{"pageNumber":"6798","pageRowStart":"169925","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184660,"records":[{"id":70185597,"text":"70185597 - 1961 - Philosophy of water development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-24T11:49:37","indexId":"70185597","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5333,"text":"Professional Engineer","printIssn":"0033-0051","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Philosophy of water development","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"National Society of Professional Engineers","usgsCitation":"Leopold, L.B., and Hendricks, E.L., 1961, Philosophy of water development: Professional Engineer, v. 10, no. 9, p. 4-10.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":338283,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d6304de4b05ec79913114d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leopold, Luna Bergere","contributorId":93884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leopold","given":"Luna","email":"","middleInitial":"Bergere","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hendricks, E. L.","contributorId":50126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendricks","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70195892,"text":"70195892 - 1961 - Glacial drift aquifers in the Gackle area, Logan and Stutsman Counties, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-07T13:21:50","indexId":"70195892","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5646,"text":"North Dakota Ground Water Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"33","title":"Glacial drift aquifers in the Gackle area, Logan and Stutsman Counties, North Dakota","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"North Dakota State Water Conservation Commission","usgsCitation":"Adolphson, D.G., 1961, Glacial drift aquifers in the Gackle area, Logan and Stutsman Counties, North Dakota: North Dakota Ground Water Studies 33, 16 p.","productDescription":"16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352286,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff63fde4b0da30c1bfdf90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adolphson, D. G.","contributorId":106081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adolphson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010750,"text":"70010750 - 1961 - Graphic and algebraic solutions of the discordant lead-uranium age problem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-19T17:06:36.661078","indexId":"70010750","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Graphic and algebraic solutions of the discordant lead-uranium age problem","docAbstract":"

Uranium-bearing minerals that give lead-uranium and lead—lead ages that are essentially in agreement, i.e. concordant, generally are considered to have had a relatively simple geologic history and to have been unaltered since their deposition. The concordant ages obtained on such materials are, therefore, assumed to approach closely the actual age of the minerals. Many uranium-bearing samples, particularly uranium ores, give the following discordant age sequences; Pb206U238&lt;Pb207U235&#x2AA1;Pb207Pb206\">Pb206U238<Pb207U235⪡Pb207Pb206 or, less frequently, Pb207Pb206&#x2AA1;Pb207U235&lt;Pb206U238\">Pb207Pb206⪡Pb207U235<Pb206U238. These discordant age sequences have been attributed most often to uncertainties in the common lead correction, selective loss of radio-active daughter products, loss or gain of lead or uranium, or contamination by an older generation of radiogenic lead.

The evaluation of discordant lead isotope age data may be separated into two operations. The first operation, with which this paper is concerned, is mechanical in nature and involves the calculation of the different possible concordant ages corresponding to the various processes assumed to have produced the discordant ages. The second operation is more difficult to define and requires, in part, some personal judgement. It includes a synthesis of the possible concordant age solutions with other independent geologic and isotopic evidence. The concordant age ultimately chosen as most acceptable should be consistent not only with the known events in the geologic history of the area, the age relations of the enclosing rocks, and the mineralogic and paragenetic evidence, but also with other independent age measurements and the isotopic data obtained on the lead in related or associated non-radioactive minerals.

The calculation of the possible concordant ages from discordant age data has been greatly simplified by Wetherill's graphical method of plotting the mole ratios of radiogenic Pb206U238\">Pb206U238 (N206N238\">N206N238) vs. radiogenic Pb207U235\">Pb207U235 (N207N235\">N207N235) after correcting for the contaminating common Pb206 and Pb207. The linear relationships noted in this graphical procedure have been extended to plots of the mole ratios of total Pb206U238\">Pb206U238 (tN206N238\">tN206N238) vs. total Pb207U235\">Pb207U235 (tN207N235\">tN207N235). This modification permits the calculation of concordant ages for unaltered samples using only the Pb207Pb206\">Pb207Pb206 ratio of the contaminating common lead.

If isotopic data are available for two samples of the same age, x and y, from the same or related deposits or outcrops, graphs of the normalized difference ratios[(N206N204)x &#x2212; (N206N204)y(N238N204)x &#x2212;(N238N204)y] vs. [(N207N204)x &#x2212; (N207N204)y(N235N204)x &#x2212;(N235N204)y]\">[(N206N204)x − (N206N204)y(N238N204)x −(N238N204)y] vs. [(N207N204)x − (N207N204)y(N235N204)x −(N235N204)y] can give concordant ages corrected for unknown amounts of a common lead with an unknown Pb207/ Pb206 ratio. (If thorium is absent the difference ratios may be normalized with the more abundant index isotope, Pb208.) Similar plots of tho normalized, difference ratios for three genetically related samples (x − y) and(x − z), will give concordant ages corrected, in addition, for either one unknown period of past alteration or initial contamination by an older generation of radiogenic lead of unknown Pb207/Pb206 ratio.

Practical numerical solutions for many of tho concordant age calculations are not currently available. However, the algebraic equivalents of these new graphical methods give equations which may be programmed for computing machines. For geologically probable parameters the equations of higher order have two positive real roots that rapidly converge on the exact concordant ages corrected for original radiogenic lead and for loss or gain of lead or uranium. Modifications of these general age equations expanded only to the second degree have been derived for use with desk calculators.

These graphical and algebraic methods clearly suggest both the type and minimum number of samples necessary for adequate mathematical analysis of discordant lead isotope age data. This mathematical treatment also makes it clear that discordant lead isotope data alone cannot provide the basis for the choice of one of the possible concordant age solutions. The new equations, in particular, provide an incentive to improve our physical constants, analytical techniques and sampling methods in order that we may derive all of the useful geologic information that is available in a comprehensive lead isotope age study.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(61)90116-8","usgsCitation":"Stieff, L.R., and Stern, T.W., 1961, Graphic and algebraic solutions of the discordant lead-uranium age problem: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 22, no. 2-4, p. 176-199, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(61)90116-8.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"176","endPage":"199","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a29c9e4b0c8380cd5ac33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stieff, L. R.","contributorId":25619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stieff","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stern, T. W.","contributorId":36122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":2000044,"text":"2000044 - 1961 - Fishery statistical districts of the Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T15:56:22.362403","indexId":"2000044","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":222,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"2","title":"Fishery statistical districts of the Great Lakes","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","usgsCitation":"Smith, S.H., Buettner, H.J., and Hile, R., 1961, Fishery statistical districts of the Great Lakes: Technical Report 2, 24 p.","productDescription":"24 p.","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198086,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":92073,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.glfc.org/glfc-publications-reports.php","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.91552734375,\n 44.28453670601888\n ],\n [\n -76.4813232421875,\n 44.319918120477425\n ],\n [\n -77.113037109375,\n 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J.","contributorId":82247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buettner","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hile, Ralph","contributorId":48510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hile","given":"Ralph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1014232,"text":"1014232 - 1961 - Mortality of eastern brook trout caused by Plerocercoida (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea: Diphyllobothriidae) in the heart and viscera","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-01T15:19:24.581354","indexId":"1014232","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2414,"text":"Journal of Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mortality of eastern brook trout caused by Plerocercoida (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea: Diphyllobothriidae) in the heart and viscera","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Parasitologists","doi":"10.2307/3275362","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, G.L., and Dunbar, C.E., 1961, Mortality of eastern brook trout caused by Plerocercoida (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea: Diphyllobothriidae) in the heart and viscera: Journal of Parasitology, v. 47, no. 3, p. 399-400, https://doi.org/10.2307/3275362.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"399","endPage":"400","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486841,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3275362","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":131707,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698d6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, G. L.","contributorId":70713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunbar, C. E.","contributorId":96623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunbar","given":"C.","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010751,"text":"70010751 - 1961 - Aqua de Ney, California, a spring of unique chemical character","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-16T17:46:55.379168","indexId":"70010751","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aqua de Ney, California, a spring of unique chemical character","docAbstract":"

The chemistry of water of Aqua de Ney, a cold spring of unusual character located in Siskiyou County, Calif., has been re-examined as part of a study of the relation of water chemistry to rock environment. The water has a pH of 11·6 and a silica content of 4000 parts per million (p.p.m.), the highest values known to occur in natural ground waters.

The rocks exposed nearby consist of two volcanic sequences, one predominantly basaltic in composition, the other highly siliceous. Neither these rocks nor the sedimentary and igneous rocks presumed to underlie the area at depth seem to offer explanation of the unusual mineralization which includes 240 p.p.m. of boron, 1000 p.p.m. of sulphide (as H2S), and 148 p.p.m. of ammonia nitrogen (as NH4) in a water that is predominantly sodium chloride and sodium carbonate in character.

By analogy, it is assumed that water from Aqua de Ney is the product of an initial mixture of connate sea water with a calcium magnesium sulphate water. It is postulated that ion exchange has increased the content of sodium and reduced that of calcium and magnesium, and that sulphate reduction has brought about the high alkalinity, high pH, and high content of sulphide. The large silica value is explained as the result of solution of silica by water having the high pH observed.

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No abstract available.

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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db6486cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, J. V. B.","contributorId":57037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"V. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70009802,"text":"70009802 - 1961 - Radio-tracer techniques for the study of flow in saturated porous materials","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-16T17:15:44.664199","indexId":"70009802","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2028,"text":"International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radio-tracer techniques for the study of flow in saturated porous materials","docAbstract":"

An experiment was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey to determine the feasibility of using a radioactive substance as a tracer in the study of microscopic flow in a saturated porous solid. A radioactive tracer was chosen in preference to dye or other chemical in order to eliminate effects of the tracer itself on the flow system such as those relating to density, viscosity and surface tension. The porous solid was artificial “sandstone” composed of uniform fine grains of sand bonded together with an epoxy adhesive. The sides of the block thus made were sealed with an epoxy coating compound to insure water-tightness. Because of the chemical inertness of the block it was possible to use radioactive phosphorus (P32). Ion-exchange equilibrium was created between the block and nonradioactive phosphoric acid. Then a tracer tagged with P32 was injected into the block in the desired geometric configuration, in this case, a line source. After equilibrium in isotopic exchange was reached between the block and the line source, the block was rinsed, drained and sawn into slices. It was found that a quantitative analysis of the flow system may be made by assaying the dissected block.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0020-708X(61)90006-0","usgsCitation":"Skibitzke, H., Chapman, H.T., Robinson, G., and McCullough, R., 1961, Radio-tracer techniques for the study of flow in saturated porous materials: International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, v. 10, no. 1, p. 38-42, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-708X(61)90006-0.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a93a3e4b0c8380cd80f47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skibitzke, H.E.","contributorId":44528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skibitzke","given":"H.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapman, H. T.","contributorId":49511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robinson, G.M.","contributorId":68710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCullough, Richard A.","contributorId":44122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCullough","given":"Richard A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70009800,"text":"70009800 - 1961 - Mineralogy and geochemistry of vanadium in the Colorado Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-17T13:26:54.310257","indexId":"70009800","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2558,"text":"Journal of the Less-Common Metals","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineralogy and geochemistry of vanadium in the Colorado Plateau","docAbstract":"

The chief domestic source of vanadium is uraniferous sandstone in the Colorado Plateau. Vanadium is 3-, 4-, or 5-valent in nature and, as oxides or combined with other elements, it forms more than 40 minerals in the Plateau ores. These ores have been studied with regard to the relative amounts of vanadium silicates and oxide-vanadates, uranium-vanadium ratios, the progressive oxidation of black low-valent ores to high-valent carnotite-type ores, and theories of origin.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-5088(61)90029-7","usgsCitation":"Weeks, A.D., 1961, Mineralogy and geochemistry of vanadium in the Colorado Plateau: Journal of the Less-Common Metals, v. 3, no. 6, p. 443-450, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088(61)90029-7.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"443","endPage":"450","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.984375,\n 33.90689555128866\n ],\n [\n -106.67724609375,\n 34.488447837809304\n ],\n [\n -105.53466796874999,\n 36.19109202182454\n ],\n [\n -105.9521484375,\n 37.84015683604136\n ],\n [\n -107.46826171874999,\n 38.30718056188316\n ],\n [\n -106.962890625,\n 40.212440718286466\n ],\n [\n -109.072265625,\n 40.83043687764923\n ],\n [\n -111.33544921874999,\n 40.49709237269567\n ],\n [\n -113.84033203125,\n 36.421282443649496\n ],\n [\n -113.9501953125,\n 35.60371874069731\n ],\n [\n -111.7529296875,\n 34.32529192442733\n ],\n [\n -110.10498046875,\n 33.797408767572485\n ],\n [\n -108.984375,\n 33.90689555128866\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5abce4b0c8380cd6f0bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weeks, A. D.","contributorId":80339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70174095,"text":"70174095 - 1961 - Geology and ground-water resources of Clayton County, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-30T13:18:13.21876","indexId":"70174095","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":148,"text":"Water Supply Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"7","title":"Geology and ground-water resources of Clayton County, Iowa","docAbstract":"

Clayton County includes 784 square miles in northeastern Iowa and in 1960 had a population of 21, 962.  For the most part, the county is a dissected upland that is drained mainly by the southeastward flowing Turkey River and its principal tributary, the Volga River.  The Turkey River empties into the Mississippi River, which flows southward along the eastern border of the county.  The climate is humid continental, and the average annual precipitation is 33.01 inches.  The economy of the county is based on farming and the raising of livestock.  The natural resources of the county include soil, water, rock, sand, and timber.

","language":"English","publisher":"State of Iowa","publisherLocation":"Des Moines, IA","usgsCitation":"Steinhilber, W.L., Van Eck, O.J., and Feulner, A., 1961, Geology and ground-water resources of Clayton County, Iowa: Water Supply Bulletin 7, xi, 142 p.","productDescription":"xi, 142 p.","numberOfPages":"154","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493175,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70174095/IGS_wsb_7.pdf","text":"Report","size":"13.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":324470,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","county":"Clayton County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-91.604,43.0816],[-91.4892,43.0817],[-91.37,43.0807],[-91.2546,43.0802],[-91.1944,43.08],[-91.178,43.0798],[-91.1777,43.0732],[-91.1782,43.0655],[-91.1776,43.0584],[-91.1766,43.0506],[-91.1756,43.0415],[-91.1716,43.0291],[-91.1677,43.0192],[-91.1624,43.0071],[-91.1589,42.9989],[-91.1579,42.9966],[-91.1566,42.9934],[-91.1563,42.9894],[-91.1568,42.9839],[-91.1585,42.9784],[-91.1566,42.9747],[-91.1559,42.9739],[-91.152,42.9695],[-91.1506,42.9678],[-91.1464,42.9609],[-91.1455,42.9518],[-91.1457,42.9445],[-91.1454,42.9395],[-91.1453,42.9372],[-91.1438,42.9268],[-91.1445,42.9168],[-91.1444,42.9104],[-91.1411,42.905],[-91.1372,42.9007],[-91.1311,42.8965],[-91.1218,42.8927],[-91.1132,42.8885],[-91.1047,42.8824],[-91.0999,42.875],[-91.0995,42.874],[-91.0971,42.8678],[-91.0944,42.8596],[-91.0924,42.8542],[-91.0908,42.8498],[-91.089,42.8462],[-91.086,42.8443],[-91.0847,42.8437],[-91.0823,42.8424],[-91.0796,42.8398],[-91.0775,42.8373],[-91.0776,42.8339],[-91.0781,42.8294],[-91.078,42.8214],[-91.0776,42.8103],[-91.0763,42.8],[-91.0735,42.7913],[-91.0713,42.7826],[-91.0696,42.7771],[-91.0688,42.7736],[-91.0667,42.7698],[-91.0649,42.767],[-91.0629,42.7645],[-91.062,42.762],[-91.0621,42.7591],[-91.0634,42.7561],[-91.0639,42.7545],[-91.0638,42.754],[-91.0632,42.7523],[-91.0613,42.75],[-91.0587,42.7487],[-91.0582,42.7485],[-91.0563,42.7478],[-91.0549,42.746],[-91.0549,42.7446],[-91.0543,42.7428],[-91.0517,42.7397],[-91.0492,42.7383],[-91.0467,42.7379],[-91.0447,42.7376],[-91.0417,42.7375],[-91.0392,42.7375],[-91.0354,42.7371],[-91.0323,42.7358],[-91.0305,42.7341],[-91.03,42.7314],[-91.0301,42.7291],[-91.0283,42.7263],[-91.0264,42.7249],[-91.0259,42.7245],[-91.0226,42.7227],[-91.0182,42.7205],[-91.0075,42.7161],[-90.998,42.7121],[-90.9903,42.7074],[-90.9841,42.7036],[-90.98,42.6995],[-90.9734,42.6956],[-90.9677,42.6929],[-90.9601,42.6898],[-90.9542,42.6872],[-90.9482,42.6858],[-90.9413,42.685],[-90.9382,42.685],[-90.9332,42.6856],[-90.9276,42.6856],[-90.9226,42.6843],[-90.9169,42.6821],[-90.9108,42.68],[-90.9065,42.6785],[-90.8985,42.6761],[-90.896,42.6753],[-90.8962,42.6697],[-90.8978,42.6447],[-91.0181,42.6452],[-91.1334,42.6451],[-91.2519,42.6445],[-91.3691,42.6437],[-91.4876,42.6442],[-91.606,42.6437],[-91.6055,42.731],[-91.605,42.8169],[-91.6045,42.9056],[-91.6046,42.9915],[-91.604,43.0816]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Clayton\",\"state\":\"IA\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57724e30e4b07657d1a81983","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steinhilber, W. L.","contributorId":79456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinhilber","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Eck, O. J.","contributorId":172476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Eck","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feulner, A.J.","contributorId":70796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feulner","given":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70010653,"text":"70010653 - 1961 - Speed of abstracting and country of origin of abstracts published in section 8 (mineralogical and geological chemistry) of \"chemical abstracts\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-07T16:49:39.291461","indexId":"70010653","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2204,"text":"Journal of Chemical Documentation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Speed of abstracting and country of origin of abstracts published in section 8 (mineralogical and geological chemistry) of \"chemical abstracts\"","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/c160002a008","issn":"00219576","usgsCitation":"Fleischer, M., 1961, Speed of abstracting and country of origin of abstracts published in section 8 (mineralogical and geological chemistry) of \"chemical abstracts\": Journal of Chemical Documentation, v. 1, no. 2, p. 36-37, https://doi.org/10.1021/c160002a008.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"37","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219385,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b95b8e4b08c986b31b0a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleischer, M.","contributorId":84069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010635,"text":"70010635 - 1961 - Coesite from Wabar crater, near Al Hadida, Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-30T15:04:26","indexId":"70010635","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coesite from Wabar crater, near Al Hadida, Arabia","docAbstract":"

The third natural occurrence of coesite, the high pressure polymorph of silica, is found at the Wabar meteorite crater, Arabia. The Wabar crater is about 300 feet in diameter and about 40 feet deep. It is the smallest of three craters where coesite has been found.

","language":"English","doi":"10.1126/science.133.3456.882","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Chao, E.C., Fahey, J.J., and Littler, J., 1961, Coesite from Wabar crater, near Al Hadida, Arabia: Science, v. 133, no. 3456, p. 882-883, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.133.3456.882.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"882","endPage":"883","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219255,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Saudi Arabia","otherGeospatial":"Al Hadida, Ar-Rub' Al-Khali (Empty Quarter)","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 50.4,\n 21.4\n ],\n [\n 50.4,\n 21.6\n ],\n [\n 50.6,\n 21.6\n ],\n [\n 50.6,\n 21.4\n ],\n [\n 50.4,\n 21.4\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"133","issue":"3456","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f79fe4b0c8380cd4cbf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chao, E. C. T.","contributorId":96713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chao","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"C. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fahey, J. J.","contributorId":80665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fahey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Littler, J.","contributorId":40724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Littler","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70010657,"text":"70010657 - 1961 - Magnetic susceptibility of normal liver and transplantable hepatoma tissue","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:18","indexId":"70010657","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magnetic susceptibility of normal liver and transplantable hepatoma tissue","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/190410a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Senftle, F.E., and Thorpe, A., 1961, Magnetic susceptibility of normal liver and transplantable hepatoma tissue: Nature, v. 190, no. 4774, p. 410-413, https://doi.org/10.1038/190410a0.","startPage":"410","endPage":"413","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":204938,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/190410a0"},{"id":219389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"190","issue":"4774","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4b90e4b0c8380cd69630","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senftle, F. E.","contributorId":47788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senftle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thorpe, A.","contributorId":70534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorpe","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010656,"text":"70010656 - 1961 - Determination of beryllium in ores and rocks by a dilution-fluorometric method with morin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-20T16:07:47.173187","indexId":"70010656","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of beryllium in ores and rocks by a dilution-fluorometric method with morin","docAbstract":"Beryllium in concentrations as little as a few parts per million is determined fluorometrically with morin in low grade ores by a dilution method without separations. A high sensitivity is obtained by the adoption of instrumental and reaction conditions that give a satisfactory ratio of beryllium to blank fluorescence and at the same time minimize iron interference. Data on the behavior of 47 ions are given. The method is applied to ores containing bertrandite and beryl as the beryllium minerals.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ac60177a037","usgsCitation":"May, I., and Grimaldi, F.S., 1961, Determination of beryllium in ores and rocks by a dilution-fluorometric method with morin: Analytical Chemistry, v. 33, no. 9, p. 1251-1253, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60177a037.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1251","endPage":"1253","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219388,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff97e4b0c8380cd4f28f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"May, Irving","contributorId":39771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Irving","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grimaldi, F. S.","contributorId":94286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimaldi","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000551,"text":"1000551 - 1961 - The identification of larval yellow perch, Perca flavescens and walleye, Stizostedion vitreum","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-06T01:25:20.127759","indexId":"1000551","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The identification of larval yellow perch, Perca flavescens and walleye, Stizostedion vitreum","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists","doi":"10.2307/1439801","usgsCitation":"Norden, C.R., 1961, The identification of larval yellow perch, Perca flavescens and walleye, Stizostedion vitreum: Copeia, v. 1961, no. 3, p. 282-288, https://doi.org/10.2307/1439801.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"282","endPage":"288","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128669,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1961","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a86e4b07f02db64db6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norden, Carroll R.","contributorId":56591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norden","given":"Carroll","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":6068,"text":"pp367 - 1961 - Landslides along the Columbia River valley, northeastern Washington, with a section on seismic surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-13T21:43:22.811462","indexId":"pp367","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"367","title":"Landslides along the Columbia River valley, northeastern Washington, with a section on seismic surveys","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp367","usgsCitation":"Jones, F.O., Embody, D.R., Peterson, W.L., and Hazlewood, R., 1961, Landslides along the Columbia River valley, northeastern Washington, with a section on seismic surveys: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 367, Report: v, 98 p.; 6 Plates: 24.00 x 14.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp367.","productDescription":"Report: v, 98 p.; 6 Plates: 24.00 x 14.00 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":33077,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0367/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33076,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0367/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33078,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0367/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33075,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0367/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33074,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0367/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33073,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0367/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33072,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0367/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118042,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0367/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":415742,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4362.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 48.75\n ],\n [\n -119.5,\n 48.75\n ],\n [\n -119.5,\n 47.6153\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 47.6153\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 48.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1de4b07f02db6a9db8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Fred O.","contributorId":93043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Embody, Daniel R.","contributorId":92662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Embody","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, Warren Lee","contributorId":68303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Warren","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hazlewood, R. M.","contributorId":42207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hazlewood","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70010641,"text":"70010641 - 1961 - Program of the Gordon Research Conferences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:19","indexId":"70010641","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Program of the Gordon Research Conferences","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"Science","language":"English","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Fosberg, F., 1961, Program of the Gordon Research Conferences, in Science, v. 133, no. 3456, p. 889-906.","startPage":"889","endPage":"906","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219311,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"133","issue":"3456","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8e47e4b0c8380cd7f0dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fosberg, F.R.","contributorId":6933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fosberg","given":"F.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2000002,"text":"2000002 - 1961 - Use of 3-trifluormethyl-4-nitrophenol as a selective sea lamprey larvicide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T14:27:51.716923","indexId":"2000002","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":222,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"1","title":"Use of 3-trifluormethyl-4-nitrophenol as a selective sea lamprey larvicide","docAbstract":"

The recent discovery of a group of chemical compounds that are significantly more toxic to sea lampreys than to other aquatic organisms offers promise of an early and effective control of this pest. The sea lamprey has all but destroyed the lake trout populations of Lakes Huron and Michigan. In Lake Superior, production of the lake trout fishery has declined to record low levels. Only a rapid and drastic reduction in sea lamprey predation can save the lake trout population there. Other species of food and game fishes have suffered severe decreases from persistent attack by the lamprey.

The sea lamprey spends only a small portion of its life as a parasite in the Great Lakes. The fully grown and sexually mature adults migrate into streams to spawn and thereafter die. The eggs hatch in a week to 10 days and the larvae remain in the stream bottom for 5 years or longer before metamorphosis into the adult form. Following this transformation the young lampreys migrate downstream to the lakes to begin their parasitic existence. The life cycle of the sea lamprey has been described in detail elsewhere (Applegate 1950; Applegate and Moffett 1955).

Control of the adult lampreys distributed throughout a body of open water as large as one of the Great Lakes, by known and available techniques, is not feasible. Fortunately, this pest can be attacked effectively at those stages in its life cycle when it is concentrated in restricted areas. Various devices have been developed which prevent spawning by blocking the streams below the spawning grounds. Electrical weirs, that repel or destroy the lampreys, have been used (Applegate, Smith, and Nielsen 1952; Erkkila, Smith, and McLain 1956). A serious shortcoming of this control method is the time required to achieve the desired effect. Even though the adults have been destroyed before spawning, 5 or more generations of larval lampreys are already in the stream-enough to provide an annual supply of parasitic adults for an equal period of time.

Almost all the larvae of the sea lamprey live in the spawning streams. Treatment of these streams with selectively toxic chemicals that kill the larvae provides immediate reduction of all generations in the population before they become parasites. Control of the species can thus be achieved without a delay of several years.

","language":"English","publisher":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","usgsCitation":"Applegate, V.C., Howell, J.H., Moffett, J.W., Johnson, B.G., and Smith, M.A., 1961, Use of 3-trifluormethyl-4-nitrophenol as a selective sea lamprey larvicide: Technical Report 1, 35 p.","productDescription":"35 p.","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198474,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":92072,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.glfc.org/glfc-publications-reports.php","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db605234","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Applegate, Vernon C.","contributorId":39317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Applegate","given":"Vernon","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howell, John H.","contributorId":39720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moffett, James W.","contributorId":94245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moffett","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, B. G. H.","contributorId":48511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"G. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Manning A.","contributorId":77090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Manning","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70010661,"text":"70010661 - 1961 - Water analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-20T16:09:53.652588","indexId":"70010661","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water analysis","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ac60173a014","usgsCitation":"Skougstad, M.W., and Fishman, M., 1961, Water analysis: Analytical Chemistry, v. 33, no. 5, p. 138-164, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60173a014.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"138","endPage":"164","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219320,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc796e4b08c986b32c50f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skougstad, Marvin W.","contributorId":47428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skougstad","given":"Marvin","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fishman, Marvin J.","contributorId":87110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishman","given":"Marvin J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003297,"text":"1003297 - 1961 - Blood properties of prespawning and postspawning anadromous alewives (Alosa pseudoharenqus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:07","indexId":"1003297","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1663,"text":"Fishery Bulletin","printIssn":"0090-0656","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Blood properties of prespawning and postspawning anadromous alewives (Alosa pseudoharenqus)","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fishery Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Sindermann, C., and Mairs, D., 1961, Blood properties of prespawning and postspawning anadromous alewives (Alosa pseudoharenqus): Fishery Bulletin, v. 61, no. 183, p. 145-151.","productDescription":"pp. 145-151","startPage":"145","endPage":"151","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198267,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"183","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db607705","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sindermann, C.J.","contributorId":106603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sindermann","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mairs, D.F.","contributorId":40936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mairs","given":"D.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":81336,"text":"81336 - 1961 - Downstream movement of lampreys and fish in the Carp Lake River, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-10T13:27:39","indexId":"81336","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":84,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Fisheries","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"387","title":"Downstream movement of lampreys and fish in the Carp Lake River, Michigan","docAbstract":"

An inclined-screen trap was installed on the Carp River, Emmett County, Michigan, in the spring of 1948 and has been in almost continuous operation since that time. The major goal of this project--a precise determination of the length of the larval life of sea lamprey--was not attained because of the contamination of the stream above the dam with spawning lampreys. The lampreys and other fishes collected in the trap did, however, provide extensive and valuable biological information. The present report documents much of the information, largely in tabular form, accumulated over the operating seasons, 1948-49 through 1957-58; the amount of detail has been varied according to the importance of the topic under consideration or the amount required to bring out a particular point.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Applegate, V.C., 1961, Downstream movement of lampreys and fish in the Carp Lake River, Michigan: Special Scientific Report - Fisheries 387, 71 p.","productDescription":"71 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198519,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":101765,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015045826024?urlappend=%3Bseq=169"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c147","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Applegate, Vernon C.","contributorId":39317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Applegate","given":"Vernon","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000398,"text":"1000398 - 1961 - Records, ages, and growth of the mooneye, Hiodon tergisus, of the Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-10T12:47:05","indexId":"1000398","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Records, ages, and growth of the mooneye, Hiodon tergisus, of the Great Lakes","docAbstract":"

Mooneyes (Hiodon tergisus) are very scarce in the upper three Great Lakes since only four specimens have been received from Lake Michigan, one from Lake Huron, and none from Lake Superior. The published statistics of the mooneyes are erroneous. Those of 1931 of Lake Michigan were perhaps chubs (Coregonus spp.) and those of Lake Huron of 1929 were also chubs and of 1934, 1949, and 1951 were gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) but since 1956 were alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus). Mooneyes are common in Lakes Erie and Ontario and perhaps in Lake St. Clair but are commercialized only in the States of Ohio and Michigan. Virtually all Lake Erie mooneyes were caught in trap nets, pound nets, and seines in less than 35 feet of water. Their life-history data collected in 1927-31 included lengths and weights of age-groups I-VII, calculated increments and lengths based on both anterior radii and lateral diameters of scales, length-weight relationships, and sexual maturity. Apparently mature specimens exceeded 8.8 inches, 3.25 ounces, and age-group I.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1961)90[170:RAAGOT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Van Oosten, J., 1961, Records, ages, and growth of the mooneye, Hiodon tergisus, of the Great Lakes: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 90, no. 2, p. 170-174, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1961)90[170:RAAGOT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"170","endPage":"174","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130551,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db6354bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Oosten, John","contributorId":23479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Oosten","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3185,"text":"wsp1531 - 1961 - Hydrology of the upper Cheyenne River basin: Part A. Hydrology of stock-water reservoirs in upper Cheyenne River basin; Part B. Sediment sources and drainage-basin characteristics in upper Cheyenne River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-05T20:09:59.224588","indexId":"wsp1531","displayToPublicDate":"1961-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1961","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1531","title":"Hydrology of the upper Cheyenne River basin: Part A. Hydrology of stock-water reservoirs in upper Cheyenne River basin; Part B. Sediment sources and drainage-basin characteristics in upper Cheyenne River basin","docAbstract":"

The objective of this investigation was to determine the effect on runoff of the many stock reservoirs in the Cheyenne River basin above Angostura Dam. As a first step it was necessary to determine, within reasonable limits of accuracy, the number of reservoirs in the basin, the storage capacity, the drainage area, and the water loss from each. A sampling method was adopted because the size of the basin, 9,100 square miles, prohibited examination of all reservoirs within the drainage area. Forty-nine sample areas of 9 square miles each were selected as a 5-percent sample of the 955 complete quarter townships within the basin above Angostura Dam. All reservoirs located within the sample quarter townships were surveyed.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp1531","usgsCitation":"Culler, R.C., Hadley, R.F., and Schumm, S.A., 1961, Hydrology of the upper Cheyenne River basin: Part A. Hydrology of stock-water reservoirs in upper Cheyenne River basin; Part B. 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An investigation of the ground-water resources of the northern Willamette Valley was begun in 1960 as a cooperative program between the Ground Water Branch, U.S. Geological Survey, and the Oregon State Engineer. The northern Willamette Valley area is one of the fastest growing areas of ground-water use within the state. The purpose of the investigation is to obtain an understanding of the availability, movement, and chemical quality of the ground-water resources of the area. This information is needed to attain an optimum development of the ground-water resources of the area and to aid in the prevention of problems of overdevelopment and pollution. The first phase of the program was the collection of well records, water level records, and chemical quality data in the central part of this area, which is known as the French Prairie-Mission Bottom area. The records collected in this phase of the study are essential in the preparation of an interpretive report describing the occurrence and movement of ground-water in the French Prairie-Mission Bottom area. These records, which will not be included in the interpretive report that is being prepared at this time, are being made available in this publication to aid in the location and the development of the ground-water resources of the area, and to serve as a supplement to the forthcoming interpretive report.

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