A deposit of rare-earth minerals in the Scrub Oaks iron mine, Morris County, N. J., was mapped and sampled in 1955. The rare-earth minerals are mainly in coarse-grained magnetite ore and in pegmatite adjacent to it. Discrete bodies of rare-earth-bearing magnetite ore apparently follow the plunge of the main magnetite ore body at the north end of the mine. Radioactivity of the ore containing rare earths is about 0.2 to 0.6 mllliroentgens per hour.
The principal minerals of the deposit are quartz, magnetite, hematite, albiteoligoclase, perthite and antiperthite. Xenotime and doverite aggregates and bastnaesite with intermixed leucoxene are the most abundant rare-earth minerals, and zircon, sphene, chevkinite, apatite, and monazite are of minor abundance in the ore. The rare-earth elements are partly differentiated into cerium-rich bastnaesite, chevkinite, and monazite, and yttrium-rich xenotime and doverite. Apatite, zircon, and sphene contain both cerium and yttrium group earths.
Eleven samples of radioactive ore and rock average 0.009 percent uranium, 0.062 percent thorium, 1.51 percent combined rare-earth oxides including yttrium oxide and 24.8 percent iron. Scatter diagrams of sample data show a direct correlation between equivalent uranium, uranium, thorium, and combined rare^ earth oxides. Both cerium- and yttrium-group earths are abundant in the rare-earth minerals.
Radioactive magnetite ore containing rare-earth minerals probably formed as a variant of the magnetite mineralization that produced the main iron ore of the Scrub Oaks deposit. The rare-earth minerals and the iron ore were deposited contemporaneously. Zircon crystals, probably deposited at the same time, have been determined by the Larsen method to be about 550 to 600 million years old (late Precambrian age).
Uranium, thorium, and rare-earth elements are potential byproducts of iron in the coarse-grained magnetite ore.
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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5939","usgsCitation":"Faul, H., Jager, E., Robinson, R., and Thomas, H., 1959, Potassium-argon project report for the year 1958-1959: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 59-39, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5939.","productDescription":"8 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":431330,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1959/0039/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":147227,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1959/0039/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683958","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faul, Henry","contributorId":60234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faul","given":"Henry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jager, E.","contributorId":83942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jager","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robinson, R.H.","contributorId":106131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thomas, H.H.","contributorId":67530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"H.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":67377,"text":"i297 - 1959 - Geology of the western part of the Big Delta (D-6) quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:18","indexId":"i297","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"297","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Geology of the western part of the Big Delta (D-6) quadrangle, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i297","usgsCitation":"Williams, J., 1959, Geology of the western part of the Big Delta (D-6) quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 297, 1 map., https://doi.org/10.3133/i297.","productDescription":"1 map.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":102920,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_1387.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"1387"},{"id":188483,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"63360","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -147,64.75 ], [ -147,65 ], [ -146.5,65 ], [ -146.5,64.75 ], [ -147,64.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c731","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, John R.","contributorId":41832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"John R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":276087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":36148,"text":"b1072M - 1959 - Geology and fuel resources of the Mesa Verde area, Montezuma and La Plata Counties, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:47","indexId":"b1072M","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1072","chapter":"M","title":"Geology and fuel resources of the Mesa Verde area, Montezuma and La Plata Counties, Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. 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Off.,","doi":"10.3133/b1072M","usgsCitation":"Wanek, A.A., 1959, Geology and fuel resources of the Mesa Verde area, Montezuma and La Plata Counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1072, p. 667-721, ill., maps ;23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1072M.","productDescription":"p. 667-721, ill., maps ;23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":109286,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_20725.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"20725"},{"id":97229,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1072m/plate-49.pdf","size":"7949","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":97230,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1072m/plate-50.pdf","size":"712","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":97231,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1072m/plate-51.pdf","size":"1398","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":165579,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1072m/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64128,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1072m/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686214","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wanek, Alexander A.","contributorId":61410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanek","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":215846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":66700,"text":"i301 - 1959 - Photogeologic map of the Flat Top Mountain NE quadrangle, Carbon County, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:17","indexId":"i301","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"301","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Photogeologic map of the Flat Top Mountain NE quadrangle, Carbon County, Wyoming","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i301","usgsCitation":"Olson, A.B., 1959, Photogeologic map of the Flat Top Mountain NE quadrangle, Carbon County, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 301, 1 map., https://doi.org/10.3133/i301.","productDescription":"1 map.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":103027,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_1511.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"1511"},{"id":188748,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.86749999999999,40.1175 ], [ -107.86749999999999,41.25 ], [ -107.75,41.25 ], [ -107.75,40.1175 ], [ -107.86749999999999,40.1175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6869fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, A. B.","contributorId":49029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":274938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":66469,"text":"i283 - 1959 - Photogeologic map of the Norwood-1 quadrangle, Montrose and Ouray Counties, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:20","indexId":"i283","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"283","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Photogeologic map of the Norwood-1 quadrangle, Montrose and Ouray Counties, Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i283","usgsCitation":"Marshall, C.H., 1959, Photogeologic map of the Norwood-1 quadrangle, Montrose and Ouray Counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 283, 1 map ;45 x 35 cm., folded to 27 x 20 cm., in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/i283.","productDescription":"1 map ;45 x 35 cm., folded to 27 x 20 cm., in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":103100,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_1584.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"1584"},{"id":187789,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"62500","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.25,38.25 ], [ -108.25,38.5 ], [ -108,38.5 ], [ -108,38.25 ], [ -108.25,38.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6864f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marshall, C. H.","contributorId":31050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":274581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":4051,"text":"cir418 - 1959 - Floods of January-February 1959 in Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-19T21:28:50","indexId":"cir418","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"418","title":"Floods of January-February 1959 in Ohio","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/gp193","usgsCitation":"Balsley, J.R., and Buddington, A.F., 1959, Aeromagnetic and geologic map of the Tupper Lake quadrangle, St. Lawrence, Hamilton, and Franklin Counties, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Geophysical Investigations Map 193, Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 24.08 × 22.44 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/gp193.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 24.08 × 22.44 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":251221,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0193/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":251220,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0193/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":392523,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_3110.htm"},{"id":252004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0193/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"62500","country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Franklin County, Hamilton County, St. Lawrence County","otherGeospatial":"Tupper Lake quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -74.75,44 ], [ -74.75,44.25 ], [ -74.5,44.25 ], [ -74.5,44 ], [ -74.75,44 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698a41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Balsley, J. R. Jr.","contributorId":79535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balsley","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":270983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buddington, A. F.","contributorId":40211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buddington","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":270982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":64292,"text":"gp214 - 1959 - Aeromagnetic map of the Quakertown quadrangle, Bucks County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-07T19:40:00.282428","indexId":"gp214","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":317,"text":"Geophysical Investigations Map","code":"GP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"214","title":"Aeromagnetic map of the Quakertown quadrangle, Bucks County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/gp214","usgsCitation":"Bromery, R.W., and Zandle, G.L., 1959, Aeromagnetic map of the Quakertown quadrangle, Bucks County, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Geophysical Investigations Map 214, 1 Plate: 22.99 × 26.57 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/gp214.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 22.99 × 26.57 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":250908,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0214/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":250909,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0214/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":254322,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0214/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":392589,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_3134.htm"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Bucks County","otherGeospatial":"Quakertown quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.375,40.375 ], [ -75.375,40.5 ], [ -75.25,40.5 ], [ -75.25,40.375 ], [ -75.375,40.375 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a5dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bromery, Randolph Wilson","contributorId":22746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bromery","given":"Randolph","email":"","middleInitial":"Wilson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":270464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zandle, G. L.","contributorId":39863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zandle","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":270465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":39108,"text":"pp305J - 1959 - Test wells, Simpson area, Alaska, with a section on Core analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:14","indexId":"pp305J","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"305","chapter":"J","title":"Test wells, Simpson area, Alaska, with a section on Core analyses","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp305J","usgsCitation":"Robinson, F.M., and Yuster, S., 1959, Test wells, Simpson area, Alaska, with a section on Core analyses: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 305, p. 523-568, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp305J.","productDescription":"p. 523-568","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120010,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0305j/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":66555,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0305j/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66556,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0305j/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66557,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0305j/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66558,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0305j/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684b00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, F. M.","contributorId":84830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yuster, S.T.","contributorId":91557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuster","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":2564,"text":"wsp1472 - 1959 - Hydrologic budget of the Beaverdam Creek basin, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:29","indexId":"wsp1472","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1472","title":"Hydrologic budget of the Beaverdam Creek basin, Maryland","docAbstract":"A hydrologic budget is a statement accounting for the water gains and losses for selected periods in an area. Weekly measurements of precipitation streamflow, surface-water storage, ground-water stage, and soil resistivity were made during a 2year period, April 1, 1950, to March 28, 1952, in the Beaverdam Creek basin, Wicomico County, Md. The hydrologic measurements are summarized in two budgets, a total budget and a ground-water budget, and in supporting tables and graphs. \r\n\r\nThe results of the investigation have some potentially significant applications because they describe a method for determining the annual replenishment of the water supply of a basin and the ways of water disposal under natural conditions. The information helps to determine the 'safe' yield of water in diversion from natural to artificial discharge. The drainage basin of Beaverdam Creek was selected because it appeared to have fewer hydrologic variables than are generally found. However, the methods may prove applicable in many places under a variety of conditions. \r\n\r\nThe measurements are expressed in inches of water over the area of the basin. The equation of the hydrologic cycle is the budget balance: P= R+E+ASW+ delta SW + delta SM + delta GW where P is precipitation; R is runoff; ET is evapotranspiration; delta SW is change in surface-water storage; delta SM is change in soil moisture; and delta GW is change in ground-water storage. In this report 'change' is the final quantity minus the initial quantity and thus is synonymous with 'increase.' Further, ,delta GW= delta H .x Yg, \r\n\r\nin which delta H is the change in ground-water stage and Yg is the gravity yield, or the specific yield of the sediments as measured during the short periods of declining ground-water levels characteristic of the area. The complex sum of the revised equation P ? R - delta SW ? ET - delta SM, which is equal to delta H. x Yg, has been named the \r\n\r\n'infiltration residual'; it is equivalent to ground-water recharge. Two unmeasured, but not entirely unknown, quantities, evapotranspiration, (ET) and gravity yield, (Yg), are included in the equation. They are derived statistically by a method of convergent approximations, one of the contributions of this investigation. \r\n\r\nOn the basis of laboratory analysis, well-field tests, and general information on rates of drainage from saturated sediments, a gravity yield of 14 percent was assumed as a first approximation. The equation was then solved, by weeks, for evapotranspiration, ET. The evapotranspiration losses were plotted against the calendar week. Using the time of year as a control, a smooth curve was fitted to the evapotranspiration data, and modified values of ET were read from the curve. These were used to compute weekly values of the infiltration residual which were plotted against ground-water stage. The slope of the line of best fit gave a closer approximation of gravity yield, Yg. The process was repeated. The approximations converged, so that a fourth and final approximation resulted in a close grouping of all the points along a line whose slope indicated a Yg of 11.0 percent, and a slightly asymmetric bell-shaped curve of total evapotranspiration by weeks was obtained that is considered representative of this area. Check calculations of gravity yield were made during periods of low evapotranspiration and high infiltration, which substantiate the computed average of 11.0 percent. \r\n\r\nRefinements in the method of deriving the ground-water budget were introduced to supplement the techniques developed by Meinzer and Stearns in the study of the Pomperaug River basin in Connecticut in 1913 and 1916. The hydrologic equation for the ground-water cycle may be written Gr=D + delta H. x Yg + ETg, in which Gr is ground-water recharge (infiltration); D is ground-water drainage; delta H is the change in mean ground-water stage (final stage minus initial stage); Yg is gravity yield (taken as 11.0 percent in computations here); an","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1472","usgsCitation":"Rasmussen, W.C., and Andreasen, G., 1959, Hydrologic budget of the Beaverdam Creek basin, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1472, v, 106 p., [2] leaves of plates :ill., maps ;25 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1472.","productDescription":"v, 106 p., [2] leaves of plates :ill., maps ;25 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":247225,"rank":411,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/plate-05.pdf","size":"561","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247226,"rank":412,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/plate-06.pdf","size":"502","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247227,"rank":413,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/plate-07.pdf","size":"1090","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247228,"rank":414,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/plate-10.pdf","size":"424","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247222,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/plate-01.pdf","size":"1134","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247223,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/plate-03.pdf","size":"576","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247224,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/plate-04.pdf","size":"749","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28830,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1472/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db611692","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rasmussen, W. 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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp305G","usgsCitation":"Robinson, F.M., and Bergquist, H.R., 1959, Test wells, Titaluk and Knifeblade areas, Alaska, with micropaleontologic study of test wells in the Titaluk and Knifeblade areas, northern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 305, Report; iii, 46 p.; 2 Plates: 17.50 x 43.00 inches and 24.00 x 30.50 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp305G.","productDescription":"Report; iii, 46 p.; 2 Plates: 17.50 x 43.00 inches and 24.00 x 30.50 inches","startPage":"377","endPage":"422","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":422989,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92878.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":66550,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0305g/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66549,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0305g/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66551,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0305g/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122151,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0305g/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Titaluk and Knifeblade areas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155,\n 69.5\n ],\n [\n -155,\n 69.0833\n ],\n [\n -154.1667,\n 69.0833\n ],\n [\n -154.1667,\n 69.5\n ],\n [\n -155,\n 69.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684afc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, F. M.","contributorId":84830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bergquist, H. R.","contributorId":72439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergquist","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":68900,"text":"om179 - 1959 - Structure contour map on top of the middle member of the Piper formation of Middle Jurassic age in the Williston basin and adjacent areas in Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-31T10:44:12","indexId":"om179","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":329,"text":"Oil and Gas Investigation Map","code":"OM","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"179","title":"Structure contour map on top of the middle member of the Piper formation of Middle Jurassic age in the Williston basin and adjacent areas in Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/om179","usgsCitation":"Sandberg, D.T., 1959, Structure contour map on top of the middle member of the Piper formation of Middle Jurassic age in the Williston basin and adjacent areas in Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Oil and Gas Investigation Map 179, Plate: 53.56 x 38.51 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/om179.","productDescription":"Plate: 53.56 x 38.51 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":189371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":104959,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5330.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"5330"}],"scale":"76020","country":"United States ","state":"Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.9951171875,\n 48.99463598353405\n ],\n [\n -109.97314453125,\n 45.02695045318546\n ],\n [\n -99.7998046875,\n 45.089035564831036\n ],\n [\n -99.755859375,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -109.9951171875,\n 48.99463598353405\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0ae4b07f02db69d131","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sandberg, Dorothy T.","contributorId":19240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandberg","given":"Dorothy","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":279183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":64304,"text":"gp206 - 1959 - Aeromagnetic map of the Milford Square quadrangle, Bucks, Lehigh, and Montgomery Counties, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-07T19:17:49.127199","indexId":"gp206","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":317,"text":"Geophysical Investigations Map","code":"GP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"206","title":"Aeromagnetic map of the Milford Square quadrangle, Bucks, Lehigh, and Montgomery Counties, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/gp206","isbn":"0607732318","usgsCitation":"Bromery, R.W., and Zandle, G.L., 1959, Aeromagnetic map of the Milford Square quadrangle, Bucks, Lehigh, and Montgomery Counties, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Geophysical Investigations Map 206, 1 Plate: 22.90 × 27.08 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/gp206.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 22.90 × 27.08 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392584,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_3125.htm"},{"id":250933,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0206/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":254334,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0206/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":250932,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0206/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Bucks County, Lehigh County, Montgomery County","otherGeospatial":"Milford Square quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.5,40.375 ], [ -75.5,40.5 ], [ -75.375,40.5 ], [ -75.375,40.375 ], [ -75.5,40.375 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689e8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bromery, Randolph Wilson","contributorId":22746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bromery","given":"Randolph","email":"","middleInitial":"Wilson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":270503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zandle, G. L.","contributorId":39863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zandle","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":270504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":2030,"text":"wsp1475A - 1959 - Hydrologic data, Wind River and Fifteen Mile Creek basins, Wyoming, 1947-54","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-17T21:00:21.670922","indexId":"wsp1475A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1475","chapter":"A","title":"Hydrologic data, Wind River and Fifteen Mile Creek basins, Wyoming, 1947-54","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
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