{"pageNumber":"67","pageRowStart":"1650","pageSize":"25","recordCount":2263,"records":[{"id":38645,"text":"pp1134D - 1981 - Biogeochemical variability of plants at native and altered sites, San Juan Basin, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:58","indexId":"pp1134D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1134","chapter":"D","title":"Biogeochemical variability of plants at native and altered sites, San Juan Basin, New Mexico","docAbstract":"The San Juan Basin is becoming a major energy resource region. The anticipated increase in strip mining for coal can be expected to alter the geochemical and biogeochemical environment. because such activities destroy the native vegetation communities, rearrange the rock strata, and disrupt natural soil development. This study investigated the variability in the biogeochemistry of native plant species at both undisturbed and altered sites and assessed the importance of the observed differences. Three studies are involved in this investigation: Study 1, the biogeochemical variability of native species found at sites throughout that part of the basin underlain by economically recoverable coal; Study 2, the biogeochemical variability of native species growing on soils considered favorable for use in the topsoiling of spoil areas; and Study 3, the biogeochemical variability of native species on rehabilitated sites at the San Juan coal mine. \r\n\r\nSummary statistics for concentrations of 35 elements (and ash yield) are reported in Study 1 for galleta grass, broom snakeweed, and fourwing saltbush. The concentrations of manganese, molybdenum, nickel, and uranium (and possibly iron and selenium) in galleta show regional patterns, with the highest values generally found in the south-central region and western edge of the study area. Differences in the concentration of elements between species was generally subtle (less than a factor of two) except for the following: ash yield of saltbush was two times that of the other plants; boron in snakeweed and saltbush was four times greater than in galleta; iron in galleta was two times greater than in saltbush; and, calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, and sulfur were generally highest in saltbush. \r\n\r\nSummary statistics (including the 95-percent expected range) for concentrations of 35 elements (and ash yield) are reported from Study 2 for galleta and broom snakeweed growing on the Sheppard, Shiprock, and Doak soil association. Significant regional (greater than 10 km) variation for aluminum, iron, sulfur, vanadium, and zirconium in galleta are reported; however, for most elements, a significant proportion of the variation in the data was measured locally (less than 0.1 km). This variation indicates that samples of galleta and snakeweed taken more than 10 km apart vary, in their element composition, little more than plants sampled as close together as 0.1 km. \r\n\r\nThe concentrations of 35 elements (and ash yield) in alkali sacaton and fourwing saltbush, which were collected on a rehabilitation plot at the San Juan mine (Study 3), are compared with those of control samples of similar material from native sites from throughout the  ,an Juan Basin. Concentrations of aluminum, arsenic, boron, cobalt, copper, fluorine, iron, lead, manganese, sodium, and uranium in samples of saltbush growing over spoil generally exceed the levels of these elements in control samples. For many elements, concentrations in mine samples are from two to five times higher 1 han concentrations in the control samples. Sodium concentrations i  saltbush, however, were 100 times higher in mine samples than in control samples. This high concentration reflects a corresponding : OO-fold increase in the extractable sodium levels in spoil material  s compared to C-horizon control samples. Sampled plants from the l1ine area, spaced relatively close together (5 m (meters) or less), vary greatly in their element compositions, apparently in response 1 J the heterogenous composition and element availability of the l1ine soils. Topsoiling to a depth of 20 cm (centimeters) does little to  meliorate the uptake of elements from spoil by saltbush.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1134D","usgsCitation":"Gough, L.P., and Severson, R.C., 1981, Biogeochemical variability of plants at native and altered sites, San Juan Basin, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1134, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1134D.","productDescription":"26 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1134d/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65476,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1134d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db6247b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gough, L. P.","contributorId":64198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gough","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Severson, R. C.","contributorId":46498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Severson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":38626,"text":"pp1195 - 1981 - Petrology of the ultramafic and gabbroic rocks of the Brady Glacier nickel-copper deposit, Fairweather Range, southeastern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:17","indexId":"pp1195","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1195","title":"Petrology of the ultramafic and gabbroic rocks of the Brady Glacier nickel-copper deposit, Fairweather Range, southeastern Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1195","usgsCitation":"Himmelberg, G.R., and Loney, R.A., 1981, Petrology of the ultramafic and gabbroic rocks of the Brady Glacier nickel-copper deposit, Fairweather Range, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1195, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1195.","productDescription":"26 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120255,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1195/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65449,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1195/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db687cd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Himmelberg, G. R.","contributorId":27106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Himmelberg","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loney, R. A.","contributorId":90757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loney","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":38624,"text":"pp1187 - 1981 - Bedded Precambrian iron deposits of the Tobacco Root Mountains, southwestern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:17","indexId":"pp1187","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1187","title":"Bedded Precambrian iron deposits of the Tobacco Root Mountains, southwestern Montana","docAbstract":"Bedded deposits of iron-formation are minor components of the thoroughly metamorphosed and deformed Precambrian rocks that make up the core of the Tobacco Root Mountains. The rocks are Archean in age; they predate a major Precambrian orogeny that affected all of southwestern Montana about 2,750 m.y. ago. The principal bed of iron-formation occurs within a metasedimentary sequence that has dolomite marble at the base and rests on quartzofeldspathic gneiss of uncertain origin. The stratigraphic thickness of the preserved part of the metasedimentary group cannot readily be established because of structural complexities, including both thickening and attenuation, but it probably does not exceed 300 m. The true (original) thickness of the iron-formation is even more difficult to determine because of the structural incompetence of the rock, but it ranges from 15 to 30 m. All the rocks, with the exception of a few younger Precambrian (Proterozoic Y) diabase dikes, are metamorphosed to amphibolite or hornblende granulite facies. The iron-formation typically consists of quartz and magnetite, with subordinate amounts of iron silicates, mainly hypersthene, garnet, clinopyroxene, and grunerite. \r\n\r\nThe principal deposits of iron-formation are in the Copper Mountain area, an area of about 13 km 2 in the west-central part of the Tobacco Root range that has been mapped in some detail. The structure consists of an early set of tight isoclinal folds, trending north-south and overturned to the east, that are deformed by later crossfolds that trend and plunge northwest. The most prominent belt of iron-formation is on a tight anticlinal buckle within the northsouth-trending Ramshorn syncline, a major structure of the first fold set. This belt of iron-formation is estimated to contain about 63 million t of potential low-grade ore (taconite) to a depth of 100 m. The rock contains about 35 weight percent Fe, mostly in the form of magnetite. \r\n\r\nIron-formation occurs in many other localities in the region as distinctive but thin and discontinuous units. Some deposits probably are stratigraphically equivalent to the iron-formation of the Copper Mountain area, but others have quite different lithologic associations and probably different ages.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1187","usgsCitation":"James, H.L., 1981, Bedded Precambrian iron deposits of the Tobacco Root Mountains, southwestern Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1187, 16 p.; 1 plate in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1187.","productDescription":"16 p.; 1 plate in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1187/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":247692,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1187/plate-1.pdf","size":"2573","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65447,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1187/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63dc0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"James, H. L.","contributorId":96732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70207147,"text":"70207147 - 1981 - Estimating usable resources from historical industry data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-17T13:26:15.274605","indexId":"70207147","displayToPublicDate":"1981-12-31T12:10:33","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating usable resources from historical industry data","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>Historical production statistics are used to predict the quantity of remaining usable resources. The commodities considered are mercury, copper and its byproducts gold and silver, and petroleum; the production and discovery data are for the United States. The results of the study indicate that the cumulative return per unit of effort, herein measured as grade of metal ores and discovery rate of recoverable petroleum, is proportional to a negative power of total effort expended, herein measured as total ore mined and total exploratory wells or footage drilled. This power relationship can be extended to some limiting point (a lower ore grade or a maximum number of exploratory wells or footage), and the apparent quantity of available remaining resource at that limit can be calculated. For mercury ore of grades at and above 0.1 percent, the remaining usable resource in the United States is calculated to be 54 million kg (1,567,000 flasks). For copper ore of grades at and above 0.2 percent, the remaining usable copper resource is calculated to be 270 million metric tons (298 million short tons); remaining resources of its by-products gold and silver are calculated to be 3,656 metric tons (118 million troy ounces) and 64,676 metric tons (2,079 million troy ounces), respectively. The undiscovered recoverable crude oil resource in the conterminous United States, at 3 billion feet of additional exploratory drilling, is calculated to be nearly 37.6 billion barrels; the undiscovered recoverable petroleum resource in the Permian basin of western Texas and southeastern New Mexico, at 300 million feet of additional exploratory drilling or 50,000 additional exploratory wells, is calculated to be about 6.2 billion BOE (barrels of oil equivalent).</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.76.5.1081","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Cargill, S., Root, D.H., and Bailey, E.H., 1981, Estimating usable resources from historical industry data: Economic Geology, v. 76, no. 5, p. 1081-1095, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.76.5.1081.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1081","endPage":"1095","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":370109,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1981-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cargill, S.M.","contributorId":64776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cargill","given":"S.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Root, D. H.","contributorId":74019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Root","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bailey, E. H.","contributorId":44509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1003170,"text":"1003170 - 1981 - Polychlorinated biphenyl (Aroclor (R) 1254) residues in rainbow trout: Effects on sensitivity to nine fishery chemicals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-01T16:21:00.452214","indexId":"1003170","displayToPublicDate":"1981-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Polychlorinated biphenyl (Aroclor (R) 1254) residues in rainbow trout: Effects on sensitivity to nine fishery chemicals","docAbstract":"<p>The influence of background polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) residues in rainbow trout (<i>Salmo gairdneri</i>) on the susceptibility of the fish to nine chemicals routinely or occasionally used in fishery operations was evaluated. Rainbow trout fry were divided into three groups: one was exposed to 0.01 ppb and another to 0.1 ppb of the PCB Aroclor (R) 1254; the third (control) group was unexposed. After 30 days of exposure, whole body residues were 0.28 and 2.31 ppm for fish exposed to 0.01 and 0.1 ppb, respectively; control fish had residue concentrations of 0.04 ppm. Acute toxicity tests showed that both groups of exposed fish were more sensitive to rotenone and 2,4-D. Exposure did not significantly affect sensitivity to 2-[digeranylamino]-ethanol (GD-174), 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM), nifurpirinol (Furanace), tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222), or copper sulfate. Fishery managers should be aware that sensitivity of fish to control chemicals may be altered by the presence of contaminants in the water or residues of contaminants in the fish.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1981)1<200:PBARRI>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Bills, T., Marking, L.L., and Mauck, W., 1981, Polychlorinated biphenyl (Aroclor (R) 1254) residues in rainbow trout: Effects on sensitivity to nine fishery chemicals: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 1, no. 2, p. 200-203, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1981)1<200:PBARRI>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"200","endPage":"203","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134420,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad7e4b07f02db6843de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bills, T.D.","contributorId":6393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bills","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marking, L. L.","contributorId":90661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marking","given":"L.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mauck, W.L.","contributorId":36100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mauck","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70011740,"text":"70011740 - 1981 - The partitioning of copper among selected phases of geologic media of two porphyry copper districts, Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-09T15:52:22.453149","indexId":"70011740","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The partitioning of copper among selected phases of geologic media of two porphyry copper districts, Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"<p><span>In experiments designed to determine the manner in which copper is partitioned among selected phases that constitute geologic media, we have applied the five-step sequential extraction procedure of Chao and Theobald to the analysis of drill core, soils, and stream sediments of the Rio Vivi and Rio Tanama porphyry copper districts of Puerto Rico. The extraction procedure affords a convenient means of determining the trace-metal content of the following fractions: (1) Mn oxides and “reactive” Fe oxides; (2) “amorphous” Fe oxides; (3) “crystalline” Fe oxides; (4) sulfides and magnetite; and (5) silicates. An additional extraction between steps (1) and (2) was performed to determine organic-related copper in stream sediments.</span></p><p><span>The experimental results indicate that apportionment of copper among phases constituting geologic media is a function of geochemical environment. Distinctive partitioning patterns were derived from the analysis of drill core from each of three geochemical zones: (a) the supergene zone of oxidation; (b) the supergene zone of enrichment; and (c) the hypogene zone; and similarly, from the analysis of; (d) soils on a weakly leached capping; (e) soils on a strongly leached capping; and (f) active stream sediment.</span></p><p><span>The experimental results also show that geochemical contrasts (anomaly-to-background ratios) vary widely among the five fractions of each sampling medium investigated, and that at least one fraction of each medium provides substantially stronger contrast than does the bulk medium. Fraction (1) provides optimal contrast for stream sediments of the district; fraction (2) provides optimal contrast for soils on a weakly leached capping; fraction (3) provides optimal contrast for soils on a strongly leached capping.</span></p><p><span>Selective extraction procedures appear to have important applications to the orientation and interpretive stages of geochemical exploration. Further investigation and testing of a similar nature are recommended.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(81)90087-X","usgsCitation":"Learned, R.E., Chao, T.T., and Sanzolone, R.F., 1981, The partitioning of copper among selected phases of geologic media of two porphyry copper districts, Puerto Rico: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 15, no. 1-3, p. 563-581, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(81)90087-X.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"563","endPage":"581","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220855,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-65.3277,18.295843],[-65.337451,18.308308],[-65.327318,18.323666],[-65.342068,18.34529],[-65.335701,18.349535],[-65.329334,18.341955],[-65.321754,18.338316],[-65.309833,18.337973],[-65.304409,18.332054],[-65.298328,18.330529],[-65.255933,18.342117],[-65.221568,18.320959],[-65.222853,18.310464],[-65.249857,18.296691],[-65.260282,18.290823],[-65.283269,18.280214],[-65.3277,18.295843]]],[[[-67.89174,18.11397],[-67.887099,18.112574],[-67.87643,18.114157],[-67.869804,18.118851],[-67.861548,18.122144],[-67.848245,18.10832],[-67.843202,18.094858],[-67.843615,18.085099],[-67.845293,18.081938],[-67.853098,18.078195],[-67.865598,18.06544],[-67.871462,18.0578],[-67.895921,18.052342],[-67.904431,18.05913],[-67.918778,18.063116],[-67.927841,18.068572],[-67.940799,18.079716],[-67.934479,18.111306],[-67.932185,18.113221],[-67.91088,18.119668],[-67.89174,18.11397]]],[[[-65.308717,18.145172],[-65.302295,18.141089],[-65.294896,18.14283],[-65.287962,18.148097],[-65.275165,18.13443],[-65.276214,18.131936],[-65.283248,18.132999],[-65.296036,18.12799],[-65.322794,18.126589],[-65.327184,18.124106],[-65.338506,18.112439],[-65.342037,18.11138],[-65.350493,18.111914],[-65.364733,18.120377],[-65.397837,18.110873],[-65.399791,18.108832],[-65.411767,18.106211],[-65.423765,18.097764],[-65.426311,18.093749],[-65.45138,18.086096],[-65.45681,18.087778],[-65.465849,18.087715],[-65.468768,18.092643],[-65.47979,18.096352],[-65.507265,18.091646],[-65.524209,18.081977],[-65.542087,18.081177],[-65.558646,18.08566],[-65.569305,18.091616],[-65.570628,18.097325],[-65.57686,18.103224],[-65.575579,18.115669],[-65.546199,18.119329],[-65.511712,18.13284],[-65.489829,18.135912],[-65.46791,18.143767],[-65.437058,18.15766],[-65.399517,18.161935],[-65.371373,18.157517],[-65.334289,18.147761],[-65.313476,18.144296],[-65.308717,18.145172]]],[[[-66.438813,18.485713],[-66.420921,18.488639],[-66.410344,18.489886],[-66.394287,18.489748],[-66.377286,18.488044],[-66.37282,18.487726],[-66.349647,18.486335],[-66.337728,18.48562],[-66.315477,18.474724],[-66.31503,18.47468],[-66.291225,18.472347],[-66.283675,18.472203],[-66.276599,18.478129],[-66.269799,18.480281],[-66.258015,18.476906],[-66.251547,18.472464],[-66.241797,18.46874],[-66.220148,18.466],[-66.199032,18.466163],[-66.192664,18.466212],[-66.183886,18.460506],[-66.179218,18.455305],[-66.172315,18.451462],[-66.159796,18.451706],[-66.153037,18.454457],[-66.14395,18.459761],[-66.139572,18.462317],[-66.139451,18.462387],[-66.139443,18.462315],[-66.138532,18.453305],[-66.133085,18.445881],[-66.127938,18.444632],[-66.125198,18.451209],[-66.124284,18.456324],[-66.123188,18.45943],[-66.123343,18.460363],[-66.125015,18.470435],[-66.118338,18.469581],[-66.092098,18.466535],[-66.083254,18.462022],[-66.073987,18.4581],[-66.043272,18.453655],[-66.03944,18.454441],[-66.036559,18.450216],[-66.036491,18.450117],[-66.023221,18.443875],[-66.006523,18.444347],[-65.99718,18.449895],[-65.992935,18.457489],[-65.992793,18.458102],[-65.992349,18.460024],[-65.99079,18.460419],[-65.958492,18.451354],[-65.92567,18.444881],[-65.916843,18.444619],[-65.907756,18.446893],[-65.904988,18.450926],[-65.878683,18.438322],[-65.838825,18.431865],[-65.831476,18.426849],[-65.828457,18.423543],[-65.816691,18.410663],[-65.794556,18.402845],[-65.787666,18.402544],[-65.774937,18.413951],[-65.77053,18.41294],[-65.769749,18.409473],[-65.771695,18.406277],[-65.750455,18.385208],[-65.750179,18.38505],[-65.742154,18.380459],[-65.733567,18.382211],[-65.699069,18.368156],[-65.669636,18.362102],[-65.668845,18.361939],[-65.634431,18.369835],[-65.627246,18.376436],[-65.626527,18.381728],[-65.624975,18.386553],[-65.622761,18.387771],[-65.618229,18.386496],[-65.614891,18.382473],[-65.619068,18.367755],[-65.628198,18.353711],[-65.63419,18.338965],[-65.628047,18.328252],[-65.626456,18.298982],[-65.634389,18.292349],[-65.635826,18.288271],[-65.634893,18.283923],[-65.630833,18.264989],[-65.623111,18.248012],[-65.597618,18.234289],[-65.589947,18.228225],[-65.593795,18.224059],[-65.615981,18.227389],[-65.626731,18.235484],[-65.638181,18.229121],[-65.637565,18.224444],[-65.628414,18.205149],[-65.635281,18.199975],[-65.639688,18.205656],[-65.662185,18.207018],[-65.664127,18.207136],[-65.690749,18.19499],[-65.694515,18.187011],[-65.691021,18.178998],[-65.695856,18.179324],[-65.710895,18.186963],[-65.712533,18.189146],[-65.717999,18.190176],[-65.728471,18.185588],[-65.734664,18.180368],[-65.738834,18.174066],[-65.739125,18.173453],[-65.743632,18.163957],[-65.758728,18.156601],[-65.766919,18.148424],[-65.777584,18.129239],[-65.796711,18.083746],[-65.796289,18.079835],[-65.794686,18.078607],[-65.795028,18.073561],[-65.796711,18.069842],[-65.801831,18.058527],[-65.809174,18.056818],[-65.817107,18.063378],[-65.825848,18.057482],[-65.83109,18.050664],[-65.834274,18.038988],[-65.832429,18.014916],[-65.839591,18.015077],[-65.850913,18.011954],[-65.870335,18.006597],[-65.875122,18.002826],[-65.884937,17.988521],[-65.896102,17.99026],[-65.905319,17.983974],[-65.910537,17.981855],[-65.924738,17.976087],[-65.976611,17.967669],[-65.98455,17.969411],[-65.985358,17.971854],[-65.995185,17.978989],[-66.007731,17.980541],[-66.017308,17.979583],[-66.019539,17.978354],[-66.024,17.975896],[-66.046585,17.954853],[-66.049033,17.954561],[-66.058217,17.959238],[-66.068678,17.966335],[-66.069979,17.966357],[-66.08141,17.966552],[-66.116194,17.949141],[-66.127009,17.946953],[-66.140661,17.94102],[-66.147912,17.933963],[-66.155387,17.929406],[-66.159742,17.928613],[-66.161232,17.931747],[-66.175626,17.933565],[-66.186914,17.935363],[-66.189726,17.933936],[-66.200174,17.929515],[-66.206961,17.932268],[-66.213374,17.944614],[-66.202655,17.944753],[-66.185554,17.940997],[-66.179548,17.943727],[-66.174839,17.948214],[-66.176814,17.950438],[-66.206207,17.96305],[-66.206807,17.963307],[-66.215355,17.959376],[-66.218081,17.95729],[-66.231519,17.943912],[-66.229181,17.934651],[-66.232013,17.931154],[-66.252737,17.934574],[-66.260684,17.936083],[-66.270905,17.947098],[-66.275651,17.94826],[-66.290782,17.946491],[-66.297679,17.959148],[-66.31695,17.976683],[-66.323659,17.978536],[-66.338152,17.976492],[-66.33839,17.976458],[-66.362511,17.968231],[-66.365098,17.964832],[-66.368777,17.957717],[-66.371591,17.951469],[-66.385059,17.939004],[-66.391227,17.945819],[-66.398945,17.950925],[-66.412131,17.957286],[-66.445481,17.979379],[-66.450368,17.983226],[-66.454888,17.986784],[-66.461342,17.990273],[-66.491396,17.990262],[-66.510143,17.985618],[-66.540537,17.975476],[-66.583233,17.961229],[-66.589658,17.969386],[-66.594392,17.970682],[-66.605035,17.969015],[-66.623788,17.98105],[-66.631944,17.982746],[-66.645651,17.98026],[-66.657797,17.974605],[-66.664391,17.968259],[-66.672819,17.966451],[-66.699115,17.977568],[-66.709856,17.982109],[-66.713394,17.987763],[-66.716957,17.990344],[-66.731118,17.991658],[-66.746248,17.990349],[-66.750427,17.995443],[-66.753964,17.99959],[-66.755341,18.001203],[-66.764491,18.006317],[-66.770307,18.005955],[-66.799656,17.99245],[-66.806866,17.983786],[-66.807924,17.979606],[-66.806903,17.976046],[-66.805683,17.975052],[-66.795106,17.977438],[-66.789302,17.980793],[-66.784953,17.978326],[-66.787245,17.972914],[-66.80827,17.965635],[-66.8224,17.954499],[-66.838584,17.949931],[-66.852288,17.955004],[-66.856474,17.956553],[-66.859471,17.954316],[-66.862545,17.952022],[-66.871697,17.952707],[-66.88344,17.952526],[-66.899639,17.948298],[-66.904585,17.950527],[-66.906532,17.955356],[-66.906276,17.963368],[-66.924529,17.972808],[-66.928651,17.970204],[-66.930414,17.963127],[-66.916127,17.959102],[-66.909483,17.952559],[-66.909359,17.94988],[-66.912522,17.947446],[-66.930313,17.943389],[-66.932636,17.939998],[-66.931581,17.9369],[-66.919298,17.932062],[-66.923826,17.926923],[-66.927261,17.926875],[-66.959998,17.940216],[-66.980516,17.951648],[-66.98105,17.952505],[-66.982669,17.9551],[-66.982206,17.961192],[-66.987287,17.970663],[-66.996738,17.972899],[-67.003972,17.970799],[-67.014744,17.968468],[-67.024522,17.970722],[-67.062478,17.973819],[-67.076534,17.967759],[-67.089827,17.951418],[-67.101468,17.946621],[-67.109985,17.945806],[-67.109986,17.945806],[-67.128251,17.948153],[-67.133733,17.951919],[-67.167031,17.963073],[-67.178566,17.964792],[-67.183508,17.962706],[-67.188717,17.950989],[-67.187474,17.946252],[-67.183694,17.937982],[-67.183457,17.931135],[-67.194785,17.932826],[-67.196924,17.935651],[-67.197273,17.937461],[-67.197517,17.941514],[-67.197668,17.943549],[-67.198988,17.94782],[-67.200973,17.949896],[-67.210034,17.953595],[-67.212101,17.956027],[-67.21433,17.962436],[-67.215271,17.983464],[-67.211973,17.992993],[-67.207694,17.998019],[-67.177893,18.008882],[-67.174299,18.011149],[-67.172397,18.014906],[-67.172138,18.021422],[-67.173761,18.024548],[-67.193269,18.03185],[-67.209887,18.035439],[-67.196694,18.066491],[-67.190656,18.064269],[-67.184589,18.06775],[-67.183938,18.069914],[-67.186465,18.074195],[-67.192999,18.076877],[-67.198212,18.076828],[-67.199314,18.091135],[-67.19529,18.096149],[-67.183921,18.103683],[-67.182182,18.108507],[-67.176554,18.151046],[-67.178618,18.159318],[-67.180822,18.168055],[-67.180701,18.168182],[-67.155185,18.195001],[-67.152665,18.203493],[-67.158001,18.216719],[-67.173,18.230666],[-67.175429,18.248008],[-67.187843,18.266671],[-67.187873,18.266874],[-67.189971,18.281015],[-67.196056,18.290443],[-67.209963,18.294974],[-67.225403,18.296648],[-67.226081,18.296722],[-67.235137,18.299935],[-67.267484,18.353149],[-67.27135,18.362329],[-67.268259,18.366989],[-67.260671,18.370197],[-67.23909,18.375318],[-67.226744,18.378247],[-67.216998,18.382078],[-67.202167,18.389908],[-67.160144,18.415587],[-67.159608,18.415915],[-67.156599,18.418983],[-67.155245,18.424401],[-67.156619,18.439562],[-67.161746,18.453462],[-67.169011,18.466352],[-67.169016,18.478488],[-67.164144,18.487396],[-67.14283,18.505485],[-67.138249,18.507776],[-67.125655,18.511706],[-67.103468,18.514523],[-67.093752,18.515757],[-67.07929,18.513256],[-67.020276,18.510603],[-66.988958,18.497724],[-66.95954,18.489878],[-66.957733,18.489129],[-66.957517,18.489171],[-66.944636,18.491693],[-66.906872,18.483556],[-66.90143,18.484552],[-66.867386,18.490785],[-66.849673,18.490745],[-66.83694,18.487659],[-66.836635,18.487701],[-66.79932,18.492775],[-66.780311,18.491411],[-66.764893,18.484097],[-66.749301,18.476701],[-66.742067,18.474681],[-66.733986,18.473457],[-66.710743,18.472611],[-66.683719,18.481367],[-66.679876,18.484944],[-66.664364,18.487809],[-66.645839,18.488777],[-66.624618,18.494199],[-66.586778,18.484948],[-66.584074,18.484287],[-66.565241,18.485523],[-66.562916,18.48845],[-66.563485,18.490512],[-66.558503,18.489987],[-66.53484,18.481253],[-66.533487,18.481663],[-66.529476,18.482877],[-66.511609,18.476848],[-66.470292,18.46907],[-66.456486,18.46892],[-66.449184,18.470991],[-66.441852,18.479751],[-66.439961,18.485525],[-66.438813,18.485713]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Puerto Rico\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"15","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae7de4b08c986b32412f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Learned, R. E.","contributorId":9638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Learned","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chao, T. T.","contributorId":31900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chao","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sanzolone, R. F.","contributorId":64199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanzolone","given":"R.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70012137,"text":"70012137 - 1981 - Geochemical evidence for a Brooks Range mineral belt, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-09T15:45:31.400166","indexId":"70012137","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical evidence for a Brooks Range mineral belt, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Geochemical studies in the central Brooks Range, Alaska, delineate a regional, structurally controlled mineral belt in east—west-trending metamorphic rocks and adjacent metasedimentary rocks. The mineral belt extends eastward from the Ambler River quadrangle to the Chandalar and Philip Smith quadrangles, Alaska, from 147° to 156°W. longitude, a distance of more than 375 km, and spans a width from 67° to 69°N. latitude, a distance of more than 222 km. Within this belt are several occurrences of copper and molybdenum mineralization associated with meta-igneous, metasedimentary, and metavolcanic rocks; the geochemical study delineates target areas for additional occurrences.</span></p><p><span>A total of 4677 stream-sediment and 2286 panned-concentrate samples were collected in the central Brooks Range, Alaska, from 1975 to 1979. The −80 mesh (&lt; 177 μm) stream sediment and the heavy (specific gravity &gt; 2.86) nonmagnetic fraction of the panned concentrates from stream sediment were analyzed by semiquantitative spectrographic methods.</span></p><p><span>Two geochemical suites were recognized in this investigation; a base-metal suite of copper-lead-zinc and a molybdenum suite of molybdenum-tin-tungsten. These suites suggest several types of mineralization within the metamorphic belt. Anomalies in molybdenum with associated Cu and W suggest a potential porphyry molybdenum system associated with meta-igneous rocks. This regional study indicates that areas of metaigneous rocks in the central metamorphic belt are target areas for potential mineralized porphyry systems and that areas of metavolcanic rocks are target areas for potential massive sulfide mineralization.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(81)90073-X","usgsCitation":"Marsh, S., and Cathrall, J.B., 1981, Geochemical evidence for a Brooks Range mineral belt, Alaska: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 15, no. 1-3, p. 367-380, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(81)90073-X.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"367","endPage":"380","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222339,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Brooks Range","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -161.77915526476522,\n              68.24682255539341\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.51716495002722,\n              67.65240022502297\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.42546375810784,\n              67.50051608579724\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.87127910307566,\n              66.99844385243944\n            ],\n            [\n              -144.6874614639024,\n              67.55889053901132\n            ],\n            [\n              -144.66399840631632,\n              68.75768487896991\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.77915526476522,\n              68.24682255539341\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a162ce4b0c8380cd5508c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marsh, S.P.","contributorId":32913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cathrall, J. B.","contributorId":29400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cathrall","given":"J.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012104,"text":"70012104 - 1981 - Jasperoid float and stream cobbles as tools in geochemical exploration for hydrothermal ore deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-09T16:24:26.983421","indexId":"70012104","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Jasperoid float and stream cobbles as tools in geochemical exploration for hydrothermal ore deposits","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fragments of silicified rocks that are associated with deposits of base and precious metals may be transported as cobbles and pebbles in alluvium far downstream from the source outcrop. These rocks commonly exhibit certain characteristics which distinguish them from other detrital siliceous material, and may thus serve as a useful tool in reconnaissance geochemical exploration.</span></p><p><span>The predominant characteristics of jasperoid samples, classified according to genesis, type of host rock, and proximity to base and precious metal deposits have been tabulated from a large master file containing descriptive and analytical information on jasperoid samples representing more than a hundred areas in the United States.</span></p><p><span>Jasperoid that is genetically and spatially associated with ore deposits is generally dark gray or brown in color, brecciated, phaneritic, and vuggy. Jasperoids associated with lead and zinc deposits exhibit extensive halos of lead and silver anomalies, and more restricted zinc and gold anomalies. Those related to copper deposits show extensive copper, silver, and gold anomalies, and more restricted bismuth and molybdenum anomalies. Jasperoid related to gold deposits tends to exhibit extensive gold and silver anomalies and more restricted titanium, barium, vanadium, molybdenum, and rare-earth element anomalies.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(81)90104-7","usgsCitation":"Lovering, T., 1981, Jasperoid float and stream cobbles as tools in geochemical exploration for hydrothermal ore deposits: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 14, p. 69-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(81)90104-7.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"81","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221868,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-66.28243,18.51476],[-65.7713,18.42668],[-65.591,18.22803],[-65.84716,17.97591],[-66.59993,17.98182],[-67.18416,17.94655],[-67.24243,18.37446],[-67.10068,18.5206],[-66.28243,18.51476]]],[[[-155.54211,19.08348],[-155.68817,18.91619],[-155.93665,19.05939],[-155.90806,19.33888],[-156.07347,19.70294],[-156.02368,19.81422],[-155.85008,19.97729],[-155.91907,20.17395],[-155.86108,20.26721],[-155.78505,20.2487],[-155.40214,20.07975],[-155.22452,19.99302],[-155.06226,19.8591],[-154.80741,19.50871],[-154.83147,19.45328],[-155.22217,19.23972],[-155.54211,19.08348]]],[[[-156.07926,20.64397],[-156.41445,20.57241],[-156.58673,20.783],[-156.70167,20.8643],[-156.71055,20.92676],[-156.61258,21.01249],[-156.25711,20.91745],[-155.99566,20.76404],[-156.07926,20.64397]]],[[[-156.75824,21.17684],[-156.78933,21.06873],[-157.32521,21.09777],[-157.25027,21.21958],[-156.75824,21.17684]]],[[[-157.65283,21.32217],[-157.70703,21.26442],[-157.7786,21.27729],[-158.12667,21.31244],[-158.2538,21.53919],[-158.29265,21.57912],[-158.0252,21.71696],[-157.94161,21.65272],[-157.65283,21.32217]]],[[[-159.34512,21.982],[-159.46372,21.88299],[-159.80051,22.06533],[-159.74877,22.1382],[-159.5962,22.23618],[-159.36569,22.21494],[-159.34512,21.982]]],[[[-94.81758,49.38905],[-94.64,48.84],[-94.32914,48.67074],[-93.63087,48.60926],[-92.61,48.45],[-91.64,48.14],[-90.83,48.27],[-89.6,48.01],[-89.27292,48.01981],[-88.37811,48.30292],[-87.43979,47.94],[-86.46199,47.55334],[-85.65236,47.22022],[-84.87608,46.90008],[-84.77924,46.6371],[-84.54375,46.53868],[-84.6049,46.4396],[-84.3367,46.40877],[-84.14212,46.51223],[-84.09185,46.27542],[-83.89077,46.11693],[-83.61613,46.11693],[-83.46955,45.99469],[-83.59285,45.81689],[-82.55092,45.34752],[-82.33776,44.44],[-82.13764,43.57109],[-82.43,42.98],[-82.9,42.43],[-83.12,42.08],[-83.142,41.97568],[-83.02981,41.8328],[-82.69009,41.67511],[-82.43928,41.67511],[-81.27775,42.20903],[-80.24745,42.3662],[-78.93936,42.86361],[-78.92,42.965],[-79.01,43.27],[-79.17167,43.46634],[-78.72028,43.62509],[-77.73789,43.62906],[-76.82003,43.62878],[-76.5,44.01846],[-76.375,44.09631],[-75.31821,44.81645],[-74.867,45.00048],[-73.34783,45.00738],[-71.50506,45.0082],[-71.405,45.255],[-71.08482,45.30524],[-70.66,45.46],[-70.305,45.915],[-69.99997,46.69307],[-69.23722,47.44778],[-68.905,47.185],[-68.23444,47.35486],[-67.79046,47.06636],[-67.79134,45.70281],[-67.13741,45.13753],[-66.96466,44.8097],[-68.03252,44.3252],[-69.06,43.98],[-70.11617,43.68405],[-70.64548,43.09024],[-70.81489,42.8653],[-70.825,42.335],[-70.495,41.805],[-70.08,41.78],[-70.185,42.145],[-69.88497,41.92283],[-69.96503,41.63717],[-70.64,41.475],[-71.12039,41.49445],[-71.86,41.32],[-72.295,41.27],[-72.87643,41.22065],[-73.71,40.9311],[-72.24126,41.11948],[-71.945,40.93],[-73.345,40.63],[-73.982,40.628],[-73.95232,40.75075],[-74.25671,40.47351],[-73.96244,40.42763],[-74.17838,39.70926],[-74.90604,38.93954],[-74.98041,39.1964],[-75.20002,39.24845],[-75.52805,39.4985],[-75.32,38.96],[-75.07183,38.78203],[-75.05673,38.40412],[-75.37747,38.01551],[-75.94023,37.21689],[-76.03127,37.2566],[-75.72205,37.93705],[-76.23287,38.31921],[-76.35,39.15],[-76.54272,38.71762],[-76.32933,38.08326],[-76.99,38.23999],[-76.30162,37.91794],[-76.25874,36.9664],[-75.9718,36.89726],[-75.86804,36.55125],[-75.72749,35.55074],[-76.36318,34.80854],[-77.39763,34.51201],[-78.05496,33.92547],[-78.55435,33.86133],[-79.06067,33.49395],[-79.20357,33.15839],[-80.30132,32.50935],[-80.86498,32.0333],[-81.33629,31.44049],[-81.49042,30.72999],[-81.31371,30.03552],[-80.98,29.18],[-80.53558,28.47213],[-80.53,28.04],[-80.05654,26.88],[-80.08801,26.20576],[-80.13156,25.81677],[-80.38103,25.20616],[-80.68,25.08],[-81.17213,25.20126],[-81.33,25.64],[-81.71,25.87],[-82.24,26.73],[-82.70515,27.49504],[-82.85526,27.88624],[-82.65,28.55],[-82.93,29.1],[-83.70959,29.93656],[-84.1,30.09],[-85.10882,29.63615],[-85.28784,29.68612],[-85.7731,30.15261],[-86.4,30.4],[-87.53036,30.27433],[-88.41782,30.3849],[-89.18049,30.31598],[-89.59383,30.15999],[-89.41373,29.89419],[-89.43,29.48864],[-89.21767,29.29108],[-89.40823,29.15961],[-89.77928,29.30714],[-90.15463,29.11743],[-90.88022,29.14854],[-91.62678,29.677],[-92.49906,29.5523],[-93.22637,29.78375],[-93.84842,29.71363],[-94.69,29.48],[-95.60026,28.73863],[-96.59404,28.30748],[-97.14,27.83],[-97.37,27.38],[-97.38,26.69],[-97.33,26.21],[-97.14,25.87],[-97.53,25.84],[-98.24,26.06],[-99.02,26.37],[-99.3,26.84],[-99.52,27.54],[-100.11,28.11],[-100.45584,28.69612],[-100.9576,29.38071],[-101.6624,29.7793],[-102.48,29.76],[-103.11,28.97],[-103.94,29.27],[-104.45697,29.57196],[-104.70575,30.12173],[-105.03737,30.64402],[-105.63159,31.08383],[-106.1429,31.39995],[-106.50759,31.75452],[-108.24,31.75485],[-108.24194,31.34222],[-109.035,31.34194],[-111.02361,31.33472],[-113.30498,32.03914],[-114.815,32.52528],[-114.72139,32.72083],[-115.99135,32.61239],[-117.12776,32.53534],[-117.29594,33.04622],[-117.944,33.62124],[-118.4106,33.74091],[-118.51989,34.02778],[-119.081,34.078],[-119.43884,34.34848],[-120.36778,34.44711],[-120.62286,34.60855],[-120.74433,35.15686],[-121.71457,36.16153],[-122.54747,37.55176],[-122.51201,37.78339],[-122.95319,38.11371],[-123.7272,38.95166],[-123.86517,39.76699],[-124.39807,40.3132],[-124.17886,41.14202],[-124.2137,41.99964],[-124.53284,42.76599],[-124.14214,43.70838],[-124.02053,44.6159],[-123.89893,45.52341],[-124.07963,46.86475],[-124.39567,47.72017],[-124.68721,48.18443],[-124.5661,48.37971],[-123.12,48.04],[-122.58736,47.096],[-122.34,47.36],[-122.5,48.18],[-122.84,49],[-120,49],[-117.03121,49],[-116.04818,49],[-113,49],[-110.05,49],[-107.05,49],[-104.04826,48.99986],[-100.65,49],[-97.22872,49.0007],[-95.15907,49],[-95.15609,49.38425],[-94.81758,49.38905]]],[[[-153.00631,57.11584],[-154.00509,56.73468],[-154.5164,56.99275],[-154.67099,57.4612],[-153.76278,57.81657],[-153.22873,57.96897],[-152.56479,57.90143],[-152.14115,57.59106],[-153.00631,57.11584]]],[[[-165.57916,59.90999],[-166.19277,59.75444],[-166.84834,59.94141],[-167.45528,60.21307],[-166.46779,60.38417],[-165.67443,60.29361],[-165.57916,59.90999]]],[[[-171.73166,63.78252],[-171.11443,63.59219],[-170.49111,63.69498],[-169.68251,63.43112],[-168.68944,63.29751],[-168.77194,63.1886],[-169.52944,62.97693],[-170.29056,63.19444],[-170.67139,63.37582],[-171.55306,63.31779],[-171.79111,63.40585],[-171.73166,63.78252]]],[[[-155.06779,71.14778],[-154.34417,70.69641],[-153.90001,70.88999],[-152.21001,70.82999],[-152.27,70.60001],[-150.73999,70.43002],[-149.72,70.53001],[-147.61336,70.21403],[-145.68999,70.12001],[-144.92001,69.98999],[-143.58945,70.15251],[-142.07251,69.85194],[-140.98599,69.712],[-140.9925,66.00003],[-140.99777,60.3064],[-140.013,60.27684],[-139.039,60.00001],[-138.34089,59.56211],[-137.4525,58.905],[-136.47972,59.46389],[-135.47583,59.78778],[-134.945,59.27056],[-134.27111,58.86111],[-133.35555,58.41029],[-132.73042,57.69289],[-131.70781,56.55212],[-130.00778,55.91583],[-129.97999,55.285],[-130.53611,54.80275],[-131.08582,55.17891],[-131.96721,55.49778],[-132.25001,56.37],[-133.53918,57.17889],[-134.07806,58.12307],[-135.03821,58.18771],[-136.62806,58.21221],[-137.80001,58.5],[-139.86779,59.53776],[-140.82527,59.72752],[-142.57444,60.08445],[-143.95888,59.99918],[-145.92556,60.45861],[-147.11437,60.88466],[-148.22431,60.67299],[-148.01807,59.97833],[-148.57082,59.91417],[-149.72786,59.70566],[-150.60824,59.36821],[-151.71639,59.15582],[-151.85943,59.74498],[-151.40972,60.7258],[-150.34694,61.03359],[-150.62111,61.28442],[-151.89584,60.7272],[-152.57833,60.06166],[-154.01917,59.35028],[-153.28751,58.86473],[-154.23249,58.14637],[-155.30749,57.72779],[-156.30833,57.42277],[-156.5561,56.97998],[-158.11722,56.46361],[-158.43332,55.99415],[-159.60333,55.56669],[-160.28972,55.64358],[-161.22305,55.36473],[-162.23777,55.02419],[-163.06945,54.68974],[-164.78557,54.40417],[-164.94223,54.57222],[-163.84834,55.03943],[-162.87,55.34804],[-161.80417,55.89499],[-160.5636,56.00805],[-160.07056,56.41806],[-158.68444,57.01668],[-158.4611,57.21692],[-157.72277,57.57],[-157.55027,58.32833],[-157.04167,58.91888],[-158.19473,58.6158],[-158.51722,58.78778],[-159.05861,58.42419],[-159.71167,58.93139],[-159.98129,58.57255],[-160.35527,59.07112],[-161.355,58.67084],[-161.96889,58.67166],[-162.05499,59.26693],[-161.87417,59.63362],[-162.51806,59.98972],[-163.81834,59.79806],[-164.66222,60.26748],[-165.34639,60.5075],[-165.35083,61.0739],[-166.12138,61.50002],[-165.73445,62.075],[-164.91918,62.63308],[-164.56251,63.14638],[-163.75333,63.21945],[-163.06722,63.05946],[-162.26056,63.54194],[-161.53445,63.45582],[-160.77251,63.76611],[-160.95834,64.2228],[-161.51807,64.40279],[-160.77778,64.7886],[-161.39193,64.77724],[-162.45305,64.55944],[-162.75779,64.33861],[-163.54639,64.55916],[-164.96083,64.44695],[-166.42529,64.68667],[-166.845,65.0889],[-168.11056,65.67],[-166.70527,66.08832],[-164.47471,66.57666],[-163.65251,66.57666],[-163.7886,66.07721],[-161.67777,66.11612],[-162.48971,66.73557],[-163.71972,67.11639],[-164.43099,67.61634],[-165.39029,68.04277],[-166.76444,68.35888],[-166.20471,68.88303],[-164.43081,68.91554],[-163.16861,69.37111],[-162.93057,69.85806],[-161.9089,70.33333],[-160.9348,70.44769],[-159.03918,70.89164],[-158.11972,70.82472],[-156.58082,71.35776],[-155.06779,71.14778]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"United States\"}}]}","volume":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3fe9e4b0c8380cd6490a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovering, T.G.","contributorId":55014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovering","given":"T.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70011927,"text":"70011927 - 1981 - First manned submersible dives on the East Pacific Rise at 21°N (project RITA): general results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-10T13:27:10","indexId":"70011927","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2668,"text":"Marine Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"First manned submersible dives on the East Pacific Rise at 21°N (project RITA): general results","docAbstract":"<p><span>A submersible study has been conducted in February&ndash;March 1978 at the axis of the East Pacific Rise near 21&deg;N. The expedition CYAMEX, the first submersible program to be conducted on the East Pacific Rise, is part of the French-American-Mexican project RITA (Rivera-Tamayo), a 3-year study devoted to detailed geological and geophysical investigations of the East Pacific Rise Crest. On the basis of the 15 dives made by CYANA in the axial area of the Rise, a morphological and tectonic zonation can be established for this moderately-fast spreading center. A narrow, 0.6 to 1.2 km wide zone of extrusion (zone 1), dominated by young lava flows, is flanked by a highly fissured and faulted zone of extension (zone 2) with a width of 1 to 2 km. Further out, zone 3 is dominated by outward tilted blocks bounded by inward-facing fault scarps. Active or recent faults extend up to 12 km from the axis of extrusion of the East Pacific Rise. This represents the first determination from direct field evidence of the width of active tectonism associated with an accreting plate boundary. Massive sulfide deposits, made principally of zinc, copper and iron, were found close to the axis of the Rise. Other signs of the intense hydrothermal activity included the discovery of benthic fauna of gian size similar to that found at the axis of the Galapagos Rift. We emphasize the cyclic character of the volcanicity. The main characteristics of the geology of this segment of the East Pacific Rise can be explained by the thermal structure at depth below this moderately-fast spreading center. The geological observations are compatible with the existence of a shallow magma reservoir centered at the axis of the Rise with a half-width of the order of 10 km.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1007/BF00286034","issn":"00253235","usgsCitation":"Francheteau, J., Needham, H., Choukroune, P., Juteau, T., Seguret, M., Ballard, R.D., Fox, P., Normark, W.R., Carranza, A., Cordoba, D., Guerrero, J., and Rangin, C., 1981, First manned submersible dives on the East Pacific Rise at 21°N (project RITA): general results: Marine Geophysical Research, v. 4, no. 4, p. 345-379, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00286034.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"345","endPage":"379","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220941,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205076,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00286034"}],"volume":"4","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1058e4b0c8380cd53c27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Francheteau, Jean","contributorId":34262,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Francheteau","given":"Jean","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Needham, H.D.","contributorId":53947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Needham","given":"H.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Choukroune, P.","contributorId":68458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choukroune","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Juteau, Tierre","contributorId":43496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Juteau","given":"Tierre","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seguret, M.","contributorId":74514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seguret","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ballard, Richard D.","contributorId":40729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballard","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fox, P.J.","contributorId":79233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Normark, W. R.","contributorId":87137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Normark","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Carranza, A.","contributorId":84076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carranza","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Cordoba, D.","contributorId":47522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordoba","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Guerrero, J.","contributorId":81248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guerrero","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Rangin, C.","contributorId":105853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rangin","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70011916,"text":"70011916 - 1981 - Sequential extraction techniques applied to a porphyry copper deposit in the basin and range province","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-10T14:02:43.813029","indexId":"70011916","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sequential extraction techniques applied to a porphyry copper deposit in the basin and range province","docAbstract":"<div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Samples of minus-80-mesh (&lt;180 μm) stream sediment, rock containing exposed fracture coatings, and jarosite and chrysocolla were collected from an area surrounding the North Silver Bell porphyry Cu deposit near Tucson, Arizona. The samples were subjected to a series of extractions in a scheme originally designed for use on samples from humid or sub-humid environments, in which the following fractions can effectively be separated: (1) carbonates and exchangeable metals; (2) Mn oxides; (3) organic compounds and sulfides; (4) hydrous Fe oxides; and (5) residual crystalline minerals. Jarosite and chrysocolla, two major minerals of the North Silver Bell area, were found to dissolve over two or more steps of the extraction scheme. The results represent only a limited number of samples from one copper deposit. Nevertheless, they do suggest that in a semiarid to arid environment, where mechanical dispersion of such minerals predominates, uncritical assignment of unique phases, such as Mn oxides or organics to a given extraction would lead to false interpretations of weathering processes. However, the relative proportions of elements dissolved in each step of the jarosite and chrysocolla extractions could be used as a “fingerprint” for recognition of the presence of these two minerals in the stream-sediment and rock samples. The relative abundance of hydrous Fe oxide and jarosite and the alteration zoning could be mapped using data from jarosite and chrysocolla extractions. Manganese oxides were also found to have a greater influence on Zn than on Cu or Pb during supergene alteration.</div><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">The rapid change in relative importance of the first (1<i>M</i>-acetic acid) extraction for Cu, Zn, and Pb near the mineralized zone suggested the occurrence of minor hydromorphic processes within the stream sediments. Thus, the acetic acid extraction proved the most effective for pinpointing mineralization in sediments. In contrast, the residual fraction had the longest dispersion train, suggesting that total metal concentrations are most effective in arid environments for reconnaissance surveys.</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(81)90110-2","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Filipek, L., and Theobald, P.K., 1981, Sequential extraction techniques applied to a porphyry copper deposit in the basin and range province: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 14, no. C, p. 155-174, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(81)90110-2.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"174","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220727,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"C","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d52e4b08c986b31833f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Filipek, L.H.","contributorId":58392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Filipek","given":"L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Theobald, P. K. Jr.","contributorId":70398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theobald","given":"P.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70011771,"text":"70011771 - 1981 - Some geologic and potential resource aspects of rutile in porphyry copper deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-06T15:31:54.834899","indexId":"70011771","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Some geologic and potential resource aspects of rutile in porphyry copper deposits","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.76.8.2240","usgsCitation":"Czamanske, G., Force, E.R., and Moore, W.J., 1981, Some geologic and potential resource aspects of rutile in porphyry copper deposits: Economic Geology, v. 76, no. 8, p. 2240-2246, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.76.8.2240.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2240","endPage":"2246","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221545,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b92abe4b08c986b31a050","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Czamanske, G.K.","contributorId":26300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czamanske","given":"G.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Force, E. R.","contributorId":28235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Force","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, W. J.","contributorId":84334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70011767,"text":"70011767 - 1981 - Regional geochemical studies in the Patagonia Mountains, Santa Cruz County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-09T16:37:07.769964","indexId":"70011767","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional geochemical studies in the Patagonia Mountains, Santa Cruz County, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Patagonia Mountains in southern Arizona contain the deeply buried porphyry copper system at Red Mountain as well as a number of other base- and precious-metal mines and prospects. The range contains complex Basin and Range geology with units ranging in age from Precambrian to Holocene. Rock types present include igneous intrusive and extrusive units as well as sedimentary and metamorphic units, most of which have been tectonically disturbed. A total of 264 stream-sediment samples were collected and analyzed for 32 elements. Geochemical maps for Sb, Ag, Pb, Te, B, Mn, Au, Zn, Cu (total), Cu (cold-extractable), and Mo, as well as for Cu (cold-extractable)/Cu (total) and Fe/Mn, are presented.</span></p><p><span>Anomaly patterns for these elements generally occur over the Red Mountain deposit and (or) along a north-northwest trend parallel to the major Harshaw Creek Fault. Much of the entire area sampled contains widespread anomalies for Pb, Te, and Cu; the other elements are only locally anomalous. Various plots of ratios of Cu (cold-extractable) to Cu (total) did not produce any new information not readily apparent on either one of the two copper maps. A plot of ratios of Fe to Mn delineated many areas of pyrite mineralization. Several of these areas may represent the pyritic halos around deeply buried porphyry copper systems.</span></p><p><span>The best ore guide for the Red Mountain porphyry system is the coincidence of positive anomalies of Mo, Pb, and Te and a negative anomaly of Mn. Other areas with anomalies of the same suite of elements are present within the Patagonia Mountains.</span></p><p><span>It is concluded that geochemical sampling, even in a highly contaminated area, can be useful in delineating major geologic features, such as porphyry copper belts and major faults. Multielement geochemical surveys on a regional scale can effectively locate large, deeply buried, zoned mineral systems such as that at Red Mountain. Plots of element ratios, where adequately understood, can provide geochemical information not readily discernible from plots of single elements alone.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(81)90109-6","usgsCitation":"Chaffee, M., Hill, R.H., Sutley, S.J., and Watterson, J., 1981, Regional geochemical studies in the Patagonia Mountains, Santa Cruz County, Arizona: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 14, p. 135-153, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(81)90109-6.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"153","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221469,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Santa Cruz County","otherGeospatial":"Patagonia Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.77118066380213,\n              31.530102783773245\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.77118066380213,\n              31.336014014639815\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.63864115062256,\n              31.336014014639815\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.63864115062256,\n              31.530102783773245\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.77118066380213,\n              31.530102783773245\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a4dbe4b0e8fec6cdbcab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chaffee, M.A.","contributorId":108049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaffee","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, R. H.","contributorId":57059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sutley, S. J.","contributorId":91484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutley","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Watterson, J.R.","contributorId":102890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watterson","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70011743,"text":"70011743 - 1981 - Location of the Border Ranges fault southwest of Kodiak Island, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-04T12:15:35.46436","indexId":"70011743","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Location of the Border Ranges fault southwest of Kodiak Island, Alaska","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15238273\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>A positive magnetic anomaly extends discontinuously from the south side of the Copper River basin, along the southeast side of Cook Inlet and Shelikof Strait, and southwestward from Kodiak Island to near Sutwik Island. Regionally, this anomaly parallels the Border Ranges fault and is within 10 km of it along the Kodiak Islands. The most probable source for the anomaly near Kodiak Island is mainly Early Jurassic plutonic rocks and locally ultramafic rocks that are associated with a melange. The Border Ranges fault lies between these two rock types, and given the regional parallelism of the fault and the magnetic anomaly, the fault can be traced offshore southwest of Kodiak Island to near Sutwik Island using marine magnetic data. Lithologic evidence suggests that the fault continues southwest of Sutwik Island toward the southwest end of the Alaska Peninsula.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1981)92<19:LOTBRF>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Fisher, M.A., 1981, Location of the Border Ranges fault southwest of Kodiak Island, Alaska: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 92, no. 1, p. 19-30, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1981)92<19:LOTBRF>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"30","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220858,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4927e4b0c8380cd683c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, M. A.","contributorId":69972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70011702,"text":"70011702 - 1981 - Estimating usable resources from historical industry data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-12T17:00:35.779734","indexId":"70011702","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating usable resources from historical industry data","docAbstract":"<p><span>Historical production statistics are used to predict the quantity of remaining usable resources. The commodities considered are mercury, copper and its byproducts gold and silver, and petroleum; the production and discovery data are for the United States. The results of the study indicate that the cumulative return per unit of effort, herein measured as grade of metal ores and discovery rate of recoverable petroleum, is proportional to a negative power of total effort expended, herein measured as total ore mined and total exploratory wells or footage drilled. This power relationship can be extended to some limiting point (a lower ore grade or a maximum number of exploratory wells or footage), and the apparent quantity of available remaining resource at that limit can be calculated. For mercury ore of grades at and above 0.1 percent, the remaining usable resource in the United States is calculated to be 54 million kg (1,567,000 flasks). For copper ore of grades at and above 0.2 percent, the remaining usable copper resource is calculated to be 270 million metric tons (298 million short tons); remaining resources of its by-products gold and silver are calculated to be 3,656 metric tons (118 million troy ounces) and 64,676 metric tons (2,079 million troy ounces), respectively. The undiscovered recoverable crude oil resource in the conterminous United States, at 3 billion feet of additional exploratory drilling, is calculated to be nearly 37.6 billion barrels; the undiscovered recoverable petroleum resource in the Permian basin of western Texas and southeastern New Mexico, at 300 million feet of additional exploratory drilling or 50,000 additional exploratory wells, is calculated to be about 6.2 billion BOE (barrels of oil equivalent).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.76.5.1081","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Cargill, S., Root, D.H., and Bailey, E.H., 1981, Estimating usable resources from historical industry data: Economic Geology, v. 76, no. 5, p. 1081-1095, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.76.5.1081.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1081","endPage":"1095","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221250,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1981-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b6ce4b0c8380cd526fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cargill, S.M.","contributorId":64776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cargill","given":"S.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Root, D. H.","contributorId":74019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Root","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bailey, E. H.","contributorId":44509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5221552,"text":"5221552 - 1980 - Residues of environmental pollutants and necropsy data for eastern United States ospreys, 1964-1973","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-16T16:48:13.864664","indexId":"5221552","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:33","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Residues of environmental pollutants and necropsy data for eastern United States ospreys, 1964-1973","docAbstract":"<p><span>Thirty-three ospreys (</span><i>Pandion haliaetus</i><span>) that were found dead or moribund in the Eastern United States between 1964 and 1973 were necropsied. The brains and carcasses of 26 of these birds were analyzed for organochlorines. The livers of 18 and the kidneys of 7 were analyzed for selected metals. Most adults were recovered in April and May and most immatures were recovered in August through October. The adult sex ratio was highly unbalanced in favor of females. Major causes of mortality were impact injuries, emaciation, shooting, and respiratory infections. Of special interest were two birds with malignant tumors and one with steatitis. Many birds had undergone marked weight losses resulting in mobilization and redistribution of organochlorine residues. Organochlorines were detected in the birds at the following percentages: DDE 100%, PCB 96%, DDD 92%, dieldrin 88%, chlordanes (including nonachlors) 82%, DDT 65%, and heptachlor expoxide 38%. Organochlorine levels tended to be higher in adults than in immatures. One adult from South Carolina had a potentially dangerous level of dieldrin in its brain, which might have contributed to its death. Immature ospreys from Maryland had extremely elevated levels of copper in their livers compared with immatures from other areas and all adults. One immature from Maryland had an elevated level of arsenic in its liver, which might have contributed to its death. One adult from Florida that had died of impact injuries had potentially dangerous levels of mercury in both liver and kidney and slightly elevated levels of cadmium in these tissues. Additional birds appeared to have been exposed to contamination of the environment by arsenic and mercury. The levels of chromium, zinc, and lead in livers appeared normal.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.2307/1352065","usgsCitation":"Wiemeyer, S.N., Lamont, T.G., and Locke, L.N., 1980, Residues of environmental pollutants and necropsy data for eastern United States ospreys, 1964-1973: Estuaries, v. 3, no. 3, p. 155-167, https://doi.org/10.2307/1352065.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"167","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193346,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-71.860513,41.320248],[-72.983751,41.235364],[-73.643478,41.002171],[-73.785964,40.800862],[-72.245348,41.161217],[-72.273657,41.051533],[-72.116368,40.999796],[-71.869558,41.075046],[-72.39585,40.86666],[-73.23914,40.6251],[-74.206731,40.594569],[-74.209788,40.447407],[-73.995683,40.468707],[-73.971381,40.371709],[-74.090945,39.799978],[-74.850748,38.954538],[-74.933571,38.928519],[-74.905181,39.174945],[-75.165979,39.201842],[-75.542894,39.470447],[-75.511743,39.674313],[-75.587147,39.651012],[-75.401193,39.088762],[-75.06551,38.66103],[-75.057288,38.404738],[-75.87767,37.135604],[-76.023664,37.268971],[-75.712065,37.936082],[-75.846621,37.925785],[-75.938577,38.272329],[-76.188644,38.267434],[-76.320843,38.459862],[-76.190902,38.621092],[-76.308922,38.813346],[-76.205063,38.892726],[-76.333703,38.984607],[-76.168332,38.996546],[-76.27566,39.160304],[-75.986298,39.510398],[-76.497977,39.204697],[-76.438845,39.0529],[-76.559697,38.767443],[-76.329433,38.073986],[-77.040638,38.444618],[-77.256412,38.396755],[-77.175969,38.604113],[-77.26443,38.582845],[-77.286202,38.347025],[-77.024866,38.386791],[-76.910832,38.197073],[-76.265998,37.91138],[-76.339892,37.655966],[-76.722156,37.83668],[-76.252415,37.447274],[-76.475927,37.250543],[-76.300352,37.00885],[-76.780532,37.209336],[-76.482407,36.917364],[-75.972151,36.842268],[-75.533012,35.787377],[-75.960069,36.495025],[-75.791637,36.082267],[-76.132005,36.287773],[-76.191715,36.107197],[-76.447812,36.192514],[-76.298733,36.1012],[-76.575936,36.006167],[-76.721445,36.147838],[-76.675462,36.266882],[-76.722996,36.066585],[-76.608052,35.936668],[-76.093697,35.993001],[-76.046813,35.717935],[-75.86042,35.978262],[-75.713502,35.693993],[-76.165392,35.328659],[-76.499251,35.381492],[-76.586349,35.508957],[-76.476706,35.511707],[-76.634468,35.510332],[-76.580187,35.387113],[-77.023912,35.514802],[-76.472273,35.294936],[-76.801426,34.964369],[-76.958465,35.047647],[-76.762931,34.920374],[-76.463468,35.076411],[-76.332044,34.970917],[-76.524712,34.681964],[-76.673619,34.71491],[-76.523303,34.652271],[-76.093349,35.048705],[-76.524199,34.615416],[-76.990262,34.669623],[-77.556943,34.417218],[-77.956881,33.87779],[-78.383964,33.901946],[-78.772737,33.768511],[-79.359961,33.006672],[-79.55756,33.021269],[-79.968468,32.639732],[-80.413487,32.470672],[-80.466342,32.31917],[-80.905378,32.051943],[-80.841913,32.002643],[-81.065255,31.877095],[-81.254218,31.55594],[-81.17831,31.52241],[-81.276862,31.254734],[-81.490586,30.984952],[-81.408484,30.977718],[-81.308978,29.96944],[-80.995423,29.206052],[-80.567361,28.562353],[-80.566432,28.09563],[-80.031362,26.796339],[-80.127394,25.791224],[-80.409103,25.25346],[-81.079859,25.118797],[-81.362272,25.824401],[-81.727086,25.907207],[-81.868983,26.378648],[-82.094748,26.48393],[-82.076349,26.958263],[-82.147068,26.789803],[-82.301736,26.841588],[-82.714521,27.500415],[-82.393383,27.837519],[-82.716522,27.958398],[-82.566819,27.858002],[-82.721622,27.663908],[-82.851126,27.8863],[-82.674787,28.441956],[-82.702618,28.932955],[-83.679219,29.918513],[-84.245668,30.093021],[-84.335953,29.912962],[-85.343619,29.672004],[-85.405052,29.938487],[-86.222561,30.343585],[-87.518324,30.280435],[-87.395941,30.643968],[-87.626228,30.857127],[-87.548543,30.997927],[-85.057534,31.000585],[-85.141831,31.839261],[-84.925427,32.221551],[-85.188741,32.889727],[-85.598781,34.944915],[-84.394903,34.98803],[-84.260319,35.241877],[-84.097508,35.247382],[-83.759675,35.562492],[-83.498335,35.562981],[-82.637165,36.065805],[-82.531292,35.972188],[-81.762371,36.338856],[-81.692167,36.562695],[-81.826742,36.614215],[-83.645586,36.600002],[-82.895445,36.882145],[-82.722097,37.120168],[-81.968297,37.537798],[-82.39968,37.829935],[-82.638398,38.152157],[-82.595382,38.382712],[-82.181967,38.599384],[-82.068864,38.984878],[-81.759995,38.925828],[-81.814155,39.073478],[-81.692203,39.236091],[-80.865575,39.662751],[-80.602895,40.327869],[-80.652436,40.562544],[-80.52566,40.636068],[-80.519345,41.929168],[-78.868556,42.770258],[-79.061388,43.251349],[-78.370221,43.376505],[-76.952174,43.270692],[-76.235834,43.529256],[-76.133697,43.940356],[-76.360306,44.070907],[-76.312647,44.199044],[-74.946686,44.984665],[-71.502487,45.013367],[-71.443882,45.235462],[-70.898482,45.244088],[-70.684614,45.395071],[-70.688214,45.563981],[-70.259117,45.890755],[-70.290896,46.185838],[-70.057061,46.415036],[-69.997086,46.69523],[-69.22442,47.459686],[-69.066715,47.43024],[-69.0402,47.2451],[-68.893204,47.182974],[-68.292679,47.359476],[-67.991871,47.212042],[-67.790515,47.067921],[-67.803148,45.696127],[-67.476704,45.604157],[-67.489464,45.282653],[-67.390579,45.154114],[-67.145652,45.146667],[-66.986318,44.820657],[-68.049334,44.33073],[-68.22939,44.463496],[-68.191924,44.306675],[-68.339498,44.222893],[-68.3791,44.430049],[-68.529905,44.39907],[-68.528153,44.241263],[-68.982449,44.426195],[-69.031878,44.079036],[-69.259838,43.921427],[-69.851297,43.703581],[-70.026193,43.822587],[-70.176023,43.76079],[-70.810999,42.892375],[-70.772267,42.711064],[-70.595474,42.660336],[-70.996097,42.271222],[-70.754488,42.228673],[-70.471552,41.761563],[-70.008462,41.800786],[-70.169781,42.059736],[-70.082624,42.054657],[-69.935952,41.809422],[-69.976478,41.603664],[-70.329924,41.634578],[-70.902763,41.421061],[-70.658659,41.543385],[-70.708193,41.730959],[-71.19302,41.457931],[-71.21616,41.62549],[-71.304394,41.454502],[-71.19564,41.67509],[-71.342786,41.728506],[-71.455371,41.407962],[-71.860513,41.320248]],[[-77.038598,38.791513],[-77.002498,38.96541],[-77.0915,38.95651],[-77.038598,38.791513]]],[[[-81.582923,24.658732],[-81.451267,24.747464],[-81.298028,24.656774],[-81.765993,24.552103],[-81.582923,24.658732]]],[[[-84.777208,29.707398],[-84.696726,29.76993],[-85.036219,29.588919],[-84.777208,29.707398]]],[[[-82.255777,26.703437],[-82.038403,26.456907],[-82.186441,26.489221],[-82.255777,26.703437]]],[[[-80.250581,25.34193],[-80.611693,24.93842],[-80.192336,25.473331],[-80.250581,25.34193]]],[[[-70.59628,41.471905],[-70.450431,41.420703],[-70.496162,41.346452],[-70.802083,41.314207],[-70.59628,41.471905]]],[[[-70.092142,41.297741],[-69.960277,41.278731],[-70.256164,41.288123],[-70.092142,41.297741]]],[[[-75.753765,35.199612],[-75.523952,35.318198],[-75.533512,35.773577],[-75.52592,35.233839],[-75.982812,35.081513],[-75.753765,35.199612]]],[[[-74.144428,40.53516],[-74.219787,40.502603],[-74.120186,40.642201],[-74.144428,40.53516]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Connecticut\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b05a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiemeyer, Stanley N.","contributorId":78279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiemeyer","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lamont, T. G.","contributorId":51252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamont","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Locke, L. N.","contributorId":73539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locke","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5221596,"text":"5221596 - 1980 - Organochlorine and heavy metal residues in black duck eggs from the Atlantic Flyway, 1978","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-11T15:12:12.34141","indexId":"5221596","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3038,"text":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","onlineIssn":" 0031-615","printIssn":" 0031-615","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine and heavy metal residues in black duck eggs from the Atlantic Flyway, 1978","docAbstract":"<p>Black duck (<i>Anas rubripes</i>) eggs were collected during 1978 in the Atlantic Flyway. One egg from each of 49 clutches was analyzed for organochlorine compounds and mercury. DDE was detected in 39 eggs, ranging from 0.09 ppm to 3.4 ppm, wet weight. DDE residues were highest in eggs from Delaware, where the mean DDE level was 2.0 ppm. DDT and TDE were present at Iow levels in only five and four eggs, respectively. PCBs resembling Aroclor 1260 were detected in 24 eggs and ranged from 0.43 ppm to 2.9 ppm. Eggs from Massachusetts and Rhode Island contained an average of &gt;1.0 ppm PCBs, but eggs from Nova Scotia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia contained no detectable PCBs. Dieldrin, oxychlordane, and heptachlor epoxide were present in a few samples at low levels. Mercury was detected in 31 eggs, ranging from 0.07 ppm to 0.34 ppm, wet weight. Twenty eggs analyzed for chromium, copper, and arsenic contained averages of 0.64 ppm, 1.7 ppm, and 0.18 ppm, respectively. No geographic pattern was observed in these metal residue levels. Eggshell thickness (0.347 mm) was identical to the pre-1946 norm.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Working Group on Pest Management","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Haseltine, S.D., Mulhern, B., and Stafford, C., 1980, Organochlorine and heavy metal residues in black duck eggs from the Atlantic Flyway, 1978: Pesticides Monitoring Journal, v. 14, no. 2, p. 53-57.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"57","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267911,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26096883"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,  New Brunswick, New Hampshire, Nova Scotia, Pennsylvania, Quebec, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Flyway","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -59.0625,\n              45.42929873257377\n            ],\n            [\n              -60.46875,\n              47.249406957888446\n            ],\n            [\n              -57.12890625,\n              51.91716758909015\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.126953125,\n              52.50953477032727\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.236328125,\n              54.23955053156177\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.423828125,\n              55.727110085045986\n            ],\n            [\n              -63.984375,\n              58.69977573144006\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.7314453125,\n              60.28340847828243\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.740234375,\n              62.5325943454858\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.837890625,\n              62.63376960786813\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.44238281249999,\n              58.53959476664049\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.4970703125,\n              54.49556752187406\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.0576171875,\n              47.18971246448421\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.7724609375,\n              45.55252525134013\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.9052734375,\n              44.99588261816546\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.5205078125,\n              42.09822241118974\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.6083984375,\n              40.97989806962013\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.1904296875,\n              41.96765920367816\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.7607421875,\n              42.293564192170095\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.68359375,\n              42.32606244456202\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.5517578125,\n              39.90973623453719\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.5849609375,\n              39.67337039176558\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.3212890625,\n              39.16414104768742\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.0908203125,\n              39.50404070558415\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.5517578125,\n              37.61423141542417\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.8701171875,\n              37.47485808497102\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.232421875,\n              36.73888412439431\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.9375,\n              36.59788913307022\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.048828125,\n              41.343824581185686\n            ],\n            [\n              -59.0625,\n              45.42929873257377\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4fe4b07f02db628733","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haseltine, S. D.","contributorId":80219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haseltine","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mulhern, B.M.","contributorId":98683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulhern","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stafford, C.","contributorId":66367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":9710,"text":"ofr80223 - 1980 - Copper River hydraulic study at Million Dollar Bridge, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:21","indexId":"ofr80223","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-223","title":"Copper River hydraulic study at Million Dollar Bridge, Alaska","docAbstract":"The Copper River hydraulic conditions in the vicinity of the Million-Dollar Bridge, Alaska, at the outlet to Miles Lake are described. The water discharge, lake and river bed profiles, bathymetry, velocity, and direction of flow are presented. (Kosco-USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80223","usgsCitation":"Jones, S.H., and Barber, W.F., 1980, Copper River hydraulic study at Million Dollar Bridge, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-223, iii, 6 p. :1 ill. (fold. in envelope), 2 maps (1 fold. in envelope) ;30 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80223.","productDescription":"iii, 6 p. :1 ill. (fold. in envelope), 2 maps (1 fold. in envelope) ;30 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142374,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0223/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":37459,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0223/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37457,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0223/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37458,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0223/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db68639c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Stanley H.","contributorId":98729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barber, William F.","contributorId":61039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":16578,"text":"ofr80543 - 1980 - Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonics and the age of porphyry copper prospects: Chignik and Sutwik Island quadrangles, Alaska Peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-22T22:48:01.234821","indexId":"ofr80543","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-543","title":"Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonics and the age of porphyry copper prospects: Chignik and Sutwik Island quadrangles, Alaska Peninsula","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80543","usgsCitation":"Wilson, F.H., 1980, Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonics and the age of porphyry copper prospects: Chignik and Sutwik Island quadrangles, Alaska Peninsula: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-543, Report: viii, 94 p.; 5 Plates: 47.17 × 33.29 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80543.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 94 p.; 5 Plates: 47.17 × 33.29 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":45573,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0543/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45574,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0543/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45572,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0543/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45575,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0543/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45571,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0543/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":45576,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0543/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":148436,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0543/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":108053,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_11688.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"11688"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chignik and Sutwik Island quadrangles","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.5,\n              57\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.5,\n              56\n            ],\n            [\n              -156,\n              56\n            ],\n            [\n              -156,\n              57\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.5,\n              57\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8bb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":173096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29593,"text":"wri8098 - 1980 - Effects of storm runoff on water quality in the Mill Creek drainage basin, Willingboro, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-04T18:19:02.213224","indexId":"wri8098","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-98","title":"Effects of storm runoff on water quality in the Mill Creek drainage basin, Willingboro, New Jersey","docAbstract":"<p><span>The effect of storm runoff on the quality of water in the </span><span>the Mill Creek drainage basin in west-central New Jersey is </span><span>described in this report. The study area (23.7 square kilometers) </span><span>consists of agricultural and undeveloped land and the residential </span><span>community of Willingboro. From October 1975 to September 1976, </span><span>stream discharge and 86 water-quality constituents were measured </span><span>during five base flows and five storms at nine sites within the </span><span>basin. Only 38 of the measured consitituents were detected in </span><span>significant amounts. </span></p><p><span>Insignificant amounts of pesticides, except 2,4-D and silvex, and the metals cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, mercury, selenium, and carbonate were measured even during heavy runoff. All other constituents showed an increase in concentration with increasing streamflow and the corresponding loads usually correlated with streamflow. </span></p><p><span>Runoff from the nonresidential part of the study area in the upstream part of the drainage basin had a more significant impact on the stream quality than did the runoff from the residential area. The nonresidential area contributed more nutrients, common inorganics, sediment, and organic carbon than the residential area. The residential area contributed more calcium, nitrite, lead, iron, BOD, 2,4-D, and silvex. </span></p><p><span>With the exception of suspended iron, fecal coliform bacteria, suspended lead, and suspended phosphorus, all recorded concentrations under all streamflow conditions met the recommended limits set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection for domestic water supplies or streams not discharging directly into a lake or reservoir. Very short-term exceptions were recorded during peak storm runoff. </span></p><p><span>Iron concentrations exceeded recommended limits of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Occasional releases of suspended iron from the water-treatment plant in the lower part of the drainage basin contributed to this high concentration. However, Mill Creek and its tributaries will still have naturally occurring high suspended iron concentrations even after the water-treatment plant eliminates its sludge-holding pond. </span></p><p><span>Fecal coliform bacteria affected the quality of water in the Mill Creek basin more than any other constituent measured. It exceeded recommended limits by as much as two orders of magnitude and was found in equal amounts throughout the streams in the basin. The source of the bacteria could not be identified. </span></p><p><span>Runoff from the Willingboro residential area produced mean suspended lead concentrations up to three times greater than the 50 micrograms per liter criteria set for domestic water supplies. Mean concentrations of suspended phosphorus throughout the basin were 2.5 times greater than the recommended limit of 0.1 milligrams per liter. Sediment concentrations and loads increased with increasing streamflow. However, the amounts are not considered unusual for a developed area. The only sediment deposition occurred at the downstream end of the study area, which is slightly affected by tide. A significant part of the deposited material was composed of sludge material from the water-treatment plant in the lower end of the study area. </span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri8098","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Schornick, J.C., and Fishel, D.K., 1980, Effects of storm runoff on water quality in the Mill Creek drainage basin, Willingboro, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-98, viii, 111 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8098.","productDescription":"viii, 111 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":380164,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0098/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0098/report-thumb.jpg","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","city":"Willingboro","otherGeospatial":"Mill Creek drainage basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.93328094482422,\n              39.991325405656625\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.8114013671875,\n              39.991325405656625\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.8114013671875,\n              40.060993816499746\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.93328094482422,\n              40.060993816499746\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.93328094482422,\n              39.991325405656625\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ec1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schornick, James C. Jr.","contributorId":89575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schornick","given":"James","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fishel, David K.","contributorId":34967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishel","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":61284,"text":"mf1209 - 1980 - Reconnaissance map and description of the Chetaslina volcanic debris flow (new name), southeastern Copper River basin and adjacent areas, south-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:30","indexId":"mf1209","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1209","title":"Reconnaissance map and description of the Chetaslina volcanic debris flow (new name), southeastern Copper River basin and adjacent areas, south-central Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf1209","usgsCitation":"Yehle, L., and Nichols, D., 1980, Reconnaissance map and description of the Chetaslina volcanic debris flow (new name), southeastern Copper River basin and adjacent areas, south-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1209, 1 map ;46 x 36 cm. on sheet 60 x 112 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1209.","productDescription":"1 map ;46 x 36 cm. on sheet 60 x 112 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":105575,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_6640.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"6640"},{"id":182883,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -145.5,61.5 ], [ -145.5,62.25 ], [ -144,62.25 ], [ -144,61.5 ], [ -145.5,61.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ce4b07f02db63e9f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yehle, L. A.","contributorId":44536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yehle","given":"L. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, D.R.","contributorId":42979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":59607,"text":"mf858B - 1980 - Geochemical and generalized geologic maps showing the distribution and abundance of copper of the Choteau 1 degree by 2 degrees Quadrangle, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:23","indexId":"mf858B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"858","chapter":"B","title":"Geochemical and generalized geologic maps showing the distribution and abundance of copper of the Choteau 1 degree by 2 degrees Quadrangle, Montana","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf858B","usgsCitation":"Grimes, D.J., and Leinz, R.W., 1980, Geochemical and generalized geologic maps showing the distribution and abundance of copper of the Choteau 1 degree by 2 degrees Quadrangle, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 858, 2 maps ;45 x 60 cm. on sheet 112 x 146 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf858B.","productDescription":"2 maps ;45 x 60 cm. on sheet 112 x 146 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":104321,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4039.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4039"},{"id":182322,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114,47 ], [ -114,48 ], [ -112,48 ], [ -112,47 ], [ -114,47 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae7cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grimes, D. J.","contributorId":73575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimes","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leinz, R. W.","contributorId":89885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leinz","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":59348,"text":"mf1053C - 1980 - Distribution and abundance of copper in minus-80-mesh stream-sediment and nonmagnetic heavy-mineral-concentrate samples, Chignik and Sutwik Island quadrangles, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:23","indexId":"mf1053C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1053","chapter":"C","title":"Distribution and abundance of copper in minus-80-mesh stream-sediment and nonmagnetic heavy-mineral-concentrate samples, Chignik and Sutwik Island quadrangles, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf1053C","usgsCitation":"Detra, D., and Cooley, E., 1980, Distribution and abundance of copper in minus-80-mesh stream-sediment and nonmagnetic heavy-mineral-concentrate samples, Chignik and Sutwik Island quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1053, 1 map ;45 x 112 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1053C.","productDescription":"1 map ;45 x 112 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":105433,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_6417.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"6417"},{"id":183804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -160.5,56 ], [ -160.5,57 ], [ -156,57 ], [ -156,56 ], [ -160.5,56 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a0f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Detra, D.E.","contributorId":72358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Detra","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooley, E.F.","contributorId":83072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooley","given":"E.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":14863,"text":"ofr80751 - 1980 - Ground-water availability and water quality in Farmington, Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-08T22:16:04.106865","indexId":"ofr80751","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-751","title":"Ground-water availability and water quality in Farmington, Connecticut","docAbstract":"The strataified-drift aquifer in Farmington, Conn., is capable of yielding large amounts of water to individual wells. About 14 square miles of Farmington is underlain by stratified-drift deposits which, in places, are more than 450 feet thick. The most productive deposits are found in the Farmington River valley, from Unionville to River Glen, and along Scott Swamp Brook. In these areas, saturated, coarse-grained, stratified-drift deosits exceed 80 feet in thickness and estimated yields to individual wells ranged from 250 to 1,000 gallons per minute. Results of mathematical model analysis of three of the most favorable ground-water areas indicate that long-term yields range from 1.2 to 2.5 million gallons per day. Water in the Framington and Pequabuck Rivers meets the Connecticut Drinking Water Standards, assuming complete conventional treatment, for coliform orgaisms, color, trubidity, chloride, copper, and nitrate. Coliform bacteria concentrations in the Pequabuck river (12-month geometric mean of about 6,800 colonies per 100 milliliters of water) indicate a potential problem. Water in the stratified-drift aquifer is of good quality with the exception of manganese; 10 of 11 wells sampled had maganese concentrations above 0.05 milligram per liter. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80751","usgsCitation":"Mazzaferro, D.L., 1980, Ground-water availability and water quality in Farmington, Connecticut: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-751, Report: xi, 57 p.; 7 Plates: 24.78 × 29.14 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80751.","productDescription":"Report: xi, 57 p.; 7 Plates: 24.78 × 29.14 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":43663,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0751/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43662,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0751/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43661,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0751/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":392656,"rank":10,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54239.htm"},{"id":147073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0751/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43665,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0751/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43664,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0751/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43668,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0751/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43667,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0751/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43666,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0751/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","city":"Farmington","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -72.9167,\n              41.6667\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.7369,\n              41.6667\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.7369,\n              41.7917\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.9167,\n              41.7917\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.9167,\n              41.6667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b09e4b07f02db69c05b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mazzaferro, David L.","contributorId":89539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazzaferro","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":8195,"text":"ofr80390 - 1980 - Copper-bearing quartzite near Watersmeet, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:09","indexId":"ofr80390","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-390","title":"Copper-bearing quartzite near Watersmeet, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80390","usgsCitation":"Cannon, W.F., 1980, Copper-bearing quartzite near Watersmeet, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-390, 7 p.  2 maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80390.","productDescription":"7 p.  2 maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0390/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35808,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0390/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db685969","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, William F. 0000-0002-2699-8118 wcannon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-8118","contributorId":1883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"William","email":"wcannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":157324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":7309,"text":"ofr802019 - 1980 - Metallogenic and tectonic significance of oxygen isotope data and whole-rock potassium-argon ages of the Nikolai Greenstone, McCarthy Quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T11:32:13","indexId":"ofr802019","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-2019","title":"Metallogenic and tectonic significance of oxygen isotope data and whole-rock potassium-argon ages of the Nikolai Greenstone, McCarthy Quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The Middle and (or) Late Triassic Nikolai Greenstone, part of the allochthonous terrane of Wrangellia, is typically altered and locally metamorphosed to prehnite-pumpellyite facies with chlorite and epidote as the most common secondary minerals. Intrinsic copper content averages 155 ppm, and two types of concentrations of copper in the Nikolai are common: (1) native copper fillings of amygdules and rubble zones typically near flow tops, and (2) veins and thin replacement zones that contain native copper and copper-iron sulfides in quartz-epidote or calcite gangue in faults and fractures. Oxygen isotope data from quartz and epidote from three copperbearing veins yield calculated ore fluid temperatures of approximately 200°C and 6180 of approximately +1 per mil in agreement with a metamorphicsegregation origin of these deposits, as suggested by Sinclair (1977). </p><p>Seven K-Ar ages of chloritized greenstone, including those adjacent to veins fall on an initial argon diagram with a zero intercept and a slope which yields an isochron age of 112 + 11 m.y. The ages define a Cretaceous thermalmetamorphic episode which is responsible for alteration and mineralization. The episode is younger than a major Jurassic progeny, accompanied by granitic intrusion, in the area, and appears to be unaffected by minor granitic intrusion in the middle to late Tertiary. We believe the Cretaceous event is related to accretion of Wrangellia to its present relative position in North America. This age of accretion agrees with stratigraphic and structural&nbsp;evidence cited by other workers.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr802019","usgsCitation":"Silberman, M., MacKevett, E., Connor, C.L., and Matthews, A., 1980, Metallogenic and tectonic significance of oxygen isotope data and whole-rock potassium-argon ages of the Nikolai Greenstone, McCarthy Quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-2019, ii, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr802019.","productDescription":"ii, 29 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":349265,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2019/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":140597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2019/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"McCarthy Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -144,\n              61\n            ],\n            [\n              -141,\n              61\n            ],\n            [\n              -141,\n              62\n            ],\n            [\n              -144,\n              62\n            ],\n            [\n              -144,\n              61\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4fe4b07f02db6286b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Silberman, M.L.","contributorId":10013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silberman","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"MacKevett, E.M. Jr.","contributorId":58613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKevett","given":"E.M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Connor, C. L.","contributorId":67508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connor","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Matthews, Alan","contributorId":72377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matthews","given":"Alan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}