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1959 - Iron-ore resources of the United States including Alaska and Puerto Rico, 1955","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":13430,"text":"ofr5473 - 1954 - Iron deposits of North America, Cuba, and Puerto Rico","indexId":"ofr5473","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Iron deposits of North America, Cuba, and Puerto Rico"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":47377,"text":"b1082C - 1959 - Iron-ore resources of the United States including Alaska and Puerto Rico, 1955","indexId":"b1082C","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Iron-ore resources of the United States including Alaska and Puerto Rico, 1955"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":47377,"text":"b1082C - 1959 - Iron-ore resources of the United States including Alaska and Puerto Rico, 1955","indexId":"b1082C","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Iron-ore resources of the United States including Alaska and Puerto Rico, 1955"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33208,"text":"b1082 - 1962 - Contributions to economic geology, 1958","indexId":"b1082","publicationYear":"1962","noYear":false,"title":"Contributions to economic geology, 1958"},"id":2}],"isPartOf":{"id":33208,"text":"b1082 - 1962 - Contributions to economic geology, 1958","indexId":"b1082","publicationYear":"1962","noYear":false,"title":"Contributions to economic geology, 1958"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-24T18:21:40.983129","indexId":"b1082C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1082","chapter":"C","title":"Iron-ore resources of the United States including Alaska and Puerto Rico, 1955","docAbstract":"The importance of iron ore, the basic raw material of steel, as a fundamental mineral, resource is shown by the fact that about 100 million long tons of steel is used annually in the economy of the United States, as compared with a combined total of about 5 million long tons of copper, lead, zinc, and aluminum. Satisfying this annual demand for steel requires about 110 million tons of iron ore and 70 million tons of scrap iron and steel.
The average annual consumption of iron ore in the United States from 1951 to 1955, inclusive, was about 110 million long tons, which is about twice the annual average from 1900 to 1930. Production of iron ore in the United States in this 5-year period averaged approximately 100 million long tons annually, divided by regions as follows (in percent): Lake Superior, 84.1; southeastern, 6.7; western, 6.7; northeastern, 1.4; and central and gulf, 1.1.
Mining of iron ore began in the American Colonies about 1619, and for 225 years it was limited to eastern United States where fuel and markets were readily available. Production of iron ore from the Lake Superior region began in 1846; the region became the leading domestic source by 1890, and the Mesabi range in Minnesota has been the world's most productive area since 1896. Proximity of raw materials, water transportation, and markets has resulted in centralization of the country's iron and steel industry in the lower Great Lakes area. Increased imports of iron ore being delivered to eastern United States as well as demands for steel in nearby markets have given impetus to expansion in the steel-making capacity in this area.
The four chief iron-ore minerals - hematite, liminite, magnetite, and siderite - are widely distributed but only locally form deposits of sufficient tonnage and grade to be commercially valuable at the present time. The iron content of these minerals, of which hematite is the most important, ranges from 48 percent in siderite to 72 percent in magnetite, but as these minerals are associated with other rock-forming minerals, the iron content of marketable ore has a lower range from 30 to 67 percent.
Chemical constituents other than iron also are important in determining the marketability of iron ore. Although some iron ores can be used in the blast furnace as mined, others must first be improved either chemically by reduction of undesirable constituents, or physically by aggregation. Phosphorus and sulfur particularly are common deleterious elements; excessive silica is also undesirable but within certain limits can be controlled by additional flux. Lime and magnesia are beneficial in specified amounts because of their fluxing qualities, and a small amount of alumina improves the fluidity of slag. Manganese is especially desirable as a deoxidizing and desulfurizing agent. Titanium, chromium, and nickel must also be considered in the use of ore containing these elements.
The principal iron-ore deposits in the United States have been formed by three processes. Hematite-bearing bedded deposits such as those at Birmingham, Ala., are marine sedimentary rocks which, except for weathering along the outcrop, have remained practically unaltered since deposition. Deposits of the Lake Superior region, also in sedimentary strata, originally had a slightly lower iron content than those at-Birmingham, but ore bodies of hematite and limonite were formed by removal of other constituents in solution after deposition of the beds, with a relative increase of iron content in the material remaining. Limestone adjacent to igneous intrusions has been replaced by magnetite deposits at Cornwall, Pa., and by hematite-magnetite deposits near Cedar City, Utah. Magnetite deposits in New Jersey and in the Adirondack Mountains of New York are generally believed to have been formed by replacement of grains of other minerals in metamorphic rocks.
Iron-ore resources are made up of reserves of iron ore, material usable under existing economic and technologic conditions; and potential ore, material likely to become usable under more favorable conditions. The tonnage and grade of material of combined reserves and potential ore in each of the deposits known or believed to contain at least 200,000 long tons of iron-ore resources are tabulated in this report, and numerous sources of additional information are given in a selected bibliography.
The total domestic iron-ore resources are estimated at approximately 75,000 million long tons of crude ore. About 10,000 million tons of the resources is reserves of crude ore that will probably yield 5,500 million tons of concentrates and direct-shipping ore. About 65,000 million tons is potential ore and may yield 25,000 million tons of concentrates and some direct-shipping ore.
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stratigraphy and Upper Triassic paleontology of the Union district, Shoshone Mountains, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-16T20:03:29.442554","indexId":"pp322","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"322","title":"Pre-Tertiary stratigraphy and Upper Triassic paleontology of the Union district, Shoshone Mountains, Nevada","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp322","usgsCitation":"Silberling, N.J., 1959, Pre-Tertiary stratigraphy and Upper Triassic paleontology of the Union district, Shoshone Mountains, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 322, Report: 67 p.; 2 Plates: 20.00 x 38.00 inches and 40.00 x 23.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp322.","productDescription":"Report: 67 p.; 2 Plates: 20.00 x 38.00 inches and 40.00 x 23.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122125,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0322/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":66249,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0322/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66250,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0322/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66251,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0322/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":486128,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4320.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Shoshone Mountains, Union district","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.62765919153402,\n 38.94480291926618\n ],\n [\n -117.62765919153402,\n 38.69167148479539\n ],\n [\n -117.50085574837422,\n 38.69167148479539\n ],\n [\n -117.50085574837422,\n 38.94480291926618\n ],\n [\n -117.62765919153402,\n 38.94480291926618\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad1e4b07f02db6811ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Silberling, Norman J.","contributorId":102438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silberling","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":47402,"text":"b1106B - 1959 - Geophysical abstracts 177, April-June 1959","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":47402,"text":"b1106B - 1959 - Geophysical abstracts 177, April-June 1959","indexId":"b1106B","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Geophysical abstracts 177, April-June 1959"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":40026,"text":"b1106 - 1960 - Geophysical abstracts 176-179 January-December 1959","indexId":"b1106","publicationYear":"1960","noYear":false,"title":"Geophysical abstracts 176-179 January-December 1959"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":40026,"text":"b1106 - 1960 - Geophysical abstracts 176-179 January-December 1959","indexId":"b1106","publicationYear":"1960","noYear":false,"title":"Geophysical abstracts 176-179 January-December 1959"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-08T14:37:28","indexId":"b1106B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1106","chapter":"B","title":"Geophysical abstracts 177, April-June 1959","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical abstracts 176-179 January-December 1959","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b1106B","usgsCitation":"Vitaliano, D.B., Vesselowksy, S., and and others, 1959, Geophysical abstracts 177, April-June 1959: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1106, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1106B.","productDescription":"30 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":84329,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1106b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":170835,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1106b/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c325","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vitaliano, Dorothy B.","contributorId":46159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vitaliano","given":"Dorothy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vesselowksy, S.T.","contributorId":102939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vesselowksy","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"and others","contributorId":127886,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"and others","id":531730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":39078,"text":"pp294K - 1959 - The rocks and fossils of Glacier National Park: The story of their origin and history","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-13T15:08:51","indexId":"pp294K","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"294","chapter":"K","title":"The rocks and fossils of Glacier National Park: The story of their origin and history","docAbstract":"The story of Glacier National Park begins about 500 million years ago, at a time when there were no mountains in the region - only a vast, exceedingly shallow sea, bordered by desolate plains. The sand, clay, and mud, in part very limy, that were laid down in this sea eventually hardened into the rocks that are now known as the Belt series. These are the principal rocks in the park. Scattered through these rocks are crinkled, limy masses of many forms, the remains of deposits made by colonies of algae. After the Belt series was laid down, successive seas slowly advanced and retreated through long ages across what is now Glacier National Park, burying the Belt rocks under younger ones. After another very long time, a gentle uplift, the forerunner of later events, brought this part of the continent above the reach of sea water for the last time. Much later, some 50 million years ago, the disturbance became far more intense. To climax this upheaval, a mass of rock thousands of feet thick and hundreds of miles long was shoved eastward for 35 miles or more. This tremendous dislocation, well exposed along the eastern boundary of the park, is known as the Lewis overthrust.\r\n\r\nWhen the rocks of the region emerged from the sea they began to be attacked by erosion. As successive periods of crustal movement and erosion continued, the younger rocks were slowly stripped off the Belt series and sculpture of the latter by weather and water shaped the early Rocky Mountains.\r\n\r\nThe final episode in the park's geologic past was the ice age, beginning about a million years ago. Repeated advances and retreats of the great glaciers in the high valleys accentuated the mountain terrain and developed the scenic grandeur that is now Glacier National Park. One may say that the park is still in the ice age, for some glaciers still exist.\r\n\r\nThe present report, companion to two more technical reports on the region, informally presents the story of the park's development through past eras for readers without geologic training. Many places worth visiting are cited in the text, and a shaded relief map is provided to help find them.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Shorter Contributions to General Geology 1956","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp294K","usgsCitation":"Ross, C.P., and Rezak, R., 1959, The rocks and fossils of Glacier National Park: The story of their origin and history: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 294, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp294K.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"401","endPage":"439","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":66380,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0294k/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66379,"rank":399,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0294k/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66381,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0294k/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66382,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0294k/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":126708,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0294k/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67acca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, Clyde P.","contributorId":10473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Clyde","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rezak, Richard","contributorId":48963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rezak","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":39077,"text":"pp294J - 1959 - Conodonts from the Chappel limestone of Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-22T19:31:53.538067","indexId":"pp294J","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"294","chapter":"J","title":"Conodonts from the Chappel limestone of Texas","docAbstract":"The Chappel limestone of Early Mississippian (late Kinderhook and probably partly early Osage) age crops out in the Llano region of Texas where it is as much as 45 feet thick. It contains three conodont faunal zones which, from youngest to oldest, are herein designated: (1) the Bactrognathus communis zone of probable early Osage age; (2) the Gnathodus punctatus zone of late Kinderhook (Chouteau) age—this zone ranges throughout the greater thickness of the Chappel; and (3) the Siphonodella cooperi zone, also of late Kinderhook (Chouteau) age. This zonation is based on an examination of the disjunct conodonts in more than 150 collections, as well as on a study of the frequency distribution of species in 68 collections. These 68 collections contain 22,946 identifiable specimens, some representing reworked material derived from Ordovician, Devonian, and lower-most Mississippian sources. Four generic names, Dollymae, Branmehla, Hindeodina, and Pandorinellina, are new; the last named replaces Pandorina Stauffer, 1940, which is preoccupied.
A new classification of disjunct conodonts is presented. This classification, utilitarian rather than biologic, is based on the fact that each individual conodont was built up by the accretion of lamellae about the apex of the pulp cavity. This cavity is used as the point of reference for all other parts of the conodont structure. Separation of the lamellae from one another, along one or more growth axes and in one or more directions, resulted in the development of fanglike structures without dentides (Distacodontidae); fanglike structures with denticles (Belodontidae); denticulated blades and bars (Coleodontidae, Prioniodinidae, and Prioniodontidae); platelike structures with platforms (Polygnathidae); and platelike structures with greatly expanded pulp cavities (Idiognathodontidae).
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Shorter Contributions to General Geology 1956","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp294J","usgsCitation":"Hass, W.H., 1959, Conodonts from the Chappel limestone of Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 294, Report: p. 365-399; 1 Chart; 1 Table, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp294J.","productDescription":"Report: p. 365-399; 1 Chart; 1 Table","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393186,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0294j/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":393188,"rank":4,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0294j/table-1.pdf","text":"Table 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122201,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0294j/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":393187,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0294j/chart-1.pdf","text":"Chart 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.36035156249999,\n 30.192618218499273\n ],\n [\n -97.61352539062499,\n 30.192618218499273\n ],\n [\n -97.61352539062499,\n 31.484893386890164\n ],\n [\n -99.36035156249999,\n 31.484893386890164\n ],\n [\n -99.36035156249999,\n 30.192618218499273\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a31ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hass, Wilbert H.","contributorId":270242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hass","given":"Wilbert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":39049,"text":"pp327 - 1959 - Geology and mineral resources of Paraguay--a reconnaissance, with sections on Igneous and metamorphic rocks and soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:59","indexId":"pp327","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"327","title":"Geology and mineral resources of Paraguay--a reconnaissance, with sections on Igneous and metamorphic rocks and soils","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp327","usgsCitation":"Eckel, E., Milton, C., and Sulsona, P., 1959, Geology and mineral resources of Paraguay--a reconnaissance, with sections on Igneous and metamorphic rocks and soils: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 327, 110 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp327.","productDescription":"110 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0327/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":66278,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0327/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db6850fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eckel, E.B.","contributorId":22825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eckel","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milton, Charles","contributorId":13616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milton","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sulsona, P.T.","contributorId":79149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sulsona","given":"P.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":39074,"text":"pp316C - 1959 - Regional geophysical investigations of the Lisbon Valley area, Utah and Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-14T20:37:28.910546","indexId":"pp316C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"316","chapter":"C","title":"Regional geophysical investigations of the Lisbon Valley area, Utah and Colorado","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical field investigations, 1956-63 (Professional Paper 316)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp316C","usgsCitation":"Byerly, P., and Joesting, H., 1959, Regional geophysical investigations of the Lisbon Valley area, Utah and Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 316, Report: 12 p.; 4 Plates: 19.00 x 16.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp316C.","productDescription":"Report: 12 p.; 4 Plates: 19.00 x 16.00 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120128,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0316c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":66363,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0316c/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66364,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0316c/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66367,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0316c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66366,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0316c/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66365,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0316c/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":484530,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4309.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.5,\n 38.375\n ],\n [\n -109.5,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -109,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -109,\n 38.375\n ],\n [\n -109.5,\n 38.375\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db6252d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Byerly, P.E.","contributorId":105784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byerly","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Joesting, H.R.","contributorId":7682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joesting","given":"H.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":39067,"text":"pp314G - 1959 - Succession and speciation of the pelecypod Aucella","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:59","indexId":"pp314G","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"314","chapter":"G","title":"Succession and speciation of the pelecypod Aucella","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Shorter contributions to general geology, 1957","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp314G","usgsCitation":"Imlay, R.W., 1959, Succession and speciation of the pelecypod Aucella: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 314, p. 155-169, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp314G.","productDescription":"p. 155-169","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0314g/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":66329,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0314g/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699945","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Imlay, R. W.","contributorId":23118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Imlay","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":39069,"text":"pp315A - 1959 - Geology of part of the Horseshoe atoll in Scurry and Kent Counties, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-22T21:38:59.844863","indexId":"pp315A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"315","chapter":"A","title":"Geology of part of the Horseshoe atoll in Scurry and Kent Counties, Texas","docAbstract":"The subsurface Horseshoe atoll is an arcuate accumulation of fossiliferous limestone 70 to 90 miles across in the northern part of the Midland basin, in western Texas. The stratigraphy, the lithologic character of the rocks, and the petroleum reservoirs of the southeastern part of the atoll in Scurry County and parts of adjacent counties are described herein.
Rocks of Strawn, Canyon, and Cisco ages, belonging to the Pennsylvanian system, and rocks of Wolfcamp age, belonging to the Permian system, form the Horseshoe atoll. Reworking of these rocks at several times during the growth of the atoll has resulted in the formation of large amounts of limestone breccia, in the mixing of the fusulinid faunas used to date the rocks, and in the complex age relations between rocks in different parts of the atoll. Thin beds of shale within this limestone mass are the only lithologic units that can be correlated for any appreciable distance in the atoll, but studies of micrologs from wells penetrating the atoll have revealed many zones of low porosity that can be correlated with reasonable certainty over much of the area described in this report.
The atoll rests on a platform of bedded limestone and shale, which has been designated as equivalent in age to the Bend and Strawn groups of the Pennsylvanian system. It is covered mainly by shale, which has been designated as equivalent in age to the Wolfcamp series of the Permian system and is partly equivalent in age to the youngest rocks within the atoll.
Reworking of the rocks, the complex distribution of rocks of different ages, the presence of thin beds of shale, and the stratification of porosity in the atoll suggest that this structure has many of the characteristics of a reef. Its growth in the Midland basin was apparently cyclic and may have been related to changes of sea level during the Late Pennsylvanian and early Permian periods.
Oil is contained in porous zones within the atoll, mainly in reservoirs in hills along the crest of the structure where the overlying shale formed an impervious cap, but some is found in the lower part of the limestone mass where the reasons for the oil traps are not as apparent. The source of the oil was probably the shale of Wolfcamp age that surrounds the atoll.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pennsylvanian and Lower Permian rocks of parts of west and central Texas","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp315A","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Economic Geology the University of Texas","usgsCitation":"Stafford, P.T., 1959, Geology of part of the Horseshoe atoll in Scurry and Kent Counties, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 315, Report: iii, 20 p.; 8 Plates: 30.00 × 27.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp315A.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 20 p.; 8 Plates: 30.00 × 27.00 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":396286,"rank":11,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4304.htm"},{"id":66350,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0315a/plate-9.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66349,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0315a/plate-8.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66347,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0315a/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66346,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0315a/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122199,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0315a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":66344,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0315a/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66345,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0315a/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66351,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0315a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66343,"rank":399,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0315a/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66348,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0315a/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Kent County, Scurry County","otherGeospatial":"Horseshoe atoll","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -101.19,\n 32.5417\n ],\n [\n -100.8,\n 32.5417\n ],\n [\n -100.8,\n 33.05\n ],\n [\n -101.19,\n 33.05\n ],\n [\n -101.19,\n 32.5417\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6886db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stafford, Philip T.","contributorId":25221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":47387,"text":"b1083A - 1959 - Periodic heat flow in a stratified medium with application to permafrost problems","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":14561,"text":"ofr5856 - 1958 - Dissipation of the temperature effect of drilling a well in Arctic Alaska","indexId":"ofr5856","publicationYear":"1958","noYear":false,"title":"Dissipation of the temperature effect of drilling a well in Arctic Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":47387,"text":"b1083A - 1959 - Periodic heat flow in a stratified medium with application to permafrost problems","indexId":"b1083A","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Periodic heat flow in a stratified medium with application to permafrost problems"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":47387,"text":"b1083A - 1959 - Periodic heat flow in a stratified medium with application to permafrost problems","indexId":"b1083A","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Periodic heat flow in a stratified medium with application to permafrost problems"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33226,"text":"b1083 - 1959 - Experimental and theoretical geophysics","indexId":"b1083","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"title":"Experimental and theoretical geophysics"},"id":2}],"isPartOf":{"id":33226,"text":"b1083 - 1959 - Experimental and theoretical geophysics","indexId":"b1083","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"title":"Experimental and theoretical geophysics"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-08T14:31:25","indexId":"b1083A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1083","chapter":"A","title":"Periodic heat flow in a stratified medium with application to permafrost problems","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Experimental and theoretical geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b1083A","usgsCitation":"Lachenbruch, A., 1959, Periodic heat flow in a stratified medium with application to permafrost problems: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1083, p. 1-36, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1083A.","productDescription":"p. 1-36","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":84310,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1083a/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84311,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1083a/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84312,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1083a/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84313,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1083a/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":172974,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1083a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":84314,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1083a/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84315,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1083a/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84316,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1083a/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84317,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1083a/plate-8.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84318,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1083a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db68847f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lachenbruch, A.H.","contributorId":76737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lachenbruch","given":"A.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":39070,"text":"pp315B - 1959 - Geology of part of the Horseshoe atoll in Borden and Howard Counties, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-22T21:31:16.610585","indexId":"pp315B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"315","chapter":"B","title":"Geology of part of the Horseshoe atoll in Borden and Howard Counties, Texas","docAbstract":"The Horseshoe atoll is an arcuate mass of deeply buried fossiliferous limestone of Pennsylvanian and early Permian age in the Midland basin of west Texas. The southern part of the atoll is in southern Borden and northern Howard Counties. From early Strawn until early Wolf camp time this atoll, which had some of the characteristics of a reef, was a prominent feature on the floor of the Midland basin. The crest of the atoll is a series of buried hills and saddles. In the area of this report, 10 oil fields have been found in the hills along the crest, 2 on spurs on the flank of the atoll, 2 in the distant seaward area, and 2 on the seaward flank occupied by the central lagoon.
Calcilutite, calcarenite, and calcirudite comprise most of the reef rock, but there are a few thin beds of shale. The complex facies relations and stratigraphy of this reef are best explained as effects of oscillation of sea level during the time of reef growth. The cementation of the reef and subsequent development of porosity can be explained by the same oscillations of sea level, plus leaching by ground water during the periods of emergence. Reef growth was terminated in early Wolfcamp time when large volumes of fine-grained terrigenous sediments were deposited in the area.
The oil probably accumulated during Wolfcamp time shortly after the atoll was covered by black shale. Some peculiarities in the observed distribution of oil in the atoll may be explained by the apparent stratification of porosity.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pennsylvanian and Lower Permian rocks of parts of west and central Texas","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp315B","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Economic Geology of the University of Texas","usgsCitation":"Burnside, R.J., 1959, Geology of part of the Horseshoe atoll in Borden and Howard Counties, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 315, Report: iii, 15 p.; 4 Plates: 46.63 x 30.58 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp315B.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 15 p.; 4 Plates: 46.63 x 30.58 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":396283,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4305.htm"},{"id":66352,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0315b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":120126,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0315b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":393228,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0315b/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":393227,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0315b/plate-12.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":393229,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0315b/plate-13.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":393230,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0315b/plate-14.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Borden County, Howard County","otherGeospatial":"Horseshoe atoll","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -101.19,\n 32.9167\n ],\n [\n -101.7,\n 32.9167\n ],\n [\n -101.7,\n 32.35\n ],\n [\n -101.19,\n 32.35\n ],\n [\n -101.19,\n 32.9167\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688878","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burnside, R. 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Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1432","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1959, Surface water supply of the United States, 1956, Part I-B, New York to York River: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1432, xii, 627 p. ;23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1432.","productDescription":"xii, 627 p. ;23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137316,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1432/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":25247,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1432/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db6961c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":527656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":695,"text":"wsp1515 - 1959 - Surface water supply of the United States, 1957, part 11, Pacific slope basins in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:11","indexId":"wsp1515","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1515","title":"Surface water supply of the United States, 1957, part 11, Pacific slope basins in California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1515","usgsCitation":"Wells, J.V., 1959, Surface water supply of the United States, 1957, part 11, Pacific slope basins in California: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1515, xiii, 621 p. :tables ;23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1515.","productDescription":"xiii, 621 p. :tables ;23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137487,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1515/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":25258,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1515/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db6960ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, J. V. B.","contributorId":57037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"V. 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Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1514","usgsCitation":"Wells, J.V., 1959, Surface water supply of the United States, 1957, part 10, The Great Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1514, viii, 228 p. :tables ;23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1514.","productDescription":"viii, 228 p. :tables ;23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137486,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1514/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":25257,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1514/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db6961a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, J. V. B.","contributorId":57037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"V. 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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5911","collaboration":"In cooperation with Nassau County, New York","usgsCitation":"Brice, H., Whitaker, C., and Sawyer, R., 1959, A progress report on the disposal of storm water at an experimental seepage basin near Mineola, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 59-11, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5911.","productDescription":"34 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181955,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1959/0011/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":485564,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1959/0011/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Mineola","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.61454921457043,\n 40.756287648750686\n ],\n [\n -73.65983306076743,\n 40.756287648750686\n ],\n [\n -73.65983306076743,\n 40.73045034752951\n ],\n [\n -73.61454921457043,\n 40.73045034752951\n ],\n [\n -73.61454921457043,\n 40.756287648750686\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8e46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brice, H.D.","contributorId":41406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brice","given":"H.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitaker, C.L.","contributorId":79558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitaker","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sawyer, R.M.","contributorId":55074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sawyer","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":59369,"text":"mf219 - 1959 - Mojave quadrangle, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:16","indexId":"mf219","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"219","title":"Mojave quadrangle, California","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf219","usgsCitation":"Dibblee, T.W., 1959, Mojave quadrangle, California: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 219, 1 map ;45 x 37 cm. folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf219.","productDescription":"1 map ;45 x 37 cm. folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":101840,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_90.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"90"},{"id":185439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.25,35 ], [ -118.25,35.25 ], [ -118,35.25 ], [ -118,35 ], [ -118.25,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699344","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dibblee, T. 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The drill hole is in the north-central part of the Tippipah Spring quadrangle, approximately 40 miles north of Mercury, Nev. The collar of the hole is at an elevation of 5,490.28 feet and has the Nevada State grid coordinates of N. 904,480.13 and E. 637,758.38. The hole is accessible by a graded dirt road easily traversed by heavy construction equipment, that connects to the highway between Mercury and Groom Lake.
\nThe hole was core drilled by Minerals Engineering Company, Grand Junction, Colo., with a 2,000-foot capacity Portadrill drilling rig and conventional NX coring equipment. Drilling was started July 13, and completed August 30, 1959. The drilling fluid was water for most of the hole. At some places in the hole, where loss of drilling fluid was high, the water was thickened with bentonitic mud. At 1,103 feet, presumed caving of the hole caused the drill stem to stick so that it could not be withdrawn; subsequently about 920 feet of the drill stem was recovered. The hole was then reamed to 800 feet and cemented from 785 to 855 feet. A whipstock was emplaced at depth of 805 feet so that the hole, which was vertical to this depth, would be deflected 4° from the vertical. Core was recovered for this part of the hole from 1,088 to 1,187 feet, the total depth. Seven feet of 8-inch outside diameter casing was set from the collar.
\nThis report summarizes the information obtained during preparation of the lithologic log of the core and presents results of chemical analyses of marble samples collected from surface near the drill hole. The report was prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey on behalf of the Albuquerque Operations Office, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. The writers acknowledge the assistance of Mr. John Foster, drilling foreman for Minerals Engineering Company and Mr. Walter A. Johnson, field engineer for Holmes and Narver, Inc., the engineering-contracting firm.
","largerWorkTitle":"U.S. Geological Survey","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/tem1036","usgsCitation":"McKeown, F.A., and Wilmarth, V.R., 1959, Geology of the Marble exploration hole 4, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Memorandum 1036, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tem1036.","productDescription":"26 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192462,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tem1036.jpg"},{"id":310949,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tem/1036/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-115.9082,39.1615],[-115.5191,38.9578],[-115.4725,38.9325],[-115.4433,38.9162],[-115.3694,38.8769],[-115.363,38.874],[-115.242,38.8093],[-115.0969,38.7309],[-115.0777,38.721],[-115.0604,38.7107],[-115.0291,38.6937],[-114.999,38.6777],[-114.9996,38.592],[-114.9997,38.4315],[-114.9994,38.3894],[-115.0004,38.0507],[-115.1185,38.0508],[-115.1436,38.0508],[-115.326,38.0515],[-115.3453,38.0514],[-115.4003,38.051],[-115.4587,38.0506],[-115.6394,38.0512],[-115.6581,38.051],[-115.8404,38.0504],[-115.8931,38.0507],[-115.8938,37.723],[-115.8969,37.5498],[-115.8975,37.2796],[-115.8982,37.1926],[-115.8942,36.8425],[-115.8941,36.686],[-115.8945,36.6702],[-115.8949,36.598],[-115.8949,36.5962],[-115.8946,36.5858],[-115.8947,36.5005],[-115.8945,36.4806],[-115.8949,36.462],[-115.8944,36.457],[-115.8948,36.3087],[-115.8945,36.2923],[-115.8943,36.1957],[-115.8945,36.1608],[-115.8948,36.1163],[-115.8948,36.0927],[-115.895,36.0015],[-115.9178,36.0192],[-115.9518,36.0457],[-115.9925,36.0773],[-116.049,36.1211],[-116.0624,36.1314],[-116.1039,36.1636],[-116.1287,36.1829],[-116.1702,36.2152],[-116.173,36.2174],[-116.2311,36.2626],[-116.2834,36.3028],[-116.2954,36.3122],[-116.3752,36.373],[-116.5107,36.4764],[-116.5247,36.4871],[-116.5589,36.5131],[-116.574,36.5245],[-116.5946,36.54],[-116.6556,36.5867],[-116.6583,36.5888],[-116.6764,36.6024],[-116.706,36.6248],[-116.7895,36.6877],[-116.8424,36.7276],[-116.8453,36.7298],[-116.8806,36.7568],[-116.8912,36.7648],[-116.9237,36.7891],[-116.9641,36.8193],[-116.9783,36.8299],[-116.981,36.8319],[-117.0046,36.8495],[-117.164,36.9688],[-117.1639,36.9698],[-117.1637,37.0182],[-117.164,37.0894],[-117.1642,37.171],[-117.1641,37.1909],[-117.1641,37.1936],[-117.1665,37.6995],[-117.1664,37.714],[-117.1663,37.7285],[-117.1663,37.7435],[-117.1662,37.7585],[-117.1657,38.0019],[-117.2198,38.0482],[-117.2397,38.0483],[-117.239,38.0641],[-117.2408,38.0705],[-117.2653,38.0932],[-117.6896,38.4731],[-118.0197,38.7599],[-118.197,38.9154],[-118.1972,38.9993],[-117.8559,39.0746],[-117.7748,39.092],[-117.7008,39.1058],[-117.6409,39.1149],[-117.5946,39.1231],[-117.4742,39.1431],[-117.3823,39.1562],[-117.3609,39.1585],[-117.3318,39.1629],[-117.3063,39.1634],[-117.2849,39.1633],[-117.1995,39.1632],[-117.0856,39.1628],[-117.0322,39.1626],[-117.0144,39.1626],[-116.9871,39.1625],[-116.9158,39.1631],[-116.7562,39.1622],[-116.7301,39.1625],[-116.5996,39.1616],[-116.5859,39.162],[-116.4815,39.1616],[-116.3497,39.1618],[-116.2358,39.1616],[-116.0548,39.1624],[-115.9082,39.1615]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Nye\",\"state\":\"NV\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ea22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKeown, Francis Alexander","contributorId":11699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKeown","given":"Francis","email":"","middleInitial":"Alexander","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilmarth, Verl Richard","contributorId":72362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilmarth","given":"Verl","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":76910,"text":"tem1031 - 1959 - Lithologic log and drilling information for the Marble exploration hole 3, U15 area, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-19T15:31:13","indexId":"tem1031","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":338,"text":"Trace Elements Memorandum","code":"TEM","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1031","title":"Lithologic log and drilling information for the Marble exploration hole 3, U15 area, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"The Marble exploration hole 3 is in the northern part of the Tippipah Spring NE 7-1/2 minute quadrangle at the north end of Yucca Valley (fig.1). The collar elevation of the hole is about 5,316 feet and has the approximate Nevada State coordinates of N. 903,093 and E. 674,870. The hole was drilled to determine the physical and chemical properties of the marble within a radius of 200 feet of a point 950 feet below the surface.
\nThe exploration hole is 978 feet deep and was drilled from June 12 to July 8, 1959, by Minerals Engineering Co. of Grand Junction, Colorado, using conventional NX coring equiipment and a Portadrill 2,500 drill rig. Water-base bentonitic mud was used as the drilling fluid in the upper part of the hole. Clear water was used after circulation became unrestorable below 200 feet. The hole was cased from surface to 20 feet. The drilling rate during coring ranged from 2.0 to 19.3 minutes per foot and averaged 4.6 minutes per foot (table 1). The core recovered was excellent in quality and quantity. The average core recovery is 92.7 percent (table 2).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tem1031","usgsCitation":"Houser, F.N., and Poole, F.G., 1959, Lithologic log and drilling information for the Marble exploration hole 3, U15 area, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Memorandum 1031, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tem1031.","productDescription":"22 p.","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":194550,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/TEM1031.jpg"},{"id":310083,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tem/1031/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.90 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","otherGeospatial":"Rainier Mesa","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-115.9082,39.1615],[-115.5191,38.9578],[-115.4725,38.9325],[-115.4433,38.9162],[-115.3694,38.8769],[-115.363,38.874],[-115.242,38.8093],[-115.0969,38.7309],[-115.0777,38.721],[-115.0604,38.7107],[-115.0291,38.6937],[-114.999,38.6777],[-114.9996,38.592],[-114.9997,38.4315],[-114.9994,38.3894],[-115.0004,38.0507],[-115.1185,38.0508],[-115.1436,38.0508],[-115.326,38.0515],[-115.3453,38.0514],[-115.4003,38.051],[-115.4587,38.0506],[-115.6394,38.0512],[-115.6581,38.051],[-115.8404,38.0504],[-115.8931,38.0507],[-115.8938,37.723],[-115.8969,37.5498],[-115.8975,37.2796],[-115.8982,37.1926],[-115.8942,36.8425],[-115.8941,36.686],[-115.8945,36.6702],[-115.8949,36.598],[-115.8949,36.5962],[-115.8946,36.5858],[-115.8947,36.5005],[-115.8945,36.4806],[-115.8949,36.462],[-115.8944,36.457],[-115.8948,36.3087],[-115.8945,36.2923],[-115.8943,36.1957],[-115.8945,36.1608],[-115.8948,36.1163],[-115.8948,36.0927],[-115.895,36.0015],[-115.9178,36.0192],[-115.9518,36.0457],[-115.9925,36.0773],[-116.049,36.1211],[-116.0624,36.1314],[-116.1039,36.1636],[-116.1287,36.1829],[-116.1702,36.2152],[-116.173,36.2174],[-116.2311,36.2626],[-116.2834,36.3028],[-116.2954,36.3122],[-116.3752,36.373],[-116.5107,36.4764],[-116.5247,36.4871],[-116.5589,36.5131],[-116.574,36.5245],[-116.5946,36.54],[-116.6556,36.5867],[-116.6583,36.5888],[-116.6764,36.6024],[-116.706,36.6248],[-116.7895,36.6877],[-116.8424,36.7276],[-116.8453,36.7298],[-116.8806,36.7568],[-116.8912,36.7648],[-116.9237,36.7891],[-116.9641,36.8193],[-116.9783,36.8299],[-116.981,36.8319],[-117.0046,36.8495],[-117.164,36.9688],[-117.1639,36.9698],[-117.1637,37.0182],[-117.164,37.0894],[-117.1642,37.171],[-117.1641,37.1909],[-117.1641,37.1936],[-117.1665,37.6995],[-117.1664,37.714],[-117.1663,37.7285],[-117.1663,37.7435],[-117.1662,37.7585],[-117.1657,38.0019],[-117.2198,38.0482],[-117.2397,38.0483],[-117.239,38.0641],[-117.2408,38.0705],[-117.2653,38.0932],[-117.6896,38.4731],[-118.0197,38.7599],[-118.197,38.9154],[-118.1972,38.9993],[-117.8559,39.0746],[-117.7748,39.092],[-117.7008,39.1058],[-117.6409,39.1149],[-117.5946,39.1231],[-117.4742,39.1431],[-117.3823,39.1562],[-117.3609,39.1585],[-117.3318,39.1629],[-117.3063,39.1634],[-117.2849,39.1633],[-117.1995,39.1632],[-117.0856,39.1628],[-117.0322,39.1626],[-117.0144,39.1626],[-116.9871,39.1625],[-116.9158,39.1631],[-116.7562,39.1622],[-116.7301,39.1625],[-116.5996,39.1616],[-116.5859,39.162],[-116.4815,39.1616],[-116.3497,39.1618],[-116.2358,39.1616],[-116.0548,39.1624],[-115.9082,39.1615]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Nye\",\"state\":\"NV\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605a7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houser, Frederick Northrup","contributorId":29523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houser","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"Northrup","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poole, Forrest Graham","contributorId":80332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poole","given":"Forrest","email":"","middleInitial":"Graham","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}