While mapping the American Falls region, we found evidence that contributes to the middle Pleistocene to Recent history of the Snake River, and indirectly to the history of overflow of Lake Bonneville. Middle Pleistocene to recent rocks in the valley are mainly lacustrine and fluvial silts and clays, with some sand, gravel, basalt, and a few thin tuff beds. The formation of terraces can be correlated with events both up- and downstream.
The Snake River was at least once, and possibly twice, dammed and diverted by eruptions of basalt, resulting in the formation of lakes and deposition of lacustrine beds. A rather flat-lying, thin, but persistent gravel at the base of one lake bed formation may represent a glacial period, possibly Illinoian, during which the Snake River had a large volume.
Overflow of water from Lake Bonneville into the Snake River system, by way of the Marsh Creek-Portneuf valley, laid down a deltaic-fluvial deposit here named the Michaud Gravel. At this time the Snake River, greatly augmented by Lake Bonneville overflow, began to cut channels through and around a lava dam. Terraces between Aberdeen, American Falls, and Pocatello were formed during the existence of the lake in which the Michaud Gravel was deposited and by fluvial processes after drainage of the lake. At one stage in the downcutting, bars of huge basalt boulders were built across the mouths of abandoned spillways.
Radiocarbon dating and geologic evidence from the area between Preston and Soda Springs, Idaho, suggest that basalt flows diverted the Bear River into Lake Bonneville, perhaps causing it to overflow. This diversion probably occurred about 33,000 years ago. This dating accords with events in the American Falls region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1961)72[1739:LQHOTS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Trimble, D.E., and Carr, W.J., 1961, Late quaternary history of the snake river in the American Falls region, Idaho: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 72, no. 12, p. 1739-1748, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1961)72[1739:LQHOTS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1739","endPage":"1748","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":385850,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Snake River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.82861328125001,\n 42.407234661551875\n ],\n [\n -111.29150390625,\n 42.407234661551875\n ],\n [\n -111.29150390625,\n 45.19752230305682\n ],\n [\n -116.82861328125001,\n 45.19752230305682\n ],\n [\n -116.82861328125001,\n 42.407234661551875\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"72","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trimble, Donald E.","contributorId":75910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trimble","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carr, Wilfred James","contributorId":12033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"Wilfred","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70220619,"text":"70220619 - 1961 - Hydrate equilibrium in soil profiles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T14:55:13.096299","indexId":"70220619","displayToPublicDate":"1961-11-30T09:50:26","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3419,"text":"Soil Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrate equilibrium in soil profiles","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.","doi":"10.1097/00010694-196111000-00005","usgsCitation":"Wayman, C.H., 1961, Hydrate equilibrium in soil profiles: Soil Science, v. 92, no. 5, p. 322-330, https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-196111000-00005.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"322","endPage":"330","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":385837,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wayman, Cooper H.","contributorId":258263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wayman","given":"Cooper","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70220603,"text":"70220603 - 1961 - Some aspects of the geochemistry of sphalerite, Central City District, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-20T21:57:32.680452","indexId":"70220603","displayToPublicDate":"1961-11-01T16:52:53","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Some aspects of the geochemistry of sphalerite, Central City District, Colorado","docAbstract":"Detailed studies of sphalerite, as a part of a larger study of the Central City district, Colorado, have been undertaken to learn something of the physico-chemical environment of ore deposition. More than 90 samples have been analyzed by chemical and spectrochemical methods and these data are interpreted in the light of experimental information.Sphalerite is a widespread and moderately abundant constituent of the gold- and silver-rich veins of the district. It was deposited during one stage of mineralization, in all environments of the concentrically zoned district except in the core. On a district-wide basis it occurs in three mineral assemblages: sphalerite-pyrite- chalcopyrite-tennantite-galena, sphalerite-pyrite-tennantite-galena, and sphalerite-pyrite-enargite-tennan-tite-galena. Quartz and, locally, other gangues are present.The sphalerite samples contain from 12 to 0.05 weight percent iron and detectable amounts of a restricted suite of minor elements, principally manganese, cadmium, copper, and lead. Manganese correlates directly with iron content, but the other minor elements have random correlations.The iron content of Central City sphalerite is interpreted to be mainly a function of activity of sulfur and temperature. Total pressure and minor elements that may enter the structure of either sphalerite or coexisting pyrite are thought to have negligible effects on the amount of iron in the sphalerite.The iron content of the sphalerite and fluid inclusion studies indicate that mineralization occurred over a temperature range from at least 620° C to about 150° C. In general, the temperatures tended to decrease from the vicinity of the central zone outward toward the peripheral zone. The thermal pattern, however, was complex, and marked by local irregularities.The activity of sulfur decreased with temperature, but to an extent such that more sulfur-rich mineral assemblages could form toward the margins of the district.The minor-element content of the sphalerite is governed by the activities of the various components and by the ability of the host mineral to accomodate it. Manganese varies widely because (1) it is geochemically much more abundant than is zinc and (2) it can also enter other minerals on a large scale. Conversely, because the amount of cadmium is small relative to that of zinc and because it enters only sphalerite in quantitatively significant amounts in hydrothermal environments, the cadmium content of sphalerite is constant. The copper content of the sphalerites is low and in good agreement with recent experimental data of Priestley Toulmin 3d.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.56.7.1211","usgsCitation":"Sims, P., and Barton, P.B., 1961, Some aspects of the geochemistry of sphalerite, Central City District, Colorado: Economic Geology, v. 56, no. 7, p. 1211-1237, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.56.7.1211.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"1211","endPage":"1237","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":385819,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Central City","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.53501129150389,\n 39.7789912112384\n ],\n [\n -105.48419952392578,\n 39.7789912112384\n ],\n [\n -105.48419952392578,\n 39.81354685177315\n ],\n [\n -105.53501129150389,\n 39.81354685177315\n ],\n [\n -105.53501129150389,\n 39.7789912112384\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1961-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sims, P.K.","contributorId":78702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sims","given":"P.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, P. B. Jr.","contributorId":23683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"P.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70220602,"text":"70220602 - 1961 - Sandstone-type uranium deposits at Ambrosia Lake, New Mexico-An interim report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T14:30:00.203583","indexId":"70220602","displayToPublicDate":"1961-11-01T16:44:43","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sandstone-type uranium deposits at Ambrosia Lake, New Mexico-An interim report","docAbstract":"The Ambrosia Lake district in northwestern New Mexico is the most important uranium mining and milling district in the United States. Together with the nearby Laguna district it contains more than 50 percent of the nation's reserves.Most of the ore occurs in the Morrison formation of Late Jurassic age as elongate, tabular, mantolike bodies principally in the upper half of the Westwater Canyon sandstone member and near the base of the Poison Canyon sandstone tongue (9). Individual deposits are distributed along two easterly trending belts 2 to 3 miles apart. The ore bodies are as much as 3,000 feet long, several hundred feet wide, and 100 feet thick. Depths to the ore range from 0 to 2,200 feet. Some ore is also mined from the Todilto limestone of Late Jurassic age and from the Dakota sandstone of Early (?) and Late Cretaceous age.Two types of unoxidized ore are recognized: prefault ore, which is considered to be primary, and postfault ore, which may be redistributed. The prefault ore shows no obvious relationship to tectonic structures but appears to be controlled by a variety of sedimentary structures. Postfault ore is controlled by a combination of sedimentary and tectonic structures. Disseminated carbonaceous matter, believed to be plant derived, appears to be the dominant control in the localization of the uranium.The ore mineralogy is comparatively simple, and coffinite is by far the most abundant ore mineral. Molybdenum, selenium, vanadium, and iron occur in anomalous quantities in the deposits in both oxidized and unoxidized minerals.U/eU ratios and radioisotope distribution indicate almost universal disequilibrium and fairly recent migration of radioisotopes in all deposits that have been sampled.Further studies on the organic carbonaceous matter, sandstone alteration, age determinations, and sulfur isotope composition are required to obtain a better understanding of the source, transportation, and deposition of uranium and other elements in the deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.56.7.1179","usgsCitation":"Granger, H., Santos, E., Dean, B., and Moore, F.B., 1961, Sandstone-type uranium deposits at Ambrosia Lake, New Mexico-An interim report: Economic Geology, v. 56, no. 7, p. 1179-1210, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.56.7.1179.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"1179","endPage":"1210","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":385818,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Ambrosia Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.962646484375,\n 35.11990857099681\n ],\n [\n -107.5286865234375,\n 35.11990857099681\n ],\n [\n -107.5286865234375,\n 35.61711648382185\n ],\n [\n -107.962646484375,\n 35.61711648382185\n ],\n [\n -107.962646484375,\n 35.11990857099681\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1961-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Granger, H.C.","contributorId":15203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granger","given":"H.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Santos, E.S.","contributorId":95883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santos","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dean, B.G.","contributorId":18845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"B.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, F. B.","contributorId":12461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70220643,"text":"70220643 - 1961 - Ages of batholithic intrusions of northern and central Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T19:06:55.948079","indexId":"70220643","displayToPublicDate":"1961-10-01T13:57:45","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ages of batholithic intrusions of northern and central Chile","docAbstract":"Their stratigraphic setting demonstrates that three batholithic intrusions in northern and central Chile are respectively pre-Jurassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous. Radiometric age determinations, by the lead-alpha (Larsen) method, indicate ages of 265 ± 30, 120 ± 15 to 125 ± 15, and 95 ± 10 to 130 ± 15 million years respectively for samples from the batholiths whose stratigraphic setting has been established or is inferred. With one exception, the radiometric ages are consistent with the stratigraphy. The exceptional determination of 130 ± 15 million years was for a sample of granite that intrudes Cretaceous rocks. Three other samples of Cretaceous granitic rocks were within the range of 95 ± 10 to 105 ± 10 million years. Angular unconformities whose ages are correlative with the intrusions suggest that the three batholiths can be related respectively to Hercynian, Late Jurassic, and middle Cretaceous orogenies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1961)72[1551:AOBION]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Ruiz, C.F., Aguirre, L., Corvalan, J., Rose, H., Segerstrom, K.K., and Stern, T., 1961, Ages of batholithic intrusions of northern and central Chile: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 72, no. 10, p. 1551-1559, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1961)72[1551:AOBION]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1551","endPage":"1559","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":385863,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.224609375,\n -18.396230138028812\n ],\n [\n -75.41015624999999,\n -43.13306116240613\n ],\n [\n -73.30078125,\n -44.150681159780916\n ],\n [\n -69.43359375,\n -33.504759069226075\n ],\n [\n -69.873046875,\n -30.67571540416773\n ],\n [\n -68.73046875,\n -25.16517336866393\n ],\n [\n -67.236328125,\n -22.998851594142913\n ],\n [\n -69.08203125,\n -17.476432197195518\n ],\n [\n -70.224609375,\n -18.396230138028812\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"72","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruiz, Carlos F.","contributorId":91918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruiz","given":"Carlos","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aguirre, Luis","contributorId":258268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aguirre","given":"Luis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Corvalan, Jose","contributorId":258269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corvalan","given":"Jose","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rose, H.J.","contributorId":67121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Segerstrom, Kenneth K.","contributorId":105276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Segerstrom","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stern, T.W.","contributorId":258270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stern","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70220642,"text":"70220642 - 1961 - Outline of climatic fluctuation since the last interglacial age","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T18:56:17.746086","indexId":"70220642","displayToPublicDate":"1961-10-01T13:50:28","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":801,"text":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Outline of climatic fluctuation since the last interglacial age","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"New York Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1111/j.1749-6632.1961.tb50051.x","usgsCitation":"Flint, R., and Brandtner, F., 1961, Outline of climatic fluctuation since the last interglacial age: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v. 95, no. 1, p. 457-460, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1961.tb50051.x.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"457","endPage":"460","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":385862,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, R.F.","contributorId":39761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brandtner, F.","contributorId":258267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brandtner","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70220633,"text":"70220633 - 1961 - The glacial history of Alaska: It's bearing on paleoclimatic theory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-24T12:44:20.49558","indexId":"70220633","displayToPublicDate":"1961-10-01T12:24:57","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":801,"text":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The glacial history of Alaska: It's bearing on paleoclimatic theory","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"New York Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1111/j.1749-6632.1961.tb50040.x","usgsCitation":"Karlstrom, T., 1961, The glacial history of Alaska: It's bearing on paleoclimatic theory: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v. 95, no. 1, p. 290-340, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1961.tb50040.x.","productDescription":"51 p.","startPage":"290","endPage":"340","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":385853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1961)90[494:AMOEMT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Harbeck, G.E., and Greene, A., 1961, A method of estimating maximum temperatures to be expected in ponds and small lakes: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 90, no. 4, p. 494-497, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1961)90[494:AMOEMT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"494","endPage":"497","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":385849,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harbeck, G. Earl Jr.","contributorId":18736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harbeck","given":"G.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Earl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greene, A.F.C.","contributorId":258265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greene","given":"A.F.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70220628,"text":"70220628 - 1961 - Granitic formations in the east-central Sierra Nevada near Bishop, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T16:24:18.750243","indexId":"70220628","displayToPublicDate":"1961-10-01T11:17:15","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Granitic formations in the east-central Sierra Nevada near Bishop, California","docAbstract":"This report establishes lithologic units among the granitic rocks of the east-central Sierra Nevada near Bishop, California. In this area the Sierra Nevada batholith is composed chiefly of quartz-bearing plutonic rocks ranging in composition from quartz diorite to alaskite but includes scattered small masses of darker and older plutonic rocks and remnants of metamorphosed sedimentary and volcanic rocks. The granitic rocks are in discrete plutons, either in sharp contact with one another or separated by thin septa of metamorphic or mafic igneous rock or by late aplitic dikes. The granitic rocks are grouped into lithologic units on the basis of composition, texture, and intrusive relations. The units include six new formations, three informal units made up of the rocks in several plutons, and four informal units that include the rocks in single plutons. The new formations are the Inconsolable Granodiorite, Tinemaha Granodiorite, Wheeler Crest Quartz Monzonite, Round Valley Peak Granodiorite, Lamarck Granodiorite, and Tungsten Hills Quartz Monzonite.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1961)72[1521:GFITES]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Bateman, P.C., 1961, Granitic formations in the east-central Sierra Nevada near Bishop, California: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 72, no. 10, p. 1521-1537, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1961)72[1521:GFITES]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1521","endPage":"1537","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":385848,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Bishop","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.60290527343749,\n 37.13842453422676\n ],\n [\n -117.9766845703125,\n 37.13842453422676\n ],\n [\n -117.9766845703125,\n 37.501010429493284\n ],\n [\n -118.60290527343749,\n 37.501010429493284\n ],\n [\n -118.60290527343749,\n 37.13842453422676\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"72","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bateman, Paul C.","contributorId":18377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bateman","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227015,"text":"70227015 - 1961 - Paper A: Terrestrial features of impact origin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-27T14:42:00.366166","indexId":"70227015","displayToPublicDate":"1961-10-01T08:22:43","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Paper A: Terrestrial features of impact origin","docAbstract":"Craters made by meteorites striking the earth are discussed, with attention given to geological evidence for discriminating them from craters formed by other structural processes. The major known meteorite craters are briefly described, as well as other features that are considered probable or possible meteorite craters on the basis of less conclusive evidence. Separate tabulations are given of (1) topographic features either known to be meteorite craters, or considered as possible meteorite craters through lack of conclusive evidence to the contrary, and (2) topographic features once considered to be possible meteorite impact craters, but which are now believed to be of other origin.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Geophysical Laboratory/Lawrence Radiation Laboratory Cratering Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Geophysical Laboratory/Lawrence Radiation Laboratory Cratering Symposium","conferenceDate":"March 28-29, 1961","conferenceLocation":"Washington, D. C., United States","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Shoemaker, E.M., and Eggleton, R.E., 1961, Paper A: Terrestrial features of impact origin, in Proceedings of the Geophysical Laboratory/Lawrence Radiation Laboratory Cratering Symposium, v. 1, Washington, D. C., United States, March 28-29, 1961, p. 1-27.","productDescription":"A, 27 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393415,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":393411,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1122567"}],"otherGeospatial":"Earth","volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Nordyke, Milo D.","contributorId":270389,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nordyke","given":"Milo","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13621,"text":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":829221,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Shoemaker, Eugene Merle","contributorId":20342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoemaker","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"Merle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eggleton, R. E.","contributorId":75154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eggleton","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003295,"text":"1003295 - 1961 - Toxicity of an epoxy cement to fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-01T15:23:35.697209","indexId":"1003295","displayToPublicDate":"1961-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity of an epoxy cement to fishes","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1961)23[178:TOAECT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Mairs, D.F., 1961, Toxicity of an epoxy cement to fishes: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 23, no. 4, p. 178-178, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1961)23[178:TOAECT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"178","endPage":"178","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131245,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db628027","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mairs, Donald F.","contributorId":46050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mairs","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1013648,"text":"1013648 - 1961 - A schematic outline for the presumptive identification of bacterial diseases of fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-01T15:26:28.53881","indexId":"1013648","displayToPublicDate":"1961-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A schematic outline for the presumptive identification of bacterial diseases of fish","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1961)23[147:ASOFTP]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Bullock, G.L., 1961, A schematic outline for the presumptive identification of bacterial diseases of fish: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 23, no. 4, p. 147-151, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1961)23[147:ASOFTP]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"151","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130566,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b18e4b07f02db6a70ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bullock, G. L.","contributorId":69498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullock","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70220647,"text":"70220647 - 1961 - Bankfull discharge: An example of its statistical relationships","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T19:36:53.939689","indexId":"70220647","displayToPublicDate":"1961-09-30T14:30:42","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5334,"text":"International Association of Scientific Hydrology - Bulletin ","onlineIssn":"2150-3435","printIssn":"0262-6667","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bankfull discharge: An example of its statistical relationships","docAbstract":"Analysis of data for the White and Wabash Rivers suggests means of determining discharge at the natural bankfull stage, despite the effects of artificial embanking and clearance of channels. Bankfull discharge, and discharge at mean annual flood, undergo an orderly downstream increase in percentage duration of flow.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02626666109493230","usgsCitation":"Dury, G., 1961, Bankfull discharge: An example of its statistical relationships: International Association of Scientific Hydrology - Bulletin , v. 6, no. 3, p. 48-55, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626666109493230.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"48","endPage":"55","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480379,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02626666109493230","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":385867,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","otherGeospatial":"White and Wabash Rivers","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.506103515625,\n 39.30029918615029\n ],\n [\n -84.957275390625,\n 39.30029918615029\n ],\n [\n -84.957275390625,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -87.506103515625,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -87.506103515625,\n 39.30029918615029\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dury, G.H.","contributorId":93106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dury","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70220639,"text":"70220639 - 1961 - Stream-gaging problems in Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T18:32:44.170274","indexId":"70220639","displayToPublicDate":"1961-09-30T13:27:43","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5334,"text":"International Association of Scientific Hydrology - Bulletin ","onlineIssn":"2150-3435","printIssn":"0262-6667","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stream-gaging problems in Afghanistan","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02626666109493227","usgsCitation":"Heckmiller, I., 1961, Stream-gaging problems in Afghanistan: International Association of Scientific Hydrology - Bulletin , v. 6, no. 3, p. 35-37, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626666109493227.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"37","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02626666109493227","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":385859,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Afghanistan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 59.0625,\n 28.459033019728043\n ],\n [\n 74.53125,\n 28.459033019728043\n ],\n [\n 74.53125,\n 40.04443758460856\n ],\n [\n 59.0625,\n 40.04443758460856\n ],\n [\n 59.0625,\n 28.459033019728043\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heckmiller, I.A.","contributorId":258266,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heckmiller","given":"I.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":284,"text":"284 - 1961 - Surface water records of North Dakota and South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-15T11:53:40","indexId":"284","displayToPublicDate":"1961-09-30T11:51:26","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Surface water records of North Dakota and South Dakota","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Bismarck, ND","doi":"10.3133/284","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the States of North and South Dakota and other agencies.","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1961, Surface water records of North Dakota and South Dakota, https://doi.org/10.3133/284.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290128,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota;South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.06,42.48 ], [ -104.06,48.99 ], [ -96.44,48.99 ], [ -96.44,42.48 ], [ -104.06,42.48 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c64ddbe4b0001bd51477bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":527282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1494,"text":"1494 - 1961 - Surface water records of Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-17T15:47:34.498633","indexId":"1494","displayToPublicDate":"1961-09-30T08:59:04","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Surface water records of Arkansas","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Little Rock, AR","doi":"10.3133/1494","issn":"0565-5986","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Arkansas and other agencies, 1960/61-1963/64.","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1961, Surface water records of Arkansas, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/1494.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289836,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.6179,33.0041 ], [ -94.6179,36.4997 ], [ -89.6468,36.4997 ], [ -89.6468,33.0041 ], [ -94.6179,33.0041 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c4fc7fe4b0b58d96eeb635","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":527863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010655,"text":"70010655 - 1961 - Reef building","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-26T14:27:28.472938","indexId":"70010655","displayToPublicDate":"1961-09-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reef building","docAbstract":"The growth of living breakwaters has kept pace with subsidence and wave erosion for fifty million years.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.134.3481.703","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Ladd, H.S., 1961, Reef Building: Science, v. 134, no. 3481, p. 703-715.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"703","endPage":"715","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219387,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"134","issue":"3481","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a415e4b0e8fec6cdba37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ladd, H. S.","contributorId":95537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ladd","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":37528,"text":"37528 - 1961 - Red junglefowl and kalij pheasants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-15T14:17:53","indexId":"37528","displayToPublicDate":"1961-09-01T14:16:56","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":83,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Wildlife","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"62","title":"Red junglefowl and kalij pheasants","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Bump, G., and Bohl, W.H., 1961, Red junglefowl and kalij pheasants: Special Scientific Report - Wildlife 62, v, 41 p.","productDescription":"v, 41 p.","numberOfPages":"46","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290171,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c64db0e4b0001bd514779f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bump, Gardiner","contributorId":79528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bump","given":"Gardiner","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohl, Wayne H.","contributorId":21616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohl","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":37525,"text":"37525 - 1961 - Wood duck banding program, progress report, 1959 and 1960","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-15T14:05:49","indexId":"37525","displayToPublicDate":"1961-09-01T14:04:58","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":83,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Wildlife","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"59","title":"Wood duck banding program, progress report, 1959 and 1960","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior","publisherLocation":"Washington, U.S.","usgsCitation":"Kaczynski, C.F., and Geis, A.D., 1961, Wood duck banding program, progress report, 1959 and 1960: Special Scientific Report - Wildlife 59, iii, 41 p.","productDescription":"iii, 41 p.","numberOfPages":"44","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290161,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c64dede4b0001bd51477de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaczynski, Charles F.","contributorId":61874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaczynski","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geis, Aelred D.","contributorId":86401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geis","given":"Aelred","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":37772,"text":"37772 - 1961 - Publications on the National Wildlife Refuges, 1961.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-23T13:43:29","indexId":"37772","displayToPublicDate":"1961-09-01T13:43:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":98,"text":"Wildlife Leaflet","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"438","title":"Publications on the National Wildlife Refuges, 1961.","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, 1961, Publications on the National Wildlife Refuges, 1961.: Wildlife Leaflet 438, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290820,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57ffd135e4b0824b2d1766b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife","contributorId":128149,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife","id":529711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70220605,"text":"70220605 - 1961 - Beryllium-bearing tuff in the Thomas Range, Juab County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T14:32:21.250822","indexId":"70220605","displayToPublicDate":"1961-08-01T17:45:51","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Beryllium-bearing tuff in the Thomas Range, Juab County, Utah","docAbstract":"Recently discovered beryllium deposits in the Thomas Range, Utah, are along the periphery of the fluorspar district at Spor Mountain. The beryllium is in altered rhyolite tuff of Tertiary age and is associated with genetically related fluorite, quartz, chalcedony, opal, calcite, and mont-morillonite and with residual quartz, feldspar, and biotite. Nodules of silica and fluorite contain more beryllium than the enclosing tuff. The ores probably were formed by fluorine-rich solutions derived from rhyo-litic magma related to a second period of volcanic activity.The district promises to be an important source of beryllium.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.56.5.941","usgsCitation":"Staatz, M., and Griffitts, W., 1961, Beryllium-bearing tuff in the Thomas Range, Juab County, Utah: Economic Geology, v. 56, no. 5, p. 941-950, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.56.5.941.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"941","endPage":"950","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":385821,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Juab County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.071044921875,\n 39.614152077002664\n ],\n [\n -112.159423828125,\n 39.614152077002664\n ],\n [\n -112.159423828125,\n 39.977120098439634\n ],\n [\n -114.071044921875,\n 39.977120098439634\n ],\n [\n -114.071044921875,\n 39.614152077002664\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1961-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Staatz, M. H.","contributorId":119027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staatz","given":"M. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffitts, W. R.","contributorId":116293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffitts","given":"W. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70220604,"text":"70220604 - 1961 - A comparison of analytical methods used in geochemical prospecting for copper","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T14:33:20.287409","indexId":"70220604","displayToPublicDate":"1961-08-01T17:01:33","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of analytical methods used in geochemical prospecting for copper","docAbstract":"Analytical methods used in geochemical prospecting for copper were compared by analysis of samples of residual soil collected in duplicate near a copper-bearing vein at the Malachite mine, Jefferson County, Colo. In this area barren or \"background\" samples have a mean copper content of 58 ppm (parts per million) and anomalous samples containing copper derived from the vein have a mean copper content of 216 ppm. Most anomalous samples are above 100 ppm and most barren samples are below. Geochemical prospecting tests, such as the spectrographic, biquinoline, dithizone and chromograph tests for copper and the citrate soluble and acid-soluble tests for total heavy metal, are almost as sensitive but are less precise and less accurate than standard quantitative trace analysis. Statistical techniques based chiefly upon the coefficient of variation show that the geochemical prospecting tests differ considerably among themselves in sensitivity, precision, and accuracy. This study indicates that the dithizone and the biquinoline tests for copper are the best for geochemical prospecting in this area.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.56.5.855","usgsCitation":"Huff, L., Lovering, T., Lakin, H.W., and Myers, A., 1961, A comparison of analytical methods used in geochemical prospecting for copper: Economic Geology, v. 56, no. 5, p. 855-872, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.56.5.855.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"855","endPage":"872","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":385820,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Jefferson County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.4248046875,\n 39.198205348894795\n ],\n [\n -105.0787353515625,\n 39.198205348894795\n ],\n [\n -105.0787353515625,\n 40.04023218690451\n ],\n [\n -105.4248046875,\n 40.04023218690451\n ],\n [\n -105.4248046875,\n 39.198205348894795\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1961-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huff, L.C.","contributorId":32919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huff","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lovering, T.G.","contributorId":91098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovering","given":"T.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lakin, H. W.","contributorId":11594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lakin","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Myers, A.T.","contributorId":8468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":37771,"text":"37771 - 1961 - Selected list of informational leaflets on wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-23T13:41:10","indexId":"37771","displayToPublicDate":"1961-08-01T13:39:58","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":98,"text":"Wildlife Leaflet","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"437","title":"Selected list of informational leaflets on wildlife","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1961, Selected list of informational leaflets on wildlife: Wildlife Leaflet 437, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290818,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57ffd135e4b0824b2d1766b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","contributorId":128143,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","id":529710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70210841,"text":"70210841 - 1961 - Late Wisconsin age of terrace alluvium along the North Loup River, central Nebraska: A revision","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T14:51:28.644534","indexId":"70210841","displayToPublicDate":"1961-08-01T10:32:45","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Wisconsin age of terrace alluvium along the North Loup River, central Nebraska: A revision","docAbstract":"A radiocarbon age of 10,500±250 years B.P. (Before Present) from shell material near the base of a terrace along the North Loup River, Howard County, Nebraska, dates the alluvial sequence of silts and soils as late Wisconsin. The alluvium containing the shell material previously was reported as Kansan and Yarmouth in age.
The sex classes and age classes of various species of ducks constitute measurable elements of the populations. The present study deals primarily with sex ratios and age ratios and the ways in which they relate to population productivity. The present study is an evaluation of sex and age ratios in North American duck populations and the ways in which, in waterfowl management, these ratios can be used to measure productivity. Drakes occurred in relatively greater numbers among diving ducks than among dabblers; however, examination of the available knowledge on the reproductive biology characterizing these two subfamilies revealed nothing which suggests that extra drakes may be more important to the maintenance of populations of diving ducks than of dabblers. Juveniles were found to be more vulnerable to hunting than adults; the vulnerability differential varied with place, time of hunting season, vear, and species. Age ratios obtained from bagged ducks and corrected for the greater vulnerability of juveniles offered the best means of determining the adult-juvenile composition of duck populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Illinois Natural History Survey","doi":"10.21900/j.inhs.v27.175","usgsCitation":"Bellrose, F.C., Scott, T., Hawkins, A.S., and Low, J.B., 1961, Sex ratios and age raios in North American ducks: Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin, v. 27, no. 6, p. 391-474, https://doi.org/10.21900/j.inhs.v27.175.","productDescription":"84 p.","startPage":"391","endPage":"474","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480381,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.21900/j.inhs.v27.175","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":417244,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1961-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bellrose, Frank C.","contributorId":305579,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bellrose","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":873239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, Thomas G.","contributorId":305580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"Thomas G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":873240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hawkins, Arthur S.","contributorId":72042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawkins","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":873241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Low, Jessop B.","contributorId":305581,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Low","given":"Jessop","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":873242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}