The Jackson Mountains, a prominent range near the center of Humboldt County, Nevada, are of interest because the Cretaceous rocks in the range record the effects of a late Cretaceous to early Tertiary orogeny. Such an orogeny has been assumed to have effected all of the Great Basin, but the rock record is sufficiently complete to provide positive dating in only a few areas such as the Jackson Mountains.
The oldest rocks in the range are the Permian and older(?) volcanic rocks of the Happy Creek volcanic series which make up most of the northern half of the range. In a few places the Happy Creek volcanic series grades upward into undivided Permian and Triassic rocks, which consist of interbedded elastic sedimentary rocks and basic volcanic rocks, with some shaly and siliceous limestone. The Happy Creek volcanic series is also overlain by an unnamed predominantly limestone unit of Triassic age. A phyllite and slate unit of probable Triassic ass is in fault contact with the Permian and Triassic undivided rocks. At several other localities the Happy Creek volcanic rocks are overlain by the early Cretaceous King Lear formation or by the Cretaceous or Tertiary Pansy Lee conglomerate, which are the two units of chief importance in dating the Cretaceous and early Tertiary orogenic events.
The King Lear formation consists of locally derived pebble and boulder conglomerate and interbedded siltstone and greywacke, and lenses of limestone.
The Pansy Lee conglomerate is a pebble conglomerate with considerable interbedded coarse-grained sandstone. The pebbles consist of chart and quartzite completely unlike rocks pow exposed in the Jackson mountains.
Dioritic rocks were intruded both before and after the King Lear formation was deposited. Granodioritic intrusive bodies in the range cut rocks no younger than Triassic but the granodiorite is believed to be of late Cretaceous or early Tertiary age.
Tertiary intrusive and extrusive volcanic rocks and sedimentary rocks are widely distributed along the east side and south end of the range.
The most extensive tectonic feature of the Jackson Mountains is the Deer Creek thrust, which is discontinuously exposed from Rattlesnake Canyon northeastward to the north side of Deer Creek Peak. The thrust has brought the Happy Creek volcanic series over the King Lear and Pansy Lee formations, and thus it is of late Cretaceous or early Tertiary age.
An earlier period of Cretaceous deformation is shown by a northeastward-plunging syncline in the King Lear formation on the southeast side of King Lear Peak.
Pre-Cretaceous deformation is shown by a tight fold in lime/atom of the undivided Permian and Triassic unit beneath the King Lear formation at the mouth of Rattlesnake Canyon.
The late Tertiary deformation vas almost exclusively a response to vertically directed stresses, which generally produced high angle faults rather than folds. The range has probably been uplifted principally by displacement on faults that are buried beneath the alluvium some distance to the east and vest of the range.
Ore deposits in the range include tome small but high-grade iron deposits, some low-grade quicksilver deposits and some small copper prospects.
The iron occurs in veins that cut the Happy Creek volcanic series or as replacement bodies near the contact between diorite and the Happy Creek volcanics. Bleached volcanic rocks that are cut by numerous closely spaced joints with a film of hematite in the volcanic rock on either aids of the joints suggest that the iron of the iron deposits has been derived from the Happy Creek volcanic rocks. The diorite intrusives may have provided heat and solutions to mobilize the iron of the volcanic rocks.
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Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1553","usgsCitation":"Wells, J.V., 1960, Surface water supply of the United States, 1958, Part 2-A, South Atlantic slope basins, James River to Savannah River: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1553, viii, 273 p. :ill., tables ;25 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1553.","productDescription":"viii, 273 p. :ill., tables ;25 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139149,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1553/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":29660,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1553/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db69607e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, J. V. B.","contributorId":57037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"V. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":66276,"text":"i307 - 1960 - Engineering and surficial geology of the Nenana-Rex area, Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":14392,"text":"ofr5667 - 1956 - Engineering geology of the Nenana-Rex area, Alaska","indexId":"ofr5667","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"title":"Engineering geology of the Nenana-Rex area, Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":66276,"text":"i307 - 1960 - Engineering and surficial geology of the Nenana-Rex area, Alaska","indexId":"i307","publicationYear":"1960","noYear":false,"title":"Engineering and surficial geology of the Nenana-Rex area, Alaska"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:03","indexId":"i307","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1960","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"307","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Engineering and surficial geology of the Nenana-Rex area, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i307","usgsCitation":"Kachadoorian, R., 1960, Engineering and surficial geology of the Nenana-Rex area, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 307, 1 map., https://doi.org/10.3133/i307.","productDescription":"1 map.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":102795,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_1253.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"1253"},{"id":189718,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"63360","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -149.33333333333334,64.20083333333334 ], [ -149.33333333333334,64.58333333333333 ], [ -148.66666666666666,64.58333333333333 ], [ -148.66666666666666,64.20083333333334 ], [ -149.33333333333334,64.20083333333334 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602886","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kachadoorian, Reuben","contributorId":24336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kachadoorian","given":"Reuben","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":274285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3783,"text":"cir424 - 1960 - Ground-water supplies in shale and sandstone in Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William Counties, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-02T20:38:28","indexId":"cir424","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1960","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"424","title":"Ground-water supplies in shale and sandstone in Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William Counties, Virginia","docAbstract":"The Triassic rocks of northern Virginia may be a potential source of moderately large supplies of ground water for municipal end industrial use if the performance of two deep wells drilled at the site of the new Dulles International Airport is a criterion. These two wells produced 327 and 600 gpm (gallons per minute) from depths of 860-and 955 feet in sedimentary rocks in an immediate area where the previous maximum depth reported was 180 feet and the maximum yield 12 gpm. \r\n\r\nChemical analyses of the water indicates that it is extremely hard--533 and 500 ppm (parts per million) in the two wells--and would require treatment to be satisfactory for domestic and some industrial uses. However, water of better quality may be present at greater depths, and it may be possible to case off the more highly mineralized water. Further exploration and sampling of water from various depths will be necessary for efficient development of the Triassic groundwater reservoir.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir424","usgsCitation":"Johnston, P.M., 1960, Ground-water supplies in shale and sandstone in Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William Counties, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 424, iv, 7 p. :map, tables. ;27cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir424.","productDescription":"iv, 7 p. :map, tables. ;27cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":30855,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1960/0424/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":117873,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1960/0424/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a463","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnston, Paul McKelvey","contributorId":8828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"McKelvey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3817,"text":"cir434 - 1960 - Progress report on use of water by riparian vegetation, Cottonwood Wash, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:39","indexId":"cir434","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1960","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"434","title":"Progress report on use of water by riparian vegetation, Cottonwood Wash, Arizona","docAbstract":"Measurements of streamflow, ground-water levels, and meterological data obtained in a 4.1-mile reach of the flood plain of Cottonwood Wash, Mohave County, Ariz., define the use of water by riparian vegetation in that part of the stream valley. The computed evapotranspiration loss during the growing season of 1959 was 175 acre-feet, which represented about 33 percent of the water that entered the reach. The maximum rate of loss during the season was slightly more than 8 acre-feet per week, or about 60 percent of the inflow. \r\n\r\nThe project reach is divided into two parts: An upstream subreach of 2.6 miles and a downstream subreach of 1.5 miles. Seasonal losses in the upstream and downstream subreaches were 75 and 100 acre-feet respectively. Losses in the shorter downstream subreach were larger because of the greater plant population. \r\n\r\nDuring the summer of 1960 the vegetation in the lower subreach will be chemically defoliated as a part of the experiment to determine the savings in water losses that can be effected by modifying riparian vegetation. Tests on chemical defoliants indicate that a single spraying eliminates the leaves on cottonwood trees for 7 or 8 days and that no permanent damage results.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir434","usgsCitation":"Hendricks, E.L., Kam, W., and Bowie, J.E., 1960, Progress report on use of water by riparian vegetation, Cottonwood Wash, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 434, iii, 11 p. :ill., map ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir434.","productDescription":"iii, 11 p. :ill., map ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124664,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1960/0434/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30887,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1960/0434/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6493f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hendricks, E. L.","contributorId":50126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendricks","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kam, William","contributorId":85159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kam","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bowie, James E.","contributorId":29393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowie","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}