{"pageNumber":"684","pageRowStart":"17075","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40797,"records":[{"id":70042053,"text":"fs20123125 - 2012 - A spatial analysis of cultural ecosystem service valuation by regional stakeholders in Florida: a coastal application of the social values for ecosystem services (SolVES) tool","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-21T10:44:07","indexId":"fs20123125","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3125","title":"A spatial analysis of cultural ecosystem service valuation by regional stakeholders in Florida: a coastal application of the social values for ecosystem services (SolVES) tool","docAbstract":"Livelihoods and lifestyles of people throughout the world depend on essential goods and services provided by marine and coastal ecosystems. However, as societal demand increases and available ocean and coastal space diminish, better methods are needed to spatially and temporally allocate ocean and coastal activities such as shipping, energy production, tourism, and fishing. While economic valuation is an important mechanism for doing so, cultural ecosystem services often do not lend themselves to this method. Researchers from the U.S. Geological Survey are working collaboratively with the Florida Sea Grant College Program to map nonmonetary values of cultural ecosystem services for a pilot area (Sarasota Bay) in the Gulf of Mexico. The research seeks to close knowledge gaps about the attitudes and perceptions, or nonmonetary values, held by coastal residents toward cultural ecosystem services, and to adapt related, terrestrial-based research methods to a coastal setting. A critical goal is to integrate research results with coastal and marine spatial planning applications, thus making them relevant to coastal planners and managers in their daily efforts to sustainably manage coastal resources. Using information about the attitudes and preferences of people toward places and uses in the landscape, collected from value and preference surveys, the USGS SolVES 2.0 tool will provide quantitative models to relate social values, or perceived nonmonetary values, assigned to locations by survey respondents with the underlying environmental characteristics of those same locations. Project results will increase scientific and geographic knowledge of how Sarasota Bay residents value their area’s cultural ecosystem services.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123125","usgsCitation":"Coffin, A.W., Swett, R.A., and Cole, Z.D., 2012, A spatial analysis of cultural ecosystem service valuation by regional stakeholders in Florida: a coastal application of the social values for ecosystem services (SolVES) tool: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3125, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123125.","productDescription":"4 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264711,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3125.gif"},{"id":264709,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3125/"},{"id":264710,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3125/FS12-3125.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Anna Maria;Bradenton Beach;Longboat Key;Sarasota","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico;Sarasota Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.88,27.2 ], [ -82.88,27.68 ], [ -82.42,27.68 ], [ -82.42,27.2 ], [ -82.88,27.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d4964de4b0c6073c901f3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coffin, Alisa W. coffina@usgs.gov","contributorId":17305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coffin","given":"Alisa","email":"coffina@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swett, Robert A.","contributorId":103942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swett","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cole, Zachary D.","contributorId":46379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042049,"text":"sir20105090G - 2012 - Porphyry copper assessment of the Mesozoic of East Asia: China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia, and Russia: Chapter G in <i>Global mineral resource assessment</i>","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70042049,"text":"sir20105090G - 2012 - Porphyry copper assessment of the Mesozoic of East Asia: China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia, and Russia: Chapter G in <i>Global mineral resource assessment</i>","indexId":"sir20105090G","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"chapter":"G","title":"Porphyry copper assessment of the Mesozoic of East Asia: China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia, and Russia: Chapter G in <i>Global mineral resource assessment</i>"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70040436,"text":"sir20105090 - 2010 - Global mineral resource assessment","indexId":"sir20105090","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Global mineral resource assessment"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70040436,"text":"sir20105090 - 2010 - Global mineral resource assessment","indexId":"sir20105090","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Global mineral resource assessment"},"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-30T14:20:50","indexId":"sir20105090G","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5090","chapter":"G","title":"Porphyry copper assessment of the Mesozoic of East Asia: China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia, and Russia: Chapter G in <i>Global mineral resource assessment</i>","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collaborated with the China Geological Survey (CGS) to conduct a mineral resource assessment of Mesozoic porphyry copper deposits in East Asia. This area hosts several very large porphyry deposits, exemplified by the Dexing deposit in eastern China that contains more than 8,000,000 metric tons of copper. In addition, large parts of the area are undergoing active exploration and are likely to contain undiscovered porphyry copper deposits.</p>\n<p>Three tracts were delineated to be permissive for Mesozoic porphyry copper deposits in East Asia: the Manchuride, Coastal Pacific, and East Qinling tracts, all Jurassic through Cretaceous in age. The tracts are based on mapped and inferred subsurface distributions of igneous rocks that define areas where the occurrence of porphyry copper deposits is possible. These tracts range in area from about 170,000 to about 1,400,000 km<sup>2</sup>. Although maps at a variety of scales were used in the assessment, the final tract boundaries are intended for use at a scale of 1:1,000,000.</p>\n<p>These Mesozoic deposits in East Asia all formed in post-subduction environments, environments newly recognized as permissive for the occurrence of porphyry copper deposits. Based on the grade, tonnage, and geologic characteristics of the known deposits, two tracts, Manchuride and Coastal Pacific, were evaluated using the general (Cu-Mo-Au) porphyry copper grade and tonnage model. The East Qinling tract was evaluated using the molybdenum-rich (Cu-Mo) model. Assessment participants estimated numbers of undiscovered deposits at different levels of confidence for each permissive tract. These estimates were then combined with the selected grade and tonnage models using Monte Carlo simulation to generate quantitative probabilistic estimates of undiscovered resources. Resources in future extensions of deposits with identified resources were not specifically evaluated.</p>\n<p>Assessment results, presented in tables and graphs, show mean amounts of metal and rock in undiscovered deposits at different quantile levels, as well as the arithmetic mean for each tract. This assessment estimated a mean total of about 44 undiscovered porphyry copper deposits within the assessed permissive tracts in East Asia. This represents nearly 4 times the 12 known deposits. Predicted mean (arithmetic) resources that could be associated with these undiscovered deposits are about 198,000,000 metric tons (t) of copper and about 3,900 t of gold, as well as byproduct molybdenum and silver. The reported identified resources for those 12 known deposits total about 23,000,000 t of copper and about 850 t of gold. The assessment area is estimated to contain nearly nine times as much copper in undiscovered porphyry copper deposits as has been identified to date.</p>\n<p>This report includes an overview of the assessment results and summary tables. Descriptions of each tract are included in appendixes, with estimates of numbers of undiscovered deposits, and probabilistic estimates of amounts of copper, molybdenum, gold, and silver that could be contained in undiscovered deposits for each permissive tract. A geographic information system that accompanies the report includes tract boundaries and a database of known porphyry copper deposits and prospects.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105090G","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Russian Academy of Sciences, China Geological Survey, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, the Coordinating Committee for Geoscience Programs in East and Southeast Asia, and XDM Geological Consultants, Inc.","usgsCitation":"Ludington, S., Mihalasky, M.J., Hammarstrom, J.M., Robinson, G.R., Frost, T.P., Gans, K.D., Light, T., Miller, R.J., and Alexeiev, D.V., 2012, Porphyry copper assessment of the Mesozoic of East Asia: China, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia, and Russia: Chapter G in <i>Global mineral resource assessment</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5090, Report: vii, 53 p.; Appendix D; Appendix E metadata folder; Appendix E GIS data, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105090G.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 53 p.; Appendix D; Appendix E metadata folder; Appendix E GIS data","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264693,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5090_g.gif"},{"id":264690,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5090/g/sir2010-5090g_text.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":264691,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5090/g/EASIA_metadata","text":"Appendix E metadata","size":"31 kB","description":"Appendix E metadata"},{"id":264692,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5090/g/GIS_SIR5090G_appendix_E.zip","text":"Appendix E GIS data","size":"19 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Jr. 0000-0002-9676-9564 grobinso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9676-9564","contributorId":172765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Gilpin","suffix":"Jr.","email":"grobinso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Frost, Thomas P. 0000-0001-8348-8432 tfrost@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8348-8432","contributorId":203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frost","given":"Thomas","email":"tfrost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gans, Kathleen D. 0000-0002-7545-9655 kgans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7545-9655","contributorId":5403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gans","given":"Kathleen","email":"kgans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":470684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Light, Thomas D.","contributorId":46098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Light","given":"Thomas D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Miller, Robert J. rjmiller@usgs.gov","contributorId":2516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Robert","email":"rjmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Alexeiev, Dmitriy V.","contributorId":89425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexeiev","given":"Dmitriy","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70042046,"text":"sir20125259 - 2012 - Multilevel groundwater monitoring of hydraulic head and temperature in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-21T10:16:44","indexId":"sir20125259","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5259","title":"Multilevel groundwater monitoring of hydraulic head and temperature in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–10","docAbstract":"During 2009 and 2010, the U.S. Geological Survey’s Idaho National Laboratory Project Office, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, collected quarterly, depth-discrete measurements of fluid pressure and temperature in nine boreholes located in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer. Each borehole was instrumented with a multilevel monitoring system consisting of a series of valved measurement ports, packer bladders, casing segments, and couplers. Multilevel monitoring at the Idaho National Laboratory has been ongoing since 2006. This report summarizes data collected from three multilevel monitoring wells installed during 2009 and 2010 and presents updates to six multilevel monitoring wells. Hydraulic heads (heads) and groundwater temperatures were monitored from 9 multilevel monitoring wells, including 120 hydraulically isolated depth intervals from 448.0 to 1,377.6 feet below land surface.\n\nQuarterly head and temperature profiles reveal unique patterns for vertical examination of the aquifer’s complex basalt and sediment stratigraphy, proximity to aquifer recharge and discharge, and groundwater flow. These features contribute to some of the localized variability even though the general profile shape remained consistent over the period of record. Major inflections in the head profiles almost always coincided with low-permeability sediment layers and occasionally thick sequences of dense basalt. However, the presence of a sediment layer or dense basalt layer was insufficient for identifying the location of a major head change within a borehole without knowing the true areal extent and relative transmissivity of the lithologic unit. Temperature profiles for boreholes completed within the Big Lost Trough indicate linear conductive trends; whereas, temperature profiles for boreholes completed within the axial volcanic high indicate mostly convective heat transfer resulting from the vertical movement of groundwater. Additionally, temperature profiles provide evidence for stratification and mixing of water types along the southern boundary of the Idaho National Laboratory.\n\nVertical head and temperature change were quantified for each of the nine multilevel monitoring systems. The vertical head gradients were defined for the major inflections in the head profiles and were as high as 2.1 feet per foot. Low vertical head gradients indicated potential vertical connectivity and flow, and large gradient inflections indicated zones of relatively low vertical connectivity. Generally, zones that primarily are composed of fractured basalt displayed relatively small vertical head differences. Large head differences were attributed to poor vertical connectivity between fracture units because of sediment layering and/or dense basalt. Groundwater temperatures in all boreholes ranged from 10.2 to 16.3˚C.\n\nNormalized mean hydraulic head values were analyzed for all nine multilevel monitoring wells for the period of record (2007-10). The mean head values suggest a moderately positive correlation among all boreholes, which reflects regional fluctuations in water levels in response to seasonality. However, the temporal trend is slightly different when the location is considered; wells located along the southern boundary, within the axial volcanic high, show a strongly positive correlation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125259","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Twining, B.V., and Fisher, J.C., 2012, Multilevel groundwater monitoring of hydraulic head and temperature in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009–10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5259, Report: vii, 44 p.; Appendicies A-G, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125259.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 44 p.; Appendicies A-G","numberOfPages":"56","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-034180","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264704,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5259.jpg"},{"id":264695,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/"},{"id":264696,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/pdf/sir20125259_AppA.pdf"},{"id":264697,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/pdf/sir20125259.pdf"},{"id":264698,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/pdf/sir20125259_AppC.pdf"},{"id":264699,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/pdf/sir20125259_AppB.pdf"},{"id":264700,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/pdf/sir20125259_AppD.pdf"},{"id":264701,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/pdf/sir20125259_AppE.pdf"},{"id":264702,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/pdf/sir20125259_AppF.pdf"},{"id":264703,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5259/pdf/sir20125259_AppG.pdf"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.75,43.25 ], [ -113.75,49.75 ], [ -112.25,49.75 ], [ -112.25,43.25 ], [ -113.75,43.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d49663e4b0c6073c901f4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twining, Brian V. 0000-0003-1321-4721 btwining@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1321-4721","contributorId":2387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twining","given":"Brian","email":"btwining@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, Jason C. 0000-0001-9032-8912 jfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9032-8912","contributorId":2523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Jason","email":"jfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70201641,"text":"70201641 - 2012 - Distribution of regional pressure in the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T10:49:12","indexId":"70201641","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T15:55:36","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Distribution of regional pressure in the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has created a comprehensive geopressure-gradient model of the regional pressure system spanning the onshore and offshore portions of the Gulf of Mexico, USA. The model was used to generate ten maps: five contour maps (Maps 1A - 5A) characterize the depth to the surface defined by the first occurrence of isopressure-gradients ranging from 0.60 psi/ft to 1.00 psi/ft, in 0.10-psi/ft increments, and five supporting maps (Maps 1B - 5B) display the spatial density of the data used to construct the isopressure-gradient maps. The boundary of the geopressure-gradient model represents the maximum extent of the calculated pressure-gradient data. The regional investigation, however, encompassed an area defined by the USGS Upper Jurassic-Cretaceous-Tertiary Composite Total Petroleum System Boundary, and the availability of offshore data. A description of the geopressure-gradient model, including related mathematical derivations, the data-quality control methodology, linear pressure interpolation calculations, and contouring algorithms is provided by Burke et al. (in press [a]; in press [b]); these references, as well as a summary of the geopressure-gradient model, are supplied in the&nbsp;</span><a class=\"internal-link\" title=\"\" href=\"http://www.datapages.com/gis-map-publishing-program/gis-open-files/geographic/files/distributionregionalpressureburke.pdf\" target=\"_self\" data-mce-href=\"http://www.datapages.com/gis-map-publishing-program/gis-open-files/geographic/files/distributionregionalpressureburke.pdf\">online documentation</a><span>. &nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists ","usgsCitation":"Burke, L.A., Kinney, S.A., Dubiel, R.F., and Pitman, J.K., 2012, Distribution of regional pressure in the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin, USA, Zip File.","productDescription":"Zip File","ipdsId":"IP-037050","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360649,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":360555,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.datapages.com/gis-map-publishing-program/gis-open-files/geographic/distribution-of-regional-pressure-in-the-onshore-and-offshore-gulf-of-mexico-basin-usa"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.6904296875,\n              26.07652055985697\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.16552734375,\n              26.07652055985697\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.16552734375,\n              30.600093873550072\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.6904296875,\n              30.600093873550072\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.6904296875,\n              26.07652055985697\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c1cb860e4b0708288c83838","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burke, Lauri A. 0000-0002-2035-8048 lburke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2035-8048","contributorId":3859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burke","given":"Lauri","email":"lburke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kinney, Scott A. 0000-0001-5008-5813 skinney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5008-5813","contributorId":1395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinney","given":"Scott","email":"skinney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dubiel, Russell F. 0000-0002-1280-0350 rdubiel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1280-0350","contributorId":1294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubiel","given":"Russell","email":"rdubiel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pitman, Janet K. 0000-0002-0441-779X jpitman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0441-779X","contributorId":767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitman","given":"Janet","email":"jpitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70201692,"text":"70201692 - 2012 - Regional map of the 0.70 psi/ft pressure gradient and development of the regional geopressure-gradient model for the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T13:33:45","indexId":"70201692","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T10:53:32","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1717,"text":"GCAGS Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional map of the 0.70 psi/ft pressure gradient and development of the regional geopressure-gradient model for the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin, USA","docAbstract":"<p>Characterization of the regional pressure system in the Gulf of Mexico basin is critical for assessing the occurrence of undiscovered petroleum resources, evaluating areas with potential pressure-related production, identifying potential pressure-related geohazard issues, evaluating hydrocarbon reservoir-seal integrity, and determining the feasibility of geological sequestration and long-term containment of fluids.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Studies","usgsCitation":"Burke, L.A., Kinney, S.A., Dubiel, R.F., and Pitman, J.K., 2012, Regional map of the 0.70 psi/ft pressure gradient and development of the regional geopressure-gradient model for the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin, USA: GCAGS Journal, v. 1, p. 97-106.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"106","ipdsId":"IP-036210","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360680,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":360675,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/gcags-journal/data/001/001001/pdfs/97.pdf"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.55957031249999,\n              28.091366281406945\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.4072265625,\n              28.091366281406945\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.4072265625,\n              31.615965936476076\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.55957031249999,\n              31.615965936476076\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.55957031249999,\n              28.091366281406945\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c1e0a34e4b0708288cb022d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burke, Lauri A. 0000-0002-2035-8048 lburke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2035-8048","contributorId":3859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burke","given":"Lauri","email":"lburke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kinney, Scott A. 0000-0001-5008-5813 skinney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5008-5813","contributorId":1395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinney","given":"Scott","email":"skinney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dubiel, Russell F. 0000-0002-1280-0350 rdubiel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1280-0350","contributorId":1294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubiel","given":"Russell","email":"rdubiel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pitman, Janet K. 0000-0002-0441-779X jpitman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0441-779X","contributorId":767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitman","given":"Janet","email":"jpitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041974,"text":"sir20125159 - 2012 - Geologic models and evaluation of undiscovered conventional and continuous oil and gas resources: Upper Cretaceous Austin Chalk","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-20T10:39:56","indexId":"sir20125159","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5159","title":"Geologic models and evaluation of undiscovered conventional and continuous oil and gas resources: Upper Cretaceous Austin Chalk","docAbstract":"The Upper Cretaceous Austin Chalk forms a low-permeability, onshore Gulf of Mexico reservoir that produces oil and gas from major fractures oriented parallel to the underlying Lower Cretaceous shelf edge. Horizontal drilling links these fracture systems to create an interconnected network that drains the reservoir. Field and well locations along the production trend are controlled by fracture networks. Highly fractured chalk is present along both regional and local fault zones. Fractures are also genetically linked to movement of the underlying Jurassic Louann Salt with tensile fractures forming downdip of salt-related structures creating the most effective reservoirs. Undiscovered accumulations should also be associated with structure-controlled fracture systems because much of the Austin that overlies the Lower Cretaceous shelf edge remains unexplored. The Upper Cretaceous Eagle Ford Shale is the primary source rock for Austin Chalk hydrocarbons. This transgressive marine shale varies in thickness and lithology across the study area and contains both oil- and gas-prone kerogen. The Eagle Ford began generating oil and gas in the early Miocene, and vertical migration through fractures was sufficient to charge the Austin reservoirs.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125159","usgsCitation":"Pearson, K., 2012, Geologic models and evaluation of undiscovered conventional and continuous oil and gas resources: Upper Cretaceous Austin Chalk: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5159, iv, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125159.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p.","numberOfPages":"33","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264667,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264665,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5159/"},{"id":264666,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5159/SIR12-5159.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama;Arkansas;Florida;Georgia;Illinois;Kentucky;Louisiana;Mississippi;Missouri;Oklahoma;Tennessee;Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -102.0,24.0 ], [ -102.0,36.5 ], [ -78.0,36.5 ], [ -78.0,24.0 ], [ -102.0,24.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391c8e4b062c7914ebd92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearson, Krystal","contributorId":91609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearson","given":"Krystal","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70041973,"text":"tm7C7 - 2012 - Approaches in highly parameterized inversion: TSPROC, a general time-series processor to assist in model calibration and result summarization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-20T09:12:25","indexId":"tm7C7","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"7-C7","title":"Approaches in highly parameterized inversion: TSPROC, a general time-series processor to assist in model calibration and result summarization","docAbstract":"The TSPROC (<u>T</u>ime <u>S</u>eries <u>PROC</u>essor) computer software uses a simple scripting language to process and analyze time series. It was developed primarily to assist in the calibration of environmental models. The software is designed to perform calculations on time-series data commonly associated with surface-water models, including calculation of flow volumes, transformation by means of basic arithmetic operations, and generation of seasonal and annual statistics and hydrologic indices. TSPROC can also be used to generate some of the key input files required to perform parameter optimization by means of the PEST (<u>P</u>arameter <u>EST</u>imation) computer software. Through the use of TSPROC, the objective function for use in the model-calibration process can be focused on specific components of a hydrograph.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm7C7","collaboration":"Great Lakes Restoration Initiative","usgsCitation":"Westenbroek, S.M., Doherty, J., Walker, J.F., Kelson, V.A., Hunt, R.J., and Cera, T.B., 2012, Approaches in highly parameterized inversion: TSPROC, a general time-series processor to assist in model calibration and result summarization: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 7-C7, Report: viii, 101 p.; Download Software, https://doi.org/10.3133/tm7C7.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 101 p.; Download Software","numberOfPages":"112","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264662,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm_7_c7.gif"},{"id":264659,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm7c7/"},{"id":264661,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://wi.water.usgs.gov/models/tsproc/index.html"},{"id":264660,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm7c7/pdf/TM7_C7_112712.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391b7e4b062c7914ebd82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Westenbroek, Stephen M. 0000-0002-6284-8643 smwesten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6284-8643","contributorId":2210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westenbroek","given":"Stephen","email":"smwesten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doherty, John","contributorId":43843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doherty","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walker, John F. jfwalker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"John","email":"jfwalker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelson, Victor A.","contributorId":41713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelson","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cera, Timothy B.","contributorId":79771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cera","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70042024,"text":"sir20125237 - 2012 - Numerical model simulations of nitrate concentrations in groundwater using various nitrogen input scenarios, mid-Snake region, south-central Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-20T14:00:23","indexId":"sir20125237","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5237","title":"Numerical model simulations of nitrate concentrations in groundwater using various nitrogen input scenarios, mid-Snake region, south-central Idaho","docAbstract":"As part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program nitrate transport in groundwater was modeled in the mid-Snake River region in south-central Idaho to project future concentrations of nitrate. Model simulation results indicated that nitrate concentrations would continue to increase over time, eventually exceeding the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level for drinking water of 10 milligrams per liter in some areas. A subregional groundwater model simulated the change of nitrate concentrations in groundwater over time in response to three nitrogen input scenarios: (1) nitrogen input fixed at 2008 levels; (2) nitrogen input increased from 2008 to 2028 using the same rate of increase as the average rate of increase during the previous 10 years (1998 through 2008); after 2028, nitrogen input is fixed at 2028 levels; and (3) nitrogen input related to agriculture completely halted, with only nitrogen input from precipitation remaining. Scenarios 1 and 2 project that nitrate concentrations in groundwater continue to increase from 10 to 50 years beyond the year nitrogen input is fixed, depending on the location in the model area. Projected nitrate concentrations in groundwater increase by as much as 2–4 milligrams per liter in many areas, with nitrate concentrations in some areas reaching 10 milligrams per liter. Scenario 3, although unrealistic, estimates how long (20–50 years) it would take nitrate in groundwater to return to background concentrations—the “flushing time” of the system. The amount of nitrate concentration increase cannot be explained solely by differences in nitrogen input; in fact, some areas with the highest amount of nitrogen input have the lowest increase in nitrate concentration. The geometry of the aquifer and the pattern of regional groundwater flow through the aquifer greatly influence nitrate concentrations. The aquifer thins toward discharge areas along the Snake River which forces upward convergence of good-quality regional groundwater that mixes with the nitrate-laden groundwater in the uppermost parts of the aquifer, which results in lowered nitrate concentrations. A new method of inputting nitrogen to the subregional groundwater model was used that prorates nitrogen input by the probability of detecting nitrate concentrations greater than 2 mg/L. The probability map is based on correlations with physical factors, and prorates an existing nitrogen input dataset providing an estimate of nitrogen flux to the water table that accounts for new factors such as soil properties. The effectiveness of this updated nitrogen input method was evaluated using the software UCODE_2005.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125237","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Skinner, K.D., and Rupert, M.G., 2012, Numerical model simulations of nitrate concentrations in groundwater using various nitrogen input scenarios, mid-Snake region, south-central Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5237, viii, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125237.","productDescription":"viii, 30 p.","numberOfPages":"42","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264676,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5237.jpg"},{"id":264674,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5237/"},{"id":264675,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5237/pdf/sir20125237.pdf"}],"datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Mid-snake Region","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.50,42.25 ], [ -115.50,43.50 ], [ -112.50,43.50 ], [ -112.50,42.25 ], [ -115.50,42.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391d1e4b062c7914ebd99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skinner, Kenneth D. 0000-0003-1774-6565 kskinner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1774-6565","contributorId":1836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"Kenneth","email":"kskinner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rupert, Michael G. mgrupert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupert","given":"Michael","email":"mgrupert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70041934,"text":"sir20125122 - 2012 - Simulation of groundwater flow and hydrologic effects of groundwater withdrawals from the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system in the Pinelands of southern New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-19T13:01:59","indexId":"sir20125122","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5122","title":"Simulation of groundwater flow and hydrologic effects of groundwater withdrawals from the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system in the Pinelands of southern New Jersey","docAbstract":"The Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system is an important source of present and future water supply in southern New Jersey. Because this unconfined aquifer system also supports sensitive wetland and aquatic habitats within the New Jersey Pinelands (Pinelands), water managers and policy makers need up-to-date information, data, and projections that show the effects of potential increases in groundwater withdrawals on these habitats. Finite-difference groundwater flow models (MODFLOW) were constructed for three drainage basins (McDonalds Branch Basin, 14.3 square kilometers (km<sup>2</sup>); Morses Mill Stream Basin, 21.63 km<sup>2</sup>; and Albertson Brook Basin, 52.27 km<sup>2</sup>) to estimate the effects of potential increases in groundwater withdrawals on water levels and the base-flow portion of streamflow, in wetland and aquatic habitats. Three models were constructed for each drainage basin: a transient model consisting of twenty-four 1-month stress periods (October 2004 through September 2006); a transient model to simulate the 5- to 10-day aquifer tests that were performed as part of the study; and a high-resolution, steady-state model used to assess long-term effects of increased groundwater withdrawals on water levels in wetlands and on base flow. All models were constructed with the same eight-layer structure. The smallest horizontal cell dimensions among the three model areas were 150 meters (m) for the 24-month transient models, 10 m for the steady-state models, and 3 m for the transient aquifer-test models. Boundary flows of particular interest to this study and represented separately are those for wetlands, streams, and evapotranspiration. The final variables calibrated from both transient models were then used in steady-state models to assess the long-term effects of increased groundwater withdrawals on water levels in wetlands and on base flow. Results of aquifer tests conducted in the three study areas illustrate the effects of withdrawals on water levels in wetlands and on base flow. Pumping stresses at aquifer-test sites resulted in measurable drawdown in each observation well installed for the tests. The magnitude of drawdown in shallow wetland observation wells at the end of pumping ranged from 5.5 to 16.7 centimeters (cm). The stresses induced by the respective tests reduced the flow of the smallest stream (McDonalds Branch) by 75 percent and slightly reduced flow in a side channel of Morses Mill Stream, but did not measurably affect the flow of Morses Mill Stream or Albertson Brook. Results of aquifer-test simulations were used to refine the estimates of hydraulic properties used in the models and to confirm the ability of the model to replicate observed hydrologic responses to pumping. Steady-state sensitivity simulation results for a variety of single well locations and depths were used to define overall “best-case” (smallest effect on wetland water levels and base flow) and “worst-case” (greatest effect on wetland water levels and base flow) groundwater withdrawal configurations. “Best-case” configurations are those for which the extent of the wetland areas within a 1-kilometer (km) radius of the withdrawal well is minimized, the well is located at least 100 m and as far from wetland boundaries as possible, and the withdrawal is from a deep well (50–90 m deep). “Worst-case” configurations are those for which the extent of wetlands within a 1-km radius of the withdrawal well is maximized, the well is located 100 m or less from a wetland boundary, and the withdrawal is from a relatively shallow well (30–67 m deep). “Best-” and “worst-case” simulations were applied by locating hypothetical wells across the study areas and assigning groundwater withdrawals so that the sum of the withdrawals for the basin is equal to 5, 10, 15, and 30 percent of overall recharge. The results were compared to the results of simulations of no groundwater withdrawals. Results for withdrawals of 5 percent of recharge show that the area of wetland water-level decline that exceeded 15 cm was as much as 1.5 percent of the total wetland area for the “best-case” simulations and as much as 9.7 percent of the total wetland area for the “worst-case” simulations. For the same withdrawals, base-flow reduction was as much as 5.1 percent for the “best-case” simulations and as much as 8.6 percent for the “worst-case” simulations. Results for withdrawals of 30 percent of recharge show that the area of wetland water-level decline that exceeded 15 cm was as much as 70 percent of the total wetland area for the “best-case” simulations and as much as 84 percent of the total wetland area for the “worst-case” simulations. For the same withdrawals, base-flow reduction was as much as 30 percent for the “best-case” simulations and as much as 51 percent for the “worst-case” simulations. Results for withdrawals of 10 and 15 percent of recharge show decreased water levels and base flow that are intermediate between those simulated for 5 and 30 percent of recharge. Several approaches for applying the results of this study to other parts of the Pinelands were explored. An analytical-modeling technique based on the Thiem equation and image-well theory was developed to estimate local drawdown distributions resulting from withdrawals in other areas within the Pinelands. Results of example applications of this technique were compared with those of the numerical simulations used in this study and were shown to be useful. Differences among the three basins in the simulated percentage of basin wetlands affected by drawdown were found to be related to the proximity of wetlands to streams, the proximity of wetlands to pumped wells, and the vertical conductance of the aquifer system. These factors formed the basis for an index of wetland vulnerability to drawdown. An empirically-derived model based on the Gompertz function and the wetland vulnerability index was developed, tested, and shown to be an effective means to evaluate potential drawdown in wetlands at a basin scale throughout the Pinelands. Base-flow reduction can be estimated from generalized results of the numerical models, estimates of evapotranspiration reduction, or available regional groundwater flow models. These approaches could be used to evaluate alternative water-supply strategies and, in conjunction with ecological-modeling results, to determine maximum basin withdrawal rates within the limits of acceptable ecological change.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125122","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Pinelands Commission","usgsCitation":"Charles, E.G., and Nicholson, R.S., 2012, Simulation of groundwater flow and hydrologic effects of groundwater withdrawals from the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system in the Pinelands of southern New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5122, xviii, 219 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.); Apendices: 1-2, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125122.","productDescription":"xviii, 219 p.; col. ill.; maps (col.); Apendices: 1-2","startPage":"i","endPage":"219","numberOfPages":"242","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264138,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5122.png"},{"id":264136,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5122/"},{"id":264137,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5122/support/sir2012-5122.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.5598,38.9286 ], [ -75.5598,41.3574 ], [ -73.9025,41.3574 ], [ -73.9025,38.9286 ], [ -75.5598,38.9286 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391d5e4b062c7914ebd9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Charles, Emmanuel G. 0000-0002-3338-4958 echarles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3338-4958","contributorId":4280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charles","given":"Emmanuel","email":"echarles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nicholson, Robert S. rnichol@usgs.gov","contributorId":2283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicholson","given":"Robert","email":"rnichol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70041944,"text":"70041944 - 2012 - Comparison of five modelling techniques to predict the spatial distribution and abundance of seabirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-19T16:04:24","indexId":"70041944","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of five modelling techniques to predict the spatial distribution and abundance of seabirds","docAbstract":"Knowledge about the spatial distribution of seabirds at sea is important for conservation.  During marine conservation planning, logistical constraints preclude seabird surveys covering the complete area of interest and spatial distribution of seabirds is frequently inferred from predictive statistical models.  Increasingly complex models are available to relate the distribution and abundance of pelagic seabirds to environmental variables, but a comparison of their usefulness for delineating protected areas for seabirds is lacking.  Here we compare the performance of five modelling techniques (generalised linear models, generalised additive models, Random Forest, boosted regression trees, and maximum entropy) to predict the distribution of Balearic Shearwaters (<i>Puffinus mauretanicus</i>) along the coast of the western Iberian Peninsula.  We used ship transect data from 2004 to 2009 and 13 environmental variables to predict occurrence and density, and evaluated predictive performance of all models using spatially segregated test data.  Predicted distribution varied among the different models, although predictive performance varied little.  An ensemble prediction that combined results from all five techniques was robust and confirmed the existence of marine important bird areas for Balearic Shearwaters in Portugal and Spain.  Our predictions suggested additional areas that would be of high priority for conservation and could be proposed as protected areas.  Abundance data were extremely difficult to predict, and none of five modelling techniques provided a reliable prediction of spatial patterns.  We advocate the use of ensemble modelling that combines the output of several methods to predict the spatial distribution of seabirds, and use these predictions to target separate surveys assessing the abundance of seabirds in areas of regular use.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2011.11.013","usgsCitation":"O’Connell, A.F., Gardner, B., Oppel, S., Meirinho, A., Ramírez, I., Miller, P.I., and Louzao, M., 2012, Comparison of five modelling techniques to predict the spatial distribution and abundance of seabirds: Biological Conservation, v. 156, p. 94-104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.11.013.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"94","endPage":"104","ipdsId":"IP-034010","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10508/8494","text":"External Repository"},{"id":264652,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264651,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.11.013"}],"country":"Portugal;Spain","volume":"156","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391c0e4b062c7914ebd8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Connell, Allan F. 0000-0001-7032-7023 aoconnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-7023","contributorId":471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connell","given":"Allan","email":"aoconnell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gardner, Beth","contributorId":91612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardner","given":"Beth","affiliations":[{"id":13553,"text":"University of Washington-Seattle","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oppel, Steffen","contributorId":44432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oppel","given":"Steffen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meirinho, Ana","contributorId":54480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meirinho","given":"Ana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ramírez, Iván","contributorId":16724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramírez","given":"Iván","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, Peter I.","contributorId":31645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Louzao, Maite","contributorId":30884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Louzao","given":"Maite","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70041948,"text":"70041948 - 2012 - Afterslip, tremor, and the Denali fault earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-19T15:00:22","indexId":"70041948","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Afterslip, tremor, and the Denali fault earthquake","docAbstract":"We tested the hypothesis that afterslip should be accompanied by tremor using observations of seismic and aseismic deformation surrounding the 2002 <b>M</b> 7.9 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake (DFE). Afterslip happens more frequently than spontaneous slow slip and has been observed in a wider range of tectonic environments, and thus the existence or absence of tremor accompanying afterslip may provide new clues about tremor generation. We also searched for precursory tremor, as a proxy for posited accelerating slip leading to rupture. Our search yielded no tremor during the five days prior to the DFE or in several intervals in the three months after. This negative result and an array of other observations all may be explained by rupture penetrating below the presumed locked zone into the frictional transition zone. While not unique, such an explanation corroborates previous models of megathrust and transform earthquake ruptures that extend well into the transition zone.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120110142","usgsCitation":"Gomberg, J., Prejean, S., and Ruppert, N., 2012, Afterslip, tremor, and the Denali fault earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 102, no. 2, p. 892-899, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120110142.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"892","endPage":"899","ipdsId":"IP-027363","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264644,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264643,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120110142"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Denali Fault","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.45,51.21 ], [ 172.45,71.39 ], [ -129.99,71.39 ], [ -129.99,51.21 ], [ 172.45,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"102","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391aee4b062c7914ebd7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gomberg, Joan","contributorId":77919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"Joan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prejean, Stephanie","contributorId":61916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prejean","given":"Stephanie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruppert, Natalia","contributorId":27764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"Natalia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041949,"text":"70041949 - 2012 - Contemporary seismicity in and around the Yakima-Fold-and-Thrust Belt in eastern Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-11T17:51:07.660356","indexId":"70041949","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contemporary seismicity in and around the Yakima-Fold-and-Thrust Belt in eastern Washington","docAbstract":"<p><span>We examined characteristics of routinely cataloged seismicity from 1970 to the present in and around the Yakima fold‐and‐thrust belt (YFTB) in eastern Washington to determine if the characteristics of contemporary seismicity provide clues about regional‐scale active tectonics or about more localized, near‐surface processes. We employed new structural and hydrologic models of the Columbia River basalts (CRB) and found that one‐third to one‐half of the cataloged earthquakes occur within the CRB and that these CRB earthquakes exhibit significantly more clustered, and swarmlike, behavior than those outside. These results and inferences from published studies led us to hypothesize that clustered seismicity is likely associated with hydrologic changes in the CRB, which hosts the regional aquifer system. While some general features of the regional groundwater system support this hypothesis, seismicity patterns and mapped long‐term changes in groundwater levels and present‐day irrigation neither support nor refute it. Regional tectonic processes and crustal‐scale structures likely influence the distribution of earthquakes both outside and within the CRB as well. We based this inference on qualitatively assessed alignments between the dominant northwest trends in the geologic structure and the seismicity generally and between specific faults and characteristics of the 2009 Wooded Island swarm and aseismic slip, which is the only cluster studied in detail and the most vigorous since regional monitoring began.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120110065","usgsCitation":"Gomberg, J., Sherrod, B., Trautman, M., Burns, E., and Snyder, D., 2012, Contemporary seismicity in and around the Yakima-Fold-and-Thrust Belt in eastern Washington: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 102, no. 1, p. 309-320, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120110065.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"309","endPage":"320","ipdsId":"IP-028004","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474197,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2152/43250","text":"External Repository"},{"id":264648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.431884765625,\n              46.0465484463062\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.71276855468749,\n              46.0465484463062\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.71276855468749,\n              47.212105775622426\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.431884765625,\n              47.212105775622426\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.431884765625,\n              46.0465484463062\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"102","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-02-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391c4e4b062c7914ebd8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gomberg, J.","contributorId":95994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherrod, B.","contributorId":98510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trautman, M.","contributorId":44059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trautman","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burns, E. 0000-0002-1747-0506","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1747-0506","contributorId":25434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Snyder, Diane","contributorId":60388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Diane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70041950,"text":"70041950 - 2012 - Summer-time use of west coast U. S. National Marine Sanctuaries by migrating sooty shearwaters (<i>Puffinus griseus</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-19T15:04:59","indexId":"70041950","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summer-time use of west coast U. S. National Marine Sanctuaries by migrating sooty shearwaters (<i>Puffinus griseus</i>)","docAbstract":"Non-breeding sooty shearwaters are the most abundant seabird in the California Current Large Marine\nEcosystem (CCLME) during boreal spring and summer months. This, combined with relatively great\nenergy demands, reliance on patchy, shoaling prey (krill, squid, and forage fishes), and unconstrained\nmobility free from central-place-foraging demands—make shearwaters useful indicators of ecosystem\nvariability. During 2008 and 2009, we used satellite telemetry to evaluate shearwater ranging patterns\nthroughout the CCLME and specifically within the US Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) among birds captured\nat three locations: Columbia River Plume, WA; Monterey Bay, CA; and Santa Barbara Channel,\nCA. Shearwaters ranged throughout the entire CCLME from southeast Alaska to southern Baja California,\nMexico. Within the EEZ during 2008 and 2009, shearwaters spent 68% and 46% of time over the shelf\n(<200 m), 27% and 43% of time over the slope (200–1000 m), and 5% and 11% of time over the continental\nrise and abyssal regions (>1000 m), respectively. In 2008 and 2009, shearwaters spent 22% and 25% of\ntheir time in the EEZ within the five west coast National Marine Sanctuaries, respectively; high utilization\noccurred in non-sanctuary waters of the EEZ. Shearwater utilization distribution (based on the Brownianbridge\nmovement model) among sanctuaries was disproportionate according to sanctuary availability\n(based on area) within the EEZ. Shearwaters utilized the Monterey Bay sanctuary (2008, 2009) and the\nChannel Islands sanctuary (2009) disproportionately more than other sanctuaries. Although all five sanctuaries\nwere used by shearwaters, waters outside sanctuary zones appeared significantly more important\nand likely supported large aggregations of shearwaters. Utilization distributions among individual birds\nfrom three discrete capture locations were variable and revealed greater similarity in space-use sharing\nwithin capture-location groupings and during 2008 when shearwaters were more aggregated than in\n2009. We identified several regional ‘‘habitat hotspot’’ areas, including the Columbia River Plume, Cape\nBlanco, Monterey Bay, Estero/San Luis Obispo Bays, and the eastern Santa Barbara Channel through the\ninner Southern California Bight.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2011.12.032","usgsCitation":"Adams, J., MacLeod, C., Suryan, R., Hyrenbach, K.D., and Harvey, J.T., 2012, Summer-time use of west coast U. S. National Marine Sanctuaries by migrating sooty shearwaters (<i>Puffinus griseus</i>): Biological Conservation, v. 156, p. 105-116, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.12.032.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"116","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-029386","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264646,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.12.032"}],"country":"United States","state":"California;Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River Plume;Monterey Bay;Santa Barbara Channel","volume":"156","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d391dae4b062c7914ebda1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, Josh 0000-0003-3056-925X josh_adams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3056-925X","contributorId":2422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Josh","email":"josh_adams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"MacLeod, Catriona","contributorId":33601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacLeod","given":"Catriona","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Suryan, Robert M.","contributorId":101799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suryan","given":"Robert M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hyrenbach, K. David","contributorId":96173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyrenbach","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harvey, James T.","contributorId":31631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70041897,"text":"70041897 - 2012 - Comparing seasonal dynamics of the Lake Huron zooplankton community between 1983-1984 and 2007 and revisiting the impact of <i>Bythotrephes</i> planktivory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-19T15:42:09","indexId":"70041897","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing seasonal dynamics of the Lake Huron zooplankton community between 1983-1984 and 2007 and revisiting the impact of <i>Bythotrephes</i> planktivory","docAbstract":"Zooplankton community composition can be influenced by lake productivity as well as planktivory by fish or invertebrates. Previous analyses based on long-term Lake Huron zooplankton data from August reported a shift in community composition between the 1980s and 2000s: proportional biomass of calanoid copepods increased while that of cyclopoid copepods and herbivorous cladocerans decreased. Herein, we used seasonally collected data from Lake Huron in 1983–1984 and 2007 and reported similar shifts in proportional biomass. We also used a series of generalized additive models to explore differences in seasonal abundance by species and found that all three cyclopoid copepod species (<i>Diacyclops thomasi, Mesocylops edax, Tropocyclops prasinus mexicanus</i>) exhibited higher abundance in 1983–1984 than in 2007. Surprisingly, only one (<i>Epischura lacustris</i>) of seven calanoid species exhibited higher abundance in 2007. The results for cladocerans were also mixed with <i>Bosmina</i> spp. exhibiting higher abundance in 1983–1984, while <i>Daphnia galeata mendotae</i> reached a higher level of abundance in 2007. We used a subset of the 2007 data to estimate not only the vertical distribution of <i>Bythotrephes longimanus</i> and their prey, but also the consumption by <i>Bythotrephes</i> in the top 20 m of water. This epilimnetic layer was dominated by copepod copepodites and nauplii, and consumption either exceeded (Hammond Bay site) or equaled 65% (Detour site) of epilimnetic zooplankton production. The lack of spatial overlap between <i>Bythotrephes</i> and herbivorous cladocerans and cyclopoid copepod prey casts doubt on the hypothesis that <i>Bythotrephes</i> planktivory was the primary driver underlying the community composition changes in the 2000s.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2012.04.007","usgsCitation":"Bunnell, D., Keeler, K.M., Puchala, E.A., Davis, B.M., and Pothoven, S.A., 2012, Comparing seasonal dynamics of the Lake Huron zooplankton community between 1983-1984 and 2007 and revisiting the impact of <i>Bythotrephes</i> planktivory: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 38, no. 3, p. 451-462, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2012.04.007.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"451","endPage":"462","ipdsId":"IP-038228","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264638,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264637,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2012.04.007"}],"country":"United States;Canada","otherGeospatial":"Lake Huron","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.6431,42.9928 ], [ -83.6431,45.9218 ], [ -81.2795,45.9218 ], [ -81.2795,42.9928 ], [ -83.6431,42.9928 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d9742ce4b07a5aecdeb8d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bunnell, David B.","contributorId":14360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"David B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keeler, Kevin M. 0000-0002-8118-0060 kkeeler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8118-0060","contributorId":4377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeler","given":"Kevin","email":"kkeeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Puchala, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":38862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puchala","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, Bruce M. bmdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":4227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Bruce","email":"bmdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pothoven, Steven A.","contributorId":92998,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pothoven","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70041880,"text":"ofr20121251 - 2012 - Updates to watershed modeling in the Potholes Reservoir basin, Washington-a supplement to Scientific Investigation Report 2009-5081","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-18T14:27:18","indexId":"ofr20121251","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1251","title":"Updates to watershed modeling in the Potholes Reservoir basin, Washington-a supplement to Scientific Investigation Report 2009-5081","docAbstract":"A previous collaborative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Bureau of Reclamation resulted in a watershed model for four watersheds that discharge into Potholes Reservoir, Washington. Since the model was constructed, two new meteorological sites have been established that provide more reliable real-time information. The Bureau of Reclamation was interested in incorporating this new information into the existing watershed model developed in 2009, and adding measured snowpack information to update simulated results and to improve forecasts of runoff. This report includes descriptions of procedures to aid a user in making model runs, including a description of the Object User Interface for the watershed model with details on specific keystrokes to generate model runs for the contributing basins. A new real-time, data-gathering computer program automates the creation of the model input files and includes the new meteorological sites. The 2009 watershed model was updated with the new sites and validated by comparing simulated results to measured data. As in the previous study, the updated model (2012 model) does a poor job of simulating individual storms, but a reasonably good job of simulating seasonal runoff volumes. At three streamflow-gaging stations, the January 1 to June 30 retrospective forecasts of runoff volume for years 2010 and 2011 were within 40 percent of the measured runoff volume for five of the six comparisons, ranging from -39.4 to 60.3 percent difference. A procedure for collecting measured snowpack data and using the data in the watershed model for forecast model runs, based on the Ensemble Streamflow Prediction method, is described, with an example that uses 2004 snow-survey data.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121251","collaboration":"For additional information see <a href=\"http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/sir20095081\" target=\"_blank\">SIR 2009-5081</a>.","usgsCitation":"Mastin, M., 2012, Updates to watershed modeling in the Potholes Reservoir basin, Washington-a supplement to Scientific Investigation Report 2009-5081: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1251, vii, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121251.","productDescription":"vii, 52 p.","numberOfPages":"59","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264116,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1251.jpg"},{"id":264114,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1251/"},{"id":264115,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1251/pdf/ofr20121251.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Potholes Reservoir Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.50,47.83 ], [ -119.50,48.16 ], [ -117.83,48.16 ], [ -117.83,47.83 ], [ -119.50,47.83 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d20bb4e4b08b071e771b3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mastin, Mark","contributorId":41312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70041947,"text":"70041947 - 2012 - Hierarchical distance-sampling models to estimate population size and habitat-specific abundance of an island endemic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-20T10:14:41","indexId":"70041947","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hierarchical distance-sampling models to estimate population size and habitat-specific abundance of an island endemic","docAbstract":"Population size and habitat-specific abundance estimates are essential for conservation management. A major impediment to obtaining such estimates is that few statistical models are able to simultaneously account for both spatial variation in abundance and heterogeneity in detection probability, and still be amenable to large-scale applications. The hierarchical distance-sampling model of J. A. Royle, D. K. Dawson, and S. Bates provides a practical solution. Here, we extend this model to estimate habitat-specific abundance and rangewide population size of a bird species of management concern, the Island Scrub-Jay (<i>Aphelocoma insularis</i>), which occurs solely on Santa Cruz Island, California, USA. We surveyed 307 randomly selected, 300 m diameter, point locations throughout the 250-km<sup>2</sup> island during October 2008 and April 2009. Population size was estimated to be 2267 (95% CI 1613-3007) and 1705 (1212-2369) during the fall and spring respectively, considerably lower than a previously published but statistically problematic estimate of 12 500. This large discrepancy emphasizes the importance of proper survey design and analysis for obtaining reliable information for management decisions. Jays were most abundant in low-elevation chaparral habitat; the detection function depended primarily on the percent cover of chaparral and forest within count circles. Vegetation change on the island has been dramatic in recent decades, due to release from herbivory following the eradication of feral sheep (<i>Ovis aries</i>) from the majority of the island in the mid-1980s. We applied best-fit fall and spring models of habitat-specific jay abundance to a vegetation map from 1985, and estimated the population size of <i>A. insularis</i> was 1400-1500 at that time. The 20-30% increase in the jay population suggests that the species has benefited from the recovery of native vegetation since sheep removal. Nevertheless, this jay's tiny range and small population size make it vulnerable to natural disasters and to habitat alteration related to climate change. Our results demonstrate that hierarchical distance-sampling models hold promise for estimating population size and spatial density variation at large scales. Our statistical methods have been incorporated into the R package <i>unmarked</i> to facilitate their use by animal ecologists, and we provide annotated code in the Supplement.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Ithaca, NY","doi":"10.1890/11-1400.1","usgsCitation":"Sillett, S.T., Chandler, R.B., Royle, J., Kéry, M., and Morrison, S.A., 2012, Hierarchical distance-sampling models to estimate population size and habitat-specific abundance of an island endemic: Ecological Applications, v. 22, no. 7, p. 1997-2006, https://doi.org/10.1890/11-1400.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1997","endPage":"2006","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-039064","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264664,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264663,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/11-1400.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Cruz Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.52,33.96 ], [ -119.52,34.08 ], [ -119.92,34.08 ], [ -119.92,33.96 ], [ -119.52,33.96 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"22","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d4cc52e4b0c6073c90208a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sillett, Scott T.","contributorId":75036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sillett","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chandler, Richard B. rchandler@usgs.gov","contributorId":63524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"Richard","email":"rchandler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":80808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kéry, Marc","contributorId":80990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kéry","given":"Marc","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morrison, Scott A.","contributorId":83780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morrison","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":470445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70041946,"text":"70041946 - 2012 - Large-scale monitoring of shorebird populations using count data and N-mixture models: Black Oystercatcher (<i>Haematopus bachmani</i>) surveys by land and sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T15:46:12","indexId":"70041946","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large-scale monitoring of shorebird populations using count data and N-mixture models: Black Oystercatcher (<i>Haematopus bachmani</i>) surveys by land and sea","docAbstract":"Large-scale monitoring of bird populations is often based on count data collected across spatial scales that may include multiple physiographic regions and habitat types. Monitoring at large spatial scales may require multiple survey platforms (e.g., from boats and land when monitoring coastal species) and multiple survey methods. It becomes especially important to explicitly account for detection probability when analyzing count data that have been collected using multiple survey platforms or methods. We evaluated a new analytical framework, <i>N</i>-mixture models, to estimate actual abundance while accounting for multiple detection biases. During May 2006, we made repeated counts of Black Oystercatchers (<i>Haematopus bachmani</i>) from boats in the Puget Sound area of Washington (<i>n</i> = 55 sites) and from land along the coast of Oregon (<i>n</i> = 56 sites). We used a Bayesian analysis of N-mixture models to (1) assess detection probability as a function of environmental and survey covariates and (2) estimate total Black Oystercatcher abundance during the breeding season in the two regions. Probability of detecting individuals during boat-based surveys was 0.75 (95% credible interval: 0.42–0.91) and was not influenced by tidal stage. Detection probability from surveys conducted on foot was 0.68 (0.39–0.90); the latter was not influenced by fog, wind, or number of observers but was ~35% lower during rain. The estimated population size was 321 birds (262–511) in Washington and 311 (276–382) in Oregon. N-mixture models provide a flexible framework for modeling count data and covariates in large-scale bird monitoring programs designed to understand population change.","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1525/auk.2012.11253","usgsCitation":"Lyons, J., Andrew, R.J., Thomas, S.M., Elliott-Smith, E., Evenson, J.R., Kelly, E.G., Milner, R.L., Nysewander, D.R., and Andres, B.A., 2012, Large-scale monitoring of shorebird populations using count data and N-mixture models: Black Oystercatcher (<i>Haematopus bachmani</i>) surveys by land and sea: The Auk, v. 129, no. 4, p. 645-652, https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2012.11253.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"645","endPage":"652","ipdsId":"IP-037900","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474201,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2012.11253","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":264669,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon;Washington","volume":"129","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d4cc56e4b0c6073c90208e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyons, James E.","contributorId":35461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"James E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrew, Royle J.","contributorId":69800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrew","given":"Royle","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, Susan M.","contributorId":15452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Elliott-Smith, Elise eelliott-smith@usgs.gov","contributorId":3645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott-Smith","given":"Elise","email":"eelliott-smith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Evenson, Joseph R.","contributorId":62481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evenson","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kelly, Elizabeth G.","contributorId":99847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Milner, Ruth L.","contributorId":48061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milner","given":"Ruth","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nysewander, David R.","contributorId":23036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nysewander","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Andres, Brad A.","contributorId":68811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andres","given":"Brad","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70041920,"text":"sir20125236 - 2012 - Numerical simulation of groundwater movement and managed aquifer recharge from Sand Hollow Reservoir, Hurricane Bench area, Washington County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T10:28:36","indexId":"sir20125236","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5236","title":"Numerical simulation of groundwater movement and managed aquifer recharge from Sand Hollow Reservoir, Hurricane Bench area, Washington County, Utah","docAbstract":"<p>The Hurricane Bench area of Washington County, Utah, is a 70 square-mile area extending south from the Virgin River and encompassing Sand Hollow basin. Sand Hollow Reservoir, located on Hurricane Bench, was completed in March 2002 and is operated primarily as a managed aquifer recharge project by the Washington County Water Conservancy District. The reservoir is situated on a thick sequence of the Navajo Sandstone and Kayenta Formation. Total recharge to the underlying Navajo aquifer from the reservoir was about 86,000 acre-feet from 2002 to 2009. Natural recharge as infiltration of precipitation was approximately 2,100 acre-feet per year for the same period. Discharge occurs as seepage to the Virgin River, municipal and irrigation well withdrawals, and seepage to drains at the base of reservoir dams. Within the Hurricane Bench area, unconfined groundwater-flow conditions generally exist throughout the Navajo Sandstone. Navajo Sandstone hydraulic-conductivity values from regional aquifer testing range from 0.8 to 32 feet per day. The large variability in hydraulic conductivity is attributed to bedrock fractures that trend north-northeast across the study area.</p><p>A numerical groundwater-flow model was developed to simulate groundwater movement in the Hurricane Bench area and to simulate the movement of managed aquifer recharge from Sand Hollow Reservoir through the groundwater system. The model was calibrated to combined steady- and transient-state conditions. The steady-state portion of the simulation was developed and calibrated by using hydrologic data that represented average conditions for 1975. The transient-state portion of the simulation was developed and calibrated by using hydrologic data collected from 1976 to 2009. Areally, the model grid was 98 rows by 76 columns with a variable cell size ranging from about 1.5 to 25 acres. Smaller cells were used to represent the reservoir to accurately simulate the reservoir bathymetry and nearby monitoring wells; larger cells were used in the northern and southern portions of the model where water-level data were limited. Vertically, the aquifer system was divided into 10 layers, which incorporated the Navajo Sandstone and Kayenta Formation. The model simulated recharge to the groundwater system as natural infiltration of precipitation and as infiltration of managed aquifer recharge from Sand Hollow Reservoir. Groundwater discharge was simulated as well withdrawals, shallow drains at the base of reservoir dams, and seepage to the Virgin River. During calibration, variables were adjusted within probable ranges to minimize differences among model-simulated and observed water levels, groundwater travel times, drain discharges, and monthly estimated reservoir recharge.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125236","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Washington County Water Conservancy District","usgsCitation":"Marston, T.M., and Heilweil, V.M., 2012, Numerical simulation of groundwater movement and managed aquifer recharge from Sand Hollow Reservoir, Hurricane Bench area, Washington County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5236, vi, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125236.","productDescription":"vi, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"44","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264131,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2012_5236.jpg"},{"id":264129,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5236/"},{"id":264130,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5236/pdf/sir20125236.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Washington County","otherGeospatial":"Sand Hollow Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.39374,37.101658 ], [ -113.39374,37.127394 ], [ -113.35936,37.127394 ], [ -113.35936,37.101658 ], [ -113.39374,37.101658 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d20bace4b08b071e771b34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marston, Thomas M. 0000-0003-1053-4172 tmarston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1053-4172","contributorId":3272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marston","given":"Thomas","email":"tmarston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heilweil, Victor M. heilweil@usgs.gov","contributorId":837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heilweil","given":"Victor","email":"heilweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70041864,"text":"70041864 - 2012 - Fixed bed sorption of phosphorus from wastewater using iron oxide-based media derived from acid mine drainage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T07:53:38","indexId":"70041864","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fixed bed sorption of phosphorus from wastewater using iron oxide-based media derived from acid mine drainage","docAbstract":"Phosphorus (P) releases to the environment have been implicated in the eutrophication of important water bodies worldwide. Current technology for the removal of P from wastewaters consists of treatment with aluminum (Al) or iron (Fe) salts, but is expensive. The neutralization of acid mine drainage (AMD) generates sludge rich in Fe and Al oxides that has hitherto been considered a waste product, but these sludges could serve as an economical adsorption media for the removal of P from wastewaters. Therefore, we have evaluated an AMD-derived media as a sorbent for P in fixed bed sorption systems. The homogenous surface diffusion model (HSDM) was used to analyze fixed bed test data and to determine the value of related sorption parameters. The surface diffusion modulus Ed was found to be a useful predictor of sorption kinetics. Values of Ed < 0.2 were associated with early breakthrough of P, while more desirable S-shaped breakthrough curves resulted when 0.2 < Ed < 0.5. Computer simulations of the fixed bed process with the HSDM confirmed that if Ed was known, the shape of the breakthrough curve could be calculated. The surface diffusion coefficient D s was a critical factor in the calculation of Ed and could be estimated based on the sorption test conditions such as media characteristics, and influent flow rate and concentration. Optimal test results were obtained with a relatively small media particle size (average particle radius 0.028 cm) and resulted in 96 % removal of P from the influent over 46 days of continuous operation. These results indicate that fixed bed sorption of P would be a feasible option for the utilization of AMD residues, thus helping to decrease AMD treatment costs while at the same time ameliorating the impacts of P contamination.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s11270-012-1262-x","usgsCitation":"Sibrell, P.L., and Tucker, T., 2012, Fixed bed sorption of phosphorus from wastewater using iron oxide-based media derived from acid mine drainage: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 223, no. 8, p. 5105-5117, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-012-1262-x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"5105","endPage":"5117","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264091,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264090,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-012-1262-x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","city":"Brandy Camp","otherGeospatial":"Blue Valley","volume":"223","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d20b82e4b08b071e771b15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sibrell, Philip L. psibrell@usgs.gov","contributorId":2006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sibrell","given":"Philip","email":"psibrell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tucker, T.W.","contributorId":85409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70041414,"text":"70041414 - 2012 - Long period seismic source characterization at Popocatépetl volcano, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T09:27:52","indexId":"70041414","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long period seismic source characterization at Popocatépetl volcano, Mexico","docAbstract":"The seismicity of Popocatépetl is dominated by long-period and very-long period signals associated with hydrothermal processes and magmatic degassing. We model the source mechanism of repetitive long-period signals in the 0.4–2 s band from a 15-station broadband network by stacking long-period events with similar waveforms to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The data are well fitted by a point source located within the summit crater ~250 m below the crater floor and ~200 m from the inferred magma conduit. The inferred source includes a volumetric component that can be modeled as resonance of a horizontal steam-filled crack and a vertical single force component. The long-period events are thought to be related to the interaction between the magmatic system and a perched hydrothermal system. Repetitive injection of fluid into the horizontal fracture and subsequent sudden discharge when a critical pressure threshold is met provides a non-destructive source process.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2012GL053494","usgsCitation":"Arciniega-Ceballos, A., Dawson, P., and Chouet, B.A., 2012, Long period seismic source characterization at Popocatépetl volcano, Mexico: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 39, 5 p.; L20307, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL053494.","productDescription":"5 p.; L20307","ipdsId":"IP-040702","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474200,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2012gl053494","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":264097,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264096,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012GL053494"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Popocat�petl Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.63764,19.011456 ], [ -98.63764,19.031458 ], [ -98.617632,19.031458 ], [ -98.617632,19.011456 ], [ -98.63764,19.011456 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"39","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d20b9be4b08b071e771b28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arciniega-Ceballos, Alejandra","contributorId":57740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arciniega-Ceballos","given":"Alejandra","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dawson, Phillip","contributorId":21780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Phillip","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chouet, Bernard A. 0000-0001-5527-0532 chouet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5527-0532","contributorId":3304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chouet","given":"Bernard","email":"chouet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041743,"text":"70041743 - 2012 - Geomorphic and stratigraphic evidence for an unusual tsunami or storm a few centuries ago at Anegada, British Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T12:00:16","indexId":"70041743","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geomorphic and stratigraphic evidence for an unusual tsunami or storm a few centuries ago at Anegada, British Virgin Islands","docAbstract":"Waters from the Atlantic Ocean washed southward across parts of Anegada, east-northeast of Puerto Rico, during a singular event a few centuries ago. The overwash, after crossing a fringing coral reef and 1.5 km of shallow subtidal flats, cut dozens of breaches through sandy beach ridges, deposited a sheet of sand and shell capped with lime mud, and created inland fields of cobbles and boulders. Most of the breaches extend tens to hundreds of meters perpendicular to a 2-km stretch of Anegada’s windward shore. Remnants of the breached ridges stand 3 m above modern sea level, and ridges seaward of the breaches rise 2.2–3.0 m high. The overwash probably exceeded those heights when cutting the breaches by overtopping and incision of the beach ridges. Much of the sand-and-shell sheet contains pink bioclastic sand that resembles, in grain size and composition, the sand of the breached ridges. This sand extends as much as 1.5 km to the south of the breached ridges. It tapers southward from a maximum thickness of 40 cm, decreases in estimated mean grain size from medium sand to very fine sand, and contains mud laminae in the south. The sand-and-shell sheet also contains mollusks—cerithid gastropods and the bivalve Anomalocardia—and angular limestone granules and pebbles. The mollusk shells and the lime-mud cap were probably derived from a marine pond that occupied much of Anegada’s interior at the time of overwash. The boulders and cobbles, nearly all composed of limestone, form fields that extend many tens of meters generally southward from limestone outcrops as much as 0.8 km from the nearest shore. Soon after the inferred overwash, the marine pond was replaced by hypersaline ponds that produce microbial mats and evaporite crusts. This environmental change, which has yet to be reversed, required restriction of a former inlet or inlets, the location of which was probably on the island’s south (lee) side. The inferred overwash may have caused restriction directly by washing sand into former inlets, or indirectly by reducing the tidal prism or supplying sand to post-overwash currents and waves. The overwash happened after A.D. 1650 if coeval with radiocarbon-dated leaves in the mud cap, and it probably happened before human settlement in the last decades of the 1700s. A prior overwash event is implied by an inland set of breaches. Hypothetically, the overwash in 1650–1800 resulted from the Antilles tsunami of 1690, the transatlantic Lisbon tsunami of 1755, a local tsunami not previously documented, or a storm whose effects exceeded those of Hurricane Donna, which was probably at category 3 as its eye passed 15 km to Anegada’s south in 1960.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural Hazards","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s11069-010-9622-6","usgsCitation":"Atwater, B.F., ten Brink, U., Buckley, M., Halley, R.S., Jaffe, B.E., Lopez-Venegas, A.M., Reinhardt, E.G., Tuttle, M.P., Watt, S., and Wei, Y., 2012, Geomorphic and stratigraphic evidence for an unusual tsunami or storm a few centuries ago at Anegada, British Virgin Islands: Natural Hazards, v. 63, no. 1, p. 51-84, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-010-9622-6.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"84","ipdsId":"IP-020383","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-010-9622-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":264037,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264036,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-010-9622-6"}],"country":"British Virgin Islands","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -64.416154,18.688621 ], [ -64.416154,18.749452 ], [ -64.270885,18.749452 ], [ -64.270885,18.688621 ], [ -64.416154,18.688621 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"63","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50cb577ae4b09e092d6f03e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atwater, Brian F. 0000-0003-1155-2815 atwater@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-2815","contributorId":3297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwater","given":"Brian","email":"atwater@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buckley, Mark","contributorId":6695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Halley, Robert S.","contributorId":12757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halley","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lopez-Venegas, Alberto M.","contributorId":32803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez-Venegas","given":"Alberto","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reinhardt, Eduard G.","contributorId":15094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinhardt","given":"Eduard","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tuttle, Maritia P.","contributorId":78628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tuttle","given":"Maritia","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Watt, Steve swatt@usgs.gov","contributorId":4451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watt","given":"Steve","email":"swatt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":470147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wei, Yong","contributorId":99691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"Yong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70041804,"text":"ofr20121181 - 2012 - Computing maximum-likelihood estimates for parameters of the National Descriptive Model of Mercury in Fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-14T15:22:42","indexId":"ofr20121181","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1181","title":"Computing maximum-likelihood estimates for parameters of the National Descriptive Model of Mercury in Fish","docAbstract":"This report presents the mathematical expressions and the computational techniques required to compute maximum-likelihood estimates for the parameters of the National Descriptive Model of Mercury in Fish (NDMMF), a statistical model used to predict the concentration of methylmercury in fish tissue. The expressions and techniques reported here were prepared to support the development of custom software capable of computing NDMMF parameter estimates more quickly and using less computer memory than is currently possible with available general-purpose statistical software. Computation of maximum-likelihood estimates for the NDMMF by numerical solution of a system of simultaneous equations through repeated Newton-Raphson iterations is described. This report explains the derivation of the mathematical expressions required for computational parameter estimation in sufficient detail to facilitate future derivations for any revised versions of the NDMMF that may be developed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121181","usgsCitation":"Donato, D.I., 2012, Computing maximum-likelihood estimates for parameters of the National Descriptive Model of Mercury in Fish: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1181, Report: iii, 16 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121181.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 16 p.; Appendix","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":563,"text":"South Florida Information Access","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264061,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1181.gif"},{"id":264060,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1181/mlendm97lc-c.txt"},{"id":264058,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1181/"},{"id":264059,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1181/pdf/ofr2012-1181_report_508_rev121312.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50cc4a63e4b00ab7c548c667","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Donato, David I. 0000-0002-5412-0249 didonato@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5412-0249","contributorId":2234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donato","given":"David","email":"didonato@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70041332,"text":"70041332 - 2012 - Identifying bubble collapse in a hydrothermal system using hiddden Markov models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-25T10:49:41","indexId":"70041332","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying bubble collapse in a hydrothermal system using hiddden Markov models","docAbstract":"Beginning in July 2003 and lasting through September 2003, the Norris Geyser Basin in Yellowstone National Park exhibited an unusual increase in ground temperature and hydrothermal activity. Using hidden Markov model theory, we identify over five million high-frequency (>15 Hz) seismic events observed at a temporary seismic station deployed in the basin in response to the increase in hydrothermal activity. The source of these seismic events is constrained to within ~100 m of the station, and produced ~3500–5500 events per hour with mean durations of ~0.35–0.45 s. The seismic event rate, air temperature, hydrologic temperatures, and surficial water flow of the geyser basin exhibited a marked diurnal pattern that was closely associated with solar thermal radiance. We interpret the source of the seismicity to be due to the collapse of small steam bubbles in the hydrothermal system, with the rate of collapse being controlled by surficial temperatures and daytime evaporation rates.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2011GL049901","usgsCitation":"Dawson, P.B., Benitez, M., Lowenstern, J.B., and Chouet, B.A., 2012, Identifying bubble collapse in a hydrothermal system using hiddden Markov models: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 39, L01304; 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL049901.","productDescription":"L01304; 5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-034503","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474203,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gl049901","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":264047,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264046,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL049901"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.75180053710938,\n              44.69611500685269\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.65292358398438,\n              44.69611500685269\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.65292358398438,\n              44.757582949615994\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.75180053710938,\n              44.757582949615994\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.75180053710938,\n              44.69611500685269\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"39","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50cc4a79e4b00ab7c548c672","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dawson, Phillip B. dawson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Phillip","email":"dawson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benitez, M.C.","contributorId":82144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benitez","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowenstern, Jacob B. 0000-0003-0464-7779 jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-7779","contributorId":2755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowenstern","given":"Jacob","email":"jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chouet, Bernard A. 0000-0001-5527-0532 chouet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5527-0532","contributorId":3304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chouet","given":"Bernard","email":"chouet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70040393,"text":"70040393 - 2012 - Temporal variations of geyser water chemistry in the Upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T12:35:05","indexId":"70040393","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-13T09:04:47","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal variations of geyser water chemistry in the Upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, USA","docAbstract":"Geysers are rare features that reflect a delicate balance between an abundant supply of water and heat and a unique geometry of fractures and porous rocks. Between April 2007 and September 2008, we sampled Old Faithful, Daisy, Grand, Oblong, and Aurum geysers in Yellowstone National Park's Upper Geyser Basin and characterized temporal variations in major element chemistry and water isotopes (δ<sup>18</sup>O, δD, <sup>3</sup>H). We compare these temporal variations with temporal trends of Geyser Eruption Intervals (GEI). SiO<sub>2</sub> concentrations and geothermometry indicate that the geysers are fed by waters ascending from a reservoir with temperatures of ∼190 to 210°C. The studied geysers display small and complex chemical and isotopic seasonal variations, and geysers with smaller volume display larger seasonal variations than geysers with larger volumes. Aurum and Oblong Geysers contain detectable tritium concentrations, suggesting that erupted water contains some modern meteoric water. We propose that seasonal GEI variations result from varying degrees of evaporation, meteoric water recharge, water table fluctuations, and possible hydraulic interaction with the adjacent Firehole River. We demonstrate that the concentrations of major dissolved species in Old Faithful Geyser have remained nearly constant since 1884 despite large changes in Old Faithful's eruption intervals, suggesting that no major changes have occurred in the hydrothermal system of the Upper Geyser Basin for >120 years. Our data set provides a baseline for monitoring future changes in geyser activity that might result from varying climate, earthquakes, and changes in heat flow from the underlying magmatic system.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2012GC004388","usgsCitation":"Hurwitz, S., Hunt, A.G., and Evans, W.C., 2012, Temporal variations of geyser water chemistry in the Upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, USA: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 13, no. 12, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GC004388.","productDescription":"19 p.","numberOfPages":"19","ipdsId":"IP-041584","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280954,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012GC004388"},{"id":280955,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Firehole River;Upper Geyser Basin;Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.156,44.1313 ], [ -111.156,45.109 ], [ -109.8255,45.109 ], [ -109.8255,44.1313 ], [ -111.156,44.1313 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"13","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd768de4b0b2908510af70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hurwitz, Shaul 0000-0001-5142-6886 shaulh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6886","contributorId":2169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"Shaul","email":"shaulh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, Andrew G. 0000-0002-3810-8610 ahunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-8610","contributorId":1582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Andrew","email":"ahunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evans, William C. 0000-0001-5942-3102 wcevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-3102","contributorId":2353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"wcevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70041776,"text":"sim3231 - 2012 - Flood-inundation maps for the White River at Newberry, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-14T10:53:02","indexId":"sim3231","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3231","title":"Flood-inundation maps for the White River at Newberry, Indiana","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for a 4.9-mile reach of the White River at Newberry, Indiana (Ind.), were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs. The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at <a href=\"http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation\" target=\"_blank\">http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation</a>, depict estimates of the areal extent of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at USGS streamgage 03360500, White River at Newberry, Ind. Current conditions at the USGS streamgage may be obtained on the Internet (<a href=\"http://waterdata.usgs.gov/in/nwis/uv?site_no=03360500\" target=\"_blank\">http://waterdata.usgs.gov/in/nwis/uv?site_no=03360500</a>). The National Weather Service (NWS) forecasts flood hydrographs at the Newberry streamgage. That forecasted peak-stage information, also available on the Internet, may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation. For this study, flood profiles were computed for the White River reach by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model developed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The hydraulic model was calibrated by using the most current stage-discharge relation at USGS streamgage 03360500, White River at Newberry, Ind., and high-water marks from a flood in June 2008.The calibrated hydraulic model was then used to determine 22 water-surface profiles for flood stages a1-foot intervals referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from bankfull to approximately the highest recorded water level at the streamgage. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system digital elevation model (derived from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data) in order to delineate the area flooded at each water level. The availability of these maps, along with Internet information regarding current stage from the USGS streamgage at Newberry, Ind., and forecasted stream stages from the NWS, provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures as well as for post-flood recovery efforts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3231","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs.  These sheets are availalbe in High Resolution PDF or Low Resolution JPG.  See <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/\" target=\"_blank\">SIM 3231</a> for more information.","usgsCitation":"Fowler, K.K., Kim, M.H., and Menke, C.D., 2012, Flood-inundation maps for the White River at Newberry, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3231, Pamphlet: vi,8 p.; 22 sheets: 17 x 22 inches or smaller; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3231.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: vi,8 p.; 22 sheets: 17 x 22 inches or smaller; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264013,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3231.gif"},{"id":263990,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/Downloads"},{"id":263988,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/"},{"id":263989,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/sim3231-102612.pdf"},{"id":263991,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet1-473_8ft.pdf"},{"id":263992,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet10-482_17ft.pdf"},{"id":263993,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet11-483_18ft.pdf"},{"id":263994,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet12-484_19ft.pdf"},{"id":263995,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet13-485_20ft.pdf"},{"id":263996,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet14-486_21ft.pdf"},{"id":263997,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet15-487_22ft.pdf"},{"id":263998,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet16-488_23ft.pdf"},{"id":263999,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet17-489_24ft.pdf"},{"id":264002,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet2-474_9ft.pdf"},{"id":264003,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet20-492_27ft.pdf"},{"id":264000,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet18-490_25ft.pdf"},{"id":264001,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet19-491_26ft.pdf"},{"id":264004,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet21-493_28ft.pdf"},{"id":264005,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet22-494_29ft.pdf"},{"id":264006,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet3-475_10ft.pdf"},{"id":264007,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet4-476_11ft.pdf"},{"id":264008,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet5-477_12ft.pdf"},{"id":264009,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet6-478_13ft.pdf"},{"id":264010,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet8-480_15ft.pdf"},{"id":264011,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet7-479_14ft.pdf"},{"id":264012,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3231/pdf/Sheet9-481_16ft.pdf"}],"projection":"Transverse Mercator","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"Newberry","otherGeospatial":"White River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.07,38.90 ], [ -87.07,38.97 ], [ -86.67,38.97 ], [ -86.67,38.90 ], [ -87.07,38.90 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50cb576de4b09e092d6f03d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fowler, Kathleen K. 0000-0002-0107-3848 kkfowler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0107-3848","contributorId":2439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fowler","given":"Kathleen","email":"kkfowler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kim, Moon H. 0000-0002-4328-8409 mkim@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4328-8409","contributorId":3211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Moon","email":"mkim@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Menke, Chad D. cdmenke@usgs.gov","contributorId":3209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menke","given":"Chad","email":"cdmenke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":470203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}