{"pageNumber":"676","pageRowStart":"16875","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68919,"records":[{"id":70041952,"text":"70041952 - 2012 - Comparison of stream invertebrate response models for bioassessment metric","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T13:32:42","indexId":"70041952","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-01T09:24:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of stream invertebrate response models for bioassessment metric","docAbstract":"We aggregated invertebrate data from various sources to assemble data for modeling in two ecoregions in Oregon and one in California. Our goal was to compare the performance of models developed using multiple linear regression (MLR) techniques with models developed using three relatively new techniques: classification and regression trees (CART), random forest (RF), and boosted regression trees (BRT). We used tolerance of taxa based on richness (RICHTOL) and ratio of observed to expected taxa (O/E) as response variables and land use/land cover as explanatory variables. Responses were generally linear; therefore, there was little improvement to the MLR models when compared to models using CART and RF. In general, the four modeling techniques (MLR, CART, RF, and BRT) consistently selected the same primary explanatory variables for each region. However, results from the BRT models showed significant improvement over the MLR models for each region; increases in R<sup>2</sup> from 0.09 to 0.20. The O/E metric that was derived from models specifically calibrated for Oregon consistently had lower R<sup>2</sup> values than RICHTOL for the two regions tested. Modeled O/E R<sup>2</sup> values were between 0.06 and 0.10 lower for each of the four modeling methods applied in the Willamette Valley and were between 0.19 and 0.36 points lower for the Blue Mountains. As a result, BRT models may indeed represent a good alternative to MLR for modeling species distribution relative to environmental variables.","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Herndon, VA","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00632.x","usgsCitation":"Waite, I.R., Kennen, J., May, J., Brown, L.R., Cuffney, T.F., Jones, K.A., and Orlando, J., 2012, Comparison of stream invertebrate response models for bioassessment metric: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 48, no. 3, p. 570-583, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00632.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"570","endPage":"583","ipdsId":"IP-030734","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281600,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Blue Mountains, Willamette Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.7035,32.53 ], [ -124.7035,46.2991 ], [ -114.13,46.2991 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.7035,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"48","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5216e4b0b290850f451a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, Ian R. 0000-0003-1681-6955 iwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1681-6955","contributorId":616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"Ian","email":"iwaite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennen, Jonathan G. 0000-0002-5426-4445 jgkennen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5426-4445","contributorId":574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennen","given":"Jonathan G.","email":"jgkennen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, Jason T. 0000-0002-5699-2112","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-2112","contributorId":14791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Jason T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cuffney, Thomas F. 0000-0003-1164-5560 tcuffney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1164-5560","contributorId":517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuffney","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuffney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jones, Kimberly A. kjones@usgs.gov","contributorId":937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Kimberly","email":"kjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":470462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Orlando, James L. 0000-0002-0099-7221","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-7221","contributorId":95954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orlando","given":"James L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70110901,"text":"70110901 - 2012 - Uncertainty","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-07T09:25:03","indexId":"70110901","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-01T09:21:04","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Uncertainty","docAbstract":"<p>Management decisions will often be directly informed by model predictions. However, we now know there can be no expectation of a single ‘true’ model; thus, model results are uncertain. Understandable reporting of underlying uncertainty provides necessary context to decision-makers, as model results are used for management decisions. This, in turn, forms a mechanism by which groundwater models inform a risk-management framework because uncertainty around a prediction provides the basis for estimating the probability or likelihood of some event occurring. Given that the consequences of management decisions vary, it follows that the extent of and resources devoted to an uncertainty analysis may depend on the consequences. For events with low impact, a qualitative, limited uncertainty analysis may be sufficient for informing a decision. For events with a high impact, on the other hand, the risks might be better assessed and associated decisions made using a more robust and comprehensive uncertainty analysis.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The purpose of this chapter is to provide guidance on uncertainty analysis through discussion of concepts and approaches, which can vary from heuristic (i.e. the modeller’s assessment of prediction uncertainty based on trial and error and experience) to a comprehensive, sophisticated, statistics-based uncertainty analysis. Most of the material presented here is taken from Doherty et al. (2010) if not otherwise cited. Although the treatment here is necessarily brief, the reader can find citations for the source material and additional references within this chapter.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Australian groundwater modelling guidelines","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Water Commission","publisherLocation":"Canberra, Australia","usgsCitation":"Hunt, R.J., 2012, Uncertainty, chap. <i>of</i> Australian groundwater modelling guidelines, p. 92-105.","productDescription":"p. 92-105","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-036106","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289446,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bbc186e4b084059e8bff06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70038548,"text":"70038548 - 2012 - Extending a prototype knowledge- and object-based image analysis model to coarser spatial resolution imagery: an example from the Missouri River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-25T14:55:34","indexId":"70038548","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Extending a prototype knowledge- and object-based image analysis model to coarser spatial resolution imagery: an example from the Missouri River","docAbstract":"<p>A prototype knowledge- and object-based image analysis model was developed to inventory and map least tern and piping plover habitat on the Missouri River, USA. The model has been used to inventory the state of sandbars annually for 4 segments of the Missouri River since 2006 using QuickBird imagery. Interpretation of the state of sandbars is difficult when images for the segment are acquired at different river stages and different states of vegetation phenology and canopy cover. Concurrent QuickBird and RapidEye images were classified using the model and the spatial correspondence of classes in the land cover and sandbar maps were analysed for the spatial extent of the images and at nest locations for both bird species. Omission and commission errors were low for unvegetated land cover classes used for nesting by both bird species and for land cover types with continuous vegetation cover and water. Errors were larger for land cover classes characterized by a mixture of sand and vegetation. Sandbar classification decisions are made using information on land cover class proportions and disagreement between sandbar classes was resolved using fuzzy membership possibilities. Regression analysis of area for a paired sample of 47 sandbars indicated an average positive bias, 1.15 ha, for RapidEye that did not vary with sandbar size. RapidEye has potential to reduce temporal uncertainty about least tern and piping plover habitat but would not be suitable for mapping sandbar erosion, and characterization of sandbar shapes or vegetation patches at fine spatial resolution.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings GEOBIA 2012","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"4th Conference on GEographic Object-Based Image Analysis - GEOBIA 2012","conferenceDate":"May 7-9, 2012","conferenceLocation":"Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","language":"English","publisher":"Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais","publisherLocation":"Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","usgsCitation":"Strong, L.L., 2012, Extending a prototype knowledge- and object-based image analysis model to coarser spatial resolution imagery: an example from the Missouri River, <i>in</i> Proceedings GEOBIA 2012, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, May 7-9, 2012, p. 530-535.","productDescription":"6 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]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"554dde2be4b082ec54129f21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strong, Laurence L. lstrong@usgs.gov","contributorId":3642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strong","given":"Laurence","email":"lstrong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":546483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70045217,"text":"70045217 - 2012 - Warming and increased precipitation frequency on the Colorado Plateau: Implications for biological soil crusts and soil processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-29T13:54:40.668673","indexId":"70045217","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3089,"text":"Plant and Soil","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Warming and increased precipitation frequency on the Colorado Plateau: Implications for biological soil crusts and soil processes","docAbstract":"<p>Aims </p><p>Changes in temperature and precipitation are expected to influence ecosystem processes worldwide. Despite their globally large extent, few studies to date have examined the effects of climate change in desert ecosystems, where biological soil crusts are key nutrient cycling components. The goal of this work was to assess how increased temperature and frequency of summertime precipitation affect the contributions of crust organisms to soil processes. </p><p>Methods </p><p>With a combination of experimental 2°C warming and altered summer precipitation frequency applied over 2 years, we measured soil nutrient cycling and the structure and function of crust communities. </p><p>Results </p><p>We saw no change in crust cover, composition, or other measures of crust function in response to 2°C warming and no effects on any measure of soil chemistry. In contrast, crust cover and function responded to increased frequency of summer precipitation, shifting from moss to cyanobacteria-dominated crusts; however, in the short timeframe we measured, there was no accompanying change in soil chemistry. Total bacterial and fungal biomass was also reduced in watered plots, while the activity of two enzymes increased, indicating a functional change in the microbial community. </p><p>Conclusions </p><p>Taken together, our results highlight the limited effects of warming alone on biological soil crust communities and soil chemistry, but demonstrate the substantially larger effects of altered summertime precipitation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11104-011-1097-z","usgsCitation":"Zelikova, T.J., Housman, D.C., Grote, E., Neher, D.A., and Belnap, J., 2012, Warming and increased precipitation frequency on the Colorado Plateau: Implications for biological soil crusts and soil processes: Plant and Soil, v. 355, no. 1-2, p. 265-282, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-011-1097-z.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"265","endPage":"282","numberOfPages":"18","ipdsId":"IP-032668","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270985,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"355","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516e72f0e4b00154e4368c52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zelikova, Tamara J.","contributorId":76615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zelikova","given":"Tamara","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Housman, David C.","contributorId":60752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Housman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grote, Ed E. 0000-0002-9103-9482","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9103-9482","contributorId":81390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grote","given":"Ed E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Neher, Deborah A.","contributorId":44444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neher","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70154958,"text":"70154958 - 2012 - An artificial perch to help Snail Kites handle an exotic Apple Snail","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-22T14:32:47","indexId":"70154958","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An artificial perch to help Snail Kites handle an exotic Apple Snail","docAbstract":"<p><span>In the United States, the Snail Kite (</span><i>Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus</i><span>) is a federally endangered species and restricted to the wetlands of south-central Florida where the current population numbers less than 1,500. The Snail Kite is an extreme dietary specialist, previously feeding almost exclusively on one species of snail, the Florida Apple Snail (</span><i>Pomacea paludosa</i><span>). Within the past decade, an exotic species of apple snail, the Island Apple Snail (</span><i>Pomacea insularum</i><span>), has become established on lakes in central Florida. Island Apple Snails are larger than the native Florida Apple Snails, and Snail Kites handle the exotic snails less efficiently. Juvenile Snail Kites, in particular, have lower daily energy balances while feeding on Island Apple Snails. An inexpensive, easy-to-construct platform was developed that would provide Snail Kites with a flat, stable surface on which to extract snails. The platform has the potential to reduce the difficulties Snail Kites experience when handling exotic snails, and may benefit the Snail Kite population as a whole. Initial observations indicate that Snail Kites use the platforms frequently, and snails extracted at the platforms are larger than snails extracted at other perches.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.035.0217","usgsCitation":"Pias, K., Welch, Z.C., and Kitchens, W.M., 2012, An artificial perch to help Snail Kites handle an exotic Apple Snail: Waterbirds, v. 35, no. 2, p. 347-351, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.035.0217.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"347","endPage":"351","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-035311","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305906,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55b0bea9e4b09a3b01b5307d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pias, Kyle E.","contributorId":26535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pias","given":"Kyle E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Welch, Zach C.","contributorId":145856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Welch","given":"Zach","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kitchens, Wiley M. kitchensw@usgs.gov","contributorId":2851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitchens","given":"Wiley","email":"kitchensw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":564409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70193587,"text":"70193587 - 2012 - Monitoring glacier surface seismicity in time and space using Rayleigh waves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T14:47:03","indexId":"70193587","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring glacier surface seismicity in time and space using Rayleigh waves","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sliding glaciers and brittle ice failure generate seismic body and surface wave energy characteristic to the source mechanism. Here we analyze continuous seismic recordings from an array of nine short-period passive seismometers located on Bench Glacier, Alaska (USA) (61.033°N, 145.687°W). We focus on the arrival-time and amplitude information of the dominant Rayleigh wave phase. Over a 46-hour period we detect thousands of events using a cross-correlation based event identification method. Travel-time inversion of a subset of events (7% of the total) defines an active crevasse, propagating more than 200 meters in three hours. From the Rayleigh wave amplitudes, we estimate the amount of volumetric opening along the crevasse as well as an average bulk attenuation (&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math-equation-construct\" data-equation-construct=\"true\"><span class=\"math-equation-image\" data-equation-image=\"true\"><img class=\"inlineGraphic\" src=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1029/2011JF002259/asset/equation/jgrf946-math-0001.gif?v=1&amp;s=a1414ac408ba7e9a082930d173004f4c91099069\" alt=\"math formula\" data-mce-src=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1029/2011JF002259/asset/equation/jgrf946-math-0001.gif?v=1&amp;s=a1414ac408ba7e9a082930d173004f4c91099069\"></span></span><span><span>&nbsp;</span>= 42) for the ice in this part of the glacier. With the remaining icequake signals we establish a diurnal periodicity in seismicity, indicating that surface run-off and subglacial water pressure changes likely control the triggering of these surface events. Furthermore, we find that these events are too weak (i.e., too noisy) to locate individually. However, stacking individual events increases the signal-to-noise ratio of the waveforms, implying that these periodic sources are effectively stationary during the recording period.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2011JF002259","usgsCitation":"Mikesell, T.D., Van Wijk, K., Haney, M.M., Bradford, J., Marshall, H.P., and Harper, J.T., 2012, Monitoring glacier surface seismicity in time and space using Rayleigh waves: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 117, no. F2, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JF002259.","productDescription":"F02020; 12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","ipdsId":"IP-039173","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474499,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jf002259","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348115,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"F2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2eb1e4b0531197b2801c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mikesell, T. D.","contributorId":199580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mikesell","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Wijk, K.","contributorId":16551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Wijk","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haney, Matthew M. mhaney@usgs.gov","contributorId":2943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haney","given":"Matthew","email":"mhaney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":719926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bradford, J.H.","contributorId":22606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marshall, Hans P.","contributorId":172745,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marshall","given":"Hans","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harper, J. T.","contributorId":199751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harper","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70190453,"text":"70190453 - 2012 - Metal dispersion resulting from mining activities in coastal environments: A pathways approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-18T17:46:30.387701","indexId":"70190453","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2929,"text":"Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metal dispersion resulting from mining activities in coastal environments: A pathways approach","docAbstract":"<p><span>Acid rock drainage (ARD) and disposal of tailings that result from mining activities impact coastal areas in many countries. The dispersion of metals from mine sites that are both proximal and distal to the shoreline can be examined using a pathways approach in which physical and chemical processes guide metal transport in the continuum from sources (sulfide minerals) to bioreceptors (marine biota). Large amounts of metals can be physically transported to the coastal environment by intentional or accidental release of sulfide-bearing mine tailings. Oxidation of sulfide minerals results in elevated dissolved metal concentrations in surface waters on land (producing ARD) and in pore waters of submarine tailings. Changes in pH, adsorption by insoluble secondary minerals (e.g.,&nbsp;Fe oxyhydroxides), and precipitation of soluble salts (e.g.,&nbsp;sulfates) affect dissolved metal fluxes. Evidence for bioaccumulation includes anomalous metal concentrations in bivalves and reef corals, and overlapping Pb isotope ratios for sulfides, shellfish, and seaweed in contaminated environments. Although bioavailability and potential toxicity are, to a large extent, functions of metal speciation, specific uptake pathways, such as adsorption from solution and ingestion of particles, also play important roles. Recent emphasis on broader ecological impacts has led to complementary methodologies involving laboratory toxicity tests and field studies of species richness and diversity.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oceanography Society","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2012.53","usgsCitation":"Koski, R.A., 2012, Metal dispersion resulting from mining activities in coastal environments: A pathways approach: Oceanography, v. 25, no. 2, p. 170-183, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2012.53.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"170","endPage":"183","ipdsId":"IP-035196","costCenters":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474497,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2012.53","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345400,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a92040e4b07e1a023ccda3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koski, Randolph A. rkoski@usgs.gov","contributorId":2949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koski","given":"Randolph","email":"rkoski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":709235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70188331,"text":"70188331 - 2012 - Estimations of evapotranspiration and water balance with uncertainty over the Yukon River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-06T13:53:53","indexId":"70188331","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3721,"text":"Water Resources Management","onlineIssn":"1573-1650","printIssn":"0920-4741","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimations of evapotranspiration and water balance with uncertainty over the Yukon River Basin","docAbstract":"<p><span>In this study, the revised Remote Sensing-Penman Monteith model (RS-PM) was used to scale up evapotranspiration (ET) over the entire Yukon River Basin (YRB) from three eddy covariance (EC) towers covering major vegetation types. We determined model parameters and uncertainty using a Bayesian-based method in the three EC sites. The 95&nbsp;% confidence interval for the aggregate ecosystem ET ranged from 233 to 396&nbsp;mm&nbsp;yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span> with an average of 319&nbsp;mm&nbsp;yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. The mean difference between precipitation and evapotranspiration (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">W</i><span>) was 171&nbsp;mm&nbsp;yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span> with a 95&nbsp;% confidence interval of 94–257&nbsp;mm&nbsp;yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. The YRB region showed a slight increasing trend in annual precipitation for the 1982–2009 time period, while ET showed a significant increasing trend of 6.6&nbsp;mm decade</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. As a whole, annual </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">W</i><span> showed a drying trend over YRB region.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11269-012-0007-3","usgsCitation":"Yuan, W., Liu, S., Liang, S., Tan, Z., Liu, H., and Young, C., 2012, Estimations of evapotranspiration and water balance with uncertainty over the Yukon River Basin: Water Resources Management, v. 26, no. 8, p. 2147-2157, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-012-0007-3.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2147","endPage":"2157","ipdsId":"IP-022996","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342158,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -165.76171875,\n              60.56537850464181\n            ],\n            [\n              -134.5166015625,\n              60.56537850464181\n            ],\n            [\n              -134.5166015625,\n              68.67254350285471\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.76171875,\n              68.67254350285471\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.76171875,\n              60.56537850464181\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5937bf30e4b0f6c2d0d9c7a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yuan, Wenping","contributorId":83435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuan","given":"Wenping","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Shuguang 0000-0002-6027-3479 sliu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-3479","contributorId":147403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Shuguang","email":"sliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liang, Shunlin","contributorId":192428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liang","given":"Shunlin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tan, Zhengxi 0000-0002-4136-0921 ztan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4136-0921","contributorId":2945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tan","given":"Zhengxi","email":"ztan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liu, Heping","contributorId":117909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Heping","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Young, Claudia 0000-0002-0859-7206 claudia.young.ctr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0859-7206","contributorId":192026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Claudia","email":"claudia.young.ctr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037976,"text":"70037976 - 2012 - Modeling radium distribution in coastal aquifers during sea level changes: The Dead Sea case","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-06T01:01:36","indexId":"70037976","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-31T12:13:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling radium distribution in coastal aquifers during sea level changes: The Dead Sea case","docAbstract":"We present a new approach to studying the behavior of radium isotopes in a coastal aquifer. In order to simulate radium isotope distributions in the dynamic flow field of the Dead Sea aquifer, a multi-species density dependent flow model (SUTRA-MS) was used. Field data show that the activity of <sup>226</sup>Ra decreases from 140 to 60 dpm/L upon entering the aquifer from the Dead Sea, and then further decreases linearly due to mixing with Ra-poor fresh water. On the other hand, an increase is observed in the activity of the shorter-lived isotopes (up to 52 dpm/L <sup>224</sup>Ra and 31 dpm/L <sup>223</sup>Ra), which are relatively low in Dead Sea water (up to 2.5 dpm/L <sup>224</sup>Ra and 0.5 dpm/L <sup>223</sup>Ra). The activities of the short lived radium isotopes also decrease with decreasing salinity, which is due to the effect of salinity on the adsorption of radium. The relationship between <sup>224</sup>Ra and salinity suggests that the adsorption partition coefficient (<i>K</i>) is linearly related to salinity. Simulations of the steady-state conditions, show that the distance where equilibrium activity is attained for each radium isotope is affected by the isotope half-life, <i>K</i> and the groundwater velocity, resulting in a longer distance for the long-lived radium isotopes. <i>K</i> affects the radium distribution in transient conditions, especially that of the long-lived radium isotopes. The transient conditions in the Dead Sea system, with a 1 m/yr lake level drop, together with the radium field data, constrains <i>K</i> to be relatively low (<10). Thus, the sharp decrease in <sup>226</sup>Ra cannot be explained by adsorption, and it is better explained by removal via coprecipitation, probably with barite or celestine.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2012.03.022","usgsCitation":"Kiro, Y., Yechieli, Y., Voss, C.I., Starinsky, A., and Weinstein, Y., 2012, Modeling radium distribution in coastal aquifers during sea level changes: The Dead Sea case: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 88, p. 237-254, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.03.022.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"254","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257213,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.03.022","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":257226,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Isreal","otherGeospatial":"Dead Sea","volume":"88","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c20e4b0c8380cd6fa5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kiro, Yael","contributorId":88996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiro","given":"Yael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yechieli, Yoseph","contributorId":95320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yechieli","given":"Yoseph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Starinsky, Abraham","contributorId":98988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starinsky","given":"Abraham","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weinstein, Yishai","contributorId":44404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weinstein","given":"Yishai","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70007502,"text":"70007502 - 2012 - Microbial transformations of arsenic: Mobilization from glauconitic sediments to water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-06T01:01:36","indexId":"70007502","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-31T11:29:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microbial transformations of arsenic: Mobilization from glauconitic sediments to water","docAbstract":"In the Inner Coastal Plain of New Jersey, arsenic (As) is released from glauconitic sediment to carbon- and nutrient-rich shallow groundwater. This As-rich groundwater discharges to a major area stream. We hypothesize that microbes play an active role in the mobilization of As from glauconitic subsurface sediments into groundwater in the Inner Coastal Plain of New Jersey. We have examined the potential impact of microbial activity on the mobilization of arsenic from subsurface sediments into the groundwater at a site on Crosswicks Creek in southern New Jersey. The As contents of sediments 33&ndash;90 cm below the streambed were found to range from 15 to 26.4 mg/kg, with siderite forming at depth. Groundwater beneath the streambed contains As at concentrations up to 89 &mu;g/L. Microcosms developed from site sediments released 23 &mu;g/L of As, and active microbial reduction of As(V) was observed in microcosms developed from site groundwater. DNA extracted from site sediments was amplified with primers for the 16S rRNA gene and the arsenate respiratory reductase gene, <i>arrA</i>, and indicated the presence of a diverse anaerobic microbial community, as well as the presence of potential arsenic-reducing bacteria. In addition, high iron (Fe) concentrations in groundwater and the presence of iron-reducing microbial genera suggests that Fe reduction in minerals may provide an additional mechanism for release of associated As, while arsenic-reducing microorganisms may serve to enhance the mobility of As in groundwater at this site.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2012.02.044","usgsCitation":"Mumford, A., Barringer, J., Benzel, W., Reilly, P.A., and Young, L., 2012, Microbial transformations of arsenic: Mobilization from glauconitic sediments to water: Water Research, v. 46, no. 9, p. 2859-2868, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2012.02.044.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2859","endPage":"2868","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257221,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257210,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2012.02.044","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","volume":"46","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5661e4b0c8380cd6d564","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mumford, Adam C.","contributorId":27307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mumford","given":"Adam C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barringer, Julia L.","contributorId":59419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barringer","given":"Julia L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benzel, William 0000-0002-4085-1876 wbenzel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4085-1876","contributorId":3594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benzel","given":"William","email":"wbenzel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reilly, Pamela A. 0000-0002-2937-4490 jankowsk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2937-4490","contributorId":653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"Pamela","email":"jankowsk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Young, L.Y.","contributorId":76547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"L.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70007202,"text":"70007202 - 2012 - Mapping socio-environmentally vulnerable populations access and exposure to ecosystem services at the U.S.-Mexico borderlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-06T01:01:36","indexId":"70007202","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-31T09:59:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":836,"text":"Applied Geography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping socio-environmentally vulnerable populations access and exposure to ecosystem services at the U.S.-Mexico borderlands","docAbstract":"Socio-environmental vulnerable populations are often unrepresented in land-use planning yet have great potential for loss when exposed to changes in ecosystem services. Administrative boundaries, cultural differences, and language barriers increase the disassociation between land-use management and marginalized populations living in the U.S.&ndash;Mexico borderlands. This paper describes the development of a Modified Socio-Environmental Vulnerability Index (M-SEVI), using determinants from binational census and neighborhood data that describe levels of education, access to resources, migratory status, housing, and number of dependents, to provide a simplified snapshot of the region's populace that can be used in binational planning efforts. We apply this index at the SCW, located on the border between Arizona, USA and Sonora, Mexico. For comparison, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool is concurrently applied to assess the provision of erosion- and flood control services over a 9-year period. We describe how this coupling of data can form the base for an ecosystem services assessment across political boundaries that can be used by land-use planners. Results reveal potential disparities in environmental risks and burdens throughout the binational watershed in residential districts surrounding and between urban centers. The M-SEVI can be used as an important first step in addressing environmental justice for binational decision-making.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2012.01.006","usgsCitation":"Norman, L.M., Villarreal, M., Lara-Valencia, F., Yuan, Y., Nie, W., Wilson, S., Amaya, G., and Sleeter, R., 2012, Mapping socio-environmentally vulnerable populations access and exposure to ecosystem services at the U.S.-Mexico borderlands: Applied Geography, v. 34, p. 413-424, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2012.01.006.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"413","endPage":"424","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257198,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2012.01.006","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":257224,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States;Mexico","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Sonora","volume":"34","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5074e4b0c8380cd6b6ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norman, Laura M. 0000-0002-3696-8406 lnorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-8406","contributorId":967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Laura","email":"lnorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Villarreal, Miguel L.","contributorId":107012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villarreal","given":"Miguel L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lara-Valencia, Francisco","contributorId":77409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lara-Valencia","given":"Francisco","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yuan, Yongping","contributorId":75799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuan","given":"Yongping","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nie, Wenming","contributorId":7126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nie","given":"Wenming","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wilson, Sylvia","contributorId":105160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Sylvia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Amaya, Gladys","contributorId":86212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amaya","given":"Gladys","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sleeter, Rachel 0000-0003-3477-0436 rsleeter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3477-0436","contributorId":666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Rachel","email":"rsleeter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70003329,"text":"70003329 - 2012 - Development and evaluation of a boat-mounted RFID antenna for monitoring freshwater mussels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-01T01:01:40","indexId":"70003329","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development and evaluation of a boat-mounted RFID antenna for monitoring freshwater mussels","docAbstract":"Development of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology and passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags has substantially increased the ability of researchers and managers to monitor populations of aquatic organisms. However, use of transportable RFID antenna systems (i.e., backpack-mounted) is currently limited to wadeable aquatic environments (<1.4 m water depth). We describe the design, construction, and evaluation of a boat-mounted RFID antenna to detect individually PIT-tagged benthic aquatic organisms (mussels). We evaluated the effects of tag orientation on detection distances in water with a 32-mm half-duplex PIT tag. Detection distances up to 50 cm from the antenna coils were obtained, but detection distance was dependent on tag orientation. We also evaluated detection distance of PIT tags beneath the sediment to simulate detection of burrowing mussels with 23- and 32-mm tags. In sand substrate, the maximum detection distance varied from 3.5 cm and 4.5 cm (vertical tag orientation) to 24.7 cm and 39.4 cm (45&deg; tag orientation) for the 23- and 32-mm PIT tags, respectively. Our results suggest a 1.4-m total detection width for tagged mussels on the substrate surface by the boat-mounted antenna system regardless of tag orientation. However, burrowed mussels may require multiple passes to increase detection that would be influenced by depth, tag orientation, and tag size. Construction of the boat-mounted antenna was relatively low in cost (<500 USD) and had several advantages (less labor and time intensive, increased safety) over traditional mussel sampling techniques (diving, snorkeling) in nonwadeable habitats.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Freshwater Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Society for Freshwater Science","publisherLocation":"http://www.freshwater-science.org/","doi":"10.1899/11-045.1","usgsCitation":"Fischer, J., Neebling, T.E., and Quist, M.C., 2012, Development and evaluation of a boat-mounted RFID antenna for monitoring freshwater mussels: Freshwater Science, v. 31, no. 1, p. 148-153, https://doi.org/10.1899/11-045.1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"148","endPage":"153","costCenters":[{"id":342,"text":"Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257089,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257088,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1899/11-045.1"}],"volume":"31","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a001fe4b0c8380cd4f5d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fischer, Jesse R.","contributorId":86618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"Jesse R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neebling, Travis E.","contributorId":76175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neebling","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. mquist@usgs.gov","contributorId":4042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","email":"mquist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":350,"text":"Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":346908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70005708,"text":"70005708 - 2012 - Preferential flow occurs in unsaturated conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-01T01:01:40","indexId":"70005708","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preferential flow occurs in unsaturated conditions","docAbstract":"Because it commonly generates high-speed, high-volume flow with minimal exposure to solid earth materials, preferential flow in the unsaturated zone is a dominant influence in many problems of infiltration, recharge, contaminant transport, and ecohydrology. By definition, preferential flow occurs in a portion of a medium &ndash; that is, a preferred part, whether a pathway, pore, or macroscopic subvolume. There are many possible classification schemes, but usual consideration of preferential flow includes macropore or fracture flow, funneled flow determined by macroscale heterogeneities, and fingered flow determined by hydraulic instability rather than intrinsic heterogeneity. That preferential flow is spatially concentrated associates it with other characteristics that are typical, although not defining: it tends to be unusually fast, to transport high fluxes, and to occur with hydraulic disequilibrium within the medium. It also has a tendency to occur in association with large conduits and high water content, although these are less universal than is commonly assumed. Predictive unsaturated-zone flow models in common use employ several different criteria for when and where preferential flow occurs, almost always requiring a nearly saturated medium. A threshold to be exceeded may be specified in terms of the following (i) water content; (ii) matric potential, typically a value high enough to cause capillary filling in a macropore of minimum size; (iii) infiltration capacity or other indication of incipient surface ponding; or (iv) other conditions related to total filling of certain pores. Yet preferential flow does occur without meeting these criteria. My purpose in this commentary is to point out important exceptions and implications of ignoring them. Some of these pertain mainly to macropore flow, others to fingered or funneled flow, and others to combined or undifferentiated flow modes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1002/hyp.8380","usgsCitation":"Nimmo, J.R., 2012, Preferential flow occurs in unsaturated conditions: Hydrological Processes, v. 26, no. 5, p. 786-789, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8380.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"786","endPage":"789","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257090,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257084,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8380","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"26","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a821fe4b0c8380cd7b905","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70038437,"text":"ofr20121082 - 2012 - Assessment of soil-gas contamination at three former fuel-dispensing sites, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2010&mdash;2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-01T01:01:41","indexId":"ofr20121082","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1082","title":"Assessment of soil-gas contamination at three former fuel-dispensing sites, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2010&mdash;2011","docAbstract":"Soil gas was assessed for contaminants at three former fuel-dispensing sites at Fort Gordon, Georgia, from October 2010 to September 2011. The assessment included delineation of organic contaminants using soil-gas samplers collected from the former fuel-dispensing sites at 8th Street, Chamberlain Avenue, and 12th Street. This assessment was conducted to provide environmental contamination data to Fort Gordon personnel pursuant to requirements for the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Part B Hazardous Waste Permit process. Soil-gas samplers installed and retrieved during June and August 2011 at the 8th Street site had detections above the method detection level (MDL) for the mass of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), benzene, toluene, ortho-xylene, undecane, tridecane, pentadecane, and chloroform. Total petroleum hydrocarbons soil-gas mass exceeded the MDL of 0.02 microgram in 54 of the 55 soil-gas samplers. The highest detection of TPH soil-gas mass was 146.10 micrograms, located in the central part of the site. Benzene mass exceeded the MDL of 0.01 microgram in 23 soil-gas samplers, whereas toluene was detected in only 10 soil-gas samplers. Ortho-xylene was detected above the MDL in only one soil-gas sampler. The highest soil-gas mass detected for undecane, tridecane, and pentadecane was located in the northeastern corner of the 8th Street site. Chloroform mass greater than the MDL of 0.01 microgram was detected in less than one-third of the soil-gas samplers. Soil-gas masses above the MDL were identified for TPH, gasoline-related compounds, diesel-range alkanes, trimethylbenzenes, naphthalene, 2-methyl-napthalene, octane, and tetrachloroethylene for the July 2011 soil-gas survey at the Chamberlain Avenue site. All 30 of the soil-gas samplers contained TPH mass above the MDL. The highest detection of TPH mass, 426.36 micrograms, was for a soil-gas sampler located near the northern boundary of the site. Gasoline-related compounds and diesel-range alkanes were detected in multiple soil-gas samplers, and the highest detections of these compounds were located near the central part of the site near existing, nonoperational, fuel-dispensing pumps. Trimethylbenzenes were detected in less than half of the soil-gas samplers. Naphthalene soil-gas mass was detected above the MDL in 10 soil-gas samplers, whereas 2-methyl-napthalene was detected above the MDL in half of the soil-gas samplers. Octane mass was detected above the MDL in one soil-gas sampler located near the central part of the site. Tetrachloroethylene soil-gas mass was detected above the MDL in more than half of the soil-gas samplers, and the highest tetrachloroethylene soil-gas mass of 0.90 microgram was located in the northeastern part of the site. Soil-gas samplers collected at the 12th Street site during July 2011 contained soil-gas mass above the MDL for TPH, toluene, undecane, tridecane, and pentadecane (diesel-range alkanes), trichloroethylene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, chloroform, and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene. The highest detected TPH mass was 24.37 micrograms in a soil-gas sampler located in the northern part of the site. The highest detection of toluene soil-gas mass was from a soil-gas sampler located near the southern boundary of the site. The diesel-range alkanes were detected above the MDL in five soil-gas samplers; the highest detection of soil-gas diesel mass, 0.65 microgram, was located in the southern part of the site. Trichloroethylene and 1,4-dichlorobenzene were detected above the MDL in the northern part of the site in one soil-gas sampler that also had one of the highest detections of TPH. Chloroform was detected above the MDL in three soil-gas samplers, whereas 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene soil-gas mass was detected above the MDL in two soil-gas samplers.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121082","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army Environmental and Natural Resources Management Office of the U.S. Army Signal Center and Fort Gordon","usgsCitation":"Caldwell, A.W., Falls, W.F., Guimaraes, W.B., Ratliff, W.H., Wellborn, J.B., and Landmeyer, J., 2012, Assessment of soil-gas contamination at three former fuel-dispensing sites, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2010&mdash;2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1082, v, 7 p.; Figures; Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121082.","productDescription":"v, 7 p.; Figures; Tables","startPage":"i","endPage":"37","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-10-01","temporalEnd":"2011-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1082.jpg"},{"id":257044,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1082/pdf/2012-1082.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":257043,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1082/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Fort Gordon","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee59e4b0c8380cd49cf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caldwell, Andral W. 0000-0003-1269-5463 acaldwel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-5463","contributorId":3228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Andral","email":"acaldwel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Falls, W. Fred 0000-0003-2928-9795 wffalls@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2928-9795","contributorId":107754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falls","given":"W.","email":"wffalls@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Fred","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guimaraes, Wladmir B. wbguimar@usgs.gov","contributorId":3818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guimaraes","given":"Wladmir","email":"wbguimar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ratliff, W. Hagan","contributorId":60347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratliff","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Hagan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wellborn, John B.","contributorId":24822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wellborn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Landmeyer, James 0000-0002-5640-3816 jlandmey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5640-3816","contributorId":3257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"James","email":"jlandmey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70038436,"text":"fs20113038 - 2012 - Sound data management as a foundation for natural resources management and science","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-08T08:58:55","indexId":"fs20113038","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3038","title":"Sound data management as a foundation for natural resources management and science","docAbstract":"<p>Effective decision making is closely related to the quality and completeness of available data and information. Data management helps to ensure data quality in any discipline and supports decision making. Managing data as a long-term scientific asset helps to ensure that data will be usable beyond the original intended application. Emerging issues in water-resources management and climate variability require the ability to analyze change in the conditions of natural resources over time. The availability of quality, well-managed, and documented data from the past and present helps support this requirement.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113038","usgsCitation":"Burley, T.E., 2012, Sound data management as a foundation for natural resources management and science: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3038, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113038.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3038.gif"},{"id":257041,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3038","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":257042,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3038/pdf/fs2011-3038.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9315e4b08c986b31a2a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burley, Thomas E. 0000-0002-2235-8092 teburley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2235-8092","contributorId":3499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burley","given":"Thomas","email":"teburley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70038438,"text":"sir20125035 - 2012 - Invertebrate response to changes in streamflow hydraulics in two urban areas in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-01T01:01:40","indexId":"sir20125035","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5035","title":"Invertebrate response to changes in streamflow hydraulics in two urban areas in the United States","docAbstract":"Stream hydrology is foundational to aquatic ecosystems and has been shown to be a structuring element for fish and invertebrates. The relations among urbanization, hydraulics, and invertebrate communities were investigated by the U.S. Geological Survey, National Water-Quality Assessment Program by using measures of stream hydraulics in two areas of the United States. Specifically, the hypothesis that the effects of urbanization on streamflow and aquatic biota are transferable across geographic regions was tested. Data from sites in Raleigh, North Carolina, and Milwaukee&ndash;Green Bay, Wisconsin, were compared and indicate that increasing urbanization has an effect on hydraulic characteristics (Reynolds number, shear stress, and stream power for example) in each metropolitan area, though limited commonality of significant correlations was noted between areas. Correspondence of significant correlations between invertebrate and hydraulic metrics between study areas also was limited. The links between urbanization, hydraulics, and invertebrates could be seen only in the Raleigh data. Connections among these three elements in the Milwaukee&ndash;Green Bay data were not clear and likely were obscured by antecedent land cover. Observed biotic differences due to hydrology and urbanization characteristics are not similar between geographic regions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125035","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Knight, R., and Cuffney, T.F., 2012, Invertebrate response to changes in streamflow hydraulics in two urban areas in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5035, vi, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125035.","productDescription":"vi, 19 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257056,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5035.jpg"},{"id":257045,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5035/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":257046,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5035/pdf/2012-5035.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3e60e4b0c8380cd63d16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knight, Rodney R. rrknight@usgs.gov","contributorId":2272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Rodney R.","email":"rrknight@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":464137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cuffney, Thomas F. 0000-0003-1164-5560 tcuffney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1164-5560","contributorId":517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuffney","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuffney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70038439,"text":"sir20125070 - 2012 - Representation of regional urban development conditions using a watershed-based gradient study design","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T16:30:50","indexId":"sir20125070","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5070","title":"Representation of regional urban development conditions using a watershed-based gradient study design","docAbstract":"As part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program, the effects of urbanization on stream ecosystems (EUSE) have been intensively investigated in nine metropolitan areas in the United States, including Boston, Massachusetts; Atlanta, Georgia; Birmingham, Alabama; Raleigh, North Carolina; Salt Lake City, Utah; Denver, Colorado; Dallas&ndash;Fort Worth, Texas; Portland, Oregon; and Milwaukee&ndash;Green Bay, Wisconsin. Each of the EUSE study area watersheds was associated with one ecological region of the United States. This report evaluates whether each metropolitan area can be generalized across the ecological regions (ecoregions) within which the EUSE study watersheds are located. Seven characteristics of the EUSE watersheds that affect stream ecosystems were examined to determine the similarities in the same seven characteristics of the watersheds in the entire ecoregion. Land cover (percentage developed, forest and shrubland, and herbaceous and cultivated classes), average annual temperature, average annual precipitation, average surface elevation, and average percentage slope were selected as human-influenced, climate, and topography characteristics. Three findings emerged from this comparison that have implications for the use of EUSE data in models used to predict stream ecosystem condition. One is that the predominant or \"background\" land-cover type (either forested or agricultural land) in each ecoregion also is the predominant land-cover type within the associated EUSE study watersheds. The second finding is that in all EUSE study areas, the watersheds account for the range of developed land conditions that exist in the corresponding ecoregion watersheds. However, six of the nine EUSE study area watersheds have significantly different distributions of developed land from the ecoregion watersheds. Finally, in seven of the nine EUSE/ecoregion comparisons, the distributions of the values of climate variables in the EUSE watersheds are different from the distributions for watersheds in the corresponding ecoregions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125070","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Terziotti, S., McMahon, G., and Bell, A.H., 2012, Representation of regional urban development conditions using a watershed-based gradient study design: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5070, viii, 91 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125070.","productDescription":"viii, 91 p.; Appendix","startPage":"i","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"117","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science 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States\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa880e4b0c8380cd85943","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Terziotti, Silvia 0000-0003-3559-5844 seterzio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3559-5844","contributorId":1613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terziotti","given":"Silvia","email":"seterzio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McMahon, Gerard 0000-0001-7675-777X gmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7675-777X","contributorId":191488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Gerard","email":"gmcmahon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bell, Amanda H. 0000-0002-7199-2145 ahbell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7199-2145","contributorId":1752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"Amanda","email":"ahbell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70038440,"text":"sir20125091 - 2012 - Reconnaissance of land-use sources of pesticides in drinking water, McKenzie River, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-05T01:01:48","indexId":"sir20125091","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5091","title":"Reconnaissance of land-use sources of pesticides in drinking water, McKenzie River, Oregon","docAbstract":"The Eugene Water and Electric Board (EWEB) provides water and electricity to the City of Eugene, Oregon, from the McKenzie River. In the spring of 2002, EWEB initiated a pesticide monitoring program in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey as part of their Drinking Water Source Protection Plan. Approximately twice yearly pesticide samples were collected from 2002 to 2010 at a suite of sampling sites representing varying land uses in the lower McKenzie River basin. A total of 117 ambient samples were collected from 28 tributary and mainstem sites, including those dominated by forestry, urban, and agricultural activities, as well as the mouths of major tributaries characterized by a mixture of upstream land use. Constituents tested included 175 compounds in filtered water (72 herbicides, 43 insecticides, 10 fungicides, and 36 of their degradation products, as well as 14 pharmaceutical compounds). No attempt was made to sample different site types equivalently; sampling was instead designed primarily to characterize representative storm events during spring and fall runoff conditions in order to assess or confirm the perceived importance of the different site types as sources for pesticides. Sampling was especially limited for agricultural sites, which were only sampled during two spring storm surveys. A total of 43 compounds were detected at least once, with many of these detected only at low concentrations (<0.1 micrograms per liter). Nine compounds were detected at the drinking- water intake, and most of these were reported as estimates less than the laboratory reporting level. Human-health benchmark concentrations were consistently several orders of magnitude higher than detected concentrations at the intake, indicating that pesticide concentrations present a negligible threat to human health. The largest number of pesticide detections occurred during spring storm surveys and primarily were associated with urban stormwater drains. Urban sites also were associated with the highest concentrations, occasionally exceeding 1 microgram per liter. Many of the compounds detected at urban sites were relatively hydrophobic (do not mix easily with water), persistent, and suspected of endocrine disruption. In contrast, forestry compounds were rarely detectable in the McKenzie River, even though forest land predominates in the basin and forestry pesticide use was detected in small tributaries draining forested lands following application. Agricultural pesticide runoff was not well characterized by the limited data available, although a large number of compounds was estimated to be used in the basin and concentrations were moderately high in the few samples collected from small tributaries draining agricultural lands. Results from this analysis indicate that urban pesticide use is potentially an important source for pesticides of concern for drinking water, not limited exclusively to storm conditions. Forestry pesticide use is not considered a likely threat to drinking water quality at the present time (2012). A more complete understanding of agricultural chemicals in runoff in the McKenzie River basin requires further investigation. In addition to evaluating the data collected in this study, a conceptual model describing pesticide contamination in the McKenzie River basin is provided, based on current scientific understanding that is consistent with the data analysis presented in this report. This model is intended to provide a foundation for future monitoring in the basin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125091","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Eugene Water and Electric Board","usgsCitation":"Kelly, V.J., Anderson, C., and Morgenstern, K., 2012, Reconnaissance of land-use sources of pesticides in drinking water, McKenzie River, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5091, vi, 38 p.; Appendices; PDF Download of Appendix B, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125091.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p.; Appendices; PDF Download of Appendix B","startPage":"i","endPage":"46","numberOfPages":"52","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257054,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5091.jpg"},{"id":257049,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5091/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":257050,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5091/pdf/sir20125091.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Mckenzie River Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a98ade4b0c8380cd82b45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelly, Valerie J. vjkelly@usgs.gov","contributorId":4161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Valerie","email":"vjkelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Chauncey W. 0000-0002-1016-3781 chauncey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1016-3781","contributorId":1151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Chauncey W.","email":"chauncey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":464141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morgenstern, Karl","contributorId":57716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgenstern","given":"Karl","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70038442,"text":"ofr20121101 - 2012 - Dissolved oxygen analysis, TMDL model comparison, and particulate matter shunting&mdash;Preliminary results from three model scenarios for the Klamath River upstream of Keno Dam, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-01T01:01:40","indexId":"ofr20121101","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1101","title":"Dissolved oxygen analysis, TMDL model comparison, and particulate matter shunting&mdash;Preliminary results from three model scenarios for the Klamath River upstream of Keno Dam, Oregon","docAbstract":"Efforts are underway to identify actions that would improve water quality in the Link River to Keno Dam reach of the Upper Klamath River in south-central Oregon. To provide further insight into water-quality improvement options, three scenarios were developed, run, and analyzed using previously calibrated CE-QUAL-W2 hydrodynamic and water-quality models. Additional scenarios are under development as part of this ongoing study. Most of these scenarios evaluate changes relative to a \"current conditions\" model, but in some cases a \"natural conditions\" model was used that simulated the reach without the effect of point and nonpoint sources and set Upper Klamath Lake at its Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) targets. These scenarios were simulated using a model developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Watercourse Engineering, Inc. for the years 2006&ndash;09, referred to here as the \"USGS model.\" Another model of the reach was developed by Tetra Tech, Inc. for years 2000 and 2002 to support the Klamath River TMDL process; that model is referred to here as the \"TMDL model.\" The three scenarios described in this report included (1) an analysis of whether this reach of the Upper Klamath River would be in compliance with dissolved oxygen standards if sources met TMDL allocations, (2) an application of more recent datasets to the TMDL model with comparison to results from the USGS model, and (3) an examination of the effect on dissolved oxygen in the Klamath River if particulate material were stopped from entering Klamath Project diversion canals. Updates and modifications to the USGS model are in progress, so in the future these scenarios will be reanalyzed with the updated model and the interim results presented here will be superseded. Significant findings from this phase of the investigation include: * The TMDL analysis used depth-averaged dissolved oxygen concentrations from model output for comparison with dissolved oxygen standards. The Oregon dissolved oxygen standards do not specify whether the numeric criteria are based on depth-averaged dissolved oxygen concentration; this was an interpretation of the standards rule by the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (ODEQ). In this study, both depth-averaged and volume-averaged dissolved oxygen concentrations were calculated from model output. Results showed that modeled depth-averaged concentrations typically were lower than volume-averaged dissolved oxygen concentrations because depth-averaging gives a higher weight to small volume areas near the channel bottom that often have lower dissolved oxygen concentrations. Results from model scenarios in this study are reported using volume-averaged dissolved oxygen concentrations. * Under all scenarios analyzed, violations of the dissolved oxygen standard occurred most often in summer. Of the three dissolved oxygen criteria that must be met, the 30-day standard was violated most frequently. Under the base case (current conditions), fewer violations occurred in the upstream part of the reach. More violations occurred in the down-stream direction, due in part to oxygen demand from the decay of algae and organic matter from Link River and other inflows. * A condition in which Upper Klamath Lake and its Link River outflow achieved Upper Klamath Lake TMDL water-quality targets was most effective in reducing the number of violations of the dissolved oxygen standard in the Link River to Keno Dam reach of the Klamath River. The condition in which point and nonpoint sources within the Link River to Keno Dam reach met Klamath River TMDL allocations had no effect on dissolved oxygen compliance in some locations and a small effect in others under current conditions. On the other hand, meeting TMDL allocations for nonpoint and point sources was predicted to be important in meeting dissolved oxygen criteria when Upper Klamath Lake and Link River also met Upper Klamath TMDL water-quality targets. * The location of greatest dissolved oxygen improvement from nutrient and organic matter reductions was downstream from point and nonpoint source inflows because time and distance are required for decay to occur and for oxygen demand to be exerted. * After assessing compliance with dissolved oxygen standards at all 102 model segments in the Link River to Keno Dam reach, it was determined that the seven locations used by ODEQ appear to be a representative subset of the reach for dissolved oxygen analysis. * The USGS and TMDL models were qualitatively compared by running both models for the 2006&ndash;09 period but preserving the essential characteristics of each, such as organic matter partitioning, bathymetric representation, and parameter rates. The analysis revealed that some constituents were not greatly affected by the differing algorithms, rates, and assumptions in the two models. Conversely, other constituents, especially organic matter, were simulated differently by the two models. Organic matter in this river system is best represented by a mixture of relatively labile particulate material and a substantial concentration of refractory dissolved material. In addition, the use of a first-order sediment oxygen demand, as in the USGS model, helps to capture the seasonal and dynamic effect of settled organic and algal material. * Simulation of shunting (diverting) particulate material away from the intake of four Klamath Project diversion canals, so that the material stayed in the river and out of the Project area, caused higher concentrations of particulate material to occur in the river. In all cases modeled, the increase in in-river particulate material also produced decreased dissolved oxygen concentrations and an increase in the number of days when dissolved oxygen standards were violated. * If particulate material were shunted back into the river at the Klamath Project diversion canals, less organic matter and nutrients would be taken into the Klamath Project area and the Lost River basin, resulting in return flows to the Klamath River via Lost River Diversion Channel that may have reduced nutrient concentrations. Model scenarios bracketing potential end-member nutrient concentrations showed that the composition of the return flows had little to no effect on dissolved oxygen compliance under simulated conditions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121101","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, A.B., Rounds, S.A., Deas, M., and Sogutlugil, I.E., 2012, Dissolved oxygen analysis, TMDL model comparison, and particulate matter shunting&mdash;Preliminary results from three model scenarios for the Klamath River upstream of Keno Dam, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1101, v, 28; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121101.","productDescription":"v, 28; Appendix","startPage":"i","endPage":"30","numberOfPages":"35","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1101.bmp"},{"id":257060,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1101/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":257061,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1101/pdf/ofr20121101.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Klamath River;Keno Dam","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a023be4b0c8380cd4ff67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sullivan, Annett B. 0000-0001-7783-3906 annett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7783-3906","contributorId":56317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Annett","email":"annett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rounds, Stewart A. 0000-0002-8540-2206 sarounds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8540-2206","contributorId":905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rounds","given":"Stewart","email":"sarounds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deas, Michael L.","contributorId":98830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deas","given":"Michael L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sogutlugil, I. Ertugrul","contributorId":50277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sogutlugil","given":"I.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ertugrul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70038443,"text":"sir20125069 - 2012 - Spatial and temporal dynamics of cyanotoxins and their relation to other water quality variables in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2007-09","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-02T09:07:15","indexId":"sir20125069","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5069","title":"Spatial and temporal dynamics of cyanotoxins and their relation to other water quality variables in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2007-09","docAbstract":"Phytoplankton blooms dominated by cyanobacteria that occur annually in hypereutrophic Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, produce microcystins at concentrations that may contribute to the decline in populations of endangered Lost River (<i>Deltistes luxatus</i>) and shortnose (<i>Chasmistes brevirostris</i>) suckers. During 2007&ndash;09, water samples were collected from Upper Klamath Lake to determine the presence and concentrations of microcystins and cylindrospermopsins and to relate the spatial and temporal occurrences of microcystins to water quality and other environmental variables. Samples were analyzed for intracellular (particulate) and extracellular (dissolved) microcystins and cylindrospermopsins using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Samples contained the highest and most variable concentrations of microcystins in 2009, the year in which an earlier and heavier <i>Aphanizomenon flos-aquae</i>-dominated phytoplankton bloom occurred. Concentrations were lowest in 2008 when the bloom was lighter, overall, and delayed by nearly 1 month. Microcystins occurred primarily in dissolved and large (> 63 &mu;m) particulate forms in all years of the study, and overall, concentrations were highest at MDT (the deepest site in the study) and HDB, although HDB was sampled only in 2007 and MDT was not sampled in 2008. Comparisons among daily median total microcystin concentrations; chlorophyll a concentrations; total, dissolved, and particulate nutrient concentrations; and nutrient ratios measured in 2009 and between 2007 and 2009 indicate that microcystin concentrations generally increase following the decline of the first <i>A. flos-aquae</i>-dominated bloom of each season in response to an increase in bioavailable nitrogen and phosphorus. Nitrogen fixation by <i>A. flos-aquae</i> early in the sample season appears to provide new nitrogen for growth of toxigenic <i>Microcystis aeruginosa</i>, whereas, later in the season, these species appear to co-exist. Understanding the ecological interactions between these species may be important for predicting periods of elevated cyanotoxin concentrations and has important implications for management of this lake.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125069","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Eldridge, S.L., Wood, T.M., and Echols, K.R., 2012, Spatial and temporal dynamics of cyanotoxins and their relation to other water quality variables in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2007-09: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5069, Report: vi, 32; Appendices; XLSX Downloads of Tables A1 and B1, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125069.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 32; Appendices; XLSX Downloads of Tables A1 and B1","numberOfPages":"40","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5069.jpg"},{"id":257064,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5069/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":257065,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5069/pdf/sir20125069.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath Lake","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9438e4b08c986b31a93b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eldridge, Sara L. Caldwell 0000-0001-8838-8940","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8838-8940","contributorId":26199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eldridge","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"L. Caldwell","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, Tamara M. 0000-0001-6057-8080 tmwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6057-8080","contributorId":1164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Tamara","email":"tmwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Echols, Kathy R. 0000-0003-2631-9143 kechols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2631-9143","contributorId":2799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Echols","given":"Kathy","email":"kechols@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70038444,"text":"70038444 - 2012 - Biological assessment of environmental flows for Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-09T01:01:37","indexId":"70038444","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1114","title":"Biological assessment of environmental flows for Oklahoma","docAbstract":"Large-scale patterns in fish assemblage structure and functional groups are influenced by alterations in streamflow regime. In this study, we defined an objective threshold for alteration for Oklahoma streams using a combination of the expected range of 27 flow indices and a discriminant analysis to predict flow regime group. We found that fish functional groups in reference flow conditions had species that were more intolerant to flow alterations and preferences for stream habitat and faster flowing water. In contrast, altered sites had more tolerant species that preferred lentic habitat and slower water velocity. Ordination graphs of the presence and functional groups of species revealed an underlying geographical pattern roughly conforming to ecoregions, although there was separation between reference and altered sites within the larger geographical framework. Additionally, we found that reservoir construction and operation significantly altered fish assemblages in two different systems, Bird Creek in central Oklahoma and the Kiamichi River in southeastern Oklahoma. The Bird Creek flow regime shifted from a historically intermittent stream to one with stable perennial flows, and changes in fish assemblage structure covaried with changes in all five components of the flow regime. In contrast, the Kiamichi River flow regime did not change significantly for most flow components despite shifts in fish assemblage structure; however, most of the species associated with shifts in assemblage structure in the Kiamichi River system were characteristic of lentic environments and were likely related more to proximity of reservoirs in the drainage system than changes in flow. The spatial patterns in fish assemblage response to flow alteration, combined with different temporal responses of hydrology and fish assemblage structure at sites downstream of reservoirs, indicate that interactions between flow regime and aquatic biota vary depending on ecological setting. This supports the notion that regional variation in natural flow regimes could affect the development of flow recommendations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70038444","usgsCitation":"Fisher, W.L., Seilheimer, T.S., and Taylor, J.M., 2012, Biological assessment of environmental flows for Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1114, vi, 18 p.; Figures; Tables; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/70038444.","productDescription":"vi, 18 p.; Figures; Tables; Appendix","startPage":"i","endPage":"43","numberOfPages":"49","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":473,"text":"New York Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257071,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1114.gif"},{"id":257068,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1114/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":257069,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1114/pdf/ofr2012-1114_report_508.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f163e4b0c8380cd4ac29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, William L. wfisher@usgs.gov","contributorId":1229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"William","email":"wfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":464154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seilheimer, Titus S.","contributorId":50772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seilheimer","given":"Titus","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Jason M.","contributorId":100678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037871,"text":"70037871 - 2012 - Deposition and accumulation of airborne organic contaminants in Yosemite National Park, Calfornia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T20:08:57.691715","indexId":"70037871","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deposition and accumulation of airborne organic contaminants in Yosemite National Park, Calfornia","docAbstract":"<p><span>Deposition and accumulation of airborne organic contaminants in Yosemite National Park were examined by sampling atmospheric deposition, lichen, zooplankton, and lake sediment at different elevations. Passive samplers were deployed in high‐elevation lakes to estimate surface‐water concentrations. Detected compounds included current‐use pesticides chlorpyrifos, dacthal, and endosulfans and legacy compounds chlordane, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane‐related compounds, dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene, and polychlorinated biphenyls. Concentrations in snow were similar among sites and showed little variation with elevation. Endosulfan concentrations in summer rain appeared to coincide with application rates in the San Joaquin Valley. More than 70% of annual pesticide inputs from atmospheric deposition occurred during the winter, largely because most precipitation falls as snow. Endosulfan and chlordane concentrations in lichen increased with elevation, indicating that mountain cold‐trapping might be an important control on accumulation of these compounds. By contrast, chlorpyrifos concentrations were inversely correlated with elevation, indicating that distance from source areas was the dominant control. Sediment concentrations were inversely correlated with elevation, possibly because of the organic carbon content of sediments but also perhaps the greater mobility of organic contaminants at lower elevations. Surface‐water concentrations inferred from passive samplers were at sub–parts‐per‐trillion concentrations, indicating minimal exposure to aquatic organisms from the water column. Concentrations in sediment generally were low, except for dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane in Tenaya Lake, which exceeded sediment guidelines for protection of benthic organisms.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.1727","usgsCitation":"Mast, A.M., Alvarez, D., and Zaugg, S.D., 2012, Deposition and accumulation of airborne organic contaminants in Yosemite National Park, Calfornia: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 31, no. 3, p. 524-533, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.1727.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"524","endPage":"533","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381742,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Yosemite Naitonal Park;Sequoia National Park;Kings Canyon National Park;San Joaquin Valley;Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122,35.5 ], [ -122,38.5 ], [ -118,38.5 ], [ -118,35.5 ], [ -122,35.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"31","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059feb5e4b0c8380cd4eea2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mast, Alisa M.","contributorId":88598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"Alisa","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alvarez, David A.","contributorId":72755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"David A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zaugg, Steven D. sdzaugg@usgs.gov","contributorId":768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"Steven","email":"sdzaugg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":462920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70006212,"text":"70006212 - 2012 - The challenge of retarding erosion of island biodiversity through phytosanitary measures: An update on the case of <i>Puccinia psidii</i> in Hawai'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-15T10:12:22","indexId":"70006212","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-30T12:24:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2990,"text":"Pacific Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The challenge of retarding erosion of island biodiversity through phytosanitary measures: An update on the case of <i>Puccinia psidii</i> in Hawai'i","docAbstract":"Most rust fungi are highly host specific, but <i>Puccina psidii</i> has an extremely broad host range within Myrtaceae and gained notoriety with a host jump in its native Brazil from common guava (<i>Psidium guajava</i>) to commercial <i>Eucalyptus</i> plantations. When detected in Hawai&#699;i in April 2005, the first invasion outside the neotropics/subtropics, there was immediate concern for &#699;&#333;hi&#699;a (Metrosideros polymorpha). &#699;&#332;hi&#699;a composes 80% of native forest statewide, providing stable watersheds and habitat for most Hawaiian forest birds and plants. Within months, rust spores spread statewide on wind currents, but &#699;&#333;hi&#699;a was found to be only a minor host, showing very light damage. The primary host was nonnative rose apple (<i>Syzygium jambos</i>), severely affected at a landscape scale, but the epiphytotic subsided as rose apple was largely defoliated or killed within several years. The limited and stable host range in Hawai&#699;i (versus elsewhere) led the local conservation community to explore possibilities for excluding new genetic strains of <i>P. psidii</i>. Although national/international phytosanitary standards require strong scientific justification for regulations involving an infraspecific taxonomic level, hopes were buoyed when genetic studies showed no apparent genetic variation/evolution in Hawai&#699;i's rust strain. A sophisticated genetic study of <i>P. psidii</i> in its home range is near completion; genetic variation is substantial, and host species strongly influences rust population structure. To prevent introduction of new strains, the Hawai&#699;i Department of Agriculture is moving ahead with establishing stringent measures that restrict entry of Myrtaceae into Hawai&#699;i. Meanwhile, <i>P. psidii</i> poses a major threat to Myrtaceae biodiversity worldwide.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pacific Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Pacific Science Association","publisherLocation":"Honolulu, HI","doi":"10.2984/66.2.3","usgsCitation":"Loope, L.L., and Uchida, J.Y., 2012, The challenge of retarding erosion of island biodiversity through phytosanitary measures: An update on the case of <i>Puccinia psidii</i> in Hawai'i: Pacific Science, v. 66, no. 2, p. 127-139, https://doi.org/10.2984/66.2.3.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"139","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257155,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257148,"rank":100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2984/66.2.3","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","volume":"66","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baa12e4b08c986b3226ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loope, Lloyd L.","contributorId":107848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loope","given":"Lloyd","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":354070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Uchida, Janice Y.","contributorId":13083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uchida","given":"Janice","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70038430,"text":"sir20125045 - 2012 - Prioritizing pesticide compounds for analytical methods development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-31T01:01:41","indexId":"sir20125045","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5045","title":"Prioritizing pesticide compounds for analytical methods development","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has a periodic need to re-evaluate pesticide compounds in terms of priorities for inclusion in monitoring and studies and, thus, must also assess the current analytical capabilities for pesticide detection. To meet this need, a strategy has been developed to prioritize pesticides and degradates for analytical methods development. Screening procedures were developed to separately prioritize pesticide compounds in water and sediment. The procedures evaluate pesticide compounds in existing USGS analytical methods for water and sediment and compounds for which recent agricultural-use information was available. Measured occurrence (detection frequency and concentrations) in water and sediment, predicted concentrations in water and predicted likelihood of occurrence in sediment, potential toxicity to aquatic life or humans, and priorities of other agencies or organizations, regulatory or otherwise, were considered. Several existing strategies for prioritizing chemicals for various purposes were reviewed, including those that identify and prioritize persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic compounds, and those that determine candidates for future regulation of drinking-water contaminants. The systematic procedures developed and used in this study rely on concepts common to many previously established strategies. The evaluation of pesticide compounds resulted in the classification of compounds into three groups: Tier 1 for high priority compounds, Tier 2 for moderate priority compounds, and Tier 3 for low priority compounds. For water, a total of 247 pesticide compounds were classified as Tier 1 and, thus, are high priority for inclusion in analytical methods for monitoring and studies. Of these, about three-quarters are included in some USGS analytical method; however, many of these compounds are included on research methods that are expensive and for which there are few data on environmental samples. The remaining quarter of Tier 1 compounds are high priority as new analytes. The objective for analytical methods development is to design an integrated analytical strategy that includes as many of the Tier 1 pesticide compounds as possible in a relatively few, cost-effective methods. More than 60 percent of the Tier 1 compounds are high priority because they are anticipated to be present at concentrations approaching levels that could be of concern to human health or aquatic life in surface water or groundwater. An additional 17 percent of Tier 1 compounds were frequently detected in monitoring studies, but either were not measured at levels potentially relevant to humans or aquatic organisms, or do not have benchmarks available with which to compare concentrations. The remaining 21 percent are pesticide degradates that were included because their parent pesticides were in Tier 1. Tier 1 pesticide compounds for water span all major pesticide use groups and a diverse range of chemical classes, with herbicides and their degradates composing half of compounds. Many of the high priority pesticide compounds also are in several national regulatory programs for water, including those that are regulated in drinking water by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under the Safe Drinking Water Act and those that are on the latest Contaminant Candidate List. For sediment, a total of 175 pesticide compounds were classified as Tier 1 and, thus, are high priority for inclusion in analytical methods available for monitoring and studies. More than 60 percent of these compounds are included in some USGS analytical method; however, some are spread across several research methods that are expensive to perform, and monitoring data are not extensive for many compounds. The remaining Tier 1 compounds for sediment are high priority as new analytes. The objective for analytical methods development for sediment is to enhance an existing analytical method that currently includes nearly half of the pesticide compounds in Tier 1 by adding as many additional Tier 1 compounds as are analytically compatible. About 35 percent of the Tier 1 compounds for sediment are high priority on the basis of measured occurrence. A total of 74 compounds, or 42 percent, are high priority on the basis of predicted likelihood of occurrence according to physical-chemical properties, and either have potential toxicity to aquatic life, high pesticide useage, or both. The remaining 22 percent of Tier 1 pesticide compounds were either degradates of Tier 1 parent compounds or included for other reasons. As with water, the Tier 1 pesticide compounds for sediment are distributed across the major pesticide-use groups; insecticides and their degradates are the largest fraction, making up 45 percent of Tier 1. In contrast to water, organochlorines, at 17 percent, are the largest chemical class for Tier 1 in sediment, which is to be expected because there is continued widespread detection in sediments of persistent organochlorine pesticides and their degradates at concentrations high enough for potential effects on aquatic life. Compared to water, there are fewer available benchmarks with which to compare contaminant concentrations in sediment, but a total of 19 Tier 1 compounds have at least one sediment benchmark or screening value for aquatic organisms. Of the 175 compounds in Tier 1, 77 percent have high aquatic-life toxicity, as defined for this process. This evaluation of pesticides and degradates resulted in two lists of compounds that are priorities for USGS analytical methods development, one for water and one for sediment. These lists will be used as the basis for redesigning and enhancing USGS analytical capabilities for pesticides in order to capture as many high-priority pesticide compounds as possible using an economically feasible approach.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125045","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Norman, J.E., Kuivila, K., and Nowell, L.H., 2012, Prioritizing pesticide compounds for analytical methods development: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5045, xi, 74 p.; Appendices; Appendix 1 Excel Download, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125045.","productDescription":"xi, 74 p.; Appendices; Appendix 1 Excel Download","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257039,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5045.jpg"},{"id":257028,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5045/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8c74e4b0c8380cd7e6ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norman, Julia E. 0000-0002-2820-6225 jnorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2820-6225","contributorId":3832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Julia","email":"jnorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kuivila, Kathryn  0000-0001-7940-489X kkuivila@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-489X","contributorId":1367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"Kathryn ","email":"kkuivila@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":464108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nowell, Lisa H. 0000-0001-5417-7264 lhnowell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5417-7264","contributorId":490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowell","given":"Lisa","email":"lhnowell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70038434,"text":"ofr20121097 - 2012 - Surveillance for White-Nose Syndrome in the bat community at El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-02T09:58:27","indexId":"ofr20121097","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1097","title":"Surveillance for White-Nose Syndrome in the bat community at El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico, 2011","docAbstract":"From late winter to summer 2011, the U.S. Geological Survey Arid Lands Field Station conducted mist-netting efforts at El Malpais National Monument and on adjacent lands belonging to Bureau of Land Management and U.S. Forest Service to detect the occurrence of white-nose syndrome or causal fungal agent (Geomyces destructans). During this assessment, 421 bats belonging to 8 species were documented at El Malpais National Monument and adjacent lands. None of these captures showed evidence for the presence of white-nose syndrome or G. destructans, but it is possible that the subtle signs of some infections may not have been observed. Throughout the field efforts, Laguna de Juan Garcia was the only water source located on El Malpais National Monument and was netted on June 20 and 27, July 25, and August 2, 2011. During these dates, a total of 155 bats were captured, belonging to eight species including: <i>Corynorhinus townsendii</i> (Townsend's Big-Eared Bat), <i>Eptesicus fuscus</i> (Big Brown Bat), <i>Lasionycterics noctivagans</i> (Silver-Haired Bat), <i>Myotis ciliolabrum</i> (Small-Footed Myotis), <i>M. evotis</i> (Long-eared myotis), <i>M. thysanodes</i> (Fringed Myotis), <i>M. volans</i> (Long-Legged Myotis), and <i>Tadarida brasiliensis</i> (Brazilian Free-Tailed Bat). Overall, Laguna de Juan Garcia had the greatest number of captures (79 bats) during one night compared to the other sites netted on adjacent lands and had the greatest species diversity of 8 species netted, not including <i>Euderma maculatum</i> (Spotted Bat) that was detected by its audible calls as it flew overhead. Laguna de Juan Garcia is an important site to bats because of its accessibility by all known occurring species, including the less-maneuverable <i>T. brasiliensis</i> that is known to form large colonies in the park. Laguna de Juan Garcia is also important as a more permanent water source during drought conditions in the earlier part of the spring and summer, as observed in 2011.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121097","collaboration":"In cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Valdez, E.W., 2012, Surveillance for White-Nose Syndrome in the bat community at El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1097, iii, 19 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121097.","productDescription":"iii, 19 p.; Appendix","startPage":"i","endPage":"37","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257035,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1097.png"},{"id":257034,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1097/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"El Malpais National Monument","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba27ce4b08c986b31f746","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valdez, Ernest W. 0000-0002-7262-3069 ernie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7262-3069","contributorId":3600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valdez","given":"Ernest","email":"ernie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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