The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service, the Edwards Aquifer Authority, and the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, collected rainfall, streamflow, evapotranspiration, and stormflow water-quality data at the Laurel Canyon Creek watershed, within the Government Canyon State Natural Area, Bexar County, Tex. The purpose of the data collection was to support evaluations of the effects of brush management conservation practices on components of the hydrologic budget and water quality. One component of brush management was to take endangered wildlife into consideration, specifically the golden-cheeked warbler (Dendroica chrysoparia). Much of the area that may have been considered for brush management was left intact to protect habitat for the golden-cheeked warbler. The area identified for brush management was approximately 10 percent of the study watershed. The hydrologic data presented here (2002–10) represent pre- and post-treatment periods, with brush management treatment occurring from winter 2006–07 to spring 2008.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds681","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service, the Edwards Aquifer Authority, and the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department","usgsCitation":"Banta, J., and Slattery, R.N., 2012, Hydrologic and water-quality data at Government Canyon State Natural Area, Bexar County, Texas, 2002-10: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 681, v, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds681.","productDescription":"v, 43 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254574,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_681.gif"},{"id":254569,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/681/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Bexar","otherGeospatial":"Government Canyon State Natural Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -99,29.083333333333332 ], [ -99,30.166666666666668 ], [ -98,30.166666666666668 ], [ -98,29.083333333333332 ], [ -99,29.083333333333332 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3561e4b0c8380cd5fe87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banta, J. Ryan 0000-0002-2226-7270","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2226-7270","contributorId":78863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"J. Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slattery, Richard N. 0000-0002-9141-9776 rnslatte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9141-9776","contributorId":2471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slattery","given":"Richard","email":"rnslatte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70038162,"text":"ofr20121054 - 2012 - Florida Bay salinity and Everglades wetlands hydrology circa 1900 CE: A compilation of paleoecology-based statistical modeling analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-15T09:09:54","indexId":"ofr20121054","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-23T11:29:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1054","title":"Florida Bay salinity and Everglades wetlands hydrology circa 1900 CE: A compilation of paleoecology-based statistical modeling analyses","docAbstract":"Throughout the 20th century, the Greater Everglades Ecosystem of south Florida was greatly altered by human activities. Construction of water-control structures and facilities altered the natural hydrologic patterns of the south Florida region and consequently impacted the coastal ecosystem. Restoration of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem is guided by the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP), which is attempting to reverse some of the impacts of water management. In order to achieve this goal, it is essential to understand the predevelopment conditions (circa 1900 Common Era, CE) of the natural system, including the estuaries. The purpose of this report is to use empirical data derived from analyses of estuarine sediment cores and observations of modern hydrologic and salinity conditions to provide information on the natural system circa 1900 CE. A three-phase approach, developed in 2009, couples paleosalinity estimates derived from sediment cores to upstream hydrology using statistical models prepared from existing monitoring data. Results presented here update and improve previous analyses. A statistical method of estimating the paleosalinity from the core information improves the previous assemblage analyses, and the system of linear regression models was significantly upgraded and expanded.
\nThe upgraded method of coupled paleosalinity and hydrologic models was applied to the analysis of the circa-1900 CE segments of five estuarine sediment cores collected in Florida Bay. Comparisons of the observed mean stage (water level) data to the paleoecology-based model's averaged output show that the estimated stage in the Everglades wetlands was 0.3 to 1.6 feet higher at different locations. Observed mean flow data compared to the paleoecology-based model output show an estimated flow into Shark River Slough at Tamiami Trail of 401 to 2,539 cubic feet per second (cfs) higher than existing flows, and at Taylor Slough Bridge an estimated flow of 48 to 218 cfs above existing flows. For salinity in Florida Bay, the difference between paleoecology-based and observed mean salinity varies across the bay, from an aggregated average salinity of 14.7 less than existing in the northeastern basin to 1.0 less than existing in the western basin near the transition into the Gulf of Mexico. When the salinity differences are compared by region, the difference between paleoecology-based conditions and existing conditions are spatially consistent.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121054","usgsCitation":"Marshall, F., and Wingard, G., 2012, Florida Bay salinity and Everglades wetlands hydrology circa 1900 CE: A compilation of paleoecology-based statistical modeling analyses (Version 1.1; Originally posted April 10, 2012; Revised August 15, 2014): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1054, 32 p.; Tables; Appendix Download, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121054.","productDescription":"32 p.; Tables; Appendix Download","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292251,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121054.jpg"},{"id":254568,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1054/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Forida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","edition":"Version 1.1; Originally posted April 10, 2012; Revised August 15, 2014","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1227e4b0c8380cd541d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marshall, F.E.","contributorId":103380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"F.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wingard, G.L.","contributorId":79981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingard","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70038189,"text":"sir20125037 - 2012 - Escherichia coli bacteria density in relation to turbidity, streamflow characteristics, and season in the Chattahoochee River near Atlanta, Georgia, October 2000 through September 2008—Description, statistical analysis, and predictive modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T17:43:21","indexId":"sir20125037","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-20T17:16:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5037","title":"Escherichia coli bacteria density in relation to turbidity, streamflow characteristics, and season in the Chattahoochee River near Atlanta, Georgia, October 2000 through September 2008—Description, statistical analysis, and predictive modeling","docAbstract":"Water-based recreation—such as rafting, canoeing, and fishing—is popular among visitors to the Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area (CRNRA) in north Georgia. The CRNRA is a 48-mile reach of the Chattahoochee River upstream from Atlanta, Georgia, managed by the National Park Service (NPS). Historically, high densities of fecal-indicator bacteria have been documented in the Chattahoochee River and its tributaries at levels that commonly exceeded Georgia water-quality standards. In October 2000, the NPS partnered with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), State and local agencies, and non-governmental organizations to monitor Escherichia coli bacteria (E. coli) density and develop a system to alert river users when E. coli densities exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) single-sample beach criterion of 235 colonies (most probable number) per 100 milliliters (MPN/100 mL) of water. This program, called BacteriALERT, monitors E. coli density, turbidity, and water temperature at two sites on the Chattahoochee River upstream from Atlanta, Georgia. This report summarizes E. coli bacteria density and turbidity values in water samples collected between 2000 and 2008 as part of the BacteriALERT program; describes the relations between E. coli density and turbidity, streamflow characteristics, and season; and describes the regression analyses used to develop predictive models that estimate E. coli density in real time at both sampling sites.
\nBetween October 23, 2000, and September 30, 2008, about 1,400 water samples were collected and turbidity was measured at each of the two USGS streamgaging stations in the CRNRA near the cities of Norcross and Atlanta, Georgia. At both sites, water samples were collected at frequencies ranging from daily to twice per week and analyzed in the laboratory for E. coli bacteria, using the Colilert-18® and Quanti-tray-2000® defined substrate method, and turbidity. Beginning in mid-2002, turbidity and water temperature were measured in real time at both sites. Streamflow at both sites is affected by the operation of two hydroelectric facilities upstream that release water in response to daily peak power demands in the area. During dry weather, offpeak water released from both dams ranges from about 600 to 1,500 cubic feet per second.
\nDuring dry weather, 98 and 93 percent of water samples from Norcross and Atlanta sites, respectively, contained E. coli densities below the USEPA single-sample beach criterion (235 MPN/100 mL). Conversely during stormflow, only 26 percent of the samples from Norcross and 10 percent of the samples from Atlanta contained E. coli densities below the USEPA beach criterion. At both sites, median E. coli density and turbidity were statistically greater in stormflow samples than dry-weather samples. Furthermore, median E. coli density and turbidity were statistically lower at Norcross than at Atlanta during dry weather. During stormflow, median turbidity values were statistically similar at the two sites (36 and 35 formazin nephelometric units at Norcross and Atlanta, respectively); whereas the median E. coli density was statistically higher at Atlanta (810 MPN/100 mL) than at Norcross (530 MPN/100 mL). During dry weather, the maximum E. coli density was 1,200 MPN/100 mL at Norcross and 9,800 MPN/100 mL at Atlanta. During stormflow, the maximum E. coli density was 18,000 MPN/100 mL at Norcross and 28,000 MPN/100 mL at Atlanta.
\nRegression analyses show that E. coli density in samples was strongly related to turbidity, streamflow characteristics, and season at both sites. The regression equation chosen for the Norcross data showed that 78 percent of the variability in E. coli density (in log base 10 units) was explained by the variability in turbidity values (in log base 10 units), streamflow event (dry-weather flow or stormflow), season (cool or warm), and an interaction term that is the cross product of streamflow event and turbidity. The regression equation chosen for the Atlanta data showed that 76 percent of the variability in E. coli density (in log base 10 units) was explained by the variability in turbidity values (in log base 10 units), water temperature, streamflow event, and an interaction term that is the cross product of streamflow event and turbidity. Residual analysis and model confirmation using new data indicated the regression equations selected at both sites predicted E. coli density within the 90 percent prediction intervals of the equations and could be used to predict E. coli density in real time at both sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125037","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service, Upper Chattahoochee Riverkeeper, and Cobb County, Georgia","usgsCitation":"Lawrence, S.J., 2012, Escherichia coli bacteria density in relation to turbidity, streamflow characteristics, and season in the Chattahoochee River near Atlanta, Georgia, October 2000 through September 2008—Description, statistical analysis, and predictive modeling: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5037, xiv, 58 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125037.","productDescription":"xiv, 58 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2000-10-23","temporalEnd":"2008-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254600,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5037.jpg"},{"id":254595,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5037/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Cobb County","city":"Atlanta","otherGeospatial":"Chattahoochee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.80062103271484,\n 34.00457359375746\n ],\n [\n -83.42433929443357,\n 34.63292542249386\n ],\n [\n -83.53008270263669,\n 34.67302921203181\n ],\n [\n -83.67565155029295,\n 34.67415861524134\n ],\n [\n -83.74706268310545,\n 34.6244503086108\n ],\n [\n -83.77246856689452,\n 34.58093109811126\n ],\n [\n -84.41585540771483,\n 34.46778770509373\n ],\n [\n -84.65755462646483,\n 34.05920153948415\n ],\n [\n -85.10799407958982,\n 33.22691345261128\n ],\n [\n -85.36067962646483,\n 32.913891446880406\n ],\n [\n -85.37166595458982,\n 32.433005140150016\n ],\n [\n -85.63533782958982,\n 31.491627039818532\n ],\n [\n -85.92098236083983,\n 30.446009887036432\n ],\n [\n -85.80013275146482,\n 29.952257363232995\n ],\n [\n -85.32772064208983,\n 29.742618848931166\n ],\n [\n -85.27278900146482,\n 29.522981756190593\n ],\n [\n -85.05306243896482,\n 29.465606448299365\n ],\n [\n -84.814453125,\n 29.668962525992505\n ],\n [\n -84.61669921875,\n 29.6880527498568\n ],\n [\n -84.44091796875,\n 29.76437737516313\n ],\n [\n -84.44091796875,\n 30.012030680358613\n ],\n [\n -84.35302734375,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -84.2486572265625,\n 31.064698120353743\n ],\n [\n -83.84490966796875,\n 31.508312698943445\n ],\n [\n -83.7432861328125,\n 32.01972036197235\n ],\n [\n -83.84181976318358,\n 32.42141355642937\n ],\n [\n -84.49275970458984,\n 32.950775326763974\n ],\n [\n -84.51473236083982,\n 33.52966151776439\n ],\n [\n -83.80062103271484,\n 34.00457359375746\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4937e4b0b290850eefd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lawrence, Stephen J. slawrenc@usgs.gov","contributorId":1885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Stephen","email":"slawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70038138,"text":"ofr20121064 - 2012 - Preliminary assessment of channel stability and bed-material transport in the Coquille River basin, southwestern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-25T10:15:16","indexId":"ofr20121064","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1064","title":"Preliminary assessment of channel stability and bed-material transport in the Coquille River basin, southwestern Oregon","docAbstract":"This report summarizes a preliminary study of bed-material transport, vertical and lateral channel changes, and existing datasets for the Coquille River basin, which encompasses 2,745 km2 (square kilometers) of the southwestern Oregon coast. This study, conducted to inform permitting decisions regarding instream gravel mining, revealed that:
The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Hydro-Climatic Data Network (HCDN) is a subset of all USGS streamgages for which the streamflow primarily reflects prevailing meteorological conditions for specified years. These stations were screened to exclude sites where human activities, such as artificial diversions, storage, and other activities in the drainage basin or the stream channel, affect the natural flow of the watercourse. In addition, sites were included in the network because their record length was sufficiently long for analysis of patterns in streamflow over time. The purpose of the network is to provide a streamflow dataset suitable for analyzing hydrologic variations and trends in a climatic context. When originally published, the network was composed of 1,659 stations (Slack and Landwehr, 1992) for which the years of primarily \"natural\" flow were identified. Since then data from the HCDN have been widely used and cited in climate-related hydrologic investigations of the United States. The network has also served as a model for establishing climate-sensitive streamgage networks in other countries around the world.
\nAfter nearly two decades of use without undergoing a systematic revalidation, questions have arisen as to whether many of the original stations still maintain their climate-sensitive status or even remain operational, as some are known to have closed. Some watersheds had been altered to the point that stations no longer meet the minimal disturbance criteria set forth in the original HCDN report. In addition, some sites that did not qualify as HCDN sites in 1988 (the last year of data evaluation) because their records were too short now have sufficiently long streamflow records for climate-sensitivity studies. Accordingly, a review of the existing network was initiated in 2009 in order to drop old stations and add new ones as appropriate.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123047","usgsCitation":"Lins, H.F., 2012, USGS Hydro-Climatic Data Network 2009 (HCDN-2009): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3047, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123047.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":596,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3047.gif"},{"id":254550,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3047/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbb95e4b08c986b3286f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lins, Harry F. 0000-0001-5385-9247 hlins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5385-9247","contributorId":1505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lins","given":"Harry","email":"hlins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70038103,"text":"ofr20121055 - 2012 - Protocols for collection of streamflow, water-quality, streambed-sediment, periphyton, macroinvertebrate, fish, and habitat data to describe stream quality for the Hydrobiological Monitoring Program, Equus Beds Aquifer Storage and Recovery Program, city of Wichita, Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:35","indexId":"ofr20121055","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1055","title":"Protocols for collection of streamflow, water-quality, streambed-sediment, periphyton, macroinvertebrate, fish, and habitat data to describe stream quality for the Hydrobiological Monitoring Program, Equus Beds Aquifer Storage and Recovery Program, city of Wichita, Kansas","docAbstract":"The city of Wichita, Kansas uses the Equus Beds aquifer, one of two sources, for municipal water supply. To meet future water needs, plans for artificial recharge of the aquifer have been implemented in several phases. Phase I of the Equus Beds Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Program began with injection of water from the Little Arkansas River into the aquifer for storage and subsequent recovery in 2006. Construction of a river intake structure and surface-water treatment plant began as implementation of Phase II of the Equus Beds ASR Program in 2010. An important aspect of the ASR Program is the monitoring of water quality and the effects of recharge activities on stream conditions. Physical, chemical, and biological data provide the basis for an integrated assessment of stream quality. This report describes protocols for collecting streamflow, water-quality, streambed-sediment, periphyton, macroinvertebrate, fish, and habitat data as part of the city of Wichita's hydrobiological monitoring program (HBMP). Following consistent and reliable methods for data collection and processing is imperative for the long-term success of the monitoring program.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121055","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the city of Wichita, Kansas","usgsCitation":"Stone, M.L., Rasmussen, T.J., Bennett, T.J., Poulton, B.C., and Ziegler, A., 2012, Protocols for collection of streamflow, water-quality, streambed-sediment, periphyton, macroinvertebrate, fish, and habitat data to describe stream quality for the Hydrobiological Monitoring Program, Equus Beds Aquifer Storage and Recovery Program, city of Wichita, Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1055, viii, 39 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121055.","productDescription":"viii, 39 p.; Appendices","startPage":"i","endPage":"55","numberOfPages":"63","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254548,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1055.gif"},{"id":254547,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1055/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","city":"Wichita","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8f85e4b0c8380cd7f7f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Mandy L. 0000-0002-6711-1536 mstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6711-1536","contributorId":4409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Mandy","email":"mstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rasmussen, Teresa J. 0000-0002-7023-3868 rasmuss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7023-3868","contributorId":3336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Teresa","email":"rasmuss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennett, Trudy J. trudyben@usgs.gov","contributorId":4218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Trudy","email":"trudyben@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":463449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Poulton, Barry C. 0000-0002-7219-4911 bpoulton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7219-4911","contributorId":2421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poulton","given":"Barry","email":"bpoulton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ziegler, Andrew C. aziegler@usgs.gov","contributorId":433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ziegler","given":"Andrew C.","email":"aziegler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":463446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70038085,"text":"ofr20111300 - 2012 - Total dissolved gas and water temperature in the lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, water year 2011: Quality-assurance data and comparison to water-quality standards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-27T17:46:43","indexId":"ofr20111300","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1300","title":"Total dissolved gas and water temperature in the lower Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, water year 2011: Quality-assurance data and comparison to water-quality standards","docAbstract":"Air is entrained in water as it is flows through the spillways of dams, which causes an increase in the concentration of total dissolved gas in the water downstream from the dams. The elevated concentrations of total dissolved gas can adversely affect fish and other freshwater aquatic life. An analysis of total-dissolved-gas and water-temperature data collected at eight monitoring stations on the lower Columbia River in Oregon and Washington in 2011 indicated the following:
\nWater clarity is a reliable indicator of lake productivity and an ideal metric of regional water quality. Clarity is an indicator of other water quality variables including chlorophyll-a, total phosphorus and trophic status; however, unlike these metrics, clarity can be accurately and efficiently estimated remotely on a regional scale. Remote sensing is useful in regions containing a large number of lakes that are cost prohibitive to monitor regularly using traditional field methods. Field-assessed lakes generally are easily accessible and may represent a spatially irregular, non-random sample of a region. We developed a remote monitoring program for Maine lakes >8 ha (1511 lakes) to supplement existing field monitoring programs. We combined Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) brightness values for TM bands 1 (blue) and 3 (red) to estimate water clarity (secchi disk depth) during 1990–2010. Although similar procedures have been applied to Minnesota and Wisconsin lakes, neither state incorporates physical lake variables or watershed characteristics that potentially affect clarity into their models. Average lake depth consistently improved model fitness, and the proportion of wetland area in lake watersheds also explained variability in clarity in some cases. Nine regression models predicted water clarity (R2 = 0.69–0.90) during 1990–2010, with separate models for eastern (TM path 11; four models) and western Maine (TM path 12; five models that captured differences in topography and landscape disturbance. Average absolute difference between model-estimated and observed secchi depth ranged 0.65–1.03 m. Eutrophic and mesotrophic lakes consistently were estimated more accurately than oligotrophic lakes. Our results show that TM bands 1 and 3 can be used to estimate regional lake water clarity outside the Great Lakes Region and that the accuracy of estimates is improved with additional model variables that reflect physical lake characteristics and watershed conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier ","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2012.03.006","usgsCitation":"McCullough, I.M., Loftin, C., and Sader, S., 2012, Combining lake and watershed characteristics with Landsat TM data for remote estimation of regional lake clarity: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 123, p. 109-115, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2012.03.006.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"115","ipdsId":"IP-033562","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -69.32373046875,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -72.94921875,\n 43.56447158721811\n ],\n [\n -69.169921875,\n 42.147114459220994\n ],\n [\n -65.6103515625,\n 47.84265762816538\n ],\n [\n -69.32373046875,\n 48.980216985374994\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"123","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a0425f1e4b0dc0b45b456e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCullough, Ian M.","contributorId":149952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCullough","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loftin, Cyndy 0000-0001-9104-3724 cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3724","contributorId":146427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Cyndy","email":"cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sader, Steven A.","contributorId":112282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sader","given":"Steven A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70038044,"text":"ds672 - 2012 - Geochemical and hydrologic data for San Marcos Springs recharge characterization near San Marcos, Texas, November 2008--December 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-08T09:08:15","indexId":"ds672","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"672","title":"Geochemical and hydrologic data for San Marcos Springs recharge characterization near San Marcos, Texas, November 2008--December 2010","docAbstract":"During 2008–10, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System, collected geochemical and hydrologic data in Bexar, Comal, and Hays Counties, Texas, to define and characterize the sources of recharge to San Marcos Springs. Precipitation samples were collected for stable isotope analysis at 1 site and water-quality samples were collected at 7 springs, 21 wells, and 9 stream sites in the study area between November 2008 and December 2010. Continuous water-quality monitors were installed in three springs, two wells, and at one stream site. Three continuous stream-gaging stations were installed to measure gage height and a stagedischarge rating was developed at two of the three sites. Depth to water below land surface was continuously measured in two wells.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds672","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Crow, C.L., 2012, Geochemical and hydrologic data for San Marcos Springs recharge characterization near San Marcos, Texas, November 2008--December 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 672, Report: vi, 19 p.; Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds672.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 19 p.; Appendixes","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254513,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_672.gif"},{"id":254510,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/672/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"San Marcos","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a15d5e4b0c8380cd54f69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crow, Cassi L. 0000-0002-1279-2485 ccrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1279-2485","contributorId":1666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crow","given":"Cassi","email":"ccrow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70044441,"text":"70044441 - 2012 - Shifts in identity and activity of methanotrophs in arctic lake sediments in response to temperature changes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-10T14:58:32.516599","indexId":"70044441","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shifts in identity and activity of methanotrophs in arctic lake sediments in response to temperature changes","docAbstract":"Methane (CH4) flux to the atmosphere is mitigated via microbial CH4 oxidation in sediments and water. As arctic temperatures increase, understanding the effects of temperature on the activity and identity of methanotrophs in arctic lake sediments is important to predicting future CH4 emissions. We used DNA-based stable-isotope probing (SIP), quantitative PCR (Q-PCR), and pyrosequencing analyses to identify and characterize methanotrophic communities active at a range of temperatures (4°C, 10°C, and 21°C) in sediments (to a depth of 25 cm) sampled from Lake Qalluuraq on the North Slope of Alaska. CH4 oxidation activity was measured in microcosm incubations containing sediments at all temperatures, with the highest CH4 oxidation potential of 37.5 μmol g−1 day−1 in the uppermost (depth, 0 to 1 cm) sediment at 21°C after 2 to 5 days of incubation. Q-PCR of pmoA and of the 16S rRNA genes of type I and type II methanotrophs, and pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes in 13C-labeled DNA obtained by SIP demonstrated that the type I methanotrophs Methylobacter, Methylomonas, and Methylosoma dominated carbon acquisition from CH4 in the sediments. The identity and relative abundance of active methanotrophs differed with the incubation temperature. Methylotrophs were also abundant in the microbial community that derived carbon from CH4, especially in the deeper sediments (depth, 15 to 20 cm) at low temperatures (4°C and 10°C), and showed a good linear relationship (R = 0.82) with the relative abundances of methanotrophs in pyrosequencing reads. This study describes for the first time how methanotrophic communities in arctic lake sediments respond to temperature variations.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.00853-12","usgsCitation":"He, R., Wooller, M., Pohlman, J., Quensen, J., Tiedje, J.M., and Leigh, M.B., 2012, Shifts in identity and activity of methanotrophs in arctic lake sediments in response to temperature changes: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 78, no. 13, p. 4715-4723, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00853-12.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"4715","endPage":"4723","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-038473","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271667,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":474522,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00853-12","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Brooks Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -142.07760444140533,\n 69.35557196411926\n ],\n [\n -145.46519318137828,\n 69.5585579341055\n ],\n [\n -151.87517978114988,\n 68.62896953532697\n ],\n [\n -157.12226395989708,\n 68.27890754507365\n ],\n [\n -157.07316102517655,\n 66.97554841451588\n ],\n [\n -154.81291480985988,\n 66.65818896518846\n ],\n [\n -147.80754164130246,\n 66.86006548648308\n ],\n [\n -142.07760444140533,\n 69.35557196411926\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5180e7ece4b0df838b924dab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"He, Ruo","contributorId":53222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"Ruo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wooller, Matthew J.","contributorId":24213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooller","given":"Matthew J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pohlman, John W.","contributorId":95288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pohlman","given":"John W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Quensen, John","contributorId":24214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quensen","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tiedje, James M.","contributorId":37591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiedje","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Leigh, Mary Beth","contributorId":25028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leigh","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Beth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70038022,"text":"70038022 - 2012 - Water quality and the composition of fish and macroinvertebrate communities in the Devils and Pecos Rivers within and upstream from the Amistad National Recreation Area, Texas, 2005-7","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-08T09:11:06","indexId":"70038022","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5038","title":"Water quality and the composition of fish and macroinvertebrate communities in the Devils and Pecos Rivers within and upstream from the Amistad National Recreation Area, Texas, 2005-7","docAbstract":"To gain a better understanding of the water quality and status of fish and macroinvertebrate communities, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the National Park Service and Amistad National Recreation Area, completed a reconnaissance-level survey of the water quality and fish and macroinvertebrate communities in the Devils and Pecos Rivers in and upstream from the Amistad National Recreation Area in southwest Texas during 2005–7. Water-quality conditions during the spring and summer months of 2005 in the Devils and Pecos Rivers were assessed at locations just upstream from the Amistad National Recreation Area, and the composition of fish and macroinvertebrate communities were assessed during 2006 and 2007 in and upstream from the Amistad National Recreation Area and Amistad Reservoir. Water-quality samples were collected at one site on both the Devils and Pecos Rivers. Fish and macroinvertebrates were collected at the water-quality sampling site on each river and at three additional sites on each river. The water-quality constituents of primary concern were total dissolved solids, chloride, sulfate, ammonia plus organic nitrogen, nitrate plus nitrite, orthophosphate, phosphorus, selenium, and selected pesticides. During the spring and summer of 2005, the concentrations of total dissolved solids ranged from 208 to 232 milligrams per liter (mg/L) in samples from the Devils River compared to 1,460 to 2,390 mg/L in samples from the Pecos River. Total dissolved solid concentrations measured in samples collected from the Devils River and Pecos River did not exceed the proposed State of Texas water-quality standard applicable for the segments of each river where samples were collected. During the spring and summer of 2005, chloride concentrations measured in samples collected in 2005 from the Devils River ranged from 11.6 to 12.9 mg/L, compared to chloride concentrations measured in samples collected from the Pecos River, which ranged from 519 to 879 mg/L. Chloride concentrations in samples collected from the Devils River in 2005 were less than the lower quartile (25th percentile) value of 14.0 mg/L reported for chloride concentrations in water-quality samples collected at the same sampling location during 1978–95 by the U.S. Geological Survey as part of the Hydrologic Benchmark Network program. The chloride concentrations measured in samples collected from the Pecos River during the spring and summer of 2005 represented a range of values similar to the interquartile range of 548 to 942 mg/L reported for samples collected during 1974–2007 at the same sampling location by the U.S. Geological Survey as part of the National Stream Quality Accounting Network program. None of the chloride concentrations measured in samples collected from the Devils or Pecos Rivers in 2005 exceeded applicable proposed State of Texas water-quality standards for chloride. Sulfate concentrations ranged from 7.55 to 8.20 mg/L in samples from the Devils River compared to 298 to 503 mg/L in samples from the Pecos River. Concentrations of sulfate did not exceed applicable proposed State of Texas water-quality standards. Ammonia plus organic nitrogen concentrations were reported as nitrogen ranged from 0.12 to 0.14 mg/L of nitrogen in samples collected from the Devils River compared to 0.15 to 0.32 mg/L of nitrogen in samples collected from the Pecos River. Ammonia plus organic nitrogen concentrations measured in samples collected from the Devils River in 2005 were less than the lower quartile (25th percentile) value of 0.23 mg/L of nitrogen for concentrations in water-quality samples collected at the same sampling location during 1978–95 by the U.S. Geological Survey as part of the Hydrologic Benchmark Network program. Ammonia plus nitrogen concentrations measured in samples collected from the Pecos River were similar to the range of historical concentrations measured in samples collected from the same Pecos River sampling location by the U.S. Geological Survey National Stream Quality Accounting Network program. Nitrate plus nitrite concentrations in samples from the Devils River and Pecos Rivers were within the historical range of concentrations for samples collected at the same locations on each river. Total phosphorous and orthophosphate concentrations were less than the laboratory reporting levels in the water samples from the Devils and Pecos Rivers. None of the selenium concentrations measured in samples collected during the spring and summer of 2005 from the Devils or Pecos Rivers exceeded the Texas Surface Water Quality Standards (chronic criterion of 5 μg/L or the acute criterion of 20 μg/L) established by the State for the protection of aquatic life. Concentrations of pesticides in the samples collected from the Devils and Pecos Rivers during March–August 2005 were very low and not present in detectable amounts (all reported concentrations were below laboratory reporting levels).
\nThe total number of fish species collected was the same in the Devils River and Pecos River, but the species found in the two rivers varied slightly. The number of fish species generally increased from the site farthest upstream to the site farthest downstream in the Devils River, and decreased between the site farthest upstream and site farthest downstream in the Pecos River. The redbreast sunfish was the most abundant species collected in the Devils River, and the blacktail shiner was the most abundant species collected in the Pecos River. Comparing the species from each river, the percentage of omnivorous fish species was larger at the more downstream sites closer to Amistad Reservoir, and the percentage of species tolerant of environmental stressors was larger in the Pecos River. The fish community, assessed on the basis of the number of shared species among the sites sampled, was more similar to the fish community at the other sites on the same river than it was to the fish community from any other site in the other river. More macroinvertebrate taxa were collected in the Devils River than in the Pecos River. The largest number of macroinvertebrate taxa were from the site second farthest downstream on the Devils River, and the smallest numbers of macroinvertebrate taxa were from the farthest downstream site on the Pecos River. Mayflies were more common in the Devils River, and caddisflies were less common than mayflies at most sites. Net-spinning caddisflies were more common at the Devils River sites. The combined percent of mayfly, caddisfly, and stonefly taxa was generally larger at the Pecos River sites. Riffle beetles were the most commonly collected beetle taxon among all sites, and water-penny beetles were only collected at the Pecos River sites. A greater number of true midge taxa were collected more than any other taxa at the genus and species taxonomic level. Non-insect macroinvertebrate taxa were more common at the Devils River sites. Corbicula sp. (presumably the introduced Asian clam) was found at sites in both rivers, and amphipods were more abundant in the Devils River. The Margalef species richness index, based on aquatic insect taxa only, was larger at the Devils River sites than at the Pecos River sites. The Hilsenhoff's biotic index was largest at the site farthest downstream in the Devils River and smallest at the site second farthest downstream in the Pecos River. Overall similarity among sites based on the number of shared macroinvertebrate taxa indicated that each site is more similar to other sites on the same river than to sites on the other river.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70038022","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service and Amistad National Recreation Area","usgsCitation":"Moring, J., 2012, Water quality and the composition of fish and macroinvertebrate communities in the Devils and Pecos Rivers within and upstream from the Amistad National Recreation Area, Texas, 2005-7: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5038, vi, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70038022.","productDescription":"vi, 70 p.","numberOfPages":"76","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5038.gif"},{"id":254481,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5038/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Amistad National Recreation Area","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc888e4b08c986b32c99e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moring, J. Bruce","contributorId":53372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moring","given":"J. Bruce","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70038021,"text":"ofr20121045 - 2012 - Groundwater quality in the Upper Susquehanna River Basin, New York, 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:35","indexId":"ofr20121045","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1045","title":"Groundwater quality in the Upper Susquehanna River Basin, New York, 2009","docAbstract":"Water samples were collected from 16 production wells and 14 private residential wells in the Upper Susquehanna River Basin from August through December 2009 and were analyzed to characterize the groundwater quality in the basin. Wells at 16 of the sites were completed in sand and gravel aquifers, and 14 were finished in bedrock aquifers. In 2004–2005, six of these wells were sampled in the first Upper Susquehanna River Basin study. Water samples from the 2009 study were analyzed for 10 physical properties and 137 constituents that included nutrients, organic carbon, major inorganic ions, trace elements, radionuclides, pesticides, volatile organic compounds, and 4 types of bacterial analyses. Results of the water-quality analyses are presented in tabular form for individual wells, and summary statistics for specific constituents are presented by aquifer type. The results are compared with Federal and New York State drinking-water standards, which typically are identical. The results indicate that groundwater genrally is of acceptable quality, although concentrations of some constituents exceeded at least one drinking-water standard at 28 of the 30 wells. These constituents include: pH, sodium, aluminum, manganese, iron, arsenic, radon-222, residue on evaporation, total and fecal coliform including Escherichia coli and heterotrophic plate count.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121045","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Reddy, J.E., and Risen, A.J., 2012, Groundwater quality in the Upper Susquehanna River Basin, New York, 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1045, v, 12 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121045.","productDescription":"v, 12 p.; Appendix","startPage":"i","endPage":"30","numberOfPages":"35","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254485,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1045.gif"},{"id":254480,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1045/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Susquehanna River Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2dbbe4b0c8380cd5bfdb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reddy, James E. 0000-0002-6998-7267 jreddy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6998-7267","contributorId":1080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reddy","given":"James","email":"jreddy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Risen, Amy J.","contributorId":88070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risen","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70038017,"text":"sir20115216 - 2012 - Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the Tahoe-Martis, Central Sierra, and Southern Sierra study units, 2006-2007--California GAMA Priority Basin Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:35","indexId":"sir20115216","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5216","title":"Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the Tahoe-Martis, Central Sierra, and Southern Sierra study units, 2006-2007--California GAMA Priority Basin Project","docAbstract":"Groundwater quality in the Tahoe-Martis, Central Sierra, and Southern Sierra study units was investigated as part of the Priority Basin Project of the California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The three study units are located in the Sierra Nevada region of California in parts of Nevada, Placer, El Dorado, Madera, Tulare, and Kern Counties. The GAMA Priority Basin Project is being conducted by the California State Water Resources Control Board, in collaboration with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The project was designed to provide statistically robust assessments of untreated groundwater quality within the primary aquifer systems used for drinking water. The primary aquifer systems (hereinafter, primary aquifers) for each study unit are defined by the depth of the screened or open intervals of the wells listed in the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) database of wells used for municipal and community drinking-water supply. The quality of groundwater in shallower or deeper water-bearing zones may differ from that in the primary aquifers; shallower groundwater may be more vulnerable to contamination from the surface. The assessments for the Tahoe-Martis, Central Sierra, and Southern Sierra study units were based on water-quality and ancillary data collected by the USGS from 132 wells in the three study units during 2006 and 2007 and water-quality data reported in the CDPH database. Two types of assessments were made: (1) status, assessment of the current quality of the groundwater resource, and (2) understanding, identification of the natural and human factors affecting groundwater quality. The assessments characterize untreated groundwater quality, not the quality of treated drinking water delivered to consumers by water purveyors. Relative-concentrations (sample concentrations divided by benchmark concentrations) were used for evaluating groundwater quality for those constituents that have Federal or California regulatory or non-regulatory benchmarks for drinking-water quality. A relative-concentration (RC) greater than (>) 1.0 indicates a concentration above a benchmark. RCs for organic constituents (volatile organic compounds and pesticides) and special-interest constituents were classified as \"high\" (RC > 1.0), \"moderate\" (1.0 ≥ RC > 0.1), or \"low\" (RC ≤ 0.1). For inorganic constituents (major ions, trace elements, nutrients, and radioactive constituents), the boundary between low and moderate RCs was set at 0.5. A new metric, aquifer-scale proportion, was used in the status assessment as the primary metric for evaluating regional-scale groundwater quality. High aquifer-scale proportion is defined as the percentage of the area of the primary aquifers with RC > 1.0 for a particular constituent or class of constituents; moderate and low aquifer-scale proportions are defined as the percentages of the area of the primary aquifer with moderate and low RCs, respectively. Percentages are based on an areal rather than a volumetric basis. Two statistical approaches—grid-based, which used one value per grid cell, and spatially weighted, which used multiple values per grid cell—were used to calculate aquifer-scale proportions for individual constituents and classes of constituents. The spatially weighted estimates of high aquifer-scale proportions were within the 90-percent (%) confidence intervals of the grid-based estimates in all cases. The status assessment showed that inorganic constituents had greater high and moderate aquifer-scale proportions than did organic constituents in all three study units. In the Tahoe-Martis study unit, RCs for inorganic constituents with health-based benchmarks (primarily arsenic) were high in 20% of the primary aquifer, moderate in 13%, and low in 67%. In the Central Sierra study unit, aquifer-scale proportions for inorganic constituents with health-based benchmarks (primarily arsenic, uranium, fluoride, and molybdenum) were 41% high, 36% moderate, and 23% low. In the Southern Sierra study unit, 32, 34, and 34% of the primary aquifer had high, moderate, and low RCs of inorganic constituents with health-based benchmarks (primarily arsenic, uranium, fluoride, boron, and nitrate). The high aquifer-scale proportions for inorganic constituents with non-health-based benchmarks were 14, 34, and 24% for the Tahoe-Martis, Central Sierra, and Southern Sierra study units, respectively, and the primary constituent was manganese for all three study units. Organic constituents with health-based benchmarks were not present at high RCs in the primary aquifers of the Central Sierra and Southern Sierra study units, and were present at high RCs in only 1% of the Tahoe-Martis study unit. Moderate aquifer-scale proportions for organic constituents were < 5% in all three study units. Of the 173 organic constituents analyzed, 22 were detected, and of those 22, 17 have health-based benchmarks. Organic constituents were detected in 20, 27, and 40% of the primary aquifers in the Tahoe-Martis, Central Sierra, and Southern Sierra study units, respectively. Four organic constituents had study-unit detection frequencies of > 10%: the trihalomethane chloroform in the Tahoe-Martis study unit; chloroform and the herbicide simazine in the Central Sierra study unit; and chloroform, simazine, the herbicide atrazine, and the solvent perchloroethene in the Southern Sierra study unit. The second component of this study, the understanding assessment, identified the natural and human factors that may have affected groundwater quality in the three study units by evaluating statistical correlations between water-quality constituents and potential explanatory factors. The potential explanatory factors evaluated were land use, septic tank density, climate, relative position in the regional flow system, aquifer lithology, geographic location, well depth and depth to the top of the screened or open interval in the well, groundwater age distribution, pH, and dissolved oxygen concentration. Results of the statistical evaluations were used to explain the occurrence and distribution of constituents in the study units. Aquifer lithology (granitic, metamorphic, sedimentary, or volcanic rocks), groundwater age distribution [modern (recharged since 1952), pre-modern (recharged before 1952), or mixed (containing both modern and pre-modern recharge)], geographic location, pH, and dissolved oxygen were the most significant factors explaining the occurrence patterns of most inorganic constituents. High and moderate RCs of arsenic were associated with pre-modern and mixed-age groundwater and two distinct sets of geochemical conditions: (1) oxic, high-pH conditions, particularly in volcanic rocks, and (2) low-oxygen to anoxic conditions and low- to neutral-pH conditions, particularly in granitic rocks. In granitic and metamorphic rocks, high and moderate RCs of uranium were associated with pre-modern and mixed-age groundwater, low-oxygen to anoxic conditions, and location within parts of the Central Sierra and Southern Sierra study units known to have rocks with anomalously high uranium content compared to other parts of the Sierra Nevada. High and moderate RCs of uranium in sedimentary rocks were associated with pre-modern-age groundwater, oxic and high-pH conditions, and location in the Tahoe Valley South subbasin within the Tahoe-Martis study unit. Land use within 500 meters of the well and groundwater age were the most significant factors explaining occurrence patterns of organic constituents. Herbicide detections were most strongly associated with modern- and mixed-age groundwater from wells with agricultural land use. Trihalomethane detections were most strongly associated with modern- and mixed-age groundwater from wells with > 10% urban land use and (or) septic tank density > 7 tanks per square kilometer. Solvent detections were not significantly related to groundwater age. Eighty-three percent of the wells with modern- or mixed-age groundwater, and 86% of wells with detections of herbicides and (or) THMs had depths to the top of the screened or open interval of < 170 feet. These observations suggest that modern groundwater has infiltrated to depths of approximately 170 feet below land surface. Land use and occurrence of herbicides and solvents were the most significant factors explaining the occurrence of nitrate. Wells with > 5% agricultural land use and detection of a herbicide or solvent had the highest nitrate concentrations. Comparison between observed and predicted detection frequencies of perchlorate suggests that the perchlorate detected at concentrations < 1 microgram per liter likely reflects the distribution of perchlorate under natural conditions, and that the perchlorate detected at higher concentrations may reflect redistribution of originally natural perchlorate salts by irrigation in the agricultural areas of the Southern Sierra study unit.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115216","collaboration":"A product of the California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Fram, M.S., and Belitz, K., 2012, Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the Tahoe-Martis, Central Sierra, and Southern Sierra study units, 2006-2007--California GAMA Priority Basin Project: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5216, xiv, 164 p.; Appendices;, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115216.","productDescription":"xiv, 164 p.; Appendices;","startPage":"i","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"236","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254483,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5216.jpg"},{"id":254479,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5216/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b979ce4b08c986b31bb7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fram, Miranda S. 0000-0002-6337-059X mfram@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6337-059X","contributorId":1156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fram","given":"Miranda","email":"mfram@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70038015,"text":"fs20123011 - 2012 - Groundwater quality in the Southern Sierra Nevada, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:35","indexId":"fs20123011","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3011","title":"Groundwater quality in the Southern Sierra Nevada, California","docAbstract":"Groundwater provides more than 40 percent of California's drinking water. To protect this vital resource, the State of California created the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The Priority Basin Project of the GAMA Program provides a comprehensive assessment of the State's groundwater quality and increases public access to groundwater-quality information. The Tehachapi-Cummings Valley and Kern River Valley basins and surrounding watersheds in the Southern Sierra Nevada constitute one of the study units being evaluated.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123011","collaboration":"U.S. Geological Survey and the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Fram, M.S., and Belitz, K., 2012, Groundwater quality in the Southern Sierra Nevada, California: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3011, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123011.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254478,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3011.jpg"},{"id":254474,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3011/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Tehachapi-cummings Valley;Kern River Valley","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2db9e4b0c8380cd5bfd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fram, Miranda S. 0000-0002-6337-059X mfram@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6337-059X","contributorId":1156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fram","given":"Miranda","email":"mfram@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70038018,"text":"fs20113143 - 2012 - Groundwater quality in the Tahoe and Martis Basins, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:35","indexId":"fs20113143","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-3143","title":"Groundwater quality in the Tahoe and Martis Basins, California","docAbstract":"Groundwater provides more than 40 percent of California's drinking water. To protect this vital resource, the State of California created the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The Priority Basin Project of the GAMA Program provides a comprehensive assessment of the State's groundwater quality and increases public access to groundwater-quality information. The Tahoe and Martis Basins and surrounding watersheds constitute one of the study units being evaluated.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113143","collaboration":"U.S. Geological Survey and the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Fram, M.S., and Belitz, K., 2012, Groundwater quality in the Tahoe and Martis Basins, California: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3143, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113143.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254477,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3143.jpg"},{"id":254475,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3143/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Lake Tahoe;Martis Valley","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2db9e4b0c8380cd5bfd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fram, Miranda S. 0000-0002-6337-059X mfram@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6337-059X","contributorId":1156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fram","given":"Miranda","email":"mfram@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70038016,"text":"fs20123010 - 2012 - Groundwater quality in the Central Sierra Nevada, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:35","indexId":"fs20123010","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3010","title":"Groundwater quality in the Central Sierra Nevada, California","docAbstract":"Groundwater provides more than 40 percent of California's drinking water. To protect this vital resource, the State of California created the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The Priority Basin Project of the GAMA Program provides a comprehensive assessment of the State's groundwater quality and increases public access to groundwater-quality information. Two small watersheds of the Fresno and San Joaquin Rivers in the Central Sierra Nevada constitute one of the study units being evaluated.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123010","collaboration":"U.S. Geological Survey and the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Fram, M.S., and Belitz, K., 2012, Groundwater quality in the Central Sierra Nevada, California: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3010, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123010.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254476,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3010.jpg"},{"id":254473,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3010/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Fresno River;Hensley Lake;Willow Creek;San Joaquin River","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2dafe4b0c8380cd5bfaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fram, Miranda S. 0000-0002-6337-059X mfram@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6337-059X","contributorId":1156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fram","given":"Miranda","email":"mfram@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037956,"text":"70037956 - 2012 - The effect of swab sample choice on the detection of avian influenza in apparently healthy wild ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-04T15:22:50.199491","indexId":"70037956","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-09T16:13:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":948,"text":"Avian Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of swab sample choice on the detection of avian influenza in apparently healthy wild ducks","docAbstract":"Historically, avian influenza viruses have been isolated from cloacal swab specimens, but recent data suggest that the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus can be better detected from respiratory tract specimens. To better understand how swab sample type affects the detection ability of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses we collected and tested four swab types: oropharyngeal swabs (OS), cloacal swabs (CS), the two swab types combined in the laboratory (LCS), and the two swab types combined in the field (FCS). A total of 1968 wild waterfowl were sampled by each of these four methods and tested for avian influenza virus using matrix gene reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR. The highest detection rate occurred with the FCS (4.3%) followed by the CS (4.0%). Although this difference did not achieve traditional statistical significance, Bayesian analysis indicated that FCS was superior to CS with an 82% probability. The detection rates for both the LCS (2.4%) and the OS (0.4%) were significantly different from the FCS. In addition, every swab type that was matrix RT-PCR positive was also tested for recovery of viable influenza virus. This protocol reduced the detection rate, but the ordering of swab types remained the same: 1.73% FCS, 1.42% CS, 0.81% LCS, and 0% OS. Our data suggest that the FCS performed at least as well as any other swab type for detecting LPAI viruses in the wild ducks tested. When considering recent studies showing that HPAI H5N1 can be better detected in the respiratory tract, the FCS is the most appropriate sample to collect for HPAI H5N1 surveillance while not compromising LPAI studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Avian Pathologists","publisherLocation":"Jacksonville, FL","doi":"10.1637/9832-061311-Reg.1","usgsCitation":"Ip, S., Dusek, R., and Heisey, D.M., 2012, The effect of swab sample choice on the detection of avian influenza in apparently healthy wild ducks: Avian Diseases, v. 56, no. 1, p. 114-119, https://doi.org/10.1637/9832-061311-Reg.1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"114","endPage":"119","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254472,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Colorado, North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Delevan National Wildlife Refuge, J. 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This mountain valley is underlain by the alluvial Wood River Valley aquifer system, which consists primarily of a single unconfined aquifer that underlies the entire valley, an underlying confined aquifer that is present only in the southernmost valley, and the confining unit that separates them. The entire population of the area depends on groundwater for domestic supply, either from domestic or municipal-supply wells, and rapid population growth since the 1970s has caused concern about the long-term sustainability of the groundwater resource. As part of an ongoing U.S. Geological Survey effort to characterize the groundwater resources of the Wood River Valley, this report describes the hydrogeologic framework of the Wood River Valley aquifer system.
\r\nAlthough most of the Wood River Valley aquifer system is composed of Quaternary-age sediments and basalts of the Wood River Valley and its tributaries, older igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic rocks that underlie these Quaternary deposits also are used for water supply. It is unclear to what extent these rocks are hydraulically connected to the main part of Wood River Valley aquifer system and thus whether they constitute separate aquifers. Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in and near the study area that produce water to wells and springs are the Phi Kappa and Trail Creek Formations (Ordovician and Silurian), the Milligen Formation (Devonian), and the Sun Valley Group including the Wood River Formation (Pennsylvanian-Permian) and the Dollarhide Formation (Permian). These sedimentary rocks are intruded by granitic rocks of the Late Cretaceous Idaho batholith. Eocene Challis Volcanic Group rocks overlie all of the older rocks (except where removed by erosion). Miocene Idavada Volcanics are found in the southern part of the study area. Most of these rocks have been folded, faulted, and metamorphosed to some degree, thus rock types and their relationships vary over distance.
\r\nQuaternary-age sediment and basalt compose the primary source of groundwater in the Wood River Valley aquifer system. These Quaternary deposits can be divided into three units: a coarse-grained sand and gravel unit, a fine-grained silt and clay unit, and a single basalt unit. The fine- and coarse-grained units were primarily deposited as alluvium derived from glaciation in the surrounding mountains and upper reaches of tributary canyons. The basalt unit is found in the southeastern Bellevue fan area and is composed of two flows of different ages. Most of the groundwater produced from the Wood River Valley aquifer system is from the coarse-grained deposits.
\r\nThe altitude of the pre-Quaternary bedrock surface in the Wood River Valley was compiled from about 1,000 well-driller reports for boreholes drilled to bedrock and about 70 Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) ambient-noise measurements. The bedrock surface generally mimics the land surface by decreasing down tributary canyons and the main valley from north to south; it ranges from more than 6,700 feet in Baker Creek to less than 4,600 feet in the central Bellevue fan. Most of the south-central portion of the Bellevue fan is underlain by an apparent topographically closed area on the bedrock surface that appears to drain to the southwest towards Stanton Crossing. Quaternary sediment thickness ranges from less than a foot on main and tributary valley margins to about 350 feet in the central Bellevue fan.
\r\nHydraulic conductivity for 81 wells in the study area was estimated from well-performance tests reported on well-driller reports. Estimated hydraulic conductivity for 79 wells completed in alluvium ranges from 1,900 feet per day (ft/d) along Warm Springs Creek to less than 1 ft/d in upper Croy Canyon. A well completed in bedrock had an estimated hydraulic conductivity value of 10 ft/d, one well completed in basalt had a value of 50 ft/d, and three wells completed in the confined system had values ranging from 32 to 52 ft/d.
\r\nSubsurface outflow of groundwater from the Wood River Valley aquifer system into the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer was estimated to be 4,000 acre-feet per year. Groundwater outflow beneath Stanton Crossing to the Camas Prairie was estimated to be 300 acre-feet per year.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125053","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Blaine County, City of Hailey, City of Ketchum, The Nature Conservancy, City of Sun Valley, Sun Valley Water and Sewer District, Blaine Soil Conservation District, and City of Bellevue","usgsCitation":"Bartolino, J.R., and Adkins, C.B., 2012, Hydrogeologic framework of the Wood River Valley aquifer system, south-central Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5053, vi, 36 p.; Glossary; Appendices Downloads; Plate: 22.00 x 28.02 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125053.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p.; Glossary; Appendices Downloads; Plate: 22.00 x 28.02 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254462,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5053/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":254463,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5053.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","county":"Blaine","otherGeospatial":"Wood River Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.65,42.266666666666666 ], [ -114.65,43.833333333333336 ], [ -114,43.833333333333336 ], [ -114,42.266666666666666 ], [ -114.65,42.266666666666666 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a33dde4b0c8380cd5f32a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartolino, James R. 0000-0002-2166-7803 jrbartol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2166-7803","contributorId":2548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartolino","given":"James","email":"jrbartol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adkins, Candice B.","contributorId":34234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adkins","given":"Candice","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037979,"text":"fs20123048 - 2012 - DOI Climate Science Centers--Regional science to address management priorities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-10T15:51:26.749107","indexId":"fs20123048","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3048","title":"DOI Climate Science Centers--Regional science to address management priorities","docAbstract":"Our Nation's lands, waters, and ecosystems and the living and cultural resources they contain face myriad challenges from invasive species, the effects of changing land and water use, habitat fragmentation and degradation, and other influences. These challenges are compounded by increasing influences from a changing climate—higher temperatures, increasing droughts, floods, and wildfires, and overall increasing variability in weather and climate. The Department of the Interior (DOI) has established eight regional Climate Science Centers (CSC) (fig. 1) that will provide scientific information and tools to natural and cultural resource managers as they plan for conserving these resources in a changing world. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center (NCCWSC) is managing the CSCs on behalf of the DOI.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123048","usgsCitation":"O'Malley, R., 2012, DOI Climate Science Centers--Regional science to address management priorities: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3048, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123048.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-031644","costCenters":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254461,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3048.png"},{"id":254458,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3048/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd50e4b0c8380cd4e776","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Malley, Robin romalley@usgs.gov","contributorId":3954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Malley","given":"Robin","email":"romalley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":463194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}