the maximum harvest rate that could be implemented. Harvest strategies that\ncontained a maximum harvest rate of 0.16 (equivalent to a harvest of about 17 thousand) were\neffective at stabilizing the population at 60 thousand within 4‐5 years, regardless of climate\nscenario. Harvest strategies with a maximum harvest rate of 0.12 (harvest ≈ 13 thousand) were\nalso able to stabilize the population near 60 thousand, although it took more time. Harvest\nstrategies with a maximum harvest rate of 0.08 (harvest ≈ 8 thousand) were unsuccessful at\nstabilizing the population at 60 thousand.
\nContinued monitoring of the pink‐footed goose population on an annual basis is critical to an\ninformed harvest management strategy. At a minimum, the ground census in November should be\ncontinued to determine population size and proportion of young. Continued estimates of harvest\nfrom Norway and Denmark are also necessary to help judge the credibility of the alternative\npopulation models. However, an adaptive management process that relies on periodic updating of\nmodel weights will depend on acquiring either estimates of the realized harvest rate of adults or the\nage composition of the harvest. We also recommend that a census conducted during spring\nmigration be operationalized, and that estimates of survival based on mark‐recapture data be\nupdated. Finally, the International Working Group has expressed a desire to adopt a three‐year\ncycle of decision making related to the regulation of pink‐footed goose harvests. The idea is that\nonce a target harvest level is adopted, it would remain in place for three years, after which time\npopulation status would be assessed and a potentially new management action chosen. We have\ndeveloped a preliminary framework to implement a three‐year cycle using stochastic dynamic\nprogramming, and we hope to have it fully operational later this year . We note, however, that\napplication of this 3‐year framework will still require annual resource monitoring and assessments\nto facilitate learning, and to allow managers the opportunity to respond to any unforeseen change\nin resource conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"AEWA","collaboration":"Progress summary prepared for the AEWA Svalbard Pink Footed Goose International Working Group","usgsCitation":"Johnson, F.A., Jensen, G., and Madsen, J., 2013, Adaptive harvest management for the Svalbard population of pink-footed geese: cooperator report, 48 p.","productDescription":"48 p.","numberOfPages":"48","ipdsId":"IP-045931","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287675,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287674,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pinkfootedgoose.aewa.info/sites/default/files/article_attachments/AHM%20Cooperator%20Report%201%20(1Feb2013)%20FINAL.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53870561e4b0aa26cd7b537e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Fred A. 0000-0002-5854-3695 fjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-3695","contributorId":2773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Fred","email":"fjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jensen, Gitte H.","contributorId":74671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"Gitte H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Madsen, Jesper","contributorId":9950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madsen","given":"Jesper","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70048441,"text":"70048441 - 2013 - Modeling groundwater flow and quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-01T13:04:52","indexId":"70048441","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T12:57:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Modeling groundwater flow and quality","docAbstract":"In most areas, rocks in the subsurface are saturated with water at relatively shallow depths. The top of the saturated zone—the water table—typically occurs anywhere from just below land surface to hundreds of feet below the land surface. Groundwater generally fills all pore spaces below the water table and is part of a continuous dynamic flow system, in which the fluid is moving at velocities ranging from feet per millennia to feet per day (Fig. 33.1). While the water is in close contact with the surfaces of various minerals in the rock material, geochemical interactions between the water and the rock can affect the chemical quality of the water, including pH, dissolved solids composition, and trace-elements content. Thus, flowing groundwater is a major mechanism for the transport of chemicals from buried rocks to the accessible environment, as well as a major pathway from rocks to human exposure and consumption. Because the mineral composition of rocks is highly variable, as is the solubility of various minerals, the human-health effects of groundwater consumption will be highly variable.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Essentials of medical geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht; New York","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-4375-5_33","usgsCitation":"Konikow, L.F., and Glynn, P.D., 2013, Modeling groundwater flow and quality, chap. of Essentials of medical geology, p. 727-753, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4375-5_33.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"727","endPage":"753","numberOfPages":"27","ipdsId":"IP-037784","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278639,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278138,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4375-5_33"},{"id":278139,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.springer.com/earth+sciences+and+geography/geology/book/978-94-007-4374-8"}],"edition":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5274cd7ee4b089748f072435","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Selinus, Olle","contributorId":111910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selinus","given":"Olle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509615,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glynn, Pierre D. 0000-0001-8804-7003 pglynn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7003","contributorId":2141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glynn","given":"Pierre","email":"pglynn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70093267,"text":"70093267 - 2013 - Potential effects of climate change on inland glacial lakes and implications for lake-dependent biota in Wisconsin: final report April 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-11T12:54:52","indexId":"70093267","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T12:49:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"title":"Potential effects of climate change on inland glacial lakes and implications for lake-dependent biota in Wisconsin: final report April 2013","docAbstract":"The economic vitality and quality of life of many northern Wisconsin communities is closely \nassociated with the ecological condition of the abundant water resources in the region. Climate change \nmodels predict warmer temperatures, changes to precipitation patterns, and increased evapotranspiration in \nthe Great Lakes region. Recently (1950-2006), many regions of Wisconsin have experienced warming, and \nprecipitation has generally increased except in far northern Wisconsin. Modeling conducted by the \nUniversity of Wisconsin Nelson Environmental Institute Center for Climate Research predicts an increase \nin annual temperature by the middle of the 21st\n century of approximately 6°\nF statewide, and an increase in \nprecipitation of 1”–2”. However, summer precipitation in the northern part of the state is expected to be \nless and winter precipitation will be greater. By the end of the 21st century, the magnitude of changes in \ntemperature and precipitation are expected to intensify. \nSuch climatic changes have altered, and would further alter hydrological, chemical, and physical \nproperties of inland lakes. Lake-dependent wildlife sensitive to changes in water quality, are particularly \nsusceptible to lake quality-associated habitat changes and are likely to suffer restrictions to current breeding \ndistributions under some climate change scenarios. We have selected the common loon (Gavia immer) to \nserve as a sentinel lake-dependent piscivorous species to be used in the development of a template for \nlinking primary lake-dependent biota endpoints (e.g., decline in productivity and/or breeding range \ncontraction) to important lake quality indicators. In the current project, we evaluate how changes in \nfreshwater habitat quality (specifically lake clarity) may impact common loon lake occupancy in Wisconsin \nunder detailed climate-change scenarios. In addition, we employ simple land-use/land cover and habitat \nscenarios to illustrate the potential interaction of climate and land-use/land cover effects. The methods \nemployed here provide a template for studies where integration of physical and biotic models is used to \nproject future conditions under various climate and land use change scenarios. Findings presented here \nproject the future conditions of lakes and loons within an important watershed in northern Wisconsin – of \nimportance to water resource managers and state citizens alike.","language":"English","publisher":"Focus on Energy","collaboration":"Environmental and Economic Research and Development Program","usgsCitation":"Meyer, M., Walker, J.F., Kenow, K.P., Rasmussen, P.W., Garrison, P.J., Hanson, P.C., and Hunt, R.J., 2013, Potential effects of climate change on inland glacial lakes and implications for lake-dependent biota in Wisconsin: final report April 2013, x, 166 p.","productDescription":"x, 166 p.","numberOfPages":"176","ipdsId":"IP-038873","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286291,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.8894,42.4919 ], [ -92.8894,47.0807 ], [ -86.764,47.0807 ], [ -86.764,42.4919 ], [ -92.8894,42.4919 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"535594f7e4b0120853e8c10d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meyer, Michael W.","contributorId":38943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walker, John F. jfwalker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"John","email":"jfwalker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kenow, Kevin P. 0000-0002-3062-5197 kkenow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3062-5197","contributorId":3339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenow","given":"Kevin","email":"kkenow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rasmussen, Paul W.","contributorId":17753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garrison, Paul J.","contributorId":73193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrison","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hanson, Paul C.","contributorId":35634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12951,"text":"Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":490004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70148662,"text":"70148662 - 2013 - Spatial extent and dynamics of dam impacts on tropical island freshwater fish assemblages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-19T11:48:05","indexId":"70148662","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial extent and dynamics of dam impacts on tropical island freshwater fish assemblages","docAbstract":"Habitat connectivity is vital to the persistence of migratory fishes. Native tropical island stream fish assemblages composed of diadromous species require intact corridors between ocean and riverine habitats. High dams block fish migration, but low-head artificial barriers are more widespread and are rarely assessed for impacts. Among all 46 drainages in Puerto Rico, we identified and surveyed 335 artificial barriers that hinder fish migration to 74.5% of the upstream habitat. We also surveyed occupancy of native diadromous fishes (Anguillidae, Eleotridae, Gobiidae, and Mugilidae) in 118 river reaches. Occupancy models demonstrated that barriers 2 meters (m) high restricted nongoby fish migration and extirpated those fish upstream of 4-m barriers. Gobies are adapted to climbing and are restricted by 12-m barriers and extirpated upstream of 32-m barriers. Our findings quantitatively illustrate the extensive impact of low-head structures on island stream fauna and provide guidance for natural resource management, habitat restoration, and water development strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Biological Sciences","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1525/bio.2013.63.3.6","collaboration":"Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources through Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration; US Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Fish and Wildlife Management, Branch of Habitat Restoration; North Carolina State University; North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission; US Geological Survey; US Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute","usgsCitation":"Cooney, P.B., and Kwak, T.J., 2013, Spatial extent and dynamics of dam impacts on tropical island freshwater fish assemblages: BioScience, v. 63, no. 3, p. 176-190, https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2013.63.3.6.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"176","endPage":"190","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038818","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2013.63.3.6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":301369,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55853d5be4b023124e8f5b49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooney, Patrick B.","contributorId":141249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooney","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kwak, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0616-137X tkwak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0616-137X","contributorId":834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwak","given":"Thomas","email":"tkwak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":549048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70118570,"text":"70118570 - 2013 - 2D IR spectra of cyanide in water investigated by molecular dynamics simulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-29T12:45:03","indexId":"70118570","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T12:42:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2207,"text":"Journal of Chemical Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"2D IR spectra of cyanide in water investigated by molecular dynamics simulations","docAbstract":"Using classical molecular dynamics simulations, the 2D infrared (IR) spectroscopy of CN− solvated in D2O is investigated. Depending on the force field parametrizations, most of which are based on multipolar interactions for the CN− molecule, the frequency-frequency correlation function and observables computed from it differ. Most notably, models based on multipoles for CN− and TIP3P for water yield quantitatively correct results when compared with experiments. Furthermore, the recent finding that T 1 times are sensitive to the van der Waals ranges on the CN− is confirmed in the present study. For the linear IR spectrum, the best model reproduces the full widths at half maximum almost quantitatively (13.0 cm−1 vs. 14.9 cm−1) if the rotational contribution to the linewidth is included. Without the rotational contribution, the lines are too narrow by about a factor of two, which agrees with Raman and IR experiments. The computed and experimental tilt angles (or nodal slopes) α as a function of the 2D IR waiting time compare favorably with the measured ones and the frequency fluctuation correlation function is invariably found to contain three time scales: a sub-ps, 1 ps, and one on the 10-ps time scale. These time scales are discussed in terms of the structural dynamics of the surrounding solvent and it is found that the longest time scale (≈10 ps) most likely corresponds to solvent exchange between the first and second solvation shell, in agreement with interpretations from nuclear magnetic resonance measurements.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Chemical Physics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Physics","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1063/1.4815969","usgsCitation":"Lee, M.W., Carr, J.K., Gollner, M., Hamm, P., and Meuwly, M., 2013, 2D IR spectra of cyanide in water investigated by molecular dynamics simulations: Journal of Chemical Physics, v. 139, no. 5, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4815969.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":473998,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4815969","text":"External Repository"},{"id":291309,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291308,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4815969"}],"volume":"139","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f37ee4b0bc0bec0a09dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Myung Won","contributorId":58950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","email":"","middleInitial":"Won","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carr, Joshua K.","contributorId":99904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gollner, Michael","contributorId":96200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gollner","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hamm, Peter","contributorId":17161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamm","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meuwly, Markus","contributorId":79408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meuwly","given":"Markus","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70048304,"text":"70048304 - 2013 - Reactive transport modeling at uranium in situ recovery sites: uncertainties in uranium sorption on iron hydroxides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-08T12:37:25","indexId":"70048304","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T11:59:18","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Reactive transport modeling at uranium in situ recovery sites: uncertainties in uranium sorption on iron hydroxides","docAbstract":"Geochemical changes that can occur down gradient from uranium in situ recovery (ISR) sites are important for various stakeholders to understand when evaluating potential effects on surrounding groundwater quality. If down gradient solid-phase material consists of sandstone with iron hydroxide coatings (no pyrite or organic carbon), sorption of uranium on iron hydroxides can control uranium mobility. Using one-dimensional reactive transport models with PHREEQC, two different geochemical databases, and various geochemical parameters, the uncertainties in uranium sorption on iron hydroxides are evaluated, because these oxidized zones create a greater risk for future uranium transport than fully reduced zones where uranium generally precipitates.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annual International Mine Water Association Conference: Reliable Mine Water Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Mine Water Association","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.H., and Tutu, H., 2013, Reactive transport modeling at uranium in situ recovery sites: uncertainties in uranium sorption on iron hydroxides, in Annual International Mine Water Association Conference: Reliable Mine Water Technology, v. I, p. 377-382.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"377","endPage":"382","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-046046","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285891,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":285890,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.imwa.info/imwa-meetings/proceedings/278-proceedings-2013.html"}],"volume":"I","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355952fe4b0120853e8c17e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Brown, Adrian","contributorId":114141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Adrian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509607,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Figueroa, Linda","contributorId":112780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Figueroa","given":"Linda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509606,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolkersdorfer, Christian","contributorId":111680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolkersdorfer","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509605,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Raymond H. rhjohnso@usgs.gov","contributorId":707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Raymond","email":"rhjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tutu, Hlanganani","contributorId":68218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tutu","given":"Hlanganani","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70048555,"text":"70048555 - 2013 - NW CSC annual report fiscal year 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-28T12:02:51","indexId":"70048555","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T11:51:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"NW CSC annual report fiscal year 2013","docAbstract":"The Northwest Climate Science Center (NW CSC) was established in 2010 as one of eight regional Climate Science Centers created by the Department of the Interior (DOI). The NW CSC encompasses Washing-ton, Oregon, Idaho, and western Montana and has overlapping boundaries with three Landscape Conservation Cooperatives (LCCs): the Great Northern, the Great Basin, and the North Pacific. With guidance from its Executive Stakeholder Advisory Committee (ESAC), the NW CSC and its partner LCCs are addressing the highest priority regional climate science needs of Northwest natural and cultural resource managers.
\nClimate Science Centers tap into the scientific expertise of both the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and academic institutions. The NW CSC is supported by an academic consortium with the capacity to generate climate science and tools in a coordinated fashion, serving stakeholders across the Northwest region. This consortium is primarily represented by Oregon State University (OSU), the University of Id-ho (UI), and the University of Washington (UW). The academic consortium and USGS provide capabilities in climate science, ecology, impacts and vulnerability assessment, modeling, adaptation planning, and advanced information technology, all necessary to address and respond to climate change in the Northwest. University members also recruit and train graduate students and early-career scientists.
\nThis Annual Report summarizes progress for the goals set out in the NW CSC Strategic Plan for 2012-2015 (http://www.doi.gov/csc/northwest/upload/Northwest-CSC-Strategic-Plan.cfm) and the NW CSC Work-plan for Fiscal Year (FY) 2013 (October 1, 2012 through September 30, 2013). The report follows the structure of the Strategic Plan, which describes the five core services (Executive, Science, Data, Communications, and Education and Training) provided by the NW CSC in support of the stated vision:
\nOur Vision: To become nationally recognized as a best-practice model for the provision of climate science and decision support tools to address conservation and management issues in the Pacific Northwest Region.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior","publisherLocation":"Washington D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70048555","usgsCitation":"Bisbal, G., 2013, NW CSC annual report fiscal year 2013, iii, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70048555.","productDescription":"iii, 13 p.","numberOfPages":"16","temporalStart":"2012-10-01","temporalEnd":"2013-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-051927","costCenters":[{"id":484,"text":"Northwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287672,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287671,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.doi.gov/csc/northwest/upload/NWCSC-FY13-FINAL-Annual-Report-20DEC13.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5387056fe4b0aa26cd7b53dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bisbal, Gustavo A.","contributorId":22249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bisbal","given":"Gustavo A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70046795,"text":"70046795 - 2013 - Influence of disturbance on temperate forest productivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-17T11:46:37","indexId":"70046795","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T11:43:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of disturbance on temperate forest productivity","docAbstract":"Climate, tree species traits, and soil fertility are key controls on forest productivity. However, in most forest ecosystems, natural and human disturbances, such as wind throw, fire, and harvest, can also exert important and lasting direct and indirect influence over productivity. We used an ecosystem model, PnET-CN, to examine how disturbance type, intensity, and frequency influence net primary production (NPP) across a range of forest types from Minnesota and Wisconsin, USA. We assessed the importance of past disturbances on NPP, net N mineralization, foliar N, and leaf area index at 107 forest stands of differing types (aspen, jack pine, northern hardwood, black spruce) and disturbance history (fire, harvest) by comparing model simulations with observations. The model reasonably predicted differences among forest types in productivity, foliar N, leaf area index, and net N mineralization. Model simulations that included past disturbances minimally improved predictions compared to simulations without disturbance, suggesting the legacy of past disturbances played a minor role in influencing current forest productivity rates. Modeled NPP was more sensitive to the intensity of soil removal during a disturbance than the fraction of stand mortality or wood removal. Increasing crown fire frequency resulted in lower NPP, particularly for conifer forest types with longer leaf life spans and longer recovery times. These findings suggest that, over long time periods, moderate frequency disturbances are a relatively less important control on productivity than climate, soil, and species traits.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-012-9599-y","usgsCitation":"Peters, E.B., Wythers, K.R., Bradford, J.B., and Reich, P., 2013, Influence of disturbance on temperate forest productivity: Ecosystems, v. 16, no. 1, p. 95-110, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-012-9599-y.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"95","endPage":"110","ipdsId":"IP-033859","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275113,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275112,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-012-9599-y"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51e7bce0e4b080b82b09c631","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peters, Emily B.","contributorId":76210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wythers, Kirk R.","contributorId":84252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wythers","given":"Kirk","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reich, Peter B.","contributorId":75835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"Peter B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70047004,"text":"70047004 - 2013 - Estimating direct fatality impacts at wind farms: how far we’ve come, where we have yet to go","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-24T11:41:55","indexId":"70047004","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T11:34:22","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Estimating direct fatality impacts at wind farms: how far we’ve come, where we have yet to go","docAbstract":"Measuring the potential impacts of wind farms on wildlife can be difficult and may require development \nof new statistical tools and models to accurately reflect the measurement process. This presentation \nreviews the recent history of approaches to estimating wildlife fatality under the unique conditions \nencountered at wind farms, their unifying themes and their potential shortcomings. Avenues of future \nresearch are suggested to continue to address the needs of resource managers and industry in \nunderstanding direct impacts of wind turbine-caused wildlife fatality.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"PNWWRM IX. Proceedings of the Wind-Wildlife Research Meeting IX, Broomfield, CO, November 28-30, 2012","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Prepared for the Wildlife Workgroup of the National Wind Coordinating Collaborative by the American Wind Wildlife Institute","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Huso, M.M., 2013, Estimating direct fatality impacts at wind farms: how far we’ve come, where we have yet to go, in PNWWRM IX. Proceedings of the Wind-Wildlife Research Meeting IX, Broomfield, CO, November 28-30, 2012, p. 136-140.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"136","endPage":"140","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-044171","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281484,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274928,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nationalwind.org/research/meetings/research-meeting-ix/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5800e4b0b290850f7ce7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Schwartz, Susan Savitt","contributorId":114140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"Savitt","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509349,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Huso, Manuela M.","contributorId":48062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huso","given":"Manuela","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70170999,"text":"70170999 - 2013 - In-stream attenuation of neuro-active pharmaceuticals and their metabolites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-17T10:32:28","indexId":"70170999","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In-stream attenuation of neuro-active pharmaceuticals and their metabolites","docAbstract":"In-stream attenuation was determined for 14 neuro-active pharmaceuticals and associated metabolites. Lagrangian sampling, which follows a parcel of water as it moves downstream, was used to link hydrological and chemical transformation processes. Wastewater loading of neuro-active compounds varied considerably over a span of several hours, and thus a sampling regime was used to verify that the Lagrangian parcel was being sampled and a mechanism was developed to correct measured concentrations if it was not. In-stream attenuation over the 5.4-km evaluated reach could be modeled as pseudo-first-order decay for 11 of the 14 evaluated neuro-active pharmaceutical compounds, illustrating the capacity of streams to reduce conveyance of neuro-active compounds downstream. Fluoxetine and N-desmethyl citalopram were the most rapidly attenuated compounds (t1/2 = 3.6 ± 0.3 h, 4.0 ± 0.2 h, respectively). Lamotrigine, 10,11,-dihydro-10,11,-dihydroxy-carbamazepine, and carbamazepine were the most persistent (t1/2 = 12 ± 2.0 h, 12 ± 2.6 h, 21 ± 4.5 h, respectively). Parent compounds (e.g., buproprion, carbamazepine, lamotrigine) generally were more persistent relative to their metabolites. Several compounds (citalopram, venlafaxine, O-desmethyl-venlafaxine) were not attenuated. It was postulated that the primary mechanism of removal for these compounds was interaction with bed sediments and stream biofilms, based on measured concentrations in stream biofilms and a column experiment using stream sediments.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publisherLocation":"Easton, PA","doi":"10.1021/es402158t","usgsCitation":"Writer, J., Antweiler, R.C., Ferrar, I., Ryan, J.N., and Thurman, M., 2013, In-stream attenuation of neuro-active pharmaceuticals and their metabolites: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 47, no. 17, p. 9781-9790, https://doi.org/10.1021/es402158t.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"9781","endPage":"9790","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046093","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321290,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d659ee4b07e28b668457f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Writer, Jeffrey 0000-0002-8585-8166 jwriter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8585-8166","contributorId":169360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Writer","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jwriter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Antweiler, Ronald C. 0000-0001-5652-6034 antweil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-6034","contributorId":1481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"Ronald","email":"antweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ferrar, Imma","contributorId":169361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferrar","given":"Imma","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25479,"text":"CU Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ryan, Joseph N.","contributorId":54290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":604,"text":"University of Colorado- Boulder","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":629436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thurman, Michael","contributorId":72872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70123971,"text":"70123971 - 2013 - An overview of the Southern Nevada Agency Partnership science and research synthesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-30T14:52:22.632431","indexId":"70123971","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T11:22:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":32,"text":"General Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"RMRS-GTR-303","chapter":"1","title":"An overview of the Southern Nevada Agency Partnership science and research synthesis","docAbstract":"Maintaining and restoring the diverse ecosystems and resources that occur in southern Nevada in the face of rapid socio-economic and ecological change presents numerous challenged to Federal land managers. Rapid population growth since the 1980s, the land uses associated with that growth, and the interactions of those uses with the generally dry and highly variable climate result in numerous stresses to ecosystems, species, and cultural resource. In addition, climate models predict that the rate of temperature increase and, thus, changes in ecological processes, will be highest for ecosystems like the Mojave Desert. The Southern Nevada Agency Partnership (SNAP; http:www.SNAP.gov) was established in 1999 to address common issues pertaining to public lands in southern Nevada. Partners include the Bureau of Land Management, National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and USDA Forest Service and they work with each other, the local community, and other partners. SNAP agencies manage more than seven million acres of public lands in southern Nevada (95% of the land area). Federal land includes two national recreation areas, two national conservation area, four national wildlife refuges, 18 congressionally designated wilderness areas, five wilderness study areas, and 22 areas of critical environmental concern. The partnership's activities are mainly centered in Southern Nevada's Clark County (fig. 1.1), but lands managed by SNAP partner agencies also include portions of Lake Mead National Recreation Area in Mohave County, Arizona, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and USDA Forest Service-managed lands in Lincoln and Nye Counties, Nevada, and all lands and activities managed by the Southern Nevada District Office of the Bureau of Land Management. These lands encompass nine distinct ecosystem types (fig. 1.2), support multiple species of management concern an 17 listed species, and are rich in cultural and historic resource. This introductory executive summary discusses the Science and Research Strategy developed by the SNAP agencies, the Science and Research Report, and need for science-based management in southern Nevada.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Southern Nevada Agency Partnership science and research synthesis: science to support land management in southern Nevada (General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-304)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Forest Service","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Chambers, J., Brooks, M.L., Turner, K., Raish, C.B., and Ostoja, S.M., 2013, An overview of the Southern Nevada Agency Partnership science and research synthesis: General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-303, 7 p.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-037930","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294322,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294321,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/43873","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.62994356826636,\n 35.02392827573823\n ],\n [\n -114.71108092890972,\n 36.05434128183754\n ],\n [\n -114.1610398819929,\n 35.96903144947467\n ],\n [\n -113.99956682074821,\n 39.38359318014548\n ],\n [\n -120.06431672841825,\n 39.64524306073176\n ],\n [\n -120.09127846963423,\n 38.90168971729281\n ],\n [\n -114.62994356826636,\n 35.02392827573823\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5422bb14e4b08312ac7cef04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chambers, Jeanne C.","contributorId":75889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chambers","given":"Jeanne C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brooks, Matthew L. 0000-0002-3518-6787 mlbrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-6787","contributorId":393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Matthew","email":"mlbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turner, Kent","contributorId":11486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Kent","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Raish, Carol B.","contributorId":75864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raish","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ostoja, Steven M. sostoja@usgs.gov","contributorId":3039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostoja","given":"Steven","email":"sostoja@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":33665,"text":"USDA California Climate Hub, UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":500479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70103396,"text":"70103396 - 2013 - Influences of Availability on Parameter Estimates from Site Occupancy Models with Application to Submersed Aquatic Vegetation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-05T11:31:31","indexId":"70103396","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T11:09:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2827,"text":"Natural Resource Modeling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influences of Availability on Parameter Estimates from Site Occupancy Models with Application to Submersed Aquatic Vegetation","docAbstract":"Site occupancy models are commonly used by ecologists to estimate the probabilities of species site occupancy and of species detection. This study addresses the influence on site occupancy and detection estimates of variation in species availability among surveys within sites. Such variation in availability may result from temporary emigration, nonavailability of the species for detection, and sampling sites spatially when species presence is not uniform within sites. We demonstrate, using Monte Carlo simulations and aquatic vegetation data, that variation in availability and heterogeneity in the probability of availability may yield biases in the expected values of the site occupancy and detection estimates that have traditionally been associated with low-detection probabilities and heterogeneity in those probabilities. These findings confirm that the effects of availability may be important for ecologists and managers, and that where such effects are expected, modification of sampling designs and/or analytical methods should be considered. Failure to limit the effects of availability may preclude reliable estimation of the probability of site occupancy.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural Resource Modeling","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/nrm.12012","usgsCitation":"Gray, B.R., Holland, M., Yi, F., and Starcevich, L.A., 2013, Influences of Availability on Parameter Estimates from Site Occupancy Models with Application to Submersed Aquatic Vegetation: Natural Resource Modeling, v. 26, no. 4, p. 526-545, https://doi.org/10.1111/nrm.12012.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"526","endPage":"545","ipdsId":"IP-029877","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nrm.12012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":286874,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286846,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nrm.12012"}],"volume":"26","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-04-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5368b2f3e4b059f7e8288344","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, Brian R. 0000-0001-7682-9550 brgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-9550","contributorId":2615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Brian","email":"brgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holland, Mark D.","contributorId":84887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland","given":"Mark D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yi, Feng","contributorId":45224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yi","given":"Feng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Starcevich, Leigh Ann Harrod","contributorId":107202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starcevich","given":"Leigh","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann Harrod","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70146643,"text":"70146643 - 2013 - 234U/238U and δ87Sr in peat as tracers of paleosalinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta of California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-22T15:29:15","indexId":"70146643","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"234U/238U and δ87Sr in peat as tracers of paleosalinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta of California, USA","docAbstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the history of paleosalinity over the past 6000+ years in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (the Delta), which is the innermost part of the San Francisco Estuary. We used a combination of Sr and U concentrations, d87Sr values, and 234U/238U activity ratios (AR) in peat as proxies for tracking paleosalinity. Peat cores were collected in marshes on Browns Island, Franks Wetland, and Bacon Channel Island in the Delta. Cores were dated using 137Cs, the onset of Pb and Hg contamination from hydraulic gold mining, and 14C. A proof of concept study showed that the dominant emergent macrophyte and major component of peat in the Delta, Schoenoplectus spp., incorporates Sr and U and that the isotopic composition of these elements tracks the ambient water salinity across the Estuary. Concentrations and isotopic compositions of Sr and U in the three main water sources contributing to the Delta (seawater, Sacramento River water, and San Joaquin River water) were used to construct a three-end-member mixing model. Delta paleosalinity was determined by examining variations in the distribution of peat samples through time within the area delineated by the mixing model. The Delta has long been considered a tidal freshwater marsh region, but only peat samples from Franks Wetland and Bacon Channel Island have shown a consistently fresh signal (<0.5 ppt) through time. Therefore, the eastern Delta, which occurs upstream from Bacon Channel Island along the San Joaquin River and its tributaries, has also been fresh for this time period. Over the past 6000+ years, the salinity regime at the western boundary of the Delta (Browns Island) has alternated between fresh and oligohaline (0.5-5 ppt).
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.10.011","usgsCitation":"Drexler, J., Paces, J.B., Alpers, C.N., Windham-Myers, L., Neymark, L., Bullen, T.D., and Taylor, H.E., 2013, 234U/238U and δ87Sr in peat as tracers of paleosalinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta of California, USA: Applied Geochemistry, v. 40, p. 164-179, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.10.011.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"164","endPage":"179","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-033405","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299774,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":299758,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.10.011"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.8632698059082,\n 38.014017213644024\n ],\n [\n -121.8632698059082,\n 38.07998712800633\n ],\n [\n -121.77331924438477,\n 38.07998712800633\n ],\n [\n -121.77331924438477,\n 38.014017213644024\n ],\n [\n -121.8632698059082,\n 38.014017213644024\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5536232de4b0b22a15807a77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drexler, Judith Z. 0000-0002-0127-3866 jdrexler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-3866","contributorId":1659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"Judith Z.","email":"jdrexler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paces, James B. 0000-0002-9809-8493 jbpaces@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8493","contributorId":2514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paces","given":"James","email":"jbpaces@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Windham-Myers, Lisamarie 0000-0003-0281-9581 lwindham-myers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0281-9581","contributorId":2449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Windham-Myers","given":"Lisamarie","email":"lwindham-myers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - 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Field data as well as theoretical concepts indicate that potentiometric surfaces within the study area are shown to resemble to a large degree a subdued replica of surface topography. Consequently, precipitation that infiltrates to the water table flows laterally from highland to lowland areas and eventually discharges to streams such as Northeast and Wallace Creeks and New River. Vertically downward hydraulic gradients occur in highland areas resulting in the transfer of groundwater from shallow relatively unconfined aquifers to underlying confined or semi-confined aquifers. Conversely, in the vicinity of large streams such as Wallace and Frenchs Creeks, diffuse upward leakage occurs from underlying confined or semi-confined aquifers. Point water-level data indicating water-table altitudes, water-table altitudes estimated using a regression equation, and estimates of stream levels determined from a digital elevation model (DEM) and topographic maps were used to estimate a predevelopment water-table surface in the study area. Approximate flow lines along hydraulic gradients are shown on a predevelopment potentiometric surface map and extend from highland areas where potentiometric levels are greatest toward streams such as Wallace Creek and Northeast Creek. The distribution of potentiometric levels and corresponding groundwater-flow directions conform closely to related descriptions of the conceptual model.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Analyses and historical reconstruction of groundwater flow, contaminant fate and transport, and distribution of drinking water within the service areas of the Hadnot Point and Holcomb Boulevard Water Treatment Plants and Vicinities, U.S. Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry","publisherLocation":"Atlanta, GA","usgsCitation":"Faye, R.E., Jones, L.E., and Suárez-Soto, R., 2013, Descriptions and characterizations of water-level data and groundwater flow for the Brewster Boulevard and Castle Hayne Aquifer Systems and the Tarawa Terrace Aquifer, v, 102 p.","productDescription":"v, 102 p.","numberOfPages":"112","ipdsId":"IP-044303","costCenters":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275567,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"U.S. Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.642065,34.449951 ], [ -77.642065,34.824047 ], [ -77.065869,34.824047 ], [ -77.065869,34.449951 ], [ -77.642065,34.449951 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51f8e061e4b0cecbe8fa9864","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faye, Robert E.","contributorId":92221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faye","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, L. 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Damages include increased fire risk, losses in biodiversity, and diminished revenues and quality of life. Feasibility of sustained and successful mitigation will depend heavily on rates of spread, treatment capacity, and cost–benefit analysis. We created a decision support model for the wildland–urban interface north of Tucson, AZ, using a spatial state-and-transition simulation modeling framework, the Tool for Exploratory Landscape Scenario Analyses. We addressed the issues of undetected invasions, identifying potentially suitable habitat and calibrating spread rates, while answering questions about how to allocate resources among inventory, treatment, and maintenance. Inputs to the model include a state-and-transition simulation model to describe the succession and control of buffelgrass, a habitat suitability model, management planning zones, spread vectors, estimated dispersal kernels for buffelgrass, and maps of current distribution. Our spatial simulations showed that without treatment, buffelgrass infestations that started with as little as 80 ha (198 ac) could grow to more than 6,000 ha by the year 2060. In contrast, applying unlimited management resources could limit 2060 infestation levels to approximately 50 ha. The application of sufficient resources toward inventory is important because undetected patches of buffelgrass will tend to grow exponentially. In our simulations, areas affected by buffelgrass may increase substantially over the next 50 yr, but a large, upfront investment in buffelgrass control could reduce the infested area and overall management costs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Weed Science Society of America","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1614/IPSM-D-11-00065.1","usgsCitation":"Frid, L., Holcombe, T., Morisette, J.T., Olsson, A.D., Brigham, L., Bean, T.M., Betancourt, J.L., and Bryan, K., 2013, Using state-and-transition modeling to account for imperfect detection in invasive species management: Invasive Plant Science and Management, v. 6, no. 1, p. 36-47, https://doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-D-11-00065.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"47","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-029590","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281078,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281077,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-D-11-00065.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","city":"Tucson","otherGeospatial":"Sonoran Desert","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.0361,32.1495 ], [ -111.0361,32.5005 ], [ -110.5218,32.5005 ], [ -110.5218,32.1495 ], [ -111.0361,32.1495 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7ad3e4b0b2908510dbca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frid, Leonardo","contributorId":56553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frid","given":"Leonardo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holcombe, Tracy","contributorId":93817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holcombe","given":"Tracy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morisette, Jeffrey T. 0000-0002-0483-0082 morisettej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0483-0082","contributorId":307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morisette","given":"Jeffrey","email":"morisettej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":477,"text":"North Central Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olsson, Aaryn D.","contributorId":71044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsson","given":"Aaryn","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brigham, Lindy","contributorId":32080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brigham","given":"Lindy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bean, Travis M.","contributorId":72702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bean","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bryan, Katherine","contributorId":8377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryan","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ]}