Several modelling and observational studies suggest deep water formation in the subpolar North Pacific as a possible alternative mode of thermohaline circulation that occurred in the warm Pliocene, a time when global atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide was like the modern atmosphere (~400 ppm). We test this hypothesis by measuring the δ13C of the benthic foraminifer Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi collected from northernmost Pacific mid-Piacenzian Warm Period (3.264–3.025 Myr ago) sediments. The data reveal progressively more isotopically negative dissolved inorganic carbon along a northward Equator-to-pole transect, the opposite of the expected Pliocene Pacific meridional overturning circulation signal. C. wuellerstorfi δ13C is also often more positive at the deeper Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) site 887 compared with the shallower ODP site 883, suggesting ‘bottom-up’ ventilation of the deep Pacific Ocean. We then present alkenone sea surface temperature and export-productivity data from ODP site 883, which suggest that late Pliocene subarctic North Pacific carbonate sedimentation was, at least in part, probably due to higher coccolithophore export production, rather than North Pacific Deep Water formation as previously argued. Therefore, we suggest it is unlikely that North Pacific Deep Water formation occurred in the mid-Piacenzian Warm Period, although a shallower overturning cell cannot be ruled out.
Urban land cover types influence the urban microclimates. However, recent work indicates the magnitude of land cover's microclimate influence is affected by aridity. Moreover, this variation in cooling and warming potentials of urban land cover types can substantially alter the exposure of urban areas to extreme heat. Our goal is to understand both the relative influences of urban land cover on local air temperature, as well as how these influences vary during periods of extreme heat. To do so we apply predictive machine learning models to an extensive in-situ microclimate and 1 m land cover dataset across eight U.S. cities spanning a wide aridity gradient during typical and extreme heat conditions. We demonstrate how the cooling influence of tree canopy and the warming influence of buildings on microclimate linearly scales with regional aridity, while the influence of turf and impervious surfaces does not. These interactions lead tree canopy to consistently mitigate to air temperature increases during periods extreme heat in arid cities, while the influence of urban tree canopy on extreme heat in humid regions is varied, suggesting that mitigation is possible, but tree canopy can also aggravate extreme heat or have no significant effect.
In this paper, we review the derivation of the Gauss–Levenberg–Marquardt (GLM) algorithm and its extension to ensemble parameter estimation. We explore the use of graphical methods to provide insights into how the algorithm works in practice and discuss the implications of both algorithm tuning parameters and objective function construction in performance. Some insights include understanding the control of both parameter trajectory and step size for GLM as a function of tuning parameters. Furthermore, for the iterative Ensemble Smoother (iES), we discuss the importance of noise on observations and show how iES can cope with non-unique outcomes based on objective function construction. These insights are valuable for modelers using PEST, PEST++, or similar parameter estimation tools.
Due to the socioeconomic and environmental damages caused by invasive species, predicting the distribution of invasive plants is fundamental for effectively targeting management efforts. A habitat suitability model (HSM) is a powerful tool to predict potential habitat of invasive species to help guide the early detection of invasive plants. Despite numerous studies of the predictors used in HSMs, there is little consensus about the most appropriate predictors to use in creating ecologically realistic predictions from HSMs.
The contiguous United States.
We explore 220 invasive terrestrial plant species' existing HSMs constructed with consistent modelling algorithms, background generation methods, predictor resolution, and geographic extent, and calculate the relative importance of predictors for each species. We sort predictors into eight groups (topography, temperature, disturbance, atmospheric water, landscape water, substrate, biotic interaction, and radiation) and compare the importance of predictor groups by plant lifeforms and phylogenetic relatedness.
Human modification and minimum winter temperature were generally the two highest performing individual predictors across the species studied. The highest-performing predictor groups were disturbance, temperature, and atmospheric water. Across lifeforms, there were minimal differences in the influences of predictor groups, although woody plant models exhibited the largest differences in predictor importance when compared with non-woody plant models. Additionally, we found no significant relationship between the importance of predictor groups and phylogenetic relatedness.
This study has implications for informing predictor selection in invasive plant HSMs, leading to more reliable and accurate models of invasive terrestrial plants. Our results emphasize the need to critically select predictors included in HSMs, with special consideration to temperature and disturbance predictors, to accurately predict habitat of invasive plant for detection and response of invasive plant species. With more accurate predictions, managers will be better prepared to address invasive species and reduce their threats to landscapes.
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States\"}}]}","volume":"30","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Demetra A. 0000-0002-5171-8640","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5171-8640","contributorId":332472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Demetra","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":79471,"text":"Student contractor to the U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shadwell, Keana S. 0000-0001-6835-425X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6835-425X","contributorId":332473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shadwell","given":"Keana","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":79471,"text":"Student contractor to the U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pearse, Ian S. 0000-0001-7098-0495","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7098-0495","contributorId":211154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Ian","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Prevey, Janet S. 0000-0003-2879-6453","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2879-6453","contributorId":222702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prevey","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Engelstad, Peder","contributorId":238758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelstad","given":"Peder","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Henderson, Grace C. 0000-0001-9542-6888","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9542-6888","contributorId":328973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henderson","given":"Grace","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":78543,"text":"Student contractor to the USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jarnevich, Catherine S. 0000-0002-9699-2336 jarnevichc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-2336","contributorId":3424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"Catherine","email":"jarnevichc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70270064,"text":"70270064 - 2024 - Utilization of stochastic ground motion simulations for scenario-based performance assessment of geo-structures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-18T15:27:11.945136","indexId":"70270064","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":22165,"text":"Reliability Engineering and System Safety (RESS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Utilization of stochastic ground motion simulations for scenario-based performance assessment of geo-structures","docAbstract":"Probabilistic seismic performance assessments of engineered structures can be highly sensitive to the seismic input excitation and its variability. In the present study, the scenario-based performance assessment recommended by Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) P-58 guidelines is adopted to estimate seismic fragility of concrete dams for various seismic hazard scenarios. Due to the scarcity of recorded ground motions and thereby their poor representation of uncertainties, stochastic ground motion simulation methods are utilized to obtain the required input excitations. Moreover, to understand the uncertainty in ground motion simulation models, two broadband stochastic simulation models are used to generate input excitations representing six seismic hazard scenarios defined by earthquake magnitude, source-to-site distance, and soil conditions.
Dams have negatively affected freshwater biodiversity throughout the world. These negative effects tend to be exacerbated for aquatic taxa with migratory life histories, and for taxa whose habitat is fundamentally altered by the formation of large reservoirs. Sauger (Sander candadensis; Percidae), large-bodied migratory fishes native to North America, have seen population declines over much of the species' range, and dams are often implicated for their role in blocking access to spawning habitat and otherwise negatively affecting river habitat. Furthermore, hybridization appears to be more frequent between sauger and walleye in the reservoirs formed by large dams. In this study, we examine the role of dams in altering sauger population connectivity and facilitating hybridization with introduced walleye in Wyoming's Wind River and Bighorn River systems. We collected genomic data from individuals sampled over a large spatial scale and replicated sampling throughout the spawning season, with the intent to capture potential variation in hybridization prevalence or genomic divergence between sauger with different life histories. The timing of sampling was not related to hybridization prevalence or population divergence, suggesting limited genetic differences between sauger spawning in different time and places. Overall, there was limited hybridization detected, however, hybridization was most prevalent in Boysen Reservoir (a large impounded section of the Wind River). Dams in the lower Wind River and upper Bighorn River were associated with population divergence between sauger upstream and downstream of the dams, and demographic models suggest that this divergence has occurred in concordance with the construction of the dam. Sauger upstream of the dams exhibited substantially lower estimates of genetic diversity, which implies that disrupted connectivity between Wind River and Bighorn River sauger populations may already be causing negative demographic effects. This research points towards the importance of considering the evolutionary consequences of dams on fish populations in addition to the threats they pose to population persistence.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.11706","usgsCitation":"Rosenthal, W., Mandeville, E., Pilkerton, A., Gerrity, P.C., Skorupski, J., Walters, A.W., and Wagner, C., 2024, Influence of dams on sauger population structure and hybridization with introduced walleye, v. 14, no. 7, e11706, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11706.","productDescription":"e11706, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-145629","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11706","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":485447,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Bighorn River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.2,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -109.2,\n 42.8\n ],\n [\n -107.6,\n 42.8\n ],\n [\n -107.6,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -109.2,\n 45\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenthal, William C.","contributorId":244630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosenthal","given":"William C.","affiliations":[{"id":34113,"text":"University of Wisconsin Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mandeville, Elizabeth G.","contributorId":270691,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mandeville","given":"Elizabeth G.","affiliations":[{"id":56198,"text":"uwyo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pilkerton, Ashleigh","contributorId":346434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pilkerton","given":"Ashleigh","affiliations":[{"id":63974,"text":"Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gerrity, Paul C.","contributorId":104198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerrity","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":935775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Skorupski, Joseph A.","contributorId":354495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skorupski","given":"Joseph A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":935776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Walters, Annika W. 0000-0002-8638-6682 awalters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-6682","contributorId":4190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Annika","email":"awalters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wagner, Catherine E.","contributorId":337377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagner","given":"Catherine E.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70266352,"text":"70266352 - 2024 - Stability concepts in ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-06T13:29:07.014175","indexId":"70266352","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-20T08:26:10","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Stability concepts in ecology","docAbstract":"The term stability, as applied to ecological systems, whether populations, communities, or ecosystems, means the tendency either to stay either close to some initial state, or to stay within certain bounds, or to persist in the face of environmental disturbances or changes. Here, a historical overview of stability concepts in ecology is outlined and measures of stability are discussed and described mathematically, including local stability, engineering resilience, resistance, persistence, and structural stability. Examples of instabilities caused by both pulse and press disturbances are given.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reference module in earth systems and environmental sciences-Encyclopedia of ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-443-21964-1.00008-2","usgsCitation":"DeAngelis, D.L., and Xu, L., 2024, Stability concepts in ecology, chap. of Reference module in earth systems and environmental sciences-Encyclopedia of ecology, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-21964-1.00008-2.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-162704","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":485438,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057 don_deangelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":148065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald","email":"don_deangelis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xu, Linhao","contributorId":221358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xu","given":"Linhao","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40353,"text":"Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Jiangsu Province Key","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70256109,"text":"70256109 - 2024 - Post-fire sediment yield from a central California watershed: Field measurements and validation of the WEPP model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-22T11:47:51.294971","indexId":"70256109","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-20T06:43:33","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5026,"text":"Earth and Space Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-fire sediment yield from a central California watershed: Field measurements and validation of the WEPP model","docAbstract":"In a warming climate, an intensifying fire regime and higher likelihood of extreme rain are expected to increase watershed sediment yield in many regions. Understanding regional variability in landscape response to fire and post-fire rainfall is essential for managing water resources and infrastructure. We measured sediment yield resulting from sequential wildfire and extreme rain and flooding in the upper Carmel River watershed (116 km2), on the central California coast, USA, using changes in sediment volume mapped in a reservoir. We determined that the sediment yield after fire and post-fire flooding was 854–1,100 t/km2/yr, a factor of 3.5–4.6 greater than the long-term yield from this watershed and more than an order of magnitude greater than during severe drought conditions. In this first large-scale field validation test of the WEPPcloud/wepppy framework for the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model on a burned landscape, WEPP predicted 81%–106% of the measured sediment yield. These findings will facilitate assessing and predicting future fire effects in steep watersheds with a Mediterranean climate and indicate that the increasingly widespread use of WEPP is appropriate for evaluating post-fire hillslope erosion even across 100-km2 scales under conditions without debris flows.
Vesicularity of individual pyroclasts from airfall tephra deposits is an important parameter that is commonly measured at basaltic volcanoes. Conventional methods used to determine pyroclast vesicularity on a large number of clasts has the potential to be time consuming, particularly when rapid analysis is required. Here we propose dynamic image analysis on two-dimensional (2D) projection shapes of crushed pyroclasts from tephra deposits as a new method to estimate vesicularity. This method relies on the influence of vesicles and uses grain morphology as a proxy for vesicle size and abundance. Pyroclasts from a variety of basaltic tephra deposits from the volcanoes of Mauna Loa and Kīlauea were analyzed. Vesicularities between 52–98% were measured via nitrogen-gas pycnometry. The same pyroclasts were then crushed and sieved, and their grain shapes measured using dynamic image analysis on a CAMSIZER®. This yields values for the mean sphericity, elongation, compactness, and Krumbein roundness of the grains. Our data show that grains become increasingly irregular with increasing vesicularity, with the degree of correlation between shape parameters and vesicularity depending on the size of measured grains. Shape irregularities in small grains (60–250 µm) are mostly area-based, with elongation being the best vesicularity indicator, whereas shape irregularities in large grains (250–700 µm) are mostly perimeter-based, with Krumbein roundness as the best vesicularity indicator. Using mean shape parameter values with all grain sizes included, grain elongation is the most well-correlated shape parameter with vesicularity, with the best fitted model explaining 76% of variation in the observations. Microscope images of thin sections of intact pyroclasts, as well as from crushed pyroclasts, were analyzed using CSDCorrections 1.6 software in ImageJ to find local vesicularity, vesicle size, grain size, grain elongation, and vesicle spatial distribution by stereological conversion. Observed correlation between grain shape and vesicularity can be explained by the local effect of vesicles on the shape of the solid structure in between those vesicles. Grain shape depends not only on vesicularity, but also on vesicle to grain size ratio and the spatial distribution of vesicles. The influence of vesicles on grain shape is best captured by grains with the size of the solid structure in between vesicles, which generally increases with decreasing vesicularity. Dynamic image analysis is a useful tool to quickly gauge vesicularity, which could be used in near-real-time during an eruption response. However, this method is best suited for highly vesicular (> 80%) basaltic pyroclasts from tephra deposits with few microlites and phenocrysts. Further research on crushing techniques, optimum grain size for shape measurements, and Krumbein roundness measurements for the grain size range of 250–700 µm might enable application of this method to lower vesicularity pyroclasts.
Remote sensing can be an effective tool for mapping river bathymetry, but the need for direct measurements to calibrate image-derived depth estimates impedes broader application of this approach. One way to circumvent the need for field campaigns dedicated to calibration is to capitalize upon existing data. In this study, we introduce a framework for Bathymetric Mapping using Gage Records and Image Databases (BaMGRID). This workflow involves retrieving depth measurements made during gaging station site visits, downloading archived multispectral images, and then combining these two data sets to establish a relationship between depth and reflectance. We developed a processing chain that involves using application programming interfaces to obtain both depth measurements made during site visits and images centered on the gage and then linking depth to reflectance via an optimal band ratio analysis (OBRA) algorithm modified for small sample sizes. Applying this workflow to selected gages within two river basins indicated that depth retrieval from multispectral satellite images could be highly accurate, but with variable results from one image to the next at a given site. High resolution aerial photography was less conducive to bathymetric mapping in one of the basin considered. Of the four predictors of depth retrieval performance we evaluated (mean and standard deviation of depth, width, and an index of water clarity), only width was consistently significantly correlated with OBRA R2 (p < 0.026). Currently, BaMGRID is best-suited for site-by-site analysis to support practical applications at the reach scale; continuous, basin-wide mapping of river bathymetry will require additional research.
To explain the drivers of historical water use in the public water systems (PWSs) that serve populations in Providence, Rhode Island, and surrounding areas, and to forecast future water use, a machine-learning model (cubist regression) was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with Providence Water to model daily per capita rates of domestic, commercial, and industrial water use. The PWSs in this area form a connected network that sources water from the Scituate Reservoir in Rhode Island. The cubist regression model was trained and tested on daily per capita rates for three categories of water use (domestic, commercial, and industrial) that were developed from quarterly water sales data and U.S. Census Bureau population estimates within each PWS service area from January 2005 through December 2021. The model was then used to make forecasts of future water use under varying scenarios of climate change, population growth, and economic growth for the years 2030 and 2040.
The resulting daily per capita rates, which were modeled from the historical data, had an r2 value of 0.94 and root mean square error of 6.7 gallons per capita daily. Results of the model were used to estimate total water use (the product of daily per capita rates and population) for all public water systems over the historical study period. Daily per capita rates in the study area decreased from 2005 to 2021, while population increased during that same period. “Category of water use” was the variable with the greatest explanatory power for modeling daily per capita rates. Overall, both daily per capita rates and total water use were projected to decrease in 2030 and 2040, in comparison to historical values from 2005 to 2021. Daily per capita rates and total water use were forecasted to decrease as economic growth rates increase. Daily per capita rates were expected to decrease as population growth rates increase; however, total water use was less sensitive to population growth rates than daily per capita rates. Effects of climate change were minimal over the 2030 and 2040 forecasting horizon for the scenarios tested.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20245052","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Providence Water","usgsCitation":"Chamberlin, C.A., 2024, A predictive analysis of water use for Providence, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2024–5052, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20245052.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 36 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-152679","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499474,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_117188.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":431062,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P94XIQ7W","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Model archive, input data, modeled estimates of water use 2005-2021, and forecasts of water use in 2030 and 2040 in Providence, Rhode Island"},{"id":431061,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5052/sir20245052.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2024-5052 XML"},{"id":431060,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5052/images/"},{"id":431059,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20245052/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2024-5052 HTML"},{"id":431058,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5052/sir20245052.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.81 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2024-5052 PDF"},{"id":431057,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5052/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","city":"Providence","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.6320030327788,\n 41.56235835697041\n ],\n [\n -71.17676197086665,\n 41.56235835697041\n ],\n [\n -71.17676197086665,\n 42.025783641742635\n ],\n [\n -71.6320030327788,\n 42.025783641742635\n ],\n [\n -71.6320030327788,\n 41.56235835697041\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
10 Bearfoot Road
Northborough, MA 01532
Estimating the abundance of unmarked animal populations from acoustic data is challenging due to the inability to identify individuals and the need to adjust for observation biases including detectability (false negatives), species misclassification (false positives), and sampling exposure. Acoustic surveys conducted along mobile transects were designed to avoid counting individuals more than once, where raw counts are commonly treated as an index of abundance. More recently, false-positive abundance models have been developed to estimate abundance while accounting for imperfect detection and misclassification. We adapted these methods to model summertime abundance and trends of three species of bats at multiple spatial scales using acoustic recordings collected along mobile transects by partners of the North American Bat Monitoring Program (NABat) from 2012 to 2020. This multiscale modeling spanned individual transect routes, larger NABat grid cells (10 km × 10 km), and across the entire extent of modeled species ranges. We estimated relationships between species abundances and a suite of abiotic and biotic predictors (landcover types, climatological variables, physiographic diversity, building density, and the impacts of white-nose syndrome [WNS]) and found varying levels of support between species. We present clear evidence of substantial declines in populations of tricolored bats (Perimyotis subflavus) and little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus), declines that corresponded in space and time with the progression of WNS, a devastating disease of hibernating bats. In contrast, our analysis revealed that similar population-wide declines probably have not occurred in big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus), a species known to be less affected by WNS. This study provides the first abundance-based species distribution predictions and population trends for bats in their summer ranges in North America. These models will probably be applicable to assessing wildlife populations in other monitoring programs where acoustic data are used or where false-negative and false-positive detections are present. Finally, our abundance framework (as a spatial point pattern process) can serve as a foundation from which more sophisticated integrated species distribution models that incorporate additional streams of monitoring data (e.g., stationary acoustics, captures) can be developed for North American bats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecm.1617","usgsCitation":"Udell, B.J., Straw, B., Loeb, S.C., Irvine, K., Thogmartin, W.E., Lausen, C., Reichard, J.D., Coleman, J.T., Cryan, P.M., Frick, W.F., and Reichert, B., 2024, Using mobile acoustic monitoring and false-positive N-mixture models to estimate bat abundance and population trends: Ecological Monographs, v. 94, no. 4, e1617, 25 p.; Data Release, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1617.","productDescription":"e1617, 25 p.; Data Release","ipdsId":"IP-153066","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":434925,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9R3W0EZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Ecosystems-nabat-FPabund: software for fitting false-positive N-mixture models using NABat mobile acoustic data (version 1.0.0)"},{"id":439265,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1617","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433498,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Udell, Bradley James 0000-0001-5225-4959","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5225-4959","contributorId":271174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udell","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":912385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Straw, Bethany R. 0000-0001-9086-4600","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9086-4600","contributorId":271020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Straw","given":"Bethany","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":912386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loeb, Susan C. 0000-0002-9264-3614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9264-3614","contributorId":337070,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loeb","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37389,"text":"U.S. Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irvine, Kathryn 0000-0002-6426-940X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6426-940X","contributorId":221555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"Kathryn","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":912388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thogmartin, Wayne E. 0000-0002-2384-4279 wthogmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":2545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"Wayne","email":"wthogmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":912389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lausen, Cori","contributorId":343919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lausen","given":"Cori","affiliations":[{"id":36893,"text":"Wildlife Conservation Society Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reichard, Jonathan D. 0000-0002-4792-2868","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4792-2868","contributorId":337073,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reichard","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Coleman, Jeremy T.H. 0000-0002-2762-947X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2762-947X","contributorId":239956,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coleman","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"T.H.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cryan, Paul M. 0000-0002-2915-8894 cryanp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-8894","contributorId":147942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cryan","given":"Paul","email":"cryanp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":912393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Frick, Winifred F. 0000-0002-9469-1839","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9469-1839","contributorId":337076,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frick","given":"Winifred","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":12591,"text":"Bat Conservation International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Reichert, Brian E. 0000-0002-9640-0695","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9640-0695","contributorId":204260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reichert","given":"Brian","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":912395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70257688,"text":"70257688 - 2024 - The effects of flow extremes on native and non-native stream fishes in Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-23T14:23:44.291409","indexId":"70257688","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-19T09:20:44","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of flow extremes on native and non-native stream fishes in Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"Tidal freshwater forests are usually located at or above the level of mean high water. Some Louisiana coastal forests are below mean high water, especially bald cypress (Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich.) forests because flooding has increased due to the combined effects of global sea level rise and local subsidence. In addition, constructed channels from the coast inland act as conduits for saltwater. As a result, saltwater intrusion affects the productivity of Louisiana’s coastal bald cypress forests. To study the long-term effects of hydrology and salinity on the health of these systems, we fitted dendrometer bands on selected trees to record basal area increment as a measure of growth in permanent forest productivity plots established within six bald cypress stands. Three stands were in freshwater sites with low salinity rooting zone groundwater (0.1–1.3 ppt), while the other three had higher salinity rooting zone groundwater (0.2–4.9 ppt). Water level was logged continuously, and salinity was measured monthly to quarterly on the surface and in groundwater wells. Higher groundwater salinity levels were related to decreased bald cypress radial growth, while higher freshwater flooding increased radial growth. With these data, coastal managers can model rates of bald cypress forest change as a function of salinity and flooding.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/f15071258","usgsCitation":"Day, R., From, A., Johnson, D., and Krauss, K., 2024, Interactive effects of salinity and hydrology on radial growth of bald cypress (Taxodium distichum (L.) 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Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70259514,"text":"70259514 - 2024 - Challenges of implementing a multi-agency monitoring and adaptive management strategy for federally threatened Chinook salmon and steelhead trout during and after dam removal in the Elwha River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-10T14:56:10.219244","indexId":"70259514","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-18T09:46:05","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5738,"text":"Frontiers in Environmental Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Challenges of implementing a multi-agency monitoring and adaptive management strategy for federally threatened Chinook salmon and steelhead trout during and after dam removal in the Elwha River","docAbstract":"Adaptive management, a process of planning, implementing, and evaluating management strategies, is often recommended for monitoring ecological systems. However, few examples of successful implementation and retrospective case studies exist. We provide a case study of adaptively managing hatchery-assisted protection and recovery for Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and winter steelhead trout (O. mykiss) during and after the removal of two large mainstem dams in the Elwha River, WA. We summarize key aspects of the monitoring and adaptive management plan over the last decade and highlight successes, challenges, and complications during the plan’s implementation. The Elwha Monitoring and Adaptive Management Guidelines included a trigger-based system for moving through four phases of recovery that included preservation, recolonization, local adaptation, and viable natural population, each with differing levels of hatchery production as the management actions. The monitoring component of the plan has been very successful, providing critical data to guide management actions that otherwise may not have occurred and, opportunistically, provided data for other native species in the Elwha River. Implementing adaptive management provided mixed results and was at times hindered by divergent management goals among project partners, the inflexibility of the Endangered Species Act regulatory requirements as implemented for this project, and conflicting information among guidance documents. We learned that some metrics and triggers in the plan were ill-defined or too difficult to measure in the field. In some cases, the performance indicators and/or triggers were successfully modified to incorporate what was learned; however, in other cases, we were unable to revise the values due to differing opinions among partners. The ability to reach consensus on revised triggers appeared to be influenced by the recovery trajectory of the species involved. The implemented adaptive management strategy resulted in substantial collaboration and learning, which resulted in revised management strategies, but was imperfect. Sufficient long-term funding is necessary to implement a well-designed monitoring program and could benefit from including a defined leadership position to shepherd and facilitate a multi-stakeholder adaptive management program. Additionally, incorporating adaptive management into legally binding conditions under the Endangered Species Act is feasible, but requires substantial pre-planning in close coordination with regulatory agencies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fenvs.2024.1291265","usgsCitation":"Peters, R.J., Anderson, J.H., Duda, J.J., McHenry, M.L., Pess, G., Brenkman, S.J., Johnson, J.R., Liermann, M.C., Denton, K., Beirne, M.M., Crain, P., and Connor, H.A., 2024, Challenges of implementing a multi-agency monitoring and adaptive management strategy for federally threatened Chinook salmon and steelhead trout during and after dam removal in the Elwha River: Frontiers in Environmental Science, v. 12, 1291265, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1291265.","productDescription":"1291265, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-158110","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466980,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1291265","text":"Publisher Index 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J.","contributorId":138941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brenkman","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12587,"text":"Olympic National Park, Port Angeles, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, Jeffery R.","contributorId":345078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":82484,"text":"Western Washington Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, Lacey, Washington, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Liermann, Martin C.","contributorId":139467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liermann","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6578,"text":"National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Denton, Keith","contributorId":345079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Denton","given":"Keith","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":82485,"text":"Denton and Associates, LLC, Sequim, Washington, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Beirne, Matthew M.","contributorId":194429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beirne","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":915567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Crain, Patrick","contributorId":210017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crain","given":"Patrick","affiliations":[{"id":38049,"text":"National Park Service, Olympic National Park, 600 East Park Avenue, Port Angeles, WA 98362","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Connor, Heidi A.","contributorId":268128,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connor","given":"Heidi","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":55566,"text":"National Park Service, Olympic National Park, Port Angeles, WA, U.S.A.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70256591,"text":"70256591 - 2024 - Risk of invasive waterfowl interaction with poultry production: Understanding potential for avian pathogen transmission via species distribution models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-06T12:05:26.727184","indexId":"70256591","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-18T07:02:10","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Risk of invasive waterfowl interaction with poultry production: Understanding potential for avian pathogen transmission via species distribution models","docAbstract":"Recent outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza have devastated poultry production across the United States, with more than 77 million birds culled in 2022–2024 alone. Wild waterfowl, including various invasive species, host numerous pathogens, including highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV), and have been implicated as catalysts of disease outbreaks among native fauna and domestic birds. In major poultry-producing states like Arkansas, USA, where the poultry sector is responsible for significant economic activity (>$4 billion USD in 2022), understanding the risk of invasive waterfowl interactions with domestic poultry is critical. Here, we assessed the risk of invasive waterfowl-poultry interaction in Arkansas by comparing the density of poultry production sites (chicken houses) to areas of high habitat suitability for two invasive waterfowl species, (Egyptian Goose [Alopochen aegyptiaca] and Mute Swan [Cygnus olor]), known to host significant pathogens, including avian influenza viruses. The percentage of urban land cover was the most important habitat characteristic for both invasive waterfowl species. At the 95% confidence interval, chicken house densities in areas highly suitable for both species (Egyptian Goose = 0.91 ± 0.11 chicken houses/km2; Mute Swan = 0.61 ± 0.03 chicken houses/km2) were three to five times higher than chicken house densities across the state (0.17 ± 0.01 chicken houses/km2). We show that northwestern and western Arkansas, both areas of high importance for poultry production, are also at high risk of invasive waterfowl presence. Our results suggest that targeted monitoring efforts for waterfowl-poultry contact in these areas could help mitigate the risk of avian pathogen exposure in Arkansas and similar regions with high poultry production.
Driven by the need for integrated management of groundwater (GW) and surface water (SW), quantification of GW–SW interactions and associated contaminant transport has become increasingly important. This is due to their substantial impact on water quantity and quality. In this review, we provide an overview of the methods developed over the past several decades to investigate GW–SW interactions. These methods include geophysical, hydrometric, and tracer techniques, as well as various modeling approaches. Different methods reveal valuable information on GW–SW interactions at different scales with their respective advantages and limitations. Interpreting data from these techniques can be challenging due to factors like scale effects, heterogeneous hydrogeological conditions, sediment variability, and complex spatiotemporal connections between GW and SW. To facilitate the selection of appropriate methods for specific sites, we discuss the strengths, weaknesses, and challenges of each technique, and we offer perspectives on knowledge gaps in the current science.
We recently developed a dynamically coupled hydrological-ocean modeling system that provides seamless coverage across the land-ocean continuum during hurricane-induced compound flooding. This study introduced a local inertial equation and a diagonal flow algorithm to the overland routing of the coupled system’s hydrology model (WRF-Hydro). Using Hurricane Florence (2018) as a test case, the performance of the coupled model was significantly improved, evidenced by its enhanced capability of capturing backwater and increased water level simulation accuracy and stability. With four model experiments, we present a framework to detangle, define, and quantify compound and nonlinear effects. The results revealed that the flood peaks in the lower Cape Fear River Basin and the coastal waters were contributed by inland flooding and storm surge, respectively. These two processes had comparable contributions to the flooding in the Cape Fear River Estuary. The compound effect was identified when the flood levels resulting from the combination of land and ocean processes surpassed those caused by an individual process alone. The compound effect during Hurricane Florence exhibited limited impact on flood peaks, primarily due to the time lag between the peaks of the storm surge and the inland flooding. In the period between the two peaks, the compound effect was salient and significantly impacted the magnitude and variation of the flood level. The nonlinear effect, defined as the difference between the compound flood level and the superposition of storm surge and inland flooding water levels, reduced flood levels in the river channels while increasing flood levels on the floodplain.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2023WR036455","usgsCitation":"Bao, D., Xue, Z.G., and Warner, J.C., 2024, Quantifying compound and nonlinear effects of hurricane-induced flooding using a dynamically coupled hydrological-ocean model: Water Resources Research, v. 60, no. 7, e2023WR036455, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2023WR036455.","productDescription":"e2023WR036455, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-162739","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466982,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023wr036455","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":465288,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bao, Daoyang","contributorId":294534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bao","given":"Daoyang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":921432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xue, Z. George","contributorId":347342,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xue","given":"Z.","email":"","middleInitial":"George","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":921433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":258015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":921434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70266310,"text":"70266310 - 2024 - Spatio-temporal distribution of adult Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus relative to habitat fragmentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-05T15:22:55.579935","indexId":"70266310","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-17T10:15:31","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Spatio-temporal distribution of adult Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus relative to habitat fragmentation","title":"Spatio-temporal distribution of adult Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus relative to habitat fragmentation","docAbstract":"Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus), a fish species native to the Pacific Northwest (USA), have distinctive cultural and ecological value but determining their spatial and temporal distribution is challenging due to a general lack systematic monitoring. In this study, we used counts of Pacific lamprey redds to model the probability of occurrence and abundance of Pacific lamprey based on environmental covariates including artificial barriers, assuming higher predicted lamprey redds translates to more suitable spawning habitats. Using generalized linear mixed zero-inflated models, results suggest that Pacific lamprey abundance was generally lower in high gradient streams, further from the ocean. Stream reaches with warmer spring water temperatures and greater historical median spring flows supported higher abundances. Lamprey occurrence was primarily influenced by spring water temperatures and distance from the ocean. We further observed that when streams warm beyond 18°C, confidence intervals around the abundance estimates widen and zero-inflation increases, indicating a decrease in occurrence. One objective of the study was to recommend where barrier removal or restoration should be prioritized to increase passage and thus access to upstream habitats. We considered artificial barriers to primarily influence the probability of occurrence through access. The barrier variable in this model had a negative effect on the probability of lamprey occurrence, but it was not a strong predictor in the model. While we are not able to suggest specific locations that would most benefit barrier removal or improvement based on these model results, we can identify the watersheds with a higher probability to support Pacific lamprey and provide potential additional habitats by improving habitat connectivity. Focusing restoration and/ or removal of barriers on watersheds in the Mid-South region of the Oregon Coast (i.e., Alsea, Siuslaw, Coos, Coquille, and Sixes rivers) with higher habitat suitability could prioritize use of limited funds, increase the probability of benefiting Pacific lamprey, and potentially other native lampreys and migratory (e.g., salmon, steelhead; Oncorhynchus) species. Although this manuscript focuses on the Oregon Coast region, the methods are transferrable to other regions where Pacific lamprey are present.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.4344","usgsCitation":"Anlauf-Dunn, K., Clemens, B.J., Falcy, M.R., and Zambory, C.L., 2024, Spatio-temporal distribution of adult Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus relative to habitat fragmentation: River Research and Applications, v. 40, no. 10, p. 1940-1953, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.4344.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1940","endPage":"1953","ipdsId":"IP-151718","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":485386,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.6594960692569,\n 46.176607066943575\n ],\n [\n -124.60365099466847,\n 46.176607066943575\n ],\n [\n -124.60365099466847,\n 42.5032728886724\n ],\n [\n -122.6594960692569,\n 42.5032728886724\n ],\n [\n -122.6594960692569,\n 46.176607066943575\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anlauf-Dunn, Kara J.","contributorId":354379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anlauf-Dunn","given":"Kara J.","affiliations":[{"id":36223,"text":"Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clemens, Benjamin J.","contributorId":195098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clemens","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":935530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Falcy, Matthew Richard 0000-0002-3332-2239","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3332-2239","contributorId":288500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falcy","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":935531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zambory, Courtney L.","contributorId":264754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zambory","given":"Courtney","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":935532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70261807,"text":"70261807 - 2024 - Spatial and seasonal variability in trophic relationships and carbon sources of two key invertebrate species in Lake Ontario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-26T15:58:47.817683","indexId":"70261807","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-17T09:45:25","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and seasonal variability in trophic relationships and carbon sources of two key invertebrate species in Lake Ontario","docAbstract":"Mysids (Mysis diluviana) and dreissenids (Dreissena polymorpha and mostly D. bugensis) are important invertebrate taxa in the food webs of the Laurentian Great Lakes but there are uncertainties about the seasonal and spatial variability in their stable isotope signatures. We quantified δ13C and δ15N in 304 mysid and 366 dreissenid samples across five spatial ecoregions, varying site depth, and three seasons (spring, summer, and fall) in Lake Ontario in 2012 and 2013. Particulate organic matter (POM) was also collected across site depth and season from the Deep Hole ecoregion for use as an isotopic baseline. Lipid normalization models for δ13C were generated for both taxa to reduce lipid bias in our statistical analysis. Season was a significant predictor of POM stable isotopes, with δ13C lower in the summer and δ15N decreasing from spring to summer before increasing into fall. Mysid lipid normalized δ13C varied by site depth and ecoregion while δ15N decreased across season and did not vary by site depth or ecoregion. Dreissenid stable isotopes varied significantly across season, depth, and ecoregion, with site depth having positive relationship with δ15N. Mysids and dreissenids were two trophic positions higher than POM based on δ15N; this comparison was restricted to the one region where POM was collected. Isotopic variability suggested selective feeding within POM and differing trophic pathways between mysids and dreissenids. Collecting an appropriate taxon across all observed variables to serve as an isotopic baseline, particularly in spatial and temporal studies, is critical to the correct interpretation of trophic relationships.
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Observations of their physical states can, thus, provide important constraints on the ages and formation mechanism(s) of the moons, which in turn informs our understanding of the formation and evolution of Saturn and its rings. Here, we describe the cratering records of the mid-sized moons and the value and limitations of their use for constraining the histories of the moons. We also discuss observational constraints on the interior structures of the moons and geologically-derived inferences on their thermal budgets through time. Overall, the geologic records of the moons (with the exception of Mimas) include evidence of epochs of high heat flows, short- and long-lived subsurface oceans, extensional tectonics, and considerable cratering. Curiously, Mimas presents no clear evidence of an ocean within its surface geology, but its rotation and orbit indicate a present-day ocean. While the moons need not be primordial to produce the observed levels of interior evolution and geologic activity, there is likely a minimum age associated with their development that has yet to be determined. Uncertainties in the populations impacting the moons makes it challenging to further constrain their formation timeframes using craters, whereas the characteristics of their cores and other geologic inferences of their thermal evolutions may help narrow down their potential histories. Disruptive collisions may have also played an important role in the formation and evolution of Saturn’s mid-sized moons, and even the rings of Saturn, although more sophisticated modeling is needed to determine the collision conditions that produce rings and moons that fit the observational constraints. Overall, the existence and physical characteristics of Saturn’s mid-sized moons provide critical benchmarks for the development of formation theories.
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These two new craters, the first detected on the SPLD, measure ∼17 m and ∼48 m in diameter. Follow-up observations were conducted with the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE), showing seasonal and interannual changes, and providing stereo coverage for the production of digital terrain models (DTMs). Mars Climate Sounder (MCS) data were obtained over the region of these new impacts, giving surface temperature information for the time interval before and after the impacts were detected. Taken together, the optical and infrared observations of these sites reveal craters largely consistent with the morphologies of other small, dated impact craters on Mars, and crater ejecta patterns that suggest a more dust/regolith-dominated upper few meters of the SPLD in contrast to mid-latitude buried ice and lobate debris aprons (LDAs). This supports previous conclusions that the SPLD may have an upper surface depleted in water ice relative to the North PLDs, possibly the result of a widespread deflation event.
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