In 1996, at the request of the Government of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, a team of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists produced a strategic plan for the acquisition, improvement and modernization of multidisciplinary sets of data to support the growth of the Mauritanian minerals sector and to highlight the geological and mineral exploration potential of the country. In 1999, the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania implemented a program for the acquisition of the recommended basic geoscientific information, termed the first Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier (Project for Institutional Capacity Building in the Mining Sector, PRISM-I). As a result of the PRISM-I efforts, a great deal of new geological, geophysical, geochemical, remote sensing, and hydrological data became available for evaluation and synthesis. However, the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines recognized that additional work was required to extract the full benefit of the data before it could be of greatest use to the international community and of benefit to the Mauritanian minerals and development sector.
\nTo achieve this benefit, the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines implemented a second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier (PRISM-II) in 2006 to consolidate, synthesize, and interpret all of the existing data, create a new 1:1,000,000 scale geologic map, and define the mineral resource potential of the country. A consortium in which the USGS was the lead scientific agency carried out the majority of the PRISM-II work. In 2008, the USGS Mauritania Minerals Project was interrupted due to political changes in Mauritania. PRISM-II work resumed in 2011, and was completed in 2013 with the delivery of over 40 separate written reports and plates, an access file containing the Mauritanian National Mineral Deposits Database, and an interactive GIS containing all of the multi-disciplinary data and interpretive areas of mineral resource potential in Mauritania.
\nThis report contains the USGS results of the PRISM-II Mauritania Minerals Project and is presented in cooperation with the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania. The Report is composed of separate chapters consisting of multidisciplinary interpretive reports with accompanying plates on the geology, structure, geochronology, geophysics, hydrogeology, geochemistry, remote sensing (Landsat TM and ASTER), and SRTM and ASTER digital elevation models of Mauritania. The syntheses of these multidisciplinary data formed the basis for additional chapters containing interpretive reports on 12 different commodities and deposit types known to occur in Mauritania, accompanied by countrywide mineral resource potential maps of each commodity/deposit type. The commodities and deposit types represented include: (1) Ni, Cu, PGE, and Cr deposits hosted in ultramafic rocks; (2) orogenic, Carlin-like, and epithermal gold deposits; (3) polymetallic Pb-Zn-Cu vein deposits; (4) sediment-hosted Pb-Zn-Ag deposits of the SEDEX and Mississippi Valley-type; (5) sediment-hosted copper deposits; ( 6) volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits; (7) iron oxide copper-gold deposits; (8) uranium deposits; (9) Algoma-, Superior-, and oolitic-type iron deposits; (10) shoreline Ti-Zr placer deposits; (11) incompatible element deposits hosted in pegmatites, alkaline rocks, and carbonatites, and; (12) industrial mineral deposits. Additional chapters include the Mauritanian National Mineral Deposits Database are accompanied by an explanatory text and the Mauritania Minerals Project GIS that contains all of the interpretive layers created by USGS scientists. Raw data not in the public domain may be obtained from the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines in Nouakchott, Mauritania.
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\nTo achieve this benefit, the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines implemented a second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier (PRISM-II) in 2006 to consolidate, synthesize, and interpret all of the existing data, create a new 1:1,000,000 scale geologic map, and define the mineral resource potential of the country. A consortium in which the USGS was the lead scientific agency carried out the majority of the PRISM-II work. In 2008, the USGS Mauritania Minerals Project was interrupted due to political changes in Mauritania. PRISM-II work resumed in 2011, and was completed in 2013 with the delivery of over 40 separate written reports and plates, an access file containing the Mauritanian National Mineral Deposits Database, and an interactive GIS containing all of the multi-disciplinary data and interpretive areas of mineral resource potential in Mauritania.
\nThis report contains the USGS results of the PRISM-II Mauritania Minerals Project and is presented in cooperation with the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania. The Report is composed of separate chapters consisting of multidisciplinary interpretive reports with accompanying plates on the geology, structure, geochronology, geophysics, hydrogeology, geochemistry, remote sensing (Landsat TM and ASTER), and SRTM and ASTER digital elevation models of Mauritania. The syntheses of these multidisciplinary data formed the basis for additional chapters containing interpretive reports on 12 different commodities and deposit types known to occur in Mauritania, accompanied by countrywide mineral resource potential maps of each commodity/deposit type. The commodities and deposit types represented include: (1) Ni, Cu, PGE, and Cr deposits hosted in ultramafic rocks; (2) orogenic, Carlin-like, and epithermal gold deposits; (3) polymetallic Pb-Zn-Cu vein deposits; (4) sediment-hosted Pb-Zn-Ag deposits of the SEDEX and Mississippi Valley-type; (5) sediment-hosted copper deposits; ( 6) volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits; (7) iron oxide copper-gold deposits; (8) uranium deposits; (9) Algoma-, Superior-, and oolitic-type iron deposits; (10) shoreline Ti-Zr placer deposits; (11) incompatible element deposits hosted in pegmatites, alkaline rocks, and carbonatites, and; (12) industrial mineral deposits. Additional chapters include the Mauritanian National Mineral Deposits Database are accompanied by an explanatory text and the Mauritania Minerals Project GIS that contains all of the interpretive layers created by USGS scientists. Raw data not in the public domain may be obtained from the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines in Nouakchott, Mauritania.
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2015 - Mineral potential for incompatible element deposits hosted in pegmatites, alkaline rocks, and carbonatites in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 87)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70159515,"text":"ofr20131280Q - 2015 - Mineral potential for incompatible element deposits hosted in pegmatites, alkaline rocks, and carbonatites in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 87)","indexId":"ofr20131280Q","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"chapter":"Q","title":"Mineral potential for incompatible element deposits hosted in pegmatites, alkaline rocks, and carbonatites in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 87)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-08T16:57:37.820127","indexId":"ofr20131280Q","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1280","chapter":"Q","title":"Mineral potential for incompatible element deposits hosted in pegmatites, alkaline rocks, and carbonatites in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 87)","docAbstract":"Review of PRISM-I documents and the National inventory of mineral occurrences suggests that resources of U, Th, Nb, Ta, Be, rare earth elements (REEs) and fluorite are known in Mauritania and have been exploited in the past at the Bou Naga alkaline complex. Several different deposit types are indicated by the available data. Pegmatitic veins are recorded in several areas of the Archean and Paleoproterozoic portions of the Rgueïbat Shield and are prospective for resources of Li, Be, Nb, Ta, U, Th, and REEs. Over 150 beryl pegmatites are known in the Khnefissat and Inkebden areas of the Chami greenstone belt, and additional concentrations of pegmatites are known in the Guelb Nich Sud area of the Sebkhet Nich greenstone belt and in the northeastern part of the Amsaga Complex. Due to the small size of these deposits, they are unlikely to be economic unless additional value can be gained by processing contained minerals for their industrial uses.
\nPotential for incompatible element deposits associated with alkaline granites, syenites, and phonolites of the Tigsmat el Khadra Complex exists in the Paleoproterozoic portion of the Rgueïbat Shield in northern and northeastern Mauritania. The small alkaline complex at Tabatanet is associated with a magnetic and radiometric anomaly and consists of a probable vein-type deposit that extends for 500 m. The hyperalkaline granite at Tigsmat may have REE enrichments in associated placers but appears to be of low potential. Two other areas at el Mrhader and at el Hajar have indications of potential based on geophysics and high scintillometer readings. All of these prospects and past mining at Bou Naga indicate potential for mineralization related to alkaline igneous rocks.
\nA third major possibility for U, Th, REE, and other incompatible elements exists in association with carbonatite complexes, known to be present in Mauritania. Deposits of this type can host a wide array of valuable metals and industrial minerals (for example, Phalabora carbonatite complex, South Africa; Hicks Dome carbonatite complex and associated fluorite deposits of the Illinois-Kentucky Fluorspar District of the U.S. Midcontinent) and are most common in cratonic areas that have undergone rifting. PRISM-I studies suggest the presence of a carbonatite at Guelb er Richat and a coincident high thorium geophysical anomaly. The co-location of Guelb er Richat on prominent ENE trending structures with two separate swarms of kimberlite intrusions suggest that this structure is seated in the sub-Taoudeni cratonic basement and could localize the emplacement of additional carbonatite (and kimberlite) bodies.
\nUSGS review of PRISM-I data suggests that there is abundant documentation of the Bou Naga alkaline complex and to a lesser degree, the Guelb er Richat carbonatite complex, but that all other occurrences of U, Th, REE, and associated elements are poorly described, and poorly understood (Taylor, 2007)
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2015 - Mineral potential tracts for orogenic, Carlin-like, and epithermal gold deposits in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, (phase V, deliverable 69)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70159512,"text":"ofr20131280H - 2015 - Mineral potential tracts for orogenic, Carlin-like, and epithermal gold deposits in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, (phase V, deliverable 69)","indexId":"ofr20131280H","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"chapter":"H","title":"Mineral potential tracts for orogenic, Carlin-like, and epithermal gold deposits in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, (phase V, deliverable 69)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 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The Tasiast belt of deposits, which came into production in 2007, is located in the southwestern corner of the Rgueïbat Shield and defines a world-class Paleoproterozoic(?) orogenic gold ore system. The producing Guelb Moghrein deposit occurs along a shear zone in Middle Archean rocks at the bend in the Northern Mauritanides and is most commonly stated to be an iron oxide-copper-gold (IOCG) type of deposit, although it also has some important characteristics of orogenic gold and skarn deposits. Both major deposits are surrounded by numerous prospects that show similar mineralization styles. The Guelb Moghrein deposit, and IOCG deposit types in general are discussed in greater detail in a companion report by Fernette (2015). In addition, many small gold prospects, which are probably orogenic gold occurrences and are suggested to be early Paleozoic in age, occur along the length of Southern Mauritanides. Existing data indicate the gold deposits and prospects in Mauritania have a sulfide assemblage most commonly dominated by pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite, and have ore-related fluids with apparently high salinities.
\nA preliminary evaluation of these gold data can be used to develop broad, firstorder tracts defining favorable and permissive areas for gold resources; detailed metamorphic and structural maps are required for more detailed future tract definition. Such a first-order assessment can, nonetheless, broadly identify four tracts of gold resource potential. Three of these are favorable for discovery of new orogenic gold deposits. One tract, although not favorable, is nevertheless permissive for discovery of epithermal gold deposits. Tract 1 is defined by favorable medium metamorphic grade greenstone belts within vast areas of unfavorable high metamorphic grade, Mesoarchean and Paleoproterozoic granite-gneiss basement of the Rgueïbat Shield. Faults >200 km in length following the general strike of the greenstone belts; lineament intersections with both exposed and buried parts of greenstone belts within 500 m of the surface, as defined by aeromagnetic data (Finn and Anderson, 2015); and areas of banded iron formation (BIF) in the belts are particularly favorable areas for hosting gold resources in orogenic gold deposits within and along the margins of the greenstone belts. Tracts 2 and 3, also for orogenic gold, reflect the favorable Proterozoic-Cambrian metamorphic rocks of the Northern and Southern Mauritanides, with >200-km-long faults following the general strike of the range, and areas underlain by ultramafic and BIF rocks being particularly favorable. Outcrops of Triassic-Jurassic igneous rocks along the margins of the Taoudeni Basin define tract 4, which is permissive for epithermal gold deposits. Although extensive data are lacking for the area, carbonate units along the northern side of the Taoudeni Basin could be considered permissive host rocks for Carlin-type mineralization, but the deep-water carbonate lithologies are typically not favorable for such.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Second projet de renforcement institutionnel du secteur minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) (Open File Report 2013-1280)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131280H","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania","usgsCitation":"Goldfarb, R.J., Marsh, E.E., Anderson, E.D., Horton, J.D., Finn, C.A., and Beaudoin, G., 2015, Mineral potential tracts for orogenic, Carlin-like, and epithermal gold deposits in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, (phase V, deliverable 69): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1280, vi, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131280H.","productDescription":"vi, 19 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documents mention the presence of mafic-ultramafic igneous intrusive rocks in several areas of Mauritania and a number of chromium (Cr) and copper-nickel (Cu-Ni (±Co, Au)) occurrences associated with them. Permissive geologic settings generally include greenstone belts of any age, layered mafic-ultramafic and unlayered gabbro-anorthosite intrusive complexes in cratonic settings, ophiolite complexes, flood basalt provinces, and fluid-rich shear zones cutting accumulations of mafic-ultramafic rocks. Regions of Mauritania having these characteristics that are discussed in PRISM-I texts include the Mesoarchean greenstone belts of the TasiastTijirit terrane in the southwestern Rgueïbat Shield, two separate layered ultramafic complexes in the Amsaga Complex west of Atar, serpentinized metadunites in Mesoarchean rocks of the Rgueïbat Shield in the Zednes map sheet, several lateritized annular mafic-ultramafic complexes in the Paleoproterozoic northwestern portion of the Rgueïbat Shield, and the serpentinized ophiolitic segments of the Gorgol Noir Complex in the axial portion of the southern Mauritanides. Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) work in the “Extreme Sud” zone also suggests that small copper occurrences associated with the extensive Jurassic microgabbroic intrusive rocks in the Taoudeni Basin of southeastern Mauritania could have potential for magmatic Cu-Ni (PGE, Co, Au) sulfide mineralization. Similarly, Jurassic mafic intrusive rocks in the northeastern Taoudeni Basin may be permissive. Known magmatic Cu-Ni deposits of these types in Mauritania are few in number and some uncertainty exists as to the nature of several of the more important ones.
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This report and accompanying maps constitute project deliverables 60–64. All digital data for use in Geographic Information System (GIS) and image processing software will be included in the GIS deliverable 92. Image maps in PDF format of the processed Landsat and ASTER scenes are referenced in the appendixes.
\nSamples of rock, alluvium, colluvium, and (or) eolian sediments were collected at 41 locations during the 2007 field campaign. A point shapefile (“IRM07_sample_gps_points.shp”) containing these locations will be included in GIS deliverable 92. Most of the samples were characterized in the laboratory using a full-range ASD™ (Analytical Spectral Devices) FieldSpec II spectrometer.
\nThe image products derived from Landsat TM and ASTER data enable the delineation of mineral groups across wide areas based on color response. Guides are provided that allow users to interpret these colors as to mineral group occurrence over lithologic units and known deposits. This information can be extrapolated to other geologically permissive tracts for various deposit types in the search for similar mineralogic responses that may be indicative of concealed deposits.
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Georges","contributorId":149747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beaudoin","given":"Georges","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17811,"text":"Département de Géologie et de Génie Géologique, 1065 avenue de la Médecine, Québec Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lee, Gregory K. glee@usgs.gov","contributorId":1220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Gregory","email":"glee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ramezani, Jahan","contributorId":149748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramezani","given":"Jahan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17812,"text":"Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bradley, Daniel N.","contributorId":149749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bradley","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":17813,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey volunteer; now at Harvard University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Jones, James V. III 0000-0002-6602-5935 jvjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6602-5935","contributorId":201245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jvjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Bowring, Samuel","contributorId":149750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowring","given":"Samuel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17812,"text":"Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70156597,"text":"ofr20131280K - 2015 - Mineral potential for sediment-hosted copper deposits in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 75)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70156597,"text":"ofr20131280K - 2015 - Mineral potential for sediment-hosted copper deposits in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 75)","indexId":"ofr20131280K","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"chapter":"K","title":"Mineral potential for sediment-hosted copper deposits in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 75)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-08T17:32:05.765553","indexId":"ofr20131280K","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1280","chapter":"K","title":"Mineral potential for sediment-hosted copper deposits in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 75)","docAbstract":"The presence of Neoproterozoic through Cambrian, continental, siliciclastic sedimentary rocks interbedded with dolomitic carbonates, shales, and glacial tillites similar to the Katanga Supergroup host rocks of the Central African Copperbelt and other sediment-hosted copper-bearing Proterozoic sequences worldwide, is first order criteria for consideration of the Neoproterozoic units of the Taoudeni Basin in Mauritania as prospective for sediment-hosted copper deposits. Review of the National Mineral Occurrences Database (Marsh and Anderson, 2015) and previous literature suggest that only a handful of small sediment-hosted copper occurrences have been found to date in Mauritania and that the resource potential for this deposit type is low. In the northern Taoudeni Basin, the most important occurrence is at Taradent. This occurrence consists of three mineralized horizons in the lower Neoproterozoic Char Group in three outcrop areas separated by alluvium over a strike length of 12 kilometers (km). The most extensively mineralized horizon consists of malachite and disseminated copper sulfides, and is concentrated at the base of a dolomitic interval, consistent with a reduced faciestype sediment-hosted copper deposit model. Additional and poorly described copper occurrences in the Taoudeni Basin margin sedimentary rocks in northeastern Mauritania, such as Chegga Guettatira and Sidi Bara, may be sediment-hosted copper occurrences and extend the potential throughout this portion of the Basin.
\nAdditional potential for sediment-hosted copper deposits is indicated in reports by the British Geological Survey (BGS; Gunn and others, 2004) and BRGM (Salpeteur, 2005) in the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian sedimentary rocks (Teniagouri Group) of the central and southern Taoudeni Basin at a number of occurrences in the vicinity of Fouges, Weringuel, and Gig Zig. These occurrences exhibit characteristics consistent with a reduced-facies-type sediment-hosted copper deposit model and based on correlation of similar host rocks extend the potential throughout the entire Taoudeni Basin margin. Very poorly described copper occurrences in the northeastern and southeastern part of the Basin at Kreb en Naga, Kreb en Naga SW, Berbere, Dhar Nema, Dhar Nema 2, Saile, and Nejam-Medroume all are described as occurring in sedimentary rocks and are hosted by or are in close proximity to voluminous outcrops of Jurassic microgabbros (also referred to as dolerite or diabase). Uncertainty exists as to whether they are sediment-hosted copper occurrences. They are likely more closely analogous to copper occurrences associated with mafic igneous activity.
\nThe determination of whether reported copper occurrences and associated sedimentary rocks at Kreb en Naga and Kreb en Naga SW in the northeastern Taoudeni Basin and the Dhar Nema occurrences in the southeastern Taoudeni are permissive of sediment-hosted copper mineralization was inconclusive due to the absence of copper showings. While sedimentary host rocks at these locations must be broadly considered permissive, the absence of other favorable geologic features in these areas indicates that the potential for mineral deposits of this type is low. The widespread presence of mafic sills and dikes of Jurassic age throughout these areas and descriptions of associated minor copper mineralization suggests that many of the copper occurrences in these areas are not of the sediment-hosted copper type.
\nHighly speculative potential exists in the Coastal Basin for Revett-type copper deposits in unexposed Jurassic-Cretaceous sandstones that may contain structural traps with gas accumulations. Eocene continental red bed sandstones of the Gorgol Formation, where overlain by the shallow marine sedimentary rocks of the Rinndiao Formation, represent an additional low potential rock sequence within the southeastern portion of the Coastal Basin that is permissive of sediment-hosted copper deposits.
\nField examinations of outcrop areas in the vicinity of many of the known occurrences were performed in late 2007 to provide additional criteria for evaluating the potential for this type of mineralization in Mauritania. In general, the geographic coordinates of occurrences are imprecise and many of the occurrences could not be located. Examination of outcrops of the Char Group in the Taradent area confirms the permissive nature of these rocks for reduced-facies-type sediment-hosted copper deposits. Inspection of weak copper mineralization hosted by black shales at several occurrences in the Gadel-Maylime area confirms that these occurrences are also of the reduced-faciestype and that the black and green shales of the Bouly and Ould Yenje Formations are permissive. Reported copper analyses up to 0.75 percent copper at Taradent and a single analysis of mineralized shale in the Gadel-Maylime area containing 0.55 percent copper indicate that low grade ore material exists at these locations. However indications that such copper grades are continuous over significant intervals and present in large tonnages are lacking.
\nAlthough mineral occurrence data and descriptive geological information are adequate to delineate areas favorable for sediment-hosted copper deposits, this review indicates that potential for this type of deposit in Mauritania is low.
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2015 - Mineral potential for volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, (phase V, deliverable 77)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70156598,"text":"ofr20131280L - 2015 - Mineral potential for volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, (phase V, deliverable 77)","indexId":"ofr20131280L","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"chapter":"L","title":"Mineral potential for volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, (phase V, deliverable 77)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 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Additional potential exists for VMS deposits within the Tiris Complex of the central Rgueïbat Shield. Volcanosedimentary successions of Paleoproterozoic rocks of the northeastern portion of the Rgueïbat Shield are also permissive for volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits. These types of mineral occurrences are common features of marine volcanosedimentary successions worldwide and can be of almost any age, although Proterozoic examples are less abundant.
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2015 - Reported industrial minerals occurrences and permissive areas for other occurrences in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, (phase V, deliverable 89)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70156600,"text":"ofr20131280R - 2015 - Reported industrial minerals occurrences and permissive areas for other occurrences in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, (phase V, deliverable 89)","indexId":"ofr20131280R","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"chapter":"R","title":"Reported industrial minerals occurrences and permissive areas for other occurrences in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, (phase V, deliverable 89)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 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Gypsum, phosphate, salt, stone, sulfur, and ilmenite command the majority of the attention in the earlier geologic reports. (Ilmenite is evaluated in a separate U.S. Geological Survey report in the current study). Asbestos, arsenic, barite, fluorite, and kaolin are listed in indices (occurrence datasets) as potential mineral resources (Marsh and Anderson, 2015), but previous reports do not elaborate on their development potential. Beryl, described herein with the discussions of pegmatites, is also listed in indices of potential mineral resources, but has not been described in terms of its industrial mineral potential. Short discussions on the potential for cement (carbonate rocks), glass sand, peat, and sillimanite resources are included in this report.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Second projet de renforcement institutionnel du secteur minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) (Open File Report 2013-1280)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131280R","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., 2015, Reported industrial minerals occurrences and permissive areas for other occurrences in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, (phase V, deliverable 89): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1280, viii, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131280R.","productDescription":"viii, 22 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052720","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319101,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131280R.PNG"},{"id":319100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1280/Final_Reports_English/deliverable_89-Industrial_Minerals-chapter_R.pdf","text":"Chapter R","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Mauritania","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-12.17075,14.61683],[-12.83066,15.30369],[-13.43574,16.03938],[-14.09952,16.3043],[-14.57735,16.59826],[-15.13574,16.58728],[-15.62367,16.36934],[-16.12069,16.45566],[-16.4631,16.13504],[-16.54971,16.67389],[-16.27055,17.16696],[-16.14635,18.10848],[-16.25688,19.09672],[-16.37765,19.59382],[-16.27784,20.09252],[-16.53632,20.56787],[-17.06342,20.99975],[-16.84519,21.33332],[-12.9291,21.32707],[-13.11875,22.77122],[-12.87422,23.28483],[-11.93722,23.37459],[-11.96942,25.93335],[-8.68729,25.88106],[-8.6844,27.39574],[-4.92334,24.97457],[-6.45379,24.95659],[-5.97113,20.64083],[-5.48852,16.3251],[-5.31528,16.20185],[-5.53774,15.50169],[-9.55024,15.4865],[-9.70026,15.26411],[-10.08685,15.33049],[-10.65079,15.13275],[-11.3491,15.41126],[-11.66608,15.38821],[-11.83421,14.7991],[-12.17075,14.61683]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Mauritania\"}}]}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f11b6ce4b0f59b85ddc4f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, William H. blanger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"William","email":"blanger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":622192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70156594,"text":"ofr20131280J - 2015 - Permissive tracts for sediment-hosted lead-zinc-silver deposits in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 73)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70156594,"text":"ofr20131280J - 2015 - Permissive tracts for sediment-hosted lead-zinc-silver deposits in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 73)","indexId":"ofr20131280J","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"chapter":"J","title":"Permissive tracts for sediment-hosted lead-zinc-silver deposits in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 73)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-09T20:47:41.024555","indexId":"ofr20131280J","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1280","chapter":"J","title":"Permissive tracts for sediment-hosted lead-zinc-silver deposits in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 73)","docAbstract":"Although Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) deposits have not been recognized in Mauritania there are permissive tracts for these deposits in the regionally extensive Proterozoic carbonate rocks of the Taoudeni Basin. Permissive tracts for undiscovered MVT Pb-Zn-Ag deposits in the Proterozoic carbonate units are supported by the occurrences of MVT mineral and alteration assemblages, presence of evaporites, proximity to major orogenic events that have produced MVT ores elsewhere, red bed sequences and basal aquifers that may have been potential brine migration pathways for large MVT hydrothermal systems.
\nPermissive tracts for SEDEX (sedimentary exhalative) deposits coincide with those for MVT deposits. However, the geodynamic setting of the Taoudeni Basin is unlike that of SEDEX ores elsewhere on Earth, and therefore the potential for this class of deposits must be rather low. SEDEX deposits occur along tectonically active, shale dominated passive margins or in intracontinental rift basins.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Second projet de renforcement institutionnel du secteur minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) (Open File Report 2013-1280)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131280J","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania","usgsCitation":"Mauk, J.L., 2015, Permissive tracts for sediment-hosted lead-zinc-silver deposits in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 73): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1280, vi, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131280J.","productDescription":"vi, 13 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052709","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319114,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1280/Final_Reports_English/deliverable_73-Sediment_Hosted_Pb_Zn_Ag-chapter_J.pdf","text":"Chapter J","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":319115,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131280J.PNG"}],"country":"Mauritania","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-12.17075,14.61683],[-12.83066,15.30369],[-13.43574,16.03938],[-14.09952,16.3043],[-14.57735,16.59826],[-15.13574,16.58728],[-15.62367,16.36934],[-16.12069,16.45566],[-16.4631,16.13504],[-16.54971,16.67389],[-16.27055,17.16696],[-16.14635,18.10848],[-16.25688,19.09672],[-16.37765,19.59382],[-16.27784,20.09252],[-16.53632,20.56787],[-17.06342,20.99975],[-16.84519,21.33332],[-12.9291,21.32707],[-13.11875,22.77122],[-12.87422,23.28483],[-11.93722,23.37459],[-11.96942,25.93335],[-8.68729,25.88106],[-8.6844,27.39574],[-4.92334,24.97457],[-6.45379,24.95659],[-5.97113,20.64083],[-5.48852,16.3251],[-5.31528,16.20185],[-5.53774,15.50169],[-9.55024,15.4865],[-9.70026,15.26411],[-10.08685,15.33049],[-10.65079,15.13275],[-11.3491,15.41126],[-11.66608,15.38821],[-11.83421,14.7991],[-12.17075,14.61683]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Mauritania\"}}]}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f11b66e4b0f59b85ddc4be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mauk, Jeffrey L. 0000-0002-6244-2774 jmauk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6244-2774","contributorId":4101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mauk","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jmauk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70156599,"text":"ofr20131280O - 2015 - Algoma-, Superior-, and oolitic-type iron deposits of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 83)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70156599,"text":"ofr20131280O - 2015 - Algoma-, Superior-, and oolitic-type iron deposits of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 83)","indexId":"ofr20131280O","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"chapter":"O","title":"Algoma-, Superior-, and oolitic-type iron deposits of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 83)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-08T17:14:52.388109","indexId":"ofr20131280O","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1280","chapter":"O","title":"Algoma-, Superior-, and oolitic-type iron deposits of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 83)","docAbstract":"High-grade hematitic iron ores (or HIF, containing 60–65 percent Fe) have been mined in Mauritania from Superior-type iron deposits since 1952. Depletion of the high grade ores in recent years has resulted in a number of new projects focused on lower grade magnetite ores in Algoma-type banded iron formation (or BIF, containing approximately 35 percent Fe). Large deposits of oolitic-type iron ores are also present in Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks in Mauritania. According to recent U.S. Geological Survey figures, Mauritania is the fifteenth largest iron producer in the World and currently has about 1.1 billion tonnes of crude iron ore reserves (USGS, 2012).
\nThe main hosts for Algoma-type iron ore are BIF in: (1) the Mesoarchean rocks of the Tiris Complex and (2) Amsaga Complex, (3) the Mesoarchean Lebzenia Group in the greenstone belts of the Tasiast-Tijirit terrane, and (4) the Saouda Group of the Inchiri district. Neoarchean Algoma-type BIF is present in the (5) Eizzene and Oumachouema Groups of the Inchiri district, (6) the Ijibbitene Group of the Ijibbitene massif, and (7) the Guenieba and Gadel Groups of the Gorgol Noir Complex in the southern Mauritanides. Superior-type iron ores are restricted to the allochthonous Paleoproterozoic sequences of the Kediat Ijil and Guelb El Mhaoudat, which overlie the Tiris Complex. Paleoproterozoic BIF are present in the Sfariat belt, which hosts at least three known occurrences, and at Guelb Zednes, all of which are interpreted as fragments of Superior-type iron formation that have been either imbricated with or allochthonously deposited on the Mesoarchean-Paleoproterozoic suture zone during the Birimian orogeny.
\nPhanerozoic oolitic ironstones are hosted in the upper Silurian and lower Devonian rocks of the Gara Bouya Ali Group and the Zemmour Group in the Tindouf Basin in northern Mauritania and in the end Ordovician Tichit Group, the Silurian Oued Chig Group, and the lower Devonian Tenemouj Group in the Taoudeni Basin near Tidjikja. These rock groups define 11 permissive tracts for Algoma-, Superior-, and oolitic-type iron deposits in Mauritania.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Second projet de renforcement institutionnel du secteur minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) (Open File Report 2013-1280)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131280O","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania","usgsCitation":"Taylor, C.D., Finn, C.A., Anderson, E.D., Joud, M., Taleb, M.A., and Horton, J.D., 2015, Algoma-, Superior-, and oolitic-type iron deposits of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 83): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1280, xi, 96 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131280O.","productDescription":"xi, 96 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052713","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319133,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131280O.PNG"},{"id":319132,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1280/Final_Reports_English/deliverable_83-Sed_Fe-chapter_O.pdf","text":"Chapter O","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Mauritania","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-12.17075,14.61683],[-12.83066,15.30369],[-13.43574,16.03938],[-14.09952,16.3043],[-14.57735,16.59826],[-15.13574,16.58728],[-15.62367,16.36934],[-16.12069,16.45566],[-16.4631,16.13504],[-16.54971,16.67389],[-16.27055,17.16696],[-16.14635,18.10848],[-16.25688,19.09672],[-16.37765,19.59382],[-16.27784,20.09252],[-16.53632,20.56787],[-17.06342,20.99975],[-16.84519,21.33332],[-12.9291,21.32707],[-13.11875,22.77122],[-12.87422,23.28483],[-11.93722,23.37459],[-11.96942,25.93335],[-8.68729,25.88106],[-8.6844,27.39574],[-4.92334,24.97457],[-6.45379,24.95659],[-5.97113,20.64083],[-5.48852,16.3251],[-5.31528,16.20185],[-5.53774,15.50169],[-9.55024,15.4865],[-9.70026,15.26411],[-10.08685,15.33049],[-10.65079,15.13275],[-11.3491,15.41126],[-11.66608,15.38821],[-11.83421,14.7991],[-12.17075,14.61683]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Mauritania\"}}]}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f11b31e4b0f59b85ddc2e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Cliff D. 0000-0001-6376-6298 ctaylor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6376-6298","contributorId":1283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Cliff","email":"ctaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finn, Carol A. 0000-0002-6178-0405 cfinn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6178-0405","contributorId":1326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Carol","email":"cfinn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Eric D. 0000-0002-0138-6166 ericanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-6166","contributorId":1733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Eric","email":"ericanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Joud, M. Y.","contributorId":146959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joud","given":"M. Y.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Taleb, M. A.","contributorId":146960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taleb","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Horton, John D. 0000-0003-2969-9073 jhorton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-9073","contributorId":1227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"John","email":"jhorton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":623184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70156593,"text":"ofr20131280D - 2015 - Database creation, data quality assessment, and geochemical maps (phase V, deliverable 59)—Final report on compilation and validation of geochemical data","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70156593,"text":"ofr20131280D - 2015 - Database creation, data quality assessment, and geochemical maps (phase V, deliverable 59)—Final report on compilation and validation of geochemical data","indexId":"ofr20131280D","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"Database creation, data quality assessment, and geochemical maps (phase V, deliverable 59)—Final report on compilation and validation of geochemical data"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-08T17:45:35.163813","indexId":"ofr20131280D","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1280","chapter":"D","title":"Database creation, data quality assessment, and geochemical maps (phase V, deliverable 59)—Final report on compilation and validation of geochemical data","docAbstract":"Under the World Bank-funded Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la Republique Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II), this Phase V geochemistry report follows earlier Phase I and Phase II summary reports on geochemical data (U.S. Geological Survey, 2007 and Eppinger, 2007; respectively). All the reports are based on evaluations of geochemical data collected in 1999-2004 under an earlier World Bank program (PRISM-I) by the British Geological Survey (BGS) and the Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) for the Government of Mauritania. There are no associated Phase III or IV reports.
\nThe geochemical sample media collected by the BGS and BRGM under the PRISM-I contract included rock, sediment, regolith, and soil samples. Details on sample collection procedures are in unpublished reports available from PRISM. These samples were analyzed under PRISM-I contract by ALS Chemex Laboratories using various combinations of modern methods including fire-assay inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICPAES) and ICP-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for Au; multi-acid digestion, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) for Ag and As; 47-element, four-acid digestion, ICP-MS; 27-element, fouracid digestion, ICP-AES; special four-acid ICP-MS techniques for Pt and B; fire assay followed by ICP-AES for platinum-group elements; whole-rock analyses by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (XRF); special techniques for loss-on-ignition, inorganic C, and total S; and special ore-grade AAS techniques for Ag, Au, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. Around 30,000 samples were analyzed by at least one technique. However, it is stressed here that: (1) there was no common sample medium collected at all sites, likely due to the vast geological and geomorphologic differences across the country, (2) the sample site distribution is very irregular, likely due in part to access constraints and sand dune cover, and (3) there was no common across-the-board trace element analytical package used for all samples. These three aspects fundamentally affect the ability to produce country-wide geochemical maps of Mauritania. Gold (Au), silver (Ag), and arsenic (As) were the three elements that were most commonly analyzed.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Second projet de renforcement institutionnel du secteur minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) (Open File Report 2013-1280)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131280D","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania","usgsCitation":"Eppinger, R.G., Giles, S.A., Lee, G.K., and Smith, S.M., 2015, Database creation, data quality assessment, and geochemical maps (phase V, deliverable 59)—Final report on compilation and validation of geochemical data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1280, viii, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131280D.","productDescription":"viii, 52 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052690","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319066,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131280D.PNG"},{"id":319065,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1280/Final_Reports_English/deliverable_59-Geochemistry-chapter_D.pdf","text":"Chapter D","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Mauritania","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-12.17075,14.61683],[-12.83066,15.30369],[-13.43574,16.03938],[-14.09952,16.3043],[-14.57735,16.59826],[-15.13574,16.58728],[-15.62367,16.36934],[-16.12069,16.45566],[-16.4631,16.13504],[-16.54971,16.67389],[-16.27055,17.16696],[-16.14635,18.10848],[-16.25688,19.09672],[-16.37765,19.59382],[-16.27784,20.09252],[-16.53632,20.56787],[-17.06342,20.99975],[-16.84519,21.33332],[-12.9291,21.32707],[-13.11875,22.77122],[-12.87422,23.28483],[-11.93722,23.37459],[-11.96942,25.93335],[-8.68729,25.88106],[-8.6844,27.39574],[-4.92334,24.97457],[-6.45379,24.95659],[-5.97113,20.64083],[-5.48852,16.3251],[-5.31528,16.20185],[-5.53774,15.50169],[-9.55024,15.4865],[-9.70026,15.26411],[-10.08685,15.33049],[-10.65079,15.13275],[-11.3491,15.41126],[-11.66608,15.38821],[-11.83421,14.7991],[-12.17075,14.61683]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Mauritania\"}}]}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f11b3ce4b0f59b85ddc347","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eppinger, Robert G. eppinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eppinger","given":"Robert","email":"eppinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Giles, Stuart A. 0000-0002-8696-5078 sgiles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8696-5078","contributorId":1233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giles","given":"Stuart","email":"sgiles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, Gregory K. glee@usgs.gov","contributorId":1220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Gregory","email":"glee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Steven M. 0000-0003-3591-5377 smsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3591-5377","contributorId":1460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Steven","email":"smsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70162626,"text":"70162626 - 2015 - Geohydrologic and water-quality characterization of a fractured-bedrock test hole in an area of Marcellus shale gas development, Tioga County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-29T10:05:36","indexId":"70162626","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":128,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"15-24.0","title":"Geohydrologic and water-quality characterization of a fractured-bedrock test hole in an area of Marcellus shale gas development, Tioga County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"An integrated analysis of core, geophysical logs, gas isotopes, and specific-depth water-quality samples from the Cherry Flats test hole was used to characterize the stratigraphy, water-bearing zones, and groundwater quality at a site in southern Tioga County, Pennsylvania. The study was completed as a cooperative effort between the Pennsylvania Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey (BTGS) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The multi-disciplinary characterization of the test hole provided information to aid the bedrock mapping of the Cherry Flats 7.5-minute quadrangle by BTGS, and to help quantify the depth and character of fresh and saline groundwater in an area of shale-gas exploration.\n The Cherry Flats test hole was cored to a depth of 1,513 feet (ft) below land surface (bls) and cased to 189 ft through the collapsed mine workings of the former Arnot No. 2 underground coal mine. The test hole penetrated\n128.0 ft of Allegheny Formation and 154.1 ft of Pottsville Formation of Pennsylvanian age, 564.8 ft of Huntley Mountain Formation of Mississippian and Devonian age, and 666.3 ft of Catskill Formation of Devonian age. Core recovery was nearly 100 percent, except where\ncomplete core loss occurred from a depth of 1,231.1 to 1,240.8 ft. Several coal beds and mined-out coal horizons were penetrated in the Allegheny and Pottsville Formations. The test hole penetrated the entire thickness of the\nHuntley Mountain Formation and was completed in the middle part of the Catskill Formation.\n Bedding features penetrated by the test hole were estimated to have a strike of 021 degrees and dip about 1.7 degrees to the southeast, consistent\nwith the test-hole location on the north limb of the Blossburg syncline. Most fractures penetrated by the test hole were parallel to bedding, with steeply dipping fractures present but much less common. Fracture density, determined from optical televiewer, acoustic televiewer, and video logs, generally increased with depth from the base of casing to about 400 ft bls, then decreased with depth to the bottom of the hole except for an increase from 506 to 568 ft bls. Very few fractures were penetrated from 600 to 850 ft.\n The depths of fresh and saline water-bearing zones were identified in the test hole by geophysical-log analysis and, for inflow zones, verified by specific-depth groundwater sampling by the use of a wire-line point sampler.\nUnder ambient conditions and during pumping of the test hole, fresh water entered the hole from fractures at 567 and 580.5 ft bls, within grayish-red siltstone and greenish-gray sandstone, respectively, and flowed upward and\nexited at fractures from 303 to 319.5 ft; a very minor amount exited into fractures within coal beds at 240.4 and 252 ft bls. Transmissivity, estimated from analysis of the specific-capacity data and flowmeter logs, was about 18 ft2/d for the fracture zones from 567 to 580.5 ft and 6.7 ft2/d for fracture zones from 240.4 to 252 ft bls. The analysis estimated the hydraulic head of\nthe lower zone and that of the upper flow zone was 8 ft higher and 37 ft lower than the composite water level in the test hole, respectively. Water samples of the freshwater inflow from zones at 567 to 580.5 ft bls had a total dissolved solids concentration of 577 mg/L indicating that these zone are in the lower part of the active groundwater flow system. \n Below the freshwater-bearing zone at 580.5 ft, the flowmeter did not detect any vertical flow in the test hole, and the gradient of the temperature\nlog approached the geothermal gradient, indicating little ambient fluid flow and minimal fracture transmissivity below this depth. However, small seeps of saline water having total dissolved solids concentrations of greater\nthan about 6,200 mg/L at 945 and 946 ft bls, from dark-greenish-gray to greenish-gray silty beds, were delineated by a time series of specific conductancelogs and observed on the video log. 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QuakeCaster contains the minimum number of physical processes needed to demonstrate most observable earthquake features. A winch to steadily reel in a line simulates the steady plate tectonic motions far from the plate boundaries. A granite slider in frictional contact with a nonskid rock-like surface simulates a fault at a plate boundary. A rubber band connecting the line to the slider simulates the elastic character of the Earth’s crust. By stacking and unstacking sliders and cranking in the winch, one can see the results of changing the shear stress and the clamping stress on a fault. By placing sliders in series with rubber bands between them, one can simulate the interaction of earthquakes along a fault, such as cascading or toggling shocks. By inserting a load scale into the line, one can measure the stress acting on the fault throughout the earthquake cycle. As observed for real earthquakes, QuakeCaster events are not periodic, time-predictable, or slip-predictable. QuakeCaster produces rare but unreliable “foreshocks.” When fault gouge builds up, the friction goes to zero and fault creep is seen without large quakes. QuakeCaster events produce very small amounts of fault gouge that strongly alter its behavior, resulting in smaller, more frequent shocks as the gouge accumulates. QuakeCaster is designed so that students or audience members can operate it and record its output. With a stopwatch and ruler one can measure and plot the timing, slip distance, and force results of simulated earthquakes. People of all ages can use the QuakeCaster model to explore hypotheses about earthquake occurrence. QuakeCaster takes several days and about $500.00 in materials to build.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111158","usgsCitation":"Linton, K., and Stein, R.S., 2015, How to build and teach with QuakeCaster: an earthquake demonstration and exploration tool (Version 1.0: September 29, 2011; Version 1.1: March 3, 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1158, Report: iv, 38 p.; Videos; Audio; Transcript, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111158.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 38 p.; Videos; Audio; Transcript","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298271,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20111158.gif"},{"id":298270,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1158/of2011-1158_transcript.pdf","text":"Transcript","size":"100 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Transcript"},{"id":298269,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1158/audio","text":"Audio","description":"Audio","linkHelpText":"both full and trailer for the visually impaired"},{"id":94390,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1158/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":298267,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1158/ofr2011-1158v1.1.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":298268,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1158/video","text":"Videos","description":"Videos","linkHelpText":"both full (~11 minutes) and trailer (~1 minutes) each in two sizes and two formats"}],"country":"United States","edition":"Version 1.0: September 29, 2011; Version 1.1: March 3, 2015","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629fbc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Linton, Kelsey","contributorId":16563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linton","given":"Kelsey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stein, Ross S. 0000-0001-7586-3933 rstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-3933","contributorId":2604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"Ross","email":"rstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70201192,"text":"ofr20131024 - 2014 - Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70055657,"text":"ofr20131024F - 2014 - Time-domain electromagnetic surveys at Fort Irwin, San Bernardino County, California, 2010–12","indexId":"ofr20131024F","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"F","displayTitle":"Time-Domain Electromagnetic Surveys at Fort Irwin, San Bernardino County, California, 2010–12","title":"Time-domain electromagnetic surveys at Fort Irwin, San Bernardino County, California, 2010–12"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70201192,"text":"ofr20131024 - 2014 - Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","indexId":"ofr20131024","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":70133479,"text":"ofr20131024H - 2014 - Gravity survey and interpretation of Fort Irwin and vicinity, Mojave Desert, California","indexId":"ofr20131024H","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"H","displayTitle":"Gravity Survey and Interpretation of Fort Irwin and Vicinity, Mojave Desert, California","title":"Gravity survey and interpretation of Fort Irwin and vicinity, Mojave Desert, California"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70201192,"text":"ofr20131024 - 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2014 - Aeromagnetic data, processing, and maps of Fort Irwin and vicinity, California","indexId":"ofr20131024I","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"I","displayTitle":"Aeromagnetic Data, Processing, and Maps of Fort Irwin and Vicinity, California","title":"Aeromagnetic data, processing, and maps of Fort Irwin and vicinity, California"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70201192,"text":"ofr20131024 - 2014 - Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","indexId":"ofr20131024","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California"},"id":4},{"subject":{"id":70133887,"text":"ofr20131024A - 2014 - Introduction to the geologic and geophysical studies of Fort Irwin, California","indexId":"ofr20131024A","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","displayTitle":"Introduction to the Geologic and Geophysical Studies of Fort Irwin, California","title":"Introduction to the geologic and geophysical studies of Fort Irwin, California"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70201192,"text":"ofr20131024 - 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2015 - Laboratory electrical resistivity analysis of geologic samples from Fort Irwin, California","indexId":"ofr20131024E","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","displayTitle":"Laboratory Electrical Resistivity Analysis of Geologic Samples from Fort Irwin, California","title":"Laboratory electrical resistivity analysis of geologic samples from Fort Irwin, California"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70201192,"text":"ofr20131024 - 2014 - Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","indexId":"ofr20131024","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California"},"id":7},{"subject":{"id":70199284,"text":"ofr20131024C - 2018 - Cenozoic geology of Fort Irwin and vicinity, California","indexId":"ofr20131024C","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","displayTitle":"Cenozoic Geology of Fort Irwin and Vicinity, California","title":"Cenozoic geology of Fort Irwin and vicinity, California"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70201192,"text":"ofr20131024 - 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A generalized surficial geologic map along with field and borehole investigations conducted during 2010–11 provide a lithostratigraphic and structural framework for the area during the Cenozoic. Electromagnetic properties of resistivity were measured in the laboratory on hand and core samples, and compared to borehole geophysical resistivity data. These data were used in conjunction with ground-based time-domain and airborne data and interpretations to provide a framework for the shallow lithologic units and structure. Gravity and aeromagnetic maps cover areas ~4 to 5 times that of Fort Irwin. Each chapter includes hydrogeologic applications of the data or model results.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131024","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army, Fort Irwin National Training Center","usgsCitation":"Buesch, D.C., ed., Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-file Report 2013–1024, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131024.","productDescription":"9 Chapters","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359949,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/ofr2013-1024_cover.pdf","text":"Cover image","size":"1.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":359948,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Contact Information,
Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center—Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025-3591
Between 2010 and 2012, a total of 79 time-domain electromagnetic (TEM) soundings were collected in 12 groundwater basins in the U.S. Army Fort Irwin National Training Center (NTC) study area to help improve the understanding of the hydrogeology of the NTC. The TEM data are discussed in this chapter in the context of geologic observations of the study area, the details of which are provided in the other chapters of this volume. Selection of locations for TEM soundings in unexplored basins was guided by gravity data that estimated depth to pre-Tertiary basement complex of crystalline rock and alluvial thickness. Some TEM data were collected near boreholes with geophysical logs. The TEM response at locations near boreholes was used to evaluate sounding data for areas without boreholes. TEM models also were used to guide site selection of subsequent boreholes drilled as part of this study. Following borehole completion, geophysical logs were used to ground-truth and reinterpret previously collected TEM data. This iterative process was used to site subsequent TEM soundings and borehole locations as the study progressed. Although each groundwater subbasin within the NTC boundaries was explored using the TEM method, collection of TEM data was focused in those basins identified as best suited for development of water resources. At the NTC, TEM estimates of some lithologic thicknesses and electrical properties in the unsaturated zone are in good accordance with borehole data; however, water-table elevations were not easily identifiable from TEM data.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131024F","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army, Fort Irwin National Training Center","usgsCitation":"Burgess, M.K., and Bedrosian, P.A., 2014, Time-domain electromagnetic surveys at Fort Irwin, San Bernardino County, California, 2010–12, chap. F of Buesch, D.C., ed., Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013–1024, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131024F.","productDescription":"Report: v, 64 p.","numberOfPages":"69","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044319","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296420,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/f/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":296367,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/f/downloads/ofr2013-1024_f.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County","city":"Fort Irwin","contact":"Contact Information,
Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center—Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025-3591
From December 2010 to January 2011, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted airborne electromagnetic and magnetic surveys of Leach Lake Basin within the National Training Center, Fort Irwin, California. These data were collected to characterize the subsurface and provide information needed to understand and manage groundwater resources within Fort Irwin. A resistivity stratigraphy was developed using ground-based time-domain electromagnetic soundings together with laboratory resistivity measurements on hand samples and borehole geophysical logs from nearby basins. This report releases data associated with the airborne surveys, as well as resistivity cross-sections and depth slices derived from inversion of the airborne electromagnetic data. The resulting resistivity models confirm and add to the geologic framework, constrain the hydrostratigraphy and the depth to basement, and reveal the distribution of faults and folds within the basin.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131024G","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army, Fort Irwin National Training Center","usgsCitation":"Bedrosian, P.A., Ball, L.B., and Bloss, B.R., 2014, Airborne electromagnetic data and processing within Leach Lake Basin, Fort Irwin, California, chap. G of Buesch, D.C., ed., Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 2013–1024, 20 p., \nhttps://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131024G.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 20 p.; 2 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-059815","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297138,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/g/downloads/OFR2013-1024-G.pdf","text":"Report","size":"16.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":297139,"rank":2,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/g/downloads/ofr2013-1024-g_appendix_a.pdf","text":"Appendix A","size":"1.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":297141,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/g/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":297140,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/g/downloads/ofr2014-2014-g_appendix_b.zip","text":"Appendix B","size":"1.9 GB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County","city":"Fort Irwin","contact":"Contact Information,
Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center—Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025-3591