{"pageNumber":"671","pageRowStart":"16750","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68919,"records":[{"id":70038895,"text":"sir20125003 - 2012 - Statistical relations of salt and selenium loads to geospatial characteristics of corresponding subbasins of the Colorado and Gunnison Rivers in Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-03T17:03:09","indexId":"sir20125003","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5003","title":"Statistical relations of salt and selenium loads to geospatial characteristics of corresponding subbasins of the Colorado and Gunnison Rivers in Colorado","docAbstract":"Elevated loads of salt and selenium can impair the quality of water for both anthropogenic and natural uses. Understanding the environmental processes controlling how salt and selenium are introduced to streams is critical to managing and mitigating the effects of elevated loads. Dominant relations between salt and selenium loads and environmental characteristics can be established by using geospatial data. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation, investigated statistical relations between seasonal salt or selenium loads emanating from the Upper Colorado River Basin and geospatial data. Salt and selenium loads measured during the irrigation and nonirrigation seasons were related to geospatial variables for 168 subbasins within the Gunnison and Colorado River Basins. These geospatial variables represented subbasin characteristics of the physical environment, precipitation, geology, land use, and the irrigation network. All subbasin variables with units of area had statistically significant relations with load. The few variables that were not in units of area but were statistically significant helped to identify types of geospatial data that might influence salt and selenium loading. Following a stepwise approach, combinations of these statistically significant variables were used to develop multiple linear regression models. The models can be used to help prioritize areas where salt and selenium control projects might be most effective.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125003","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Leib, K.J., Linard, J.I., and Williams, C.A., 2012, Statistical relations of salt and selenium loads to geospatial characteristics of corresponding subbasins of the Colorado and Gunnison Rivers in Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5003, v, 31 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125003.","productDescription":"v, 31 p.; Appendices","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5003.gif"},{"id":258123,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5003/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":258124,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5003/SIR12-5003.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River;Gunnison River","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9740e4b08c986b31b98f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leib, Kenneth J. 0000-0002-0373-0768 kjleib@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0373-0768","contributorId":701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leib","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjleib@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":465196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Linard, Joshua I. jilinard@usgs.gov","contributorId":1465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linard","given":"Joshua","email":"jilinard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, Cory A. 0000-0003-1461-7848 cawillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1461-7848","contributorId":689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Cory","email":"cawillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70043500,"text":"70043500 - 2012 - Flood pulsing in the Sudd wetland: analysis of seasonal variations in 2 inundation and evapotranspiration in Southern Sudan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-23T12:23:56","indexId":"70043500","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1421,"text":"Earth Interactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flood pulsing in the Sudd wetland: analysis of seasonal variations in 2 inundation and evapotranspiration in Southern Sudan","docAbstract":"Located on the Bahr el Jebel in South Sudan, the Sudd is one of the largest floodplain wetlands in the world. Seasonal inundation drives the hydrologic, geomorphological, and ecological processes, and the annual flood pulse is essential to the functioning of the Sudd. Despite the importance of the flood pulse, various hydrological interventions are planned upstream of the Sudd to increase economic benefits and food security. These will not be without consequences, in particular for wetlands where the biological productivity, biodiversity, and human livelihoods are dependent on the flood pulse and both the costs and benefits need to be carefully evaluated. Many African countries still lack regional baseline information on the temporal extent, distribution, and characteristics of wetlands, making it hard to assess the consequences of development interventions. Because of political instability in Sudan and the inaccessible nature of the Sudd, recent measurements of flooding and seasonal dynamics are inadequate. Analyses of multitemporal and multisensor remote sensing datasets are presented in this paper, in order to investigate and characterize flood pulsing within the Sudd wetland over a 12-month period. Wetland area has been mapped along with dominant components of open water and flooded vegetation at five time periods over a single year. The total area of flooding (both rain and river fed) over the 12 months was 41 334 km2, with 9176 km2 of this constituting the permanent wetland. Mean annual total evaporation is shown to be higher and with narrower distribution of values from areas of open water (1718 mm) than from flooded vegetation (1641 mm). Although the exact figures require validation against ground-based measurements, the results highlight the relative differences in inundation patterns and evaporation across the Sudd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth Interactions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/2011EI382.1","usgsCitation":"Senay, G.B., Rebelo, L., and McCartney, M., 2012, Flood pulsing in the Sudd wetland: analysis of seasonal variations in 2 inundation and evapotranspiration in Southern Sudan: Earth Interactions, v. 16, no. 1, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1175/2011EI382.1.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","ipdsId":"IP-025134","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474432,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/2011ei382.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":268020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268019,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011EI382.1"}],"country":"Sudan","volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5129f321e4b04edf7e93f8aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rebelo, L-M.","contributorId":12345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rebelo","given":"L-M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCartney, M.P.","contributorId":15494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCartney","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042692,"text":"70042692 - 2012 - Isotope geochemistry and fluxes of carbon and organic matter in tropical small mountainous river systems and adjacent coastal waters of the Caribbean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-23T07:57:23","indexId":"70042692","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isotope geochemistry and fluxes of carbon and organic matter in tropical small mountainous river systems and adjacent coastal waters of the Caribbean","docAbstract":"Recent studies have shown that small mountainous rivers (SMRs) may act as sources of aged and/or refractory carbon (C) to the coastal ocean, which may increase organic C burial at sea and subsidize coastal food webs and heterotrophy. However, the characteristics and spatial and temporal variability of C and organic matter (OM) exported from tropical SMR systems remain poorly constrained. To address this, the abundance and isotopic character (δ13C and Δ14C) of the three major C pools were measured in two Puerto Rico SMRs with catchments dominated by different land uses (agricultural vs. non-agricultural recovering forest). The abundance and character of C pools in associated estuaries and adjacent coastal waters were also examined. Riverine dissolved and particulate organic C (DOC and POC, respectively) concentrations were highly variable with respect to land use and sampling month, while dissolved inorganic C (DIC) was significantly higher at all times in the agricultural catchment. In both systems, riverine DOC and POC ranged from modern to highly aged (2,340 years before present), while DIC was always modern. The agricultural river and irrigation canals contained very old DOC (1,184 and 2,340 years before present, respectively), which is consistent with findings in temperate SMRs and indicates that these tropical SMRs provide a source of aged DOC to the ocean. During months of high river discharge, OM in estuarine and coastal waters had C isotope signatures reflective of direct terrestrial input, indicating that relatively unaltered OM is transported to the coastal ocean at these times. This is also consistent with findings in temperate SMRs and indicates that C transported to the coastal ocean by SMRs may differ from that of larger rivers because it is exported from smaller catchments that have steeper terrains and fewer land-use types.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10533-012-9751-y","usgsCitation":"Moyer, R., Bauer, J., and Grottoli, A., 2012, Isotope geochemistry and fluxes of carbon and organic matter in tropical small mountainous river systems and adjacent coastal waters of the Caribbean: Biogeochemistry, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-012-9751-y.","ipdsId":"IP-021879","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267980,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-012-9751-y"},{"id":267981,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5129f330e4b04edf7e93f8f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moyer, Ryan","contributorId":48460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyer","given":"Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bauer, James","contributorId":75407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grottoli, Andrea","contributorId":57340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grottoli","given":"Andrea","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041824,"text":"70041824 - 2012 - Water, climate, and vegetation: ecohydrology in a changing world","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-09T19:20:43","indexId":"70041824","displayToPublicDate":"2012-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1928,"text":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water, climate, and vegetation: ecohydrology in a changing world","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Dong, Q., Wang, L., Liu, J., Sun, G., and Wei, X., 2012, Water, climate, and vegetation: ecohydrology in a changing world: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences.","ipdsId":"IP-042344","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270735,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270734,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci-discuss.net/special_issue74.html"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51653873e4b077fa94dae02a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dong, Quan 0000-0003-0571-5884 qdong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0571-5884","contributorId":4506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dong","given":"Quan","email":"qdong@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Lixin","contributorId":92943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Lixin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liu, Junguo","contributorId":60513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Junguo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sun, Ge","contributorId":72275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sun","given":"Ge","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wei, Xiaohua","contributorId":106775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"Xiaohua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70171530,"text":"70171530 - 2012 - Annual estimates of water and solute export from 42 tributaries to the Yukon River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-02T13:53:41","indexId":"70171530","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-30T14:45:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Annual estimates of water and solute export from 42 tributaries to the Yukon River","docAbstract":"<p><span>Annual export of 11 major and trace solutes for the Yukon River is found to be accurately determined based on summing 42 tributary contributions. These findings provide the first published estimates of tributary specific distribution of solutes within the Yukon River basin. First, we show that annual discharge of the Yukon River can be computed by summing calculated annual discharges from 42 tributaries. Annual discharge for the tributaries is calculated from the basin area and average annual precipitation over that area using a previously published regional regression equation. Based on tributary inputs, we estimate an average annual discharge for the Yukon River of 210&thinsp;km</span><sup>3</sup><span>&thinsp;year</span><sup>&ndash;1</sup><span>. This value is within 1% of the average measured annual discharge at the U.S. Geological Survey gaging station near the river terminus at Pilot Station, AK, for water years 2001 through 2005. Next, annual loads for 11 solutes are determined by combining annual discharge with point measurements of solute concentrations in tributary river water. Based on the sum of solutes in tributary water, we find that the Yukon River discharges approximately 33 million metric tons of dissolved solids each year at Pilot Station. Discharged solutes are dominated by cations calcium and magnesium (5.65&thinsp;&times;&thinsp;10</span><sup>9</sup><span>&nbsp;and 1.42&thinsp;&times;&thinsp;10</span><sup>9</sup><span>&thinsp;g&thinsp;year</span><sup>&ndash;1</sup><span>) and anions bicarbonate and sulphate (17.3&thinsp;&times;&thinsp;10</span><sup>9</sup><span>&nbsp;and 5.40&thinsp;&times;&thinsp;10</span><sup>9</sup><span>&thinsp;g&thinsp;year</span><sup>&ndash;1</sup><span>). These loads compare well with loads calculated independently at the three continuous gaging stations along the Yukon River. These findings show how annual solute yields vary throughout a major subarctic river basin and that accurate estimates of total river export can be determined from calculated tributary contributions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley InterScience","publisherLocation":"Chichester, Sussex, England","doi":"10.1002/hyp.8255","usgsCitation":"Zanden, F., Suzanne P. Anderson, and Striegl, R.G., 2012, Annual estimates of water and solute export from 42 tributaries to the Yukon River: Hydrological Processes, v. 26, no. 13, p. 1949-1961, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8255.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1949","endPage":"1961","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-021580","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":322106,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"13","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575158ade4b053f0edd03c1c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zanden, Frederick","contributorId":169957,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zanden","given":"Frederick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25642,"text":"Institute of arctic and Alpine Research, Univ. of Co, Boulder, C","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Suzanne P. Anderson","contributorId":169958,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suzanne P. Anderson","affiliations":[{"id":25643,"text":"Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, Unv. of Co, Boulder, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":631609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70202716,"text":"70202716 - 2012 - Since “Groundwater and surface water–A single resource”: some U.S. Geological Survey advances in modeling groundwater/surface-water interactions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-21T08:43:49","indexId":"70202716","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-30T08:41:25","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5821,"text":"Acque Sotterranee: Italian Journal of Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Since “Groundwater and surface water–A single resource”: some U.S. Geological Survey advances in modeling groundwater/surface-water interactions","docAbstract":"<div id=\"summary\" class=\"article-summary\"><div class=\"article-abstract\">Field and interpretive studies conducted by T.C. Winter and U.S. Geological Survey colleagues, and summarized in the 1998 publication “Groundwater and Surface Water – A Single Resource”, inspired a new generation of research centered on extensions of the groundwater-flow code MODFLOW to more sophisticated simulation of coupled groundwater and surface-water systems. Guided by emerging concerns with water availability, safe yields from wells, health of aquatic habitat, and climate change, the changes to MODFLOW involve: 1) the ability to more precisely and accurately represent the interface between surface and subsurface flows and 2) the consideration of a variety of mechanisms that influence their interaction. A review of the most important changes to the code is supplemented in this article by selected case studies in an effort to show the scope of the advances. The updates discussed include the Streamflow Routing (SFR), Lake (LAK), and Unsaturated-Zone Flow (UZF) Packages in MODFLOW-2005 and the Groundwater Management (GWM), Local Grid Refinement (LGR), and Newton (NWT) formulation versions of MODFLOW-2005. New developments feature the integration of rainfall-runoff modeling with MODFLOW in GSFLOW, coupling of GFLOW and MODFLOW in a hybrid code, and the forthcoming unstructured grid version of MODFLOW. They promise continued advances in the ability to use science to protect the single water resource.</div></div>","language":"English, Italian","publisher":"PagePress","doi":"10.7343/as-001-12-0001","usgsCitation":"Feinstein, D.T., 2012, Since “Groundwater and surface water–A single resource”: some U.S. Geological Survey advances in modeling groundwater/surface-water interactions: Acque Sotterranee: Italian Journal of Groundwater, v. 1, no. 1, p. 9-24, https://doi.org/10.7343/as-001-12-0001.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"24","ipdsId":"IP-040458","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474433,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7343/as-001-12-0001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":362235,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feinstein, Daniel T. 0000-0003-1151-2530 dtfeinst@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1151-2530","contributorId":1907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feinstein","given":"Daniel","email":"dtfeinst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":759628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70043805,"text":"70043805 - 2012 - Radar analysis of fall bird migration stopover sites in the Northeastern U.S.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-25T15:46:40.474276","indexId":"70043805","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-30T08:05:55","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Radar analysis of fall bird migration stopover sites in the Northeastern U.S.","docAbstract":"The national network of weather surveillance radars (WSR-88D/NEXRAD) detects birds in flight, and has proven to be a useful remote-sensing tool for ornithological study. We used data collected during Fall 2008 and 2009 by 16 WSR-88D and 3 terminal Doppler weather radars in the northeastern U.S. (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 5) to study the spatial distribution of landbirds shortly after they leave daytime stopover sites to embark on nocturnal migratory flights. The aerial density of birds, as estimated by radar reflectivity, was georeferenced to the approximate locations on the ground from which birds emerged. We classified bird stopover use by the magnitude and variation of radar reflectivity across nights; areas were considered ‘important’ stopover sites from a conservation perspective if relative bird density was consistently or occasionally high. These results were used to develop models to predict potentially important stopover sites in portions of the region not sampled by the radars, based on land cover, ground elevation, and geographic location. Locally important stopover sites generally were associated with deciduous forests embedded within landscapes dominated by developed or agricultural lands, or near the shores of major water bodies. Large areas of regionally important stopover sites were located along the coastlines of Long Island Sound, throughout the Delmarva Peninsula, in areas surrounding Baltimore and Washington, along the western edge of the Adirondack Mountains, and within the Appalachian Mountains of southwestern Virginia and West Virginia. Important stopover sites, both within and outside radar-sampled areas and on 34 national wildlife refuges sampled by the radars, were mapped in a Geographic Information System, providing base maps for conservation uses and a sampling frame for field surveys to ‘ground truth’ the radar and analytical results. Our analysis indicates that preserving patches of natural habitat, particularly deciduous forests, in developed or agricultural landscapes and along major coastlines should be a priority for conservation plans addressing the stopover requirements of migratory landbirds.","publisher":"University of Delaware","publisherLocation":"Newark, Deleware","usgsCitation":"Butler, J.J., and Dawson, D.K., 2012, Radar analysis of fall bird migration stopover sites in the Northeastern U.S., 96 p.","productDescription":"96 p.","numberOfPages":"96","ipdsId":"IP-038462","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":397607,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":397521,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://acjv.org/radar_study/Buler_Dawson_2012.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-71.860513,41.320248],[-72.983751,41.235364],[-73.643478,41.002171],[-73.785964,40.800862],[-72.245348,41.161217],[-72.273657,41.051533],[-72.116368,40.999796],[-71.869558,41.075046],[-72.39585,40.86666],[-73.23914,40.6251],[-74.206731,40.594569],[-74.209788,40.447407],[-73.995683,40.468707],[-73.971381,40.371709],[-74.090945,39.799978],[-74.850748,38.954538],[-74.933571,38.928519],[-74.905181,39.174945],[-75.165979,39.201842],[-75.542894,39.470447],[-75.511743,39.674313],[-75.587147,39.651012],[-75.401193,39.088762],[-75.06551,38.66103],[-75.057288,38.404738],[-75.87767,37.135604],[-76.023664,37.268971],[-75.712065,37.936082],[-75.846621,37.925785],[-75.938577,38.272329],[-76.188644,38.267434],[-76.320843,38.459862],[-76.190902,38.621092],[-76.308922,38.813346],[-76.205063,38.892726],[-76.333703,38.984607],[-76.168332,38.996546],[-76.27566,39.160304],[-75.986298,39.510398],[-76.497977,39.204697],[-76.438845,39.0529],[-76.559697,38.767443],[-76.329433,38.073986],[-77.040638,38.444618],[-77.256412,38.396755],[-77.175969,38.604113],[-77.26443,38.582845],[-77.286202,38.347025],[-77.024866,38.386791],[-76.910832,38.197073],[-76.265998,37.91138],[-76.339892,37.655966],[-76.722156,37.83668],[-76.252415,37.447274],[-76.475927,37.250543],[-76.300352,37.00885],[-76.780532,37.209336],[-76.482407,36.917364],[-76.058154,36.916947],[-75.867044,36.550754],[-83.645586,36.600002],[-82.895445,36.882145],[-82.722097,37.120168],[-81.968297,37.537798],[-82.39968,37.829935],[-82.638398,38.152157],[-82.595382,38.382712],[-82.181967,38.599384],[-82.068864,38.984878],[-81.759995,38.925828],[-81.814155,39.073478],[-81.692203,39.236091],[-80.865575,39.662751],[-80.602895,40.327869],[-80.652436,40.562544],[-80.52566,40.636068],[-80.519345,41.929168],[-78.868556,42.770258],[-79.061388,43.251349],[-78.370221,43.376505],[-76.952174,43.270692],[-76.235834,43.529256],[-76.133697,43.940356],[-76.360306,44.070907],[-76.312647,44.199044],[-74.946686,44.984665],[-71.502487,45.013367],[-71.443882,45.235462],[-70.898482,45.244088],[-70.684614,45.395071],[-70.688214,45.563981],[-70.259117,45.890755],[-70.290896,46.185838],[-70.057061,46.415036],[-69.997086,46.69523],[-69.22442,47.459686],[-69.066715,47.43024],[-69.0402,47.2451],[-68.893204,47.182974],[-68.292679,47.359476],[-67.991871,47.212042],[-67.790515,47.067921],[-67.803148,45.696127],[-67.476704,45.604157],[-67.489464,45.282653],[-67.390579,45.154114],[-67.145652,45.146667],[-66.986318,44.820657],[-68.049334,44.33073],[-68.22939,44.463496],[-68.191924,44.306675],[-68.339498,44.222893],[-68.3791,44.430049],[-68.529905,44.39907],[-68.528153,44.241263],[-68.982449,44.426195],[-69.031878,44.079036],[-69.259838,43.921427],[-69.851297,43.703581],[-70.026193,43.822587],[-70.176023,43.76079],[-70.810999,42.892375],[-70.772267,42.711064],[-70.595474,42.660336],[-70.996097,42.271222],[-70.754488,42.228673],[-70.471552,41.761563],[-70.008462,41.800786],[-70.169781,42.059736],[-70.082624,42.054657],[-69.935952,41.809422],[-69.976478,41.603664],[-70.329924,41.634578],[-70.902763,41.421061],[-70.658659,41.543385],[-70.708193,41.730959],[-71.19302,41.457931],[-71.21616,41.62549],[-71.304394,41.454502],[-71.19564,41.67509],[-71.342786,41.728506],[-71.455371,41.407962],[-71.860513,41.320248]],[[-77.038598,38.791513],[-77.002498,38.96541],[-77.0915,38.95651],[-77.038598,38.791513]]],[[[-70.59628,41.471905],[-70.450431,41.420703],[-70.496162,41.346452],[-70.802083,41.314207],[-70.59628,41.471905]]],[[[-70.092142,41.297741],[-69.960277,41.278731],[-70.256164,41.288123],[-70.092142,41.297741]]],[[[-74.144428,40.53516],[-74.219787,40.502603],[-74.120186,40.642201],[-74.144428,40.53516]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Connecticut\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butler, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":289193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butler","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":838726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dawson, Deanna K. ddawson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Deanna","email":"ddawson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70038894,"text":"sir20125088 - 2012 - Flow-adjusted trends in dissolved selenium load and concentration in the Gunnison and Colorado Rivers near Grand Junction, Colorado, water years 1986--2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-03T17:03:09","indexId":"sir20125088","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5088","title":"Flow-adjusted trends in dissolved selenium load and concentration in the Gunnison and Colorado Rivers near Grand Junction, Colorado, water years 1986--2008","docAbstract":"As a result of elevated selenium concentrations, many western Colorado rivers and streams are on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2010 Colorado 303(d) list, including the main stem of the Colorado River from the Gunnison River confluence to the Utah border. Selenium is a trace metal that bioaccumulates in aquatic food chains and can cause reproductive failure, deformities, and other adverse impacts in birds and fish, including several threatened and endangered fish species. Salinity in the upper Colorado River has been the focus of source-control efforts for many years. Although salinity loads and concentrations have been previously characterized at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamflow-gaging stations at the Gunnison River near Grand Junction, Colo., and at the Colorado River near the Colorado-Utah State line, trends in selenium load and concentration at these two stations have not been studied. The USGS, in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation and the Colorado River Water Conservation District, evaluated dissolved selenium (herein referred to as \"selenium\") load and concentration trends at these two sites to inform decision makers on the status and trends of selenium. This report presents results of the evaluation of trends in selenium load and concentration for two USGS streamflow-gaging stations: the Gunnison River near Grand Junction, Colo. (\"Gunnison River site\"), USGS site 09152500, and the Colorado River near Colorado-Utah State line (\"Colorado River site\"), USGS site 09163500. Flow-adjusted selenium loads were estimated for the beginning water year (WY) of the study, 1986, and the ending WY of the study, 2008. The difference between flow-adjusted selenium loads for WY 1986 and WY 2008 was selected as the method of analysis because flow adjustment removes the natural variations in load caused by changes in mean-daily streamflow, emphasizing human-caused changes in selenium load and concentration. Overall changes in human-caused effects in selenium loads and concentrations during the period of study are of primary interest to the cooperators. Selenium loads for each of the 2 water years were calculated by using normalized mean-daily streamflow, measured selenium concentration, standard linear regression techniques, and data previously collected at the two study sites. Mean-daily streamflow was normalized for each site by averaging the daily streamflow for each day of the year over the 23-year period of record. Thus, for the beginning and ending water years, estimations could be made of loads that would have occurred without the effect of year-to-year streamflow variation. The loads thus calculated are illustrative of the change in loads between water years 1986 and 2008, and are not the actual loads that occurred in those 2 water years. The estimated 50th and 85th percentile selenium concentrations associated with the selenium loads were also calculated for WY 1986 and WY 2008 at each site. Time-trends in selenium concentration at the two sites were charted by using regression techniques for partial residuals for the entire study period (WY 1986 through WY 2008). Annual selenium load for the Gunnison River site was estimated to be 23,196 pounds for WY 1986 and 16,560 pounds for WY 2008, a 28.6 percent decrease. Lower and upper 95-percent confidence levels for WY 1986 annual load were 22,360 and 24,032 pounds. Lower and upper 95-percent confidence levels for WY 2008 annual load were 15,724 and 17,396 pounds. Estimated 50th percentile daily selenium concentrations decreased from 6.41 to 4.57 micrograms/liter from WY 1986 to WY 2008, whereas estimated 85th percentile daily selenium concentrations decreased from 7.21 to 5.13 micrograms/liter from WY 1986 to WY 2008. Annual selenium load for the Colorado River site was estimated to be 56,587 pounds for WY 1986 and 34,344 pounds for WY 2008, a 39.3 percent decrease. Lower and upper 95-percent confidence levels for WY 1986 annual load were 53,785 and 59,390 pounds. Lower and upper 95-percent confidence levels for WY 2008 annual load were 31,542 and 37,147 pounds. Estimated 50th percentile daily selenium concentrations decreased from 6.44 to 3.86 micrograms/liter from WY 1986 to WY 2008, whereas estimated 85th percentile daily selenium concentrations decreased from 7.94 to 4.72 micrograms/liter from WY 1986 to WY 2008.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125088","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation and the Colorado River Water Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Mayo, J.W., and Leib, K.J., 2012, Flow-adjusted trends in dissolved selenium load and concentration in the Gunnison and Colorado Rivers near Grand Junction, Colorado, water years 1986--2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5088, v, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125088.","productDescription":"v, 33 p.","numberOfPages":"43","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1985-10-01","temporalEnd":"2008-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258122,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5088.gif"},{"id":258120,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5088/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":258121,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5088/SIR12-5088.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Grand Junction","otherGeospatial":"Gunnison River;Colorado River","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a125ae4b0c8380cd54290","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mayo, John W. jwmayo@usgs.gov","contributorId":993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayo","given":"John","email":"jwmayo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leib, Kenneth J. 0000-0002-0373-0768 kjleib@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0373-0768","contributorId":701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leib","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjleib@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":465193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70117664,"text":"70117664 - 2012 - The offshore export of sand during exceptional discharge from California rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-23T12:52:28","indexId":"70117664","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-29T12:49:37","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The offshore export of sand during exceptional discharge from California rivers","docAbstract":"<p>Littoral cells along active tectonic margins receive large inputs of sand and gravel from coastal watersheds and commonly lose this sediment to submarine canyons. One hypothesis is that the majority of coarse (sand and gravel) river sediment discharge will be emplaced within and immediately “resupply” local littoral cells. A competing hypothesis is that the infrequent, large floods that supply the majority of littoral sediment may discharge water-sediment mixtures within negatively buoyant hyperpycnal plumes that transport sediment offshore of the littoral cell. Here we summarize pre- and post-flood surveys of two wave-dominated California (United States) river deltas during record to near-record floods to help evaluate these hypotheses: the 1982–1983 delta at the San Lorenzo River mouth and the 2005 delta at the Santa Clara River mouth. Flood sedimentation at both deltas resulted in several meters of aggradation and hundreds of meters of offshore displacement of isobaths. One substantial difference between these deltas was the thick (>2 m) aggradation of sand on the inner shelf of the Santa Clara River delta that contained substantial amounts (∼50%) of littoral-grade sediment. Once deposited on the inner shelf, only a fraction (∼20%) of this river sand was observed to migrate toward the beach over the following 5 yr. Furthermore, simple hypopycnal plume behavior could not explain deposition of this sand on the inner shelf. Thus, during an exceptional flood a substantial amount of littoral-grade sand was exported offshore of the littoral system at the Santa Clara River mouth—likely from hyperpycnal plume processes—and was deposited on the inner shelf.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of American","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/G33115.1","usgsCitation":"Warrick, J., and Barnard, P., 2012, The offshore export of sand during exceptional discharge from California rivers: Geology, v. 40, no. 9, p. 787-790, https://doi.org/10.1130/G33115.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"787","endPage":"790","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290802,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290801,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G33115.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.41,32.53 ], [ -124.41,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.41,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"40","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f4d1e4b0bc0bec0a11fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warrick, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-0205-3814","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-3814","contributorId":48255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L.","contributorId":54936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70004061,"text":"70004061 - 2012 - Transverse mixing of simulated piscicides in small montane streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-03T17:03:08","indexId":"70004061","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transverse mixing of simulated piscicides in small montane streams","docAbstract":"Thorough mixing of piscicides into receiving waters is important for efficient and effective fish eradication. However, no guidance exists for the placement of drip stations with respect to mixing. Salt (NaCl) was used as a tracer to measure the mixing rates of center versus edge applications in riffle&ndash;pool, straight, and meandering sections of montane streams. The tracer was applied at either the center or the edge of a channel and measured with a conductivity meter across a downstream grid to determine the distances at which transverse mixing was complete. No advantage was accrued by applying piscicides in different types of channels because transverse mixing distance did not differ among them. However, mixing distance was significantly shorter at center applications. Chemicals entering a stream at the center of the channel mixed thoroughly within 10 stream widths, whereas chemicals entering a stream channel at the edge mixed thoroughly within 20 stream widths.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2012.664602","usgsCitation":"Brown, P., Ard, J.L., and Zale, A.V., 2012, Transverse mixing of simulated piscicides in small montane streams: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 141, no. 2, p. 353-356, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2012.664602.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"353","endPage":"356","costCenters":[{"id":398,"text":"Montana Cooperative Fishery Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258098,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2012.664602","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"141","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb764e4b08c986b32723e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Peter J.","contributorId":63661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Peter J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ard, Jenifer L.","contributorId":71043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ard","given":"Jenifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zale, Alexander V. 0000-0003-1703-885X zale@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1703-885X","contributorId":3010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zale","given":"Alexander","email":"zale@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70003565,"text":"70003565 - 2012 - Novel praziquantel treatment regime for controlling Asian tapeworm infections in pond-reared fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-05T11:41:02","indexId":"70003565","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2885,"text":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Novel praziquantel treatment regime for controlling Asian tapeworm infections in pond-reared fish","docAbstract":"<p>The Asian tapeworm Bothriocephalus achelognathii is an intestinal fish parasite that is nonnative to but widespread throughout the southwestern United States. Praziquantel is an anthelminthic drug commonly used to treat fish for Asian tapeworm; however, it does not kill tapeworm eggs, so the water in ponds used for fish rearing must be exchanged after treatment. Our objective was to determine whether a system containing both an intermediate copepod host and a definitive fish host for Asian tapeworm could be treated without exchanging the water by using a follow-up treatment for any tapeworms that developed from eggs released before or during the first treatment. Here, we have described a new praziquantel treatment regimen to control Asian tapeworm infections in freshwater-reared fish. To evaluate the efficacy of this regimen, we stocked 50 red shiners Cyprinella lutrensis and an intermediate copepod host, Cyclops vernalis, into each of six pond mesocosms containing artificial macrophytes, sand, and gravel to simulate natural pools and provide suitable substrate for the copepod's life history. The test fish population had been naturally infected with B. achelognathii and had an initial infection prevalence of 14% and an infection intensity of 2.14 &plusmn; 2.19 (mean &plusmn; SD) worms per fish. Three mesocosms were treated twice, each with 2.5 mg/L praziquantel; 19 d passed between treatments to allow for possible reinfection to occur. After a 2.5-month posttreatment period to allow any remaining tapeworms to reestablish themselves, we killed and dissected all of the remaining fish. No worms were found in treated fish; however, the control group had an infection prevalence of 18 &plusmn; 6% and an infection intensity of 3.45 &plusmn; 2.1 worms per fish. Based on these results, we concluded that the praziquantel treatment regime administered was efficacious and suggest testing it on a larger scale. We caution that praziquantel has not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use on fish but can be used legally in some situations.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/15222055.2012.656485","usgsCitation":"Iles, A.C., Archdeacon, T.P., and Bonar, S.A., 2012, Novel praziquantel treatment regime for controlling Asian tapeworm infections in pond-reared fish: North American Journal of Aquaculture, v. 74, no. 1, p. 113-117, https://doi.org/10.1080/15222055.2012.656485.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"117","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":127,"text":"Arizona Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258107,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258100,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15222055.2012.656485","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"74","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a68b6e4b0c8380cd73965","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iles, Alison C.","contributorId":7546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iles","given":"Alison","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Archdeacon, Thomas P.","contributorId":85820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archdeacon","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bonar, Scott A. 0000-0003-3532-4067 sbonar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4067","contributorId":3712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"sbonar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70003756,"text":"70003756 - 2012 - Perils of correlating CUSUM-transformed variables to infer ecological relationships (Breton et al. 2006; Glibert 2010)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-03T17:03:08","indexId":"70003756","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Perils of correlating CUSUM-transformed variables to infer ecological relationships (Breton et al. 2006; Glibert 2010)","docAbstract":"We comment on a nonstandard statistical treatment of time-series data first published by Breton et al. (2006) in Limnology and Oceanography and, more recently, used by Glibert (2010) in Reviews in Fisheries Science. In both papers, the authors make strong inferences about the underlying causes of population variability based on correlations between cumulative sum (CUSUM) transformations of organism abundances and environmental variables. Breton et al. (2006) reported correlations between CUSUM-transformed values of diatom biomass in Belgian coastal waters and the North Atlantic Oscillation, and between meteorological and hydrological variables. Each correlation of CUSUM-transformed variables was judged to be statistically significant. On the basis of these correlations, Breton et al. (2006) developed \"the first evidence of synergy between climate and human-induced river-based nitrate inputs with respect to their effects on the magnitude of spring Phaeocystis colony blooms and their dominance over diatoms.\"","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","publisherLocation":"Waco, TX","doi":"10.4319/lo.2012.57.2.0665","usgsCitation":"Cloern, J.E., Jassby, A.D., Carstensen, J., Bennett, W.A., Kimmerer, W., Mac Nally, R., Schoellhamer, D., and Winder, M., 2012, Perils of correlating CUSUM-transformed variables to infer ecological relationships (Breton et al. 2006; Glibert 2010): Limnology and Oceanography, v. 57, no. 2, p. 665-668, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2012.57.2.0665.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"665","endPage":"668","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474436,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2012.57.2.0665","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":258110,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":258101,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2012.57.2.0665","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"57","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7695e4b0c8380cd781cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cloern, James E. 0000-0002-5880-6862 jecloern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-6862","contributorId":1488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"James","email":"jecloern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jassby, Alan D.","contributorId":66403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jassby","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carstensen, Jacob","contributorId":79367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carstensen","given":"Jacob","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7177,"text":"Dept of Bioscience, Aahus Univ, Denmark","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":348724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bennett, William A.","contributorId":88988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kimmerer, Wim","contributorId":26584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimmerer","given":"Wim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mac Nally, Ralph","contributorId":107966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mac Nally","given":"Ralph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Winder, Monika","contributorId":68178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winder","given":"Monika","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70038886,"text":"sir20125086 - 2012 - Seasonal patterns in nutrients, carbon, and algal responses in wadeable streams within three geographically distinct areas of the United States, 2007-08","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-03T17:03:08","indexId":"sir20125086","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5086","title":"Seasonal patterns in nutrients, carbon, and algal responses in wadeable streams within three geographically distinct areas of the United States, 2007-08","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey determined seasonal variability in nutrients, carbon, and algal biomass in 22 wadeable streams over a 1-year period during 2007 or 2008 within three geographically distinct areas in the United States. The three areas are the Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMIS) in Minnesota, the Ozark Plateaus (ORZK) in southern Missouri and northern Arkansas, and the Upper Snake River Basin (USNK) in southern Idaho. Seasonal patterns in some constituent concentrations and algal responses were distinct. Nitrate concentrations were greatest during the winter in all study areas potentially because of a reduction in denitrification rates and algal uptake during the winter, along with reduced surface runoff. Decreases in nitrate concentrations during the spring and summer at most stream sites coincided with increased streamflow during the snowmelt runoff or spring storms indicating dilution. The continued decrease in nitrate concentrations during summer potentially is because of a reduction in nitrate inputs (from decreased surface runoff) or increases in biological uptake. In contrast to nitrate concentrations, ammonia concentrations varied among study areas. Ammonia concentration trends were similar at UMIS and USNK sampling sites with winter peak concentrations and rapid decreases in ammonia concentrations by spring or early summer. In contrast, ammonia concentrations at OZRK sampling sites were more variable with peak concentrations later in the year. Ammonia may accumulate in stream water in the winter under ice and snow cover at the UMIS and USNK sites because of limited algal metabolism and increased mineralization of decaying organic matter under reducing conditions within stream bottom sediments. Phosphorus concentration patterns and the type of phosphorus present changes with changing hydrologic conditions and seasons and varied among study areas. Orthophosphate concentrations tended to be greater in the summer at UMIS sites, whereas total phosphorus concentrations at most UMIS and USNK sites peaked in the spring during runoff and then decreased through the remainder of the sampling period. Total phosphorus and orthophosphate concentrations in OZRK streams peaked during summer indicating a runoff-based source of both nutrients. Orthophosphate concentrations may increase in streams in the late summer when surface runoff composes less of total streamflow, and when groundwater containing orthophosphate becomes a more dominant source in streams during lower flows. Seston chlorophyll a concentrations were greatest early in the growing season (spring), whereas the spring runoff events coincided with reductions in benthic algal chlorophyll a biomass likely because of scour of benthic algae from the channel bottom that are entrained in the water column during that period. Nitrate, ammonia, and orthophosphate concentrations also decreased during that same period, indicating dilution in the spring during runoff events. The data from this study indicate that the source of water (surface runoff or groundwater) to a stream and the intensity of major runoff events are important factors controlling instream concentrations. Biological processes appear to affect nutrient concentrations during more stable lower flow periods in later summer, fall, and winter when residence time of water in a channel is longer, which allows more time for biological uptake and transformations. Management of nutrient conditions in streams is challenging and requires an understanding of multiple factors that affect in-stream nutrient concentrations and biological uptake and growth.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125086","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Lee, K., Lorenz, D.L., Petersen, J., and Greene, J.B., 2012, Seasonal patterns in nutrients, carbon, and algal responses in wadeable streams within three geographically distinct areas of the United States, 2007-08: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5086, ix, 45 p.; Tables: 8 pgs. 48-55, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125086.","productDescription":"ix, 45 p.; Tables: 8 pgs. 48-55","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258116,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5086.gif"},{"id":258097,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5086/sir12-5086.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258095,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5086/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88cce4b08c986b316b92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Kathy 0000-0002-7683-1367 klee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7683-1367","contributorId":2538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Kathy","email":"klee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorenz, David L. 0000-0003-3392-4034 lorenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3392-4034","contributorId":1384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"David","email":"lorenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Petersen, James C. petersen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"James C.","email":"petersen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Greene, John B. jgreene@usgs.gov","contributorId":4646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greene","given":"John","email":"jgreene@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":465171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70038872,"text":"sir20125124 - 2012 - A conceptual model of the hydrogeologic framework, geochemistry, and groundwater-flow system of the Edwards-Trinity and related aquifers in the Pecos County region, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-08T08:57:40","indexId":"sir20125124","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5124","title":"A conceptual model of the hydrogeologic framework, geochemistry, and groundwater-flow system of the Edwards-Trinity and related aquifers in the Pecos County region, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>A conceptual model of the hydrogeologic framework, geochemistry, and groundwater-flow system of the Edwards-Trinity and related aquifers, which include the Pecos Valley, Igneous, Dockum, Rustler, and Capitan Reef aquifers, was developed as the second phase of a groundwater availability study in the Pecos County region in west Texas. The first phase of the study was to collect and compile groundwater, surface-water, water-quality, geophysical, and geologic data in the area. The third phase of the study involves a numerical groundwater-flow model of the Edwards-Trinity aquifer in order to simulate groundwater conditions based on various groundwater-withdrawal scenarios. Resource managers plan to use the results of the study to establish management strategies for the groundwater system. The hydrogeologic framework is composed of the hydrostratigraphy, structural features, and hydraulic properties of the groundwater system. Well and geophysical logs were interpreted to define the top and base surfaces of the Edwards-Trinity aquifer units. Elevations of the top and base of the Edwards-Trinity aquifer generally decrease from the southwestern part of the study area to the northeast. The thicknesses of the Edwards-Trinity aquifer units were calculated using the interpolated top and base surfaces of the hydrostratigraphic units. Some of the thinnest sections of the aquifer were in the eastern part of the study area and some of the thickest sections were in the Pecos, Monument Draw, and Belding-Coyanosa trough areas. Normal-fault zones, which formed as growth and collapse features as sediments were deposited along the margins of more resistant rocks and as overlying sediments collapsed into the voids created by the dissolution of Permian-age evaporite deposits, were delineated based on the interpretation of hydrostratigraphic cross sections. The lowest aquifer transmissivity values were measured in the eastern part of the study area; the highest transmissivity values were measured in a faulted area of the Monument Draw trough. Hydraulic conductivity values generally exhibited the same trends as the transmissivity values. Groundwater-quality data and groundwater-level data were used in context with the hydrogeologic framework to assess the chemical characteristics of water from different sources, regional groundwater-flow paths, recharge sources, the mixing of water from different sources, and discharge in the study area. Groundwater-level altitudes generally decrease from southwest to northeast and regional groundwater flow is from areas of recharge south and west to the north and northeast. Four principal sources of recharge to the Edwards-Trinity aquifer were identified: (1) regional flow that originated as recharge northwest of the study area, (2) runoff from the Barilla, Davis, and Glass Mountains, (3) return flow from irrigation, and (4) upwelling from deeper aquifers. Results indicated Edwards-Trinity aquifer water in the study area was dominated by mineralized, regional groundwater flow that most likely recharged during the cooler, wetter climates of the Pleistocene with variable contributions of recent, local recharge. Groundwater generally flows into the down-dip extent of the Edwards-Trinity aquifer where it discharges into overlying or underlying aquifer units, discharges from springs, discharges to the Pecos River, follows a regional flow path east out of the study area, or is withdrawn by groundwater wells. Structural features such as mountains, troughs, and faults play a substantial role in the distribution of recharge, local and regional groundwater flow, spring discharge, and aquifer interaction.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125124","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Middle Pecos Groundwater Conservation District, Pecos County, City of Fort Stockton, Brewster County, and Pecos County Water Control and Improvement District No. 1","usgsCitation":"Bumgarner, J.R., Stanton, G.P., Teeple, A., Thomas, J.V., Houston, N.A., Payne, J., and Musgrove, M., 2012, A conceptual model of the hydrogeologic framework, geochemistry, and groundwater-flow system of the Edwards-Trinity and related aquifers in the Pecos County region, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5124, vii, 74 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125124.","productDescription":"vii, 74 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258081,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5124.bmp"},{"id":258079,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5124/pdf/SIR12-5124.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258080,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5124/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"2000000","projection":"Albers Equal Area Projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Pecos County, Reeves County","city":"Balmorhea, Belding, Fort Stockton","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104,30.25 ], [ -104,31.5 ], [ -102,31.5 ], [ -102,30.25 ], [ -104,30.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e394e4b0c8380cd460ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bumgarner, Johnathan R. jbumgarner@usgs.gov","contributorId":5378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bumgarner","given":"Johnathan","email":"jbumgarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":465131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanton, Gregory P. 0000-0001-8622-0933 gstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8622-0933","contributorId":1583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Gregory","email":"gstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":465128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Teeple, Andrew   0000-0003-1781-8354 apteeple@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1781-8354","contributorId":1399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teeple","given":"Andrew  ","email":"apteeple@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thomas, Jonathan V. 0000-0003-0903-9713 jvthomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0903-9713","contributorId":2194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Jonathan","email":"jvthomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Houston, Natalie A. 0000-0002-6071-4545 nhouston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-4545","contributorId":1682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houston","given":"Natalie","email":"nhouston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Payne, Jason  0000-0003-4294-7924 jdpayne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4294-7924","contributorId":1062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Payne","given":"Jason ","email":"jdpayne@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Musgrove, MaryLynn","contributorId":34878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Musgrove","given":"MaryLynn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70038861,"text":"ofr20121132 - 2012 - Groundwater flow and water budget in the surficial and Floridan aquifer systems in east-central Florida","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70038861,"text":"ofr20121132 - 2012 - Groundwater flow and water budget in the surficial and Floridan aquifer systems in east-central Florida","indexId":"ofr20121132","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Groundwater flow and water budget in the surficial and Floridan aquifer systems in east-central Florida"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70039814,"text":"sir20125161 - 2012 - Groundwater flow and water budget in the surficial and Floridan aquifer systems in east-central Florida","indexId":"sir20125161","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Groundwater flow and water budget in the surficial and Floridan aquifer systems in east-central Florida"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70039814,"text":"sir20125161 - 2012 - Groundwater flow and water budget in the surficial and Floridan aquifer systems in east-central Florida","indexId":"sir20125161","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Groundwater flow and water budget in the surficial and Floridan aquifer systems in east-central Florida"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:33:45","indexId":"ofr20121132","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1132","title":"Groundwater flow and water budget in the surficial and Floridan aquifer systems in east-central Florida","docAbstract":"A numerical transient model of the surficial and Floridan aquifer systems in east-central Florida was developed to (1) increase the understanding of water exchanges between the surficial and the Floridan aquifer systems, (2) assess the recharge rates to the surficial aquifer system from infiltration through the unsaturated zone and (3) obtain a simulation tool that could be used by water-resource managers to assess the impact of changes in groundwater withdrawals on spring flows and on the potentiometric surfaces of the hydrogeologic units composing the Floridan aquifer system. The hydrogeology of east-central Florida was evaluated and used to develop and calibrate the groundwater flow model, which simulates the regional fresh groundwater flow system. The U.S. Geological Survey three-dimensional groundwater flow model, MODFLOW-2005, was used to simulate transient groundwater flow in the surficial, intermediate, and Floridan aquifer systems from 1995 to 2006. The east-central Florida transient model encompasses an actively simulated area of about 9,000 square miles. Although the model includes surficial processes-rainfall, irrigation, evapotranspiration, runoff, infiltration, lake water levels, and stream water levels and flows-its primary purpose is to characterize and refine the understanding of groundwater flow in the Floridan aquifer system. Model-independent estimates of the partitioning of rainfall into evapotranspiration, streamflow, and aquifer recharge are provided from a water-budget analysis of the surficial aquifer system. The interaction of the groundwater flow system with the surface environment was simulated using the Green-Ampt infiltration method and the MODFLOW-2005 Unsaturated-Zone Flow, Lake, and Streamflow-Routing Packages. The model is intended to simulate the part of the groundwater system that contains freshwater. The bottom and lateral boundaries of the model were established at the estimated depths where the chloride concentration is 5,000 milligrams per liter in the Floridan aquifer system. Potential flow across the interface represented by this chloride concentration is simulated by the General Head Boundary Package. During 1995 through 2006, there were no major groundwater withdrawals near the freshwater and saline-water interface, making the general head boundary a suitable feature to estimate flow through the interface. The east-central Florida transient model was calibrated using the inverse parameter estimation code, PEST. Steady-state models for 1999 and 2003 were developed to estimate hydraulic conductivity (K) using average annual heads and spring flows as observations. The spatial variation of K was represented using zones of constant values in some layers, and pilot points in other layers. Estimated K values were within one order of magnitude of aquifer performance test data. A simulation of the final two years (2005-2006) of the 12-year model, with the K estimates from the steady-state calibration, was used to guide the estimation of specific yield and specific storage values. The final model yielded head and spring-flow residuals that met the calibration criteria for the 12-year transient simulation. The overall mean residual for heads, defining residual as simulated minus measured value, was -0.04 foot. The overall root-mean square residual for heads was less than 3.6 feet for each year in the 1995 to 2006 simulation period. The overall mean residual for spring flows was -0.3 cubic foot per second. The spatial distribution of head residuals was generally random, with some minor indications of bias. Simulated average evapotranspiration (ET) over the 1995 to 2006 period was 34.5 inches per year, compared to the calculated average ET rate of 36.6 inches per year from the model-independent water-budget analysis. Simulated average net recharge to the surficial aquifer system was 3.6 inches per year, compared with the calculated average of 3.2 inches per year from the model-independent waterbudget analysis. Groundwater withdrawals from the Floridan aquifer system averaged about 800 million gallons per day, which is equivalent to about 2 inches per year over the model area and slightly more than half of the simulated average net recharge to the surficial aquifer system over the same period. Annual net simulated recharge rates to the surficial aquifer system were less than the total groundwater withdrawals from the Floridan aquifer system only during the below-average rainfall years of 2000 and 2006.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121132","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the St. Johns River Water Management District, South Florida Water Management District, and Southwest Florida Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Sepulveda, N., Tiedeman, C.R., O’Reilly, A.M., Davis, J., and Burger, P., 2012, Groundwater flow and water budget in the surficial and Floridan aquifer systems in east-central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1132, xiv, 226 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121132.","productDescription":"xiv, 226 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":285,"text":"Florida Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258061,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1132.jpg"},{"id":258054,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1132/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator Projector, Zone 17","country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Brevard;Hardee;Highlands;Indian River;Lake;Marion;Okeechobee;Orange;Osceola;Polk;Seminole;Volusia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82,27.5 ], [ -82,29.166666666666668 ], [ -80.5,29.166666666666668 ], [ -80.5,27.5 ], [ -82,27.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2da0e4b0c8380cd5bf64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sepulveda, Nicasio 0000-0002-6333-1865 nsepul@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6333-1865","contributorId":1454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"Nicasio","email":"nsepul@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tiedeman, Claire R. 0000-0002-0128-3685 tiedeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0128-3685","contributorId":196777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiedeman","given":"Claire","email":"tiedeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Reilly, Andrew M. 0000-0003-3220-1248 aoreilly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-1248","contributorId":2184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Reilly","given":"Andrew","email":"aoreilly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, Jeffery B.","contributorId":44032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Jeffery B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burger, Patrick","contributorId":90976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burger","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70038866,"text":"gip142 - 2012 - Chesapeake Bay Watershed - Protecting the Chesapeake Bay and its rivers through science, restoration, and partnership","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-06T23:09:44.976281","indexId":"gip142","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":315,"text":"General Information Product","code":"GIP","onlineIssn":"2332-354X","printIssn":"2332-3531","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"142","title":"Chesapeake Bay Watershed - Protecting the Chesapeake Bay and its rivers through science, restoration, and partnership","docAbstract":"The Chesapeake Bay, the Nation's largest estuary, has been degraded due to the impact of human-population increase, which has doubled since 1950, resulting in degraded water quality, loss of habitat, and declines in populations of biological communities. Since the mid-1980s, the Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP), a multi-agency partnership which includes the Department of Interior (DOI), has worked to restore the Bay ecosystem. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has the critical role of providing unbiased scientific information that is utilized to document and understand ecosystem change to help assess the effectiveness of restoration strategies in the Bay and its watershed. The USGS revised its Chesapeake Bay science plan for 2006-2011 to address the collective needs of the CBP, DOI, and USGS <b>with a mission to provide integrated science for improved understanding and management of the Bay ecosystem.</b> The USGS science themes for this mission are: Causes and consequences of land-use change; Impact of climate change and associated hazards; Factors affecting water quality and quantity; Ability of habitat to support fish and bird populations; and Synthesis and forecasting to improve ecosystem assessment, conservation, and restoration.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip142","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with The Chesapeake Bay Program","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2012, Chesapeake Bay Watershed - Protecting the Chesapeake Bay and its rivers through science, restoration, and partnership: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 142, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/gip142.","productDescription":"1 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/gip_142.gif"},{"id":258056,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/142/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.1904296875,\n              38.41916639395372\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.223388671875,\n              38.64261790634527\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.35522460937499,\n              38.79690830348427\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.498046875,\n              38.87392853923629\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5419921875,\n              39.0533181067413\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.662841796875,\n              39.30029918615029\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.750732421875,\n              39.70718665682654\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.6298828125,\n              40.052847601823984\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.69580078125,\n              40.07807142745009\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.95947265625,\n              40.052847601823984\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0693359375,\n              40.069664523297774\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.058349609375,\n              40.18726672309203\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.9375,\n              40.29628651711716\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.91552734375,\n              40.3549167507906\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.89355468749999,\n              40.47202439692057\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.09130859375,\n              40.56389453066509\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.190185546875,\n              40.64730356252251\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0693359375,\n              40.75557964275589\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.83862304687499,\n              40.871987756697415\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.76171875,\n              40.91351257612758\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.706787109375,\n              40.95501133048621\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.7177734375,\n              41.071069130806414\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.662841796875,\n              41.1455697310095\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5419921875,\n              41.13729606112276\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.322265625,\n              41.104190944576466\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.377197265625,\n              41.22824901518529\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.377197265625,\n              41.28606238749825\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.377197265625,\n              41.43449030894922\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.399169921875,\n              41.6154423246811\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.34423828125,\n              41.68111756290652\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.2783203125,\n              41.91045347666418\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.38818359375,\n              42.00848901572399\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.377197265625,\n              42.09007006868398\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.223388671875,\n              42.17968819665961\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.970703125,\n              42.26917949243506\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.8388671875,\n              42.32606244456202\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.520263671875,\n              42.415346114253616\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.278564453125,\n              42.54498667313236\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.322509765625,\n              42.64204079304426\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.410400390625,\n              42.80346172417078\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.68505859374999,\n              42.924251753870685\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.069580078125,\n              42.98053954751642\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.38818359375,\n              42.96446257387128\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.684814453125,\n              42.93229601903058\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.9375,\n              42.87596410238256\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.201171875,\n              42.827638636242284\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.26708984375,\n              42.72280375732727\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.2890625,\n              42.601619944327965\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.2890625,\n              42.52069952914966\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.343994140625,\n              42.415346114253616\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.46484375,\n              42.382894009614034\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.640625,\n              42.431565872579185\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.7724609375,\n              42.39912215986002\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.80541992187499,\n              42.24478535602799\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.88232421875,\n              42.285437007491545\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.9482421875,\n              42.415346114253616\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.04711914062499,\n              42.44778143462245\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.14599609375,\n              42.415346114253616\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.2998046875,\n              42.382894009614034\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.222900390625,\n              42.54498667313236\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.442626953125,\n              42.69858589169842\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.574462890625,\n              42.60970621339408\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.640380859375,\n              42.48830197960227\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.728271484375,\n              42.439674178149424\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.6513671875,\n              42.31793945446847\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.596435546875,\n              42.22851735620852\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.5634765625,\n              42.09007006868398\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.6953125,\n              41.92680320648791\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.9150390625,\n              41.83682786072714\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.0908203125,\n              41.795888098191426\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.453369140625,\n              41.599013054830216\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.453369140625,\n              41.50857729743935\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.42041015625,\n              41.376808565702355\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.3984375,\n              41.21172151054787\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.519287109375,\n              41.054501963290505\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.541259765625,\n              40.9218144123785\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.409423828125,\n              40.713955826286046\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.299560546875,\n              40.55554790286311\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.343505859375,\n              40.48873742102282\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.475341796875,\n              40.30466538259176\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.64013671875,\n              40.06125658140474\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.826904296875,\n              39.9434364619742\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.848876953125,\n              39.80853604144591\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.85986328125,\n              39.715638134796336\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.99169921875,\n              39.69873414348139\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.046630859375,\n              39.64799732373418\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.266357421875,\n              39.436192999314095\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.420166015625,\n              39.2832938689385\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.354248046875,\n              39.26628442213066\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.266357421875,\n              39.232253141714885\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.2333984375,\n              39.155622393423215\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.244384765625,\n              39.01918369029134\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.27734374999999,\n              38.89103282648846\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.398193359375,\n              38.74551518488265\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.661865234375,\n              38.54816542304656\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.683837890625,\n              38.47079371120379\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.727783203125,\n              38.34165619279595\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.815673828125,\n              38.20365531807149\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.04638671875,\n              38.013476231041935\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.17822265625,\n              37.779398571318765\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.2880859375,\n              37.59682400108367\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.4638671875,\n              37.47485808497102\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.694580078125,\n              37.38761749978395\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.771484375,\n              37.23032838760387\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.57373046875,\n              37.26530995561875\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.44189453125,\n              37.309014074275915\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.255126953125,\n              37.31775185163688\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.013427734375,\n              37.3002752813443\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.8486328125,\n              37.23907530202184\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.771728515625,\n              37.18657859524883\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.6728515625,\n              37.07271048132943\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.541015625,\n              37.09900294387622\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.354248046875,\n              37.142803443716836\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.1455078125,\n              37.10776507118514\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.112548828125,\n              37.055177106660814\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.936767578125,\n              36.932330061503144\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.837890625,\n              36.94111143010769\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.662109375,\n              37.055177106660814\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.486328125,\n              37.03763967977139\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.42041015625,\n              36.94111143010769\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.20068359374999,\n              36.96744946416934\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.904052734375,\n              37.03763967977139\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.750244140625,\n              37.081475648860525\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.53051757812499,\n              37.081475648860525\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.354736328125,\n              37.07271048132943\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.069091796875,\n              37.081475648860525\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.959228515625,\n              37.01132594307015\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.893310546875,\n              36.932330061503144\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.871337890625,\n              36.83566824724438\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.849365234375,\n              36.677230602346214\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.7724609375,\n              36.527294814546245\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.629638671875,\n              36.55377524336089\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.46484375,\n              36.589068371399115\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.35498046875,\n              36.48314061639213\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.256103515625,\n              36.57142382346277\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.190185546875,\n              36.66841891894786\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0693359375,\n              36.65079252503471\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.9375,\n              36.66841891894786\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.948486328125,\n              36.76529191711624\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.904541015625,\n              37.01132594307015\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.926513671875,\n              37.17782559332976\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.882568359375,\n              37.42252593456307\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.618896484375,\n              37.640334898059486\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.509033203125,\n              37.82280243352756\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.38818359375,\n              38.013476231041935\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.16845703124999,\n              38.272688535980976\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.1904296875,\n              38.41916639395372\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f5b2e4b0c8380cd4c385","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70038867,"text":"sir20125085 - 2012 - Sources of suspended sediment in the Waikele watershed, O&#699;ahu, Hawai&#699;i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-29T01:01:57","indexId":"sir20125085","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5085","title":"Sources of suspended sediment in the Waikele watershed, O&#699;ahu, Hawai&#699;i","docAbstract":"Data from streamflow/sediment gages and measurements of changes in channel-bed sediment storage were gathered between October 1, 2007, and September 30, 2010, to assess the sources of suspended sediment in the Waikele watershed, O&#699;ahu, Hawai&#699;i. Streamflow from the watershed averaged 33 cubic feet per second during the study period, with interannual variations corresponding with variations in the frequency and magnitude of storm-flow peaks. Average streamflow during the study period was lower than the long-term average, but the study period included a storm on December 11, 2008, that caused record-high streamflows in parts of the watershed. Suspended-sediment yield from the Waikele watershed during the study period averaged 82,500 tons per year, which is 2.7 times higher than the long-term average. More than 90 percent of the yield during the study period was discharged during the December 11, 2008, storm. The study-period results are consistent with long-term records that show that the vast majority of suspended-sediment transport occurs during a few large storms. Results of this study also show that all but a small percentage of the suspended-sediment yield came from hillslopes. Only a small fraction of bed sediments is fine enough to be transported as suspended load; most bed sediments in the watershed are coarse. Silt and clay constitute less than 3 percent of the bed-sediment volume on average. Some larger clasts, however, can disintegrate during transport and contribute to the suspended load downstream. During the study period, suspended-sediment yield from the urbanized Mililani subbasin averaged 25 tons per year per square mile (tons/yr/mi<sup>2</sup>), which was much smaller than the yield from any other subbasin; these results indicate that urban land use yields much less sediment than other land uses. The wet, forested Kipapa subbasin had an average normalized hillslope suspended-sediment yield of 386 tons/yr/mi<sup>2</sup>; the average yield for forested areas in the watershed may be lower. Suspended-sediment yield from agricultural land use in the watershed is estimated to range between 5,590 and 6,440 tons/yr/mi<sup>2</sup> during the study period; the long-term average is estimated to be 2,070 to 2,390 tons/yr/mi<sup>2</sup>. Of the three land uses considered, agriculture had by far the highest normalized suspended-sediment yield during this study - about an order of magnitude higher than forests and two orders of magnitude higher than urban areas.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125085","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City and County of Honolulu Department of Environmental Services","usgsCitation":"Izuka, S.K., 2012, Sources of suspended sediment in the Waikele watershed, O&#699;ahu, Hawai&#699;i: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5085, x, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125085.","productDescription":"x, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-10-01","temporalEnd":"2010-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258068,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5085.gif"},{"id":258064,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5085/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 4","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"OʻAhu;Waikele Watershed","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -158.33333333333334,21.2 ], [ -158.33333333333334,21.75 ], [ -157.61666666666667,21.75 ], [ -157.61666666666667,21.2 ], [ -158.33333333333334,21.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9393e4b08c986b31a586","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Izuka, Scot K. 0000-0002-8758-9414 skizuka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-9414","contributorId":2645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izuka","given":"Scot","email":"skizuka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70038820,"text":"ofr20121122 - 2012 - Hydrologic index development and application to selected Coastwide Reference Monitoring System sites and Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act projects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-29T01:01:57","indexId":"ofr20121122","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1122","title":"Hydrologic index development and application to selected Coastwide Reference Monitoring System sites and Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act projects","docAbstract":"Hourly time-series salinity and water-level data are collected at all stations within the Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) network across coastal Louisiana. These data, in addition to vegetation and soils data collected as part of CRMS, are used to develop a suite of metrics and indices to assess wetland condition in coastal Louisiana. This document addresses the primary objectives of the CRMS hydrologic analytical team, which were to (1) adopt standard time-series analytical techniques that could effectively assess spatial and temporal variability in hydrologic characteristics across the Louisiana coastal zone on site, project, basin, and coastwide scales and (2) develop and apply an index based on wetland hydrology that can describe the suitability of local hydrology in the context of maximizing the productivity of wetland plant communities. Approaches to quantifying tidal variability (least squares harmonic analysis) and partitioning variability of time-series data to various time scales (spectral analysis) are presented. The relation between marsh elevation and the tidal frame of a given hydrograph is described. A hydrologic index that integrates water-level and salinity data, which are collected hourly, with vegetation data that are collected annually is developed. To demonstrate its utility, the hydrologic index is applied to 173 CRMS sites across the coast, and variability in index scores across marsh vegetation types (fresh, intermediate, brackish, and saline) is assessed. The index is also applied to 11 sites located in three Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act projects, and the ability of the index to convey temporal hydrologic variability in response to climatic stressors and restoration measures, as well as the effect that this community may have on wetland plant productivity, is illustrated.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121122","usgsCitation":"Snedden, G., and Swenson, E.M., 2012, Hydrologic index development and application to selected Coastwide Reference Monitoring System sites and Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act projects: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1122, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121122.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258057,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1122/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":258060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1122.gif"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Breton Sound;Grand Island;Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.08333333333333,28.833333333333332 ], [ -91.08333333333333,30.25 ], [ -88.83333333333333,30.25 ], [ -88.83333333333333,28.833333333333332 ], [ -91.08333333333333,28.833333333333332 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3637e4b0c8380cd60526","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snedden, Gregg A. 0000-0001-7821-3709","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7821-3709","contributorId":17338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snedden","given":"Gregg A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swenson, Erick M.","contributorId":28116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swenson","given":"Erick","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70038846,"text":"sir20115114 - 2012 - Nutrient concentrations and loads in the northeastern United States - Status and trends, 1975-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T18:53:32","indexId":"sir20115114","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5114","title":"Nutrient concentrations and loads in the northeastern United States - Status and trends, 1975-2003","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA) began regional studies in 2003 to synthesize information on nutrient concentrations, trends, stream loads, and sources. In the northeastern United States, a study area that extends from Maine to central Virginia, nutrient data were evaluated for 130 USGS water-quality monitoring stations. Nutrient data were analyzed for trends in flow-adjusted concentrations, modeled instream (non-flow-adjusted) concentrations, and stream loads for 32 stations with 22 to 29 years of water-quality and daily mean streamflow record during 1975-2003 (termed the long-term period), and for 46 stations during 1993-2003 (termed the recent period), by using a coupled statistical model of streamflow and water quality developed by the USGS. Recent trends in flow-adjusted concentrations of one or more nutrients also were analyzed for 90 stations by using Tobit regression. Annual stream nutrient loads were estimated, and annual nutrient yields were calculated, for 47 stations for the long-term and recent periods, and for 37 additional stations that did not have a complete streamflow and water-quality record for 1993-2003. Nutrient yield information was incorporated for 9 drainage basins evaluated in a national NAWQA study, for a total of 93 stations evaluated for nutrient yields. Long-term downward trends in flow-adjusted concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus (18 and 19 of 32 stations, respectively) indicate regional improvements in nutrient-related water-quality conditions. Most of the recent trends detected for total phosphorus were upward (17 of 83 stations), indicating possible reversals to the long-term improvements. Concentrations of nutrients in many streams persist at levels that are likely to affect aquatic habitat adversely and promote freshwater or coastal eutrophication. Recent trends for modeled instream concentrations, and modeled reference concentrations, were evaluated relative to ecoregion-based nutrient criteria proposed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Instream concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus persist at levels higher than proposed criteria at more than one-third and about one-half, respectively, of the 46 stations analyzed. Long-term trends in nutrient loads were primarily downward, with downward trends in total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads detected at 12 and 17 of 32 stations, respectively. Upward trends were rare, with one upward trend for total nitrogen loads and none for total phosphorus. Trends in loads of nitrite-plus-nitrate nitrogen included 7 upward and 8 downward trends among 32 stations. Downward trends in loads of ammonia nitrogen and total Kjeldahl nitrogen were detected at all six stations evaluated. Long-term downward trends detected in four of the five largest drainage basins evaluated include: total nitrogen loads for the Connecticut, Delaware, and James Rivers; total Kjeldahl nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen loads for the Susquehanna River; ammonia nitrogen and nitrite-plus-nitrate nitrogen loads for the James River; and total phosphorus loads for the Connecticut and Delaware Rivers. No trends in load were detected for the Potomac River. Nutrient yields were evaluated relative to the extent of land development in 93 drainage basins. The undeveloped land-use category included forested drainage basins with undeveloped land ranging from 75 to 100 percent of basin area. Median total nitrogen yields for the 27 undeveloped drainage basins evaluated, including 9 basins evaluated in a national NAWQA study, ranged from 290 to 4,800 pounds per square mile per year (lb/mi<sup>2</sup>/yr). Total nitrogen yields even in the most pristine drainage basins may be elevated relative to natural conditions, because of high rates of atmospheric deposition of nitrogen in parts of the northeastern United States. Median total phosphorus yields ranged from 12 to 330 lb/mi<sup>2</sup>/yr for the 26 undeveloped basins evaluated. The undeveloped category includes some large drainage basins with point-source discharges and small percentages of developed land; in these basins, streamflow from undeveloped headwater areas dilutes streamflow in more urbanized reaches, and dampens but does not eliminate the point-source \"signal\" of higher nutrient loads. Median total nitrogen yields generally do not exceed 1,700 lb/mi<sup>2</sup>/yr, and median total phosphorus yields generally do not exceed 100 lb/mi<sup>2</sup>/yr, in the drainage basins that are least affected by human land-use and waste-disposal practices. Agricultural and urban land use has increased nutrient yields substantially relative to undeveloped drainage basins. Median total nitrogen yields for 24 agricultural basins ranged from 1,700 to 26,000 lb/mi<sup>2</sup>/yr, and median total phosphorus yields ranged from 94 to 1,000 lb/mi<sup>2</sup>/yr. The maximum estimated total nitrogen and total phosphorus yields, 32,000 and 16,000 lb/mi<sup>2</sup>/yr, respectively, for all stations in the region were in small (less than 50 square miles (mi<sup>2</sup>)) agricultural drainage basins. Median total nitrogen yields ranged from 1,400 to 17,000 lb/mi<sup>2</sup>/yr in 26 urbanized drainage basins, and median total phosphorus yields ranged from 43 to 1,900 lb/mi<sup>2</sup>/yr. Urbanized drainage basins with the highest nutrient yields are generally small (less than 300 mi2) and are drained by streams that receive major point-source discharges. Instream nutrient loads were evaluated relative to loads from point-source discharges in four drainage basins: the Quinebaug River Basin in Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island; the Raritan River Basin in New Jersey; the Patuxent River Basin in Maryland; and the James River Basin in Virginia. Long-term downward trends in nutrient loads, coupled with similar trends in flow-adjusted nutrient concentrations, indicate long-term reductions in the delivery of most nutrients to these streams. However, the absence of recent downward trends in load for most nutrients, coupled with instream concentrations that exceed proposed nutrient criteria in several of these waste-receiving streams, indicates that challenges remain in reducing delivery of nutrients to streams from point sources. During dry years, the total nutrient load from point sources in some of the drainage basins approached or equaled the nutrient load transported by the stream.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115114","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Trench, E.C., Moore, R.B., Ahearn, E.A., Mullaney, J.R., Hickman, R.E., and Schwarz, G., 2012, Nutrient concentrations and loads in the northeastern United States - Status and trends, 1975-2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5114, xi, 134 p.; Tables: pgs. 135-148; Appendices: pgs. 149-169; Excel Tables 1-10; Excel Tables 11-27; Appendix index page with contents and file downloads, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115114.","productDescription":"xi, 134 p.; Tables: pgs. 135-148; Appendices: pgs. 149-169; Excel Tables 1-10; Excel Tables 11-27; Appendix index page with contents and file downloads","temporalStart":"1975-01-01","temporalEnd":"2003-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5114.jpg"},{"id":258009,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5114/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"2000000","projection":"1990 Albers Equal-Area Projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Connecticut;Delaware;Maine;Maryl;Massachusetts;New Hampshire;New Jersey;New York;Pennsylvania;Rhode Island;Vermont;Virginia;Washington D.C.;West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82,36 ], [ -82,48 ], [ -66,48 ], [ -66,36 ], [ -82,36 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a697be4b0c8380cd73d48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trench, Elaine C. Todd etrench@usgs.gov","contributorId":4557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trench","given":"Elaine","email":"etrench@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C. Todd","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":465075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Richard B. rmoore@usgs.gov","contributorId":1464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Richard","email":"rmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ahearn, Elizabeth A. 0000-0002-5633-2640 eaahearn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5633-2640","contributorId":194658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahearn","given":"Elizabeth","email":"eaahearn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":377,"text":"Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mullaney, John R. 0000-0003-4936-5046 jmullane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4936-5046","contributorId":1957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullaney","given":"John","email":"jmullane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hickman, R. Edward 0000-0001-5160-3723 whickman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5160-3723","contributorId":3153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"R.","email":"whickman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schwarz, Gregory E. 0000-0002-9239-4566 gschwarz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-4566","contributorId":543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarz","given":"Gregory E.","email":"gschwarz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5067,"text":"Northeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":465070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70038845,"text":"fs20123089 - 2012 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary of program direction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T11:01:15","indexId":"fs20123089","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3089","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary of program direction","docAbstract":"The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative responds to a growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other three-dimensional representations of the Nation's natural and constructed features. The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment (NEEA), which was completed in 2011, clearly documented this need within government and industry sectors. The results of the NEEA indicated that enhanced elevation data have the potential to generate $13 billion in new benefits annually. The benefits apply to food risk management, agriculture, water supply, homeland security, renewable energy, aviation safety, and other areas. The 3DEP initiative was recommended by the National Digital Elevation Program and its 12 Federal member agencies and was endorsed by the National States Geographic Information Council (NSGIC) and the National Geospatial Advisory Committee (NGAC).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123089","usgsCitation":"Snyder, G., 2012, The 3D Elevation Program: summary of program direction: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3089, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123089.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":410,"text":"National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258006,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3089.JPG"},{"id":257996,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3089/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba654e4b08c986b32106d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, Gregory I. gsnyder@usgs.gov","contributorId":4069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Gregory I.","email":"gsnyder@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70038851,"text":"sir20125093 - 2012 - Nutrient and suspended-sediment trends, loads, and yields and development of an indicator of streamwater quality at nontidal sites in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, 1985-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-06T23:10:44.893465","indexId":"sir20125093","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5093","title":"Nutrient and suspended-sediment trends, loads, and yields and development of an indicator of streamwater quality at nontidal sites in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, 1985-2010","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) updates information on loads of, and trends in, nutrients and sediment annually to help the Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP) investigators assess progress toward improving water-quality conditions in the Chesapeake Bay and its watershed. CBP scientists and managers have worked since 1983 to improve water quality in the bay. In 2010, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) established a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for the Chesapeake Bay. The TMDL specifies nutrient and sediment load allocations that need to be achieved in the watershed to improve dissolved oxygen, water-clarity, and chlorophyll conditions in the bay. The USEPA, USGS, and state and local jurisdictions in the watershed operate a CBP nontidal water-quality monitoring network and associated database that are used to update load and trend information to help assess progress toward reducing nutrient and sediment inputs to the bay. Data collected from the CBP nontidal network were used to estimate loads and trends for two time periods: a long-term period (1985-2010) at 31 \"primary\" sites (with storm sampling) and a 10-year period (2001-10) at 33 primary sites and 16 \"secondary\" sites (without storm sampling). In addition, loads at 64 primary sites were estimated for the period 2006 to 2010. Results indicate improving flow-adjusted trends for nitrogen and phosphorus for 1985 to 2010 at most of the sites in the network. For nitrogen, 21 of the 31 sites showed downward (improving) trends, whereas 2 sites showed upward (degrading) trends, and 8 sites showed no trends. The results for phosphorus were similar: 22 sites showed improving trends, 4 sites showed degrading trends, and 5 sites indicated no trends. For sediment, no trend was found at 40 percent of the sites, with 10 sites showing improving trends and 8 sites showing degrading trends. The USGS, working with CBP partners, developed a new water-quality indicator that combines the results of the 10-year trend analysis with results from a greater number of sites (64 primary sites) where loads and yields of total nitrogen and phosphorus and sediment could be calculated. The new indicator shows fewer significant trends for the 10-year time period than for the long-term time period (1985-2010). For 2001-10, total nitrogen trends were downward (improving) at 14 sites and upward (degrading) at 2 sites; no trend was found at 17 sites. For total phosphorus, 12 sites showed improving trends, 4 sites showed degrading trends, and 17 sites showed no trend. For total sediment, most sites (21) did not exhibit a significant trend; 3 sites showed improving trends, and 10 sites showed degrading trends. Few significant trends were seen at the 16 secondary sites: improving trends for total nitrogen at 4 sites, improving trends for total phosphorus at 2 sites, and a degrading trend for sediment at 1 site. Total streamflow to the Chesapeake Bay was 20 percent higher in 2010 than in 2009 and is considered to be within the normal range of flow, whereas annual streamflow at 28 sites was greater in 2010 than in 2009. No trends in daily streamflow were detected at the 31 long-term sites. Combined loads for the farthest downstream nontidal monitoring sites (called \"River Input Monitoring sites\") increased 33 percent for total nitrogen, 120 percent for total phosphorus, and 330 percent for total sediment from 2009 to 2010. The large increase in phosphorus and sediment loads in 2010 was caused in large part by two large storm events that occurred during the spring in the Potomac River Basin. Yields (load per watershed area) of total nitrogen in the Chesapeake Bay watershed decreased from north to south (New York to Virginia). No spatial patterns were discernible for total phosphorus or sediment.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125093","usgsCitation":"Langland, M., Blomquist, J., Moyer, D., and Hyer, K., 2012, Nutrient and suspended-sediment trends, loads, and yields and development of an indicator of streamwater quality at nontidal sites in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, 1985-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5093, v, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125093.","productDescription":"v, 26 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1985-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5093.png"},{"id":258010,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5093/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"2000000","projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic Projection","country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.1904296875,\n              38.41916639395372\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.223388671875,\n              38.64261790634527\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.35522460937499,\n              38.79690830348427\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.498046875,\n              38.87392853923629\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5419921875,\n              39.0533181067413\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.662841796875,\n              39.30029918615029\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.750732421875,\n              39.70718665682654\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.6298828125,\n              40.052847601823984\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.69580078125,\n              40.07807142745009\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.95947265625,\n              40.052847601823984\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0693359375,\n              40.069664523297774\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.058349609375,\n              40.18726672309203\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.9375,\n              40.29628651711716\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.91552734375,\n              40.3549167507906\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.89355468749999,\n              40.47202439692057\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.09130859375,\n              40.56389453066509\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.190185546875,\n              40.64730356252251\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0693359375,\n              40.75557964275589\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.83862304687499,\n              40.871987756697415\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.76171875,\n              40.91351257612758\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.706787109375,\n              40.95501133048621\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.7177734375,\n              41.071069130806414\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.662841796875,\n              41.1455697310095\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5419921875,\n              41.13729606112276\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.322265625,\n              41.104190944576466\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.377197265625,\n              41.22824901518529\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.377197265625,\n              41.28606238749825\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.377197265625,\n              41.43449030894922\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.399169921875,\n              41.6154423246811\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.34423828125,\n              41.68111756290652\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.2783203125,\n              41.91045347666418\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.38818359375,\n              42.00848901572399\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.377197265625,\n              42.09007006868398\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.223388671875,\n              42.17968819665961\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.970703125,\n              42.26917949243506\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.8388671875,\n              42.32606244456202\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.520263671875,\n              42.415346114253616\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.278564453125,\n              42.54498667313236\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.322509765625,\n              42.64204079304426\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.410400390625,\n              42.80346172417078\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.68505859374999,\n              42.924251753870685\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.069580078125,\n              42.98053954751642\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.38818359375,\n              42.96446257387128\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.684814453125,\n              42.93229601903058\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.9375,\n              42.87596410238256\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.201171875,\n              42.827638636242284\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.26708984375,\n              42.72280375732727\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.2890625,\n              42.601619944327965\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.2890625,\n              42.52069952914966\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.343994140625,\n              42.415346114253616\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.46484375,\n              42.382894009614034\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.640625,\n              42.431565872579185\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.7724609375,\n              42.39912215986002\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.80541992187499,\n              42.24478535602799\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.88232421875,\n              42.285437007491545\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.9482421875,\n              42.415346114253616\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.04711914062499,\n              42.44778143462245\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.14599609375,\n              42.415346114253616\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.2998046875,\n              42.382894009614034\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.222900390625,\n              42.54498667313236\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.442626953125,\n              42.69858589169842\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.574462890625,\n              42.60970621339408\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.640380859375,\n              42.48830197960227\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.728271484375,\n              42.439674178149424\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.6513671875,\n              42.31793945446847\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.596435546875,\n              42.22851735620852\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.5634765625,\n              42.09007006868398\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.6953125,\n              41.92680320648791\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.9150390625,\n              41.83682786072714\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.0908203125,\n              41.795888098191426\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.453369140625,\n              41.599013054830216\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.453369140625,\n              41.50857729743935\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.42041015625,\n              41.376808565702355\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.3984375,\n              41.21172151054787\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.519287109375,\n              41.054501963290505\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.541259765625,\n              40.9218144123785\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.409423828125,\n              40.713955826286046\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.299560546875,\n              40.55554790286311\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.343505859375,\n              40.48873742102282\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.475341796875,\n              40.30466538259176\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.64013671875,\n              40.06125658140474\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.826904296875,\n              39.9434364619742\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.848876953125,\n              39.80853604144591\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.85986328125,\n              39.715638134796336\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.99169921875,\n              39.69873414348139\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.046630859375,\n              39.64799732373418\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.266357421875,\n              39.436192999314095\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.420166015625,\n              39.2832938689385\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.354248046875,\n              39.26628442213066\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.266357421875,\n              39.232253141714885\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.2333984375,\n              39.155622393423215\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.244384765625,\n              39.01918369029134\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.27734374999999,\n              38.89103282648846\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.398193359375,\n              38.74551518488265\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.661865234375,\n              38.54816542304656\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.683837890625,\n              38.47079371120379\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.727783203125,\n              38.34165619279595\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.815673828125,\n              38.20365531807149\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.04638671875,\n              38.013476231041935\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.17822265625,\n              37.779398571318765\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.2880859375,\n              37.59682400108367\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.4638671875,\n              37.47485808497102\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.694580078125,\n              37.38761749978395\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.771484375,\n              37.23032838760387\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.57373046875,\n              37.26530995561875\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.44189453125,\n              37.309014074275915\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.255126953125,\n              37.31775185163688\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.013427734375,\n              37.3002752813443\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.8486328125,\n              37.23907530202184\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.771728515625,\n              37.18657859524883\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.6728515625,\n              37.07271048132943\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.541015625,\n              37.09900294387622\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.354248046875,\n              37.142803443716836\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.1455078125,\n              37.10776507118514\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.112548828125,\n              37.055177106660814\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.936767578125,\n              36.932330061503144\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.837890625,\n              36.94111143010769\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.662109375,\n              37.055177106660814\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.486328125,\n              37.03763967977139\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.42041015625,\n              36.94111143010769\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.20068359374999,\n              36.96744946416934\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.904052734375,\n              37.03763967977139\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.750244140625,\n              37.081475648860525\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.53051757812499,\n              37.081475648860525\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.354736328125,\n              37.07271048132943\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.069091796875,\n              37.081475648860525\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.959228515625,\n              37.01132594307015\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.893310546875,\n              36.932330061503144\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.871337890625,\n              36.83566824724438\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.849365234375,\n              36.677230602346214\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.7724609375,\n              36.527294814546245\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.629638671875,\n              36.55377524336089\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.46484375,\n              36.589068371399115\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.35498046875,\n              36.48314061639213\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.256103515625,\n              36.57142382346277\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.190185546875,\n              36.66841891894786\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0693359375,\n              36.65079252503471\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.9375,\n              36.66841891894786\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.948486328125,\n              36.76529191711624\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.904541015625,\n              37.01132594307015\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.926513671875,\n              37.17782559332976\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.882568359375,\n              37.42252593456307\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.618896484375,\n              37.640334898059486\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.509033203125,\n              37.82280243352756\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.38818359375,\n              38.013476231041935\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.16845703124999,\n              38.272688535980976\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.1904296875,\n              38.41916639395372\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6975e4b0c8380cd73d24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langland, Michael","contributorId":79609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langland","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blomquist, Joel","contributorId":56325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blomquist","given":"Joel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moyer, Douglas","contributorId":41276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyer","given":"Douglas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hyer, Kenneth","contributorId":23005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyer","given":"Kenneth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70168411,"text":"70168411 - 2012 - Brook trout movement in response to temperature, flow, and thermal refugia within a complex Appalachian riverscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-15T14:24:52","indexId":"70168411","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-26T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Brook trout movement in response to temperature, flow, and thermal refugia within a complex Appalachian riverscape","docAbstract":"<p>We quantified movements of brook trout <i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i> and brown trout <i>Salmo trutta</i> in a complex riverscape characterized by a large, open-canopy main stem and a small, closed-canopy tributary in eastern West Virginia, USA. Our objectives were to quantify the overall rate of trout movement and relate movement behaviors to variation in streamflow, water temperature, and access to coldwater refugia. The study area experienced extremely high seasonal, yearly, and among-stream variability in water temperature and flow. The relative mobility of brook trout within the upper Shavers Fork watershed varied significantly depending on whether individuals resided within the larger main stem or the smaller tributary. The movement rate of trout inhabiting the main stem during summer months (50 m/d) was an order of magnitude higher than that of tributary fish (2 m/d). Movement rates of main-stem-resident brook trout during summer were correlated with the maximum water temperature experienced by the fish and with the fish's initial distance from a known coldwater source. For main-stem trout, use of microhabitats closer to cover was higher during extremely warm periods than during cooler periods; use of microhabitats closer to cover during warm periods was also greater for main-stem trout than for tributary inhabitants. Main-stem-resident trout were never observed in water exceeding 19.5&deg;C. Our study provides some of the first data on brook trout movements in a large Appalachian river system and underscores the importance of managing trout fisheries in a riverscape context. Brook trout conservation in this region will depend on restoration and protection of coldwater refugia in larger river main stems as well as removal of barriers to trout movement near tributary and main-stem confluences.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2012.681102","usgsCitation":"Petty, J.T., Hansbarger, J.L., Huntsman, B.M., and Mazik, P.M., 2012, Brook trout movement in response to temperature, flow, and thermal refugia within a complex Appalachian riverscape: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 141, no. 4, p. 1060-1073, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2012.681102.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1060","endPage":"1073","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-032545","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318027,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.52978515625,\n              40.64730356252251\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.650634765625,\n              40.613952441166596\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.595703125,\n              40.32141999593439\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.771484375,\n              40.002371935876475\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.91430664062499,\n              39.631076770083666\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.331787109375,\n              39.33429742980725\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.628662109375,\n              37.38761749978395\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.211181640625,\n              37.640334898059486\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.26611328125,\n              37.70989935485515\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.013427734375,\n              37.93553306183642\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.903564453125,\n              38.20365531807149\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.70581054687499,\n              38.41916639395372\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.617919921875,\n              38.53957267203905\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.2333984375,\n              38.36750215395045\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.013671875,\n              38.805470223177466\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.782958984375,\n              38.71980474264239\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.73901367187499,\n              38.8824811975508\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.387451171875,\n              39.14710270770074\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.387451171875,\n              39.21523130910493\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.37646484375,\n              39.33429742980725\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.3544921875,\n              39.42770738465604\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.84912109375,\n              39.11301365149975\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.728271484375,\n              39.342794408952386\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.750244140625,\n              39.470125122358176\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.84912109375,\n              39.53793974517628\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.816162109375,\n              39.605688178320804\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.991943359375,\n              39.605688178320804\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.167724609375,\n              39.715638134796336\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.25561523437499,\n              39.64799732373418\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.44238281249999,\n              39.64799732373418\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.44238281249999,\n              39.5633531658293\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.662109375,\n              39.54641191968671\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.782958984375,\n              39.631076770083666\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.9697265625,\n              39.470125122358176\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.07958984375,\n              39.51251701659638\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.453125,\n              39.232253141714885\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.486083984375,\n              39.74943369178244\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.5078125,\n              39.73253798438173\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.52978515625,\n              40.64730356252251\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"141","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c304c1e4b0946c65208739","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petty, J. Todd","contributorId":166749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petty","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Todd","affiliations":[{"id":24497,"text":"West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":619979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansbarger, Jeff L.","contributorId":166750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansbarger","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":24498,"text":"West Virginia Division of Natural Resources, Point Pleasant, WV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":619980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huntsman, Brock M. 0000-0003-4090-1949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4090-1949","contributorId":166748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huntsman","given":"Brock","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24497,"text":"West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":619978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mazik, Patricia M. 0000-0002-8046-5929 pmazik@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8046-5929","contributorId":2318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazik","given":"Patricia","email":"pmazik@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70038665,"text":"70038665 - 2012 - The macroecology of sustainability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-23T09:01:26","indexId":"70038665","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-26T12:25:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2979,"text":"PLoS Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The macroecology of sustainability","docAbstract":"The discipline of sustainability science has emerged in response to concerns of natural and social scientists, policymakers, and lay people about whether the Earth can continue to support human population growth and economic prosperity. Yet, sustainability science has developed largely independently from and with little reference to key ecological principles that govern life on Earth. A macroecological perspective highlights three principles that should be integral to sustainability science: 1) physical conservation laws govern the flows of energy and materials between human systems and the environment, 2) smaller systems are connected by these flows to larger systems in which they are embedded, and 3) global constraints ultimately limit flows at smaller scales. Over the past few decades, decreasing per capita rates of consumption of petroleum, phosphate, agricultural land, fresh water, fish, and wood indicate that the growing human population has surpassed the capacity of the Earth to supply enough of these essential resources to sustain even the current population and level of socioeconomic development.","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pbio.1001345","usgsCitation":"Burger, J.R., Allen, C.D., Brown, J., Burnside, W.R., Davidson, A., Fristoe, T.S., Hamilton, M.J., Mercado-Silva, N., Nekola, J.C., Okie, J.G., and Zuo, W., 2012, The macroecology of sustainability: PLoS Biology, v. 10, no. 6, 7 p.; article e1001345, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001345.","productDescription":"7 p.; article e1001345","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474440,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001345","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":257919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505badace4b08c986b323d75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burger, Joseph R.","contributorId":15875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burger","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, James H.","contributorId":20058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"James H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burnside, William R.","contributorId":71823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnside","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Davidson, Ana D.","contributorId":93321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidson","given":"Ana D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fristoe, Trevor S.","contributorId":40464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fristoe","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hamilton, Marcus J.","contributorId":73452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Marcus","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mercado-Silva, Norman","contributorId":18219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mercado-Silva","given":"Norman","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nekola, Jeffrey C.","contributorId":105958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nekola","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Okie, Jordan G.","contributorId":69836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okie","given":"Jordan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Zuo, Wenyun","contributorId":76178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuo","given":"Wenyun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70038842,"text":"sir20125043 - 2012 - Assessment of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in selected surface water of the National Park Service Northern Colorado Plateau Network, Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming, from 1972 through 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-27T01:01:43","indexId":"sir20125043","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5043","title":"Assessment of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in selected surface water of the National Park Service Northern Colorado Plateau Network, Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming, from 1972 through 2007","docAbstract":"Nutrients are a nationally recognized concern for water quality of streams, rivers, groundwater, and water bodies. Nutrient impairment is documented by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as a primary cause of degradation in lakes and reservoirs, and nutrients are related to organic enrichment and oxygen depletion, which is an important cause of degradation in streams. Recently (2011), an effort to develop State-based numeric nutrient criteria has resulted in renewed emphasis on nutrients in surface water throughout the Nation. In response to this renewed emphasis and to investigate nutrient water quality for Northern Colorado Plateau Network streams, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the National Park Service, assessed total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentration data for 93 sites in or near 14 National Park units for the time period 1972 through 2007.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125043","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Brown, J., and Thoma, D.P., 2012, Assessment of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in selected surface water of the National Park Service Northern Colorado Plateau Network, Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming, from 1972 through 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5043, x, 112 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125043.","productDescription":"x, 112 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1972-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257952,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5043.gif"},{"id":257940,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5043/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"200000","country":"United States","state":"Arizona;Colorado;Idaho;New Mexico;Utah;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Northern Colorado Plateau","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114,36 ], [ -114,42.25 ], [ -106.5,42.25 ], [ -106.5,36 ], [ -114,36 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee6be4b0c8380cd49d4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Juliane B.","contributorId":74040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Juliane B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thoma, David P.","contributorId":45975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thoma","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70038839,"text":"fs20123078 - 2012 - Preserving science for the ages--USGS data rescue","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-27T01:01:43","indexId":"fs20123078","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3078","title":"Preserving science for the ages--USGS data rescue","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is a steward for over 130 years of rich, diverse natural science and information resources. We document one-of-a-kind observations of natural phenomena and cultural impacts on our changing world. In order for society to deal with national and global trends, the USGS must enable access and use of legacy, inaccessible information by including these data in our digital archives and databases. The USGS has conducted scientific assessments on the quality and quantity of the Nation's water resources, provided access to geospatial and natural resource data, and conducted multi-purpose natural science studies. All of these have generated records that need to be accessible and integrated in order to be examined for new information and interpretations that were never intended by the original collector. The Federal Records Act of 1950 mandates that the USGS preserve Federal records containing evidence of the agency's organization, functions, policies, decisions, procedures, and essential transactions. At the USGS, the goal of Open Government is to improve and increase access to scientific information. Therefore, it is incumbent upon the USGS to preserve, make available, and provide accountability for the data that it creates from our scientific projects.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123078","usgsCitation":"Wippich, C., 2012, Preserving science for the ages--USGS data rescue: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3078, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123078.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":103,"text":"Administration and Enterprise Information","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3078.gif"},{"id":257905,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3078/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8b54e4b0c8380cd7e202","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wippich, Carol","contributorId":26922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wippich","given":"Carol","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}